I
I
I
pm » io
South Africa is even stronger than the
influence of Vara te r on Rhodesia s Ian
Smith. The experience which we have
had qrith race relations in this country
could also help South Africa to develop a
system of guaranteed m ajority rule,
w hile protecting m inority rights. I t is in
the United Stales' interest to avoid
further bloodshed in southern Africa. I t is
also in the interest of Black A frica to
settle the question of Afriean liberation
without violence, the oppression of
apartheid is a rystom atic policy institu
tionaliaed under law by the South Afri.'an
government, while the oppression in
certain Black ruled states of Africa is the
result of a particular dictator and the
attem pt to deal w ith historic trib al
tension or the vestiges of coloaially in
spired division. H ow ever, the same policy
of aggress.vc diplomacy toward freedom
and justice for all should he the policy in
our relationships w ith Black African
states, and «re must condemn injustice
wherever it is and w hatever the color of
its originators.
' . Z
* A,
/
A
1
Carter speaks on Africa
•ttjcctiv«« that
Africa?
H x United State* should pursue a
foreign potter which encourages the
process of needed change and orderly
ana violent progress for the peoples of the
en tire earth As a nation which itself
struggled for freedom we must be aligned
w ith the legitimate aspirations for
self-determination and liberty of peoples
all over the world. This should be
accomplished prim arily through support
and cooperation with m ultilateral inter
naUonal institutions.
The development potential of the world
can best be encouraged through the
W orld Bank, through the establishment
of an economic partnership in the General
Agreem ent on Trade and Tariffs «G ATTI,
and by the establishment i through the
International Monetary Fund« of an
international monetary system which is
equitable to the developing nations as
well as to ourselves.
The United States must alno continue
to enter into bilateral aid programs and
respond to the emergency needs of those
nations that are struggling to develop
democratic institutions. When in our
D a yea
national interest, we may also en ter into
m ilitary aid programs whenever the
national sovereignty of fnendlv nations is
threatened by external powers. How
e .s r , I think that the U nited States
should refrain from convert activities
which interfere w ith the internal affairs
of friendly nations and should develop the
kind of economic interdependence which
would assure our ability to relate in a
variety of ways to the nations of the
world.
The United States of Am erica is a
world power and cannot escape from that
responsibility and ail that it entails. Our
economy needs the natural resources
which Africa can offer, and we will not be
able to solve our problems of unemploi
roent and Inflation until there is a
worldwide m arket system in which the
producers and the consumers share
equitably in the earth's resources
turai
As a nation, we must protect our own
self interest and give some priority to
those nations w ho share the democratic
principles and ideals which our nation
tries to embody How ever, we live in a
world in which no nation can be
completely w ritten off as unfriendly: a
nation's friends are sometimes deter
mined by her interest in a particular
situation, and such should be the case
w ith Africa. W hile it is very difficult to
export Am erican concepts of democracy
to another continent, we should always
show preference for those democratic
regimes that are based on m ajo rity rule
and on the protection of m inority rights.
But we must no ignore political realities
that may not conform to our ideals.
U nited States business interests «rill
automatically move in the direction oi
those countries which are rich in natural
resources such as Zambia. Zaire. Angola
and N igeria, but the foreign policy needs
of the United States might well be
fu rth er advanced by an association with
Tanzania or Mozambique or the Sahei
region which are in need of humanitarian
assistance. Essentially, our two-fold
approach of assistance through the
International lievelopm ent .Agency of the
W orld Bank and through improved A ID
programs will be in the long term
interests of this nation.
of
that the U S . eaa have a
«kith Africa
■? Coatti
I to the U S .
this
Ye*. Tbe involvement of Black A m e ri
cans. Spanish speaking Americans and
other ethnic and religious groups in our
political system should be viewed as a
national strength. W e are blessed w ith
the fact that we are Jle world in
microcosm. This should make us sensitive
to the affairs of the en tire world and
should also be the basis of very positive
DENNIS BUCHANAN
Multnom ah County Commissioner
Endorsed by: T h e O regonian
, Boa 14 0 2 .1
.O R »7247
Citizen of the Week
Dave McCrea is presently serving his seventh year as prm dpnl of Borne
Elem entary School, where be has been instrumental in keeping the school
as s K-k school, in response to the expressed desire of the parents and
community.
Before coming to Boise M r McCrea had been principal for five years at
Harvey Scott, and teaching principal at Wilson Park. U nder his leadership
Boise is becoming a “Fundamental School.' emphasizing basic skills. The
restructured schod year which will provide additional time for skill
improvement and enrichment, was McCrea's des.gn.
M r. McCrea is a longtime Portland resident. He attended Laureihurot
grade school. G rant High School, and graduated from Lewis and Clark
College During W orld W ar D he saw action in the Allied landing at Omaha
Bench He and his wife. Ruth, have five children: tw o boy« and three girls,
one of whom is still at home.
M r McCrea is appreciated by his staff and school constituency for his
genuine concern for the needs of the children and sensitivity to the
suggestions of the Citizen's Advisory Committee. H e deploys personnel and
resources with the goal of improving student self-image and achievement.
He is concerned to know the history, culture, and concerns of the
community. His talent as a photographer has not only built pride in
individual children, but baa also been shared w ith student photographers
anxious to improve their skillr. He has supported the student newspaper,
and listens to the student council.
Use all you need
but save all you can . . .
The People at Pacific Power
A re yew aw are ia '
hto.ofaM gw ific
Africa?
I have received a growing number of
questions in my political campaigning
from Black Americans on the question of
Africa. But. for the moot part. Black
Americans are as domestically oriented
as most white Americans, and they
predominantly ask about race relations m
this country and my approach to the
problems of education, unemployment
and economic justice in Am erica. I t would
be a great help to this nation if people in
public life w ere to he made aw are of the
problems of Africa through a significant
Black interest ia Africa. Americans might
not have made the mistakes we made in
\ wt nam had there been an articulate
Vietnam ese m inority in our midst. Such
an articulate m inority could have saved
this nation 50.000 of her most promising
young men. as well as more than $150
billion from our nation's treasury.
Hl
African
yau pay attention
to ft? Haw
influence ywu to give a <
to y e a r pottriet?
Any politician who survives in public
office learns to be sensitive to the active
and legitim ate concerns of the voters.
And while I would resist being dictated to
by any particular constituency, there is
no question that such a group would be
influential. A President, however, must
consider the total national need and
develop foreign and domestic policies
which do most for the common good and
the national interest. There should be
strong input from all constituencies into
such a policy, but ultim ately that policy
must be greater than the sum of its parts
and become a coherent national policy
protective of the interests of the United
States and not just responding to the
political pressures of any particular
constituency.
Da yea tbiak that African questians, as
a whole, receive lew» thaa their w arrent
ad coauderatiea by the UJ». gavaru-
There is no question that Africa has
been ignored since the days of John F.
Kennedy. Africa should become, and will
become, one of the major foreign policy
issues of the coming decade. Many of our
domestic and international problems will
be determined by the direction of our
policies in Africa.
H i n t would you like to wee a» the baai«
nf relation* between the U S . and Africa?
The only basis of relationships between
the U nited States and any part of the
world must be that of mutual self
interest. There is an amazing rongruity
between the interests and needs of the
Unied States and Arica. Africa needs
development assistance and technological
advances which only the United Sates can
supply, and the United States needs both
the resources and markets of an
emerging Africa. This relationship should
be built on mutual responsibility, mutual
need, and a kind of partnership that is
best expressed in the concepts of
equality, justice and brotherhood.
‘TRUE CONSERVATION NEEDS
YOUR NO VOTE ON #9"
The wording ot #0 is extremely confusing I! a not a
safeguard. but a ban Without nuclear energy we
would be forced to needlessly waste natural gas oil
and coal m electnc energy generation Either that or
suiter power deficits and outages 1b retain our reliable
electnc supply without wasting natural resources we
must vote NO
L B DAY
former Director
Department of
Environmental Quality
Vote to retain
Du yuu
that p en ai
fry an active
eavert?
and creative relationship* w ith the rest of
the world. Thia is particularly tru e of thia
nation's Black m inority and Africa, aa
well as our Spanish speaking m inority
and L atin America.
DON'T GET CAUGHT
IN THE CONFUSION
VOTE # 9 NO
IL S .
IT BANS NUCLEAR ENERGY
I think that the United States' positmr
in Angola should be one which admits
w hat we missen opportunity to be «
positive and creative force for good in
Angola during the years th at we
supported Portugese colonization. W e
should also realize that the Russian and
Cuban presence in Angola, while re g ret
table and counterproductive of peace,
need not constitute a threat to United
State interests: nor does that presence
mean the existence of a Communist
satellite on the continent. The Cornmua
isls have gives m ilitary assistance in
many African nations but have never
been able to remain there once indepen
dence is achieved. The O A U policy of
non alignment is so strong in the African
tradition th at it is reasonable to assume
that an independent Angola would
continue in th at tradition. Furtherm ore,
since Angola's survival economically
depends on the sale of oil and other
naturai resources to the W est, there » ill
be some economic ties with any goverw-
ment which emerges
I t is extrem ely unfortunate that a
unified government did not emerge a.ong
the lines of the A lvor Agreem ent, and
Americans and African alike should
deplore the cynical racism and violence
perpetuated by the Soviet Union and
Cuba on the people of Angola. But it is
not in the U.S. interest to perpetuate the
killing by covert or overt m ilitary
assistance which would only prolong the
fighting. The need for stability and order
will force any government to come to
terms w ith tribal and ideological d iffer
ence which might exist.
O K S O W IA N S A iA lK J T TMI SAN OM MUCUJU1 t N X IC T • ISO S W »TV A V I « O k T U U ® O M k t JO« • MAS WT * A SSCALt 1
w w uuimmi lu itu&hiu • lw v itn e i
for shipyard bonds.
C ost of th e s h ip ya rd
b o n d s is ju s t 91c a
month for three years,
based upon th e p ro
jected shipyard market
and tax on a $30,(XX)
home. Not much, when
one o u t of t e n - o r
55,000 jobs — in the tr i
counties depend on it.’
How do you perceive the present I S .
government's pottry toward ooutfrera
African issues in general** Toward
heath Africa? ShaaM
boycott*, or other
he taken against Sooth Africa
because of its apartheid pottcica? How do
yen see the eppreooann of apartheid,
compared with oppression in some
BUrk-rated states? Is it being partial to
* South Africa and
I just sat down and figured out
how many of the items I use
everyday come here by ship. And
then I thought how much people
in other countries must depend
on the things grown and manu
factured here. I don't think any
of us would want to suffer the
consequences of an unhealthy
maritime industry.
(e n tra i African
Mrs Bill McDonald
housewife
nr f^w alorfaf
For almost a decade the United States
has had no positive policy toward South
Africa The Angola situation is a result of
this policy vacuum The United States
should move immediately toward using
leverage on South Africa to encourage
the independence of Namibia and the
beginning of m ajority rule in K h o dem .
There is no question that independence
will come in the near future. The only
question is whether it comes through
armed struggle sponsored by the Soviet
Union or through sn aggressive diplo
macy of peace encouraged by tbe I nitod
States.
The economic dependence of South
Africa on the United States is such that
an aggressive diplomacy need not include
economic sanctions. Our influence on
Many of the people who bank
with us work in the shipyard.
The more money they make, the
more they save And that money
is reinvested in new homes and
businesses throughout the com
munity. The shipyard must be
expanded if these jobs are to be
available in the future and if
more jobs are to be created
Venerable Booker
banker
I work in the shipyard so I know
how much work has been turned
away in just the last few months,
either because the drydocks
were too small, or because they
were full. Those jobs could have
provided work for a lot of peo
pie I'd like to encourage my
kids to work down there too
someday Pay and benefits are
good, the work is steady and you
can make a good living They
also offer excellent training pro
grams, so you don't have to
spend years and years going to
school. But unless the facilities
are expanded soon, many of
today's jobs might not be around
tomorrow.
Versa Anderson
shipyard worker
~irc
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