■ rs
f 'r a n c A8 S c h o » n -? .'e s 3 ;s p ir
U n iv e r s ity
o f O re - r t
L ib r r /
Observer Achievement Awards
July 10 - Please see page 2
W ho is the
PLO?
oise
excels
Page 1
UJ
LU
A Jewish point of view
Section I Page 2
Holmes
vs
Cooney
Page 10
PORTLAND OBSERVER
June 17,1982
Volume XII, Number 36
25$ Per Copy
Tw o Sections
USPS 959-680-855
Are these wars really necessary?
*1
Argentine junta fails
by A ! M c C ilberry
A rg en tin a is in tro u b le. This
beautiful country is now being led
down the road o f indirection by the
military with no game plan.
The country's inflation rate is one
o f the highest in the world; their bal
ance of payments to the world bank
and other lending institutions is sec
ond to Poland; yet the generals
chose to stop negotiations with the
British and occupy the Malvinas Is
lands, (called the Falkland Islands
by the British). The generals need to
gain national support and tried to
achieve it by getting the population
to ra lly around for takin g the is
lands back fro m the B ritish who
took it from them 152 years ago.
A nalysis
The British were also having do
mestic problems. Unemployment is
high in the lower class areas, and the
conservative government is doing
the same as the Reagan government.
They are cutting back on services
Israel's aim in Lebanon
and programs established under the
old Labor Government.
M rs. M argaret Thatcher, Prim e
Minister o f England, needed to gain
public support when the Argentine
generals invaded the M a lv in a s /
Falklands. She retaliated by sending
troops to the area to reclaim those
tiny islands and save its 1600 British
subjects from Argentine rule.
W hy does B ritain need these Is
lands? C o lo n ialism is dead. W hy
spend millions o f dollars to fight a
war when people need food to eat?
Why spend millions to occupy lands
so useless and have supply lines
thousands o f miles away from four
borders?
W hen the jo y o f victory is over
and the dead and wounded are
counted the people will say, “ Was
this war necessary?" T he A rg en
tines and the British need to take a
good look at themselves. They are
destroying each other’s economy for
ego and positions. They are living in
the past. The world has passed them
by. W hen w ill leaders learn that
wars only change things for the mo
ment and sitting across the table ne
gotiating is the only way.
Ayers leaves Jefferson High
D r. L a rry A yers, p rin c ip al o f
Jefferson
H ig h
School,
has
announced that at the end o f this
school year he w ill tran sfer to
another assignment. Ayers has met
with com m unity criticism because
o f his fund raising efforts for Bob
Jones U n iv e rs ity , a college that
discrim inates against Black stu
dents.
Ayers com pleted his do cto ral
studies at Oregon State University
and previously was assigned to
Jackson and Adams.
No announcement has been made
regarding Ayers’ new assignment.
by Osama Dum ani
Pacific News Service
W h at th e w o rld is witnessing in
Lebanon is the awesome use o f m il
itary violence by Israel to reverse a
disadvantageous political balance o f
forces.
In the past few years, the Pales
tine L ib eratio n O rg a n izatio n has
won the most important battle— le
gitimate leadership o f the Palestin
ian people, as well as international
recognition o f its demand for an in
dependent Palestinian state on the
West Bank and Gaza.
A t the same time, Israeli actions
in the West Bank, Gaza and South
Lebanon have been condemned by
the in ternational com m unity, thus
increasing Israel’s isolation d ip lo
matically and politically.
Meanwhile, Begin’s government,
beset by increasing economic and
political crises, periodically is called
in for a vote o f confidence, and each
time it succeeds by a narrower m ar
gin. Neither the ruling coalition nor
the Labor Party has had any viable,
workable policy concerning the Pal
estinians.
This situation has left the Israeli
leadership w ith two alternatives:
They must acknowledge and accept
a minim um o f Palestinian national
rights— an o p tio n which the old
guard in Israel looks upon as the
very negation o f the central meaning
o f their state's existence. O r, they
must deliver a blow to the P L O
which will terminate its significance
as a viable political force in the M id
dle East.
For the P L O to recover from such
a blow organizationally, politically
and d ip lo m a tica lly w ill take a few
years— as happened after the beat
ing they received in Jordan. This will
buy time for Israel and the United
States to again m a n u fa ctu re the
semblance o f a solution which, like
the C am p D avid Accords and the
plan o f Saudi Prince Fahd, w ill be
no solution at all for the Palestin
ians.
Hence, the Israelis invaded Leb
anon shortly after A riel Sharon vis
ited Washington to confer with the
Reagan Administration. For several
m onths, Israel had been building
troop concentratins on its borders
w ith Lebanon in p rep aratio n for
such an invasion. This was at a time
when the P L O was not shelling Is
raeli settlements, and months before
the attempted asassination o f the Is
raeli ambassador to Britain.
W hat, then, are the Israeli aims,
and how do they hope to achieve
them? T o deal a crippling blow to
the P L O , the Israelis w ill have to
physically wipe out the P L O leader
ship, and as many arms-bearing Pal
estinians as they can. In order to ac
complish this end, their military op
erations in Lebanon must approach
genocide. F or when the Israelis
threw the Palestinians out o f Pales
tine and into Lebanon in 1948, the
refugees were fo rcib ly placed in
camps just outside m a jo r m arket
towns in South Lebanon, in Beirut,
in the Bakaa Valley and, to a lesser
extent, in N o rth Lebanon. Since
then, the Palestinian population has
increased at a rate estim ated at
The target of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon. A young Palestinian
child holds the symbols of peace and reeistance.
(Palestine Perspectives photo)
among the highest in the w o rld ,
w hile the area reserved fo r the
camps has scarcely changed.
Moreover, this same 30-year per
iod has seen a dram atic population
increase and urban expansion all
over Lebanon. C onsequently, no
demarcation line now exists between
the Palestinian camps and the cities
near which they were originally lo
cated. The sprawl o f the cities sim
ply envelops the camps.
Palestinian Fighters have emplace
ments in m ore rem ote m ountain
areas, but they also live w ith their
fam ilies in the camps. W h a t this
means, therefore, is that for the Is
raelis to go in to Lebanon to liq u i
date the Palestinian Fighters without
sustaining enormous casualties o f
their own, they have to saturate the
“ camps” — actually entire neighbor
hoods in urban areas— with artillery
and bombs. Indeed, this is exactly
what has happened: indiscriminate
air, land and naval bombardment of
towns where hundreds o f thousands
o f civilians, refugees and Lebanese
live.
The result, according to indepen
dent reports, has been the complete
destruction o f the Rashidiyah Camp
near T yre, w ith its shops, restaur
ants, shacks and in h ab itan ts. The
same fate has met the A in el-H elw i
C am p near S idon, the N abatiyeh
Cam p, and the town o f D am our, as
well as the Bourg el-B arajinah and
S hatila Camps in the m iddle o f
(Please turn to page 14 col. 5)
oise achievement surpasses district average
Boise Elementary School’s eighth
grade class has passed (he district
average in language arts this year—
the first time for as long as anyone
can remember. Excitement spread
throughout the building as Principal
Dave M cCrea made the announce
ment du rin g the g ra d u a tio n cere
mony.
In recent years Boise has been
either last in the school district or
very near the bottom in achievement
test scores. This year not only did
the youngsters score average or near
average in all areas, but they showed
much greater progress than that o f
the district as a whole.
The 8th grade class achieved a
“ P-score" (a score that shows its re
lationship to other schools) o f 50.8,
demonstrating that one-half o f the
district’s 41 eighth graders score be
low Boise.
Boise eighth graders outscored
the 8th grades o f 21 schools in lan
guage arts, and equaled the score of
one other— Hosford Middle School.
Among (he schools which Boise sur
passes were C o lu m b ia /W h itta k e r,
B eaum ont, Sellw ood and Hinns-
mead m iddle schools. Boise fell
slightly behind Fernwood. Only six
east side schools outscored Boise—
A sto r, B uckm an, M t. T ab o r M S ,
T u b m an M S , P enninsula, Sitton
and Fernwood MS.
A lth o u g h com parison o f test
scores— p artic u la rly at one grade
level— are not a true evaluation o f a
school, they are significant in dem
onstrating trends and growth.
For years Boise has been pointed
to as (he school at the bottom and
this was correlated with the fact that
Boise is the school with the highest
concentration o f black students and
the school with the lowest socio-eco
nomic status. “ It was hard on mo
r a le ," M cC re a exp lain ed . " O u r
teachers worked hard and our stu
dents worked hard. We made gains,
but we were still at the bottom. The
results were published and every
body knew.”
McCrea credits the cumulative ef
forts o f the school's "b a s ic ” pro
gram — a strong emphasis on read
ing, language arts and math.
Seventh and eighth graders— as a
unit— are divided into four groups
according to reading ability. During
the morning each group has Five 40-
m inute classes: reading lab , la n
guage arts, computer assisted math,
math, and social studies. During the
a fte rn o o n , in their hom e-room s,
they have two 40-minute periods o f
language arts and a period o f physi
cal education.
Reading and language arts are in
tegrated in to the to ta l pro g ram .
Ms. Laura Glosson, who teaches so
cial studies, emphasizes reading and
w ritin g and requires that skills
learned in basic classes be used in
her class. Research projects and
term papers provide an opportunity
for students to practice these skills.
“ I expect high quality work in my
classes," she said. " I assign a lot o f
reading and w r itin g ." M rs. Gios-
(Please turn to page 4 column 4)
i
Bola« Elementary School*« 8th grad« graduating claaa Include«:
Karina Alcantara, Bryan Allan, M cQ ullla (M ac) Allan, Joaa Bella,
Jaffrey Britt. Tina Byrd. Tong Cha. Kim Clark. Eddie Edward«. Can
dace Ewall, Loram o Qranvllle. Dw ight Oravaa, Harm an Harden,
Dana Hatton. Barbara Hodgaa. M lkl Hunnicutt. M ichele Jackaon,
Klmbaralay Jenklna. Michael Johnaon, Varneal Jonaa. DaRay Kin-
nay, David Lawrence, Chlnh Van La, Maglb M ahratab. Raymond
Richard. Jamaa Riley, Naychlo Saechao, Bonnla Sartan. Greg Sly.
Ann Staple«. Jacqueline Taylor, Sla Thao. William W alker. Varna
Wllklna, Carl Wyllla. Tw anty-tw o atudanta w ill attend Qrant High
School, eleven will attend Banaon, and two will go to Jaffaraon.