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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 6, 1922)
8 THE MOKMNG OKEGOMAX, F1UDAY, OClOiiEK 6, VJ2 ESTABLISHED BY HENRY I. PITTOCK Published by The Orefcontan Pub. Co., 135 Sixth Street, Foreland. Oregon, C. A. MORDEX, SX B. PIPER. Manager, Editor. The Oreponlan Is a member of the As sociated Pre 88. The Associated Press 1 exclusively entitled to the use for publi cation of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dis patches herein are also reserved. Subscription Rates Invariably in Advance. . (By Mail.) Daily, Sunday Included, one year . . ..$8 00 Pally, Sunday included, six months -. -25 Daily, Sunday included, three months 2.25 Daily, Sunday included, one month 73 Dally, without Sunday, one year 6-00 Dally, without Sunday, sir months . , 3.23 Dally, without Sunday, one month ... t0 Sunday one year . 2.50 fBv Carrier.) Dally. Sundav included, one year . . . .19.00 Daily, Sunday included, three months 2.25 IaiJy, Sunday included, one month .73 Daily, without Sunday, one year . 7.80 Dally, without Sunday, three months 1.95 Aauy, without Sunday, one moniii ... -wo How to Remit Send postofflce money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postoffice address in full, including county and state. Postage Rates 1 to 18 pages, 1 cent: 31 to 32 pages. 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages. 3 cents; 50 to 64 pages, 4 cent.: 69 to 80 pages, 5 cents; S2Zto 96 pages, 6 cents. Eastern Business .Offices Verree & Conkiin, 300 Madison avenue. New Tork; Verree & Conkiin, Steger Building, Chi cago; Verree & Conkiin, Free Press build ing, Detroit. Mich.; Verree & Conkiin, Monadnock building, San Francisco. Cal. If all farmers would sell through co-operative associations direct to domestic and foreign consumers, the speculator might be siat out, but they won't. Many farmers like to speculate independently, both for a rise and for the thrill of the gamble. The real thing against which congress is trying to legis late Is many men's desire to take a gambler's chance. That is part of their character. It will not be easy to .legislate it out. YES, BUT HOW? Lemuel Gulliver tells us that. In the land of Lilliput, the pigmy in habitants are torn asunder politi cally over the Issue as to which is the proper end of an egg to crack. It appears that between the two political parties, the bigendians and the littleendians, there is no dis pute whatsoever as to the necessity of cracking the egg somehow be fore it is eaten. The issue is drawn solely on how to crack it. This brief recollection from wise and popular storybook ought to be of value to Candidate Pierce. Candidate Pierce has the mistaken notion that taxation is the issue of the present campaign. It is like the Lilliputian egg. Nobody is disputing the need for cracking the tax problem. Mr. Pierce may stump up and down the state until elec tion day, proclaiming hjs 100 per cent interest in the taxpayer, de. nouncing high taxes, and declar ing that lower taxation is the sole issue, but not a soul will ever chal lenge him on the statement that taxes ought to he reduced. The taxation issue as such is ' not whether the tax egg ought to be cracked it is how it is going to be done. On the real Issue, Candidate Pierce is as indefinite as Andy uump. There was given a banquet at Albany Wednesday evening in honoV of Candidate Pierce by that hospitable stranger from New Yonk, Mr. Jesse Winburn. At the laden banquet board Mr. Pierce was supposed to tell the eager world how he would crack the tax egg if he were elected governor. A careful perusal of every newspaper account, friendly or indifferent, of his ad dress that has yet been published fails to disclose that anything in formative or momentous was an nounced. There was a mist of sus picion breathed that the cost of maintaining the state eleemosy nary, penal and reformatory insti tutions is too high, and some' new possible sources of revenue were suggested. That was all. Now if the great tax reduction is dependent upon the possibility of a cut in the maintenance cost of institutions, taxes are not going down very far when and if .Mr. Pierce is elected. If the next gov ernor of this state should veto all maintenance items for institutions, and force upon private benevolence the entire careof old soldiers, the insane patients, the tuberculosis victims, the incorrigible boys and girls, the deaf and blind children and the convicts, the saving on the average tax bill would be less than 3 per cent. It would cut down the state tax levy not much more than one mill. Obviously if these insti tutions are to be maintained at public expense, as of course they must, any possible. lessening in the quality of food or clothing or warmth given the wards of the state cannot be sufficient to make a perceptible impress on the bill of the taxpayer. New sources of revenue, as all competent observers agree, do not permanently lessen the burden on the old sourees of revenue. They simply provide so much more money to spend, and so much more is spent. No sensible person will deny that taxes should be equalized: no responsible authorities argue that one class able to pay should escape while other classes pay all the taxes. That is not the point. The point is that reliance solely upon new sources of revenue for tax relief is . a vain hope. It 'must be combined with an intelligent pro gramme for actual reduction in the sums spent fty governmental pur poses. Otherwise there is no relief for anybody. The doctrine that it is safe enough to leave tax reduction to the candidate for lucrative office wno only denounces and says: 'Leave it to ne, I'll fix it," is per nicious doctrine. Candidate Pierce hits' not presented a single con structive idea. He does nothing but tell us in tearful tones what one and all of us already know that we want our taxes reduced. He does not tell us how it- is to be done. He has no issue that can be defined as such. The Oregonian makes this pre diction and invites all those, in terested to write it down or other wise preserve it: If Walter Pierce shall be elected governor of Ore gon, there will not be one-half mill reduction in state taxes during his tenure of office that can be traced to his efforts. THE MAXtTFACTURE OF LAWS. Of the 13,711 bills Introduced at the late session of congress one in thirteen was passed, whereupon the New York Times says that "the proportion of bills to laws was ex cessive," and it refers to the indus try of 48 state legislatures as prov ing that "the flood of laws is ap palling." To introduce a private bill in the senate costs the people $7 and the cost of. each bill passed at the 1921 session of the New York legislature was $860.85. Say ing that "they do these things bet ter in England," the Times tells us that there a fee of $25 is charged when a private bill is offered for examination, and' it costs another $25 to hand it to the clerk of the house and $75 to pass it through each of its four stages, while com mittee hearings cost $50 a day. That sort of thing would not work in the United States, where practically everything that the gov ernment does is free to the im mediate beneficiary though costly to the whole body of taxpayers. Here the fount of legislation is a broad, brimming river. Any mem ber of congress or a state legisla ture may introduce as many bills as he please, have them printed and referred to committees, which prove to be the graveyard of most of them. In states blessed with the initiative" we go still farther. . Any little group of people may draw a bill, hire others to solicit signatures to petitions to place them on" the ballot and force them on the elec torate for a vote, though the petition-shoving industry has suffered a severe jolt. Making of laws is a great Ameri- been hitherto unknown or guessed, and a great deal that will interest those who have a fondness for bird lore. Such contributions to knowl edge have no clearly available pur pose, yet we are eager for them, and rightly so. For they are glimpses Into tb living heart of creation. JIBE HAZARD DIE TO DEEP SEATED CACSES. The undoubted gravity of th problem to which attention is called, and the striking revelations contained in the figures presented, redeem the present "fire preven tion week" from the quality of monotony Inherent in the too com mon practice of setting aside "weeks" for the performance of duties tnat-ought to be attended to the year around; But the under writers of the country, whose in terest is not only direct but obvious and whose activities are all the more necessary because the aver age citizen is slow to realize what we are coming to, make out the strongest possible case for the need of reform, if not revolution, IS our attftude toward this form of waste. They show, for example, that if the sums equivalent to the value of the property that has gone up in smoke in the last forty years had been invested at 6 per cent, they would now be sufficient to pay off our national debt of about $23,000, 000,000. There is no end of preach ing about the cost of war, yet wars are the exception and fires are the rule. In loss of life, our fires, a large proportion of which are pre ventable, make war look to its laurels, for the chamber of com merce of the United States esti mates that 15,000 deaths were due to this cause last year. "If," says a statement by the chamber which graphically depicts the economic waste that we thus needlessly tol erate, "one-fifth of all our exports to Europe during 1921 had been destroyed by enemy submarines, our nation would be engaged in war, with every industry in the country actively enlisted in stop ping the loss." The analogy is com plete, except that fire prevention, can industry. It keeps lawyers as is pointed out, is on the whole a much cheaper matter than win ning wars, and requires no costly army and navy and no sacrifice of life. ' Of the multitude - of remedies proposed, of precautionary meas ures suggested, of rules and regula tions and guides to personal con duct that oug-ht to be observed, it is difficult to say which are the most important, because all seem so plain that we despair that they are not already ingrained. But fundamental cause is indicated in a paragraph which notes that peor pie have not yet learned to regard as a loss the property destroyed by fire which happens to have been insured. The notion that payment of insurance is full reimbursement is widely prevalent; the mental at titude toward fires, and toward waste as a whole, which this be trays is probably at the root of the whole matter. That our fire losses have beenmultiplied by six in forty years, while the population has scarcely more than doubled, must be due to causes more fundamental than mere individual carelessness in the use of matches and cigar ettes or in other relatively trivial particulars that are apt to be mag nified during fire prevention week. The lesson to be learned is that all destruction by preventable fire is social waste, that it entails labor that could be otherwise more profitably employed, that it is one of the plainest reasons for the high cost of living, that it retards pro gress in every industry and not ex clusively the particular enterprise that happens to be the victim of flames. busy learning just what is the law. A lawyer who had watched the grinding of a legislature remarked that he wished the legislature would meet only once in ten years; then he would have time to learn what the law was. Though it might need mending, people would adapt themselves to it somehow, and the legislature would know better how to mend it at the next session. As it was, he had no sooner -mastered a law and had it constructed by a court than it was changed and he had to begin again. But perhaps he was a reactionary and wanted too easy a life. Of making many laws there is no end, and we seem to break them as easily as we make them. Any man who would propose that fees be charged would be chased out of the political arena. Speculators like J. Leonard Re plogle doubtless influence the rise and fall in the price of wheat, though, as he said: "I had no use for wheat. I bought it because I thought it was cheap and I could make a profit." But how are they to be kept out of the market with out at the same time shutting out those who buy and sell as a part of their legitimate business mil lers, for example, who must buy for delivery months in the future and then hedge to protect themselves from loss through fluctuation in the market. If it could be arranged that a man who buys for a specu lative pvrofit should always lose, speculation might be killed, but that would require a man of super human knowledge to direct affairs, a man who could spot speculators. THE FLIGHT OF A TEAL. Few men, in youth at least, ever have watched the high migratory flight of waterfowl without a rest less yearning to know whither the birds were bound and whence they came. Beside their easy almost ex fortless passage "from unknown to unknown, spanning thousands of miles, the transit devices of man seemed laborious and slow. Thanks to the researches and experiments of the biological survey, but recent ly undertaken, we have learned more of the scope of migration than any ornithologist has known to the present. We know, for in stance, that a blue-winged teal, that common and comfortable tike of the marshes, marked with a band at a lake near Toronto, made his migrant way to a swamp on the island of Trinidad, off the coast .ot Venezuela. There was a tourist, as matter-of-fact as any vagrant. At a hazard it seems probable that, next to revealing the extent of migratory flights of the differ ent species, the process of banding water birds and other winged mi grants will reveal to us more ac curately than ever their distribu tion. Here the books of reference are inflexible, prescribing certain ranges and asserting, with peda gogic finality, that beyond these marks and bounds the bird does not stray. Yet not even a natur alist, spgnding years in .the field, is competent to speak without reservation of the habits of the wild folk he observes. Continually are the naturalists discovering that much they have learned must be unlearned, that much - they have declared must be amended. The white-winged scoter, for in stance, is a surf duck. Nature equipped him with a pugilist's jaw, for the wresting of shellfish from rocks, with legs set far back the better to dive for food, and with the short, sturdy wings of his kind. Clearly' this bird had no business inland, for the sea was his province. When a farmer-naturalist found the sooter placidly content on a North Dakota lake, and not only feeding but nesting there, the high authorities of ornithology laughed greatly at what they considered to be the enthusiastic error of a tyro. They said that it was 'against the ordinances of nature, and could not be. But eventually they, came to the lake and saw the scoters for themselves. Another hard-and-fast dictum of natural history had fallen. Definite observation of the range of migratory birds, through leg-banding, must inevitably re veal many such contradictions. Yet the secret of migration it self, the instinctive' motive that both impels and guides the flocks, is not apt to be deciphered. It will be proved, as before, that certain birds return unerringly to their old haunts, both here and in another continent. But by what process of instinct or reason will not be de termined. It has been held that the birds are guided ' by easily recognizable landmarks, such as mountain ranges or watercourses, and not by a sense unknown to man. Such a conjecture is not ap plicable to the assuMMice with which a carrier pigeon strikes bravely out for home, as though a compass were trembling, in his heart. The riddle is mazed with riddles. Migratory birds blown from their course far out to sea do not always, if ever, return to' land. As hopelessly lost as a stranger in Sahara, they fly on and on until weariness forces them down to the waves and death. The experiments of the biological survey may never clear away the mystery of bird migration. But they will reveal much that has ily agree to regulate prices for what they buy and sell. That sug gests need' of such strict govern ment supervision as Roosevelt 'pro posed not the kind practiced of late by the federal trade commis sion, that treats bigness as prime facie evidence of wrongdoing, but the kind that regards bigness as an inevitable development and that guards against abuse of power. If Mr. Nealey's view of the steel cor poration is correct, big business is not evil in itself, for he says of that giant: Tt paid higher wages to its 275.000 em ployes and sold its products to the people cheaper than its competitors. In times of prosperity it sold at a uniformly low price, satisfied with a fair return, while its competitors charged all the traffic would bear. In times of depression it became one of the country's stabilizing influences, spending millions in expan sion to maintain employment, extend ing millions in credit both here and abroad, thereby retaining its loreign and domestic trade, and last, but not least, loaned millions in the open market to tnose less fortunate. , If we could always feel sure that big mergers would act thus, we might welcome them as a boon, but their power for evil would be as great as their power for good. We need a close watch against any that "bo bad." WASHIXGTO.VS BO.MS ATTITUDE Bnudatioi State at Least Twice . la Noted Documents. LEBANON. Or Oct. 4. (To the Editor.) In an editorial September 30 you deny the. statement that George Washington accepted com pensation for his military services. History tells that he received a grant of 3000 acres of land from the state of Virginia and shares in the- Potomac Canal company valued at $10,008, and that later by an act of. congress he received $64,415 as adjusted compensation for his mili tary services during the revolution ary war. Your editorial does not speak of the land grant or the ad- compensation by congress, that he accepted the A NEW VIEW OF MERGERS. A new crop of mergers has been produced by the war boom, the de pression that followed and the de velopment of the automobile indus try. Single industries are consoli dated into a few great corporations qualified to compete with one an other on equal terms. Mergers are not only horizontal, that is, combi nations of . plants producing the same commodity at the same, 'stage toward completion, but vertical, embracing all stages of production from raw material to articles ready for use. That is the net of a re view of "The Revival of Mergers" by J. Barton Nealey in The World's Work. Most remarkable as evidence of a new attitude or the government toward mergers is the express sanction given by Attorney-General Daugherty to the two recent steel combinations as not contrary to the Sherman antitrust act, the Clayton act or the Webb foreign trade act. He thus justifies this opinion: In mv opinion there is not the slightest ground for supposing that it (one of the yteel mergers) will result in any re straint of trade or monopolistic control The plants of these companies are widely scattered and my investigation leads tc but one conclusion, and that is that the underlying purpose of this combination is not ao acquire a monopoly or to re strain trade, but to enable the new com pany more effectually to compete with the United States Steel corporation, which, because of the wide distribution of its various plants and their easy ac cessibility to the source of raw materials. is enabled to produce and sell its products much cheaper than other manufacturers. Instead, therefore, of being in restraint of trade, the new combination will be in furtherance of trade. This view of the new mergers seems to be the logical sequel to the supreme court decision holding the United States Steel corporation to be no restraint of trade. Since a unit controlling 45 per cent of the country's steel capacity is legal, other large units, but smaller than this one, must also be legal. Since the extensive organization of the steel corporation enables it to pro duce cheaper than its competitors, the latter must be organized on somewhat the same scale in order that competition may survive. " A number of small, scattered units, each engaged in some one branch of the business but excluded from kindred branches; buying raw ma terial in the open market in rela tively small lots and owning no transportation lines, are hopelessly out of the running against a great oorporatian having all these ad vantages. Merging them into large units seems the sole means to make competition real; otherwise the one big unit might gradually extermi nate the many little ones and thus become an actual monoply. Then a new situation would arise which might induce the supreme court to reverse itself. If. as seems to be the case, more mergers are the only means of pre venting the ol mergers from ex tinguishing competition, control of each industry will be in the hands of so few men 'that they could eas- KEEP OCT THE POLITICIANS. Advantage is being taken of the expiration of the term of W. P. G. Harding, governor of the federal reserve board, to endeavor to pre vent his reappointment and thus to involve the board in politics. The mouthpieces of the opposition to him are Senator Heflin of Alabama and Senator Harrison of Missis sippi, but the real sources of oppo sition are the radical leaders of the farmers who wrongly ascribe to him the rapid fall in prices of farm products during the fall of 1920. When we recall the banking con ditions that prevailed before the federal reserve system was estab lished and the great service which it rendered to the country during and after the war, any act that would make appointments to the board which supervises its political prizes appears as a blow at the na tion's financial system. Mr. Hard ing is a democrat ' appointed by President Wilson, but as head of the board he has acted as a patri otic public servant and as a wise financier, not as a politician, and the attacks on him emanate mainly from country state banks, which tried "to shift to the board respon sibility for their inability to finance the farmers during the deflation period or for excessive interest. Faithful performance of his duty naturally exposed him to attacks from such quarters, and they con stitute an added reason for sustain ing him. There was a strong flavor of politics in the location of the twelve regional banks and in the appointments to ythe original fed eral reserve boards, but the board has lived that down, for the emer gencies of the war lifted it up above politics. Men of all parties should combine their efforts to keep it in that position. It res cued us from the many evils of the old national bank system, which .was not co-ordinated and which had a rigid currency unresponsive to the needs of business. It car ried the country triumphantly through the financial emergency of the war the greatest that this country has ever encountered. No sorehead politician or banker should be permitted to Impair its strength. The estimate thai there are 9,- 4 74,373 privately-owned automo biles in the United States, and an article on the "delights of walk ing," appearing in adjacent col umns in a contemporary, suggest the question whether the pedes trian wouldn't be even more de lighted if his motoring brother would give him just a little more room along the fringe of the road. President Harding has bought the ancestral home, where he was born, and will restore it. That is something the city man.'bom in an apartment (if allowed), cannot do. Feeding them an antidote might be a better way with the Hood River county school boys than ex pulsion for using tobacco. The habit is not fixed in the young. An eastern college professor says that not too many but the wrong kind of men are going to college. That is what some of the coaches are already beginning to think. Observers seem to disagree on the proposition whether times in Germany are good or bad, but there is accord as to Germany's reluc tance to fork over any cash. A doctor has been found who would allowpie for- breakfast if the eater lives in the "pie zone." Those limits must be Aroostook county and Boston. The overcrowded condition of the colleges, may Indicate also that the old-fashioned University of Hard Knocks isn't as popular as it used to be. Pearl White has lost gems and jewels valued at $25,000. That is good for two reels of joy, when they are recovered and the fact printed. It is sixty-seven years since John P. Rockefeller took his first paying job since when. howeveV, he has been favored with several advances In pay. " 'What shall be done with the Turks?" inquires a headline. There is scarcely a Greek who doesn't feel qualified to answer the ques tion. No one should get the idea that because "fire prevention week" ends on October 9, the good work shouldn't go right on just the same. If the last week of the "coast defenders" could be made a series between Seals and Tigers, that would have six thrillers. It's good for the box office, but "the Judge" ought to make them call the game earlier. The price of coal automatically takes care of a certain degree of fir.e prevention. New . wrinkle tie called game. score and justed but denies canal shares. However, this may be, it doe not remove the fact that in 1779 George Washington requested that $100 extra be allowed every soldle who enlisted early in the war, that their compensation might more nearly equal that of the men who came in later and received larger bounties. His request was granted. Every solder who enlisted in the Mexican war, for 12 months or more, in addition to his regular pay .was entitled under the" law on honora ble discharge to $100 in Interest bearing treasury script, or to 160 acres of land. - Abraham Lincoln applied for and received compensation for his mili tary services in the Black Hawk war. Soldiers of the civil war received large bounties and special favors In homesteadlng land All these compensations were just and probably in no case repaid the men for the sacrifices they made and for time lost in the pursuit of civil life. Why should not the men who placed their lives between our country and the menace that threat ened it be entitled to a bonus paid from the funds which Europe owes to our country? Can we for a mo ment consider canceling the debt that other countries owe us while they are spending millio-s for mili tary purposes? MRS. W.'C. SKELTON, The Oregonian statement had to do only with Washington's services in the revolutionary war. Wash ington in colonial days accepted 32,000 acres of land under a grant by Lord Dunmore of Virginia to officers of- the French and Indian war. The Potomac canal shares were given in trust and were by him bequeathed toward an endow ment for a national university. They turned out to be worthless In his first inaugural address In 17S9 Washington says "When I was first honored with a call Into the service of my country, then on the eve of an arduous strug gle for its liberties, the light in which I contemplated my duty re quired that I should renounce every pecuniary compensation. From this resolution I have in no Instance departed The same statement, in substancs. is found-also in his last will,' signed by him five months before his death. The subject of Washington and the bonus was taken up solely in interest of historical accuracy. It is conceded that what Washington conceived to be his individual duty is not an argument for or against a bonus to veterans under the cir cumstances of the present. Those Who Come and Go. Tales of Folks at th. Hotel.. BLACK WALNUT WORTH WHILE Planting Urged Wherever Possible, Especially In Western Oregon. PORTLAND, Oct. 6. (.To the Edi tor.) Your recent article about the black walnut should interest every home owner in the state; especially in western Oregon. No tree grows and thrives better here, and none is more valuable, either foj fruit or lumber. With the proper selection of seed, none has more rapid growth. Planting the nut is simple. Drop the nut where you want the tree to grow and put your foot on it, kick the dirt over it, then forget it. If you want to be sure of a tree put three or four nuts in a place a few inches apart, if more than one grows pull out all but the best one and sell them to the thriftless man who can not wait for the nut to grow, but ho will gain no time. The logged-off and waste lands of western Oregon and Washington could be reforested with black wal nut in this way and be made a val uable asset to the owners and to the state. The Southern Pacific lines in Ore gon and the highways should be lined with black walnut trees. Com mercial clubs, granges and county courts should take active measures at once to plant black walnuts wherever there is a space for it, on lawns, fence rows, back lots, every where. The eastern black walnut stood the freeze here in 1919 and seemed to like it. It grows in Minnesota and I have seen it growing in as far south as Brownsville, Tex. --Get the very best nut variety that is to be had. It makes for wealth. Nuts as a food are growing in favor faster than any other article. As a tree of beauty the black wal nut stands permanent. compared with the disease, spreading' . elm, which is neither fruitful nor fit'even for cordwood in all this it takes first rank. Pets do not bother either the tree or the nuts. It came over from a former age and is still a royal fighter for a place in our for ests. It gives us the battle wood of all the armies of the world. For domestic use It has first place in quality and price. If you want to know the cost of walnut lumber ask some lumber dealer or furniture man. They dig up the roots and use the branches of any considerable size for lumber. I planted a nut in my door yard eight years ago. the tree of which is now nine inches In diameter two feet above ground, and would make a fair sized ten-foot sawlog for some eastern mills. Ten or twelve years ago I was talking walnuts to the commercial club and citizens at Grants Pass, when some one in the audience reported a S0- year old black walnut tree that cut 400 feet of good lumber. There is a tree growing at the old home place of the late J. D. Kelty. two and a half miles east of McCoy, in Polk county, that measures 12 feet in circumference, .is 90 feet high and has a spread off over 100 feet. The nut from which this tree grew was planted in 1855, taken from a tree at Vancouver, Wash. Black walnut trees here have borne nuts the fourth year from planting the nut. Four years from nut to nut. Six to eight years most black walnut trees begin to bear, and the product in creases rapidly each year. J. C CLKJflSK. "Things are better in Grants Pass now than ever before in the 25 years that I have been there," said H. D. Norton, attorney and banker of that place. "For several years the com munity appeared to be in the dot drums and nothing was doing, but what was actually occurring was that we were gradually removing obstacles and now that these ob structions have been eliminated vv e can go after a thing hard. A short extension is now to be made from our municipal railroad to a new limestone deposit. There is a cliff of limestone 300 feet high, straight up, and It is about 1800 feet across and no one knows how far down It goes into the ground. There is enough lime thers to work for the next century. There is also good prospects for our railroad, although it may not be carried on to Crescent City at this time. However, the railroad will be extended to Waldo, anyway, which will increase the mileage 25 miles. The entire valley is now under water Irrigated and with the ideal climate which we have, it will be & great producing center and there will be Immense tonnage available as the years roll on. Taken all In all. Grants Pass was never so good nor with better prospects. Then look at our lumber. our pine is being shipped all over, as fast as it can be cut. while our fir goes to California. Th lumber industry is splendid." Mr. Norton is registered at the Imperial. E. D. McKee of Wasco, the county judge of Sherman county, is In Portland with the county commis sioners to see what can bs secured from the 1923 road programme. Judge McKee declares that since the people of Sherman have had a touch of good roads they are clamoring for more. As the county has some bond money still unexpended, the people want to know why It isn't spent. It was to see what co-operation can be had from the highway commission and what can be ex pected in the coming year that the county court came to town. The county has grubbed and cleared the proposed right-of-way of a score of miles and would like to see grading start after the frost gets out of the ground next spring. There is a good start being made on irrigation work in our section. reports J. C. Potter of Deschutes. Or., who is in the city on business. "There is a crew of men working on the dam at Crane Prairie, which is to furnish water for the north unit, and another crew Is working on the dam at Crescent-lake, which is being built for the Tumalo proj ect. This water will be taken from the Deschutes river a few miles from Bend and diverted to the Tumalo district." Mr. Potter says that he quit fishing three weeks ago when he could only catch 25 fish in a day. Such a small basket its considered as not worth bother ing about. Burroughs Nature Club. Copyright. neghta-mrila C-a. The wheat crop In Umatilla county wa about 1.500.000 bushels short this year," says Judge Schan- nep. "This was due to a hot wii which came along at the wrong time and caused a shrinkage. The heavy soil lost from three to ten bushels an acre as a result, which makes a deep cut into the pay check of the growers." Contractors are pushing the old Oregon trail section east of Cabbage hill and be fore the end of the working season expect to complete all but two miles of the grading. The judge is at the Hotel Oregon. County Commissioner Farmer of Cloverdale, Tillamook county, man aged to have some bridge work expedited yesterday. The hlghwsy commission advertised for two small bridges near Dolph. on the Three Rivers section, but not a contractor cared to offer a proposal. As the jobs are small and necessary- anu to readvertise would cause delay, Commissioner Farmer proposed that the bridges bs built by force ac count on a co-operative basis. This proposition was accepted by the highway body. A. B. Potter, the postmaster of Klondike, Or, where he Is also the warehouse man, is at. the Imperial with Mrs. Potter. Klondike is as good as a gold mine normally, for it is the mobilization point for much of the wheat grown in Sher man county. J. H. Smith, at the Imperial, registering from Grass Valley, would like to see the gap between Grass Valley and Kent, in Sherman county,Improved. This Is a section 20 miles in length and would con nect with the contract at Grass Valley. Henry J. Taylor, one of the pio neers of Umatilla county and a rock-ribbed democrat, la In Portland for & few days. (Copyright. 1932, Houghton Mifflin Cs.) Can Ye Aaswer Tkess Qaratloaa 1. Is thers any other natural check on insects besides birds? 2. Please tell the habits and shape of the hyla. also called peeper. 3. I found a nest with some little birds In It, and eggs. too. IMd they all belong together? 1 couldn't aes the old bird, but the nest was a shaky, badly roads thing, as though not all done. Answers In tomorrow's Nature Note , Answers to Fi-evlas Qaeetlena. 1. Is there any way to tell poison sumac from the other kinds? Yes, several differences mark It Poison sumac has leaves with no toothed or jagged edges. Its flow. rs are whitish-green, and th stem of ths clusters spring from ths an gle of the leaf stem. Flowers turn to greenish fruit. Non-poisonous sumacs, dwarf and stsghorn. also have greenlsh-whlts flower", but they grow In pyramid-shaped rlua ters at ths tips of ths sprays. Fruit red. s Z. Are any turtles dangerous? Yes: when big enough, ths soft shelled turtle found In Georgia. Florida and Louisiana bites vicious ly when resisting the fisherman. (It is edible and caught for mar ket north and south). Ths ordinary snapping turtle 'of any six Is cap able of amputating a human hand. or mora often an unwary finger. so t. What is the correct name of a bird locally called water turkey? Body resembles a goose, as do feet, except they, havs sharp, hooked claws. Neck long, bill long and sharp, with serrated edge. Lives on fish entirely and catches them by swimming under water. Plum age resembles a turkey. There Is a so-called water turkey, anhinga; but we do not believe ths bird seen by this correspondent (in Florida) Is anhinga. as the descrip tion does not apply. Probably a cormorant of some kind. The hooked claws on webbed feet, fish eating habit, and serrated bill and color of plumage fit better to a cormorant. More Truth Than Poetry. By J earn J. kMuw THK HKW .! OK l tl' I'd like t be a statesmen And with tit statesmen stand, t'ntil try .'am, ss well as nam.. Was known throughout tit lanl. For, whet, my re-putat'n Had traveled aide and far. The American Assoc. atloti of "ho and Corset and Kuldle-tortrg Mann, fatturera. and Ai :ed Industries. In Ins Interest r.f harmony and promo tion cf common int-re-t. would Take me f.ir their Csr. If I knew Mr. Harding. I think I d like to ( The chance to grata some wetl knowr. f'l.r Within hit cabinet And when 1 sot mm famous As .Mr. Henry rd. T!"e 1'nltrd Mates Atllertr. of Merry-o-Kouml. eu-enlc Hallway, rihoot-the-t'hutes and ltt 1 Stand, proprietors. In order tho bet ter to promote lher common wel fars, and Incidentally get a lot of free advertising. Would make me Overlord. Tim was when fams brought little Of what Is known ss pelf. Who earned It. thuusht It always brousht Knougo reward Itself. But now tho man who sains It Makes Fortune roms across For almost any hunch of united In dustries, which wants to break Into ths newspapers sv.ry day without paying the usual ccluma rales, wUl Grab him for Its Hoes. ' A Feeelar Catalan. President Hopkins 0f partmeu'H says that few people ought to bs educated. Ths vast majority of school boys will heartily et wlUk him. s ' Driven 1. Wets In this country think thT eon understand the Turkish upris ing. Turkey has been dry for a number of centuries. Wetted y Know It. Ons result of ths coming of lore skirts Into fashion Is that flappers do not roll their hos any mors. ALL SCHOOLS ABB SUPERVISED Symptoms Mora Alike Kansas City Star. Either Speck's going to marry Yvette or he ain't, and I'll be john browned If I know which!" agi tatedly confessed Heloise of the Rapid Fire restaurant. "Hey. wake up! brisKiy ejaculat ed Claudine of the same establish ment. "How do ya get that way?" "Well, he's quit spending money o her ana tnat means mat ne s The moral squad knows no color either got her cinched or is going line, j ta shake her. one or ths other." State Now Regulates Instraetlon In Parochial and Private Institutions. PORTLAND, Oct. 6. (To the Editor.) Mr. H. A. Jones in his let ter in" The Oregonian advises that his forefathers helped to make this country what it Is todayand Implies that he' is satisfied with the great work accomDlished. Whv. then, does he want to change things? And f the passage of the so-called compul sory school bill would certainly be an act diametrically opposed to the principles of religious and personal liberty as outlined In the preamble and constitution of this country. which embody the high ideals of the signers of this document Fur thermore, the founders of this na tion as well as many great Ameri cans since that time never attended a public school and yet they were men who defined Americanism In its true sense. Never has any president or vice-president of this nation said anything derogatory to the paro chial school. On the other hand they have always acknowledged the in disputable and inalienable right of parents to teach their children ac cording to their own belief. - It would be well for Mr. Jones to enlighten himself concerning ths teachings of the private and pa rochial schools in this state before criticising them for misdeeds they do not .commit. Statistics as given out by the war department prove conclusively that graduates from parochial schools responded nobly to the call to arms during the world war, at which time men represent ing every creed fought shoulder to shoulder In France. Their Ameri canism then was not questioned and many gave their lives for their coun try; they were educated In tho pri vate and parochial schools of this country. A compulsory school bill Is now in effect- The parochial school Is under state supervision and Its graduates pass the stata examina tions. The obnoxious btll now com ing before the people would trample upon the rights of ths American home, which is really the true found ation of this nation and which has ever been protected in every sense. This bill Infringes upon the inalien able rights of -the parent over his child and is but a step towards bolshevtsm and communism. of which tho final result will be ths de struction of this grand and glorious republic . . . C J. L RELIGIOUS WARFARE DEPLORED Seetarlaa Dlrtaloas Ignore' hf Those M ho Fouskt tor ICatloa. JACKSONVILLE. Or., Oct. 4. (To tho Editor.) I am a republican, a Presbyterian, an army woman and ths widow of a soldier. I havs resd carefully ths editorials, articles and communications printed in ths va rious newspapers, and I feel that the time has come when I must relieve my overburdened hesrt. for "out of the abundance of tho heart ths mouth speaketh." For more than SO years I havs f ! lowed the flag. I havs mart-led with soldiers, ! havs camped with soldiers, and I have suffered with and for them. That I havs never fought with them is probably be cause I have never had the oppor tunity, hut I can fight for. them and will, whether they be Catholic or Protestant, for I know whereof I speak when I tell ths reading public this fact tho army of ths United i States draws no line when it comes to one's religious belief. i Our army is made up cf Cstnollc and Protestant alike. When a ma a offers his services to his country h Is not asked to stats his religious belief or affiliations. Every regi ment in our army has lis chaplain, all denominations are represented. The chaplain of ths 15th cavalry Is a Catholic priest, whom 1 happen to have the honor to know. Soma of the finest and most patrlotlo sol diers our nation has ever produced havs been and are Catholics men who stand by their guns and ths old flag. Before tho walls of Tien Tain fell one of the most splendid officers of the 11th infantry, a Catholio. Be neath ths crimson poppies on ths fields of Flanders our boys lie. Catholic and Protestant, sid by side. In ths cemetery of Rnmagne, the largest American cemetery In France today, lie 2i.0fl of our sol diers. Catholic and Protestant, sids by side. On many a bloody field they fought shoulder to shoulder. Catholic and Proteatsnt silks. They toiled In the trenches side by side. Catholic and Protestant alike. Go to the old historic battlefield of Gettysburg and seek out among the many grand monuments erected to the different brigades and di visions who fought beneath ths clouds of battle; In that trend echslon . The deep drums led at Gettysburg Beneath a smoky sun, and see with your own. eyes ths splendid monument erected .to ths memory of the "Irish Brigade, ths fighting Catholics who fought so valiantly and died so gloriously that our nation might live. Wherever battles have been fought throughout our- nation's history. Catholics have mads tho supreme sacrifice. When I sailed from ths United States for Cuba with my husband's regiment at -ths time,of the Rpanlsh Amerlcan war. the chaplain of ths regiment, a minister of my own faith, failed us at ths last moment and refused to face ths hardships and perils of the campaign. We sailed w-lthout a chaplain, but later young Catholic priest. Father Self-interest. My t.raee K. flail. Ws maks no great endeavor Kor thins we cherish not Thers is no urge for sacrifice In strength or love or tnousht. For we are human through anl throush. And want reward for what wa do. We glvs where ws are reaping. Whatever we may say. For man Is pot ar.se'lo In sn sltrulstlc wny. He may not analyse or heed But self Is hidilrn In each deed. Tst who shall sneer or censure? Each man his rlrH. draws. And each will fill his little sphere. Whatever be the ratj.e. 8o, plesslng self, though ons by one. Men set ths tasks of life sir done In Other Day. Fifty Year. Ago. Prom Th. Oresnnisn. Octr S. It3 .The lsrg and hand"me bt-irk building, designed for the Central market, was commenced over s )rr asn by our enterprising townsn-sn. Captain A. P. Ankenr. After tn ea pendlture of a large sum of rru'nv, ths building has at leralh been completed snd was fortnsily thrwas open last evening. ftan Francisco. Oct. I ln. hun dred snd eishty students sr. in ths University of California. Madrid. Oct. I. Ths report that ths Spanish government wnwld make a Claim against the United Htates for damages Inflicted by filibuster. Ing expeditions for Cuba was pro nounced untrue. Tweaty-flva Tears sts. From Ths Oreaontan, (Vtttber . Iif, Chicago, Oct. $. Chicago's south. rn ward snd suburbs srs sur rounded by prairie flr.s and dens smoks overhanss a large part of tho territory lying south of 8y. enty-flfth street. Thousands or feet of Pratris havs been burtied over and thousands of feet of sid.wsiaa and fencing havs been consumed. Salem. Or., Oct. t. This ws a pi oneer day st the state fair and tt was a day for all classes. In honor of ths pioneers a barbecue of four and a halt beeves wss served on IBs grounds. A numsrous'.y signed petition, will be presented to the council this sft- ernoon asking that a ormxtng fountain bs established at last Stark and East Twentieth streets. Ths peupto of th east ;d sro very snxlous for drinking fountains. Pendergrast of New Orleans, came to our camp on the hills of Santiago and offered his services. Hs wss with us seversl months and we loved him. He sent messages to tho moth, ers, wives and sweethearts of ths dying men: he thoked after their every comfort and his unfalterlns devotion and patriotism ws csn never forget. ' And now a religious wsr Is being fostered when ths right to religious and civil liberty is one of ths corner, stones of our republic Ws sro all one people now and united ws ran stand, divided wo shall fall. With out its soldlsrs no nation can long endure soma of us hats learned this lesson. Now that ths wars are over and the victories won shall ws condemn thoss who have given their lives for their country because they are ot a different faith? And their dear ones left behind shall they bs persecuted snd driven from their homes? Lord forbid that such a thing should bs the rsaW In justice of it all seems terrible ffnf Should we allow narrow Jr jt prejudice to overcome our nosyof Justice and right? Can ws no Jouger sing Mr country 'tis of the Sweet land cf l.berty? Shall Americans be allowed to worship God according to ths dic tates of their own consclsnces or shall they be forced by persecution to worship God according to some other man's dictation? Will It not bs wall for us to rscaU ta mind these words: Lord Ood of Hosts, b with us yi ' Lst w forset. lest w fors.t. ALICE A. SARGENT. No Comaeasatloa Glvea Wife. EUGENE. Or.. Oct. 4. (To th Editor). If a man I enlisted In the navy hospital corps, I his wife entitled to sny compensation from the government aside from bis salary? W. C T YDELL. No. ... . .... Vsaag Maa'a Itloff Called. PltsbUTg C!trorlcl-Te'.egraph They wsrs very fond of earn othee and hr.d been ensssed, but they hed quarreled snd wer too proud to make It up. He called afterward at hr house to her father oa business. Hh was st ths door. . "Ah M!m Blank. I beileve." sal hs "Is your father In" "No. sir." shs replied, "father Is not, st present. Do you wish to him personslly?" yes." wss ths hluff response of ths visitor, 'ho f:t ht his former sweetheart was viewing "I ! to ses blm on very particular bual- nesa " and 1 turned awar haughtily. I beg your pardon." eh rsi'e after him as b rohd th. lt step, "but who shall I say called?" Ne raMIe Meaey. HUBBARD. Or. Oct 4 (To trie Editor. I Does not Mount Ansel Cstholle school rerelv stat money And what other fatholle Institutions do ths same? T' 1. to settle a argument. CONHTANT HEAl'i.R No sectarian schon's sr s'dd with public money, Th stats cue trlbuts towsrd tb support of or phans snd foundlirss. dependent snd neglected chlUirsn cared for In charitable and benevolent Institu tions, soma of which srs CathoUS Institutions. A44ree f Klallng. ORKf.ON CITY, Or. -t. 4 (To th Editor.) Can you furnish m with th forward. address of Itudyard Klpllns? O. il. B. Bud yard Kipling's address IS Bateman s, Burwasn, Sussex. Kng-land. nirta rearers lllseeebla. ABi:KDK:. Ws.b... Oct. 4 IT th Kditor). A says a Jpan. child born In the I nited Ktt. it parents not naturalised. Is an Ameri can cttlsen; H save its rarrt. mut b naturalised. vv stibmtt same te you. K. KI.Al.Ad. Hf Is aa American cituea. 1