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PORTLAND OBSERVER
ll« P S 959-680-85 5
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Volume XIII, Number 43
August 10, 1963
25C Per Copy
p*Natu»t C'a . k t / »
■■■■■■■■■■■■■M i
Reagan's war posture
spurs Chad conflict
If youva notlcad soma whita shapaa on our
»treats and sidewalks thia weak and wondered
what they were.. .they're "shadows." a graphic ra-
mlndar of the destructive power of nuclear
weapons.
(Photo: Richard J. Brown)
Artists leave grim reminders
on Portland sidew alks
U .S. intervention in the 17-ycar
civil war in the small Central African
nation, Chad, threatens to expand
into a full-scale war. In an effort
that is admittedly directed more at
confronting
Libya's
M uam m ar
Khadafi than at aiding Chad's
current president, Hissan Habre.
President Reagan sent two A W AC S
surveillance planes, eight
F-15
fighters and ground support to the
Sudan where they will be used to
survey activity in Chad.
The first shipment o f arms from
the United States reportedly arrived
in Chad on August 4th. 30 shoulder-
fired anti-aircraft misailes along
with three U .S . training personnel
are part o f $23 m illion in emergency
military aid promised to Habre by
Reagan. According to the Wall
Street Journal, the shipments of
arms, much o f which has already
been delivered, includes rockets,
anti-aircraft
equipment,
radios,
rifles, am m unition, clothing and
food.
The U .S. aid is a direct affron t to
the Organization o f African U n ity,
which asked for an end to outside
intervention. A special committee,
which met July ISth and 16th,
recommended a permanent com m it
tee to seek conciliation. The mem
bers of the permanent committee
are Libya, Niger. Nigeria, Congo,
Central African Republic, Cam a
roon, Senegal, Togo, Guinea and
Benin.
£
Chad, a land-locked nation in
Central Africa, is approximately
three times the size o f Texas but has
a population o f only 4.3 million.
The population is divided into 11
m ajor and 192 minor ethnic groups.
Fifty-tw o percent o f the people
are Muslim and live mainly in the
northern two-thirds o f the country,
an area o f shifting sand that will not
support cultivation. About 43 per
cent follow African traditional reli
gions and 2 percent are Christian.
They live in the southern portion,
where cotton farming predomi
nates.
Chad is one o f the poorest nations
in the world. Cotton is the only cash
crop and there is no industry.
Chad became a French protec
torate in about 1900 and was made
part o f French Equatorial A frica in
1910. It gained independence in
by Robert Lothian
M any Portland residents may
have been surprised and intrigued
on finding painted shadows on street
corners and near public gathering
places early Saturday, August 6.
The ghost-like human and animal
forms were painted in the dead o f
night as a reminder o f the 38th
anniversary o f the destruction o f
Hiroshima, Japan by an atomic
bomb on August 6 ,1 9 4 3 .
According
to
Donna Orund
Slepack,
coordinator
of
the
"Shadow Project,” people caught
within 300 yards o f the epicenter o f
the Hiroshima blast were instantly
vaporized. Their images, in various
states o f life activity, were x-rayed
onto streets, sidewalks and build
ings, leaving permanent reminders
o f the horror o f nuclear war.
"T h e Shadow Project is a solemn
memorial to the first victims o f
Hiroshima and Nagasaki," said
Slepack. " O u r intention was to
create an image o f what would be
left after a nuclear w a r."
Over 200 volunteers, including
many artists, and 11 organizations,
participated, the said, leaving 2,000
shadows — families, cats, dogs,
horses and bicycle riders — in places
frequented by the public throughout
Portland.
Teams of four spread out through
city neighborhoods, working from
2:30 a.m . to 3 a.m . Shadows were
applied with plastic patterns and a
non-permanent mixture o f chalk
and latex which easily washes away.
" O u r intention was not to alter the
urban landscape, while nuclear war
would destroy i t ," said Slepack.
M ike Russo, speaking for Port
land artists, said the Shadow
Project was "a dramatic and graphic
way to call attention to important
issues. 1 think artists have a respon
sibility to do th a t."
" A lot o f the vitality of art de
rives from the fact that artists are
very doee to the human condition,
and very involved with the moral
values o f society," said Russo.
Those who took part in the Shadow
Project were all artists, if only for a
night, he said, and they connected
with a tradition o f social criticism in
art which includes Daum ier, Goya
and Picasso.
Picasso's "O u e m ic ia ,” for in
stance, which depictj the horror o f
the first mass bombardment o f a
civilian population by Nazi war
planes attacking a Basque village
during the Spanish C ivil W ar, "is a
fantastic human statement against
w a r," he said.
" I am very proud to be identified
with this project, which is carrying
on in that tra d itio n ," said Russo.
Slepack said the Shadow Project
succeeded through an effort o f
artists and volunteers. Organiza
tions participating, she said, includ
ed Female Arts, a feminist post card
company. Performing Artists for
Nuclear
Disarmament,
National
Lawyers O uild, Women's Interna
tional League for Peace and Free
dom, Disarmament Media Network,
and Northwest W orking Press.
" I was just overwhelmed by the
response o f the com m unity," she
said. "T here were 200 new faces.
For some, this is the first time they
are actively expressing themselves
about the arms race." One person
was taken into custody, she said,
and 15 misdemeanor citations were
issued.
Peter Janke, o f P A N D , Perform
ing Artists for Nuclear Disarm a
ment, said the Shadow Project was
one o f many events around the
Northwest commemorating H iro
shima Day. A Eugene man. Charles
O ray. began fasting as part o f the
international Fast for L ife. There
was a demonstration and march
from Seattle's federal building, and
in Vancouver, B .C ., anti-nuclear
activist D r. Helen Caldicott ad
dressed a meeting o f the W orld
Council o f Churches. In Berkeley, a
human circle joined hands around
the campus o f the University of
C alifornia to protest the university's
role in nuclear weapons production.
(See related story on Page 4, Col. J J
Hands linked around the federal
building for atomic anniversary
by Chuck Goodmocher
“ W e must say N O to our govern
ment! N o more Nagasakis!" And
we must drastically "reorder our
priorities!" These are the words o f
Joanne Oleksiak o f Northwest
Action for Disarmament (N W A D )
speaking before a cheering crowd o f
several hundred last Tuesday in
Terry Shrunk Park. A few minutes
later the crowd moved across the
street to join hands and entirely
circle the federal building in remem
brance o f the victims o f the atomic
bomb at Nagasaki, August 9, 1943.
The gathering was more than just
a commemoration o f America's
past mistake and Japan's victims.
Indeed, one speaker, Ron Quigley,
reminded us that there are also both
American and Korean victims o f the
Nagasaki bomb. Both U.S. and
Korean prisoners o f war were
brought in by the Japanese govern
ment to help clean up the bomb's
devastation.
Chuck Bell reminded the crowd
that in order to stop any more
Nagasakis from happening again,
we must all work for nuclear dis
armament now. Halting the start-up
o f a plutonium producing plant (for
nuclear
warheads)
nearby
at
Hanford, Washington, is a priority
for N W A D .
I960
A civil war has raged since the
middle 1960s. In 1979, General Felix
M alhoum fled the country, leaving
it divided between the two leaders of
his opposition — President Gouboum
Queddei and
Defense Minister
Hissan Habre. in December of 1980,
Habre went into exile in Sudan (a
close ally o f the U .S .) and Queddei
retained control with the aid of
Libyan
troops.
W hen
Libya's
troops withdrew in 1982, Habre re
turned with his army and overthrew
Queddei, who fled to Camaroon.
The conflict resumed recently
when Queddei captured the northern
city o f F aya-l angeau on June 23rd
and it was recovered two weeks later
by Habre. The situation was exacer
bated by the deployment o f 2,000
Zairian troops and several aircraft
on behalf o f Habre. (Zaire was used
by the U .S . to intervene in Angola.)
On August 4th, President Reagan
congratulated Zaire’s M obutu Sese
Seko for his action and asked
Co ng fess to increase aid to Zaire to
151.8 m illion.
France has also sent military aid
and advisors to Habre under a 1976
defense pact with its former colony,
but has refused to send troops or air
support.
Spokesmen for Libya, which is
backing Queddei, say Libya believes
the people o f Chad should be free to
choose their leader. Libya, which
borders Chad, does not want Chad
to become the site for U .S. military
bases like Sudan and Egypt.
The U.S. admits it has no strategic
interest in Chad. W hite House
spokesman Larry Speakes said,
"T h e United States has a strong
strategic interest in assuring that
Khadafi is not able to upset govern
ments or to intervene m ilitarily in
other countries as is currently hap
pening in C had.”
Washington's provocations against
Khadafi have been numerous. Naval
maneuvers o ff the coast o f Libya in
1981 resulted in the destruction of
two Libyan jets; C IA reports o f a
Khadafi plot to kill Reagan and
(Continued on Page 2, Column 6)
Salvation Army
needs emergency
food donations
Judges name Miss Tan 1983
O n Sunday, August 7, a cheering
audience, at the Portland A rt Muse
um, witnessed the crowning o f
Tracey Clay as the new Miss Tan
Portland. Tracey, a junior at P o rt
land State University, brought a
near capacity crowd to tears as she
sang “ A House Is Not A H o m e ,” in
the talent competition. Tracey, 20,
is an active member o f the Youth
Sound Ensemble and a new addition
to the Tim e Sound Ensemble. She is
the daughter o f Shirley Nanette
Clay. “ I just can't believe I won.
Everyone was so goodl” Miss Clay
said after receiving her crown.
First runner-up and Miss Perso
nality was Judi Adams, daughter of
M arian and Steven Adams, Second
runner-up and Miss Congeniality
was Rhonda Cabine, daughter of
Betty and Monroe Cabine. Miss Tan
1983 will receive a Modeling Schol
arship from G loria LaVonne Finish
ing and Modeling School, a w ard
robe from Nike and Fred Meyer, a
charm pendent from Stevens and
Son, a jade and diamond ring from
The
King's
Ransom,
a
gift
certificate from the House o f
Sound, make-up from Cora Smith's
Cobi Collection, a gift certificate
from Butch Coors H air Design,
cash and many other gifts totaling
over $1.300.
The 18th annual event was hosted
by jazz artist (iene Diam ond, Anise
H all and Cota Smith, and was spon
sored by the Jimmy Ban Bang
W alker Youth Foundation.
Canned and packaged foods,
soap and infants' clothes are just
some o f the emergency services
items needed immediately by the
Salvation Arm y in Portland.
That's the word from Cascade
Division Commander Lt.-Colonel
David P. Riley, who said items con
tributed by the public will be distri
buted "rig ht aw ay" by the Salva
tion A rm y's four Portland-area
family service centers.
The centers are located at 1620 SE
Hawthorne and 3430 N . M oore in
Portland, at 39 N E Fourth in
Gresham, and at 372 N E Lincoln in
Hillsboro.
An average o f 33 metro-area
families receive Salvation Army
food baskets each day, Riley noted.
Foods high in protein, canned or
frozen fruits and vegetables, soups
and juices would be most welcome,
as would home-grown goods. Riley
added.
Persons who wish to donate items
can bring them to the nearest or
most convenient Salvation Arm y
fam ily service center. For more in
formation call 234-0823.