June 21, 2000
Page B3
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(O b s tru e r
Glosario
Glossary
13 de mayo de 1981 - May 13.
1981
Arizona con México - Arizona
with México
carácter simbólico - symbolic
character
congregación - congregation
demandar un salario mínimo de
100 dólares-dem anda mínimum
salary o f 100 dotlars
El Servicio de Inmigración y
Naturalización — The Service o f
Immigration and
Naturalization
en el apartamento de una amiga
- in the apartment o f a frien d
e sc u e la s p ú b lic a s - p u b lic
schools
fin de semana - end o f week
fu g a - escape
guardar - guard
Iglesia y los cristianos - Church
and the Christians
la incorporación de 250 agentes
e in v e stig a d o re s -
th e
incorporaron o f2 5 0 agents and
Investigators
la instalación de cámaras de
video - the installation o f video
cameras
La oficina federal - The federal
ofiicial
La policía provincial de Buenos
Aires - Theprovidenceof Buenos
Aires
la Virgen de Fátima - the Virgin
ofFatim a
la l 'irgen p o r la protección - the
l'irgin fo r the protection
las aulas - the classrooms
las m asivas deportaciones -
massive deportations
las tareas - the task
los agentes de inmigración - the
immigration agents
los rancheros locales - local
ranchees
participación en el crimen -
participation in the crime
pontífice en el sa n tu a rio -p o n tiff
in the sanctuary
raíz - root
su p e ra r las d ife re n c ia s -
overeóme the differences
una estrategia global - a global
strategy
una visiónprofética - a prophetic
visión
venida - return
Huelga
de
m aestros
agudiza
se
Quito (AP) - Las reuniones entre
autoridades del Gobierno y dirigentes
de los p ro fe so re s no log raro n
acuerdos que permitan poner fin a un
paro nacional de más de dos meses,
que mantiene sin actividad escolar a
los estudiantes de 23.000 escuelas
públicas.
El pasado fin de semana una reunión
entre los dirigentes de la Unión
N acional de E ducadores y los
ministros de Educación, Roberto
Hanze, y de Bienestar Social, Raúl
Patino, no pudieron superar las
d ife re n c ia s que im p id en la
reanudación de las aulas.
“Debe ser un acuerdo de voluntades
en el cual el gobierno tiene que
deponer su actitud prepotente en
contra de la UNE y sus dirigentes”,
dijo Samuel Vargas, de la Unión
N acio n al de E d u cad o res. Los
profesores públicos están en paro
desde el 15 de mayo para demandar
un salario mínimo de 100 dólares.
El encargado será el cardenal
Joseph Ratzinger, prefecto de la
Congregación para la Doctrina de
la Fe (antes Santo Oficio)
Ratzinger estará acompañado por el
prelado Tarcisio Bertone, secretario
de esa congregación.
El texto se conocerá un mes y medio
después de que el cardenal secretario
de Estado vaticano, Angelo Sodano,
anunciara en Fátima (Portugal ) que el
tercer secreto está relacionado con el
atentado sufrido por Juan Pablo 11 en
la Plaza San Pedro del Vaticano, a
manos del terrorista turco Ali Agcael
13 de m ayo de 1981, y con la
protección que la Virgen de Fátima
ha d ado al P apa d u ran te su
pontificado.
Sodano hizo el anuncio el pasado 13
de mayo, tras la beatificación por
parte del sum o p o n tífic e en el
santuario luso de los pastorcillos
videntes Francisco y Jacinta, acto al
que asistieron unas 700 mil personas.
El purpurado, que habló en nombre
del Papa, dijo que el texto era una
visión profética comparable a la de la
Sagrada Escritura, que no describe
con sentido fotográfico los detalles
de los acontecimientos futuros, sino
que sintetiza y condensa sobre un
m ism o fondo hechos que se
prolongan en el tiempo con una
duración no precisada.
Porello, indicó, laclavede la lectura
ha de ser “de carácter simbólico”.
“El Papa me ha encargado haceros un
anuncio. El objetivo de su venida a
Fátima ha sido la beatificación de los
pastorcillos. Sin embargo, quiere
atribuir también a esta peregrinación
un nuevo gesto de gratitud hacia la
Virgen p o r la protección que le ha
dispensado en su pontificado. Es una
protección que parece guardar
relación con la llamada tercera parte
del secreto de Fátima”, dijo.
El cardenal añadió que la visión de
Fátima tiene que ver sobre todo con
la lucha de los sistemas ateos contra
la Iglesia y los cristianos y describe
el inmenso sufrimiento de los testigos
de la fe del último siglo del segundo
milenio.
Interpretando a los pastorcillos, “y
confirmado recientemente por Lucía”
(la única vidente aún viva) -dijo el
número dos de la Santa Sede-, el
“obispo vestido de blanco (que
mostró la Virgen a los niños durante
las apariciones) y que ora por todos
esel Papa”. "Tambiénél,caminando
con fatiga hacia la Cruz, cayó a tierra
como muerto, bajo los disparos de
arma de fuego”, agregó.
Summit
vows
to
strengthen Democracy
A ssociated P ress
CARTAGENA, Colombia — Amid
military rumblings and questioned
elections in Latin America, a regional
summit avoided criticizing specific
countries while pledging Friday to
d isp e rse the “ dark c lo u d s”
threatening democracy.
“We begin a new century committed
to consolidating and strengthening
representative democracy,” said the
Cartagena Declaration, a statement
signed by the 15 presidents from the
19-nation Rio Group gathered in this
walled Caribbean seaport.
Democracy is the only legitimate
political system, and a prerequisite
fo r
“peace,
sta b ility
and
development,” the document said.
In concluding its annual two-day
summit, the Rio Group also urged
world financial bodies to promote
sound economic policies in Latin
A m erica
w ith o u t
fu rth er
impoverishing the poor.
But the most sensitive summit topic
was what Mexican President Ernesto
Zedillo called the “dark clouds”
hovering over democracy.
A lthough elected civilians have
replaced generals in presidential
palaces around Latin America in the
past two decades, recent events show
dem ocracy is not solidly rooted
everywhere in the region.
Last m onth, officers staged an
unsuccessful coup in Paraguay and
President Alberto Fujimori o f Peru
won a third consecutive term in
balloting marred by serious fraud
allegations.
In January, a military uprising toppled
Ecuador’s president and last year
former coup plotter Hugo Chavez took
office as president of Venezuela.
Colombia is mired in drug corruption
and a 36-year leftist insurgency. And
Mexico holds presidential elections
July 2 amid charges that the ruling
party is using dubious tactics to
preserve its seven-decade hold on
power.
“Before, our region was synonymous
with dictatorship, with strongmen,
w ith hum an rights v io la tio n s,”
P re sid e n t F ern an d o H enrique
Cardoso o f Brazil said Friday. “Now
we have a chance to ensure that will
never happen again.”
Aspirations aside, it was unclear
whether the Cartagena meeti ng would
lead to any concrete actions to
strengthen dem ocracy in Latin
America.
T he su m m it fo llo w s a re c e n t
emergency meeting o f the region’s
top diplomatic body in which the
Organization o f American States
rejected U.S. demands for sanctions
against Fujimori. Latin American
governments are traditionally loathe
to criticize one another, considering
it an infringem ent on national
sovereignty. While urging softer loan
terms from international lenders, the
summit did not act on a proposal to
create a new regional body to partially
su p p la n t
th e
c o n tro v e rsia l
International Monetary Fund.
Many critics blame budget-cutting
policies demanded by the IMF of
cash-strapped governments for the
region’s gaping rich-poor gap.
In attendance at the Cartagena sum m it
were the presidents o f Rio Group
nations: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia,
Colom bia, Costa Rica, Ecuador,
Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, the
Dominican Republic, El Salvador,
H onduras, Peru, U ruguay and
Venezuela.
Instalarán un muro de acero en frontera
Por Juan Carlos Chávez
Miami.- Los esfuerzos por frenar el
flujo de indocumentados en la línea
de Arizona con México se van a
incrementar a tal nivel durante las
pró x im as sem an as que las
a u to rid a d e s
an u n ciaro n
la
construcción de un muro de acero de
cuatro ki lómetros y la implementación
de novedosos sistemas de vigilancia
fronteriza. El Servicio de Inmigración
y Naturalización (INS) señaló que el
fo rta le c im ie n to de la p o lític a
migratoria responde al impresionante
aumento del tráfico de ilegales y a las
masivas deportaciones producidas
en esa parte del pais, que sólo en los
tres primeros meses del año reportó
más de 75 mil indocum entados
V
repatriados.
La oficina federal agregó que las
m edidas de control incluirán la
incorporación de 250 agentes e
investigadores a la Patrulla Fronteriza,
la instalación de cámaras de video
con detectores de alta densidad, la
compra de unidades de transporte
todo terreno y el desarrollo de un
sistem a de ilum inación de alta
tecnología con lámparas móviles y
estacionarias que facilitarán las
tareas de reconocimiento.
Para fin a le s de se tie m b re los
funcionarios del INS esperan el
incremento de hasta un 65% del nivel
de seguridad, como parte de una
estrategia global que pretende cerrar
el llamado Corredor de Arizona, y
gestionar paralelamente una nueva
im agen de los a g e n te s de
inmigración, que deben combatir a
las bandas de tra fic a n te s de
indocum entados, pero al mismo
tiempo tienen que mantener bajo
control a los rancheros locales,
como los hermanos Bamett, que a
punta de escopeta capturan a los
indocumentados que se internan en
sus tierras.
Sin embargo, expertos en cuestiones
migratorias aseguran que las políticas
de frontera entre Estados Unidos y
México seguirán fracasando debido
a que no existe un plan integral de
desarrolloe inversión capaz dealiviar
las presiones económicas y laborales
de los campesinos.
As Mexicans Vote, Taboos Are Broken
•Electorate Now Accepting o f
Divorced Candidates, Women
MEXICOCITY For the first time in modem Mexican
history, it is possible that the next president will be, in
the words o f a recent newspaper column, “single and
available!” The main opposition candidate, Vicente
Fox, is not only single. He is divorced.
But the ruling party candidate, Francisco Labastida
Ochoa, goes him one better. Not only is he divorced
and remarried. He has acknowledged he fathered an
out-of-wedlock daughter by a third woman.
All this in conservative, ultra-Catholic Mexico, and
without a breath o f scandal.
“ It’s a reflection of the new kinds o f families that exist,”
said Patricia Mercado, president ofDiversa, a lobbying
group for women’s rights. “Even though this is the first
time that we could have a nontraditional family in the
presidency, Mexican culture is accepting this as
natural.”
The marital status o f the presidential candidates is not
the only groundbreaking phenomenon in Mexico’s
2000 presidential and parliamentary election season.
The media have dubbed candidates’ wives and
daughters “Mexican Hillarys” for their aggressive
campaigning, unprecedented in a nation where political
spouses traditionally have been seen but seldom
heard. Record numbers o f women are seeking elective
office themselves. And presidential candidates— in
the midst of the most fiercely contested campaign in
seven decades— are courting the women’s vote as
never before.
This represents dramatic change in Mexico, where
women won the right to vote more than three decades
after their counterparts north o f the border, where the
military agreed only this year to open its ranks to
women and where machismo still dominates business,
political and social life.
Although women remain a small minority in the political
realm, in the last few years they have seized some of the
most prominent positions in the country: mayor of
Mexico City, presidents o f two o f the country’s three
most dominant political parties and foreign minister. In
the coming elections, nearly 30 percent ofthe candidates
and alternates seeking seats in the Senate and Chamber
o f Deputies are women.
But perhaps nothing is more indicativeof social change
in Mexico than the issue— or nonissue—o f the top
candidates’ marital and family status. Fox, the candidate
ofthe right-of-center National Action Party (PAN), has
been divorced for years and shares custody o f his four
children. Labastida, candidate ofthe ruling Institutional
Revolutionary Party (PRI), is divorced from his first wife
and has been married to Maria Teresa Uriarte de Labastida
for 14 years. He also has openly addressed the issue o f
a 20-year-old daughter from a relationship with a woman
to whom he was never married.
Uriarte said that even 10 years ago it would have been
unlikely that the Mexican public would have voted a
divorced man into the presidency. “But now people are
more accepting o f universal values than personal or
cultural values,” Uriarte said in an interview at her
cam paign office, where the walls are lined with
photographs o f her appearances with indigenous Mexican
women’s groups.
Although divorced people represent only a small fraction
o f the Mexican population, the number o f divorces
recorded by the government shot up 177 percent between
1980 and 1996, the latest year for which figures are
available. And the percentage of households headed by
womenjumped 22 percent in the 14 years between 1976
and 1990. In large cities, women now head one o f every
four households, statistics show.
Mexican culture has long tolerated mistresses at every
level o f society. Some past presidents have openly
flaunted their lovers while in office as their wives suffered
humiliation in silence. The practice among politicians
and other Mexican husbands o f maintaining a “little
house” for their mistresses was curbed only in recent
years— not because o f feminist outcries, but as a result
o f an economic crisis that left many men unable to afford
accommodating mistresses in the styles to which they
had become accustomed.
So Fox revamped his campaign strategy, concentrating
more on women’s groups and tailoring his proposals. But
in Mexico, women also tend to be less educated and have
lower incomes than men, particularly in rural areas where
the ruling PRI has its most solid base o f support and
where the im balance between the sexes is most
pronounced.
While Rosario Robles was serving as deputy mayor o f
Mexico City before she was appointed to the top position
when Cuauhtemoc Cardenas stepped aside to run for
president, men on the city council all but ignored her.
She finally lashed out at them: “Do you think we women
are invisible? That we don’t count and that we have
contributed nothing to the economic, political and social
life o f this country?”
. I • 11 ' . •' 1
Piense. Su hijo es inteligente,
saludable y encabeza la lista
para ir a la universidad. Le
encanta la trayectoria que su
c a rre ra h ^ to m a d o . Está
haciendo muchas de las cosas
que planeó y hasta otras que po había planeado Vivir
la vida en plenitud es fácil cuando tiene una familia que
lo respalda American Family Insurance. Llame ahora
mismo y platique con nuestros agentes amables.
sted tiene una familia que lo respalda
Comprobará por qué constantemente nos mantenemos
en el rango A+ (Superior) según A. M Best, la autoridad
en la punctuación de agencias de seguros. Después,
vaya. . . sueñe , planee Usted decida lo que haga
enseguida; nosotros estaremos aquí para ayudarle.
Toda La Protección Bajo Un M ism o Techo. ¡ E S S É W S t i í
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