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2
-'kv£ H4O ALL cpUtfc? A M
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4L0MÛ ANE - T H A Ty THE M t
As I See It
IT QUvNT TOOE IM T H K û W r H Y '
SAIO H ß f .iTAN L,eSTMOOO.
A diabolical act
MUST «
TV6ETHEPFOR FULL
ANU EQUAL EMPLOYMENT.
T h u rs d a y ,
A ugust
IO ,
By I enwoud G. D avis
1972
The Northw est s Best W e ekly
A Black O w ned Publication
Published every Thursday by E v e P ublishing Company,
2201 N . killingsworth, Portland, t'regon 97217
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Phone: 283-2480
M a ilin g ¿dress - P . C . Box 3137, P o rtlan d , O regon 97208.
A LF R E D LEE H E N D E K S c\. P u b lis h e r,E d ito r
¿ iÍi¿
IN P A
7T T
The O bse rve r’ s o ffic ia l position is expressed only in its
P u b lis h e r's C olum n kThe O bservation Post and the E d ito r's
D esk. Any other m a te ria l throughout the paper is the opr ion
of the individual w r ite r o r su b m itte r anddoes ot ne cessarily
re fle c t the opinion of the O bserver.
Any erroneous re fle ctio n upon the c a r a c te r , standing o r
reputation of person, fir m o r corp ora tion, w nch may appear
in the P ortland O bserver w ill be che erfully co rre cte d upon
being brought to the attention of the E d ito r.
A pplication to m a il at second-class postage rates is vend
ing at P ortla nd , Oregon.
Ì V ÍC V " »
Product of the Black Revolution?
The
Editor’s
Desk
ALFRED
LEE
By
Letters to the Editor
To the E d ito r:
Voter brings
apathy and ignorance
In recent years many have come to wonder if the rep
resentative fo rm of governm ent can e x is t o r if it is doomed
to fa ilu re . If our system of governm ent does not w o rk, it is
not the fa u lt of the system , but it is the fa u lt of the c itiz e n .
The fa ilu re is the re s u lt of public apathy and ignorance.
The citizens of the United States hold a unique power that
many peoples throughout the w o rld are figh ting to orta in - the
rig h t to vote. Y et many A m ericans are not interested enough
in th e ir governm ent - which determ ines a ll of the m a jo r
aspects of th e ir live s, even life o r death its e lf - to bother to
vote once eve ry fo u r yea rs. In th e l9 o 8 election, which was one
of the m ost c ru c ia l of ou r h is to ry , only 60 per cent of those
e lig ib le to vote did so.
A d m ost of those who did vote, did so in ignorance. They
voted fo r the candidate because of his appearance, his p e r
sonality, o r because of th e ir frie n d s ’ advice ra th e r than con
sid erin g his p rin c ip a ls , his ideals, his goals fo r h im se lf and
his cou ntry. They voted w ithout understanding the position to
which he a s rire d o r the q u a lifica tio n s needed todo a good job.
We put ou r fate m the hands of a few men and women whom
we fa il to investigate u n til we find them in o ffice . We do not
rem em ber them again u n til they vote against our in te rest, and
even forge t that in a few weeks. Then we go back and vote fo r
them again ( if we vote at a ll) because they have a fa m ilia r
name. Representative E dith Green is a go al exam ple. She
has voted against ne arly eve ry b ill that would im prove the
live s of blacks and the poor, yet blacks and the poor ree le ct
h e r tim e a fte r tim e .
P arty p o litic s , which are the backbone of the electora l sys
tem , are le ft to a handful of people who are then put in the
position to make the decisions fo r a ll of us. Of the thousands
of registered D em ocrats in Oregon, how many attended the
atate Convention held th is weekend? How many a tte d e d the
County Conventions? P a rty p o litic s are s t ill open in Oregon
and anyone who is interested can p a rticip a te . But few are.
because there is hard w ork and little glam o ur except du rin g
p re s d e n tia l election yea rs.
But th is is the reason the sy stem is not w orking, why
the common citize n re a lly has no say about who w ill run
his governme-1 o r how it w ill be run . T h is is why the large
corporations and business in te rests are in control of the
decision m aking, why a few p o litic a l leaders can make the
decisions in th e ir own in te re st instead of in the nation's,
why th e ir is secrecy and deceit on the highest le vels of
governm ent. The only way the people of the United States
can recapture control of th e ir governm ent is through the
power of the vote.
We blacks, who were fo r so long denied the vote, have
become as apathetic as the white c itiz e n s . We have seer,
t e power of the vote when it rested i the hands of others
and was used against us. Now is the tim e to seize this power
and, form ing coalitions w ith oth er oppressed groups, use it
to renew our governm ent and to bring tru e lib e ra tio n to all
A m erican s.
Breakfast all hours
5246
3940
N .E , U n io n
A v e . (P h . 2 8 2 - 3 8 4 3 )
N . W il l i a m s A v e . (P h . 2 8 4 - 0 5 5 5 )
6 am t i l M i d n i g h t
M onday
th r u
F r id a y a n d S a tu r d a y 24 h o u rs
T h u r id a y
obviously, it was not tlie
work ol needy |« o p le Ivcause
they probably would not lave
taken everything. B esides, tlv
needy know that they only have
to ask the Community C are
X ssociation to r toed,clothing,
e tc ., and tliey w ill get it w ith-
out a lot ot red ta i« . I o my
knowledge, the C .C .X . K s
never refused t help anyone.
C la ra M. P eoples. D irectoi
ol ti e Community C are \ s -
sociatio ’. l as stated ovei and
, voi a ,a
and ii'.i tl at this
o iga
ation is a . oininuiiitv
icency desig ed to se iv e I1«'
needy in and out ol the com
munity .
It is a sad state ot a ita u s
when society drive-- indivi
d u als ti' a pui to i desi « r a th
tl at t e y have to steal b e
a s ic e ss e n tia l . ot ujiviv.il
tio n i the pool . In an alitueni
country like \m e ric a there
really should not 1« poverty
Lenw ood
D a v is
sti n k en («opte I ven though
we S|<cnd lull ions ol d o lía is
on d e te n te , we have d o iw as
little a s p o s s i b l e to deal with
miel nal p ro b lem s, such as
(H'veity, in the United s ta te s .
I h e re to re , until the United
s ta te s Covet nnienl te d ire c ts
its p rio ritie s it will 1« nec
e s s a i y to have p ro g ra m s like
C .C .\ .
I wa . happy Io see tlie slate
and local governm ents, as
well as pi ivale citizen s, come
to ti e 1rs. ue ol C .C .4 , and
replace m ost ol ti e item s that
w ere stolen. I l u s g e s t u ie is
a
cla ssica l exam ple that
s«>MI
I’l u P I I
IX» CXRI
KlltX I I’l u l'l I .
To Be Equal ---------------
Secrecy repeats
HENDERSON
This
colum nist
rarely
w rite s about isolated incident*
that i ajx*n in tlie community .
H ow ever, since one liicaleut
that o ccu rred w as of such a
diabolical nature, I deem it
ap p ro p riate to speak out.
N am ely, the tl e tt ot g olds
Horn the Community C a re \ s -
so ciation. (C .C .V .) How any
norm al iv ia o n o r (versons can
steal trom tlie needv a d pool
is I'ey oi «J all la tiu n a le . I osay
it w as mi u.nane, unit Inkable,
uncivilized, p rep o stei ous. al -
surd, liai a io u s , c /astly * si
uncouth docs not adequately
d e sc rib e ti is uu »lent.
\ s m ost people very well
know tl« Community C a ie \ s -
sociatiou is a voluntary, o n -
p ro tit o ir.i. i ation that p r o
vides loud, clothing a J ot ei
item s lot the needy .i d pool
re g a td le s s ot ra c e , colot oi
cre e d , l his o r g a n atioi aJ
u st com pleted tlie m ost m a s
sive cam paign in its e v .s le ce
to collect tl ixisands ot pounds
ot
to id ,
many lo s e s oi
clothes, many cooking uten
s ils , e tc .
M d to r persons
to come along and steal th o s e
item s is l« y o td my com p re
hension,
The fou rth a n d fift: a p ri mt-
ments in the past year to the
powerful hoard 0: the Cortland
Developm ent
Com m ission
were made recently — as
usual, veiled in secrecy and
with no input from the ;«ople
they serve.
Twice before — ia s tju ly a t
the e xp ira tio n of Ned Lo ok's
second th re e -y e a r te rm , and
in January w hen Ira k e l erand
H arold Halvorsen res.gned. 1
was p a n of a c o a litio n of
neighboihood groups asking
that at east one of the board
m em bers be a person livin g
r an area actually affected by
u rra n renew al. Each tim e we
are ignored by a ll but one
m em ber of the C ity C ouncil.
The c u rre n t PDC board
m em bers live in D u n th o rj« ,
Visitor
M t. I a to r, P ortla nd Heights,
and now, the lo w est a, co in tee.
D r. Jen k in s, lives m I igard'
Obviously none of these a ie a s
will 1« facing t e real prob
lem s of urban renew al now or
.n the fo rs e e a ile future.
Is
it asking too much that
EVEN ONE ol ttie ¡« a rilm e m
bers know and understand
firsth a n d low the decisions
t'ley make affect the lives ot
neople in an urban renewal
reads
I .'ear M r:
D u rin g a vacation in my old
• unie state I noticed your ex
cellen t paper. D e sirin g to
read it w tien 1 ack in M alania
1 thought it bast to give tlie
sub scrip tion to tlie Itlr a r y oi
the college w liere I teac so
P at others an share it w ith
m e.
a re a ?
\pp aren tly M a yo r schrunk
(who makes the appointments
and th ree of ou r C ity Com
m issio n e rs (who continually
vote to approve thenn think so.
D r . \ . B rettau er
M île s College
Birmingham, Materna
S in cerely ,
C a ry l W aters
3805 N .E . Ibth
P o rtlan d , O regon 97212
W ith Ron Hsndren
A Y O U N G V IE W OF W A S H IN G T O N
A FRESH LOOK AT TWO DIRTY WORDS
By Ron Hendren
WASHINGTON “ Juvenile" and “ delin
quency" are words which, when used
together, are sure to arouse the passions
o f Americans in all parts o f the country
And w ith good reason Juvenile arrests
for violent crimes have risen a whopping
167 percent in the last decade, and today
almost two-thirds o f all arrests fo r serious
crimes are o f persons under the age o f 21
The picture is bleaker still. According
to a recent F B I report, upwards of 85
percent o f convicted youths who have
spent time in some sort o f reform school
end up com m itting second offenses, often
more serious than the first
This tragic ineffectiveness in dealing
with juvenile crime prompted the House
o f Representatives recently to pass H R
15635, the Juvenile Delinquency Preven
tion Act of 1972, which promises a new
emphasis on reaching and helping trouble
some children before they become
delinquent.
I f the b ill passes the Senate, as is
likely, the century-old era o f reform
schools w ill be on the way out o ffic ia lly
Its demise has already been heralded in
many states, including Massachusetts,
where America's first publically run re
form school was opened I 26 years ago.
The Lyman School for boys was con
sidered a model institution at the time o f
its christening in Westboro in I 846. and
was widely imitated here and in Europe
Today it is closed, and by the end o f this
summer Massachusetts w ill not be
operating a single juvenile prison Florida,
California and Minnesota- are among a
host o f other states which are following
suit
No one is absolutely certain why
reform schools failed Their ineffective
ness has been laid variously to financial
c o r r u p tio n
and physical brutality
“ Stockyards for wayward children no
body else wants," one congressman called
them
In addition to their near total failure
at rehabilitation, the costs per child in
these institutions often range from
$10,000 to $12,000 per year
more
than most families earn
Half-way houses and foster homes are
two substitutes currently in vogue to
replace reform schools Some are proving
successful, at least in attaining certain
minimal goals Libra House, an experi
mental half-way home in Cambridge,
stresses the need fo r a highschool educa
tion as an effective incentive to con
tribute to society, and thus an im portant
deterrent against repeated offenses Har
vard students tutoring convicted juveniles
report the youths generally have a strong
and sincere motivation to learn
O f the 200 juveniles who participated
during the last twelve months in the
Community Aftercare Program, a similar
effort in Boston, fewer than ten percent
have been re-arrested As Fast Boston
Parole Officer John Granara asserted
about this positive approach to rehabilita
tion, “
for many it is the first time
they have been able to feel they are
needed by anyone ”
But these alternatives to reform
schools are not w ithout their critics, some
of whom see the end result as pampering
instead of punishing The Community
Aftercare Program, for example, has
come under strong criticism for providing
a $5-per-week incentive to delinquents
for regular attendance at training sessions
Nevertheless, most admit that these
innovative methods do provide tome re
habilitation, and that in itself is a marked
improvement over the past Moreover, the
new Juvenile Delinquency Protection
Act, if enacted, w ill provide an additional
basis for reaching troublesome youngsters
even before they become delinquent
Preventing delinquency, coupled with
increased, effective efforts to rehabilitate
those juveniles who have already com
mitted crimes, may provide a means to
minimize lawbreaking by youths And to
the degree that we are successful in
curbing juvenile delinquency, crime in
general ultim ately w ill be diminished
Certainly there could hardly he a more
laudable and needed undertaking
Vernon
L , J o n la 'i,
Jr.
I e su p rem e C ourt ended
its 1971-7.’ term w ith tie
d r a i iu t , e d ' e a t tem ng vei -
d iet
that ! a:,s t 1« .le a f
«nalty as it "W e x is ts . I is
is sumetl i • Io i overdue,
s in c e t l « death ,«nalty is a
c r e e l a id unusual pums ment
t; a t a
i
i J
c r im i• atory fas' i, i. C J u s
oi issu es ot (« rso iial uxi
civil i c' ts in favor .it pi o-
v i ty rights i d local gov-
e, m en t. I 1« c le a re s t indi
cation ot tl« C ourt . turn-
at'o u id on equal l ights was
last ■ , tl ' ruling that p ri
vate I . s. even w l« n I ice xsj
by state agetu les, an pra< -
tice
a ll
tie r
tell
l i e C o u rt, in a dec ism au
thored ly J u s tic e Rehnquist,
tie u ltia cm iservative whose
appoi-tm ent was so bitterly
p ro te ste d ,
ruled against a
black man denied serv ice by a
M oose Lodge operating under
state liquor license and state
rvgulat m i.
I ’ uigood M a t s t
pom ted out, tie ¡«nalty
d isp i o(>oi lionately
on
l« o r , tie ig o ta n t, and
"tt«
the
underprivileged m e n d e r s ol
so ciety ."
t ut tie lact tlett tin s d e c i
sion was fy a slim 5-4 m a r
gin, and that the C ourt ten
tt e dooi o ie tin ic i slitution
of tlie death penalty hy states
wi ld provide tot u n d o n ti ap
plication oi o tle rw isc m eet
some ol 1!« Ju s tic e s ol e
lions indi a te s th eC u u rt stop
¡«d la r sh o rt ot tl« humane
goals ot outright abolition.
It also indicates t l« t 11«
post-W arre n C o urt is less
bold in ctiarging new paths
in law . t his was esp ecially
evident by another decision
an <xineed t l« same day that
s ta rp ly lim its t l« rig h ts ol
tlie pre ss.
LI la- k lewstnen
IK irters lost t l« n suit to p re
vent forced testim ony le iu re
g ra id u rie s tfiat could im p e ril
th e ir sources ol i« w s in fo r
m atio n. Since re p o rte rs have
teen called le iu re such tid ie s
as
p a rt of "fis h in g ex
p e d itio n s " fo r evd en ce, t ic
v e rd ic t could w ild u p 'a rm in g
die p u b lic's rig h t to know
and the freedom of tl« pre ss.
T 1« Supreme C o u rt’s re
cord th is pest year lias, in
general, feen ot« ot re tre a t
ta mi
d is c i uti mat to •
It this decision is an in d i-
ation that the C o u rt means
to
arrow
I lack people s
rig h ts ol access to | i ivate
fa c ilitie s licensed I y tl« state,
a recent school desegregation
case
ixild n d ica te trouble
ahead in that atea as w e ll.
11« C o urt ruled, (7 a slim
5-4 vote, f ia t a sm all town
in V irg in ia whose schools
were
pied om in ately white
could not secede trom a school
d is tr ic t whose schools were
predom inately th ic k .
H e real significance ot t l« t
case is tliat fo r t l« f ir s t
tune since tt« h is to ric 1954
decision uutlaw i g school se
gregation, t l« C o u rt was less
than unanunuus on a m a jo r
case in tliat fie ld . The firm
stand shown in j« s t cases
lias leen broken;
01« vote
sepaiated v ic to ry trom defeat
on a cru cia l school in te g ra
tion case.
With a num ter of vital
school cases coming up in
tlie ta il te rm , this , ould mean
that the C o u rt w ill iom o tte r
h ia n c i« s oi tl« governm ent
in re treatin g trom the e lfo it
to Im ally desegiv.'.ite \m e r i-
ca 's school*.
I ins narrow
d e, ismn rin gs .1 warning t»jll
lo t tt«* fu tu re .
t u « ot tl« t a li m a rk * of
the W at ten C o u rt was its re l-
uigs enlarging t l« protection
given the rig h ts of d c fe iila n ts
1.1 cd w ilt t l« jm wer ot tl«
•late, but two recent ru lin g s
show that tl« C o u rt is taking
a strong “ law - and - order'*
sta id against 1 d i v i d u a l
rig h ts .
In 01« case, it reled tliat
su si« ts are not e n title d to
legal assistance j t ,ml ice
lineup dent if n at ions le fo re
the
fo rm e r
c le rg e s
ate
brought. |n another, perhaps
m o te im portant , ase, it reled
that ju tie s in most c rim in a l
rases ui state cou rts can con
v ic t de le ida nts hy less than
the unanunuus vote t l« t has
l« e n a h a llm a rk ot our system
ol ju s tic e .
I his ra ise s t l« question of
what hapiens to guarantees
tlia t g u ilt m ust le d e te rn m e d
“ le y u rd any sliaduw of a
doubt'* if |c u p lc w ill le sent
to ja il on M to 4 a id 9 to 3
ju ry votes? B lack defeidants
e s je c ia lly , an expect little
ju s tu e
a id e r
tle s e
,«w
re lin g s .
T lie sc are just a haidful
of 0 « cases tlia t, taken to-
ge ttier, indicate a tu rn a ro u id
by tt« Supreme C o u rt, 1 fiat
is w iiy we look to the coming
C o u rt te rm w ith apprehension.
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^Copyright 1972 by
WASHINGTON WEEKLY, Inc
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