P a g e 12 • P o r t l a n d O b s e r v e r
B la c k H is t o r y M o n t h
• F e b r u a r y 1 4 ,1 9 9 0
B lack H istory M onth • F ebruary 1 9 9 0
1790 - 1860
1793
1797
1800
Negroes helped Dr.
Rush give medicine
to yellow fever
victims in Philadel­
phia.
North Carolina
asked for return of
Negroes freed by
Quakers. Congress
said "NO.
* the COTTON GIN
INVENTED - A
machine thaqt
speeded the process
of separating cotton
from seed, a new
industry in the South
was born - and the
demand for slave
labor increased.
• SOJOURNER
TRUTH bom.
lecturer, abolitionist,
heroine.
1794
St. Thomas Negro
Episcopal Church
founded in Philadel­
phia.
1796
Zion Methodist
Church founded in
New York City.
There were over 1
million Negroes -
20% of the popula­
tion.
• GABRIEL PROS­
SER led a thousand
in an unsuccessful
revolt; hanged.
Others were
imprisoned or
hanged.
1810
John Brown bom, in
1856-59 fought for
abolition.
CASSIUS M. CLAY
born, emancipation­
ist.
• NAT TURNER
born, led a revolt
1831, 99 blacks and
66 whites killed.
TURNER was
hanged.
1812
1804
1800
The AMERICAN Revolution and the COTTON Revolution
Ohio passed law
prohibiting the
restricting of
movements of
Negroes.
1807
IRA F. ALDRIDGE
born, one of the
greatest Shake­
spearean actors of
his time.
1808
Congress prohibited
further importing of
slaves.
MARTIN DELANY
bom, Army major,
newspaper editor,
author, physician.
• JOHN JOHNSON
died, Navy hero in
war of 1812.
1820
* Missouri Compro­
mise - states north
of Missouri free -
south, slave.
1821
Colony of freed
slaves started in
Liberia.
1827
1813
Henry W. Beecher
bom, promoter of
equal rights.
1816
Andrew Jackson
attacked a Florida
fort held by 1,000
slaves and sent
them back to
slavery.
1834
HARRIET TUBMAN
born, an ex-slave,
became “conductor"
on Underground
Railroad.
Slavery abolished in
New York State.
Slavery abolished in
British Empire.
* In Cincinnati,
blacks set up school
for themselves.
1835
Second Seminole
Ware - 500 slaves
recaptured.
1837
Elijah Lovejoy killed
by mob for publish­
ing anti-slavery
material.
1827
First Negro newspa­
per, FREEDOM'S
JOURNAL.
1830
Census showed
3,777 blacks owned
slaves.
1839
John Quincy Adams
defended success­
fully before U.S.
Supreme Court
slave revolt on slave
ship Amistead.
1847
1841
BLANCHE K.
BRUCE born, first
Negro elected to a
full term in U.S.
Senate.
WILLIAM LEI-
DESDORFF, hotel
builder in San
Francisco.
* JAMES
TOWNSEND bom,
legislator.
LEWIS TEMPLE
invented harpoon.
1848
1853
First Negro YMCA in
Washington, D.C.
* First novel by U.s.
Negro -- Clotel by
WILLIAM WELLS
BROWN.
1854
1849
1842
“Separate but equal*
doctrine established
when suit for school
integration is
rejected in Boston.
HIRAM R. REVELS
born, Senator.
1845
Republican Party
formed by Whigs,
ex-Democrats, and
Free Soilers who
opposed slavery.
1854
Scientific attack on
racism by FREDER­
ICK DOUGLASS,
publisher, abolition­
ist.
Fugistive Slave Law
established bounty
on returned slaves.
* NORBERT
RILLIEUX'S vacuum
pan revolutionized
sugar refining.
Uncle Tom's Cabin
published by Harriet
B. Stowe.
1850
1852
CHARLES W.
CHESTNUTT bom,
novelist.
1858
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1857
AUGUSTUS TOLON
born, first black
American Catholic
priest.
42868
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MAGNAVOX
GRANVILLE T.
WOODS born,
inventor.
Dred Scott Decision
opened new territory
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denied citizenship to
blacks.
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BOOKER T.
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born, moderate
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Kansas-Nebraska
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mise. If new states
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1856
Wilbeforce Univer­
sity founded by
Methodist Episcopal
Church.