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THE SUNDAY OKEGONIAN, PORTlM-Ttf, SMTTAKY 28, 1900)
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JPORTLAJTO, SUXDAY, JANUARY 28.
EDUCATTOXAL TEXDEXCD3S.
Perhaps "vre have no better answer, to
pessimism than an instinct, and per
haps that is enough. A noble woman
once made answer to a. subtle casuist
'Yes, but there are some things that
are simply right"; and In that there is
a world of philosophy. So there are
Borne things the well-ordered mind in
sists on talcing for grante'd. One is that
there Is a God. Another is immortal
ity. Another Is that the end of all is
srood, and the purpose behind the uni
verse is just. Modern inductive phil
osophy has not explained these ele
Snental convictions of the mind, though
that Is not to say it never "will. The
"world is new since Darwin and Spencer
wrote, and we have not yet had time
to take our bearings. Instincts are not
to be catalogued, yet neither are they
to be set aside, and the belief in prog
ress toward a sublime goal is well-nigh
universal. Primitive man cherishes a
firm belief in the coming of a Messiah,
and the reign of goodness and peace.
The familiar traditions of the Old
"World are matched in the Hew. Hia
watha is expected on the north, and the
Mexicans recognized in the Spaniards
the heavenly messengers who were to
herald their God made flesh. These ex
pectations linger in the minds of the
most cultivated, as Tennyson voices
them:
Behold, we know not anything,
"We can but hope that pood may fall
At last, tar off, at last, to all,
And ev ry winter change to spring.
"What is to become of the viarld de
pends on what is to become of the
children; and It is therefore true that
as for the world's future no more use
ful thing can be -undertaken and no
more important thing investigated than
education. "What is going on, and is it
In the direction of higher things? Blind
faith in the triumph of good returns
a favorable answer, and it is not with
out support in contributory evidence.
Any one that has followed the recent
magazine discussions on educational
topics must have "been impressed with
the breadth of view and earnestness
of purpose manifested by our promi
nent educators. Here is a paper on
History in the February Atlantic
The author has gone back to the source
of historical achievement. He tells of
Herodotus, Thucydldes and Tacitus. He
shows tis the greatness of these men,
the reasons why they were supreme,
the reasons why they are Indispensable.
It means a great deal for modern edu
cation that its exponents apprehend the
past.
But they must do more than appre
hend the greatness of the past they
must apprehend also its limitations.
The one thing ancient history didn't
know, the thing In whose Ignorance Its
achievement is almost a miracle, is the
method of Nature, In all her fields of
development. At length science has
taught us the constructive processes
of cosmogony, from astronomy to psy
chology and sociology. At length this
wonderful machine Is uncovered, so we
can see the wheels go round and under
stand the grandeur of the, process of
evolution, now committed into the
hands of man. The wisdom of the an
cients, explained and enforced by the
discoveries of the moderns this is what
our best educators are giving us today.
Hadley has it at Yale, Ixjw at Colum
bia, Jordan at Stanford, "Wheeler at
Berkeley, Strong at the university of
Oregon. They are on fire with the sci
entific spirit, but they are guided by
the visions of the past. In this mar
riage of the classics to the newest
sciences is a sign of unquenchable
hope for the coming generation.
There is one other manifestation of
present day education that is big with
promise. It Is the rediscovery of the
body. Sanitation and the laboratory
are doing their share; and In the cur
riculum there is technical training and
there is athletics. The mind is not to
be exalted at the expense or the sac
rifice of the hand and eye. A man
needs to know what has been done In
the world, but he must be very sure to
know what he himself can do In the
world, and know how to do it. The old
way had its advantages. Sometimes
we miss the seriousness and thorough
ness that distinguished the schooling of
past days. But if we were to send our
thousands of graduates forth today
with the excellent "book-learning" that
was provided twenty-five years ago,
and with nothing more, half of
them could never earn their bread.
They must be taught to do things
with their hands. They cannot all
be teachers, or preachers, or law
yers, or doctors. Their education must
fit them for, and not lift them above,
the pursuits of trade and manufac
tures. And they must have strong,
healthy bodies. Greece has come again
In the Homeric game of foptball. It
is not to be frowned down by the sneers
of loafers and gamblers who have de
graded the once noble art of boxing.
It and its companion sports of field and
gymnasium will give us a race of men.
This is not the least promising of mod
ern educational tendencies.
The South African war thus far has
"been passing through the tentative
stage. From this time it will begin to
eettle down to a trial of resources. The
British d?xtbt care to risk the waste of
life that would follow an effort to
"rush" their enemy, but will under
take to wear him out by the slow pres
sure of superior strength. They may
not relieve their garrisons,, but it will
be practically the same If they do not.
The Boer states cannot stand for an in
definite period the pressure of force
that the British empire can put upon
them for an indefinite period. It may
make a long war, but the British em
pire can stand the strain for any length
of time, while the Boer states cannot.
COLONIZATION IN ACTION.
It may be true,' as the antls assever
ate, and as Mr. Benjamin Kidd with
more reason maintains, that white men
cannot live in the tropics. If It Is true,
it has no bearing on the course we must
pursue in suppressing the Tagal insur
rection, though it will have some bear
ing on our subsequent programme in
the Philippines. But such information
as comes to us from the Oregon colony
in Xrtizon indicates that perhaps in this
as in everything- else the antls are
wrong, and Mr! Kidd defective in his
premises.
Oregonlans in the Philippines seem In
the main busy and hopeful. Mr. Taille
Is running the postal department In .
first-class style; Mr. Anderson is mak
ing a fine record as superintendent of
schools; Ed "Wetzler is assistant postal
superintendent; Charley Weed is a
clerk in Anderson's office; Harry Lewis
Is president of the Manila chamber of
commerce; George Duval is a clerk in
the custom-house'; W. C. Johnston is in
the quartermaster's department; Frank
Coyne is a customs inspector; Charles
Cull and James Maddy are partners In
the paint huslness; Harry Aldrich Is In
a drug store; George B,eichweln Is In
charge of the Army and Navy Club;
Arthur Bodley is in a grocery store;
Fred Coleman has a merchandise store
at San Fernando; Claude Nash Is keep
ing books; Dr. Albon Is practicing med
icine; Budd Chapman is a brick con
tractor; Charley Franklin and W. A.
Gourley are In the postoffice; Bay
Green gets $200 a month representing
the peace commls'slon; and so on.
Some of these boys are better off than
they were at home. Some of them, who
had no apparent future In a country
town, have had their eyes opened and
their wits sharpened by travel and ob
servation. Some of them, who never
did a day's work In their lives and won
dered what they were good for anyhow
have been made men by the discipline
of army life, and have seen the vision
of a career before them. Nothing but
this war and the shaking up it gave
them would have taught them the one
thing without which nobody Is any use
in this world and that is how to work.
Good for them and their folk at
home, this colonization Is also a good
thing for Luzon. There, on the border
of the Old World, whence our Aryan
race took up its westward march be
fore the dawn of history, is planted a
bit of the newest life of the New
World. There, in contact with bar
barism of a staQp older than the life of
Abraham, is set a fragment of the lat
est civilization of the nineteenth cen
tury. These sons of Oregon pioneers
are a curious refinement of westward
progress. As the American colonies
drew, from the venturesome and inde
pendent spirits of Spain and France,
England and Holland, so the Oregon
immigration drew from the still rest
less, ambitious sons of the Western re
serve, the settlers of Iowa and Illinois
and the Kansas Immigrants. The
names of Northmen and Briton, Frank
and Teuton, are mingled In these new
Asiatic chronicles. It has taken a. long
time for -the circuit of the globe to- be
completed; but it is almost done; and,
the work these uregon Doys are auuw
In the Islands of the Pacific is to sow
and tend the seeds of civilization ma
tured by the culture of all lands from
Babylonia and Thebes, Hellas and
Home, down to the capitals of the mod
ern world. German patience, French
enthusiasm, .Irish wit, "Viking stead
fastness and British love of law we
have sent In the hands of these Ameri
can volunteers to the people of our
newest province of the New World in
the confines of the Old. Their part in
that upbuilding is sure to be useful;
and If they do their full duty it may be
glorious.
A LIBERA! - SllNDED EPISCOPAL
BISHOP.
Phillips Brooks . did not preach in
vain, for he has left a bishop behind
him in the Episcopal church Jn Massa
chusetts that inflexibly refuses to be In
tolerant and bigoted to please some of
his stupid clergy and lay communi
cants. The Episcopalians recently
founded a church in Cohasset, one of
the resident suburbs of Boston, on the
coast of Massachusetts bay, and the
corner-stone waslald December 8, 1899,
by Bishop Lawrence, of the Protestant
Episcopal diocese of Massachusetts. On
that occasion the rector, Rev. Milo H.
Gates, placed among the corner-stone
documents a hfstbry of the old Congre
gational church of Cohasset for 150
years, which was written by Rev. W. R.
Cole, pastor of the old church; and he
also asked Mr. Cole to speak a few
words, which Mr. Cole did. The bigots
discovered that Mr. Cole was a Uni
tarian, and that his church was a Uni
tarian church. These provincial bigots
at once called a meeting, at which
Iwenty-six affrighted Episcopalians
made a most lugubrious protest to
Bishop Lawrence at his dereliction of
duty. Here is an extract from the let
ter, which would hardly seem to justify
the expectation of Justice Brewer, of
the United States supreme court, that
before the twentieth century is com
pleted there will he only one Christian
church; that is, that not only all ortho
dox Protestant denominations will be
come fused into one church, but that
the Church of Rome and the orthodox
Protestant churches will become one.
Here is what these clerical and lay
Episcopalian bigots of Massachusetts
say to their bishop:
"We ask you, our reverend father in God, to
listen to our distress and. to respect the reelings
of those of your own people who cannot help
regarding such an action on your part as pass
ing all the bounds of charity and true liberality,
and as amountingto a compromise of faith by
our proper representative, a recognition of Uni
tarian denials and an Insult to God the Father
and to his eternal Son, Jesus Christ, our
Savior.
There Is, sir, in your diocese, a strong,
earnest, devotional feeling tor Christ, Let It be
called sentiment, or love, or the Christian con
sciousness, or by any other name, it was
planted by the Holy Ghost, it Is nourished by
the church and her 6acranents, 4t is deepened
and strengthened by the many personal spirit
ual experiences of "human life. This devotional
spirit you have grievously offended. We. hear
tily wish the' sad occurrence had neer taken
place. We still hope you had Eorae good reason
to justify it. But the act was a public act.
It was published: in the dally papers. And now
we astk you as as our muhop and father In
God, to give -us some publlo assurance, In such
way as -you deem bcst,"that you sympathize
more with the loyalty of our devotion than
with the liberality of those who have tiot our
faith to defend, and that you believe the Uni
tarian conceptions of God and of Christ to be
false and .inconsistent with the faith you rep
resent, and If we may be so bold, we ask' you;
whatever your own opinion may be, to respect
this devotion and not trample It under your feet.
This letter will excite the derision,
the contempt and compassion for the
writers on the part of Christians of all
denominations, for the authors and
signers of this exceedingly silly and
stupid protest would have been just as
severe "had the minister of the old
church of Cohasset been an orthodox
Congregatlonallst, a Baptist orsa Meth
odist. But Bishop Williams, of, the
Episcopal diocese of Massachusetts, is
a man who stands to" his guns, and In
his clear and vigorous answer says:
For nearly two centuries the Christian relig
ion, as the pastor and the people of Cohasset
have understood It, has been preached and
practiced In the village. God has been wor
shiped, the name of Christ revered and o. Chris
tian community upbuilt. Had they Waited for
the Episcopal church we should have found
there last week a community of heathens. Now
that the Episcopal church Is entering the vil
lage, how graceful a thing It was that the pas
tor of the yirst church, instead of meeting it
with hostility of a moody silence, should have
been present at the laying of the corner-stone
and have welcomed the church Into the fruits
of the labors of the ancient parish I I trust
that you will feel how huppy It was that the
rector of Christ church, instead of affirming
to the people that the faith and polity of the
churches of Cohasset for nearly two centuries
has been false or Imperfect, and that how the
true faith and church had come here, ihould
have offered Jthe opportunity to the pastor of
the First parish to glvo his gracious words of
Welcome.
Bishop Lawrence is a full man and a
gentleman from the ground up; which
Is far better than to have been a
mitred bigot, as he would be if he
s mpathized with the absurd protest
of some of his clergy and lay commu
nicants. It was often said during Colo
nel Robert G. Ingersoll's life that there
was no need of him, because the big
otry and intolerance he satirized had
become obsolete. It has not become
obsolete, as this correspondence be
tween the bishop of Massachusetts and
his clergy attests. Churches peopled
with such provincial minds as these
will always be subjects for justifiable
laughter and popular contempt-
BRYAN.
Because he was not elected president,
Mr. Bryan thinks very 111 of his coun
try. It Is a placej he says, where "the
young man, as things are going now,
can only hope to be a poor clerk for
some monopoly." It Is a strange utter
ance for a man to make who pretends
to the wisdom and character requi
site for the highest political honor in
the world. It Is addressed to the baser
instincts of the mind, discontent with
a humble lot and rage at those better
off. It Is neither patriotic nor helpful,
and, what is of more consequence, it
is not true.
To 4be a poor clerk Is not the worst
thing that can happen to a man. He
might, for example,- descend from an
honest clerkship to be a demagogic agi
tator, or an apostle of anarchy? It is
not clear, either, that Mr. Bryan him
self occupies a pinnacle of achievement
so high that Its natural relation to a
clerkship is one of commiseration. He
was an actor, and members of his com
pany say he was far from being a good
one. He was a lawyer, but the long
and laudatory, biography of him that
lies before us makes no mention of any
practice or any verdicts. He was an
editor, but Ieftno Impress on journal
ism. He enlisted In the war, but If he
accomplished anything or gave evi
dence of being able to accomplish any
thing, the proof Is not forthcoming.
In all his speeches, delivered almost
incessantly . since he was 12 years old,
there is no sign that he has made a
single contribution to the sum of hu
man, knowledge or shed a single ray of
light upon the problems that engage
the attention of thinking men. The me
is no evidence that if he lost his re
markable., voice, any business firm in
the country, monopoly or otherwise,
would have use for his services as a
clerk, or for anything "but to walk
their floor as an advertisement.
But with his limited qualifications
for success, Mr. Bryan Is himself a liv
ing monument to the falsity of his doc
trine. He is making money hand over
fist. He Is the best-advrtlsed man In
the country. He considers that nobody
but himself has any business with the
democratio nomination for the presi
dency. Yet he was a poor boy. He be
gan life on a farm. Under the republi
can party, which he denounces; under
the gold standard, which he cannot un
derstand, his rise to prominence and
affluence has been undisturbed and un
impeded. His la a common experience.
Mr. Carnegie Is just now telling us that
he was reared' in poverty. Senator
Perkins was reared on a farm; Senator
Fairbanks was born on a farm; Sena
tor Beverldge was a newsboy, Speaker
Henderson came to America as the
6-year-old child of poor Scotch immi
grants; Senator Hale was a Maine
country boy; Senator Wellington had
to be put out to work whea he was 12
years old; Senator Nelson came with
his parents from Norway at the age
of 6; Senator Clark, the Montana multi
millionaire, was born on a farm and
worked on farms and in mines till he
was 30; Senator Thurston struck
Omaha on foot, with only a dollar In
his pocket; Senator Galllnger was horn
on a farm; Senator Sewall was a poor
Irish boy, and came to the New World
In his childhood Senator Butler was
born on a farm, and his mother was his
teacher; Senator Foraker was born on
a farm; Senator Hanna began life as a
grocery clerk; Senator Pettigrew was a
laborer at 21; Senator Foster was a
poor school teacher; President McKin
ley was a poor man; Secretary Gage
almost starved to death before he could
get a job in Chicago; Secretary Root's
father was a teacher, and he had his
own way to make. Take our merchant
princes and our eminent professional
men, our college presidents and out
great manufacturers, and. you wljl find
them to be not brought up In rich
men's houses, but the children of the
poor, who did not -bewail their fate In
having to work, When most of these
men began their career, a poor clerk
ship was something they were very
glad to get. ,
But Mr. Bryan, If he has his way"i
will fix It so there shall be no poor
clerks, but only well-to-do proprietors.
How wil. he do this? One way Is by
free coinage of silver. That means
financial ruin and national dishonor.
Another way Is by turning tall In the
Philippines. That Is a craven policy no
red-blooded American will approve.
Another way is by declaiming against
trusts, and this Is something anybody
can do and everybody Is doing. How
to control the trusts, how to crush mq
nopolles, Mr, Bryan doesn't know, and
he is the last man in the world that
is likely to find out. We can't haye.
free trade. We can't have free silver.
We can't destroy the trusts wl.th rhet
oric and elocution. This can only be
done with well-considered legislation,
which 'partisan cries have nothing to do
with. The only thing left for Mr, Bryan
Is "to inflame the prejudices-of the un
successful and the discontented -which
Is the last resort of ' thelunscrupulous"
demagogue. t ' 5g v i
HERO-WORSHIP AT ITS LOGICAL
END.
Washington correspondents are busy
with the details of the "ruction" in
society circles of the capital city over
what one of them very fitly designates
the "fool question of precedence." Ef
forts to transpose the term, "army
and navy," so that the officers of the
sea arm of the service will rank those
p the military arm, have thus far
proved futile. Notwithstanding the
brilliant achievements of the navy in
the late war and the elevation of Ad
miral Dewey to a pedestal at the foot
of which hero-worshipers by the thou
sands flock and fawn, the term "navy
and army" Is too unfamiliar to fall
glibly from the nation's tongue and
nothing less than this and the prece
dence at official and social functions
that It signifies will, it Is said, be ac
cepted by the female relatives of the
admiral.
Gossips have made much of the fact
that neither Admiral Dewey nor his
wife was present at the dinner given
by the president to the diplomatic
corps on the evening of the 17th of
January, and, though the plea of the
sudden Indisposition of Mrs. Dewey was
entered as a reason for their absence,
the general understanding and belief
is that this same "fool question" caused
them to remain away. As the pro
gramme was arranged, they were to
walk behind General and Mrs. Miles on
that occasion, and this, it is asserted,
Is just what Mrs. Dewey declares she
will never do. The navy was given pre
cedence on New Year's day, and .the
brilliant and ambitious woman whom
the admiral has married does not In
tend to take a retrograde step In this
matter. The president will receive in
honor of the army and navy on the 14th
of February, when it is understood that
a strong stand for precedence will be
made by the newly constituted -head of
the navy.
Secretary Porter has decided this
momentous question In favor of the
army. Being called upon In his capa
city of "buffer" for this administra
tion to decide the matter, he cited the
fact that the war department was es
ablished long before a separate organ
ization for the control of the navy was
thought of, and upon this" citation he
based the decree that places the gen
eral of the army and his wife at the
head of the ofilclo-soclal column. This
is not a new question. It Is, Indeed,
old, so old that people generally wonder
that the intelligence of the nation, as
represented In official circles, has not
outgrown It. This, however, should not
be considered strange. The, ego in of
ficialism, as In everything else, Is pam
pered by fawning and Increased emolu
ment. Having grown by what It has
fed upon, It was never more rampant
or more demanding at the court of the
republic than now. It is unreasonable
to expect our heroes to rate themselves
lower In the scale of greatness than
they are rated by their worshipers. We
exalt them literally to the skies for the
acceptable performance of the duties of
their station, pose the women whom
they marry at the zenith of their fame
as the most envied and enviable of
their sex, -and then exclaim In wonder
or reproach when these take on the airs
of royalty and forget the maxim of
true gentility and senslbllty compre
hended In the Injunction "in honor pre
ferring one another." This is unrea
sonable, and the American people can
depend upon iUthat as long as they
do not discriminate 'between patriotic
pride and fulsome adulation in their
treatment of their heroes, the discus
sion of this "fool question of prece
dence"wlll be given unseemly promi
nence in the social life that buzzes
about1 the ears and hangs upon the
skirts of officialism. We can scout the
fact if we will, but, having pampered
and fed and paid for it, It is ours as
much as though it had descended to us
through generations of royal blood. It
is merely an example of the fountain
rising to the level of its source.
THE CRY OF THE DREAMER.
John Ruskin, who has just been borne
to. the grave, will never be forgotten
as a master of most eloquent, poetio
English prose, but as a thinker his m"
fluence Is already dead, although he
wrote on every great subject with en
tire self-confidence and gigantic ego
tism. He Inherited a million of dollars;
was widely read; splendidly educated,
so far as a scholastic training stands
for education; was'a man of rare gen
ius In his mastery of words, and yet
today artists repudiate his art system;
art critics rate him low; geologists
repudiate his theories of geology; po
litical economists think him crazy, and
theologians are doubtful of his sanity;
His praotlcal experiments at benefi
cence failed because he could read
everything but human nature; he as
sailed railroads; was the Implacable
enemy of labor-saving machinery; he
could not see that railroads alone could
enable a worklngmau to procure the
discipline of cheap long-distance travel;
he could not comprehend that labor
saving machinery has lifted the level of
labor for the toller; that In the country
where It Is most used the position of
the workingman is highest.
The clear explanation of Buskin's
failure as a practical social reformer
and statesman is that while the man
fondly believed he was a philosopher,
a political economist, a statesman, a
theologian and art critic, he was really
nothing but a man of very rare and
fine genius as a descriptive poet. What
he called scientific thought was noth
ing but the cry of a dreamer, of a gifted
descriptive poet, born to great wealth,
Who had been carefully educated for
ceaseless dreaming, not for .rational
doing. As a descriptive prose poet of
great genius he is one of the Immor
tals of English literature, but as a solid
thinker; on any of the -vftai questions
of modern social, polltlcaf or scientific
life, Ruskin has no more rank than our
own Hawthorne, Wendell Phillips or
Thoreau, Personal benevolence, per
sonal purity, spiritual refinement, po
etic imagination, fine mastery of words
.all these men-had, but their quality is
that of the gifted, dreamers-rather than
the great doers of this world.
Something of moral inspiration and
appeal such poetic-minded men haye,
even as had Carlyle, a glgSntlo egotist
of splendid imagination, bjut, quite as
impracticable in his utterflack of s the
quality that fits a man to do the work
of a Burke, a Franklin, a Fox, a' Wash
ington, a Hamilton, a Marshall, a Web
ster or a Lincoln. Intense moral sen
timent and a passion for reform will
not make a statesman, and men who
stand for the cry of the dreamers
rather than the doers" are not long re
membered as thinkers, except wfien
they are men of poetic imaglriatlon, too,
and then they have more or less tran
sient fame because of their charming
eloquence, not because of their thought,
which Is generally visionary or their
capacity for government, which Is gen
erally without wisdom or vigor. Some
men of pure life and purpose govern
wretchedly, while some men whose
character, like that of Franklin, Fox
and Webster, Is not witho'ul scars In
flicted by sing of the blood if not by
sin of the spirit, always govern well.
The Continental congress sent Franklin
to Europe as agent of the colonies, in
spite of a well-knowii blemish on his
private life, because he was known to
possess the public talents, the tact,
temper, integrity and patriotism, inval
uable for the public duty given him
to discharge. So "the great English
statesman, Fox, was implicitly trusted
as successor to William Pitt as prime
minister in a most critical period of
English history, although he had been
In his youth and even mature manhood
a reckless gambler and a spendthrift.
So with Daniel Webster, of whom his
biographer, Mr. Lodge, confesses that
"he was a splendid animal a3 well as
a great man; he had strong pas
sions and appetites, which he Indulged
at times to the detriment of his health
and reputation." Lodge's criticism Is
not perhaps unjust from the standard
of abstract moral justice, but in our
judgment a man of the physique, tem
perament and public career of Frank
lin, Webster and Hamilton should be
fairly measured by their peers, men of
action, of worldly work and ambition.
Who can tell but the great searcher
of all hearts whether these men, meas
ured, by their lives of public conflict
with animate human nature, by their
enormous opportunities and atmosphere
of worldly temptation, did not make
as good a fight as men like Ruskin,
Hawthorne and Thoreau, who kept
their virtue unspotted from the world
by avoiding all contact or conflict with
the world tha' lives and breathes and
fights and yells in the warring rival
ries of business and politics?
The moral of all .this Js that moral
judgments passed upon men who are
always doers and men who are never
anything from the cradle to the, grave
but dreamers, must always In justice
and charity be comparative. Some
men are born with armor on, while
other men are born to a temperament
that is a temptation, to circumstances
that are full of militant malarial Influ
ences against absolute spiritual and
moral refinement of character. Surely
no man will pretend that the scientific
and philosophical pursuits of a Spen
cer, a Darwin or a Huxley, or the de
votional atmosphere of- a Newman or a
Martlneau are as full of temptation to
organize and Inflict wrong as those of a
Cromwell, a Napoleon or a Bismarck.
Circumstances do mould men. It Is
less difficult for an Idealist, shrinking
shyly from contact with his fellows;
for a religious mystic and poet, a de
vout recluse and critical dreamer of
moral, literary or scientific quality, to
do right than It Is for a man who from
youth up has always had to face the
temptations and buffet the waves of
the stormy stream of life.
BASELESS CLAIMS.
Thursday's telegraphic columns con
tained a copy of the resolutions adopted
by the National Board of Trade, favor
ing the Payne-Hanna shipping bill.
Like every proposal In which merit Is
lacking, misrepresentation Is used In
order to make the desired showing. In
this case, the misrepresentation may
have occurred through Ignorance; for,
reading between the lines of the resolu
tions, there is certainly a lack of
knowledge of the subject displayed.
The first resolution calls attention to a
"lamentable decline In our merchant
marine in the foreign trade." Further
down the list a resolution says: "The
enormous decline In our ocean mer
chant marine Is due to the lower wages
paid abroad, and to the subsidies paid.
by foreign governments," Great Britain
alone, according to document No. 470,
miscellaneous series, issued by the Brit
ish government In 1899, paying last
year 13,266,380 in postal subsidies, and
$233,005 additional to the same lines in
naval subventions."
The ships which receive the heavy
postal subsidies mentioned do not prop
erly belong In the "merchant marine"
class. The vessels which today are
carrying the bulk of the ocean com
merce of the world are the tramp
steamers and the sailing vessels,
neither of which are receiving any sub-
sldles from the government whose flag
flies from their mastheads. Great Brit
ain's merchant marine, which, accord
ing to the resolutions mentioned, Is car
rying such a large proportion of the
world's commerce, is 'an unsubsldlzed
marine. British, merchant vessels trade
the. world over, and are frequently
away from their home ports for years
at a time, shipping crew after crew
at the same wages as American, Ger
man, French, or any other vessels pay
for men. The Payne-Hanna bill makes
provision for about the same subsidy
as Is paid by the French government,
and herein the plea of lower wages Is
not entitled to consideration. A vessel
now loading in Portland will receive
from the French government a sum
sufficient to pay all wages of the crew
In full for the round trip from St. Na
zalre to Portland and return, so that
the French owner has no wages to be
considered In operating his vessels.
The natural inference drawn from
the statement that "we pay the for
eigners 5200,000,000 per year 'for carry
ing our freight" would be that this was
a direct present to the shipowner, when,
as a matter of fact, we pay that sum
(presumably $200,000,000) in return for
$200,000,000 worth of service rendered.
If the sum was excessive, and paid un
reasonable profits to the owners, Amer
ican capital could seek no more pro
ductive field for investment than in
ships. That the payment of a, bounty
or a subsidy by any government Is pro
ductive of an unnatural condition of
business, is shown by the working of
the French subsidy act. A Greenock,
Scotland, shipowner, In the last Issue
of London Falrplay, writes as follows;
It Is. noteworthy that, whilst British sailing
ships are gradually disappearing from the
ocean, our neighbors across the channel are
thanks to the large building and sailing boun
ties which they receive from a pate'rnal gov
ernmentsteadily Increasing their fleets, both
by purchase and building. One result of this la
to be seen In the fact that out of IT vessels
Whoso names 'appear In the overdue list at
present elx fly thft French jlay, thrse. of then
being coal laden from Swansea to San Fran
cisco (which trade 13 being rapidly monopolized
by Frenchmen), two being In ballast for As
toria, one from Limerick; and one from St.
Nazaire tho navigation bounties earned per
mitting of such voyages being undertaken un
der conditions which would spell ruin to Brit
ish shipowners.
The British shipowner asks no sub
sidy for the operation of his merchant
marine. He is content to go into the
freight markets of the world with his
ships, and, trusting to his long experi
ence and perfect knowledge of the
business, he will make It pay. It is this
superior knowledge, born of experience,
together with the lack of opportunity
for profitable investment in other di
rections, which have given the Britisher
control of the ocean commerce of the
world. It Is the same knowledge of the
business that has enabled Arthur Sew
all, William H. Starbuck and a few
other Americans to pile up colossal for
tunes without the aid of subsidies, and
to sail their ships In any part of the
world, In direct competition with the
British ships. The acquisition of this
same kind of knowledge and experience
will enable other Americans to do
equally as wfelL as -the few men whose
actual work gives the 11& to all who
assert that the American merchant
marine cannot float on Its own bottom
unaided by subsidies. The American
shipping subsidy will do just what the
French subsidy is doing; that is, create
an unnatural trade condition. In which
the few will profit at the expense of
the many. The farmer feeds the world,
and the farmer pays the freight; so, If
he Is the man to reap the benefit, give
It to him In the shape of a direct
bounty, Instead of a subsidy which Is
certain to fall into the hands of a few
Shipowners and shipbuilding syndi
cates. Matters of recent American history
appear to be given over to "black-smlths"-by
the Chicago Tribune, which
recently announced that? the late Con
federate General D. H. Maury was a
member of "the most famous class"
that ever graduated from West
Point, that of 1846, which Included
Generate McClellan, Couch, "Stone
wall" Jackson and Pickett. Any
body familiar with General Cul
lom's "Register of-West Point" knows
that the most famous class that
ever graduated from West Point, meas
ured by the number of soldiers of dis
tinction found in Its ranks, was the
class of 1841, which included Generals
Wright, Tower. Whipple, Howe, Lyon,
Garesche, Brannan, Hamilton, John F.
Reynolds, Richardson, R. S. Garnett,
Richard B. Garnett, Buell, Brooks,
Samuel Jones, Anderson, Plummer,
Sully, John M. Jones. There were a
half-dozen classes more famous than
the class of 1846, measured by the av
erage military distinction won by its
members. The class of 1840 Included
Sherman, Thomas, Getty, Ewell. The
class of 1S42 Included Rosecrans, Long
street, Newton, A. P. Stewart, Pope,
Doubleday, D. H. Hill, Van Dorn, Mc
LaWs, Sykes, R. H. Anderson. The
class of 1853 Included Sheridan, Scho
fleld and Hood.
The principal opposition to free rural
mail delivery comes from the employes
of fourth-class postoffices, whose oc
cupation would be endangered by the
success of the system This is not at
all surprising, and, since every petty
postmaster has a political pull, the op
position Is quite formidable. In the ag
gregate, these officials constitute quite
an army of occupation, so to speak, and
their Influence Is strongly felt by rep
resentatives in congress, by the depart
ment, and even by the president him
self. The embattled fourth-class post
masters, therefore, may be considered
the most formidable obstacle which
rural postal delivery has met. It is, In
fact, a veritable "kopje" which must
be successfully stormed before further
progress Is made in that direction.
The West Virginia case adds another
to the many evidences that the time
for popular election of senators has
come. Montana and West Virginia, by
their elections; Pennsylvania, by its
high-handed appointment; Delaware,
Utah and California, by their dead
locks and vacant seats, supply all the
arguments required on the score of
practical needs. It Is time that the
legislatures were relieved of the work
they are doing so ill, and given oppor
tunity to attend to the business of
lawmaking.
Two hundred and seventy violations
of the pure-food laws of New York
were discovered and prosecuted last
year. In the face of the probability
that many times that number of vio
lations were undiscovered the pure
food authorities of the state feel
greatly encouraged, and advertise ex
tensively the fact that they are in the
field for service this year, doubly
armed for effective duty as stomach
patrol for the people, in vigilance and
experience, In detecting spurious foods.
Under the present administration cir
cumstances have forced upon us a
friendly policy toward Great Britain,
which other circumstances may at any
time reverse. Yet because this has hap
pened under a republican administra
tion, democrats feel that they must hold
the administration responsible for that
friendly policy and censure It for it.
This is the real reason for the pro-Boer
activity on the part of the antls. The
pretense of sympathy with struggling
republics need deceive no one.
When the funeral service over Gen
eral Wauchope, of the Highland bri
gade, was held, after his death in bat
tle at Magersfonteln, the pipers played
"Lochaber No More." When Colonel
Cameron, who commanded a Highland
regiment at Waterloo, lay dying of his
wounds on the battle-field, the piper of
the "Cameronlan Highlanders" played
"Lochaber No More."
The demand of the pro-Boer meeting
last night for a proclamation from
President McKinley as to the status of
neutral traders In the Transvaal war Is
not very relevant. The belligerent pow
ers declare their purpose In these mat
ters, just as we did at the outbreak of
our war with Spain.
Fears of subjugation and slavery to
follow British occupation seem strange
in view of the, near proximity to us of
the British North American possessions
w'lth their free and orderly government.
"What has become of our winters?"
a Chicago paper asks. It is a proper
question to ask at Chicago, when, an
open winter; occurs. But In Oregon we
have no winters.
TO ARMSt.
I.
Now let the cry. "To Arms! To Armsr
Go ringing round, the world-, ,
And swift a -wave-wide empire swarma
Round battle-flag unfurled!
Wherever glitters Britain's might,
Or Britain's banner flies,
Leap up mailed myriads with ttie Ught
Of manhood In their eyes; "
Calling from farmstead, mart and strand,
"We come! And we! And welt
That British steel may hold tho land.
And British keels the seal"
II.
From English hamlet, Irish hill,
Welsh hearts, and Scottish byres.
They throcff to show that they are still
Sons worthy of their sires;
That what these did. we still cam do.
That what they were, we are.
Whose fathers fought at Waterloo,
And died at Trafalgar!
Shoulder to shoulder, seer them stand.
Wherever menace be.
To guard the lordship of the land;
And Trident of the sea.
IT
HI.
Nor In the parent isle alone
Spring squadron! from the ground;
Canadian, shore and Austral asne
With kindred cry resound:
"From shimmering plain, and snow-fedstream.
Across the deep no come.
Seeing the British bayonets gleam.
Hearing the British, drum.
Foot In the stirrup, hlft In hand.
Free men. to keep men free.
All. all will help to hold tho land.
While E nc land guards the sea!"
IV.
Comrades In arms, from every shore
Where thundereth the main..
On to the front they press and pour
To face the rifles rain;
To force the foe from covert crag.
And chase them till they fail.
Then plant forever England's flag
Upon the rebel wall!
What! Wrench the scepter from her hand.
And bid her bow the knee'
Not while her yeomen guard the land.
And her Ironclads the see!
Alfred Austin In London- Telegraph.
THE MAX WITH THE HOE.
The Other Side.
Lo, here I stand, the Independent man,
The flrst of men, who won, when Time waa
young.
By strength of arm, from Nature's niggard
grasp.
And needful things for those who looked to me.
And down the logging ages subtle nrates
Have multiplied Inventions numberless.
Evil and good, but nono to supersede
My trusty hoe. While thrones have risen and
gone
To darkness. It shines brighter than of yoro
When forged by Tubal-caln.
Te bookworms pole.
Why point at my slant brow and rugged hondst
Why wonder at my shoulders bent and wry
When on mo rests the. burden of the world
With your own feeble selves? Great Atlas L
Kings, nobles, millionaires, all hang on me,
I, self -sufficient, have no need of them;
They, should I leave them. sooc. would starra
and die.
Ye pinched and pent In cities, look, at met
I breathe the dewy freshness of the earth
in open fields resounding with the song
And jubilance of bird and beast while ye
Jostle each other In the smoke and grime
For leave to labor at the beek of gW.
To herdllng fools, come out where there Is room.
Make howling deserts laugh with runntus
brooks.
Turn pathless woods to green rejokslnp fields;
Lot the vast lonesomo plains with cheerful
homes;
Workfor yourselves Uvo healthily, content.
On your ovm land's productions. Doing thus.
The last curst anarchist will pass from earth.
Eric Duncan In. Montreal Witness.
THE 3IAD MAID'S SOSQ,
Good-morrow to the day .so fair.
Good morning, sir. to you;
Good morrow to mine own torn hair.
Bedabbled with the dew, x'.4, a
Good morning to this primrose, too.
Good morrow to each maid
That will with flowers the tomb bestrew
Wherein my love Is laid.
Ah! woe Is me. woe. woe is met
Alack and well-a-dayl
For pity. Bir, find out that bee
Which bore my love away.
Til seek, him In your bonnet bravo.
I'll seek him In your eyes;
Nay. now I think they've made his gravo
I th bed of strawberries.
I'll seek him there: I know ere this
The cold, cold earth doth shako him
But I will go, or send a kiss
By you, air, to awaka him.
Pray, hurt him not, though he be dead"
He knows well who- do love him.
And who with green turfs rear his held.
And who do rudely move htm.
He's soft and tender (pray take heed).
With bands of cowslips bind him.
And bring him home!1 fiut 'tis decreed
That I shall never find him.
Robert Herrioli.
WO DD3 GOErTTER MCHT SIXD, WAL
TEN GBSPEXSTEU.
Where gods are not, ghosts reign. When Phoe
bus fled
Forth from his laurel-girt Parnassian shrino
.With, hollow shriek, that shivering o'er tha
brine
Thrilled through earth, air, the news that Pan
was dead;
Dragons and demons reared their obscene head
From,fanes oracular, fierce serpentine
Hissings, In lieu of Pythian runes divine.
Poured on the night perplexity and dread.
Thus, In the temple of mun's mind, when faith,
Hope. love, affection, cods of hearth and
home,
tt. -unniohArf- -writhe dim sibilant desire
-Phantasmal superatltitlons, hist the wraith
And greed the vampire-, spniaiujw ueuua um
room
Through ruined brain cells, ringed with fret
ful Ares. . . M
J. A. Symonds In the Academy.
GOD'S PltESEAXE WITH HIS PEOPLB
When Israel, of the Lord beloved.
Out from the land of bondage cams.
Her father's God before her moved.
Aa awful guide, In smoke and flams.
By day, along the astonished lands
The cloudy pillar glided slow;
By night Arabia's crimsoned sands
Returned the fiery column's glow.
ThU3 present still, though new unseen.
When brightly shines the prosperous day,
Be thoughts of thee a cloudy sereen.
To temper the deceitful ray.
And O, when gathers on our path.
In shade and storm, the frequent night.
Be thou. long-suffering, slow to wrath,
A burning and a shining light.
Sir Walter- Scott.
LIXES.
When the lamp la shatter d,
Tho light In the dust lies dead
When the cloud Is scattered
The rainbow's glory la shed.
When the luto Is. broken.
Sweet tones are remember d not;
When, the lips have spoken.
Loved accents are soon forgot.
As music and splendor
Survive not the lamp and the lute;,
The heart's echoes render
No song when, the spirit Is mute
No song but sad dirges,
Like the wind through a ruux'd cell
Or the mournful Bursts
That ring the dead seaman's knell.j
Shelley.
IX" THE CATHEDRAL.
The city's burning heart beats far outsldo
This dim cathedral, where tho mystle air
Vibrates with voices of Impassioned prayer
From generations that have lived and died.
Calm saints, despairing" sinners, here hove cried
To heaven, for mercy; myriad Uvea laid bars
Their secret places, yielding" to Christ's care
The burden, where His sacraments abide.
Soft from the Jeweled windows falls the light.
Touching the Incense-laden atmosphere
To glory, while a deep antlphony
Rolls from tho organ- to the arches' height.
To soul and sense a Presence ltveth here.
Instinct with power of Immortality
Kathariao Coolldge In Atlantic Monthly,