THE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 1922
ESTABLISH "ED BY HENRY I PITTOCK
Published by The Oresronian Pub. Co..
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THe 'bAVAGED CITY OF SMYRNA.
Smyrna, the greatest city of Asia
Minor, which is being wrecked by
the barbarous Turks, traces its his
tory into misty antiquity, ' having
been founded by the Lelegians,
then colonized by the Greeks and
earlier than the seventh century
before Christ admitted as the thir
teenth state in the Ionian confeder
ation. It lies at the head of a gulf
which reaches far inland, to the
sea end of one of the great trade
routes of Anatolia, which descends
the Hermus valley. .In ancient
times it was rivaled for commercial
supremacy by Miletus and Ephesus,
but they have long ago disappeared,
and its supremacy is undisputed.
The. river Meles, which flows by
the city, is connected by tradition
with Homer, who was said to have
composed his poems in a cave near
its source. A temple in his honor
was built on its bank and coins
bore his image.
The city has been by turns the
prey of a succession of oriental
conquerors. It was captured by the
king of Lydia in the sixth century
13. C. and lost its Greek character
until Alexander restored it three
centuries later. It regained its
splendor, and under the Romans
became the seat of a governor and
later of a bishop, Bishop Polycarp
being martyred there in 155 A. D.
When the Roman emperors made
Constantinople their eastern cap
ital, Smyrna declined in wealth and
Importance, and was ravaged and
almost reduced to ruins by the
Turks. Emperor John Ducas Va
tatzes rebuilt it about 1222, but it
was still half ruinous when the
Turks again conquered it a century
later and made it an emirate. The
Knights of St. John for a time held
all but the cita-ffel, but in 1402 the
Mongols stormed the city and mas
sacred its people. It then passed
Into the hands of the Seljuk Turkg
of Aidin, and remained in Turkish
hands until the Greeks occupied it
under mandate from the allies in
1919.
With a population that is half
Greek and with a considerable
European and American colony,
Smyrna exports great quantities of
figs, tobacco, carpets, raisins and
silk, has been visited by as many
as 7000 ships in a i ea.r, and has two
railroads to the interior. It was
the chief prize for which Turks and
Greeks have fought during the last
three years, and the Turks may
excuse their massacre of Christians
by recalling the slaughter of 2000
to 4000 of their people when the
Greeks landed in 1919. The port
owes its prosperity to Greeks, Ar
menians and other Christian in
habitants, and is liable to suffer
decadence without them, for the
Turk has no capacity for business.
vulsion to judge whether it started
civilization in permanent decay.
Older civilizations have been a long
time dying. The democracy, an
and colonizing energy of Greece,
the, glory that was Rome, did not
die by a single war or in a single
generation.. It is less than five
centuries since the renaissance
marked the dawn of modern civilization.-
Though stained with fresh
blood, its late achievements inspire
confidence that it will rise to
greater heights.
have crushed .the allies. if the ' for the manufacture of which it
worst had been published about j produced power. The effect, so
sinking of ships by submarines, alj . far as the steel Industry Is con
the allied nations would probably cerned, was well described in an ln
have fought harder and practiced 1 terview with . several newspaper
more self-denial, but censors, or J men by Eugene G. Grace, president
A PIAIN CASE.
The suggestion is occasionally
seen in the up-state press that once
authority is granted Portland to
bond itself for an exposition and
Portland takes that step, the state
will be invited to participate by
erecting a building and providing
exhibits representative of the whole
state. State participation would
cost money, and this forecast of
what will happen is presented as
though it were a darkly concealed
purpose.
Nothing could be plainer tnan
the fact that without state repre
sentation the exposition would be
a failure. Other states will of
course be Invited to erect buildings
and install exhibits. But it would
be a temerarious exposition board
that would invite other states to
take part when their own state had ,
not been invited or had failed to
accept an invitation.
Nor can we imagine the up-state
counties casting approving eyes on
an exposition in Portland wherein
Washington, Idaho, California and
other states were represented and
Oregon was not. Such a situation
would in fact be an injury to Ore
gon. There has been no effort to con
ceal the obvious and there will be
none. Either there will be partici
pation by Oregon as a state or
there will be no exposition. It is
a matter for Oregon as a state to
decide.
those whom they serve, assume
that their people are cowards and
quitters and cannot be trusted with
bad news.
We had experience with the per
nicious activity of censors or their j ers refuse to accept any readjustment.
of the Bethlehem Steel company,
In these words:
Living costs have fallen 60 per cent
since 1920. Men in other lines of indus
try have accepted wage cuts; it Is only
fair that they should. Ana yet tne mm
counterpart, official publicity
agents, in the United States. These
partners In official mendacity or
truth-suppression concealed the
unpreparedness and bungling of
our officials behind a smokecloud
of braggadocio about their achieve
ments, which prevented . a well
merited outburst of indignation un
til long after it was due. These
methods were useless for their in
tended purpose concealment of
facts from the enemy for it fre
quently happened that facts about
war activities were concealed from
the American people only.
ANOTHER WONDER OF SCIENCE.
The reported discovery of a
method of making a non-intoocicat-ing
alcohol from petroleum fumes
may have larger possibilities than
superficially appear. ' The state
ment that the new product is "use
ful for all purposes for which ethyl
or grain alcohol and methyl or
wood alcohol are employed" may
well be accepted with reserve until
it has been verified by a long se
ries of experiments, but it is some
thing to be assured that it can be
used as a preservative and as a,
fuel and to keep automobile radi
ators from freezing. If we are able
to procure a commodity as useful
as alcohol for these purposes with
out the restrictions made necessary
by the eighteenth amendment and
the Volstead act we shall be rid of
a phase of prohibition that has
caused much friction. The new al
cohol, which is called isoprophyl,
will be worth having been discov
ered if it does nothing more.
A much larger field lies before
It, however, if it shall be deter
mined that Isoprophyl is in fact,
as is claimed for It, a perfect sub-
THE SECOND WHEAT PORT.
Portland's rise to second place
among wheat-shipping ports of the
United States is the logical result of
its position as the natural outlet
for export of products of the Co
lumbia river basin and of the in
crease of grain production in that
region. For many years the flow
of traffic down the natural chan
nel to this port was obstructed by
the artificial parity of railroad
rates with those to the sound ports.
That obstacle having been removed
by the differential to which this
port's position entitles it, the bulk
of the traffic comes this way.
While Galveston has been rising
to first and Portland to second
place, the great ports of the Atlan
tic coast have fallen to inferior
rank, and wheat now constitutes a
negligible part of their commerce.
That is a consequence of develop
menfof the prairie state grain belt,
from most of which the shortest,
most direct route to the sea leads
to the gulf, and of the Columbia
basin, which pours a steadily in
creasing stream of wheat into Port
land. Portland's primacy among Pa
cific wheat ports establishes its su
periority for handling all exports
and imports of this region, there
fore its claim to the best shipping
service to all parts of the world is
well founded. The field of its for
eign trade is extending into Mon
tana, for business draws more
business, the presence of ample fa
cilities to handle it being an attrac
tion. Having in grain and lumber
a broad basis for cargo, this port
cannot be snuffed out by discrimi
nation. If denied the use of Amer
ican ships, it would draw foreign
ships with the magnet of its large
tonnage.
THE WRONG WAY TO VINDICATION.
Because the officials of William
son county. 111., did nothing to
bring the perpetrators of the Ker-
rin massacre to. justice and be
cause Governor Small did nothing
to stir them to action, private citi
zens of the state, but outside of
that county, subscribed a moderate
stitute for grain alcohol in other sum to defray the expense. Before
GORKY DESPAIRS OF EUROPE.
for Europe. He pays tribute to its
"prodigious brain, which has con
ceived the great creative ideas of
humanism and of socialism and has
endowed the world with an admi
rable technical equipment," but he
sees in Europe an "extremely nu
merous class of -men for whom
nothing remains sacred, nothing is
uplifting, and whose servile labor
and humiliations and hunger -the
natural result of the obsolescent
and detestable class system of Eu
rope dull and destroy their
minds." He makes this dark
prophecy:
All this drives me to the belief that,
as formerly in the days of Rome, the end
of Europe will result from the pressure
of foreign races and the detonation of
the explosives accumulated within her
frontiers by rapacity and envy and ill
will and vengefulness.
True, Europe has experienced a
reaction from the devotion and
heroism that were displayed at the
Marne, Verdun, Ypres, the Somme
and in many other battles, but the
spirit there displayed still lives
among the people. There have
been other crises when the civili
zation of Europe seemed doomed
when the continent was torn by re
ligious wars in the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries, when all
Germany was laid waste by the
thirty years' war, when all the
nations were set at each other's
throats by Frederick the Great and
Napoleon. But after each of those
outbursts of destructive passion
there were new advances In things
spiritual and intellectual as well as
material.
In his woe over the aftermath of
the war Gorky forgets what it
gained for Europe. It ended the
three cruel, faithless, grasping
despotisms of Germany, Austria
and Russia and with them military
monarchism. It set free and united
nations that had been subject and
divided. It caused prodigious
progress in the arts of aviation and
raSio communication. It - forced
the nations to combine in the in
terest of peace. Through the agony
of Russia, it exposed the fallacy
that progress lies along the road
to socialism. Perhaps Gorky's de
spair is due to the decided revul
sion from that delusion that is
apparent in both old and new
worlds, for he calls it a "great cre
ative idea," though it cultivates the
class system that he abhors But
we must not judge harshly one who
has been through the horrors of
bolshevist Russia.
We are too near the war's con-!
respects. It is unfortunate from
the administrative point of view
that no substance is known that in
all circumstances serves the pur
pose of ethyl alcohol a3 a solvent
and preservative of certain medica
ments. The problem of legalizing
the manufacture of alcohol for
these legitimate purposes without
opening the door to its fraudulent
employment is one that has given
law enforcement officers a good
deal of concern. Nothing in all
probability would do more to pro
mote harmony among the interests
which assent to -the principle of
prohibition but which are exces
sively harassed by restrictions on
the use of non-beverage alcohol
than would discovery of a vehicle
such as isoprophyl is claimed by
enthusiasts to be.
A true and yet a jagless alcohol
may prove to be the century's tri
umph of science in the service of
man. It would remove at a stroke
a number of the most vexatious
aspects of law enforcement and
would make it possible to put the
manufacture of intoxicants un
der an all-inclusive ban. Is it too ;
much to hope that its manufacture
out of hydrocarbon fumes which
have heretofore been a dead waste
would at the same time permit a
reduction in the price of gasoline?
FOIXY OF THE CENSORS.
Of all the restrictions on free
dom that are practiced in war, the
one most senselessly administered
and most perverted from any leg
itimate purpose is the press cen
sorship. The censorship on news
of the Turkish victory over Greece
is an example of suppression of un
welcome truth by the allies in the
hope that its effects might be de
stroyed by later news of an oppo
site trend. As the allied forces in
Constantinople are weak, there
may have been some cause for
withholding the truth f rom . the
Moslem population of that city lest
there be an outbreak of violent
fanaticism, but no good end was
served by keeping it from the out
side world.
On numerous occasions during
the world war the censors injured
the cause of the allies by suppress
ing bad news in fear of its effect
on morale. This was proved by
the fact that news of disaster
caused the people to brace them
selves for a new and greater ef
fort. For. example, the collapse
of Russia in 1915 aided powerfully
in reconciling the British people
to conscription in the following
spring, and the news of the Ger
man assault on Verdun and of the
heroic resistance of the French
nerved the entire French nation
for new sacrifice. Secrecy was
used to conceal the blunders ol
governments .and generals and to
gain for them opportunity for fresh
blunders. This was notably the
case with the diplomacy by which
Bulgaria was driven into the ranks
of the enemy. Serbia overrun and
Greece alienated from the allies,
and with regard to shameful mis
management of the Mesopotamia
campaign. Tne censors did not
protect allied interests; they only
shielded the guilty.
Publication of adverse facts in
defiance of the censors on some oc
casions did great service to the al
lies. This was notably the case
with regard to the British shell
shortage. Publicity drove the Brit
ish government to re-organize and
to enlist the entire industry of the
nation in munition production, but
for which Germany would soon
it was known who would be in
dicted Ar C. Lewis was retained for
the defense and before he could
know who his clients would be he
set to work to create prejudice in
their favor by publishing a state
ment that, In order to create preju
dice against them, "the organized
wealth of the nation has been con
ducting a very extensive and ex
pensive campaign" and has been
spending "fabulous sums" with the
intention to seek victims.
It is quite proper that the in
dicted persons should have good
counsel, to defend them, but who
is so interested as to retain a law
yer for that purpose before thelf
identity was known? Who can
have been so interested in prevent
ing the indictment and conviction
of the guilty that he sought to cul
tivate the impression that, whoever
they might be, they would be inno
cent victims? Any man or body
at men who desired that the law
be vindicated would have at least
waited until indictments were
found before employing counsel,
and a lawyer with a right concep
tion of his duty to aid the cause
of justice would not have taken for
granted that any person who might
be indicted would be a victim of
those who sought vengeance, not
justice; he would have awaited evi
dence of such a purpose before
speaking as Mr. Lewis has spoken?.
The fact is notorious that about
twenty murders were committed.
No move to discover the murderers
was made till private citizens
raised funds a proceeding some
what akin to the action of the vigi
lance committees that sternly sup
pressed crime in the west during
pioneer days. Common report in
the vicinity attributed the murders
to striking miners. The most ef
fective way to clear them of this
suspicion would have been for the
officers of the union to aid in dis
covery and prosecution of the ac
tual murderers. The employment
and language of Mr. Lewis do not
contribute to this end, whoever his
employers may be. The good name
of the miners' union is at stake. It
cannot be cleared by retaliating for
the suspicion cast upon it by mak
ing a countercharge against those
who move to bring the murderers
to justice. More positive action is
needed.
I'd like to ask you boys why the steel
Industry has prospered since the war.
Here's the answer: Because we cut costs
to the bone. And as we cut costs we cut
prices. And as we cut prices business
boomed.
Now what is going to happen? When
coal goes up steel must go up. It In
creases our costs. Simple. Isn't it? And
when steel goes up our orders will go
down. And the teel business will suffer.
Will the steel business be con
tent to suffer? Will It not seek
some other way out? Steel manu
facturers who have established
their plants where they must de
pend on coal for fuel and have noJ
waterpower available may turn to
fuel oil, . but the general range of
price for oil has been rising, and
it must bear freight charges. Other
men may see in the high cost of
production imposed on steel men
by the high price of coal an oppor
tunity to engage in the same busi
ness by use of hydro-electric power
in the west, where the rivers do
not go on strike and where few men
are needed to keep generators run
ning and "juice" flowing to the
consumer. Though there is little
iron ore on the Pacific coast, de
velopment of the vast iron re
sources of China might enable
manufacturers in the west to im
port ore or -pig iron from China
and to make steel at prices with
which eastern manufacturers could
not compete in this market. Not
only the high price, but the uncer
tain supply of coal, due to strikes
and car shortage, is a handicap to
the eastern manufacturer.
What is true of steel applies also
to other industries. Woolen mills
consume coal to produce power,
and" the price and uncertain supply
of that fuel for eastern mills may
incline new investors in the woolen
industry to come to Oregon, where
a number of mills already are
flourishing, and where they would
have unfailing electric power, pure
water and moist air, which is highly
favorable to production of woolen
goods. The present time is' pecu
liarly propitious for location of in
dustries on this coast. The govern
ment is granting permits and is
ready to grant leases on powersites,
capital is cheap and abundant, and
many plants already are under con
struction.
As a reason for high wages, the
six-hour day and the five-day week
coal miners cite the excess in ca
pacity of all the coal mines over
the demand. Miners are employed
only about two-thirds of the pos
sible working days, and it is con
tended that high wages are neces
sary to a living wage in face of
this lost time. But industry can
not pay the extra cost of keeping
in two-thirds operation more mines
than are necessary to supply fuel,
and of paying for full time all the
miners who work only two-thirds
of the time. The policy of the min
ers tends to reduce the demand for
coal, so that there will be less work
for miners. In order to give all
the miners full time wages it would
then be necessary to raise the
wages for the days that they ac
tually worked, to raise the price
of coal in proportion and to drive
more consumers to use oil or elec
tricity as substitutes. That process
gradually might transfer the cen
ter of industry from the coal re
gion of the east and middle west
to the waterpower region of the
Pacific coast. The miners' policv
tends to put more of them out of
a 1oh the longer they cling to it.-
A copper still lined with silver,
an elaborate affair, was captured
here the . other day. The owners
purposed making a product worth
while, but were stopped before the
first run. Such enterprise should
go into legitimate lines.
The president of the state feder
ation of labor of Arizona has been
indicted for having bombs In his
possession while traveling on a
train. He no doubt is innocent of
evil intent, but shows lack of good
sense. '
WATER POWER AS COAL'S COM
PETITOR. Though the coal production of
the Pacific coast is unimportant,
the effects of ,the coal strike have
an interest for the people of this
section, for coal is used chiefly to
produce power, this region is rich
est in another source of power
falling water and any cause af
fecting the cost or the continuous
supply of coal will affect the de
mand for water power.
The settlement of the bituminous
coal strike reached at Cleveland is
hailed as a victory for the miners
by their president, for it continued
the scale of wages that ruled be
fore, the strike and it left the way
open for renewal of that scale by
providing for. another conference
before April 1, 1923, to make a
contract for the next year. The
wages thus established are war
wages, having suffered none of the
post-war deflation that has fallen
on other Industries, especially
farmers. As labor and transporta
tion are the principal elements in
the price of coal, war wages for
miners and railroad men would
maintain its cost out of proportion
to the prices of other commodities,
It appears, according to her
statement, that a minister, who
also is her stepfather, is father of
the child born to a 10-year-old girl
in Ohio some weeks ago. Probably
he will say he is sorry.
PETITION METHOD TOO LOOSE.
Official Depositaries Where Bills
Mar Be Signed Are Advocated.
M'MINNVILLE, Or., Sept. 14. (To
the Editor.) The number of loosely
circulated initiative petitions makes
one wonder sometimes whether or
not the initiative is really a demo
cratic and desirable device to retain
in our government. But, we do need
to pass laws occasionally which our
lawmakers fail to pass for us, and
this we can-do by means of the ini
tiative; and petition signing seems
to be the best means for starting
the movement and testing Its popu
larity. Loose methods of exercising
this privilege, however, are as un
wholesome when followed by the
individual voters themselves as
when followed by the "politician."
Fossibly worse, for loose methods
of exercising a governmental privi
lege are bound to lead to loose
standards of public morality. If the
high ideals in our democracy are
contaminated at the source, that is,
in the voters themselves, where can
we look for improvement in govern
ment? Our papers are full of Instances
of irregularities in regard to the
methods used in procuring signa
tures on the initiative petitions. If
the initiative is worth while, is it
not worth the trouble of attending
to in a proper manner? If a peti
tion is worth signing at all, is it
not worth a little trouble to the
voter? Present methods do not pro
duce the signatures of the proper
voters, - for by the use or ruses
many people who seldom vote are
induced to sign. A person who,
thinking merely that he may lowe
his gas bill thereby signs withou
perusing the petition, is not worthy
of the privilege of signing. Yet as
long as we allow petitions to be cir
culated among the crowds, irregu
larities are bound to result, for they
cannot be properly supervised.
No notary or public officer, or
even a street gadder, can be per
sonally acquainted with all the vot
ers who not only may desire to sign
but who have the positive right to
sign the petition he holds. He
should not be held accountable for
the verity of the signatures if he
uses the proper precautions in ob
taining them under oath.
But, the exercise of these pre
cautions needs to be supervised to
see that the petition officers act
uniformly, and to see that the sign
ers have an opportunity . to read
carefully the petition they sign
without the distractions of street
traffic. These precautions are
possible unless the petitions are
kept In some advertised central
places, preferably indoors, where a
notary or some public officer may
ask the proper identification ques
tions and record the answers. Op
portunity might even be given for
the attendance of an opposition
representative at each such place,
it tne opposition were organized
Voters who are interested will go
to these places, either voluntarily
or at the suggestion of a "runner.'
The probability of unqualified per
sons sighing is reduced to a mini
mum. The voter who is not that
much interested has no right in the
name of democracy to sign a peti
tion.
Of course, some little demagogues
will complain that by such a meth
od the people never would get any
measures initiated, but what they
really mean is that their own poi
sonous fangs would be drawn. It is
true that people are not interested
in the detailed technicalities of gov
ornment which the demagogue
piays upon, nut never yet have real
voters failed to respond when s
large issue has come before them
Every voter is interested In his gov
ernment, but he is sick of dirty
sheets of paper being shoved into
his face in the market places when
he has no assurance that signing
mem wiu De or any governmental
Importance. He feels that his privi
lege has been cheapened. We want
to retain the initiative and Its net!
tion, but let's stop every Tom. Dick
and Harry from worrying us into
disgust. Let's put the petition
where its worth wiil be protected
for the use of honorable petitioners.
Furthermore, protecting the priv
ilege of signing is the more demo
cratic way. For, if we knew that
each sheet of the petition were in a
safe, convenient place, and if we
Knew tnat It was in charge of an
officer who would ask the proper
information from and give the
proper warnings to the sisrnerR. wa
couia sareiy lower the required
number of signatures. Lowering
the required number of signatures
makes the initiative more easiiv
usea, more accessible, and there-
iore, more democratic.
R. C. SPENCER,
Political and Social Sciences, Lin
field College.
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales of Folks at the Hotels.
Latest exchange rates quote one
American dollar as worth seven
million Russian rubles. The bol
sheviks set out to abolish capital
and it looks as if they had just
about done it in Russia.
That's right. Beavers; lay Into
them! You can pfay ball to attain a
worthy end. Put the Seals on the
bum, and the grounds vftll not
hold the crowd to see you keep it
up Sunday.
A world series between the Gi
ants and the Browns will have a
greater , thrill than between local
clubs, not to mention the idea of
St. Louis going mad.
Rev. Neal Dodd, Hollywood pas
tor, puts up a good story for the
movie colony, and he is not a man
to overlook the worst side of life
if such is visible.
'.'Say, are we downhearted?" asks
the Astoria Budget, with a million
dollar municipal fire loss on its
hands, and its clarion answer is:
"No!" . "
Hope at the Argonaut mine again
Is deferred. It may be Tuesday.
before a rescue. There are some
who believe the men are alive.
Texas women have formed "an
invisible empire," and Texas men
must reform their habits and
morals.
The freak hobo limit is reached
In the arrival in Oregon of a couple
from the Atlantic on roller skates.
A town in Westphalia, Germany,
is invaded nightly by a flock of
300,000 storks. "Dot's goot!"
- Doc Linville says Dave Lightner
"errs." Now, will Dave use such
gentle language In rebuttal?
Fall activities at Smyrna are not
great. Only a thousand Christians
were murdered by tie Turks,
LABORER'S RIGHT TO WORK
He May Qalt, Too, But Another May
Take His Place."
Weston Leader.
One's sympathy is quite naturally
extended to the workingman. His
indispensable place in the social
scheme is realized, as is also the
fact that his few dollars are often
earned by hard and cheerless toil.
But in times like these the ques
tion arises as to whether one's sym
pathy should be confined to the
union workingman. More often than
not the nonunion worker, although
stigmatized by the term of "scab,"
is a useful and industrious Amer
ican citizen and as such entitled to
respect and consideration.
The union craftsmen have chosen
not to work in the railroad shops at
the wages and under the conditions
prescribed by the government labor
board. Such is their indubitable
right. It is their privilege to quit
work if they want to, and no man
should say them nay. But does it
follow that; the "scab," if you please,
has no right to work at the job the
striker has vacated? Is he to be
oppressed and humiliated and intim
idated struck down and beaten In
lonely places without protection
from the society he Is striving to
serve by keeping open the arteries
of the nation's commerce?
The answer is obvious, and is em
braced in the injunction obtained
by the attorney-general. The union
man may work or not, he may hold
lawful meetings if he chooses, but
he may not interfere with the non
union worker in the performance of
his essential task. The country's
needs and welfare are paramount
to the interests of the striking
shopmen and of the big rail broth
erhoods. Their constitutional rights
will be respected, but they must re
spect the constitutional rights of
otaers.
Around the world in 15 months,
George C. Walker of Melbourne,
Australia, arrived at the Multnomah
yesterday. He left the hotel a year
ago jn July and since then has been
in Japan, China, the Phillippines.
Australia, New Zealand. Java, the
Straits,, around to South Africa,
Europe, the British Isles, across Can
ada and British Columbia. The main
trouble about traveling, he explains,
is the packing and unpacking. Mr.
Walker reports that conditions in
Java are bad. Business is at low
ebb. The sugar crop, while good
enough. Is unsatisfactory for .the
price is low and the cost of pro
duction is high. In the old days the
Javanese planters knew how to keep
down the costs, but the overhead is
now so heavy that the sugar Is far
from profitable. In South Africa,
however, business is booming and
everything is humming along.
Europe is filed with people who
lived in America and returned there
to live on the interest of their se
curities. The securities have so de
preciated that the former retired
capitalists have been forced to go
to work. In England there is so
much money that big companies are
being floated and old companies are
Increasing their capital. There is so
much money In England that the
banks are offering a very low rate
of Interest and many banks do not
care whether new deposits come In.
There is a growing sentiment in
England that the best way to do is
to cancel war obligations. France
and Italy owe Great Britain millions
of pounds and Great Britain is in
clined to wipe the slate and start
afresh if the United States will fall
in with the idea. Mr. Walker de
clares that Uncle Sam has the whip
hand in this situation and England
Is wondering what the United States
will do in the premises.
"Sheep are coming up, but the cat
tle business is rotten." asserts Wil
liam Pollman of Baker. "I sold
some yearling wool ewes recently
for $10 and some 6-year-old ewes,
with coarse wool, for $7. And lambs
are bringing 10 cents. But the cow
man is up against it. At the prices
cattle bring, the producer cannot get
the cost of production. I don't know
what the cowmen are going to do,
but they will hang on as long as
they can, for people want to eat,
beef. Then the farmers, too, are not
getting for their wheat and barley
what it costs to grow the grain,
so ,they are not cheerful. It takes
three farmers to get as much money
as the average man on the railroad,
and yet the city fellows are asking
for more money. I suggest that
farmers send their children into the
cities to work at the high wages
while dad and mother remain on the
farm, producing only as much as
they can, and letting the rest of the
farm go to pasture. Sounds like a
farmers' strike? Yep, why not?
A few miles north of Redmond
there was, in a geologic age. a lake
of fresh water. In those days the
Deschutes canyon hadn't been cre
ated ndr had the various volcanic
cones of that region made their ap
pearance and squirted out lava and
ash. In time the bed of the lake
became deeply covered with diatoms
and in the process of nature, when
the lake evaporated, the diatoms
formed a thick deposit. This Is now
known as diatomaceous earth. The
siliceous remains were, before diat
oms were understood, called infuso
rial earth. Because this deposit is
aluable the townslte Is now knowi.
on the railroad maps as Terrebonne
and the principal export of Terre-
oonne is the diatomaceous material
Mrs. W. F. Galbraith of Terrebonne
is registered at the Imperial.
'China pheasants are plentiful in
our section. observed Dr. E. H.
Smith of Hillsboro, "but there are
more pheasants in the residence dis
trict of the east side than there are
in all of Washington county. Of
course, the game birds on the east
side are protected by law while
those in the country are not, but If
the time ever comes when an open
season is declared on the city-bred
Chinas, there will be more sport
than can be fouad in the country
fields." Dr. Smith, as a boy, lived
in South Portland and Is as familiar
with Marquam Gulch and Robinson
hill and the old sawdust pile at the
foot of Lincoln street where the boys
used to try to be gymnasts, as any
one else.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Hoatagas,
THE DESTROYER.
Now doth the busy little moth
Within the closet lurk.
Nor give himself to Idle sloth
But spends his days at work.
And when our bran new evening
suit
Is taken out next fall
It won't be worth a single hoot
And can't be worn at all.
No poets sing this insect's praise.
Though busier is he
Throughout the balmy summer days
Than any busy bee.
No hour of respite does he seek.
No moment of repose.
A mite he Is. but In a week
He eats a suit of clothes.
Try as I will I always fall
To understand nright
How one so fragile and so frail
Has such an appetite.
I cannot guess how he contrives
So fast his jaws to ply.
Or how the creature ever thrives
On meals of wool and dye.
Tet undismayed by camphor balls
Each passing summer through
Among my winter clothes he crawls
And eats a suit or two.
And though no poet up to date
Has ever spoke him fair,
I think It's only right to state
That I think he's a bear!
-
Too Late Now.
There seems to be a general Im
pression in Germany that losing the
war was quite a mistake.
Lucky.
Russia never need worry about
a coal famine. She can always burn
roubles.
What Conld He Sayf
We should like to know what
General Sherman would have said
about peace.
Copyright. 1922. by Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright. Honghton-Mlfflla Co.
Meaning of Words.
ILWACO, Wash., Sept. 14. (To
the Editor.) Kindly state correct
usage of the word "previewed." Is
it identical with "reviewed"? A sen
tence recently read in part "until
he previewed the film." Do a board
of censors preview or review a
film? Also is the word "tonsilar"
correct In referring to an opera
tion for removal of tonsils? Some
papers use the word; others do not.
INTERESTED.
"Preview", is to view before
hand, as when a group of persons
Is specially invited to view a film
before It Is exhibited to the public
"Review" is a better word for the
critical inspection made by censors.
"Tonsilar" is an adjective meaning
ot or pertaining to the tonsils.
Mr. and Mrs. F. J. Hutchinson of
Marmot, Or, are at the Imperial.
Marmot is on one of the roads to
Mount Hood, leading out of Sandy.
There was a strong demand that
the Mount Hood loop be located via
Marmot, but this was unsuccessful.
During the summer rains, wnen tne
new grade on the loop between
Sandy and Brightwood was almost
impassable, the traffic took the Mar
mot route, which Is a succession of
up and down, curves. When the
loop is surfaced little traffic will
use the Marmot road. The con
tractor having the Sondy-Cherry-
vllle section of the loop for surfac
ing has practically quit and the
highway commission is looking
around to see what can be done
about pushing the work.
Bartlett pears are selling for four-
bits a bos in his section, says J. F.
Fairfowl. registered from Dee, Or.,
at the Hotel Oregon. Deee Is in the
Hood river country and is on high
ground. Mr. ialrrowi says that be
cause of the elevation, apples from
his orchard keep hard until the fol
lowing June. The pear situation Is
bad, but the pears are not. Even at
50 cents a box the producers are
glad to get rid of their Bartletts,
although this price does not pay the
cost of spraying and picking the
fruit. The trouble is with the rail
road conditions, the growers being
unable to get cars, presumably on
account of the strike.
After the recent rains of a few
days, summer has staged a return
engagement at the beaches. E. N.
Hurd, mayor of Seaside, Or., who is
willing to be a dark horse for
peaker of the house in the 1923 ses
sion, was In Portland yesterday and
reports that there is a large popu
lation of visitors still remaining at
Seaside to enjoy . the beautiful
weather.
When R. J- Rankin left Astoria
recently for a trip to California, the
Hammond sawmill, of which he Is
manager, was turning out lumber in
great quantities and everything
looked serene. Mr. Rankin returns
to Astoria to f'nd the mill reduced
to ashes and scrapiron.
L. L. Paget, a Seaside banker, was
in Portland yesterday and so wag
J. E. Oates, also of Seaside. Mr.
Oates probably makes as much or
mo-re money than the bank because
he has the natatorlum. which does a
land-office business.
A. J. Ousley, furniture dealer and
undertaker of Lakeview, Is In Port
land, accompanied by Mrs. Ousley.
W. A. Barrett, Albany business
man, is among the arrivals at the
Hotel Portland.
Can Yon Answer These Questions?
1. Do birds die with eyes open
or shut?
2. How much white pine seed
should I buy to plant an acre of
ground?
3. For past two seasons my to
matoes have been damaged by nests
of destructive ants that chew at the
stem at Its lowest part and weaken
it. What can I do?
Answers In tomorrow's nature
notes.
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. What Is the best honey pjant?
froDabiy tne western irrigation
grown alfalfa, though clover used
to rank first. Honey made from
alfalfa nectar Is thick and rich In
flavor, recalling clover honey, but
slightly aromatic in taste.
2. What sort of creature is the
sea-anemone?
It is a polyp of the genus Actinia,
a creature somewhat suggesting
coral, but soft-bodied, with no power
to secrete a bony skeleton. The
"petals" are tentacles that reach out
and capture food that floats or
swims past, the outer ones passing
it along to Inner tentacles until It
reaches the stomach at the center.
When alarmed this animal draws in
its tentacles and looks shrunk into
ball.
S. We have a wren box In a
apple tree in our yard, and recently
I saw a small bird near It I thought
was a wren, but It sang more soft
and pleasing, like a canary, and this
morning there were two of them go
ing over the tree fluttering almost
like hummingbirds, Inspecting every
place a bud or blossom shows. They
go upside down, pecking as though
they were picking off bugs. About
color of wren, but dirty white un
derneath.
Probably a warbler, the flutter
ing flight being characteristic From
the date and situation, early May,
Iowa, We guess a Nashville warbler,
more vocal than most warblers. Male
has a whitish line running through
the eye.
In Other Days.
Fifty Tears Ago.
From The Oregonian September 18. 1872.
Paris. Rochefort Is reported dy
ing in exile.
Dublin. An Indignation meeting
is to be held in this cUy on the 22d
to protest against the course of the
British government toward the press
of Ireland.
Immense lace collars such as our
grandmothers wore are coming into
fashion again.
A reporter announces that the
"receipt of a large Invoice of black
berries created a perceptible ripple
n the toothpick trade."
Twenty-Five Years Ago.
From The Oregonian September 16. 1897.
Augusta. Augusta has quaran
tined against all yellow fever points,
and also against Atlanta.
In every large city there la cer
tain to be found some central point
where men congregate for pleasure,
business, or Interchange of Ideas.
Is Portland the Hotel Perkins Is
recognized as such a center.
In spite of all the recent rich
mining strikes, the best ore con
tinues to be Portland, Ore.
Morris and Olds, who are building
the bridge over Bull Run are get
ting along very well with their conr
tract, and If they meet with no un
foreseen mishaps, they will iiava it
finished in good time.
Address of Hospital.
ST. HELENS. Or.. Sept. 14. (To
the Editor.) Would it be possible to
secure from The Oregonian the ad
dress of the Catholic hospital in
San Diego, Cal.? READER.
Answer. Mercy
Diego, Cal,
hospital, San
Information on Sooth America.
TIMBER, Or., Sept. 14. (To the
Editor.) I am wishing to obtain
some Information as to South Amer
ica in connection with the cattle
business and also the living condi
tions there.
There are two of us and we have
had previous experience In this
business and are wanting to get
into that business In that country.
We are short of funds, so would
like to ship as ranch hands and
would be satisfied to start at a
small wage If we could get our
transportation there.
If you could give me any Infor
mation as to where I could get Into
connection with some ranchers there
It would be much appreciated.
E. O. VARNER.
Possibly the director-general Pan
American union, Washington, D. C,
could give you the desired Informa
tion. Or write to U. S. consul at
the chief city in the country to
which you wish to go.
Opening; of University.
PORTLAND. Sept. 15. (To the
Editor.) Kindly tell me what time
this month the University of Oregon
opens. A.N UlifiQOMA.N,
October X, ....
Bathing Suit
Divorces
Are the Latest
Judges called upon to decide
whether the dainty feminine
swimming; suits are made for
mere swimming: or likewise for
vamping: masculine bathers, ac
cording: to illustrated feature
article to appear in The Sunday
Oregonian.
All Episcopal
Convention News
Illustrated articles telling- of
the activities of the visiting
churchmen in tomorrow's
paper.
Samuel Gompers
Discusses Labor
Phase of present situation
related by labor head in an
other of his articles in the
Sunday paper.
IN THE MAGAZINE
Science Makes
the Dog Safe
Needle provides cure for hy
drophobia and dogs may run
unmuzzled.
Songs Sung .
in the Sixties
Old favorites of Civil war
days are among treasures in
library of congress.
Uncle Sam Curbs
the Wily Woman
Interesting little tales of do
ings of department of justice
officials.
Typewriter Champions
Made in Portland
This city annexes more than
half of national honors dur
ing year just passed.
Flivvers With
Sails Latest
One-man Fail boat hss ap
peared at French resort at
Trouville and now is the rage.
"Young Men" Is
Sketch Subject
Another of those pages by
W. E. Hill showing people
in intensely human attitudes.
Cinderella's Shoes
Were Too Tight
Expert says flat shoe, of
flapper is best one to develop
perfect arch.
Hunting Game
With a Camera
One needn't go to Rockies for
big game, particularly of the
human kind.
OTHER FEATURES
Clothes for the
Fall Wedding
September now popular wed
ding month, declares fashion
section, which gives latest
mode.
Portland Schools
Resume Activities
Various activities of schools
related in illustrated depart
ment in tomorrow's paper.
World Doings
in Cartoon
Page of cartoons by Darling
presents current happenings
pictorially.
Home Arrangement
and Construction
Old-fashioned house pos
sessed of all modern requi
sites proves delightful.
Pa Puts "Mar"
in Atarvel
Doings of Polly and her Pals,
the Gumps and other fun
makers in the comic section.
The Big News in
Sporting World
Doings of society, the world
of business and finance and
amusement news handled in
departments.
Coast Scenery
Is Superb
Lincoln county section of
coast highway will be re
markable for beauty.
0
Madame Richet
Solves Problems
Questions of matters of dress
and the mode are answered
by expert.
Features for All
the Ffimily
The Sunday Oregonian has
such a variety of depart
ments that it is the favcrite
of everyone from the wee
tots to the grownups.
All the new of an the world
found in
The Sunday Oregoniin
Just 5 Cents
K