I
I
Portland/Obaarver
Desegregation: Twenty years later
Twenty years »go. on May
17. »954. the U.S. Supreme
Court ruled against segre
gated publir schools.
How
ever, the 26 years sinre the
court's det-ftion In Brown v.
Topeka Hoard ol txlucalkin
have not been 20 years of
school desegregation, accor
ding to the May issue of
Rare Ita-lal ions Reporter
The original rulings in
Hrown called (or compliance
"with all deliberate speed"
the Reporter
notes that
defiant while resistance, le
gal maneuvering, legislative
barricades and the question
of Southern dr jure as op
posed to Northern de lacto
segregation caused delays in
school desegregation.
And
the desegregation movement
did not gain imp-tux until
the second decade.
The Reporter article shows
The pace of desegregation
Del.; snd Washington, D.C.
quickened with the 1966 67
Because of the class nature
school year and 16.9 per
of these suits and the great
cent of the public school
variety of local conditions
Black students attended de
that the court would have
segregated schools.
di he
to consider, the first opinion
figure doubled two years
called for additional argu
later, reaching 32 per cent.
ments. .O n May 31, 19iW.” the
Figures were not available
Justices issued the second
for 1969 70, but the federal
opinion, remanding the cases
count in 1970-71 showed
to the courts of origin and
almost M6 per cent of the
calling for the lower court«
South's Black pupils were
to "require that the defen
in desegregated schools.
dants make a prompt and
The figure showed another
reasonable start toward full
sizeable increase in the fol
compliance" with the previ
lowing school year 11971 721.
ous year’s ruling. The Sup
reaching 90.8 per cent. The
reme Court also called for
latest available figure is for
compliance "with all deliber
1972 73, and that figure is
ate speed," a phrase that
91.3 per cent. A spokesman
became a key in the years ol
for the Office for Civil Rights
controversy
following
the
said that estimates indicate
ruling.
the figures will have changed
During the first 10 years
little for this current school
after Brown, compliance eff
orts‘ focused almost entirely
year.
The first national statistics
on the 17 Southern and
border states that had re
on school desegregation
quirwd ••g reg stl«« b f *®w - became available in the late
The percentage of Blacks in
1960's. In 1968 69. the nation
had 23.4 percent of its Black
the 11 Southern states who at
tended desegregated schools students in majority white
remained less than one per schools 150 per cent or more
cent
until
the
1983 1964 white), as compared to the
18.4 per cent in the South.
school year.
In 1970 71, the ranking re
In 1964. the Congress
versed. with the South having
passed the Civil Rights Act
a figure of 40.3 per cent
forbidding discrimination in
Blacks in m a jo rity w hite
education and withholding
schools, and the national
funds
from
segregated
figure numbering 33.1 per
school«. Through the 1964-65
cent.
school year. Southern Educ
Another measure of "20
ation Reporting Service, the
years of Brown is an ac
predecessor of Race Relat
counting of how many Black
ions Information Center, was
students remain in all Black
the only source for the
schools.
The first nation
region’s statistics on school
w ide survey in 1968 69
desegration. In that school
showed the U.S. had 39.7 per
year, the 11 Southern states
cent in all Black schools, com
has 2.25 per rent of its Black
pared to 68 per cent for the
students attending schools
South.
The South
had
with whites.
dropped to par with the
Beginning with 1965 66.
national figure of 14 per cent
the U.S.
Department of
in 1970-71. and the South had
Health. Education, and Welf
reduced its all Black school
are began monitoring school
enrollment to 8.7 per cent of
desegregation and 6.1 per
the total Black students the
cent of the Black students in
following year, below the
the South attended desegre
11.2 per cent national figure.
gated schools.
that on the 20th anniversary
of the first Brown derision,
approximately half of the
South's Black students attend
predominantly vfhite schools.
Less than 10 per cent ol the
region's total Black enroll
ment remains in all Black
schools.
Twenty years is a long time
and perhaps it has been for
gotten that the Supreme
Court issued two Hrown dec
isions, each a year apart,
the Reporter says. On May
17, 1954, the court held:
“Separate educational facil
¡ties are inherently unequal"
The 4'aseN before the court
had been filed as class
actions, although they came
on behalf of individual plain
tiffs
from
five
separate
school districts:
Topeka.
Kans.; Clarendon County,
S.C.i Prince Edward County.
Va.: New Castle County,
If you m ak e y o u r
business calls to th e east
before 8 A.M.,you’ll g et
t( > y< >u r pn ispects bef< >n?
they go to lunch. A nd
you’ll get a special break
on rates w h e n you
dial th e call
yourself.
Pacific Northwest Bell
A three m,nu»e «I»’ »«-to M at' >'• <!»»•<> diMlod ca ll
lo New
'y c *->«(• iu »t ’ M b e tw e e n I t F M and
t a m ju » i <J«a’ m e n w th o u t p a ra lo / M M ta n c e
BwiwvvM H A M and 5 P M on w av« Jay» «ha name c ail
c o tta I t 4 ) f A h tata « p tu l t a i >
Inflation effects
PPS operating cost
p n o F iiM P
M P U t t.
How Leakproof
Is Your Roof?
ASY
Check . . . see. 1$
th is
»he S p rin g
you'll need a new
roof? Le» us loon it
•do
over, find any trou
ble spo's and give
estimates. Free.
W E N D E LL E. B R O W N
C O N S T R U C T IO N C O M P A N Y
Kindi ng • frm e n l Work • Remodeling • ( onMrurlton
X Model Neighborhood Buxine*»*
Member Albina Contractor«* Association
5 7 5 N. K i Hi ng s w o rth
Inflation look the blame as
Su|M*rintendent Robert Blan
chard recommended a Port
land School district operating
budget for 1974 75.
Although saying the bud
get "represents a sound
financial plan for th<- school
d i s t r i c t ,' '
S u p e rin te n d en t
Blanchard said inflation "ell
m m ated many hoped for
educational tieselopmenla"
While the budget is higher
than the 1973 74 total, most
of that increase was beyond
the school district's control:
$6 2 million cost of livmg
increases for employee«
$2 million increase in
fixed costs
$954.325 increase in
utility costs
$1.6 million increase in
material, supply and
ser\ ice costs.
2 8 9 -5 5 4 9
„ h o rtO ”
« sfOU
m ok ^
S
e
^
eiCS
h ° lb C e
Superintendent Blanchard
said inflation "drained all of
our resources" and "forced
us to make substantial eco
nomic cutbacks." including:
Reduced funds for non
educational needs
Reduced administrative
overhead
Reduced operating con
tingency
Transfer or slate capital
funds to operating needs
Abandoned fund balance
for 1975 76
(In the positive side of the
ledger. Superintendent Blan
chard cited several areas
next
year's
recommended
budget would include:
Com pleted plans for
Phase 1 of capital improve
ments
Expansion of early child
hixKf education program
Implementation of year
around pilot programs
Implementation of Jeff
erson High magnet pro
gram
Stabilized class size ratio
S tan d ard re g u la r in
struetional programs
Improved female inter
scholastic athletics
Improved
classes
for
em otio nally disturbed
students
The Portland Board of
Education received Super
intendent Blanchard's rerom
mendations during a formal
public hearing and authorized
the staff to proceed with
preparatic" of the final docu
ment.
Final school board
approval of the $90.9 million
budget is scheduled for May
13th. two days before the
final budget document must
I»- submitted to the Mult
nomah County Tax Super
vising and Conservation
_______
Commission.
criminal justice
hearing« continue
A tto rn e y G eneral Lee
Johnson announced that ad
ditional one day hearings will
be held May 22 in Medford
and Salem off the proposed
criminal juatice 1980 Stand
ards and Goals
The first
hearings were held May 2-3
at the Inn at Otter Crest.
Johnson, chairman of the
Oregon I^aw Enforcement
Council, noted that public
interest has shown the need
for additional hearings. As a
result the Council voted
Thursday to hold one day
hearings at Pendelton on
June 6-7. W ritten comments
would be received until May
22 by the OLEC staff.
The proposed 1980 Stand
ards and Goals have been in
preparation by five planning
and development committees
of the Council since last
December. These committ
ees, comprised of Council
members and ad hoc ap
pointments, met in Bend,
Cottage Grove and Portland
in January. February and
March to hear testimony in
five areas including: enforce
ment, courts, juvenile, corr
ections and information sys
terns. The committees used
material from standards and
goals developed by the
American Bar Association
and the federal Law Enfor-e
ment Assistance Adm..,is
tration's National Advisory
Commission, in addition to
recommendations supplied by
representatives of Oregon
criminal justice agencies.
Johnson said the 1980
Standards and Goals, as
amended and adopted by the
Council following the hear
ings, will be the basis for
developing five year criminal
justice plans tor Oregon. He
said the plans will set annual
priorities and programs to
improve and develop a state
crim inal
justice
system
through the year 1980. The
Attorney General noted that
the plana will not be pre
pared to just use anticipated
federal funds, but will also
point to ways improvement
may be made using state
and local resources.
PSU Indian students
plan "Indian week’’
A traditional Northwest
Indian
salmon bake will
highlight a three day "Indian
Week" celebration Wednes
day through Friday, May
15th 17th. at Portland State
University.
The United Indian Stu
dents of Higher Education
(U IS H E l at PSC has planned
the three day event which
will include, besides the
salmon
bake,
an
Indian
education day, a fishing
rights panel discussion, a
crafts sale and a rock con
cert.
The salmon bake will be
held from 12 noon to 2 p.m.
Friday, May 17th. in the
Park
Blocks adjaient to
Smith Memorial Center. The
Quinalt Nation in Wash
ington will furnish the fish
and memlx-rs of the Golden
Age Club of the Quinalt
Nation will bake the salmon
on a hand made, three sided
pit constructed in the Park
Blocks. Singers, dancers and
drummers from tha Portland
Bow and Arrow Club will
also be on hand to provide
entertainment.
Prices for the event are
$2.50 for adults and $1.50 for
children under 12.
Tickets
are available at Stevens and
Sons in the Lloyd Center,
the House of Turquoise in
Beaverton. Quintanas and
the Buffalo Gap in Old Town,
and from all U IS H E mem
bers and the PSU Box Office.
The Indian education day
is planned for Wednesday in
the PSU Ballroom.
Repre
sentatives from Oregon col
leges and universities will
discuss the kinds of Indian
programs at these institu
tions and what is available
for Indian st .dents in such
areas as financial aid and
program curricula. There is
no fee for this event.
On Thursday, a fishing
rights panel discussion is
scheduled.
Invited guests
include representatives from
Indian tribes in Oregon and
Washington, representatives
from the Oregon and Wash
ington state fish commissions
and a lawyer representing
the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
Beverly Williams. KG W -TV
newswoman. will act
as
moderator for the panel.
Discussion will center on
fishing rights as well as
Indian treaty rights.
An Indian crafts sale is
scheduled for Thursday and
Friday in the Park Blocks
around Smith Center.
The
crafts will come from the
local Indian community.
The finale of the three day
event will be a Friday night
rock concert featuring an all-
Indian group, the Savage
Resurrection.
The concert
will be at 8:00 p.m. in the
Smith Center Ballroom. Fee
for the concert is $1.
Information regarding any
of the activities is available
by calling the U IS H E or
ganization at PSU at 229
4507.
Peninsula Park plan
revealed to citizens
Police Chief Baker will
announce what actions will
be taken to insure the safety
of those wishing to use
P e n in s u la P a r k a t th e
monthly meeting of the Pied
mont Neighborhood Associa
lion Monday, May 13th. at
8:00 p.m. at Holy Redeemer
School.
Judy Maszy, Chairman of
the Peninsual Park Citizens'
Committee, said "This will be
an official response to a
petition
circulated
earlier
this month by the committee
requesting uniformed park
patrollers to insure
the
safety of the park patrons."
These decisions are the out
come of a series of meetings
SHOP
IENOW S
FOR
BRANDS
y o u know
V A R IE T IE S
y o u lik<
between Judy Maszy. Blanche
Schroeder, and Mayor Neil
Goldschmidt. Commissioner
Ivancie, Dale Christiansen.
Superintendent of Parks and
Police Chief Baker of the
Portland City Police Depart
ment. where the provisions
of the petition were dis
cussed.
We would like to
urge anyone interested to
attend.
Also on the agenda will b»
Wayne Potter
from
the
Bureau of Neighborhood En
vironment discussing what to
do about neighborhood en
vironmental concerns.
Oregon's new open dating
law became effective Jan
uary 1st, with full compliance
required by July 1st. Regu
lations to implement this law
are being finalized.
They
will require two kinds of
dating on certain perishable
foods: pull date, an indica
tion of when the product
should be removed from re
tail sale; and the packaing
•late for fresh poultry, meat
and seafoods.
Many items already have
pull dates or park dates.
Look for them.
They will
help you make better buys
and avoid waste.
S IZ E S v o u w a n t
STo»«’0’’
M V h t*
» u M lH i > .k t \ I *
Hot jew elry-the ruby was
supposed to contain an un
quenchable inner fire.
Hospital
observes
week
In observance of National
Hospital Week. May 1218.
the Emanuel Hospital Auxil
iary has planned a variety
of activities for employees,
patients and members of the
community.
On Monday, May 13, hospi
tai volunteers will distribute
garnet roses and tray tents
(explaining hospital week)
to patients.
Patients and employees will
receive 7-Up, compliments of
the 7 Up Bottling Company
on Tuesday.
The patient "hotline" will
be initiated on Wednesday,
establishing a direct patient
line to the hospital's admin
istration.
On Thursday, a wheel
chair tour will be held with
patients being taken on a
tour of the hospital's facili
ties by members of th~ voi
unteer program.
“Get to Know the Admini
strators" will be the theme
for Friday's activities, with
members of the hospital’s
administrative staff meeting
with employees on an in
formal basis throughout the
day.
Throughout the week, an
open house for community
members will be held. Dep
artmental displays, scheduled
tours and refreshments are
planned.
Tours are being scheduled
throughout the week, Mon
day through Friday, from
1 to 5 p.m. Arrangements
can be made by calling tne
hospital. 280 4294.
National Hospital Week
evolved in 1953 from National
Hospital Day. which was
first established in 1920,
marking the 100th anniver
sary of the birth of Florence
Nightingale. Theme for this
year's annual event is “Get
to Know Us Before You
Need Us."
Thursday. May 9. 1974
What a way to go Henri Christophe, King of Hsiti.com
milled suicide with a silver bullet, the only thing he be
lieved could do the job.
H ave Y o u r Lunch M eetings
GENEVAS
H ot Beef Sandwich
Crisp G reen Salad
H o t Links
Bar-B-Q Sauce
H am & Cheese
Paul & G e n eva Knauls
O w n e rs
4228 N. Williams
282-6363
DR. JEFFREY BRADY Says:
DO Not Put Off Needed Dental (ate"
Enjoy D e n ta l H e a l^ i N o w an d
Im p ro v e Y our A p p e a ra n c e
(OHE INAI
TOUR (OMtttMOU
OPIN SATUROA» MOINihG
•
NO AFPOINIMINI MIDIO
•
(CBPt)H (0 0 M A II0 N
ONAtl-DihlAl
ÍRStlHNU PjA*'»
•
( O M fltlt Df NI Al SEiVIlíS
U N IO N O I C O M U H T O IN T A t IN S U S A N C I •
C O V t S A G I A C C IP T IP O N V O U S
N l t D I D D IN t lS T » T
F .rh ! ' < •
A n . Porto n S h . p l . l
MOUAS, W . . k d o » , S } O e m . l o S p m
Sot S 3 0 o r e to t p.m
DR. JEFFREY BRADY, DENTIST
SEMI EP BUILDING
Napoleon considered the
steamship impractical. “ So
you want to drive a ship
with cigar smoke!” he
scoffed.
S W
3 rfl i M
o i - m
. i .M
P o rtla n d
O 'e q o o
lo s e E iev O 'c' io Zo-: 1 lo o t 3 'd St Entrer ce
Phone: 2 2 8 -7 5 4 5
Straight answers to
the most often asked
questions about
your electrical service:
A
alune
:a n
5lTt
Have you requested
an additional
rate increase?
st o f
v ic e
to
'-‘‘t e n
vpe
wihv
Yes, we have.
PGE has submitted proposed re
vised rate schedules to the Public
U tilitie s C o m m is s io n e r w h ic h
would produce an increase in rev
enue of about 10%.
We are not alone. Increased de
mand and rising costs have forced
e n e rg y s u p p lie rs a c ro s s the
country to seek higher rates. One
utility in the southeast was recently
granted a 90% increase. Bonneville
Power anticipates up to a 27% in
cre ase th is yea r. B oth P a c ific
Power and Northwest Natural Gas
have requested more money. And
you know what has happened to
the cost of fuel oil, gasoline, food,
doming, taxes... just about every
thing has gone up and up.
Nobody likes to pay higher costs.
But if you compare the increase in
cost of your PGE e le c tric ity per
kilowatt hour with what it cost 10
or 15 years ago, you will find it has
gone up less than most other prod
ucts and services. We appreciate
your understanding.
S end fo r P G E 's S tra ig h t A n s w e r b o o k le t
Conservation Center of i
Portland General Electric Co?
P. 0 . B ox 1788
P o rtla n d , O re g o n 97207
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