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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 22, 1922)
10 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1922 VIAVVlti having a share ot the tax burden established BY henry L. TITTOCK , assumed by the newly created Published by The Oregonian Pub. Co., , wealth on reclaimed areas. Re 135 Sixth street, Portland, Oregon. suits in the Yakima valley, eastern U. A. MOHCEX, KB. PIPER, Manager. Editor. The Oregonian i5 a member ot the As sociated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publi cation of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and alro the local news published herein. AM rights of publication of special dis patches herein are also reserved. Subscription Ka tee-Invariably in Advance. (By Mall, In Oregon, Washington, Idaho and northern California.) 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Postage Rates 1 to 16 pages, 1 cent; 18 to 32 pages, 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, S cents; 50 to 64 pages. 4 cents; 66 to 8Q pages, 6 cents; 82 to 96 pages, cents. Eastern Business Offices Verree A Conklin, 800 Mi.ilson avenue. New York; erree & Conkim, Steger building, Chl CRgo; Verree & Conklin, Free Press build ing. Detroit. . Mich.; Verree ft Conklin, Monadnock building, San Francisco, Cal. -CONSTRUCTIVE ECONOMY. In the name of economy the di rector of the budget recommends that .' congress' appropriate a far smaller turn -for rivers and har bors than is needed to do the work authorised by congress at the last session. The Smith-McNary rec lamation bill is opposed, both on the ground that the government cannot spare the money and on the ground that it will cause in creased crop production in compe tition'with farmers who have dif ficulty in obtaining a living price. No appropriation has been made for highways, and the entire pro gramme of federal aid may be abandoned for the sake of economy. Saving money in that manner is not economy. Elimination of wasteful spending is one-half of economy; the other half is to spend what is thus saved on means to produce more wealth. What the American people want is construc tive economy, whereby additions will be. made to the productive wealth of the country and the .cost of production and distribution will be reduced. We do not suggest that the government go into busi ness as a manufacturer, farmer or merchant, but it is a proper func tion of government to improve and maintain waterways and harbors, to build highways and to reclaim land much of which is its own property. Though these expendi tures are not intended as invest ments to return a profit, they ac tually make a return to the gov ernment in the shape of increased revenue from the (greater wealth of the people. This return is now largely direct, for the income tax is the largest source of national revenue, and its yield grows with the incomes of the people. By making transportation cheaper and more efficient on river, sea and highway and by enlarging he area of productive land the government would swell its revenue by swelling the aggregate national income. One of the large factors in re stricting the farm price of crops and in enhancing the cost of manu factured goods and fuel is the high cost of transportation. An other is the inadequacy of our transportation system to carry the traffic of the country. Julius H. Barnes has shown that the car shortage cost the farmer 10 cents a bushel on wheat and in the same proportion on other products. The same cause limits production of mines, lorests and factories, fnr it is useless to produce what cannot u. snipped to the consumer.' It may safely be said that the maxi mum to. which production can ex pand is the amount that we can niiisport. xne railroad system cannot be expanded fast enough to make good the present deficiency much less to carry the potential in crease. Parallel with that expan sion should go improvement of in landl waterways. When fully de veloped, they could carry as much traffic as could be added to the total of the railroads by possible expansion of the latter, and the cost would be far less. Water transportation on modern craft be tween well equipped ports would reduce freight, rates generally. Harbor improvement is necessary to obtain full service from our merchant marine and to sale of our goods abroad. Great increase of mtercoastal shipping has made good harbors an adjunct to do mestic transportation, as much so as railroad terminals. In general, reduction of the cost of transpor tation and adequacy of the entire system can be most economically achieved by development of all facilities for carrying by water. . Automobiles have made high ways into arteries of interstate traffic for freight as well as pass engers therefore a proper subject l.tv, ?era! aCd0n ln c-Peration with the states. They are adapted to short-haul traffic and to be feeders of both railroad and water way The saving in cost of hauling by truck over payed roads as against dirt roads raises the price tor the producer, often lowers the price to the consumer and leads to cultivation of land that is re mote from railroads and water ways. Highways increase wealth and thereby increasa the public revenue. ' 1 Reclamation of land, either arid or swamp, adds to the food supply and develops markets for manu factures. Fear that it will enlarge farm production to the point where competition will force prices down to the injury of the farmer on non irrigated land is based on a mis conception. Several years must elapse before projects on which construction began at this time could begin to produce. The con suming capacity of the world is at an abnormally low level, and can only increase. If the farmer would .C r V. , no wouin see that his interest lay in supporting a foreign policy that would stabilize world economic conditions. When mat was aoeompllshed, both for eign and domestic demand for farm products would grow far h. yond any addition to the supply mat uait posstoiy he made hv re claimed land at the expiration of ine period occupied in its reclama A tion. Farmers would benefit by Oregon, southern Idaho and Ari zona prove that, from a business standpoint, the investment is amply I justified. Government policy should not be adapted only to the present strait ened state of its finances and the present depressed state of world trade. It should aim to equip the nation for the near future, when the world will be recovering "and will demand a yearly larger vol ume of American products. With regard to its transportation system the United States resembles a boy who has outgrown his clothes. The only course is to buy a larger suit, in which he will have room to grow. That implies improved waterways and harbors, highways, land rec lamation, that the nation's growth may not be stunted. DAMMING NIAGARA. Prohibition started with local option by municipal units through out the United States. It was early discovered that no small town or other community could remain a dry oasis in a wet desert if the surrounding territory permitted the manufacture, sale, import and export of liquor. Gradually, pre cinct prohibition was extended to county prohibition, and then to state prohibition. In every case it transpired that complete enforce ment of the law was impossible so long as importations from the out side could be made. The pro gressive experiences of the town, county and state are now being re peated' in the United States. An ocean-going barge, liden with 4000 cases of whisky (48,000 bottles, we guess) was captured the other day off the city of New York. The prohibition officer who had made the arresa offered the interesting-observation that there were at present more runi-smnggling craft off the New Jersey and Long1 Is land coasts than ever before, with car goes worth millions of dollars. The skip pers are growing desperate at their in ability to run the gauntlet and establish connection with their bootlegging part ners ashore, he asserted. Here and there a booze ship has hard luck, but on the whole the illicit industry thrives. The loss of a .day's supply to the thirsty denizens of New Tork is incon venient, but not serious. The other caravels will lie around, outside the three-mile limit, and finally get their precious cargo inside. President Harding may talk to the governors about enforcement, and the governors may shake their wise heads and go home and talk to the moral squad, and the moral squad may make a grand sally at a hotel or, surprise a moonshiner at his still all of which makes fine publicity in the newspapers. The clergymen may get together and adopt denunciatory resolu lutions and thus provide more fer vid publicity. But a thousand times as many law enforcement of ficers as we now have will not make prohibition a fact until the supply of liquor is stopped at its source. The only place to dam Niagara is above, not below, the falls. WILLAMETTE UNIVERSITY'S 8UC . CESS. , The response of the people of Oregon to Willamette university's appeal for an endowment fund of $1, 250, 000 is first gratifying and then amazing, . under all the cir cumstances, and affords material for philosophic reflection. It consti tutes a significant recognition of the high order of educational ef fort of which this privately-endowed institution of higher learning has proved itself capable and it indi cates, if we read the signs aright, that the people are not ready, as yet, to abandon the purpose which such schools fulfill. They, do not concede that it is wise to commit the intellectual and moral train ing of - youth exclusively to the state. There is to be, it not com petition, at least emulation in schooling and, in any event, a cer tain freedom of individual choice. The breadth of the principle of which the success ot the campaign is an indorsement is indicated by the circumstance that a very con siderable proportion of the con tributors are men and women not members of the Methodist Episco pal church. Let it be -borne in mind that the sum or money provided is very large, all things considered. Of the tQtal, about a fourth is con tributed by a foundation of nation al .scope, on the usual condition that the remainder be provided by other sources. A few individuals of means have given generous sums. Faculty, students and alumni have furnished rather more, we should say, than their quota, on the basis of personal wealth. TJuis leaves considerably more than half a million dollars perhaps more than half of the entire sum which is now seen to be composed of a great many small contributions. These were made, as the news account reminds us, "by persons who recog. nized that Willamette university is an institution of vital importance in the development of the state." So it is. So also ls the spirit of sacrifice ; which undoubtedly has made success of the enterprise possible and which .must have pre vailed in noteworthy degree. Ore gon has experienced no unusual prosperity during the period Jn which this unprecedented canvass has been in progress. In a period of comparative commercial de- pression nearly a million dollars has been provided by the people, a great number of whom will reap no direct benefit. It is, all in all, a sig nificant testimonial of the fidelity of the public to the principle of Chris tian education and moral teaching and liberty of choice in education, and of its unwillingness to commit the entire task of the ethical super vision of youth to a state mon opoly. , It is fitting that Willamette should thus be the beneficiary of a fortunate union of opportunity with awakening conscience." His torically and sentimentally it ls as sociated with the very beginning of education west of the Rocky mountains. It is rich in memories, its early adversities are constant reminders of the lengths to which men will unselfishly go to help their kind, and its traditions are inspiring in the highest degree. It is a fact of importance that an in stitution possessing these endow ments should now be relieved, ai it measurably is, of pecuniary anxi eties and placed in a position to ac- complish the aim of its founders. They were men of long vision and it is pleasing to think that a great many years ago they foresaw the time when the world would look for guidance to the spiritually and morally, as well as the vocationally, trained. MR. HAYS' JOB. Mr. Patty Arbuckle was, after three trials, acquitted by a jury of the murder of Virginia Rappe dur ing a drunken debauch in .a San Francisco hotel; but he was con victed by the American public of outraging all the decencies. Last April Grand Chief Motion Picture Arbiter Will Hays expelled Ar buckle from the motion picture world by f orbidding use of his films. Now Mr. Hays ' duning a visit to Hollywood pardons Ar buckle. The Christmas spirit at Holly wood has a peculiar way of mani festing itself. In a few short months, it , appears to Mr. Hays, the disgusting Fatty has become a j new man. Didn't Arbuckle tell j him so? Nothing reforms a popu lar comedian so much as a few days in jail and three trials for manslaughter. The Oregonian has had a great many letters from Grand Arbiter Hays, all of them long, all of them filled with pleasing expressions of personal esteem, all of them elo quently descriptive of noble ideals for the movies, and all of them informative of changes for the better already accomplished. It is always delightful to hear from Mr. Hays. He writes a fine letter, and he knows how to get the newspaper ear. But he will not, in our opinion, get by with Arbuckle. Mr. Hays suavely an nounces that he is merely with drawing the ban, so that the public may decide whether or not it wants again to countenance Arbuckle. If that- is so if the public is always to be called on to judge, without restriction or any kind of previous censorship, whether or not a pic ture is good or bad, and the star deserves its confldence-'-just what is Mr. Hays' job? . -v. Mr. Hays, please write again. THE SHIPPERS' SIDE OF THE CASE Railroad employes are the loud est shouters for government owner ship of railroads, and their leaders try to line up the farmers with them. Farmers do not work on the railroads, but use them as shippers, and from the viewpoint of shippers they consider the respective ad vantages of public and private ownership. Not only are rates higher in every country where gov ernment ownership prevails than in the United States; service is worse. Good service means much to farmers, for much of their product is livestock, which needs, careful handling lest Its value be seriously impaired when it reaches market. In discussing this point. the Spokane Spokesman-Review quotes the following pertinent ex tract from the Pastoral Review, an Australian paper devoted to agri culture: '-.'"' Our ' producers have a lot to put ud with. They are, above all, harassed by our foolish system of state-owned rail ways. Their livestock are depreciated enormously on their Journey down to the meat works. Decade after decade passes and no improvements are made. Our railways are over a quarter of a century behind the times and on several of our state systems the men do what they like and there ls little discipline. As an in stance of how our cattle are ruined, from 31st of May to 19th ot August last, on the North Queensland line, which is practically in the hands of the employes, 15,654 cattle were sent down to one bis export company, and out of these S020 quarters were rejected as -too bsdly bruised for export, while more than that number were passed slightly bruised to hang up in Smithfield along side unbruised quarters from Argentina, wnere they are not foolish enough to have so-called estate-owned railways. With our present antedeluvian methods. not all the meat councils in the world would secure a better reputation abroad for our meat. It is a well-known fact that, in spite of the large increase made in the last few years, rates in the United States are far lower than in any country that has government-owned railroads. All agree that service might be far better, but it might be far worse, as In Australia, for example. Under the plan offered by our radicals the roads would be, as in Australia, "practically in the hands of the employes," and the property of farmers might be damaged by care ss handling through lack of strict discipline. THE MIND OF A DESPOT. Ex-Kaiser William's memoirs are interesting chiefly as revealing how he bears up under or tries to shake off the load of infamy that, has been heaped on him. Here is a man born to rule and to carry on the traditions of ancestors, who had ruled absolutely for eight centuries. He had been the most powerful monarch in the world, had aspired to more supreme power than had Napoleon at his zenith, and had been beaten in war and driven into exile by his people. The world is naturally curious to learn how he takes it with the fortitude ot one whose nerve cannot be shaken by misfortune, with the self-reproach of one who realizes that he has erred grievously or with the whimp ering of one who deems himself unjustly accused and who shifts to other shoulders the blame for what his own people consider monstrous blunders and for what other peo ples consider monstrous crimes. From beginning to end the book has the complaining tone of an egotist who thinks the world blind to his greatness of soul and genius, who takes to himself all credit for that part of his work which the world approves and who seeks a scapegoat for that which the world condemns, while he resorts to open mendacity when the truth is against him. His stories of the cause of the war, of the two Moroccan crises and of other events of his reign are examples. Few facts are better established than the Pots dam conference on July 5, 1914, at which the plan was laid for the Austrian ultimatum to Serbia, but he denies that it was held. His ministers' prior knowledge of the text ot the ultimatum has been proved by independent German witnesses and by means of docu ments, and his marginal notes on state papers show how closely he kept informed on foreign affairs, yet he says that he first learned Of the ultimatum from Norwegian newspapers while on a yachting cruise. ' . He persists in the fiction that Russia wanted and had prepared for war and says that, while the czar was thus employed, "I was) busy; at Corfu excavating antiqui - ties." If we were to bejieve him, foreign affairs were run by his ministers behind his hack and con- i trary to his wishes and when he figured in them he was overper suaded by his ministers , against his own judgment. His boastful speeches in the heyday of his power must have been addressed to the grandstand : in order to eover the puppet part that he played, if his own version is ta.be credited. In his own estimation the kaiser is a godly man. He has a chapter on his "Relations With the Church' in which he quotes a letter telling!11 ls Personal friend of the his own religious belief, and there are occasional allusions to,the deity. IIi3 conception of Christianity does not prevent him from saying: The achievements el the Uk boats aroused the admiration of the entire world and won the ardent gratitude of the fatherland. No does his piety forbid him to hate King Edward or to despise Czar Nicholas. So tenacious of power was he that, when told that only by abdication could he ob- tain endurable peace terms and avoid civil war, he wished to abdi- cate only as emperor, not as king of Prussia, and he complains that by announcing his abdication be fore it had been made, Chancellor Max snatched the decision from his hands. Then he pretends to have fled to Holland as a sacrifice to his people, though the allied troops were fast nearing his headquarters at Spa. An old saying of courtly flatter ers was that a sovereign was "every inch a king," implying that a king was the embodiment of all manly virtues. Americans who are free from the monarchist delusion will, after reading the kaiser's book, ap ply th.e phrase to him in the con trary sense. There seems to be something about the exercise of hereditary absolute power and the claim to divine right that causes kings and emperors to regard wrong as right, virtue as vice, when prac ticed by them to maintain their po sition. A myth of infallibility is necessary to keep alive the delusion in the popular mind, therefore all that turns out well must be cred ited to the king and all that turns out illmust be charged to his min isters. ' - . The same ideas may be traced in the acts and writings of other de posed monarchs. Thes phrase "every inch a king" can be- truly applied in its original meaning to some kings who head constitutional monarchies and who let the people rule in both theory and fact, but they are in a sense denatured kings. A shining example is Albert of Belgium, who never loomed so large morally as when his kingdom was reduced to a strip of flooded swamp. What a contrast between him and the exile of Doorn! This is distressing time for rich men like Ford and Rockefeller, as well as minor millionaires. If one gives a dollar to elevator man or janitor, he knows the recipient looks for more; if he gives a five or ten, he fears the lucky man will think he is showing off. Those instructors at North Caro lina state college who have -been dismissed for making home brew in their rooms should worry. With all that advertisement "they can start a home-brew class and make a good deal more than their col lege incomes. Prince Christopher of Greece, asked on his arrival in New York if he intended to go into business here, replied: "I'm afraid I haven't the head for it." Some successful business men in this, country shine shoes with their hands, not their heads. It is not enough to say that Americans who don't like the ways of Turkish courts should stay out of Turkey. The world ought to be reasonably safe for any man to travel in who is bent on a serious errand and is paying his way. This is no time of year for a man to be afflicted with amnesia, with his Christmas obligations and all that. How would he like it if his friends were afflicted that way?, A Chicago banker attributes the increase in savings bank deposits to bootleggers putting something by for a rainy day. Wise bootlegger! There will be a rainy day, all right In Detroit they're subjecting automobile speeders to intelligence tests, with astonishing results. Bet Detroit doesn't dare extend the test to her citizenry in general. To date the only enthusiasm over the announcement that Fatty Ar buckle is to return to the movies ls that evinced by Mr. Arbuckle himself. As one solution of the automo bile speeding problem, why not make the cars so they can't go faster than 30 miles an hour? Many a man will get a turkey for Christmas when he would be a lot more pleased if Santa Claus would bring him a sound digestion. A Chicago osteopath says monkey antics will prolong human life. They ought to be good for a laugh for the monkey, too. Ever consider that an orphan is in a bad way at holiday time and that a half-orphan may be worse off? Testing shows iriany speeders to be of a low order of intelligence. Of course. Only the feet function. They used to say, "Free as a bird." It will be free as a Calf tornia jailbird if the record goes on. Oregon wants advertising, but not the kind that tells of the unfilled Community Chest of Portland, t ' A negro who runs down a pedes, trian is no worse than a white man guilty of like offense. A Christmas gift every man would appreciate is an unlosable fountain pen. - There is a "rain" of turkeys on Front street. Picking our bird is easy. Consoling thought: There is no freeze in a fog around here. - Put the "change" in a pocket by j itself and buy seals with it, Stars and Starmakers. By Leone Cans Baer. John B. Hymer, who played in "Come on Red," a sketch headlin ing on the Orpheum this week, was given a taste of Christmas cheer at the home of Mr. and Mrs. J. T. Daly of 27 East Twenty-seventh street. Their daughter, Nellie Daly, who is known ; professionally as Ruane Hymer family and for three years was a member of Mr. Hymer's theatrical agency in New-Tork. She designed costumes and helped in assembling ' casts- for various pro ductions Mr. Hymer sent out. Miss Daly- is visiting in Portland at the home of her parents and during Mr. Hymer's stay the family entertained on several occasions in ms nonor. v. .t. o llnnor KJUV Ul 1S """" - party. to which were bidden many local folks who are interested in the theaters. ' - . 4 ' . . . : v This from the New Orleans Item will interest Portlanders who re member -Leona Powers and her clever artistry as leading woman 'with the Baker stock company. Miss Powers is playing star leads with the St. Charles theater stock com pany: "In honor of Miss Leona Powers, star of the "St. Charles theater stock company, the New Orleans Women's . Advertising club enter tained at a dinner in Holmes res taurant. -Miss Powers' mother, Mrs. Emily Powers, was also a guesf of honor." ' , Follows a lengthy and interesting report of the event; closing with a delightful little talk made by Miss Powers. Jack Johnson, the negro pugilist, is going in for Shakespeare and vows he'll play Othello. "Li'l Artha" was in Indianapolis last week with his ' white wife, Lucille who sought to recover her costly automobile seized by Sheriff Snider a year ago when it and the receipts of the Lenwood Amusement company were attached by William Bottoms, Chicago cafe owner, for an alleged debt Johnson owed him. She got the. car and Jack an nounced he is going to Morocco, .Africa, to head his own Shakes pearean company. Marie Tempest has gone to Eng land, called home by the illness of her mother. She has no immediate production plans, but expects to ap pear in London about the middle of February. She appeared earlier this season in America in "The Ser pent's Tooth," but the part was un suited to her and the play's7 career was brief. - Following in the wake of Isadora Duncan's performance at Macauley's theater in Louisville, in Which she was charged with a disregard for decency, police censorship of the theater and movies in Louisville has become operative. Two police women will censor the production of Louisville playhouses for the benefit , of the board of safety. " The board of safety .' now will notify the manager of the theater, the promoter of the show and the Individuals connected with it, that they will all be held responsible to the nature of the performance. On the morning after Miss Dun can's performance at Macauley's, the critic for the Courier-Journal scored her for disregard for decency under the head of "Isadora Smirches Art.' Extracts from the criticism fol low: .-.--' Miss Duncan may be paidoned for some of her hasty remarks she has made for the newspapers. She may be misunderstood and she may be laboring for the ultimate in art, but art cannot excuse the indecency she displayed in her final number last night. The climax came when a fasten ing of her dress a,t the shoulder broke and portions of her anatomy heretofore decently confined came into full exposure, an exposure the audience might have forgiven as accidental if . the dancer had not neglected when the dance was end ed to cover herself, thus leaving an ugly " blotch ln the recollection, of those who had been sympathetic to her during the earlier dance." Harry Martin, manager of Ma cauley's theater, held a confer ence with the board of safety, in which he regretted the objection able incident that occurred in Isa dora Duncan's dance. He showed the board five posters for advertis ing the Denishawn dancers. The board said that one of them was obviously indecent and that an other bordered on- the same line. Charles F, Huhlein, chairman of the board of safety, stated that "if any more exhibitions are given in Louisville like that of Isadora Dun can the perpetrator shall be indict ed. If they have left the. city they should be brought back and tried." George Ade is to write a play for Thomas Meighan. A Thanksgiving consultation was held at White Sul phur Springs, W. Va. Julian Eltinge has again changed his plans about sending out "The Elusive Lady," which " he recently closed after, a number of unsuc cessful weeks on the road. He is due for vaudeville for the balance of the season and will probably open in Boston. Mrs. Fiske in her new play, "Paddy," booked In for three days ln Pittsburg, opened Turkey day to two light houses and business Fri day and Saturday was equally dis appointing, in epite of the lure of the Fiske name. "Paddy" was not very kindly re ceived by the critics, although they warmly praised Mrs. Fiske for her delineation of the morphine fiend. The play is tragedy in spite of Its grim humor and is said to rank with Nance O'Neil'8 ' newest, "Field of Ermine." . - " Isadora Duncan is scheduled to deliver a sermon and, offer a dance on Christmas eve in v the Episcopal church of St Mark's-in-the-J3ou-werle in New Tork. The sermon ls to be on "The Moralizing Effect of Dancing on the Human Soul," and the church pipe organ will furnish the music for the dance. Dr. William Norman Guthrie is rector of the church. hose Who Come and Go Talea of Folk! at the Hotel. It would be an eyeopener to the average Portland resident if he would travel up Stanfleld way around this season. The sight the Port lander would have presented would astonish him. For miles and miles the eoimtrvside is dotted with sheep, i hundreds 'of sheep, thousands of sheep, tens of thousands of sheep. A pavement hound from the Rose City would gain some idea of the- extent of the sheep and wool indus- I try in Oregon from such a journey, j and it would tive him. something new to boast about when discussing i the state with visitors f rom other sections of the Union. . For around Stanfleld is a feedine trround for ' many bands of sheep and the alfalfa ; farmers prosper in consequence. snmo nnei-a tnrsi litis ai majiv as !n nnn ,k.n foodino- nenr Stanfleld. r, ... TJ'cMrgl mri rtH Af l.rA tll "1 float know, and it wouia o. "Vlr" in different works. a r a nr mtr i'i r- ri 1 1 1 I . i kh v i r i r are at least 100,000 sheep feeding , near Stanfleld," reports James Kyle, president of the Oregon irrigation VUUgl COO, .V 11-, J .1 . .fj ....... v..v .... - V. :a ( . .- rw 1 a. , h A Imperial; "Some big operators are feeding, in that section. There are many who have two and three bands, but a man who is running two or tnree oanos isn 1 uonsiuereu much of a sheepman in these aays. . The hay is sold in the stack and theient theory is the voung subsist on farmer? are doing well. There's dust found in the "cracks of floors, nlcntw how ovnllnhll, Tn Addition 'l 1 J- i l. ; " u. 1 vfc . to tne sneep mere are several nun dred head of cattle I don't know how many." . Long before man appeared on the face of the globe, and perhaps be fore there were many sea monsters either, nature was performing a wonderful work in a section of the world now knowi. as Lincoln county, Oregon. The particular work was the forming of agates, tons of them, ranging from tho moss agate to the water agate. Having made the jew els, nature passed on to other de velopments and a few million years later the particular spot where the stones were most . numerous was called "Agate beach, and Uncle Sam established a postoffice there. It is from this place that Mrs. B. Mc Cumber registers at the Perkins. No finer agates have been discovered anywhere else In the world than some of the specimens found near Agate beach. Havana is now thronged with Americans all the year round and the . metropolis of Cuba has never had such a lively night life. Cuba libre is more iibre than that of the United States, when it comes to the alcoholic contentT which is the main reason why there are so many peo ple from the states going to Cuba on every boat The American visit ors are putting a flood of currency in circulation, much to the satisfac tion of the merchants and hotelmen of Havana. Formerly Cuba consid ered Its tobacco crop and its sugar crop the backbone of the island re public, but the tourist crop gives promise of yielding bigger returns than either of the others. S. H. Churchman has arrived at the Im .perial from.Havana. "On the highways around Seattle. Wash.," explained H. G. La Forge, with all the pride of a Puget sound booster, as soon as snow appears men are sent out with plows and the roads are kept open so that traf fic is never held up." Mr. La Forge motored from the Eliot bay metropo lis to the Rose City and went from here in his machine to Hood River. He says that he had no difficulty in getting through, as he followed in the tracks of other cars, but he ad vises anyone wishing to make the trip to use chains. ' California ls attracting its usual crowd of winter tourists and San Diego is drawing its share. The tourists have a beaten, track to Ra mona's Home, to Old Town, to the mission and over to Coronado. The visitors are always at first impressed by the number of aeroplanes in the sky, for there are always many of these flying machines in sight. C. H Drew, who lives in sight of the kelp- strewn bay of San Diego, is regis tered at the Perkins. Tom Sherlock is in town, which means that a number of citizens of Boise, Idaho, are thankful. Mr. Sherlock has the reputation of being the most confirmed practical joker in Boise and he is always trying to "hang something on" a friend. Some day Mr. Sherlock will get his, and when he does Boise will hold a regu lar celebration. While in Portland Mr. Sherlock tried out a few of his ideas on former Boise people, R. M. Keips of White Salmon, Wash., Is at the Perkins. The ferry across the Columbia between White Salmon and the Oregon shore has ceased operations. The ' Columbia river is full of ice ln most places and frozen over in others. The condition of the stream is such that the ferry had to suspend some time ago and there Is no prospect of its resuming the. run for a month or more. , A "souvenir of the Astoria fire is retained by F. N. Whitman, who is among the arrivals at the Imperial. Mr. Whitman- was the manager of the Weinhard-Astoria, the leading hotel. The conflagration wiped out the establishment All that Mr. Whitman saved from the hotel is a pass key, and this he intends pre serving as a relic. Bus drivers of hotels report that several dozen men who came into the Union depot yesterday from Wil lamette valley points brought with them Christmas trees, Oregon grape and mistletoe, although these holi day decorations can be obtained within the city limits. . Mr. and Mrs. Douglas Hood of Madras, Or.; are at the Imperial. Mr. Hood is in the garage business. Madras was settled 20 years ago, the location being on Willow creek. It is on The Dalles-California highway, which is graded and surfaced from Madras to Bend. ; Twelve times Alma Voldish has crossed the United States. Miss Vol dish, who is registered at the Mult nomah, is a booking agent for at tractions and she is now on the coast in the interest of the Ukranian chorus. ... . Al Hendriksen, stockman of Cecil, Or., located on the Oregon-Washington highway, is registered at the Hotel Oregon. ' ' W. J. Underwood of Underwood, Wash., is at the Perkins with his wife. Underwood is in the mid Columbia region. R. Roy Booth, who has a farm a few miles out of Yoncalla, Or., is registered at the Imperial. S. . L. Eschen, lumberman from West Lake, arrived at the Multno mah yesterday. -.Headquarters of Ringllna; Circus. 1 ARLINGTON, Or., Dec 20. (To the Editor.) Where are the Ring ling Brothers' headquarters in win ter and who is the manager of the employment department? SUBSCRIBER. Write - to Rtngling Brothers, Bridgeport, Conn. Burroughs Nature Club. Copyright. Houghton-Mifflin Co. CAN YOB ANSWER THESE QUES TIONS t 1. How did codfish get their name? 2. Do vegetable eating animals ever consume their young? I ask because our young rabbits suddenly disappeared. 3. How big is the sparrow hawk, and does it live on sparrows? Answers in tomorrow's Nature notes. - Answers to Prevlooa Questions. 1. How do they get asbestos out of rock? Asbestos is the fibrous 'part of hornblende or chrysotile, and is freed by crushing the rock, passing the broken bits through rollers, and sometimes through a finer sort ot japprwo w&ucu nuci moio. 4u to be graded on shaking screens, an" -n imsencu iioeia tan men u "uv ""S" J V'm . u Preceding the utilization of the bers ln various more refmed 2. What is the life of a flea without food? The diet of the adult is blood of mammals. Formerly It was thought that the young were fed by the narpnt nn dried hinod: hut the nres. uiifieuuarus, lucre ueiiig cnuugu ill finestimal organic matter in this dust to nourish the larvae. 3. Why do the birds go so much more freely at times to one side of the grounds than the other, when the plants are about the same, as far as I can see? ' Possibly there may be some insect outbreak at one spot and they as semble there to feed. Or maybe one side of your grounds is better sheltered, and more comfortable as a feeding place. At migrating time, when birds are noticeable in com panies, you may see a large group feeding busily in spot not raked by Uie wind, when places similar in feeding supplies but exposed to wind will be empty. PRIMARY AIM OF PUNISHMENT Protection of Society Transcends Interest of Individual. PORTLAND, Dec. 21. (To the Editor.) In reading Judge Robert G. Morrow's letter ln The Oregonian I find that he says the purpose of punishment of a criminal as de scribed by the constitution of Ore gon is reformatory rather than the gratification of vindictive justice. It seems to me that the first ob ject of the punishment of a criminal should be to protect society from a repetition of hiss evil doings. The second object should certainly be to reform the criminal. Everyone hopes that the criminal will reform and stay reformed. But what is the effect UDon societv of pardoning even a reformed criminal? How many younsr men who are on the wrong track are watching to see how the criminals are treated in the state peniten tiary? If a man has reformed. should he be pardoned? I say em phatically no. Far better that he has reformed better for him. bet ter for his fellow prisoners, and better for the state. He (the crim inal) will not try to break from the penitentiary; he will require less watching, he will be a great help to his fellow criminals and can do more good there than if free. He knows the meaning of crime and the meaning of punishment. For ' this reason he can meet his fellow prisoners on a common ground and plead with them to reform. So, I say that he should serve out his required sentence, unless some mistake has been made by the judge in sentencing the man. If so, it should be remedied without delay. Why do I say that he should serve out his sentence? Simply to show the people of this state that in Ore gon we punish criminals. If I cut off my finger I must go without that member the rest of my life. This is God's law. If a man com mits a crime, is tried, found guilty and sentenced by the judge to serve a certain number of years in the penitentiary as a punishment for the crime, he should serve those years. They are not too long, as a rule. By so doing he will be ren dering justice to the state. He will also be. putting-into the heart of the evil-doer a wholesome fear which will help to lessen the ocean or crime- wnicn now afflicts our country. E. C. BROWN. Board Bill and Divorce. "MARSHFIELD, Or, Dec. 19. (To the Editor.) 1. If a man runs a board bill from October 1, 1921, until March 16, 1922, can he leave the state with the expectation of making his home in the east before settling the bill? 2. If a man marries under the name of Smith and takes an as sumed name "Jones," is it a legal divorce if his wife secures a decree under the assumed name with the names written this way: "Jones alias Smith" on the divorce papers? MRS. D. 6. W. . 1. Sec. 1966, Oregon laws, makeB it a misdemeanor to obtain food, lodging or other accommodations and then surreptitiously remove baggage without first paying or tendering payment for eaid food, lodging or other accommodations. 2. The divorce is unquestionably valid. Unless the wrong name is used fpr purposes of concealment or fraud the court would hold that the suit, had been properly brought. The complaint undoubtedly contained other allegations which sufficiently identified the defendant. Mine Sharea Based oh Footage. ' FOREST GROVE, Or., Dec. 20. (To the Editor.) I have had a con troversy about the sales of the Comstock mine stock in eaxly days. say from 1864 up. I claim that they were sold by the foot Were they sold by the foot? E. L. HEMINGWAT. In the early history of ffhe Corn stock lode shares representing in each instance a certain number of dollars a foot of lode owned by the operating company were commonly dealt in. This was the custom also in.some of the California mines, but was superseded when stock: 4n regu larly Incorporated companies was offered instead. ' "Men were trading and selling not chares but feet and inches on the various ledges of the Comstock group all through the eventful summer of 1859," says Charles Howard Shinn, in "The Story of the Mine," which gives the history of the Comstock lode. Contract en Legal Holiday. SALEM, Or., Dec. 20. (To the Editor.) Does the making of a con tract in Oregon on a Sunday- or on a legal holiday affect its legality?. For instance, would the making and delivery of a promissory note or mortgage on a Sunday or legal holi day affect its legality in Oregon? I. H. SMYTH. It would not be legal, . ' More Truth Than Poetry. By Jaaaew J. Hontas-ne. THE RUINED ILLUSION.. When Horace, the hero, is starving; When I see in his piteous gaze That he's not had a bite since last Saturday night A space of some two or three days; When' he hungrily clutches his stomach. Or passes his hand o'er his brow. And I know by the quake of his lip what a steak Would mean to the creature right now. My reason is moved to the query (Though my heart for the suf ferer' grieves) : What he does with the pay of six hundred a day Which his press agent says he receives? When Willa, the washwoman's helper. Sits sewing the tatters and tears, With but feeble success, to construct a whole dress Of the piteous rags that she wears, When she murmurs,, while over her apron The sorrowful tears trickle down, "Were I not a good girl I could get the old Earl To, buy me a Poire twill gown," My reason asks rather abruptly (Though I sigh at her pale hollow cheek): Why the girl was 60 rash as to spend all her cash? She get fifteen hundred a week! When Buddy, the four-year-old wonder, . Stands out in the cold and the rain Regarding the toys made for rich little boys With his face pressed outside of the pane; When he says on the sub-title legend, "That doll, with the nice curly head It would bring glad surprise to the sad little eyes Of my sister that's home sick in bed," My reason insists upon question As to why the kid stands there! and frets. When the doll could be had for a tithe of the scad This his press agent says that he gets No Wonder. After a little experience with Ire land, Great Britain made sure that her other possessions were located in extremely distant parts of the earth. Apparently even the Ku Klux Klan doesn't know where it stands on prohibition. Bilked. A thrifty soul in a New England town wants to sue an auto dealer because he has discovered that the tires on his new machine are a per-cent air. (Copyright, 1022. by Bell Syndicate, Inc.) In Other Days. Twenty-five Yeara Ago. From The Oregonian, December 22, 1SD". The relief committee of the Cham ber of Commerce will today take up a proposition of sending a relief party to Dawson, which promises to reach the starving miners at least a month earlier than the govern ment expedition. Seattle, Wash. One effect of extremely high rents in this olty has been to drive many stranger with their families to other places to live. Olympia is scattering cir culars broadcast in our streets with lists of the cottage rents there from 2 to $10 a month. Many are mov ing there and to Tacoma and Ev erett. Chicago. The Indians are said to be growing more restive as the first of January approaches, as upon that day all of their tribal courts will be abolished and file federal courts have full jurisdiction in litigation affecting the Indians. Reports have been received concerning an Indian plot to burn all the courthouses in Indian territory. KLAN AND THE SCHOOL BILL Measure Strongest In Counties Where Kn Klux Thrives. PORTLAND, Dec. 21. (To the Editor.) I notice that the Journal and also a correspondent in The Ore gonian pooh-pooh Governor Olcott'a statement that the Ku Klux Klan put the s choo blilal -ETAOIN put the school bill across In Oregon. The implication I get from the insistence of the Journal that the Scottish Rite Masons were back of the bill is that that fact, if It were a fact, would give the bill a sort of illustrious respectability that it would not have If the klan were responsible for its adoption. Well; we heard from a number of Scottish Rite Masons during the campaign who were opposed to the bill, but we never heard any oppo sition to it from an avowed klans man. The klan maty not be so old an order as the MaBons, but the boys are surely true to the unfailing bond. I don't, myself, admire the spirit In which the governor said the klan put the school bill across, and I don't like any better the Insinua tion by the Journal and your corre spondent that there would be some thing discreditable to Oregon and to the law Itself had the klan been the main force behind it which it certainly was. Just to prove that last statement, let's take a look at the election re turns. The klan is strongest in Multnomah, Lane, Linn, Douglas, Clackamas, Clatsop, Coos and Yam hill counties. These eight counties gave the bill a majority of more than 18,000. Tet the bill carried by j oniy n;821. Why, boy, Multnomah and Lane counties alone came within less than 1000 votes of putting tse bill over. If it had not been for the vote piled up in the counties where the klan is strong the bill would have been knocked out And there is no reason for any body to be under the delusion that a fine, friendly feeling wholly per vades the state over adoption of the measure. Of course, those who wanted it whether klansmen or not feel good over its success. Those who were against it are still against it and some-'of them ire sore enough, to make a fight in; the courts over It Those who toiled and sweated in behalf of awfully Americanized public school system expected that and are prepared for It ONE HUNDRED PER CENT. Simmons In Divorce Snlt PORTDAND, Deo. 2L (To the Editor.) In divorce proceedings can either husband or wife secure & di vorce without the one suing for di vorce giving the other legal notice? CONSTANT SUBSCRD3BR. Personal notice according to pre scribed forms would be required if the address of defendant is known to plaintiff; otherwise notice by pub lication. ;