8
TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1922
ESTAJiJUSHEO BY HEXBY I.. PIXTOCK
Published by The Oregonian Pub. Co..
Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon.
C. A. MORDEX, E. B. PIPER,
.Manager, Editor.
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i I HIKE AT THE SOURCES Or WAR.
Vmericans see across the Atlan
' ocean a scene resembling that
which they looked out in the
jinaitr of 1914 a military power
whose only law is ruthless force at-tari-ing
peoples which, however,
i erfectly, put in practice the
I;: imiples of popular, free govern
mf . That is the basis of conflict
in .urkey today, just as it was
w Germany's confederation of
an racies launched its armies at
th 'ree nations of Europe eight
ye...- ago, though there are many
po s of difference. Maternal in
ter cs and national rivalries and
am :ttons are involved and tend to
bef . g the issue, but Americans,
with mental vision unclouded by
the prejudices of the old world,
should see behind them the con
flict between, autocracy and democ
racy, in which, as in 1914, their
eyn pathy is instinctively enlisted
on the side of freedom. The bar
barities committed in Belgium,
France, Poland and Serbia are in
the same class with the massacre
at Smyrna and have the same mo
tive to establish the supremacy of
brute force, in the one case by
terrorizing, in the other by exter
minating, those who resist.
But circumstances in 1922 differ
greatly from those of 1914. Then
the great free nations of Great
Britain, France and Italy were
united; now they are divided, the
two latter being partial to the Turk
pnd inclined to outward neutrality.
Russia, formerly the hereditary foe
of the Turks, is now their ally,
ready to come to their aid with a
red army thait has beeff armed,
trained and officered by Germans
and, Magyars. Germany is in a
secret . alliance with the Russian
soviet, which it has vainly at
tempted to conceal, and has already
shipped, to Russia cargoes of guns,
airplanes and other war material
that had been hidden from th'e
allies, but the republican element
would mat permit war on behalf of
Turkey, though it cannot restrain
discharged officers from entering
the Russian service or supply of
munitions. Roumanaa and Jugo
slavia are ready to join forces with
Britain, the former in order to keep
the. straits open to its commerce,
;he latter in order to prevent a
new Turkish invasdoni of Europe
which might make its former op
pressor again its neighbor and
might close the road to Salonica.
Though Britain has been unfriend
ly to PoteJid, th latter might join
it in order to avoid being crushed
between Germany and Russia. As
France is allied with Poland for
mutual protection against Germany
and is intensely hostile to the Rus
sian soviet, it. might eventually join
hands wiith Britain in saving the
straits from Turkey in order not to
bring about an extension of Rus
sian and revival of German power
by leaving Britain and a few small
states to contend against a new
confederacy of Turkey, Russia and
Germany. ' .
Thus the lines are forming for a
new gemeiral war, yet the threat
does not send such a thrill through
America as was felt in July, 1914.
We have witnessed so many tre
mendous events in the last eight
years that our senses have become
dulled, that our capacity for horror
and surprise has been exhausted.
We should have learned that we
cannot remain indifferent to war in
Europe, for our last effort at neu
trality failed and, though we. may
have no interest in particular auar-
rels, it is to- our vital interest that
there shall be. no war in Europe
and that the causes of war shall
be extinguished. When advocates
of isolation and indifference repeat
that the affairs of Europe are none
of our business, cur many dead, our
many more bereaved and our huge
debt give them th lie. We fought
with the purpose to make the world
war a war to end war, but we have
been turned from that purpose by
its premature end, by our internal
dissensions and by the demand that
we leave Europe to stew in its Own
juice.
Retrieval of the cause of old
world wars demands that the Turk
ish question be finally settled by
mancipation of one of the world's
sea highways from Turkish control,
by liberation of all subject peoples
from Turkish oppression and by
connnetnent or the Turks in their
homela-rd, which is the interior of
Asia Minor. What President Wil-.
eon called "the obscure causes" of
the war are Turkish power over
tlie straits and over non-Turkish
peoples, the Turkish predatory na
ture, and the ambition of Germany
to bring Turkey under its power
and to edvance through that coun
try to the. conquest of Asia and
Africa. Refusal to be guided by
tho tacts inspired President Wil
son to refuse his consent to a
declaration of war against Turkey
when yr?: were fighting Germany.
The present crisis proves that we
left the pources of war untouched
and that, Europe is powerless
through its divisions to dam these
eources. A new war threatens be
cause our statesmen would not
view the last war as a whole, would
.not see that its origin was the
intrusion of a barbarous, fanatic,
Asiatic power into the flank of the
civilized western world, and would
not strike to destroy that power.
.One great need of. tdio Amrica
people is statesmen who 'will in
struct them in the relation of their
country to -world affairs, and the
education which such men would
impart. We need men who will
not embark us on crusades of
quixotic knight-errantry, nor call
for sudden transition from im
possible, neutrality to emotional
idealism, nor lead us into wars
of sordid aggression. Our states
men should understand and should
make the people understand that,
as the greatest free nation in
the world, we fortify our freedom
by promoting the spread of free
institutions and by helping to beat
back the forces of barbarism and
military autocracy; also that, as the
wealthiest nation in the world and
as a bidder for commercial su
premacy. we have an interest in
driving the barbarians from the
1 highways of commerce. When the
nations which should be first to
unite in, defense of freedom and
free commerce at the point of at
tack are rendered powerless by
division, our statesmen should use
our great moral influence to unite
them and, in an extreme emer
gency such as arose in 1914 and
such as may soon arise, should
place our material resources on
their side.
rtBi, ISNT IT?
Funny how The Oregonian looks upon
the direct primary as a blessing when
its results happen to go its -way of
thinking. Poindexter of Washington and
Townsend of Michigan were nominated
by the republicans in spite of their New
berry votes and The Oregonian Is might'
ily pleased to think that these repre
sentatives of big business and little poll'
tics are so thoroughly vindicated by the
rank and file of the party. It is notice
able, however, that The Oregonian does
not call attention to the fact that both
these candidates are the choice of mi
norities. Eugene Guard. - ,
The Oregonian did not nominate
Poindexter or Townsend. The. di
rect primary did and Lodge as
well, all in one day. The criticism
of the displeased Guard lies prop
erly against the primary and not
against The .Oregonian.
The Guard is for the primary, of
course, so long as its results are
pleasing. Lately it has had cause
to repent its early support of the
nominating device which too often
selects the wrong man, or fails to
select the best man.
Following its little outburst on
Townsend and Poindexter, the
Guard had occasion to say some
thing about a political happening
at home. Evidently its headache
was worse than ever, for here is
the next-day view:
The unexpected flop of Walter M.
Pierce from a democratic platform fea
turing reduction of taxes to advocacy of
the measures sponsored by the Ku Klux
Kian and the more or less unexpected
entrance of Charles Hall into the Tace
for governor as an Independent Klan-
repubnean candidate has made & real
mess of politics in Oregon. It seems,
however, the logical outcome of a wide
open primary where anybody may run
for office on any kind of a platform.
He may. Pierce makes his own
platform, after nomination. He has
taken advantage of one of the
grave faults of the primary. In the
old days, he would not have dared
thus to inject a new issue into his
campaign.
THE VETO OF THE BONUS BILL
It is impossible not to admire
the courage of President Harding
in vetoing the soldiers' bonus bill.
He recognized it as a political de
vice to promise the veterans a
bonus, but to give it to them iji
the shape of several unsatisfactory
alternatives in order to dodge the
unpopular necessity of levying a
tax with which to pay, when th
only honest, straightforward course
is to impose the tax and pay the
bonus in cash or in an equivalent
bought with cash.
Congress lacks the. courage which
the president displays. It knows
that a real bonus can be paid only
with cash, yet it dares not provide
the cash by taxation or by a bond
issue. It pretends to believe that
the people want to. give the. bonus,
but do not want to provide the
money. It does not give the people
credit for sincerity. The people are
not Indian givers. If they want to
give the bonus, they are willing to
supply the money; if not, the fact
that present payments are made
small in order to postpone taxation
for the purpose to a future year
will not commend the bill to them.
They will finish perusal of th veto
message with increased respect for
the president and with greatly
diminished respect for congress.
Unlike congress, Mr. Harding
looks all the relevant facts square
ly in the face and bases his judg
ment on them. The relatively small
amounts of cash which would have
been paid directly from the treas
ury during the next few years do
not reconcile him to the bill when
a deficit of $650,000,000 already
looms before him and when, the
bill Imposes indefinitely large new
obligations to be met in the near
future.' Congress has already ap
propriated much more money than
is in prospect. If it wants to spend
yet more, let it provide more mon
ey.' Political expediency does not
justify it in spending money which
the treasury has neither in its pos
session ndr im prospect.
The bill is a fraud on both the
veterans and the taxpayers, to
which the president declines to be
a party.
AN AID TO TRADE WITH CI UNA.
One good piece of work which
must be credited to the present
congress is the China trade act,
under which Americans and Chi
nese may form corporations under
the laws of the District of Columbia
for trade in China, and the part
of their profits derived from that
trade is exempt from income tax.
This bill relieves Americans from
the necessity of incorporating un
der British law in order to compete
on equal terms with foreign com
panies which, enjoy that exemption.
When Americans Invested under
British law, they were required to
elect British directors and man
agers, who worked in the interest
of British trade.
Though news of civil war and of
changes of government aA Pekin
creates the impression that all China
is in such turmoil that trade is im
possible, several great provinces are
under the orderly rule of their gov
ernors without regard to who is
supreme at Pekin, and brigandage
is mercilessly suppressed. Some of
these governors and their subordi
nates were educated in the United
States, are friendly to Americana
and introduce American ideas and
inventions.
Notwithstanding the disorder
which prevails in some provinces,
the opportunity to extend trade in
Gti is good, and the new law
permits our corporations to control
their capital and to do business on
equal terms in competition with
those of other countries. -
DISGRACEFUL AND SCANDALOUS;
The disgraceful facts about the
initiation of the so-called hold-up
fish bill and the fake 6 per cent
interest bill are quite thoroughly
exposed by Circuit Judges Bingham
and Kelly. The measures are
thrown off the ballot, because the
procedure to put them on was
tainted throughout with fraud. It
may be expected that the grange
income tax bill, which was also in
the hands of professional petition.
hawkers and name-grabbers, will
share the same fate.
The essence of the crime perpe
trated against the initiative and the
people of Oregon lies in the gross
and deliberate violation, of law by
men and women who had qualified
for their jobs by becoming notaries
public and therefore officers of the
state. The law requires that all
signers of initiative petitions must
be legal voters and there must be
a certification by a county clerk,
from the records, or a notary pub
lic, through personal acquaintance.
to that effect. For the interest bill
there were evidently nearly four
thousand signatures fraudulently
certified as legal voters by certain
notaries public. For the fish bill
one Newman was held to have cer
tified to the voting qualifications of
1847 signers, none of whom he
knew personally. Green, sponsor
of the measure, is declared- by the
court to have "falsely and fraudu
lently" and "without the consent
and against her will" written fifty-
five names secured by another cir
culator into a petition bearing the
seal of a notary public.
These are not all the specifica
tions of irregularity and criminal
ity.
But they illustrate the whole
rotten business of petition shoving
as conduced by certain persons
iaving their own ends in view. It
is a crime, having the dimensions
of a conspiracy against the public
welfare. It should be dealt with
accordingly.
An examination of the laws of
Oregon (sections 4098 and sections
3189-3190) will give the district
attorney abundant authority to
proceed. The findings of the court
are a sufficient indication of his
duty.-
THE COST OF GOLD.
Forty-seven fatalities in a single
gold mine in California loom large
in the annals of the moment, but
they constitute a very small frac
tion, of the price that has been paid
for all the gold jthat has been dug
out of the ground. Immediate ini
diustrial perils may increase from
time to time as shafts find greater
depths, as use of machinery in
creases and as men dare larger
ventures into the unknown. But
Oiese, on the other hand, have a
tendency te be offset by the greater
security afforded by modern appli
ances, by the fact that society ..will
demand for the wage-earner a
larger measure of protection than
lt would insist on for the private
adventurer or than the latter would
ask for himself, and by the cir
cumstance that gold mining now
employs but scores by comparison
with thousands who were engaged
n it when it was envefoped in ro
mance and when the industry was
young. The real casualties or tne
quest of gold occurred in the two
decades immediately following the
epochal discovery on Sutter creek,
in California, less than three-quar
ters of a century ago.
Thousands of lives were sacri
ficed in mining camps and in the
long journey across the plains. Ini-
dian massacres accounted for num.
bers of them, private feuda for
others, and still more were paid as
toll to the spirit of outlawry that
prevailed in the period between the
first rush and the organization of
government on, a stable foundation.
The social outlook fostered by self
ishness and greed militated against
establishment of authority at first,
though Anglo-Saxon capacity for
discipline, for compromise and for
order measurably triumphed in the
end. The estimate of ten. thousand
casualties is likely not to be far
from the mark, but the precise
number will never -be. known.. The
graves of the victims of the mad
rush dotted every hillside and gulch
and it but accentuates the tragedy
that a vast number were unnamed.
Men lost their identities no less
than their lives in that period of
turmoil, in which few appeared at
their best. Dr. J. Tyrwhdtt Brooks,
an English physician who went to
California from Oregon, contributed
a profound commentary on. human
nature when, in his account of the
expedition of which -he was a mem
ber, he told how during the time
that men were united by poverty
and common peril they were loyal
and unselfish, but as soon as
prosperity overtook them tfley be
came prey to envy, suspicion; un
rest and all the vices engendered
by too sudden success. Casualties
to character may have been more
extensive than actual loss of life.
The era of deep mining, sug
gested by the Argonaut disaster, is
the latest of four epochs in the
hJstory of precious metal mining in
the west. The first was that of the
gold pan, when each individual la
bored for himself, employing a
primitive method of extracting gold
from gravel that permitted opera
tion of only the richest of bars.
This was followed within a year,
however, .by adoption of the
"cradle," which was being widely
utilized by the time that the
greater influx of treasure-seekers
from the Atlantic states set - in.
This was a phenomenon of some
sociological importance because it
required co-operation and marked
a step forward from the primitive
state to which the community had
reverted in its first days. Sluice
mining. Including river-bed mining,
the third step, introduced a larger
factor of organization and foresight
and contributed the element of
relative permanency to the whole
movement. The water of streams
obtained value which it did not
have in the period of the rocker
and pan; lumber was required) for
the construction of aqueducts;
great numbers were engaged in
other branches of mining -than the
actual recovery of gold. Restora
tion of order came slowly, but was
accelerated by the growing neces
sity for laws on the basis of which
men might build for the future.
The need for stability of enterprise,
for security of property, for guar
antees that painstaking foresight
wouJd not go for naught, was a
more potent force in, ax resting, the
spirit of lawlessness than was re
gard for the sanctity of human life.
General lawlessness, highway
robbery and a multitude of crimes
of violence account for a consider
able proportion of the casualties
which go to make up the cost of
the most speota,cular gold mining
boom in. the history of the world,
But another very large number
died from tbfe effects of hardships
to which the newcomers were not
accustomed, and from disease
which was widely epidemic and
which they were not equipped to
combat. The winters of 1851 and
1852 in the gold camps were de
vastating in their effects on men
two-thirds of whom in. some locali
ties were disabled by fevers, by
scurvy and by other grave maladies
and for whom the most meager
provision for. shelter had been
made. The output of gold was en
ormous probably exceeding $1,
180,000,000 in the third of a cen
tury immediately following 1848
but luck, the outstanding charac
teristic of early, mining, frowned
on a vastly larger number of in
dividuals than were favored by the
smiles of fortune. The great ma
jority of those who sought wealth
in sandbars and hills received lit
tle or no reward for their labor and
thousands wasted their lives. These
and other Imponderables make it
impracticable to estimate the total
cost, but they give color to the
assertion that a greater wealth was
put into the ground than ever was
taken out.
WAR OX FOOD-CROP ENEMIES. ,
The enormous economic impor
tance of organized war on plant
parasites is graphically illustrated
by the statement of the department
of agriculture that the damage
done by the cotton boll weevil in
1921 was far greater than in any
previous year, fatally affecting 79
I per cent of the cotton grown in
the United States and actually pre
venting the production of 6,277,000
bales. . This was a 21 per cent
greater loss than that of the year
immediately preceding, and it
means that but for the ravages of
the weevil the whole crop of 1921
could have been produced on 57
per cent of the land that was
planted to cotton, leaving the re
mainder for the growing of other
essentia! staples.
Our ancestors did not number
among, their many Troubles the
plant pests that have been lately
superimposed on the usual uncer
tainties of climate and weather to
make agriculture and husbandry
the gamble that they are. Un
doubtedly, one of the chief reasons
why our parasite enemies have
gained the foothold that they have
is that their destructive possibili
ties were not realized in time. In
pointing out that its early warn
ings were not heeded, and that
planters are now suffering the con
sequences of failure to adopt re
pressive measures some time ago,
the department also conveys a les
son widely applicable to every crop
that is now menaced by a destruc
tive insect of any kind. '
Probably it is too gloomy a fore
cast that paints the complete de
struction of cotton growing in the
United States, but fruit growers,
for example, who have seen entire
districts in the older states aban
doned to the ravages of borer, moth
and scale will be too wise to dis
parage, as they used to do, the
value of scientific research and
united action for pest suppression.
Scarcely a standard commodity. is
now immune. The corn borer.
smut and rust in wheat, the alfalfa
weevil and a myriad, of other in
sidious workers threaten our food
supply at its source. The isolation
which was the pioneer farmer's
protection against spread of plant
disease has given way to conditions
which demand co-operative meas
ures of the highest type.
Yale undergraduates are to be
permitted to operate automobiles
only by special permission of the
college authorities. Viewing the
automobile either as a distracting
diversion or a means of escape, the
rule seems reasonable enough.
Belgium's demand on Germany
for a hundred million' marks would
be easy enough to meet if Belgium
hadn't been so mindful of her
experience with scraps of paper,
and specified gold.
A fellow sent up from Clackamas
county Is trying to spoil everything
by escaping from the penitentiary.
His punishment, when recaptured.
might be determined by has fellows.
On this date the day and night
are theoretically equal, but not in
this latitude. Old Sol finds it hard
to break from the habit, of shining
down this way from Alaska.
About now the thrifty house
holder who. cultivated a backyard
garden begins to notice that there
has been a reduction in the' size
of the grocery bills.
Our bet is that with- this Turkish
fuss coming up, these European
nations are all going to forget that
they are supposed to scrap their
battleships.
What a world of trouble would
have been saved if nature, in sepa
rating the water from . the land,
had not made the Dardanelles!
What most people would like to
know isn't so much when the next
war will be fought as when, the
next peace will occur.-
The arts that are said to be de
clining in the middle European
countries do not include, of course,
the art preservative.
Any of the county fairs within
running distance should be at
tended. People appreciate Port
land visitors. ' , -
A Seattle man is reported missing
.with $11,500 a powerful lot of
money for one Seattle man to have.
' The Turks have a way of over
coming a majority vote that should
recommend itself to politicians.""
The candidate who talks politics
at a county fair needs to be given
the razzle dazzle raspberry.
The man who reads the tariff bill
from beginning to end will outdo
Job in patience.
The bright fellows who will sell
Oregon to travelers are here. Give
'em both ha.ndq.
GREECE NOT YET DEFEATED
Fate of Near East Depends on Com
mon Sense of People.
PORTLAND, Or., Sept. 20. (To the
Editor.) What is the matter with
the world today? The matter with
the world is lack of common senBe,
sincerity, honesty and mutual con
fidenca. It is selfishness, ambition
and desire for revenge.
Even the most narrow-minded
person should have expected the
present cataclysm in the near east
I for one am not at all surprised at
what is happening in that part of
the globe. I had foreseen it. I had
predicted it. But the sorcalled
statesmen of western Europe not
only shut their ears to the cries of
men well versed in the -affairs of the
near east, but even denounced them
as traitors to their cause. They sup
plied Mustapna Kemal with guns
and ammunition which he is using
against them today. In spite of
their ipromises", they made treaties
with the Turkish rebel by virtue or
which he was recognized as the
backbone of the Turkish empire.
They instructed the bloodhound how
to resist and how to defeat the
Greek army that had fought and
conquered the Turks and the Bui
gars in Macedonia and Thrace and
Asia Minor!
Why all this? First, because of
selfishness and mutual jealousy and
mistrust among the allies; and, sec
ond, because of the attitude of the
Greeks themselves, the main figures
in this drama. Prior to the elections
of November, 1920, the prophetic Cre
tan told the Greek people. One vote
cast against me is one bullet fired
against our country." But the un
fortunate Greek people, deceived and
misled by a band of cowards and
traitors (what else could I call
them?), who posed as Armodius and
Aristogifcon, voted against Venizelos
and thus opened tneir own grave!
The governments that succeeded
that of- Venizelos did everything
possible to briiig about the present
crisis. Disregarding the warnings
of the allied governments that if the
king were restored to the throne of
Athens Greece would lose the confi
dence and: support of the allied na
tions, the Greek politicians held a
plebiscite, recalled the king and- al
lowed the Athenian mob to threaten
and to dutr-age the French legation
at Athens. They forbade the teach
ing of French in Greek public
schools and introduced German in
stead. They withheld the truh from
the Greek people. They allowed the
press to speak most childishly and
vulgarly against the allies, especially
against France. They identified the
fate of the'nation with that of the
king; they cared more for tjie safety
of the king than for the salvation
of the Hellenic youth that was fight
ng on the battlefields - of Asia
Minor! .
The constitutional national assem
bly, instead of maintaining its dig
nity and remaining faithful to the
mandate of the people, allowed it
self to be influenced and even to
be commanded by the king. Party
strife and personal interests over
shadowed reason and blocked the
care for- public safety. We heard
Mr. Mitsopulos, deputy from Attica,
propose massacre of all the Veni
zelists throughout Greece. We heard
another deputy, Mr. Klnias, denounc
ing his Thracian colleagues as trai
tors, worthy of Mustapha Kemal s
dagger, simply because they were
Venizelist liberals. We saw Mr.
Gounaris, majority leader in the na
tional assembly, use a vulgar and
bitter language in addressing his
colleagues. We heard Mr. Stratos,
leader of the conservative party, de
nounce all the phil-Hellenes Take
Jonescu, Andre Tardieu, Raymond
Poincare simply because they hap
pened to be personal friends of Mr.
Venizelos.
We saw the whole national as
sembly, minus the liberal party, vote
400,000 golden drachmas as dowry
to Princess Helen, eldest daughter
of the king, while the Greek soldiers
were -starving in the trenches in
Asia Minor and their families were
helpless at homer Yet the members
of this august body claimed to rep
resent the wiH of the Greek people.
The opinion prevails in this coun
try and abroad that the disaster of
the Greek army is due to lack of
unity in Greece. Nothing could be
more absurd than this opinion. The
Greek nation was more than ever
united for execution of the treaty
of Sevres. It Is thought that the
Venizelists refused to fight under
Constantine for the execution of the
treaty signed by Venizelos. Exactly
the opposite is true. The Venizelists
have been the protagonists in trying
to carry out the treaty ot Sevres
With these facts In view the ques
tion arises: If the Greek nation was
united, why should the Greek army
suffer defeat at the hands of Mus
tapha Kemal? The answer is very
simple: Because the Greek army
was unably commanded and inade
quately supplied and because it
lacked the moral support of the al
lied and friendly nations.
At the present moment it Is com
monly believed that the Greek army
is completely defeated and disor
ganized and that it is unable to face
the enemy again. I state without
hesitation that the Greek army may
be disorganized, but It Is not de
feated. 1 was forced to leave Asia
Minor, not by Mustapha Kemal's
hordes, but by the inefficiency of
its commanding officers. Should a
strong man. such as Venizelos, head
a new government the Greek army
would be reorganized and prepared
to take the field within two or three
weeks. General Par'askevopulos
ano other Greek officers, who fought
heroically In the battlefields of
Macedonia during the world war.
would be in command of the army,
while the glorious Admiral Coun
turiotes would be in charge of the
navy. Then with the moral and
material support of America and
England first and of France after
ward they would Impose the treaty
of -Sevres. ' -
Unfortunately, It seems impossible
for Greece to win the confidence of
the allied and friendly nations so
long as Constantine remains on the
throne -of Athens. The king would
rather seeGreece destroyed and dis
membered than give up the throne.
Foreign nations cannot force him to
abdicate. It depends on the Greek
people. Unfortunately, the Greek
people do not seem inclined to do so.
Tired of war and disgusted with
politics, they find themselves be
tween two evils and they do not
know which one to choose. The
Venizelists blame the king and his
advisers as being mainly responsi
ble for the present catastrophe. The
royalists, on the other hand, blame
France and the Venezllists, while
the moderates blame the allies
(France) and the king.
What will be the result of this un
certainty? It remains to be seen.
If the king is really the cause of this
catastrophe it depends on the good
sense of the Greek people. If it is
France, it depends on the sense ot
honor and self-respect of the rest of
Europe and America. TIMOLEON.
Date of Wright's First Flight.
CARSON, Wash., Sept. 19. (To
the Editor.) Please publish the
date of the Wright brothers' first
successful flight with heaiiier-than-air
machine, motor propelled.
PETE OSTLUND.
December 17, 1903. On this date
the Wrights made four flights of
from 12 to 52 seconds' duration at
Kittyhawk, N. C. Their first long
distance flight wan made near Day
ton, O, la 1805.
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales of Folks at tho Hotels.
France has the lily: England the
rose, but Douglas county has the
prune. This year there will be a
yield of about 15,000,000 pounds of
prunes in Douglas county, accord
ing to J. M. Throne of Roseburg,
registered at the Imperial. "This
means that the prunes will bring
into the county about 11,250,000,"
says Mr. Throne, "which gives some
idea of the importance of the crop.
Many of the producers sold their
prunes at 10 cents a pound. How
ever, I am optimistic and haven't
Bold yet. I am interested in an or
chard of 30 acres. The trees in
our bottom lands are more produc
tive than those in the Willamette
valley. There is one tree on our
land which last year produced 27
bushels of prunes, or a matter of
1740 pounds. This makes the tree's
yield about J174. This year I ex
pect this same trraji to give about
33 bushels, for the tree looks even
more heavily loaded than last year.
I told ono of the leading nursery
men in the state that the tree pro
duoed 29 bushels of prunes and he
frankly deolared that he didn t be
lieve me, . but it is a fact." Mr.
Throne has been busy building a
new drier so that H will be ready
when the picking starts. Aside
from being a prunarian, Mr. Throne
is the republican nominee for the
house of representatives from
Douglas county.
Think of having a veranda and
sun parlor for your exclusive use
on board ship. Hot dog! Well,
some of the private suites on the
Empress of Austria, which same Is
a steamer, have not only a ver
anda, but a private baggage room
and bedroom for the maid, and a
bathroom. - The suites have every
thing that a swell apartment on
shore has except a kitchenette. The
steamer has a first-class dining
room, 75 by 100 feet, which can seat
300 people, this being as many as
any hotel dining room in Portland
can take care of at a banquet. There
are eating accommodations for 160
at the second-class table. Captain
S. Robinson, his wife and Mrs.
Nichols are at the Multnomah for a
quick look at the town. Captain
Robinson is the "old man" of the
Empress of Austria and has 600
people to help him run the boat,
which is 615 feet long. This steamer
was built by the Germans to be
used in the South American line
with the intention of catering espe
cially to multi-millionaires. During
the war, (however, the British seized
the steamer and It ia now being
used on the run between Vancouver,
B. C, and Hongkong.
In the redwood grove outside of
Crescent City, Cal., there are four
trees dedicated, respectively, to
Ben W. Olcott, governor of Oregon;
Robert A. Booth, John B. Teon and
W. B. Barratt, the three OregofH
highway commissioners. These tow
ering redwoods, with soft, green
limbs almost sweeping the ground,
were dedicated to the officials as a
token of appreciation of their hav
ing attended the interstate good
roads meeting at Crescent City last
July. The trees bearing the names
of the highway commissioners were
dedicated by Judge J. L. Childs of
Crescent City, Cal., who is regis
tered at the Imperial. One of the
jokes of the whole affair is that
the trees dedicated to the governor
and members of the highway com
mission are the property of a big
lumber company and not the prop
erty of the road boosters of Cal
ifornia, so Judge Childs was mak
ing a present of trees which be
longed to someone else. So far as
the lumber company is concerned,
however, it doesn't object to the
labels on the trees, and there is
no intention, for years to come, to
log off the redwoods.
Had a job getting some fried
clams in Portland restaurants to
day," began a man in a hotel lobby
yesterday. "I didn't know that
clams are protected by law the
same as deer and other wild game.
I hadn't supposed that the clam had
friend on earth, but it appears
that several legislatures have sprung
to the defense of the clam with
greater earnestness than they have
in coming to the aid of children.
was told that Washington has
fixed it so that clams are protected
for the next couple of years, which
will give the clammers of Oregon a
monopoly and the quotations will
soar. One restaurant man told me
that he had to pay 40 cents a dozen
for clam on the hoof, yet only a few
years atro peddlers were glad to
get a dime a dozen."
uiJN
m-
A noticeable feature in the Mult
nomah lobby of late is the predom-
nance of pipes instead of cigars.
The bishops and other clergymen
who ore at the hotel while attend-
j ing the Episcopal convention appear
addicted to emoking, and by pref
erence they uBe a pipe to cigars or
cigarettes. More pipes are now In
use in the lobby of this establish
ment than normally would be seen
in SI jL Jliujiuia. xauLei men nio a. i
unit in declaring that they never)
had to handle delegates to a con
vention who gave as little trouble
as those here for the church confer
ence.
Bound for the round-up at Ten-
dleton, Mrs. F. E. Butcher of As
torla arrived at the Benson yester
day. iThe wild west show at Pen
dleton drew scores of people from
Portland last night. One Portlander
received a long-distance message
from Pendleton relatives saying
that for Friday and Saturday the
seats are almost all sold out and
that Pendleton is confronted with
the -problem of accommodating its
visitors and is determined to do it.
It doesn't sound reasonable, but is
vouched for: The manager of a
Portland hotel remained up all night
long a few evenings ago so that he
would be on hand in the morning
early enough to fire the cook.
J. E. Tappan. secretary of the In
vestors' syndicate of Minneapolis, is
in Portland for a few days looking
after the Interests of the company.
He is accompanied by his sister,
Mrs. C, T. Guthrie.
Mrs. H. M. Farmer, wife of the
county commissioner of Tillamook,
is registered at the Hotel Oregon
from Cloverdale, Mrs. Farmer is
accompanied by Mrs. W. J. Gilbert
of Beaver.
J. L. Sprinkle, registering from
Chinook, Mont., .in which state he
owns several ranches. Is at the
Benson. In Oregon he owns a sort
of one-horse railroad.
George G. Brown, clerk of the
state land board, was In Portland
yesterday on business.
' Redress for Private Grievance.
WOODBURN. Or.. Sept. 20. (To
the Editor.) Does the United States
government have a department of
justice before which one might lay
a gr'evance, where there has been
unfair dealing In mining or oil
stock? Does the government, look
into these matters without charge
to complainant? If not, what charge
is made? BUBSCKliiiiiu.
The government will not interest
itself in a controversy over the
merits of a financial transaction or
recover money In, a civil liability.
Tntoart .ni-nmnrern iifie the mails to
defraud it will take action against!
them. I
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright. Homrhton-Mlfflln to.
(Copyrlrht, 1922. by Houghton Mifflin
' Company.)
Can Yon Answer These Questions?
1. Have blue Jays any natural
enemies?
2. I have sprayed my orchard
faithfully for apple scab, but can't
seem to get rid of it. Can you sug
gest anything?
3. What can I do for a dog that
is poisoned from eating salmon left
dead after spawning? I have been
recommended to use oil and salts.
Answers in tomorrow's nature
notes.
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. If parrots are naturally Imi
tative, do they imitate the notes of
other birds?
Not in the sense that mocking
birds do, or various other passerine
birds that sometimes seem to copy
their neighbor's notes. It is be
lieved that parrots Imitate only
when taught so to do by repeated
effort on the part of human teachers.
2. Why did my little seedlings
that cams up all right dwindle off
after a few days?
Possibly the very damp season
was to blame. Seedlings that have
too much shade and moisture are
aften attacked by a parasitic fungus,
pythium debaryanum, which lodges
on the wet surfaces of the tiny
plants, draining their vitality. Com
mon greenhouse name for this la
"damping off."
3. Can you tell me anything of
the life history of the codfish?
Its life history was first fully ob
served by the Norwegian - scientist
Sars. Cod spawn In fairly deep sea,
dropping quantities of minute,
transparent, globular eggs which
float. The New York aquarium esti
mates that a 75-lb. cod may pro
duce 9,000,000 eggs. The tiny fishes
when hatched first feed near the
surface of the vaater, but as they
grow, seek shelter among rocks and
sea weed near the ooast. I,ater,
take to deep sea. Very predaceoiw.
eating a variety of fishes, shell
fishes, clams, etc.
WHY SHOILD THEY NOT MEET?
If Renubllcana Want to Get To.
a-ether. It's Their BuHlnrsa.
La Grande Observer.
Just why anyone can consistent
ly object to a political party In a
state holding a meeting for the
purpose of announcing party prin
ciples is not quite understood. Yet
we notice a few newspapers have
almost gone Into hysterica because
a number of republicans Intend to
meet In Portland soon for that pur
pose.
Our present loose-end condition
of political affairs is to a great
extent due to lack of party prin
ciples. As Sam Bly the said In the
Saturday Evening Post, "everyone
goes gunning and shoots at ran
dom."
But it in refreshing to note that
all the complaint thus far regard
ing holding a platform convention
of the republicans has come from
the democratic newspapers or "In
dependents" with strong democratic
leanings. .
The expressed fear that the di
rect primary law will be quartered
and its bones be left to bleach on
the sands of the Columbia river
seems to us entirely unfoundoij, and
doubtless the newspapers printiug
such waitings know there is no Jus
tifiable ground for them to stand on.
We do not believe anyone wants
to do away with the primary law,
but the defects in it should lie cor
rected and the voter and citizen who
denies that statement lacks courage
and common honesty of purpone.
Republicans will meet and when
they do the very best Interests of
the entire state of Oregon will be
uppermost in their minds. When
the platform of principles I made
doubtless It will come from delibcra
tlon on the part of those in attend
ance. Everyone will not get all
they want from the platform, prob
ably, and It Is possible the commit
tee may not be of one mind on everf
issue mentioned. We have nevi.i
known of a platform of either ot
the old parties that had unanimous
approval on every point.
But out of the deliberation, where
every member will speak hln mind,
should come a declaration of prin
ciples that will mean something to
the voters of this state.
lDER TIIE CLOU).
"All our fathers were under the cloud."
-1 Cor. 10-1.
Under the cloud, low-lying, gray;
Whose silver crest yet feeds In light
Of tender grief and gentle cares.
Some oT Ood's children reach the
night .
That folds them in a deathless
shroud,
Umler the cloud.
Under the cloud, afloat in dreams.
Or pillowed on the ocean mist
Of wavering doubt and feeble faith;
Of love that failed and deeds that
missed,
His children pass, with shame deep
bowed.
Under the cloud.
Under the cloud, whose leaden
weight
Hides all the careless Joy of earth;
Brooding upon a moaning sea
Of pain, that waits each day's new
birth.
Brave souls march on, in triumph
proud.
Under the cloud.
Under the cloud, from whose deep
gloom
The lightning leaps of man's dark
hate;
Around whose base the thunders
roar
Of sins that leave him desolate,
He falters on, with footsteps cowed.
Under the cloud.
Beyond the cloud, aflame with light.
And erlowlng with the royal red
Of blood that stained a soldier's
spear, '
Once on the slopes of Calvary shed,
Stands one by men long disavowed;
Beyond the cloud!
Mary Alethea Woodward.
An Opportunist's Way.
Medford Mail-Tribune.
Mr. Pierce is proud of bIng a
practical dirt farmer. And yet as
a practical politician, campaigning
for votes, he proposes a most Im
practical programme.
There is no religious issue In the
present campaign, he declares. And
then he proceeds to endorse the so-
called compulsory school bill, which
everyone knows la the cornerstone
of the anti-Caltholic campaign, and
renders the religious issue inevit
able.
Mr. Pierce declares taxes the is
sue, the only issue, ana promises
if elected to reduce them. And yet
he favors1 this compulsory school
bill, which if passed, will saddle at
least a million dollars a year more
taxes on the people of the state.
The only answer Is that when a
man oecomes a praciicai poiuicnn
he ceases to be a practical dirt
farmer or a practical anything
else. He becomes overnight, an op
portunist, willing to promise any
thing if it can be depended upon to
bring - him votes,
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montagu.
AST 1NKP1IU.YO K X A l 11. E.
Sin Kir.it priaon was run at a b'C
profit lat year.
A place of small pretension
Was Sing Sing, on a time;
It seldom had a mention
In histories of crime.
None glimpsed its future glories.
Its Iron-padded halLs.
Its cells In towering stories.
Its beetling granite walls.
But its undaunted inmates, 1
In that far. distant day.
Cried loudly; "Work and win, raatss.
And make our prison pay I
No kind protective tariff
Will make us great or strong.
But every county sheriff
Will help us, right along'
This lofty spirit paid them;
It brought them fame galora.
And presently to aid them
Came convicts by the score.
Hold by a common tether.
Provided by the state.
They all have worked together
To make the prison great.
And In this present century
In every cllms and ion
This once small penitentiary
Is well and widely known.
And thus can any prison
Arise to wealth and fame
As Sing Sing has arisen
By doing Just the same!
v
ore Hurerai,
A New. York man has invented a
wave mdtor. If It will run on crime
waves it will solve the perpetual
motion problem.
DUkrartenlma.
There Is reason for fear that pea
Is about to break out in Guatemala
again.
The Mirer Lining.
Well, anyway we won't have
much trouble with the furn.ire next
winter.
(Copyright, 1922, by the Bell Syndi
cate, Inc.)
In Other Days.
l-'lfly Years As.
Kroin The Orcsonlan of S-pt. VI, 172.
London. An immediate ric-tilne in
the price of coal is confidently ex
pected. Columbus. Greeley's train ?msslnK
through stopped for a few minitt a
and tiie candidate made a httef
speech, reiterating his argument in
favor of reconciliation.
A large amount of material for
the courthouse building urrlved on
the last sUaraiT.
The largest freight train that has
ever come down the track puss'-d
East Portland on Thursday evening.
When the last car was on J street
bridge the locomotive was more than
half way to the depot.
Tmrenty-tlve Inn Ao.
From The nregnnlan of 8-pt. SI. HOT
Washington. Tho ptislofflco de
partment has Information that the
Mississippi board of health has
quarantined all malls from tho yel
low fovor-lnfectcd district.
Hamburg. Prince Rismnrrk has
received tho grand cross of the Star
of Ethiopia from King Alrnrllk of
Abyssinia.
Perhaps whisky is king In Alaska.
because alcohol Is the only thing
that will not freeze in that country.
Meier & Frank will begin work
soon on thulr nnw department s'or-.
which is to occupy half a Mm-k
betwon Alder and Morrison streets,
fronting on Fifth. They have re
cently docldod to ad. I anothrr story
to it. making It flvo stories m
height.
di,k.m:ss iv ju. ! m:ri.oni--.t
Fnrm for lonvlrtrd Trlaonrra. Ir-
tvnllon House for Others, t red.
BROOKLYN'. X. V., S.-pt. 10. (Ti
the Editor.) The Oregonian prlnte l
recently un article, entitled "Jail
Addition Needed." This Jul I. we
understand. Is used for the con
finement of persons awaiting trial
and for those servlnr ii'tilrnc" for
nii-Kdciiieaiiors. This two-fold uso of
county Jail has led to bad condi
tions in practically every Jail .n
the country- l'rlsoncrs awaiting
trial cannot be forced to work clnr-
ng this period, hut prisoners s-rv-ng
sentence should work. As a
rule, they are Idle becauso they
are too few In number to be
profitably employed anil liecaust.
the keeper of the Jnll cannot nr
exuected to be competent to super
viso industrial work.
The national committee on prisons
and prison labor. 2 Hector strr-(i,
New York city, Is guidlnc a nation
wide movement for "stain control
of all convicted persons." This Is
radical when a farm colony Is s-
abllshed by the stste to which are
sent persons convicted or mis
demeanors -from all the different
counties of the state.
Congrewi established the first -f
these misdemeanant farm colonies
at Occoquam for prisoners from tho
District of Columbia. The elate of
Indiana has since established oie
at I'utnamvlllc and the movement
Is well under way In New York ami
Massachusetts. Thero is li" difficulty
at theo colonies In providing ade
quate work for all prisoners.
,A small honso of detention, is all
that la needed for any county for
persons awaiting trial, and with
transportation fucllities available
throuKh motor servlc there Is no
reason why a numbur of rountira
cannot combine In maintaining a
house of detention. The taxpayers
will benefit by h adoption of
these plans. K. VAN IN:U.V.
TWII.ItillT ME MOM IE.
Those twIIlKht hours with one who
understood.
Whose heart and mind and soul
were, :oilly ajood ;
Whose love for fellow humans
seemed to reach
From frosen north to ynnmost coral
beach ;
One arctic-cold to any meanly
thing.
Yet tropic-warm to all ennohllng;
Whoso pulses beat with such sweet
sympathy.
Who treated mankind with such
charity
A human partner In Ood'a plan of
love.
Whom height, nor depth, nor angels
cou'.d not move;
Whose noble faco before me e't-r
I see
And music-voice I hear wh.e can
it be? E. a.
Either la f orrn-t.
PORTLAND. Sept. 20 (To th
Editor.) Which Is correct, id. If
both are, which I preferable: "I
have one on 'each' side of me." nr
"I have one ou 'either' !rf of me?"
.stiisi -miiKi:.
Both are- soocl Kncliah. "K.t' ci'"
la preferable in Unit I' is mote
definitive, holng numerically tt
stricttd to two.