THE 3I0RXIXG OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY, AUGUST 19, 1922
3
T OF
WORKER
S
TO STRIKE ROB
LEWI
Congress May Soon Have to
Pass on Question.
LABOR DOMINION LOOMS
PRESIDENT'S
ADDRESS PRAISED' BY SENATE AND
HOUSE LEADERS. -
- (By Chicago Tribune Leased Wire.) ' '
WASHINGTON, IX C.i Aug. 18. Mr. Harding's address brought
forth comment of a varying nature.
Senator Lodge, Massachusetts, republican leader in the senate.
Walkouts Raise Queries Xot Read
ily Answered Status of Sev
eral Classes Compared.'
BY MARK SULLIVAN.
(Copyright by the New York Evening
Post. Published by Arrangement.)
WASHINGTON, D. C, Aug. 18.
(Special.) It isn't possible to pick
out any one aspect of the present
etrike and say that it is the single
big question involved. There are
several extremely important aspects
of the situation. One, for example,
is whsther we are to have in the
United States in the near future a
labor government. Some of us who
have followed these strikes careful
ly have arrived at a fairly confident
judgment that one of the heads of
the railroad brotherhoods, Mr. Stone.
is as much a candidate, for president
of the United States as, let us say.
Senator Capper of Kansas. The
same surmise can be made about Mr.
Lwis, bead of tha miners' union.
Another of the questions involved
Is whether we are going to have in
this country group domination on
the part of workers in various in
dustries, exercising an economic and
political leverage through compact
organization on a nationwide scale.
Omitting for the moment these
aspects of the- strikers, there is one
other question which by its nature
permits a more exact analysis.
That question is whether men en
gaged in railroad work shall be per
mitted the same right to strike that
is conceded to men in some lines of
work and denied to men in others
Right to Strike Problem.
Superficially the answer to this
question is that no men ehall be
denied the right to strike. This is
the answer that has been given fre
quently m congress and that has
determined the past attitude of con
gress on this subject. In fact, how
ever, the answer is not so easy as
this. There are many men engaged
in many lines of work to whom the
right to strike is denied by 'the
overwhelming consensus of public
feelings.
Let us start with soldiers. Sol
diers are not allowed to strike. If
they attempt to stride in time of
war they are promptly shot down
and buried in dishonored graves.
, The public sentiment which regards
mutiny in time of war as the last
word in dishonor is practically uni
versal. Even in times of peace sol
diers who attempt to stWke may be
ehot. If the conditions do not seem
to demand this extreme .punishment
they are, at least, put 'in jail for
long terms.
In the same class with soldiers
are seamen and others engaged jn
the armies and navies of the world.
Police Status Similar. '
Next consider policemen. It is al
most as generally conceded that po
licemen must not strike as. it is
that soldiers shall -not strike The
public odium which fell on the po
licemen who attempted to strike in
Boston three years ago is still fresh
in the public memory. It was large
ly because of His prompt action on
the theory that policemen have no
right to strike that Vice-President
Coolidge, then governor of Massa
chusetts, got his present standing
with -the public.
In the same class with policemen
are firemen.
One degree further removed from
the binding prohibition against
striking are mail carriers and men
otherwise engaged in the postal
service. Among this class of
workers there was a few years ago
an incipient gesture toward a
strike, which was promptly nd
severely repressed by the post
master general, Mr. Burleson, with
the complete assent of public
opinion.
We now come to the railroad
workers. The theory is that the
uninterrupted functioning of trans
portation is such that men engaged
in it are only a little different from
soldiers, policemen, firemen and
mail men. We are at the point now
where public opinion seems clearly
about to crystallize on the principle
that railroad workers must be
added to those who, because of the
nature of their employment and its
relation to the public welfare, must
forfeit the privilege of striking
because of its inevitable conse
quence in the interruption of a
function essential to the common
welfare.
Senate Forced to Yield.
When the present law governing
the operations of the railroads was
passed the theory that railroad
workers must be denied the right
to strike was put forward.
The question was debated in
congress earnestly on both sides.
In the end the senate adopted the
principle that for railroad men to
strike is a crime. The house, how
ever, refused to accept that prin
ciple and after a two-months' dead
lock 'between the two houses the
senate was compelled to recede.
One reason why the senate lost that
fight lies in the unfortunate phrase
whicA happened to be attached to
the principle the senate fought for.
It was called the "anti-strike"
provision.
As a matter of fact, this particular
statute applied not only to railroad
workers but to railroad managers as
well. In the actual listing jof those
who were forbidden to enter into
any agreement likely to interrupt
transportation the railroad managers
came ahead of the railroad workers.
But because of the phrase "anti
strike" the bill got a bad name and
was beaten. Sooner or later the
question must come up again and
the question must be settled whether
or not railroad workers are in the
same class with the soldiers, police
men, firemen and others who must
not strike; or whether they are in
the same class with men in other in
dustries whose right to strike is un
deniable. Mine Worker Considered.
A shade Jurther removed from
those who are by the general con
sensus of sentiment prohibited from.
striking is the mine worker. The
theory that coal belongs in the same
classification with transportation,
police work and military operations
in its indispejisability to the public
welfare is just" beginning to gain
said:
"I think it a most excellent message. I thoroughly agreed with
all the president said at the close of the message as to the supreme .
acy of the government of the United States and as to his intention
fully to enforce the laws." t , .
Senator Cummins, Iowa, chairroein of the senate interstate com
merce committee, said:
' "I considered the president's message as. a very strong, wise
anol decisive statement regarding the present situation. . I thor
1 oughiy approve of what he said and suggested." ' -
"It was a very good speech," commented Senator McOormick of
Illinois. - , '
Senator Pomerene, Ohio, democrat, said:' ' ,.
"Every real American must applaud -what the president said ,.
with respect to the necessity for preserving law and order."
'"In my judgment." said Senator Watson, Indiana, republican,
"the president expressed the views of nine-tenths ofjthe American
people." ! w ,.- '
Other leaders commented as follows: '
"Representative Garrett, Tenessee, acting democrstic leader:
"If the president, six weeks ago, had deemed It proper to speak
words whose meaning would hiive been clear and unmistakable,
such as some of the sentences used in his address today could be
interpreted to mean, the country and the world would have been
before this and now in an infinitely better position. The message
is so complicated and involved that it is impossible to understand
precisely what he means." ' '
Representative Mann, Illinois: "It is a very informative mes
sage to the America people." "
Representative Mondell, Wyoming, republican leader: "The
president's message is very fine and will meet with a favorable
response from the American people."
Representative Butler, Pennsylvania: "The strength of the
message lies in the last sentence, and now that the president has
reasserted the determination to aid in the -transportation problem
by maintaining order, the country will- expect the federal govern
ment to be prepared to act." "
FOREIGN VETERARfS
ground. The principle of prohibition
against striking is in all cases re
lated not only to the nature of. the
work but also to the manner in
which the, pay of the worker is "de
termined. - Wherever the work -Is
purely private and the wages we
determined hy a private employer it
is generally conceded that the em
ploye has complete freedom to
strike.
Cases where the worker is pro
hibited from striking go " hand in
hand with the cases where avages
are fixed by the public The wages
of military and naval men are fixed
by act of the national congress. So
also are the wages of mail men.
The wages of policemen and fire
men are fixed by the local common"
council in each municipality. " At
present under the operation of the
law which now governs the rail
roads, the wages of railroad work
ers are fixed by a labor board which
is set up byi congress. This fact
alone carries with It a strong im
plication -that the railroad worker
shall not be permitted to strike.
It will be interesting to note the
analogy between those locomotive
engineers who abandoned their
trains in the middle of the Arizona
desert and another class of workers
also engaged in transportation. If
those men, instead of being locomo
tive engineers, had been engineers
on an ocean steamship and if they
had abandoned their work in the
middle of the ocean, they would
ow be either in jail or else fugi
tives on the seas with every man's
hand aeainst them. There is not,
after all, a great deal of difference
between the discomfort and danger
to life involved between abandoning
a train in the middle of the Arizona
desert and abandoning the engine
of a ship in the middle of the. Atlan
tic ocean.
More Prohibition Coming.
On this matter- of the right of
railroad workers to strike and to a
less degree on the right oi coai
miners to strike we are just in
process ot evoiuuon. .iiie umus""
that have been set down here, it is
believed, will afford some sugges
tion as to what the next step is
likely to be. So far as the present
wViter's nersonal teeiings are ot
anv
admissible to add that he views
with strong distaste the condition
which evolution plainly points
toward as the next step.
All prohibitions of any sort wnicn
interfere with complete freedom of
personal action are repugnant to the
fundamental American principle oi
the maximum' of personal liberty.
But people who hold contrary opin
ions are as certain to be overriaaen
as are workers themselves. In the
present state of the world we are
pretty clearly in the micist of an
evolution, the final state of which
will tend to make us all like bees in
a hive, each going along in his
determined groove' from hour to
hour under the complusion of the
minutely organized mass.
To most persons with old-fashioned
notions 'of political economy
and the function of the human
spirit this prospect is most unpal
atable, but this is clearly the direc
tion in which , the western world is
going with increasing momentum.
About the only person who is at
tempting .to make headway with a
different philosophy of life is that
Indian leader Gandhi, and he is now
in jail for his attempt to make the
tide go back.
GENEflflL MAKES FLIGHT
AIR VOYAGE OF 3000 MILES
.. IS.-TEMPESTUOUS.
Assistant Cliief ot Alr Service
Travels far orr Trip to '
-Aero' Fields. - .-'
(Bv Chicago Tribune Leased Wire.)
WASHINGTON, D. C.,' Aug. 18.
Aftel traveling by airplane approxi
mately 3000 ;miles, General William
Mitchell, assistant chief of air serv
ice, has just returned to this city
from an - inspection of air service
activities in the. middle west, visit
ing McCook field, Dayton, O.; Self-
ridge field. Mount Clemens, Mich.;
Culver,, Ind., Milwaukee, Chicago and
Cleveland.
On his trip between Milwaukee
and Culver, General Mitchell en
countered wrefvhed weather con
ditions, being forced to struggle
through severe rainstorms and
heavy clouds. From Chicago to Self
ridge he ran into the worst thun
der storm he'had ever seen and was
forced to fly' for about 50 miles
around the edge of the storm. He
then turned around and came back
toward Lake Michigan at an alti
tude of 10,000 feet. He accomplished
the trip from Selfndge .field, to
Cleveland in 1 hour and 40 minutes,
flying straight across Lake Erie, a
distance of 35 miles, at . 10,000 feet
altitude. - .
Lieutenant Paul C. Wilkins, array
air service, left Boiling field at 5:05
this morning on h.i flight across the
continent. His trip westward will
be via Dayton, O. : Scott field, 111.;
Fort Riley, Kan.; North Platte, Neb.;
Cheyenne, Wyo. ; Salt Lake, Utah;
Elko, Nev. ; Reno, Nev., and San
Francisco. On his return trip Lieu
tenant Wilkins will take the north
ern route, traveling along the aerial
mail route to Salt Lake City and
then proceeding northward to Cas
per and Sharon, Wyo.; Miles City,
Mont.; Bismarck and Fargo, N. D. ;
ELECT MR. HUSTOIV
Two Portland Men; Named
' . to Offices. " ;
MR.. JONES ON C0UNCJL
moment it is perhaps at least Minneapolis, Chicago,. Dayton, O.,
and back to W ashington.
President of Illinois Honored.
SAX FRANCISCO. Aug. 18. Dr.
David Kinley, president of the Uni
versity of Illinois, now visiting in
San Francis-co, was the guest of
honor at an annual dinner given
ton'feht a,, a downtown hotel by the
members of the Illinois Alumni as
sociation, v
Pill
Aged Woman's Hip Broken.
KELSO. Wash., "Aug. 18. (Spe
cial. ) Mrs. Patience Glover. 80, one
of the early residents of this dis
trict, -sustained a fracture of her
hip in a fall.
Dr. . Roy A. Peebles Is Selected
Surgeon-General--XorfoIk,
Va.,. AVins Next Meeting.
- SEATTLE, Wash., Aug. 18. Nor
folk, Va., was selected today as the
1923 meeting place- of the national
encampment of the Veterans of For
eign Wars of the United States at
the twenty-third encampment of the
organization in session herev
' Colonel Tillinghast L. Huston
part owner of the American league
baseball... club, was unanimously
chosen :by the veterans to succeed
Robert G. Woodside of Pittsburg as
national, commander-in-chief. Past
Commander Woodside was elected to
a five-year term on the national
council of administration, and John
Walker Jones of Portland. Or.-? re
tiring senior vice-commander-in-chief,
to a four-year -term. . .
- -
Other Officers Chosen..'
Other, officers chosen included
Andrew Hawkins, Minneapolis, vice
commander; Charles Dodson. Nor
folk, Va, junior vice-commander;
Walter L. Joyce, New York, quartermaster-general;
Major Robert
Starr Allyn, Brooklyn, N. T., judge-advocate-general;
the Rev. J, Phil
ips Anshutz, Tacoma,' Wash., na
tional , chaplain, and Dr. Roy A.
Peebles, .Portland, Or., surgeon-general.
' ' . , -:. ;
Tomorrow; the final day of the en
campment, will be devoted to pleas
ure and' entertainment. .
Among resolutions adopted by the
convention was one authorizing the
adjutant-general of the organiza
tion to telegraph President Hard
ing and congress, asking that the
national adjusted compensation-bill
be taken up and disposed of imme
diately after the tariff bill; : now
before the senate. Another resolu
tion urged that the birthday of
Ulysses S. Grant, April 27. be made
national holiday. Congress and
state legislatures were asked in a
resolution, unanimously adopted- to
pass laws making it illegal to kill
pigeons, useful as message carriers
in time of war.
Hot Fight Develops.
The hotest fight of the conven
tion developed over a resolution in
troduced by the California delega
tion, proposing to place .the Vet
erans of Foreign Wars on record as
opposed to the Ku Klux Klan. The
resolution was finally tabled, affer
speakers had declared that what
ever the organization's feeling, as
expressed by individual delegates,
toward the klan, any action to be
taken should be initiated by state
or federal authorities.
Colonel Huston was presented
with a -huge bouquet of roses by
the Portland, Or., delegation, when
it was announced that Portland's
candidate for the office had withdrawn.
HARDING FIXES BLAME
(Continued From First Page.)
of democracy are surrendered to
mobocracy and the freedom of, a
hundrert millions is surrendered ' to
the small minority which " would
have no law." - .
At the same time the president
called attention to another element
which he said he believed was re
sponsible to some degree for strikes
and for the difficulties of restoring
industrial peace.
"I refer," said he, "to the warfare
on the unions of labor. The gov
ernment has no sympathy or ap
proval for the element of discord in
the ranks of industry.. We recog
nize these organizations in the law
and we must accredit them with in
calculable contribution to labor-'s
uplift."
Discussing. the coal strike spe
cifically, Mr. Harding warned con
gress that, although the skies now
appeared to be clearing, more
trouble can be expected when wage
contracts are renewed next April,
unless the executive is provided
with adequate authority.
He declared that "except for coal
from non-union districts the country
is at the mercy of the United Mine
Workers," and detailed how settle
ment of the present strike had been
delayed for many weeks although
evidences had come to the White
House that in many localities the
workingmen were "anxious to re
turn to their jobs." -
Manuscript Is Reviaed.
- Arrangements for the president's
appearance before congress, yhioh
twice had been postponed to await
developments in the conference of
rail executives and Onion chiefs in
session at New York, -were com
pleted only an hour before he went
to the capitol, and during the morn
ing his manuscript underwent last
revision after a session of the cabi
net. It is understood that, although
the New York meeting was not
mentioned in the address, the de
cision to go to the capitol without
further delav was reached after it
had become apparent no final agree
ment ending the strike would be
possible for several days.
As the chief executive was on his
way up Pennsylvania avenue in a
White House automobile, another
complication developed which for a
time threatened to overturn entirely
the plan fog a joint session to hear
the address?
Objection Is Withdrawn.
Republican leaders in the house,
hurriedly arranging for passage of
a resolution authorizing the body
to sit with the senate in special ses
sion, were stopped abruptly by a
point of no quorum interposed by
Representative Huddleston, demo
crat. Alabama. Before the begin-:
ning of the rollcall, however, which
would have required upwards of an
irour and which the leaders said
might in the end reveal that no
quorunt was present. Mr. Huddleston
withdrew his objection upon the re
quest of the democratic house lead
er, Representative Garrett of Ten
nessee ..
For the most' part there was no
party division in the reception ac
corded the president's declaration,
the applause, sweeping the entire
floor and the galleriesas he pro
nounced deliberately his warning
against lawlessness and swelling
into nroloneed ovation as he con
cluded with the pledge to "use all
the 'power of the government to
maintain transportation and sustain
the right of men to work."
BORAH'S BILL IS INDORSED
Harding's Recommendations- Said
to Conform toMeasure.
THE OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU,
Washington, D. C, Aug. 18. Presi
dent Harding's recommendation of a
commission to make a thorough in
vestigation of the coal mining in
dustry is understood to carry with
it an indorsement of a bill for this
purpose recently introduced by Sen
ator Borah.
Senator Borah said today that he
stood ready to make such modifica
tions as would suit the president,
and that in any event he expected
to alter the bill to give the presi
dent a free hand in choosing the
members of the commission. The
Idaho senator said his' pending plan
to have'a commission to include one
coal operator, one representative of
the miners and one member repre
senting the public was subject to
change. He said he had become ot
the opinion that all members should
represent the public, because to put
one operator and one miner on the j
commission would mean nothing
more than a resumption of the long
drawn out debate between employer
and "employe.
SPEEDER'S. PUT OB RUCK
JUDGE WHO SEES ARRESTS
DEFENDS TRAFFIC SQUAD.
Testimony of Violators Seeking
to Impugn Word of Officers
Draws Fire From Bench.
( From the variety of excuses of
fered to him since Lieutenant Er
vin's corps ' of ' ' speed officers
launched its drive against careless
drivers, Municipal Judge Ekwall be
gan to wonder whether the officers
held closely to facts in every case.
To determine for himself, the inrls-p.
a couple of days ago, went out with
tne policemen and saw them, make
21 arrests. ,
In police court yesterdav 18 nf
these 21 careless drivers pleaded not
guilty. They had divers excuses to , (Special.) Irene Lewis, a Tenino
offer to the court, and not a few
of them contended with vehemence
that the arresting officers were of
fering testimony that was not in
accordance with facts.
After a few of these excuses had
been offered, Judge Ekwall took a
hand.
"I'm getting mighty tired of hear
ing you people blame the officers
and say they are trying to get you,"
thundered the court. "As a matter
of fact I was present myself when
these arrests were made. I saw the
traffic violations with my own eyes
and know of my own knowledge
that the officers are in the right."
The air was thick with a lot of
silence from then on. The luckless
ctianged their pleas tojguilty, and
without exception they?were ready
to Pay a fine.
The standard penalty of $5 for
cutting corners and similar minor
offenses was levied by the court.
girl, was injured Wednesday night
when a .22 caliber rifle in the hands
of Lloyd Matthews, a playmate, was
accidentally discharged. The bullet
lodged in the chJld'B arm.
Tenino Girl Hit by Bullet.
CENTRALIA, Wash., Aug. 18.-
lioquiam Voters Register.
HOQUIAM, Wash.. Aug. IS.
(Special.) Announcement of the
coming special advisory election to
select a map for the office of com
missioner of safety with the title of
mayor gave a decided impetus to
registriion here yesterday, the of
fice of City Clerk Neick in the base
ment of the library building being
filled with a steady stream of peo
ple all day. The books close next
Tuesday. Only registered voters
can cast .a ballot at the advisory
election.
The prestige of Oregonlan Want
.ds has been attained not merely by
The Oregonian's large circulation, but
t-y the fact that all its readers are
Interested in Oreeonian "Want-Ads.
OH
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Mercha nd is of cJ Merit Only"
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Triple
Parachute Leap
From Balloon
Sunday
THE OAKS
PORTLAND vis
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very helpful, par
ticularly that of
our prescription
department,
Also Quality
Merchandise
V -'l 1 JCORNER,
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New Importation from England
Knitted All-Wool Suits
for the Little Boys
They're jersey knit suits and rib-stitched suits each
consisting of jacket, pants arid cap and quite the nattiest
affairs of the kind to be imagined.
They're for the boys of 2 to 8 years and are .in the fol
lowing colors: -
Navy White Brown
Medium Gray Copper-and-J ade
On the Fifth Floor I.lpnmn, Wolfe Co. '
Ready Here- Misses' and Children's
New Coats in Fall Styles
r mi rn i
pee 1 hem 1 oday
Especially ,new imported tweed
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lars, slashed pockets and loose back
and priced $25 and $32.50.
- Also new Bonnycloth and velour
coats some of these with fur collars
and' prices starting at $14.95.
Yes, the new things are at Lipman,
Wolfe's, and Fall buying has started
here in earnest.
On the Fourth Floor Lipman, Wolte t o.
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Here's a Tip:
It's In the Flavor and Quality
Ask Those Who Eat Here
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and ALDER. STS.
f SELLING BUILD1NO
Special Breakfast
Ham or Bacon, One Egg,
Toast, Coffee
c
Special Luich
From 11 to 3
Meat or Fish, Pie or Pudding,
Coffee or Tea, Bread and Butter
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Fresh Peaches and" Cream. .. ...... .... .
Large glass of Milk. .... . . ... . . ..........
Coffee, 5c. Cup refilled, 3c
.20c
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Values Also Proving That Lipman, Wolfe's Is Portland's ,
Umbrella Headquarters
Men's Umbrellas
Specially Priced
at $3.95
-Strongly built unv;
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Wales crooks and opera
handles, and 8-ribbed
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is much below regular
for these umbrellas.
Women's Silk
Umbrellas Spec'l
at $5.65
Pure taffeta silk um
brellas with a choice as
sortment of ring and
strap handles. Built on
8-ribbed paragon frames
and choice of the
wanted shades. Excel
lent values at $5.65.
Women's Silk
Umbrellas Spec'l
at $6.95
These of pure taffeta
silk and with wide taped
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strap handles and choice
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They're sturdily built
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frames.
I mhrrlla Section On the Flrt Floor Lipman, Wolfe Co.
332 Washington 124 Broadway
Ground Floor and Basement NEVER CLOSED
The Washing Machine Sensation
The Maytag "Gyrafoam
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A New Shipment Just
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Knotted clothes actually untangled by this
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On the Sixth Floor Lipman, Wolfe & Co.
lHBBjjH
10
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OH