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Val. • N». 40
T h ^ w U y, A u ge* 19th, »»’ «
Republicans 1 I
adopt
conservatism
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Williams, Wheeler named outstanding women
Mrs. Cal Jean Williams has been set
ected one of Oregon's tw o “Young Wo
men of America" candidates. Candidates
from the states w ill be judged for the
national title on the basis ol community
service.
M rs. Williams, who has not yet been
officially notified of the honor, told the
Observer she is excited and surprised to
be an Oregon winner.
M rs. Williams was born in Ruleville,
Mississippi, the third of fourteen child
ren. H e r grsndfather, D e w itt Joiner and
her mother. Mrs. Louise Rash still live in
Mississippi. She aliened school in Rule
villa, then went to Alcorn University,
graduating with a B.S. in Home Econo
mics. She was the recepient of Sears and
Roebuck and Rockefeller scholarships.
Mrs. Williams came to Oregon in 1973,
after graduating from Alcorn, and work
ed in the Salem area for six months
before coming to Portland.
She is a County Home Economist for
the Oregon Stata University Extension
Service, attached to the Multnomah
County Extension Service. She works in
Multnomah. Washington, and Clackamas
counties, teaching clothing to young
homemakers, young singles, and giving
consumer and food information. She has
instructor status a t Oregon State U n i
versity.
M rs. W illiams is a member of Alpha
Kappa Alpha Soronity, the American
Home Economist Association, the Oregon
Home Extension Association. the Nation
al Association of Extension Home Econ
om iata, the Elbetts of the Salem Elks
Club, and the Portland Branch. N A A C P .
One of her recent activities was co
sponsoring the Governor's Fashion Show
benefit for Albina Youth O pportunity
School.
M rs. Williams is working on her Mas
ters' in Social Science a t Portland State
University and plana to pursue a doctor
ate later.
Mrs. Williams said that although she is
a “career woman" the high point of her
life was her marriage to Harold W illiams
in June of 1975.
President Gersld Ford narrowly achi
eved the Republican Party's nomination
for the Presidency over a strong bid by
former Governor of California, Ronald
Reagan.
The party platform is in keeping with
the conservative shift in the Republican
Party, emphasizing limited government
and encouraging the private sector.
The platform relies on discontinuation
of deficit spending to aid the economy and
rejects federal aid in lowering unemploy
ment. Creation of jobs is left to private
business.
The platform opposes national health
insurance and guaranteed annual income,
it opposes mandatory retirem ent and
addresses some changes in the Social
Security system.
The party supports a constitutional
amendment to allow states to make abor
tions illegal.
A constitutional amendment to forbid
assignment of school children on basis of
race to promote desegregation. I t favors
a constitutional amendment to allow
prayer in the public schools and seeks to
find a way to provide funds for private
schools.
In the field of energy, the Republican
platform calls for an end to price control
on oil and newly discovered national gas
and opposes the breakup of the large oil
companies.
The Republican Party calls for a reform
of welfare, leaving it on the state level,
and a restriction on eligibility for food
stamps.
The platform calls for preservation of
the Panama Canal as an international
w aterw ay and says the U.S. must insure
that all agreements w ith the U.S.S.R.
benefit national security. A Reagan back
ed amendment calls for morality in
foreign relations.
I t also calls for the development of new
missile launching submarine forces, the
B I bomber, and increase in naval power,
and restoration of the intelligence
system.
The convention ended with Governor
Reagan calling for unity, but an uneasy
truce was in effect, w ith some Reagan
delegates still refusing to support the
Ford ticket.
CAL J. WILLIAMS
Pat W heeler, form erly of Portland and
now in Baltimore, was also selected to
represent Oregon aa a “Young woman of
America" Miss Wheeler was employed by
K O A P -T V for two years as a producer-
director.
Judge upholds federal jurisdiction over fishing
Judge Robert C. Belloni extended the
non Indian fishing season for 48 hours
after threatening federal intervention if
the states of Washington and Oregon do
not enforce his orders.
A t an unusual Sunday court session, he
told the concerned parties orders signed
by state courts on F riday and Saturday,
ordering the states not to enforce Bel
lonfs earlier injunction against non In
dian flailing, w ere invalid. A fte r soundly
chastising former Congressman Wendell
W y a tt for going Into a “secret, unrecord
ad” court session in Astoria to get a state
order contrary to the federal order, while
all of the Involved parties w ere in Port
land attem pting to reach a mutual agree
ment.
Belloni had earlier interpreted the In
dian Treaties to allow the Indian fisher
men fifty per cent of the salmon catch. He
also had ordered the states of Oregon and
Washington to make a plan that would
insure the fifty per cent and also to allow
escapement of enough aalmon up riv e r to
insure preservation of the fishery.
The states ignored the recommenda
tion of the staffs for a five day non-Indian
commercial season and set a ten day
season. Beloni then issued an injuction
ordering the fishing closed a fter five days
and asked the government, the l U t w ,
the Indian Tribes and the commercial
fishermen to meet and try to work out a
solution. The non-Indian fishermen have'
claimed that the reduction of the fishing
season would bring too great a financial
loos.
In the Sunday court session held to
determ ine w hether Belloni should set
aside teh state court decisions, federal
attorney Sidney Lezak said this was a
straight test of w hether the federal gov
ernm ent has the power to meet its obli
gations to the Indian people and w hether
the state court can enter an issue which is
clearly in the jurisdiction of the federal
governemnt.
Belloni did not set aside the state or
ders. but stating that they w ere invalid,
advised the attorneys resoonaihle that
they had better ask the state judges to
rescind them that day.
“I think that the attorneys who violat
ed this court, who obtained thia order,
should go back today and aak that judge
to aet them aaide." He said he would
w ait to see w hat happened that night -
that if his orders were not enforce by the
states he would consider intervention by
federal law enforcement agencies.
“T here is an injuction from the federal
court in effect. Anybody who violates it
takes the risk. Any gillnetter who fishes
is in vioaliton. I f the states allow it. they
are in violation . . . No longer w ill I allow
the fish to be taken downstream and say
to the Indians. 'I'm sorry, all the fish are
taken and the escapement must come
from your share?' I can't understand why
the commercial fishermen insist on the
distruction of future fishing."
Belloni repeatedly admonished W y a tt
for his action, saying he could not under
stand that type of behavior from any
attorney and especialy from one who had
served in the United States Congress.
“W hat do you think of an attorney
asserting his veiws before one judge -
being heard in federal court and being;
denied - then going to another judge. A t
the tim e attorneys w ere bargaining -
your co-counsels were there - you w ere
in a private, unrecorded court hearing,
without notice to the other parties, get
ting an order."
L ate r the Indian tribes agreed to allow
the gillnetters 48 hours additional fishing
time, althow it will decrease the Indian
take. They said they w ere sorry about
the prediciment of the commercial fisher-
ment, since the states had allowed too
many fish to the ocean trollers and the
sports fishermen and Belloni had to cut
the gillnetters to protect the Indian's
share.
The compromise is considered an im
portant breakthrough in Indian, non-
Indian relations. Belloni said he expects
the states to devise a proper manage-
ment plan before next year so that his
Democrats reject county reorganization scheme
The offices of Precinct Committeeman
and Committee-woman will no longer
exist if a measure passed by the M ultno
mah County Democratic Central Com
mittee is adopted by the Oregon Legisla
ture. The Central Committee asked that
sex based requirements for election of
precinct committee people be abolished
and that one precinct person be elected
for each 150 party members in the pre
cinct. C urrently, one man and one woman
are elected by each precinct.
The Central Committee voted to deny
support to tw o initiative petitions spon
sored by Senator Vern Cook and Repre
sentative Glenn Otto.
The Edgefield proposal would require
the continued operation of Edgefield
Manor Nursing Home by the county until
1982 and impose a five year tax levy of $1
million per year.
A substitute motion, which was ac
cepted by the Central Committee, re
ports that the County Board of Commis
sioners ask the county to put a tax levy
before the people to provide care for all of
Multnomah County's 75,000 elderly. His
motion called for a county supported ger
iatric center, nursing home care, and aid
in construction of retirem ent homes.
Support of the initiative petition calling
for reorganization of county government
was also denied. This bill, which will be
on the Novem ber ballot, calls for single
member districts and two year terms for
commissioners. Opponents of the bill
charge that assignment of Chairman Don
Clark to the Elast County district, where
he has strong oppostion, is an effort to
defeat Clark. One speaker pointed out
that although Clark was assigned to that
district, two of the current commission
ers. Mel Gordan and Dan Mosee. live
there.
City seeks citizens for Task Force assignment
For the past four years, the City has
involved interested people in the budget
process through participation on Budget
Advisory Committees. These committees
provide opportunities for citizens to be
come fam iliar w ith bureau programs and
to help staff seek g reater economies or
higher productivity. Nominations are
again being sought to fill vacancies on the
budget committees. This year the
committees w ill be; (1) General Services,
(2) Neighborhood Environm ent & Traffic
Engineering, (3) Office of Management
Services, (4) Office of Planning &
Development (includes Buildings), (5)
Parks, (8) Police, (7) Public Affairs, (8)
Public Safety. (9) Public Works, and (10)
W ater.
Participation on a Budget Advisory
Committee is an excellent opportunity for
citizens to became informed about their
city government and to share in the deci
sion making process. How ever, this en
tails a time commitment w ith concerted
effort on the p art of the citizen. Commit
tees meet tw ice a month during the sea
son for the review process: November
through M arch. Some budget committees
meet on a year-round basis, usually once
a month.
The responsibilities of the Budget Ad
visory Committees include: (1) Gather
information about bureau policies and ob
jectives; (2) Review neighborhood needs;
(3) Assist in preparation of bureau bud
get requests: (4) Provide specific recom
mendations for the Council; (5) Assist in
informing the community about the role
of the budget committee and the City
budget process.
An Orientation meeting for all budget
committee members will be held on Sep
tember 25th, 1976. Citizens groups and
individuals are requested to send in
nominations for the budget committees
by September 1 s t The Commissioners
will then appoint new members who will
attend the orientation. Nomination forms
are available from the Office of Neighbor
hood Associations, Rm. 413, City Hall
1220 S.W . 5th Avenue, phone 248-4519.
intervention will not be necessary.
Pentagon eyes South African Black 'Homeland’ for base
by Tssal Hsdtaaaa and Reed K ram er
(PN S) Washington. D.C. -- Even as
race riots sweep South Africa, Pentagon
planners appear to have seized on the
white m inority government's widely cri
ticised plan to av e rt Black rule as a
golden chance to realise one of th e ir old-
eet dreams: a naval base on the strategic
southern tip of Africa.
«
The South African government's sirs
tegy is tb grant Independence to 10 native
areas, rather than breaking down the
rigid apartheid policy w ithin South Africa
proper. And U.S. m ilitary planners, long
held back by a U N arms embargo against
South Africa, are floating the idea of
building a base in the first Black area to
be declared independent, The Tranakei.
The proposal - sure to be controversial
if pursued - surfaced this June in an
article in M ilita ry Review by A rm y intel
ligem-e strategist M ajo r Wesley Croes
beck. Published by the A rm y S taff and
General Command College at F t. Lea
venworth. Kansas, the Review is known
to defense experts as s frequent outlet
for the m ilitary's tria l balloons.
Adm inistration sources say the Groes
beck proposal closely parallels a classified
Pentagon report recently sent to the
W hite House.
And according to Groesbeck, the only
serious argum ent being raised against
the plan is possible opposition by mem
bars of the Organisation of African U nity
(O A U ). The O A U voted in June to w ith
hold recognition from the Transkei after
it is declared independent this October,
calling it “a mere creation of racist South
Africa."
T he plan is p art of a new U.S. effort to
counter what is seen as growing Soviet
superiority in and around Africa. But it
also stems from a recent shift in defense
planning that gives high priority to secur
ing the world's sea lanes and preserving
Western access to raw materials.
As Adm iral James Holloway I I I , chief
of naval operations, explained the idea to
the House Armed Services Committee
last year, “In contrast to the Soviet
Union, the United States and her allies
are greatly dependent on the seas for
commercial transactions, raw materials
and security arrangements."
In Groesbeck's words, the Transkei
proposal offers “vital surveillance and
protection of the Cape Sea Route" w ith
out tjie open involvement of South Africa,
and "strengthens the U.S. strategic posi
tion in the Indian Ocean and South Atlan
tic."
New Global Strategy
The new Indian Ocean/Africa strategy
is already well under way, as has been
demonstrated by:
•th e construction of a new U.S. naval
facility on the Indian Ocean island of
Diego Garcia;
•a dramatically increased U.S. naval
presence in the region, typified by a
recent show of the flag in Kenya
an
American ally - at the height of tensions
between Uganda and Kenya;
•Secretary of Defense Donald Rums
feld's June visit to Kenya and Zaire, the
first trip to Africa by a Pentagon chief;
•a jum p in m ilitary aid programs in
Africa from $40 million in 1974 to nearly
$200 million this year, along with a simi
lar escalation of arms sales from $20
million to $250 million;
•a recent Pentagon revelation that
long range B 52 bombers are now being
used to track Soviet ship movements off
Africa's Atlantic coast;
•and the disclosure last February that
ships from the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (N A T O ) - in which the U.S.
plays perhaps the key role -- have ex
panded their operations to the South A t
lantic and Indian Oceans.
N A T O also has been accused of plan
ning secretly for the defense of southern
Africa and its sea lanes. Tw o years ago a
U N task force discovered the contingency
plans, but because of strenous objections
by N A T O countries their report was
never published.
Resistance in Africa
African objections to South Africa's
independence plan for the Transkei cen
ter on the fact that it is the first step in
South Africa's "separate development"
plan, designed to resolve the country's
racial problem without m ajority rule.
Critics of South Africa's apartheid sys
tem point out that altogether the ten
Black states - now called "homelands" -
will encompass less than 13 per cent of
the country's land area, although A fri
cans make up four fifths of the popula
tion.
And because the economics of the
Transkei and the other homelands are
heavily dependent on South Africa, most
Africans will continue to live in segregat
ed townships like Soweto, outside the
white cities where they work.
Groesbeck hopes African objections
can be overcome by the argument that
U.S. aid would give the Transkei a mea
sure of independence from South Africa.
Transkei Chief Kaiser Matanzima has al
ready asked for U.S. development assis
tance, including help in turning Port St.
Johns into a modern facility.