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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (March 18, 1900)
10 THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN. PORTLAND, MARCH 18, 1900. DEATH ICTCXI, OF SLAVERY. Cpoch. Mnliinu Episode of Lincoln's Administration. Biography of Charles Francis Adams, x-TJnlted States Minister to Great Britain. In the meantime one of the great events of the century had taken place In Ameri ca. On September 22, while the British Prime' lllnlster and Foreign Secretary were corresponding with a view to the Immediate recognition of the "Slavehold ers' Confederacy," the Emancipation Proc lamation of 'President Lincoln had been made public Slavery as an Issue In the struggle then going on could no longer be denied or ignored. It was there; and It was thero to stay. The knot was cut; the shackles were knocked off. The ultimate influence of this 'epochal move In Europe, especially In Great Brit ain, was immense; but, at the moment, it seemed to excite only astonishment, mingled with ccorn and horror. It was not even taken seriously. Indeed, a reprint of the editorials of the leading English papers of that date would now be a lit erary curiosity, as well as a most useful vade mecum for the race of ready editorial writers. An Instructive memorial of hu man fallibility. It might preserve from many future pitfalls. Not a single one of tho London journals of 1SS3 roso to an equality with the ocaslon. An event oc curred second In Importance to few in the development of mankind; the knell of hu man bondage was sounded, and one more relic of barbarism ceased; yeC, having eyes they saw not, having ears they did not 'Uiear. Purblind and deaf, they only canted nnd caviled. The tono varied from that "of weak apology In tho friendly News, to that of bitter denunciation In tho hostile Post The Times characterlfied the procla mation as "a very sad document," which (tho South would "answer with a hiss of scorn." It was instructive merely as ""proof of the hopelessness anl reckless loess" of those responsible for it; while, es an act of policy. It "is. if possible, more contemptible than it Is wicked." Tho Morn ling Herald pronounced It "an act of hlgh Jhanded usurpation," with "no legal force l.whatever." . . . Had "Mr. Davis hlm sjelf directed the course of his rival, we do not think he could have dictated a measure more likely to divide the North (end to unite the border states firmly with the South." The Post remarked: "It is scarcely possible to treat seriously of this 'singular manifesto. If not genuine, the composition would be entitled to no little praise as a piece of matchless irony." The Standard pronounced the whole thins a sham, intended "to deceive England and Europe, the wretched makeshift of a petti fogging lawyer." The Dally Telegraph ac cused President Lincoln and his advisers of having "fallen back upon the most ex travagant yet most commonplace dodges of the faction that placed them in power." Meanwhile, the more kindly disposed News pronounced the step thus taken "feeble and halting," and gave as Its opinion that the proclamation had not "the Importance which some persons in England are dis posed to attach to it." These extracts are all from the Issues of the leading London journals of a single day (October 7, 1862): but they sufficiently illustrate the tone of thought and the state of feeling In which Mr. Adams was then compelled to draw the breath of life. It was bitterly, ag gressively -vindictively hostile. The Peril of Sew Orleans. New Llppincott. The British warships first attempted to cross the sand bars at the mouth of the river, and ascend the stream, but the swift Mississippi came to meet them, and It was as If this monster, immeasurable In power know that he must defend him self. The well-handled warships could not dodgo this simple strength; even the wind refused Its holp. The river won the first action. Bat if tho British could not ascend the stream, they could destroy the small American gunboats on the lakes below the city, and this they did on December 14 with a rather painful thoroughness. The British were then free to land their troops on tho shores of these lakes and attempt to approach the city through miles of dis mal and sweating swamps. The decisive word seems to have rested with Major General Keane. Sir George Pakenham. the Commander-dn-Chief. had not yet ar rived. One of Wellington's proud vet erans was not likely to endure any non sensical delay over such a business as this campaign against a simple people who had not had the art of war hammered into their heads by a Napoleon. Moreover, tho army was impatient. Some of the troops had been with Lord Ross in the taking of Washington, and they predicted something easier than that very easy cam paign. Everybody was completely cock sure. On the afternoon of December 3, Major GeneralGabrlello Villere. one of the gaudy Creole soldiers, camo to see Jackson at headquarters and announced that about two thousand British had landed on the Villcre plantation, nine miles below the city. Jackson was still feeble, but this news warmed tho old passion in him. He pounded the table with his fist "By the eternal," he cried, "they shall not sleep on our soil!" All well-regulated authori ties make Jackson use this phrase "By the eternal" and any reference to him would hardly be intelligible unless one quoted tho familiar line. I suppose we should not haggle over the matter; histor ically, one oath is as good as another. Ocean. Tramps. Samuel A. Wood in Alnslee's Magazine. "For the benefit of the reader unfa miliar with the lingo of shipping men. It may be well to define what constitutes a tramp steamship. Briefly, It may be said that a tramp is a merchant steam vessel that -runs on no regular route, and is ready for the service of anybody who wants to pay her owner a reasonable sum to take a cargo to any port, remote or near, in the world. The owner of a tramp finds It more profitable sometimes to charter (her for a year to a line that needs her pending the building of a new chip, than to run the chance of getting a series of paying cargoes within that pe- riod. Some of tho old, slow, single-screw liners have degenerated into tramps, and even a few of the trans-Atlantlc record holders of 20 years ago or less have gone cargo-seeking in many ports. That might have been the fate of the old Gulpn steam ship Alaska (which astonished the world in 1SS3 by covering the sea space between Queenstown and New York In six days and 21 hours), if she had not boon a greedy coal consumer, and therefore too expen sive for tramp service. Above all things, the tramp must be economical in the use of coal. As the Alaska was not fit to be a tramp, and was too old. and, compara tively, -too slow for a first-class liner, all that her owners could do was to sell her for old junk, which they did last June. Previous to that she had been used for some time as a tenement in an English harbor. "The tramp tonnage runs Into the mil lions, and over half of It is under the omnipresent red merchant ensign of Great Britain. More than three-quarters of the tramps are of British build. They fly the flags of all nations, but the flag does not always indicate the nationality of tho owners of the ships. Many tramps over whose taffralls the Norwegian flag floats are owned by Americans, and some of the old sea nomads of British registry are tho property, of speculativo Yankees. Nest In order of number to the British tramps . are tho Germans, with the Norwegians a close third. Thero are. comparatively, a small number of French, Russian. Ital ian, Austrian. Swedish, Spanish, Chinese and Japanese tramps. Nearly all tramps flying the flags of the last three nation alities ara of British construction. There are very few American tramps. The pio neer Yankee craft of this sort was launched only a -year ago. She Is the Winifred, and is now doing service as a coaster for the Morgan line, plying be tween New York and New Orleans. She is tho first steamship designed In Amer ica especially for carylng eargo any where. There are other but not many tramps, flying the Stars and; Stripe. They are merely naturalized Americans, how ever. Some acquired American registry during the Spnalsh-Amerlcan War, when they wero purchased by the Government for use as transport. After the war they were sold .and their purchasers, being mostly Americans, put them under the ensign of Uncle Sam. The Winifred be longs to Miller. Bull & Knowlton. of New York, who run a line of passenger and freight ships between New York and Puerto Rico. She was built by the Bath Iron "Works Company, of Bath, Me. It was expected that she would do moat of her 'tramping between ports of the United States and those of the "West In dies and Central and South America. She Is a steel vessel of 2C00 tons, gross meas urement, and is 805 feet long over all. She is capable of carrying about 3900 tons dead weight, and is equipped with triple expansion engines that were expected to give her a speed of about 10 knots an hour, when loaded. She did not develop this speed by more thnn two knots, and her owners have sued her builders for nonfulfillment of contract. Sho is a very hot ship In the stokehold. One effect of the acquirement by the United States of new territory in the West Indies and the Pacific. American steamship men confi dently declare, will be the building of a large fleet of modern tramps, the keels of some of which are already laid." Tho Transplantation o a. Race. Appleton's Popular Science Monthly. The negroes who camo to North America . had to undergo as complete a transition as ever fell to the lot of man, without the least chance to undergo an acclimat izing process. They were brought from tho hottest part of tho earth to the region where the winter's cold is of almost arctic severity from an exceedingly humid to a very dry air. They came to service under alien taskmasters, strange to them in speech and in purpose. They had to be take themselves to unaccustomed food and to clothing such as they had never worn before. Rarely could one of the creatures find about him a familiar face of friend, parent or child, or an object that recalled his past life to him. It was an appalling change. Only those who know how the negro cleaves to an tiie dear, familiar things of life, how fond, he Is of warmth and friendliness, can con ceive the physical and mental shock that this introduction to new conditions meant to him. To people of our own race it would have meant death. But these won derful folk appear to have withstood the trials of their deportation in a marvelous way. They showed no peculiar liability to disease. Their longevity or period of use fulness was not diminished, or their fe cundity obviously Impaired. So far as I have been able to learn, nostalgia was not a source of mortality, as It would have been with any Aryan population. The price they "brought In the market and the satisfaction of their purchasers with their qualities show that they were from the first almost ideal laborers. If we compare the Algonkln Indian. In appearance a sturdy fellow, with these negroes, we see of what stuff the blacks are made. A touch of housework and of honest toll took the breath of the aborigines away, but these tropical exotics fell to their tasks and trials far better than the men of our own kind could have done. English Shrp-Bnildinjc and Trade TJnioniHm. Engineering Magazine. Undoubtedly the most striking feature of 1S89. in an industrial sense, has been the great rise in prices. The enormous difference has had the natural effect of checking the demand for new ships es pecially as the cost of working a steamer has been greatly increased by the large advances in bunker ceals and stores. Then the costs of the British builder are now much greater than they need be, by Tea son of tho restrictive action of the trade unions especially the two leading unions In the industry the Boilermakers' and Iron Shipbuilders' Society and the Amal gamated Society of Engineers. It Is true that amicable working arrangements exist between the employers and both these unions, and that since tho great strike of 1897-SS. work has gone on with un wonted smoothness. Bnt the union regula tions will not allow a maximum output to be attained, nor the fullest results to ba obtained out of machine tools. In the case of the iron shipbuilders, the restric tions, Irregular working, excessive wages and unreasonable demands of tho men are a constant cause of complaint and loss to the shipbuilders; but, as it is said that the union officials are sincerely desirous of re forming the methods of their members, it may be hoped that a change for the better may be effected without such a struggle as occurred with the engineers. What is certain. Is that, without a complete revo lution in tho labor conditions of her ship yards. Great Britain will not be able to retain her position as the premier ship builder of the world. Oar Vast ProdHCtlve Povrer. Carroll D. Wright in Gunton's Magazine. Mr. Hulhall has undertaken to calcu late the energy or working powor of the people of this country since 150. He re duces these things to foot-tons, a foot ton being a power sufficient to raise one ton One foot In a day, and in this calcula tion he finds that In 1S0 the energy of the people of the United States was repre sented by 17.31CO0O foot-tons daily, or 1020 foot-ton per inhabitant; In 1S50, S9.005.000 foot-tons, or 1240 foot-tons per Inhabitant, and in 195. 128,709.000 foot-tons, ISM foot va per Inhabitant. This shows that the collective power of our population has more than trebled s.lnce 1S60, steam power having multiplied five fold In the 35 years of his calculation; the strength being shown approximately In horse-power of steam, In 1S55, Including fixed engines, lo comotives and engines used on steam boats, at 16.940.000, or 240 horse-power per 1000 of the population. Two hundred and forty horse-power represents the energy of 1452 men supplemental to each 1000. Ac cording to Mr. Mulhall. this energy Is more than double the European average, so that It may be said that 70,000.000 of Americans represent as much working power as 150,000,000 of Europeans. The Income of a Jfeval Officer. Woman's Home Companion. On about tho salary of a young clerk an ensign of our Navy must dTess well, his wife and children must; they must live In a presentable part of any city; the children must be educated, and well, somehow. Tho very nomadism of their lives Is a great source of expense, and there Is no escape from unpaid bills, no living on from year to year in debt, as do a recog nizable number of peopla In civil life; for a tradesman has but to send his au thenticated bill to the Navy Department I and the delinquent will be curtly reminded of It through official channels; resulting In a court-martial If his shortcoming la so often repeated as to bo "unbecoming to an officer and a gentleman." But even all this sordid counting of dollars and debts seldom succeeds in subduing, cer tainly not In breaking, the spirit of peo ple naval. "Everybody knows what every body has," and this fact at once lifts orf a social burden which is responsible for half tho misery of poverty of the "gen teel" degree. Then, to, to have even a little, if that llttlo comes regularly and with absolute certainty. Is a rest In a country where leisure Is atill looked at askance. In return, however, an officer gives up his whole life, very often smoth ers his talents and ambitions, and is "on guard" every hour of his existence. Poliu recently been slaves of the white minor SST L JJSSf " we the sons of those who had must always be for the Government and remain discreetly silent in a land given over to "oratory" and In a time of ex treme individualism of opinion. John Bnnynn and Henry Romeike. Critc The office of R. H. Russell was thrown into excitement the other day by the re ceipt of a letter addressed to John Bun- yan. Esq.. In Mr. Russell's care. At first there was some hesitation about opening the letter, but after consultation It was ucciuea lO uieao. uic ocm "'" iaw.., ,- , ,ll 1 nM lor, ewic unc aMoj,, ...... . JIJt t AS Yaw AAMldAMft A have been addressed by an accident to Mr. Bunyan, the letter Inside might be intended for Mr. RusselL But no; in stead it bore the Inscription "John Bun yan. Esq., care Mr. R. H. Russell, -3 W. 23th St, City," and reed as follows: "Will you not give me an order to send you all the reviews and notices which are now appearing about your new book? My Press Clipping Bureau, wnicn reaas every n,nr of imnartane. nublishd hi the United States, and through Its European Agencies all the leading papers published in Europe, could send you day by day every newspaper article "which appears My business Is acknowledged to be tho most complete and reliable Press Cut- ting Bureau In the world, and If you give me an order, I am sure you will And my services satisfactory. I remain, yours faithfully, HENRY ROMEIKE." Enclosed in the envelope was a clipping from the Denver Republican, on "Tho Llfo of Mr. Badman." by John Bunyan, and referring also to the same author's "Pilgrim's Progress." Perhaps Mr. Rom- elke did not read the rest, and underscor ing the namo of the author, wrote a letter calling his attention to the clipping, and soliciting his patronage. I doubt, even wero John Bunyan alive at tnls day. he would patronize a press-clipping bureau He wrote because he had something to say, and not because he wanted to know what people thought about It after he had said it. "VTolnnn'a Vocation. Carmen Sylva la North American Review. With woman'a nimble fingers Awake life's beauty everywhere; Thlacs small and unregarded Beneath thy touch shall change to fair. With woman's tender insight Unsijoken eorrow understand: The watcher's achlne forehead. Shall yield unto thr cooling hand. "With woman's noble purity Be as the cnorsv-whlta lilies are; Their glowing heart shall beckon And be the wanderer's guUUcg star. With woman's strength eternal. Thy life, for other? freely given. Shall shine afar, translucent. Clear as the crystal gate of heaven. I M .ifSkk fill iff" ONDEP THE r.SEAT ARCR Si "'qrTpP 'fff-fo rf1lMr j ift&aL Vv as-' M0NUMENTAI; CATE. 3 l'fi' fall ?( Sri? !SSL &$ fn,:s concords.) 6 THE SOUTHERX QrBSTIOX. Views of Ed ward P. Clark ,in Inter .national Monthly. "At bottom this has always been a question of the relations between two races of different colors, which occupy a large portion of the country. During the past thirty years, It has become a question of the relations between whites and blacks.when both nominally enjoy equal rights in the government, and when i mora reckless were ready for violence one'' state has a majority of whites, while against 'the Paddies. Numerous schemes three-fifths of its neighbor's population "were proposed to meet the evil from burn may bo black; when. too. such a black g convents to amending the ConsUtution majority of men entitled to vote had either been in servitude. Kft siirh nmhtiim tm ovav .pfira fcoon presented In the history of the world. . . . . . .i There has never been an Instance where the two races have thus lived under a J demoeratlct form of government, in which J every roan was given the suffrage." The account of the origin and workings J of the "Mississippi plan" Is described from AT THE PARIS EXPOSITION. an unbiased standpoint, and should be read widely In the North. "In due course of time, a case involving tho constitutionality of the new Mlssis- , . !.,.. ,., rt. "'" i"a" r"" -": .c .. .. bunal. The Issue was presented in tno ... . i-m clearest possible manner, una supreme Court of the stato, In passing upon the question on Its way from the local court to the final authority, had expressly said Ua 4Vt s rvkAn 1 sr TVilV 'fvomOl ttltl r.mi ltort '-t flM f pedicnts to oDstruct the exercise of suf- frage by the Negro race making tho migratory habits and thriftless nature of I the blacks operate to disqualify them. But the State Court maintained that, so long ! , tfc.r. nn rifen-fminflMnn in trm against any race, the fact that the expe dients employed might work almost ex clusively against one race, did not make It a violation of the Federal Constitution. I The Supreme Court of the United States quoted this reasoning only to endorse It. and sustained the Mississippi Constitu tion as not In conflict with the fifteenth amendment. As for the condition by which Congress, thirty years aro. at tempted to restrict the freedom of certain states to change their fundament law. it falls of Its own weight. All states in ' the Union must have equal rights In this respect, as In every other. "Few blacks vote in Mississippi, It Is true, but few whites vote, either. The whites generally refrain from voting bo- . cause iney uo not leei inierei enuugn ( in the elections to register, pay their taxes! ana go to tne pons, ine same motives ac- count for much of the black indifference. ha3 ncver -en a time when she did not Few negroes care enough about casting coraman3 m unmistakable terms that a ballot to pay two dollars for the priv- tROse who desired to become shepherds of liege, or to refrain from moving Into an- j, flocIc should deny the flesh and give, other, county just before election day. themselves up to the higher life of self if tho fancy strikes them, at the loss of abnegation and sacrifice. There have been a voting residence. Even of those who times when, owing to the hardness of can pass the educational test, a large pro- heart and the perversity of human na portlon have concluded that tor tho pres- ture, she has been obliged to tolerate the eht neither they nor their race can gain marriage of portions of her priesthood anything by exercising the suffrage. Tho m certain countries and under certain Supreme Court has sustained the lawful- conditions; but she has always done this ness of such restrictions upon voting as unwillingly, and for the sole reason that the Mississippi Constitution Imposes, and It it would prevent greater evils. Tho life would be Impossible to show that the re- 0f chastity led by the great Teacher of strlcted right to vote thus allowed Is de- : Mankind was the. life which the Church nled to any considerable number of blacks ; ordained from the beginning as a suitable as blacks. j one for her pastors. 'The earliest succesa- "The problem presented In the middle of j ors, of St. Peter recommended the ex thls century by the flood of foreign Im- ample of John, tha beloved disciple who migration in the North for this move- i so closely resembled his master. Of the ment was confined to the North was. In- 12 whom Christ called, only Peter was a deed, novel and serious. Previously the population had been homogeneous; Its standards were essentially the same. Sud denly there was plumped Into all of the I large cities a great mass of people, of a different race, a different religion, and a different education. The existing Institu tions had not been framed for such an emergency. Many thoughtful persons doubted whether our system of. govern ment could be maintained In a eity where tho class of voters should become a large, and perhaps a controlling element. The lu tnuici, aim uvea tuiuusi i' hlblt. the exercise of the suffrage by men who had been born abroad. "The problem presented half a century ago has not yet been solved. Boston still suffers from the load of Ignorance, pov- ? L1! a fEIgn ticn, coming now from all countries of Europo weU from Ireiand. ha9 dumped upon it. New York. Chicago, and many other large cities suffer In the same way. All sorts of experiments have been tried. One thing, and one only, has been determined. This Is, that outsiders could not settle the question. The foreign cle ment has been confined to the North; ex cept for German colonies In Texas, hardly an Immigrant settled between the Potomac and tho Rio Grande. The people of the South were interested In this new problem, but they could not deal with it wisely, from the very nature of the case. For them, it was a matter of theory, of speculation, of academic discussion. To the people of the North, on the other . hand. It was a present fact, an actual sit "atton. They understood, or at least they oouW study on the spot Its various and conflicting Ingredients The wisest states. man o ne o n u - -- "" " "-" ."" r .;' a .JV" . , less fitted to deal with a thing so remote from his dafly experience than the aver age citizen of the North, who had It con stantly under his eye. A solution framed in tho South which was offensive to the , Nrtn wou'a, "V. r. " ".f ' r lo"? endured if thrust upon It against North would never have Deen accepted its will. "The North, apparently, has at last learned the same lesson regarding tha ne gro problem at the South." "Wltr Priests Do 'ot 3tarnr. Monslgnor Martlnelll In Harper's Bazar. Celibacy has b?en an Immemorial custom of the priests and bishops of the Catho lic Church, dating back to the time of the Apostles. Taking the words of. our TiT.rm T.ivrf "Thri am eunlehs who have made themselves eunlchs for the kingdom nf hKlTa.s savc: he that can receive It- ,et nlm receIve it," the Church has en- . f .,, -ellbacv on her ministers. There , married man. Tradition tells us that, not- withstanding, St. Peter followed the high er life. There have been but few pontiffs who have not legislated upon this subject. The most recent and Important utterance was made by Plus IX at the time of the Vatican council, when he stated In unmis takable terms that the celibate rule had alwaj-5 been commanded by the Holy Ro man Catholic Church from the beginning. The early church fathers record many In stances of supreme law on the subject, and testify that It -was universally com manded and taught. If not always univer sally obeyed. Since the rumor concerning the permis sion extended to the South American priests to break the. law of celibacy. It has frequently been said that the Pope had no power to rescind this established order that it would require a council of the church. This is another error growing out ef a misconception of the discipline which prevails. Leo XIII has the same power to withdraw this order that Greg ory VII had to issue it. Nothing, how ever, is more unlikely. The South Ameri can priests do not desire and have never petitioned, for such a dispensation. Through the prelates which direct them they sent their wishes to Rome last spring. A council was held in the Vatican and there It was decided to take measures to reinforce all the disciplinary regulations which have made the Roman Catholic priesthood such a power for good. It Is safe to predict that should Leo XIII Issue such . radical order, not one In 10,000 of the Catholic priesthood would take advan tage of this permission. Slow Growth of Scientific Ideas. Appleton's Popular Science Monthly. The history of the progress of the hu man mind shows, further, that the pure and simple acceptance of a scientific dls1 covery is not enough to make it produce all the consequences we have a right to ex pect from It. It must, further, Impreg nating the mind with Itself, pass, we might say, Into the condition of an Innate Idea. Chemistry, in this very matter of the discovery of the weight of the air and of the gases, presents a striking example of the accuracy of our proposition. The ponderability of the air nad been accepted by physicists for a long time, while chem ists continued to take no account of It. although, as Mendeleef has remarked, no exact Idea could be conceived, under such conditions, concerning most chemical phe nomena. It Is to the glory of Lavoisier that he first took account of this ponder ability and of that of all the gases as well. When we reflect that It was not till about 1775, or 150 years after Galileo, that this Illustrious Frenchman began to set forth those Ideas, It Is not any wonder that the discovery of aerostats was not made till toward the end of the ISth cen tury. Lalando was therefore much In the wrong when he said 'It was so simple! Why was It not done before?" It would not be just, however, to refer to the discovery of aerostats solely to the efforts of the Montgolfiers. Like all in ventors, like Lavoisier himself, these brothers, as FIguler has remarked, had the benefit of a long series of Isolated la bors, carried on often without special pur pose, by which the elements of their In vention had been gathered up. The Great EnJcrma. Cardinal Newman. I look out of myself Into the world of men, and there I see a sight which fills me with unspeakable distress. The world seems-slmply to give the He to that great truth, of which my whole being: Is so full, and the effect upon me is, in consequence, as a matter of necessity, as confusing as If It denied that I am In existence myself. ... To consider the world In Its length and breadth. Its various his.tory, the many I races of men, their starts, their fortunes, their mental alienations, their conflicts; and then their ways, habits, governments, forms of worship; their enterprises, their aimless courses, their random achieve ments and acquirements, the impotent conclusion of long-standing facts, the to kens so faint and broken of a superintend ing design, the blind evolution of what turn out to be great powers or truths, the progress of things, as If from unreason ing, elements, not toward final causes, the greatness and littleness of man, his far reaching alms, his short duration, the curtain hung over the futurity, the dis appointments of life, the defeat of good, the success of evil, physical pain, mental anguish, the prevalence and Intensity of sin, the pervading Idolatries, the corrup tions, the dreary, hopeless Irrellglon, that condition of the whole race so fearfully yet exactly described In the Apostle's words, "having no hope, and without God In tho world" all this Is a vision to dizzy and appal, and Inflicts upon the mind the sense of a profound mystery, which Is ab solutely beyond human solution. Stevenson's Description of His Wife. Critic A half-caste salloronce said: "Mr. Ste venson is good to me like my father, and his wife Is the same kind of man." King Temblnoke said of Mrs.. Stevenson: "She good; look pretty; plenty chench" (sense), perhaps they both meant what the poet Edmund Gosse'so well expressed when he wrote of her as being "so dark and rich hearted, like some wonderful wine-red jewel." But tho best tribute in her praise came from the pen of her husband: Trusty, dusky, vivid, true, "With, eyes of gold and bramble dew. Steel true and blade straight. The great Artificer Made my mate. Honor, anger, valor. Are; A love that life could, never tire. Death quench, or evil stir. The mighty Master Gave to her. Tracher, tender comrade, wife. A fellow-farer true through life. Heart-whole and soul-free. The augcet Father Gave to me. The Debt of Praise. Sir Thomas Browne. Since virtuous, actions have their own trumpets, and without any noise from thyself will have ther resound abroad, busy not thy best member in the encom ium, of thyself. Praise Is- a debt we owe unto the virtue of others, and due unto our own from all, whom malice hath not made mutes or envy struck dumb. Fall not, however, into the common prevaricat ing way of self commendation and boast ing, by denoting the Imperfections of oth ers. He who dlscommendeth others obliquely commendeth himself. . . . Su perfluously "we seek a precarious applause abroad; every good man hath his plaudite within himself; and'tbough his tongue be silent, is not without loud cymbals In his breast. Conscience will become his pane gyrist, and never forget to crown and extol him unto himself. An Empty Xest. Margaret E. SanKster In IjenUe's Monthly. Never a sign. In this empty nest Of the love that mated, the love that sung. Tba birds are flown to the East and West, And the busk of their homatead has no tongue To tell of the sweet, still summer eves. Of thi sweeter, merrier summer days; Only a neat In the falling leaves. And silence here- In the wood's dark maze. But I hold In my- hand the dainty thing, Wovea of feather and miff and reed. Once t?a8 the haven of breast and wing; And the shelter of callow and helpless need. It telle of a. passionate gladness gone; It dumbly whlsirt that love 13 best; That never a night but has. had. a, dawiw Aad I drop a kin in the empty nest. CHARLES A. DAXA, HEAD WAITER. Mrs. Sedjnvlck's Memories of Her Pleasant Time nt.BrooJc Farm. Mrs. Sedgwick la March Atlantic As I remember our meals at Brook farm, they were most delightful times for talk, humor, wit and the Interchange of pleasant nonsense. When our one table had grown Into three. Charles A. Dana, who must have been a very or derly young man, organized a corps of waiters from among our nicest young people, whose meals were kept hot for them, and they In their turn were wait ed on by those whom they had served. I" recollect seeing Mr. Dana reading a small Greek book between the courses, though he was a faithful waiter. I re member the table talk as most delightful and profitable to me. Looking back over a long and varied life. I think that I have rarely, If ever, since sat down with so many men and women of culture, so thoroughly unselfish, polite and kind to one another, as I found at those plain but attractive tables. All seemed at rest and at their best. There was no-- man, tired with the stock market and his ef forts to make or Increase a big fortune, coming home harassed or depressed, too cross or disappointed to talk. There was no woman vying with others In French gowns, laces and diamonds. The fact that all felt that they were honored for themselves alone brought out more indi viduality In each, so that I have often said that I have never seen any other set of people where each individual seemed to possess some peculiar charm. I do not recollent Hawthorne's talking much at the table. Indeed, he was a very taciturn man. One day, tired of seeing him sitting Immovable on the sofa in the hall, as I was learning some verses to re cite at the evening class for recitation formed by Charles A. Dana, I daringly took my book, pushed it into hl3 hands and said: "Will you hear my poetry, Mr. Hawthorne." He gave me a sidelong glance from his very shy eyes, took the book and most kindly heard me. After that he was on the sofa every week to hear me recite. He was one evening alone In the hall, sitting on a chair at the farther end, when my roommate, Ellen Slade, and myself were going upstairs. She whispered to me, "Let's throw the sofa pillows at Mr. Hawthorne." Reaching over the banister we each took a sofa pillow and threw It. Quick as a flash he put out his hand, seized a broom that was hanging near him. warded off our cushions and threw them back with sure aim. As fast a,s we could throw them at him he returned them, with effect, hitting us every time, while we could hit only the broom. He must have been very quick In his move ments. Through It all not a word was spoken. We laughed and laughed and his eyes shone and twinkled like stars with laughter. Wonderful eyes they were, and when anything witty- was said I al ways looked quickly at Mr. Hawthorne; for his dark eyes lighted up as If flames were suddenly kindled behind them and then the smile came down to his lips. We laughed merrily and went off to bed, vanquished, without a word. I suppose Mr. Hawthorne's face must have worn that wonderful smile, which always seemed suddenly kindled behind bis eyes, twinkled there for a second and then ran swiftly over his intensely grave face. George P. Bradford and Mr. Hawthorne had the care and milking of the cow? on the farm, but not to the exclusion of other less Arcadian labors., as la evident from the American Note Books. Mr. Haw thorne seemed to have had a rather ten der feeling for his bovine charges, ex pressing forcibly in "BUthedale Romance" his indignation at their "cold reception" of him on his return from an absence of several weeks. I remember distinctly the names of two cows. Daisy and Dolly, from the fact that Messrs. Hawthorne and Bradford were particular always to as sign to these cows adjoining stalls In the barn at night, because they fancied they detected signs of special attachment be tteen them In the pasture. I recollect also Mr. Bradford's often begging me to stop at the gate through which the long line of cows- came at evening and watch the varying and interesting expressions of their faces. The pigs, too, came in for a share of Mr. Hawthorne's attention. When, In tin following Winter, the Brook farmers, as a delicate attention, sent a yparerlb to Mrs. George S. , with whom he was then staying in Boston, thinking to please him, he raised his hands in horror and ex claimed that he would as soon think of a sculptor's eating a piece of one of his own statues 1 Will Japan Fisht Russia T Review of Reviews. There Is no particular danger of a war between Russia and England, but close observers are of the opinion that Japan and Russia may come to blows at almost any moment. Reports have emanated from Russia to the effect that a good un derstanding has been reached with the Japanese, but these reports must be re ceived with some skepticism. For several years the Japanese have regarded a war with Russia as inevitable, and they pre fer to have it before the Trans-Siberian Railway Is finished and while Japan's naval strength Is decidedly superior to that of Russia In the Pacific. The Jap anese consider themselves rightly entitled ,to Port Arthur and they aspire to domi nate Korea. Thair Influence is now very great at Pekin. They have known how to play upon the reactionary and anti European sentiments of the Dowager Em Dress of China, and it is supposed that .they are largely responsible for that lady's Tecent policy. It Is expected tnat Jap anese officers will reorganize the Chinese Army on a modern footing1, and that a firm alliance will be established between these two kindred empires. That It will be the .policy of this alliance to cultivate the friendship of England and the United. States, while opposing the Asiatic- en croachments of Russia, can readily be believed. In short, a movement by Japan against Russia at this time, when tha Muscovites want quiet In that quarter in order to make bold gains elsewhere, would be thought to point directly to a close understanding between England and Japan, if not an actual alliance. Has Manuscript or "America." CLINTON, la. S. F. Smith, former mayor of Davenport, and, a son of Samuel S. Smith, the author of "America." re cently addressed the students of the Port Byron, HI., academy. Following the ad dress, which, was of a patriotic nature. "America" was sung, and then Mr. Smith told how the song was written. He said: "It was composed by my father Tvhlle a student in Andover Theological Seminary. It was composed in half an hour late one dark afternoon, and was written on throe llttlo scraps of paper, as my father stood near the window to catch the- falling light." The pieces of paper on which tho song was written, were produced by Mr. Smith, and were shown the students, who took great pleasure it noldlng in their hands the original copy of our National ong. Mr. Smith said he had been offered as much as JSOOO for these pieces of pa per, but the offer was refused. He also stated that it is the intention of the family to ultimately give the manuscript to Har vard College, where the author was a member of the famous class of 1S29', of I which Oliver Wendell Holmes was also a member.