8
THE AiOlillAii OliEUOhLAJS, bATUiiDAY, bEPTEiiBEii 9, IMS
ESTABUSITED BY II EN BY I PITTOCK
Published by The Oregonian Pub. Co.,
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SOAKING THE OTBLER FELLOW.
Neither the framers of the grad
uated Income tax measure nor the
trainers of the flat rate constitu
tional income tax seem to have
been actuated by a desire that the
burden of an income tax be levied
equitably. The graduated measure
seems designed to tax industry and
large business unbearably in order
to give greater relief to persons of
email income. The flat rate meas
ure seems to have been designed
to relieve disproportionately public,
service and other corporations hav
.Sng large physical properties and,
tiv makinsr exemptions low, have
-nrUiri( fnllc. f.lerks. and other
small earners pay what the cor-i
porations save
The flat rate measure proposes
to put into the constitution the re
quirement that a tax shall be levied
against "net" incomes. We are to
raise one-half the state taxes by
that process about $,500,000
yearly. The federal constitution
authorizes congress to tax incomes.
Nothing is said therein about "net"
Incomes. Congress has therefore
been able to define taxable incomes
with a fair degree of certainty.
We do not know who is to de
termine what a net income may be
whether the determining author
ity shall be the legislature, the
courts, or some administrative offi
cer or tax collector. The amend
ment is silent on that point. We
are reminded, however, that the
public service commission, in the
process of a rate inquiry, did not
agree with the telephone company
as to what the company's net in
come was, and that the city of
Portland instituted a rehearing in
which it did not agree with the
public service commission on the
6ame issue, and that subsequently
the people recalled two of the com
missioners because, in effect, the
commission had found that the
company's net income was less than
the people believed it was.
But the main point is that most
public service corporations are rick
in tangible property property thai
now cannot escape taxation. This
amendment proposes that present
taxes on tangible property be re
duced and that net incomes be
taxed in lieu thereof. Net Incomes
of such companies are in fact small.
If their own figures are accepted
without question they are in most
cases almost at the vanishing
point.
So we are asked to reduce the
taxes on that which they have and
tax that which they have not. The
need for bringing the workers, the
clerks and the other small wage
earners. Into the income tax net
is at once apparent.
Some time ago the state tax in
vestigating commission condemned
both proposed income tax meas
ures. Both go beyond the bounds
marked by the experience of other
states. Neither was conceived
with much thought for fairness or
its effect on economic life or busi
ness activity. An Income tax law
should comf from an unprejudiced
body that has made a study of the
laws of other states and a survey
of the capacity of the various ele-
ments of Oregon to pay such a
body, for example, as the state tax
investigating commission.
WHERE HAS WAR WEALTH CiOXE?
What has become of the great
Increase of wealth acquired by the
American people during the war?
Much of that which was gathered
in by the profiteer has been lost
in bankruptcy or in shrinkage in
value of the goods and other prop
erty in which it was invested. That
which went into liberty bonds and
other stable securities has grown
through the advance in price
of their investment. Those who
squandered their large earnings on
luxuries caused prices to rise, both
for themselves and their more fru
gal neighbors. According to Daily
Financial America, they got for a
dollar In 1920 only 40 cents' worth
of goods measured by the prices of
1913. Miners who sell liberty
bonds to live through the strike
sacrifice that which, measured in
purchasing power, has risen In
value from 40 cents in 1920 to 62
cents. But the dollar saved draws
25 to 50 per cent more interest
than it did in '1913, which com
pensates for the loss of purchasing
power.
From the new war wealth must
be deducted about twenty-four bil
lion dollars for which we mort
gaged the country to fight the war.
All of our gain will not be net gain
till we have paid off that mortgage.
Nearly a billion dollars a year must
be taken from our annual income
to pay interest alone. The return
on that investment must, come in
the 6hape of reduced expenditure
for national defense, of increased
security for .trade and investments
all over the world. The more com
plete the security against war, the
greater progress will be made in
developing new countries, in im
proving and cheapening methods
of production, in economical ex
change of the products of one
country for those of another. So
long as large parts of the world
are disturbed by the economic dis
order that follows the war, by .na
tional enmities and by. threats of
new war, we cannot realize fully
on Xhe investment we mads in
world peace by taking part in the
world war. Insecurity of peace
causes a heavy discount on what
we gained in war wealth and on
the immunity from attack that we
purchased with our war expendi
ture.
For the individual the only dol
lar really gained from war profits
or wages is the dollar saved, v or
the nation the only really success
ful war is that which helps to
eliminate the causes of war. By
those rules we should measure the
net increase of wealth for the indi
vidual or the nation.
ELECTION CRIME WAVE.
If there is any form of fraud not
yet charged or discovered in con
nection with this year's election of
officials and consideration of meas
ures, we should like to know what
it is.
The charges have been wide in
their variety and not all proved;
the actual frauds committed have
been numerous enough. Names
have been forged to petitions, at
tempts have been made to black
mail interests with cinch bills, pri
mary ballots have been fraudu
lently counted, and now apparent
robbery of a ballot box has been
discovered. Moral lapses have in
cluded Invasion of republican pri
maries by members of other par
ties, attempted use of direct legis
lation to eecure class advantages,
and misrepresentation of the pur- !
pose of measures In order to get
the signatures of unwary voters.
Ways of violating the election laws
are almost as many as ways of
violating the prohibition laws, and
the theory that the only offense in
breaking them Is In getting caught
seems also to be almost as preva
lent.
The loot of the ballot box, now
discovered, was of course for
definite purpose. One may specu
late all day as to the effect of the
disappearance of the ballots upon
the fortunes of this or that con
tender or upon one accused of
other elecUon frauds, but all will
remain speculative in the absence
of ,jefinite knowledge as to what
the ballots themselves would have
disclosed had they been subjected
to the recount With real motive
unknown, the culprit will be hard
to find, but there is one conclusion
to be made and that is that a ballot
box delivered in good order to the
county clerk cannot be looted there
after except through the conniv
ance or carelessness of somebody
in his office.
MODEST HEROES.
It is worth noting as a measure
of the estimate put on the services
of Americans in the world war by
other governments than their own
that more than twice as many for
eign decorations were bestowed on
American soldiers than were con
ferred by the United States. Awards
made by foreign military, naval
and auxiliary branches, ohrough
their governments, numberesi 17
787, while domestic testimonials, to
conspicuous service or heroism
were only 7109. In all the United
States military forces only eighty
men received the congressional
medal of honor, the equivalent of
the British Victoria Cross. Great
Britain conferred the distinguished
service cross on 5618 Americans
and the distinguished service medal
on 978.
Obviously our own government
was careful to determine in each
instance that the recipient of hon
ors was particularly entitled to
them. . We had no equivalent of
the German Iron cross, which was
cheapened during the war by the
extreme facility with which it could
be acquired. The larger number of
instances of recognition by our
allies, however, presents a differ
ent issue. It shows that the hero
ism of our men was understood and
appreciated abroad and that, at
least while the war was in prog
ress, their services were valued in
approximate proportion to their
worth.
We are not a nation of medal
wearers and it Is likely that most
of those foreign decorations will
repose in seclusion for all time.
But it will be interesting to recall
on the occasion of any future v re
union of world war veterans that
more than seventeen thousand of
them are entitled to exhibit tokens
of service that only their extreme
modesty moves them to conceal.
OXLI SHUTTING THE BURDEN.
One phase of public ownership of
public utilities that Is overlooked
by advocates of that policy is the
fact that it automatically relieves
from taxation vast amounts of
property. Bonds 'are issued by
cities and states to pay for the
property and under present law are
exempt from taxation, as is the
property itself when title is trans
ferred to the public. Of the mu
nicipal utilities those . to the value
of $11,000,000,000 are privately
owned, therefore taxable, and
$2,000,000,000 worth are owned by
the public and exempt, according
tothe "New York real estate board.
There are already $17,000,000,000
of exempt securities, which men of
large income find to be a welcome
refuge from high surtaxes. If the
public should issue bonds for pur
chase of all privately owned utili
ties, about $11,000,000,000 would
be added to this total.
Few of the municipally owned
utilities earn profit as a substitute
for the taxes thus lost. The real
estate board says that New York
loses $10,000,000 a year on its sub
ways and that this sum is added to
the tax levy. Though Seattle, ac
cording to judicial decision, must
pay for operation and maintenance
of street railways with their earn
ings, it loses the taxes that they
formerly paid. Taxes are an Item
in cost of operation, and are there
fore paid ultimately by those who
use privately owned utilities rid
ers on street cars, consumers of
gas and electricity but when utili
ties become public property the
taxes formerly levied on them are
loaded on other property or on the
public in other forms. If the gov
ernment should buy the railroads,
they and the bonds issued In pay
ment would become exempt from
state and local taxation.
The tax burden now borne by
this vast amount of property would
be shifted to that remaining in pri
vate hands or would be raised in
other ways. According to the
present tendency, states would
probably make good this lost reve
nue by imposing income taxes addi
tional to those now paid to the
government. If the incidence of
the state income tax should be the
same as that of the federal tax.
the burden would be ' distributed
among people of moderate as well
as those of large income, and their
number would run Into many mil
lions. In 1920 federal income tax
returns were made by 7,200,000
persons and, if all the states should
tax incomes, the aggregate number
would probably be larger, for those
states which have adopted this tax
have granted a smaller exemption
than the government gives.
In one form or another the serv
ice rendered by utilities must be
paid for. If the payment made
directly, either to a corporation or
a city or the federal government,
is not sufficient to pay the cost, the
deficit must be made good in
higher rates or In taxation. Under
public ownership this deficit would
be larger than under regulated
private ownership, for cost of oper
ation is higher and almost invari
ably there is a loss. That is the
experience of Canada, France, Ger
many and Italy, which make good
by taxation large- deficits on rail
roads. Under public ownership we j
pay the cost In one form or an-1
other, and the- cost is more than
under regulated private ownership.
THE GROAN OF THE IMPORTER.
To New Tork city the tariff is
a local issue, and any increase in
the tariff causes it to emit cries
of pain. It is a great industrial
center, but the power of its im
porting and shipping interests
drowns the voice of its manufac
turers. Those interests want a low
tariff, not that Americans may buy
foreign goods" cheap but that the
profits ranging up to hundreds per
cent which importers divide with
retailers may not be reduced and
that the flow of oversea traffic
may not be diminished. Hence
when New Tork newspapers pro
test against the high duties of the
new tariff, they speak for New
York, not for the United States.
The new tariff may be too high
Congress does not know, though it
has been debating for more than
a year. It has confessed that it
does not know by giving the presi
dent power to add or deduct 50
per cent from its rates in order to
fit the kaleidoscopic economic
changes. But New York Is posi
tive that, even with that proviso,
they are too high because they cut
its profits on importing and ship
ping.
Democratic campaign talk to the
ef f ect that the tariff will raise the
price of goods Is pretty well
squelched by the treasury depart
ment's exposure of the conscience
less profiteering on imported goods
that is practiced by merchants and
retailers. A tariff that would en
able American manufacturers to
sell goods at the price at which
like foreign goods are landed in
this country, duty paid, could not
possibly increase the retail price by
the amount of the duty. It would
force "importers to accept less profit
and, if American goods were sold
at a reasonable profit, would force
down the retail price of imported
oods.
The sctwsme that the democrats
worked with tinware against the
McKinley tariff in 1890 will not
work this year. Exposure of im
porters' profits has killed it.
THE FUTURE OF TRANSPORTATION.
Increase of the amount of car
loads handled and decrease in the
number of idle cars are cited by
railroad executives as proof that
the coal and railroad strikes have
not crippled operation. But these
facts prove far more. When the
traffic of the railroads in July so
nearly employed all of their equip
ment in spite of the shrinkage of
coal traffic consequent on the
strike and in face of the fact that
harvest had but begun in that
month. It follows that the capacity
of the railroads is unequal, to the
needs of the country when coal and
crops are moving In full volume
and when industry is in full oper
ation.
Plainly the railroads cannot in
their present state of efficiency
nanaie an tne country's domestic
traffic, even when relieved by in-
tercoastai ships and by trucks on
short hauls. Prevention of inter
ruption by strikes through the ac
tion of the railroad board is but
the first of a number of measures
necessary to expand our transpor
tation m pace with the growth of
the nation's business. That the
volume of traffic is bound to ex
pand can easily be foreseen. In
dustry still operates below capacity.
tnougn steadily approaching that
point. Export trade has materially
decreased since the post-war boom.
nut tne time cannot be distant
when it will grow, and import trade
with it. When economic recon
struction enables Europe to settle
down to work, the supply of that
continent's deferred needs and the
sale of its surplus products may
De expectea to swell enormouslv
the volume of traffic between the
seaboard and the interior. To this
increase of ' foreign trade our in
dustries must look for the supply
of certain imported raw materials
and for sale of products sufficient
to keep them in full operation. The
capacity of our transportation sys
tem is the limit of our possible in
dustrial and commercial expansion.
lne most sanguine railroad offi
cial will not pretend that the roads
are operated to their full efficiency,
and it Is generally agreed that they
are far below that point. The rail
road owners and the peoDl must
share responsibility for this fact.
The former took advantage of free
dom from public control to Deme-
trate grave abuses which angered
tne people. The people overdid
regulation to the point where the
roads were denied earnings suffi
cient to attract capital for their
continued expansion and improve
ment, and they were required to
compete, though the public was in
jured thereby. The transportation
act applies a corrective for these
errors by requiring rates sufficient
to pay a standard return on the
actual value of the property not
on watered stock and bonds, as
demagogues persistently assert in
defiance of the truth. Division be
tween the government and the
roads of earnings in excess of the
standard return affords the in
centive to economy and efficiency,
which are prerequisites to earning
the standard return, and to the
initiative that they imply. A gen
eral plan of consolidation into com
peting systems is to be adopted and
gradually worked out, with a view
to increased and better service. It
will devolve on the railroads to
make good under these conditions
by rendering' good service impar
tially to all individuals and com-
munities, and thus to Justlfy-the
security that the public has given
them,.
The ground is thus prepared for
those improvements and extensions
for which the people have long
waited. Tracks must be doubled,
terminals enlarged, lines extended,
branches built into undeveloped
territory. But doubt is entertained
whether the limit to which steam
power' can be used ' has been
reached, and opinion is ripening
that the railroads must gradually
resort to electricity in order to ex
pand their capacity without pro
hibitive investment. It has been
proved on some roads that elec
tricity has greater tractive power
than steam, Increases speed on
heavy grades, adds to the number
of cars that can be moved over
each mile of track in a given time
and greatly lowers cost of opera
tion. It eliminates cost of hauling
fuel, also cost of storing and hand
ling' coal and water, reduces the
terminal area needed in traffic
centers, where land is costly, and
releases large numbers of cars for
paying traffic, ueveiopment oi
hydro-electric power having fairly
started, it may go hand in hand
with electrification of railroads.
This would add to the capacity of
our transportation system without
adding to. the land area occupied
and with far less expenditure than
would be necessary to expand the
system of steam roads. It should
lead to reduction of the cost of
transportation in a country where
distance imposes a tax on the goods
sold and raises a barrier to some
markets.
A great addition to our trans
portation capacity can be made by
increased use of the sea and inland
waterways and by the co-ordination
of water lines with railroads.
A good beginning has been made
by carriage of much intercoastal
traffic by sea and by operation of
the government barge line on the
Mississippi, river, but it Is a bare
beginning as regards inland water
ways. Though the interstate com
merce laws contain many provi
sions for through routes and rates
over rail and water lines and for
the Independence of the latter, rail
roads continue to regard water
lines as their natural enemies and
to block efforts .to compel inter
change of traffic. The transporta
tion act of 1920 Instructs the secre
tary of war to do many things
"with the object of promoting, en
coureging and developing inland
waterway transportation facilities,"
and public opinion should exert
tpressure on him to' act in the mat
ter and on congress to- improve
waterways continuously on the cor
rect theory that no benefit accrues
from such improvements until they
are completed. Tug and barge
lines should replace old steamboats
on the waterways, and river ports
should have rail connection and
modern apparatus for handling
freight. Many rivers can be made
navigable for such craft by erec
tion of dams which also develop
hydro-electric power, to' be used
by railroads.
Water transportation can take
care of much of the future increase
of traffic at a far lower investmeni
for the country than would be
needed to expand the railroad sys
tems sufficiently to handle the
same increase. In order that it
may be fully used, railroad men
will have to change radically their
attitude toward water lines. Ex
perience has already begun their
education in this particular. They
realize that much of the transcon
tinental traffic has gone from them
to the intercoastal shipping lines,
but they have short hauls of this
traffic ranging up to several hun
dred miles to the seaport on one
coast and from the seaport on the
other. As waterways are improved.
interior railroads may be fully im
proved In hauling traffic to and
from river ports, and the growth
in the aggregate volume of traffic
instigated by cheap water trans
portation may more than compen
sate the railroads for the low-rate,
long-haul traffic that' they will
lose. As population grows denser,
conviction will grow stronger that
the attempt to expand our railroad
system to carry substantially all
traffic imposes too heavy a tax on
us and that only by full use of all
means, water as well as ail, can
we compete In foreign markets
with nations that hold deepened
rivers and canals of equal rank
with railroads.
The crime for which two young
men were given ten years and pa
roled and a third four years to
serve was the result of a moonshine
party. The one who goes to Salem
had a record of another offense,
about which he lied. Come to think
about it, lying doesn't pay. .
A few months ago the difficulty
was to find a candidate to run
against Poindexter. Now there are
several, but some have difficulty
in finding enough people who want
them to run. Cannot the mighty
Hearst .manage the malcontents
better than this?
We note nothing novel in the sug
gestion that all troubles could be
adjusted by adoption of the prin
ciples of the golden rule. The real
genius will be the man who can
discover a way to get people to
adopt it. .
It would be poor kindness to the
Price family for anybody to adopt
the babies. True kindness would
be to help the family to keep to
gether by adopting it as a unit
with a moral claim on the com
munity. Sam Moore says the state lime
plant at Gold Hill- now Is self-
sustaining. That is due to mis
sionary work of Mr. Moore and
others in inducing the use of lime
as fertilizer.
To show the difference between
trousers and breeches, a Michigan
judge sent a young woman to jail
for ten days for wearing the
former.
A man who married two women
within, five days Is in jail for it in
Vancouver. Steilacoom Is where
he belongs.
Bills of half a million
face value are to be issued.
marks
They
save cost of cartage in Germany.
There is prospect of a rise in the
price of milk. - Dairymen are talk
ing of reorganizing.
This is the day Portland pins
Vernonia on. the map.
WORKERS PAY FOR STRIKE.
Instrument Is Stupid, Says Advocate
pt Industrial Court
BAKER, Or., Sept. 7. (To the
Editor.) In almost 60 years of ef
fective life I have always been a
workingman; farming, fruit grow
ing, etc During this period I
have, at times, been an employer of
labor, from the single hired man
to as many as 50 hands at one time
I know the hardships of the work
ingman. I have been accustomed
to put in' 10 hours with my men
and then from two to four hours
more doing the chores.
I also know something of 1 the
strain upon the employer. I have
put in three consecutive, 12-hour
shifts, In the hardest job in the
factory, because one of my men
had failed me, and this post must
be filled.
I think my mind is unbiased upon!
industrial problems.
I am an ordained minister of the
gospel and have spent nearly 24
years as a pastor of churches.
I believe. In the last analysis,
that our American ideals are identi
cal with the "Lord's Prayer" and
the Golden Rule.
I have the habit of Judging all
things by the simple principles of
Americanism: Justice, equal rights,
brotherhood.
I have met with some strange in
consistencies. I have seen a bishop
of a' great church, at the head of a
strong inter-church committee, un
invited, go Into the lartreBt indus
trial concern in America and make
caustic criticisms on- that concern
in a public report .because of low
wages, stating that an American
standard of living demanded a min
imum wage for day laborers of $1500
a year. This may be true, but, at
the same time this reDOrt was made
the average salaries of the pastors
in nis own church, as well as others.
were less than one-half that sum,
and many were receiving less than
one-fourth of this so-called Ameri
can standard.
I have seen important church of
ficials receiving salaries of from
$3000 to $5000, which salaries were
made up; practically, by assessing
me pastors iu per cent of their sal
aries, fco, it is not uncommon for
the mah receiving $500 to pay $S0
of this pittance to make up the
ouuu for his more fortunate brother
minister.
isn t inconsistency a pretty mild
word? Has any union ever had
such a grievance as this? And yet
ine Dretnren seldom strike.
I have been attempting to supplj
our American ideals to the lahnr
prooiems now before us. I have no
personal bias in favor of or against
eitner tne laborers or the emtjlov
ers. I am simply one of the great
public and my income depends upon
tne regular and uninterrupted
transportation of commodities.
as much as we may abhor the
strike for special privilege, the thing
mat seems most amazing is the stu
pidity of it. It is the perfect exam
ple of "cutting off one's nose to
spite his face," for the strikers
themselves are the ones who lose
most, and working men of all
classes finally bear almost 11 the
burden, while those against whom
the strike is made generally escape.
Follow this inevitable sequence
this inexorable law of economics.
The present strike, so the experts
say, is costing the country about
20,000,000 a day, all told. It has al
ready cost the country in theneigh
borhood of a billion dollars. It
promises to cost very much more.
Who will pay, or lose (the same
thing), this enormous sum? Will
the railroads? By no means; not a
dollar.
If the government Is forced to
take over the roads then the gov
ernment will pay their expenses and
will guarantee them per cent in
terest on their capital. If the strike
Is settled by agreement, then the
interstate commerce commission will
fix traffic rates at such a figure as
will pay all expenses and 6 per cent
interest on their capital. And this
is only common justice. But, take
notice, the railroads are guaranteed
against loss.
Will the business of America bear
this loss? By no means. The first.
the most vital law of economics is
that business must be done at a
profit; else it ceases and dies. We.
call it bankruptcy.
For the past two or more years
business has been staggering under
burdens almost unbearable. It will
not. It . cannot bear this burden.
What then? What becomes of the
one, two or more billions or loss
Every dollar of it will reappear
in incerased taxes and the high cost
of living. And we will settle It that
way. Now, who pays the increased
cost of living? The working men
of America pay nine-tenths of it
(authority for this statement, Bab-
son's statistics).
O, working men, get this Inexor
able truth! You not only lose your
own wages in a strike, but you
cause many times "this loss to the
general public. You not only do not
punish the railroads by causing
them a loss, but you and your broth
ers will have the privilege of not
only paying the majority of rail
road losses, but of all other losses
in the country. Because of this I
say the strike Is not only unbroth
erly and un-American, but the stu
pidity of it is unfathomable.
Again I say, my sympatny is
strone-lv with working men. But
when I realize the Inevitable suffer
ing and loss of the working men
themselves from even a "successful
strike, . under present conditions, I
am inclined to ask is there not a
better way?
Isn't a court of justice better than
a vendetta even when courts are
liable to err? .
Has not the working man more to
gain from an industrial court than
anyone else? A court that not only
can give decisions of supposed jus
tice but is strong enough to force
all parties to respect its decisions.
Heaven hasten the advent of eueh
a court. FRED L. POST.
Says WatkJna Is Not a Democrat.
Eugene Guard (Dem.).
Eltoif Watklns, democratic nom
inee for congress in the Portland
district, must be wearing the wrong
brand. He replies to the so-called
"progressive" party quiz by an
nouncing himself in favor of all the
Isms advocated by the radicals and
renegades who are promoting that
organization. No man could be a
democrat and favor the legislation
that Watklns pledges himself to fa
vor. Portland voters would do well
to stick by "Pat" McArthur, the re
publican nominee, at least until
somebody of character and pos
sessed of some horse-senee is pitted
against him. Watkins must be a
queer bird to call himself a demo
crat. Aa Orgy of Blunders.
Boston Transcript.
Of the making of mixed meta
phors there Is no end. An oriental
editor recently received a letter con
taining the following gems: The
writer said that the country wants
a peace "where the lion of autocracy
will walk hand in hand with the
floodgates of autocracy." That "if
the-co-operators had hearts In their
stomachs they would put their
shoulders to the wheel,' and that
"what wewant to know in India
is to know where the shoe pinches
and that can only be done by never
wearing your shoes till you have
walked in them a day or two. It is
by such cautious measures that we
can avoid xallur
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales of Folks at tne Hotels.
On millions of dollars of currency
there appears In the lower left
hand corner a very neat signature.
It says "John Burke." and beneath
it the statement: "Treasurer of the
United States." Probably a century
hence thousands of these treasury
notes will be in circulation and no
one, in that generation, will know
who or what John Burke was. Mr.
Burke has been at the Multnomah
for several days, just looking
around the city and observing con
ditions. Before he became treasurer
of the United States during the Wil
son administration of eight years,
Mr. Burke was governor of North
Dakota and when Wilson was first
nominated Burke received a bunch
of complimentary votes at the demo
cratic national convention. It was
the strength he displayed in the
convention which paved the way for
his appointment as treasurer.
Looking as rugged as formerly,
before he had trouble with his
teeth, underwent a hospital experi
ence and a few other ills which
human flesh Is heir to, James S.
Stewart is in town and at the Per
kins. For many months this en
thusiastic booster for good roads'
who doesn t even own an automo
bile lost interest In highways and
diverted his energy to recovery of
his health. -When he crashed into
the Perkins lobby, with his walrus
moustache, his beetling hedge of
heavy eyebrows and his watermelon
smile, he looked as though he will
hit on all cylinders for a lone tlm
to come. It was his impaired health
which caused him, at the last min
ute, to withdraw as a candidate for
the state senate in the primaries,
ana ne was one of the few candl
dates who had a cinch on nomlna
tion and election.
E. P. Marshall, banker and one o
the best-known citizens of Pendle
ton, is among the arrivals at the
Benson. Like all the people from
mat town, he is boost ner the an
nual round-up and predicting that
it will be bigger and better than
ever. One reason why the round-up
io a, success ana wny everyone
Doosts ror it is that none of the
officials draw a nickel of pay and
they donate their services, time and
money in a spirit of civic pride,
Already Pendleton has had the
grand opening, which marks the
preliminary to the round-up, the
grand opening being the time when
ail good boosters wear the bitre-pst
cowboy hat they can find, put on a
noisy shirt and get ready to spend
their money free and handsome in
xiappy canyon.
mere mas been a shortage of
lambs in Lake county, because the
men aown there did not give the
same attention to lambing as is
being done in other sections," said
i-r. w. xi. ijytie, state veterinarian
wmie in Portland yesterday. "The
lamb crop in Lake is about 40 per
tent snort ana there has been
ltiSo Jn caives. Buyers are
coming in and are ready for busi
ness ana such sheeD as thev nnr,
chase will be shipped out of the
state." Br. Lytle attended the
round-up show at Lakeview last
week and says that it was one of
the best and fastest performances
in this line that he has had the
privilege or witnessing.
w. g. Hedin and other residents
oi me waplnltia section are look
ing forward to having a connection
witn tne Mount Hood. loop. The
present tortuous wagon road, which
is used from the mountain through
napinma piains to central Oregon,
is to be abandoned and the erovern-
menfr Is preparing to build about
seven miles, swinging out from the
loop. Wasco county is committed to
co-operation for the connection from
iuicoc icterve ana tne state is
expected to co-operate with the
county in time. When completed
the Wapinitia cut-off will greatly
ciionen tne aistance between Port
land and the Bend country.
Deep River, Wash., writes Will
lam xian alter his name 'at the
Perkins. Deep River is now auite
a community, but 35 years ago it was
a nowiing wuaerness, where a few
naray settlers located and began
reducing the forests on their
ranches Into cordwood. While the
women folk, after milking the cows,
cnurned butter, which was taken
across the Columbia river In little
steam launches, or fishing boats.
and traded for household goods or
ciotning. Bear roamed around Deep
River and the settler who didn't
knock over a few every season was
out of luck.
W. C. Christensen, wiho is liqu
dating the assets of the defunct
Nehalem Valley bank of Wheeler
and the Bay City bank at Bay City,
was a visitor in Portland yesterday.
He stated that rapid progress is
being made in clearing up the, af
fairs of the institutions, which
closed their doors almost a year
ago, and that the results are highly
satisfactory.
John L. Childs of Crescent City,
Cal., is at the Imperial. At Cres
cent City there were no tears shed
over the defeat of Governor Stevens
of California, for the governor ig
nored an invitation to visit Crescent
City in July and meet with Gov
ernor Olcott and the Oregon high
way commission.
W. H. Crocker, president' of the
Crocker National bank, of San Fran
cisco, one of the old financial in
stitutions of the Bay city, is at
the Multnomah. Mr. Crocker is a
delegate to the Episcopal conven
tion . and haBn't had time yet to
visit among the local bankers.
For several years C. W. Vale has
been going to the Hotel Portland
and registering from Carlton. Or.
Yesterday he wrote the address a
little different, putting down Camas,
Wash. Mr. Vale, who was in the
telephone business In the valley, has
bought the telephone company at
Camas. '
Colonel A. A. While, a Montana
millionaire. Is at the Multnomah and
is having the time of hia Ute. He
appears to be a sort of ChrlstmaB
tree and displays a willingness to
distribute money, which is unparal
leled, almost, in millionaire circles.
What is considered one of the
best and most complete motion pic
ture houses In Oregon outside of
Portland, is the one at Hood River.
A. S. Kolstad, manager of the cin
ema palace, arrived at the Benson
yesterday.
Max G. Pollts left yesterday to
attend the retailers' convention,
which will be held at Madison
Square Garden, New York, Septem
ber 11 to 15. While in the east
Mr. Politz will visit clothing man
ufacturers. L. L. Peetz, one of the commis
sioners of Sherman county and one
of the prosperous grain growers of
that section, -Is In the city wlthhis
son, registered at the Imperial.
B. F. Stone, president of the Port
of Astoria commlslqn, and R. D. Ptn
neo, port manager, are. registered at
the Multnomah.
William Donovan, of the Donovan
Lumber "company, of Aberdeen,
Wash., Is at the Benson.
Sam A Kozer, secretary of state,
is registered at the Imperial.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montaenae.
Mil. CITIZEN.
Beware of the wakened American's
wrath!
The Yankee, from Yuma to Bangor,
Is pleasant enough when he has a
clear path.
But ah. he is awful In anger.
Let Congress insist on opposing his
will.
When once on some law ha h
set It.
Or try to put through an unpopular
bill.
And sometimes he almost won't
let it!
He is gentle and kind when he gets
what he likes.
With living costs down, and high
wages.
But let him be troubled by lockouts
and strikes
And notice the way that he rages
When a strike gets to spreading all
over the land.
The parties are wise If they
drop it;
He will rise In his fury and take
the high hand.
And almost get ready to stop It!
When tariff bills threaten to lighten
the load
He carries about In his pocket.
It Is -quite a sensation to watch him
explode
And soar like a spluttering rocket.
When a bonus law adds to his ris
ing expense,
And he hasn't the money to
meet It,
Hie quick indignation Is hot and
Intense,
And almost attempts to defeat It.
He is quiet enough when you leave
him alone
He Is usually calm and contented,
But when he is thwarted you'll find
he is prone ,
To get, of a Budderr, demented.
Still and all. as we saw, back in
1918,
With a sense of profound satis
faction.
Though we can't always trust his
belligerent me in.
That sometimes he goes Into
action.
'
Not Very Helpful.
We learn that substitutes for coal
can be made from crude oil. It is
also true that substitutes for gold
can be made of platinum.
There's Always Something.
The trouble with the road to hap
piness Ib that there are so many
detours in It.
(Copyright. 1022, by Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright. Honghton-Mlfflln Co.
Can Yon Answer These Questions f
1 What kind of song has the
Baltimore oriole?
2. How can I protect my horses
from having their hoofs nibbled by
rats in the stable?
3. Occasionally I get a sealed
package of cereal that is webby
Inside, and has white worms in it.
How is it possible for them to get
into the sealed box?'
Answers in tomorrow's nature
notes.
'
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. Why aren't more sheep raised
in farming country?
Largely because they are so fre
quently killed by vagrant dogs.
One unexpected benefit of a mount
ed state constabulary, such as has
been tried in half a dozen states,
has been releasing the countryside
from these vagrants, and farmers
have been able to experiment with
flocks. Sheep have the double value
on a farm of their wool and mutton;
and of their constant work as weed
destroyers, eating far more varie
ties of weeds than other farm an
lmals do.
2. Do conifers or evergreens have
seed every year?
They vary. The white pine aver
ages a seed crop only about once in
five years. All the pines require
two years to mature their fruit,
blossoming in spring, but not de
veloping the seed completely until
the end of the second summer. The
Norway spruce, on the contrary,
ripens its codes the first year and
Is a prolific seeder.
3. How can you tell the differ
ence between a male and a female
black duck?
Usually you can't, as the plumage
of the sexes is practically alike
dusky brown, with a rusty brown
edge to the feathers, and under
parts lighter. The throat and skies
of head are streaked blackish on
grayish buff, and top of head, with
streak through eye, dark brown.
The rump Is dark brown, and In
some specimens shows greenish
gloss. Old drakes may be known
by darker red to the feet, deeper
yellow bills, throat streaks better
defined, and general body larger.
Mother's Tomorrow.
By Graee K. Hall.
She never took the gifts we gave
And used them day by day.
But always with a wistful look
She laid each one away;
Ofttime I brought her something
new
To pleasure up her face
A handkerchief a cup a pin
' In ut of a f t '
And she would smile that Joy was
III 1 113.
But still she said "another time,"
And waited hours some-other-where
Our little gifts of love to wear.
And then she calmly left us all
One bleak October night.
And In those after-hours of grief
Her trunk was brought to light:
We found the things she's laid
away
And oh. our pangs of sorrow!
For she has passed beyond the
dream
Of that postponed tomorrow;
And I learned from her sad delay
To drain the cup quaff deep the
wine,
Yea. drink life to the lees each day.
And bless each gift that's mine.
Our Town.
Silver Lake Leader.
Our Town Is the town of happi
ness. We strive for something more
than business. We strive for friend
liness, one with another, which
makes life worth while. Ws have a
family circle In which every inhab
itant eounts one. Our motto is One
for All and All for One. And we
want to play the same game with
our neighbors everywhere. Life is
the game of Brotherhood, snd Our
Town Is building on that basis.
Representatives From Orrson.
PENDLETON, Or., Sept. 7. (To
the Editor.) How many represen
tatives In the lower house of con
gress has Oregon? .- Please give
names and their district.
CONSTANT READER.
Three W. C. Hawley, district 1;
N. J. Sinnott. district 2; C. N. Mc
Arthur. district $.
Progress of the
Episcopal
Convention
The Oregonian has been fol
lowing the activities of the
Episcopalian leaders irom
all parts of the world now
in session here. Tomorrow's
issue will be complete in
both text and illustration in
;overing the more imKrtant
aspects of this gathering;.
Another Big
Lumber Story
The Oregonian of tomorrow
will carry an illustrated story
telling of the history, growth
and future plans of the
Peninsula Lumber company,
which is located in Portland.
Hospital's New
Annex Opened
A full page in tomorrow's
Oregon ian is devoted to arti
cles from Portland people
telling of the modern annex
that is to be dedicated today.
with illustrations.
Yakima Cut-off
Nearly Complete
II. W. Lyman, automobile
editor, in The Sunday Orego
nian tells of a trip over the
Yakima cut-off. Difficulties
of the trip as well as the
beauties are portrayed with
series of colored pictures.
The Magazine Section
Tragedy of the
Lonesome Lighthouse
An illustrated feature story
in tomorrow's issue tells of a
mother who, first attracted
by the spell of the sea while
on a lighthouse, later is
crazed and poisons herself
and two children.
Character Studies of
Portland Newsies
The life stories of familiar
characters among the news
sellers from whom you pur
chase your Orrgonians are
told in a special story writ
ten by DeWitt Harry.
Art Works in
Ancient Ruins
Excavations conducted in
Media by scientist, who has
just arrived in America,
shows Gothic art had Moslem
origin and solve 1000-year-old
mystery that has baff.cd
archaeologists.
News of World
in Pictures
Photographers catch views of
leaders in world activities. A
series of these pictures, as
usual, will be found in the
magazine section.
Artist Who Pictures
You as You Are
Do not fail to see the life
sketches of the famous artist,
W. E. Hill. Tomorrow he pic
tures the troubles and prob
lems of city folks who spend
a week end in the country.
One Family Has
Own Coney Island
William H. Spanjer of New
Jersey has constructed for
his children practically every
device that thc would find
in the city atnusement parka.
No More Prizes for
Imported Beauty
French beauties with million
dollar ankles no longer thrill
American public since short
skirts came into vogue. A
feature article in tomorrow's
paper tells the story.
Other Features
Latest Thing
in Styles
Evening gowns are being
made along simple lines now,
according to a special story
on fashion which appears in
The Sunday Orcgonian.
Few Alinutes With
Madame Richet
Problems that confront the
amateur dressmaker solved
by The Oregonian's expert
in tomorrow's issue.
What Gompcrs
Has to Say
Second of a series of articles
on the labor situation in The
Sunday Oregonian. Samuel
Gompers, labor leader, is the
author.
Wilt Irwin's
Oregon Poem
Famous writer en route to
the Pendleton Round-up has
written a special poem which
has been dedicated tn Oregon
and which will apprnr in to
morrow's issue.
Read the Latest
in Sports
The sporting section or The
Oregonian excels. A corps
of trained writers tell the
fans of all sports that are
going on, not only locally,
but all over the world.
The Sunday
Oregonian
"A - Nickle - and - a - Nod"