/(b s e rv e r
UL director says
Black’s are expendable
Hy D r. Benjamin F.. Maya
We need to le caieful how
we laugh at politicians who do
udd things, often these odd
things ate what the people
want. George Wallace stand
ing In tlie door In an attempt
to keep blacks fio tn enrolling
In the U niversity of Alabama
helped Wallace p o litica lly.
Lestei Maddox using the ax
handle ami waving a pistol
to keep blacks out of hla res
taurant did much to get Mad
dox elected Gove m oi of Geo i -
«1«.
When o rv llle f-'auhus defied
the Federal court outers to
keep nine blacks out of a L it
tle Rock High School, it (wip
ed him p o litica lly . It helps
especially if tlw persons In
volved ate blacks o r an un
de nlog. It helped H itle r wlien
Iw turned on tlw Jews in G er
many,
To state It another way, a
white man's attitude toward
blacks seldom prevents hla
rise to political power. Tlw
black man Is expendable. F o r
many decades, racism was an
asset to gain political office.
Woodrow Wilson is acclaimed
by many as a great man. But
while Iw was preaching Demo
cracy fo r tlw world, he was
segiegating blacks in federal
Ixilldlngs in Washington, D.C.
Wallace more
than any
otlw r, except rnaytar president
Nixon, marie husing a nation
al campaign issue. He made
some othercandldatesdeclare
themselves against busing.
Senator Jackson, a great I lit
eral, was as much opposed to
luslng as Wallace. Senator
Humphrey equivocated a bit
wlwn President Nixon made
Ids declaration against bus-
big.
The luslng Issue has, ce r
tainly for tlw moment, pushed
the Vietnam War Into the back-
grtMItld. 1 he busing Ins taken
on national proportion so much
so (hat after much debuting a
moratorium on Ixising is pan
anil parcel of the $ IS billion
b ill fo r education. To tack It
on to tlw most Important piece
of legislation ever proposed to
Iwlp Illg lair education is signi
ficant indeed.
As long as segregation was a
it s
ail over
I
Southern problem, tlw North
could be self i Ighteous and
point the finger of scorn at
the South. Now tire North is
also deeply involved in school
desegregation, the two sec
tions walk hand In hand to
oppose Ixising. How strange!
School children have teen
bused In thlscountry, Iw re anil
there, fo r 100 years o r more.
Even now 43 per cent of school
children are bused each and
evory day and only 3 percent
lias to do with racial balance.
Anri yet we have made a moun
tain out of an ant h ill in tlw
Ixising situation. Whenthego-
Ing gets hard. North ami South
luck down If tlw black man is
involved. It happened in 1877.
I Miring tlw Post Reconstruc
tion years tlw 13th, 14th and
15th Amendments to tlw I 'n lt-
od States Constitution were
ernusculated in toto In many
sections of this nation.
What w ill happen to the Ed
ucation B ill now before Con
gress is not certain.
The President Is on tils way
toward dominating both Con
gress ami the Federal courts.
the executive d ire c to r ol
die National Urban I.eague
fears that "b la c k people are
going out of style*' and white
Americans,
weary o l
the
rectal struggle, w ill let die
movement w ittie r as w hite1
did a fte r the C iv il War.
Ihe Reconstruction Period
was a decade of "bold social
experiment amJ Innovation"
during
which blacks made
many gains in die firs t year-
altei the abolition of slavery
ami con>|uest of the confeder-
1 y. said Vernon Joidan.
White supremacists regain
ed die u p i«i hand in die South
d ie i die federal government's
initial fxii st ol enthusiasm for
black rights waned.
"Unce
again, the North
leems weary of the struggle,”
Joidan told the board of tru st
ee . of the league. He warned
d t the gains of the activists
I the 1960s may le eroded in
tlie 1970s.
"Once again, the i ighteous
ause of black people seems
relegated to National neglect.
C iting statistics that show
one-quarter o l a ll American
over age 65 live in poverty,
form er Senator W ayne Morse
urged Increases in Social Se
cu rity lieriefits ami medtci
care.
" I oday, more than 4.7 m il
lion individuals 65 and over
fall [«low the poverty line,
. " \ : „ 1 we
could abolish poverty among
tie elderly fo r what it costs to
run tlie war in Southeast Asia
fo r just three months. We
ixild broaden medical cover
age to include out-of-bospital
By Bryant Rollins
side, C a lif.; Ann A rbor, Mich.;
ami Boston, Maas.
D r. A rm o r conducted stan
dardized academic tests on
Black students from (he six
cities.
in all instances, " tlw Black
children showed no significant
improvement*
In the inte
grated settings.
In tlw Boston study, in fact,
elementary school pupils kept
in tlw predominantly Black
neighborhood schools per
formed slightly better than
those bused to middle-class
suburban schools.
The notion that Black c h il
dren learn test In an Inte
grated school setting is, I be
lieve, a fundamentally racial
notion.
In sim pler term s. It says
tliat anything that Is all-B lack,
such as a school o r school
system. Is by nature In fe rio r.
It says that anything that Is
all-w hite or mostly while is,
by Its nature le tte r, o r super
ior.
In other words, to say that
Black children w ill learn best
In an integrated school is an
other way of saying "W hite is
'IghC Black stay back."
With a ll die rhetoric about
Black Is Beautiful and soforth,
!t*s surprising that we haven't
overcome such basic negative
feelings about ourselves ami
our people.
D r. A rm o r's studydld, how
ever, make an interesting
point In favor of integrated ed
ucat ion.
He found that Black students
in Integi ated schools are more
likely to be channeled intocol-
leges and universities than
those in all or predominantly
Black schools.
This is nothing new to us.
F o r years, we have known
that guidance Counselors in
Black schools tend to discour
age rather than encourage our
children from aggressively
pursuing professional o r col
lege careers.
D r. A rm o r's study is Im
portant to Black pa rents in that
It arms those of us who feel
that the present solution to
urban educational problems is
not through busing ami odier
nwthods of integration, but
through
a massive two
pronged attack to bring quality
mine a lion to the innei cities.
F irs t: We must create suc
cessful alternative schools in
Black communities; schools
(vised on sound ami progres
sive educational concepts;
schools that experiment with
new curricula ami teaching
techniques; schools that con
vey to our children that pecu
lia rly Black culture ami s p irit
combined with solid academ
ic standards.
Second: We must gain poli
tical ami economic control of
dw public schools In Black
communities and begin to
transfer (be lessons learned
in alternative schools into the
public
schools w tere the
masses of Black children re-
ma In.
I! we use it properly, the
Information in D r. A rm o r’
.tudy can represent a sig n ifi
cant step in both of these
directions.
t >ne of the m ajor blocks in
tlie development of alterna
tive all-B la ck schools and the
snuggle fo r quality education
in innei city public schools has
teen the way in which Black
in leadership positions, aril
ordinary m iddle-class Blacks
as w ell, have assumed that
they had to move out in ordei
foi their children to learn
w e ll.
This has had the effect of
fra ctu iin g and dividing our
energ les.
While many Black parent
may s till want to send then
children to integrated schools
fo r personal, non-educatn nal
reasons. It is n o l ngerneces-
sary fo r any Black parents to
(eel that he must do so in or
der to obtain a le tte r education
for his child.
This puts the Ixising issue
Into Its p ro je r perspective.
Busing should be maintained
as an option fo r those parents
who, fo r personal reasons,
want th e ir children to attend
schools with white children.
I believe that the num lers
alone, however, require that
we turn our energies and at
tention to tlie schools in Black
communities.
Most Black
bildren aie captives of tliese
schools.
Parents, teachers and stu
dents must begin to join to
gether in a massive effort to
levelop alternative se m i-p ri-
vale schools; and to gain ful
ummunity control of the pub
lic schools.
th is is not the time to aban-
lon the unsuccessful attempt
to decentralize control of tie
schools.
Now is tie time to move
from decentralization to full
community control.
Integration has not worked.
Whites controlling predom
inantly Black schools has not
worked.
There is no o tte r reason
able option.
Representative John Con
yers, J r., | lernocrat from
Michigan, is preparing a reso
lution calling for the impeach
ment of President Nixon fo r
"exceeding his Constitutional
authority to w age w a r.”
A m ajority vote is required
In the House to bring thePres-
xlent before the l .S. Senate fo r
tria l. A conviction which would
force his removal from office
requires a tw o -th ird s vote in
the Senate, only President
Antirew Johnson has faced im
peachment, in 1868, and that
e ffo rt failed.
Postal Academy to close
Hie Postal Academy P ro
gram, loc.it«) In six cities
across tlie country, involving
approximately 1500 staff and
students at an annual budget
o l 4 m illio n d ollars has been
evaluated by the I >epa rtment of
Labor as an “ asset to their
c itie s ." Ih e evaluators took
time to document die " a ir of
exuberance" In these store
front schools accommodating
young high school dropouts
looking forward to th e ir High
School Equivalency Diplomas
a.xl a chance fo r a college
experience.
Despite proven success and
die crying need to restore the
victim s of our Inner city
schools, the Postal Academy
Program
Is being closed
down!
The Postal Academy P ro
gram has Its roots In the
decade long experience of the
New York Urban I.eague
Street Academy Program .
■ here, a handful of men dally
fac«l the desperation on the
faces an) In the hearts of
urban youth and slowly evolv«l
the concepts and practices
which became Street Acade-
n iW t and Harlem Prep. Late
In 1969, a few of the leailers
In New York brought thelrvast
experience
and successful
motel to Washington and con
vinced the Post Office Depart
ment, Labor and O.E.O. to
inaugurate a (« to ta lly funded
program m arrying the con
cepts ami experience of the
street academies with the re -
sou ic e s of the Postal Service.
The academy staff was
select«!
p rim a rily
from
quallftod postal employees in
terest«! In dealing with youth,
who were then detail«! to the
prugiam fu lltim e . Academy
students received part-tim e
Jobs In the Post Office In the
evenings. In addition, tfe Post
Office provided such services
as educational m aterials from
their dead le tte ro fflce , trans
portation and administrative
support.
More important than tlie
structure mid services to the
success ol tlie Postal Academy
Program is the attitude which
the staff has toward high
school drop-outs. It Ixdieves
that students In the academies
have as high o r higher poten
tia ls then those who remain
in school.
It feels they
dropped out fo r a variety of
reasons that often had nothing
to do with academics- need
fo r a job, re te ll ion against
the public school society,
trouble with the law, fam ily
d iffic u ltie s ,
pregnancy.
Therefore, It feels that if an
atmosphere of learning and
development different from
the public school which they
left can 1« cre a t« l in the aca
demy, there Is no reason that
the students could not achieve
For thia reasot^ II emphasizes
motivation, self concept, ami
academics rather than Job
training.
F o r this reason,
too, it encourages the stu
dents to aspire high - beyond
the CED to further «lucation
or to a Challenging career.
The program emphasizes
three points which It believes
are important in its ability
to reach dropouts. F irs t, It
telleves that academics must
te set in the student's life
context ami that his everyday
needs must be met as well
as his academic needs. Thus,
tie academies have unique
staff m enders called street
workers, who establish close
relationships with students,
counsel them, and meet th e ir
housing, job, health, legal,
ami other personal needs
wlenever required— regard
less of tim e o r day. It Is
trying to correct a fa ilu re of
tie public schools ami most
social service agencies which
only deal with a part of youth's
life ami to come to term s with
his total life.
Secondly, tie Postal Aca
demy Program believes that
tie establishment of friendly,
trusting relationships among
staff and students Is a pre
requisite fo r motivation ami
learning to take place. Thus,
in tie selection of staff, the
D ire cto r of an Academy places
greater emphasis on tie
ability of the staff member
to convey genuine concern,
respect, ami appreciation to
the students than on his aca
demic o r professional creden
tials.
T h i r d l y , the program,
through Its academic and re
lated a ctivities, attempts to
help the student to place all
knowl«lge, skills, ami con
cepts in a context of a la rger
search fo r adequate values ami
life style fo r a |»rson of tlie
future. It Iielleves that know
ledge is worthless unless a
student places It In a context
of what he thinks is important
" T o be blunt, it appears that
black people are going out of
style, that our aspirations and
ideals are being shunted aside
as the Nation's energies are
diverted to other Issues in
what appears to be a faddist,
escapist rush from the de
cisions
and basic changes
needed to resolve tlie tru ly
crucial issues of ou so cie ty."
*
SHOP
Once again, a period of Na
tional reconstruction and re
form seems doomed to be un-
flnislie<l ami uncompleted."
FO R #>
BRANDS you Icnov
VARIETIES you Uki
SIZES you w a n t
The Friendliest
Stores In Town|
Since 1908
•
I a d ,...... . 1 ^ . o .’ T . i T a x .
• MEMBfR OF UNITED GROCERS
Morse asks aid for eldely
A myth of integration
At last, someone has crane
forth with hard data that de
stroys tlw myth that Black
children learn to read, w rite
and count Iwttei w lw ntlw yare
sitting in ra cia lly integrated
classrooms than in all-B lack
classes.
P rof. David J. A rm o r, a
white sociologist from Har-
vaid U niversity, has Just re
leased results of a study con
ducted in six cities which
shows (h it Black children, in
fact, do not learn le tte r In In
tegrated schools than In a ll-
Black schools.
Not only that, but according
to (he study, racial integr at ion
in echoola terxls to heighten
racial awareness and to in
crease
die desire among
Blacks fo r separation from
whites.
3 Ida study, (to le published
in fu ll) in tlw Summer Issue of
"T h e Public Interest*' Is Im
portant reading lo r all parents
concerned about the education
of th e ir children.
T h is report destroys two
myths:
1. Our child rendo not neces
sarily learn le tte r in Inte
grated schools.
2. The fact of Integration,
Black and white side by stile,
does not Improve race rela
tions, It worsens race rela
tions.
The study was conducted In
White Plains, N.Y.; New Haven
ami H artford, Conn.; R iver
I bursday, J
11
to him and what lie wants to
do with his life .
In May 1970, the Postal
Academy
Program
firs t
opened its doors to an initial
group of 250 students in sites
in five c itle s -A tla n ta .C h i a-
go, I >etroit, San Francisc md
Washington, D.C. located in
a variety of renovated com
munity buildings in the ui San
centers. Each of the aca
demies recruited an initial
group of fifty high school dr p-
outs, aged 16-22, under the
direction of a local community
oriented D ire cto r.
In the two years since then,
tlie PAP ad.led two new aca
demies in the existing cities
and opened a new academy
in Newark. The enrollment
has grown to 1,275 and the
academies are showing the
firs t fru its of success. As
of January 1972, scarcely one
and one-half years after open
ing, the Postal Academy Pro
gram has recorded 58 students
who are Incollege, 95 students
who have received their high
school equivalency diploma,
103 students who entered full
time employment, 16 students
who entered the armed set-
vices, ami 57 students who
returned to public schools.
In November 1971, the Depart
ment of Labor conducted an
extensive evaluation ami had
high praise fo r the quality of
die staff ami of the educational
program andofthcenthusiastn
of the students.
In its firs t year of operation,
the Postal Academy Prugiam
was fInane«) by the Depart-
inent ot Labor ami the Office
of Econumtciipportunity while
the Post office Department
contributed ten percent of the
total 4 m illio n budget. As
now, no formal funding a r
rangements were established
ami the money was allocated
through informal arrange
ments between the Secretaries
of Labor and OEO ami then
Postmaster General Winton
Blount.
prescription drugsforw hatw e
now spend on a single a irc ra ft
c a r r ie r ."
Morse made these rem arks
in giving tfie keynote address
to the annual meeting of the
Oregon State Council on senior
C itizens.
Reminding the audience that
he was a sponsor of one of the
firs t Medicare b ills , Morse
noted, "M edicare now cov
ers only 43 percent of th e ir
health care expenditures. And
that coverage is being fu rth e r
eroded with the proposed cut
backs and rising medical care
costs."
"T h e sad truth is that se ri
ous illness strikes with much
greater frequency and sever
ity at a time of life when in-
:omes are most lim ite d ,"
Morse
continued,
“ Older
Americans have health b ills
averaging $800 a y e a r.”
Turning to Social Security,
he said he has always sup
ported cost of living increases
in benefits, m t added, "S ocial
security benefits m u s tfirs tb e
raised to a more re a listic lev
el ie fo re employing this esca
lator mechanism."
Morse said the problem of
aging reaches down into the
40's and 50's, as men are be
ing forced out of th e ir jobs be
cause of age discrim ination,
despite
laws against such
practices. "W e cannot afford
to take a productive man out of
a productive job simply on the
basis of age."
He added, "W e must ex
amine alternatives to the "all
o r nothing’ principle by which
one must either work o r re
tire , to prov ide fo r such alter
natives as phased retirem ent,
sabbaticals, and p a rt-tim e
permanent employment.”
Our country cannot allow
compartmentallz«!
bureau
cracy to destroy the hopes of
thousands of young dropouts
attempting to make it within
the system.
>
Stainless Steel
Blades
Guaranteed to
Stay Sharp For
30 YEARS
' < 7 » ♦ *' | ,
Y es, you g e t a ll 17 s u p e r-s h a rp k n iv e s fo r o n ly
$ 9 .9 5 !
D e lu xe se t in c lu d e s a ll the k n iv e s you
need fo r food p re p a ra tio n , c a rv in g and s e rv in g -
sh ip p ed d ire c t to you from the m a n u fa ctu re r in
S o lin g e n , W e st G e rm a n y!
You w o u ld n o rm a lly
e x p e c t to pay S2 each fo r kn ive s o f th is q u a lity
and handsom e d e s ig n . This b ig 1 7 -p ie c e s e t of
im p o rte d C u tle ry is a c tu a lly g u a ra n te e d n o t to
need sh a rp e n in g fo r 30 years from d ate o f p u r
c h a s e ! O rder TODAY. S u p p lie s lim ite d .
M A IL O R D E R M A R T . D ept
Chuck Stone, resigning from
his position as m inority af
fa irs d ire cto r fo r the Educa
tional Testing Service, said
the company’ s college en
trance exams that a re given to
hundreds of thousands of gra
duating high schoo students
across the country, are dis
crim in a to ry. He said the tests
do not measure creativity and
that the E.T.S. tests reinforce
racism.
2701 S terlington R d
M onroe. Louisiana
Please send me the 1 7 piece
16
Suite 132
71201
m ported knife set
com pletely satisfied, I w ill rttu r n
refu nd
it
If I am not
w ith in 10 davs for a full
Nam® ,
Adórni
City __
S ta te .
Z'P_
OPEN SATURDAY MORNINGS
MODERN
LIFELIKE
Who w ill suffer? Those
with careers w ill continue.
Those in the Postal Academy
Program with credentials w ill
choose new jobs. Again, only
the students in the academy
w ill suffer, only they w ill
come to a dead end, maybe
the final deadend.
The Postal Academy Pro
gram must not be allow«) to
shut downl Pressure must be
brought on the offices of the
Postmaster General, the Sec
retary of Labor and tlie Sec
retary of Health, Education
and Welfare to face up to their
obligation to plrce the pro
gram in a suitable home to see
that it is refunded. The Office
of Management and Budget has
attempt«! to resolve this
dilemma but to no avail. Now
Congress must demand that
action te taken by the adminis
tration to preserve the only
successful alternative to the
inner-city dropout c ris is .
17-Piece
Deluxe >
Cutlery i I
. Set
for TOOTH EXTR A C TIO N S . YOU CAN
W EAR YOUR NEW DENTURE W HEN YO U W AKE.
SODIUM PENTOTHAL GIVEN BY
REGISTERED ANESTHETIST
Com « in early and we will try to
deliver your D entures the S A M E D A Y
Complete cooperation on All Dental INSURANCE PLANS
e e e
OPEN SATURDAYS . . . No Advance Appointm ent Needed
L O N G CREDIT TERMS A V A IL A B L E
PRICES ARE Q U O T E D IN A D V A N C E
o e e
Park Free - A n y Park 'n Shop Lot
HOURS:
Weekdays 8 30 a m . I o 5 p m
Saturday 8 30 a m
to I p m
DR. JEFFREY BRADY, DENTIST
SEMLER BUILDING
S W . 3rd & Morrison St Portland, Oregon
Take Elevator to 2nd Floor 3rd St Entrance
SALEM OFFICE
Phone: 2 2 8 - 7
1 l O ’Zi C o m m e r c ia l S t. N .l.
545
S41-M4S