8
THE MORNING OEEGONIAN, MONDAY, JULY 31, 1933
JWVmHM WaVHmiJ.santic Pools, and it now proposes
! 4- u . :i a i J x
.
C. A. MORDE.y, . B. B. piper, i
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"SEIXING" THE SUBSIDY IDEA.
In undertaking to "sell" the ship
subsidy idea to the American peo
ple, the shipping Board has to over
come the traditional aversion to
subsidies of any kind. It must also
overcome arguments drawn from
the failure of subsidies granted by
other nations, the most notable ex
ample in recent times being that of
France. Notwithstanding all that
may be said of British subsidies,
they are and have Been for many
years insignificant and have been
paid for special types of vessel that
were and still are subject to instant
requisition for naval or transport
service. Since steam superseded
sails and since steel superseded
wood, British maritime supremacy
has been due to Great Britain's pos
session of well-developed iron and
coal industries and to the fact that
such industries were in, their in
fancy in the United States at the
time when these changes in ma
terial and motive power were made.
Even exclusive contracts with
American lines to carry mails for a
fixed sum caused such scandal in
1872 that congress abandoned that
policy and did not revive it until
1891.
Nevertheless, circumstances
could hardly have been more favor
able to a change of public opinion
to approval of subsidies than they
now are. The people realize as
they never did before the necessity
of an American merchant marine
for national defense and for foreign
trade. They also realize that ex
pansion of foreign trade is essen
tial to sale of surplus agricultural
produce at remunerative prices and
to full operation of factories. They
want the government to sell the
emergency fleet, that it may reduce
the national debt and taxes and
may get out of the shipping busi
ness. They generally believe that
ships cannot be operated under the
American nag at as low cost as
under other flags. They know that
nations which now have the ship
ping business have so strong a hold
and will strive so hard to retain
their hold that American ship
owners will have a severe struggle
at the outset to establish them
selves on a profitable basis, and
that therefore ships will not appear
to bo an attractive investment un
less the government helps- them
through this initial struggle.
Thus serious obstacles in the
way of "selling" the subsidy policy
to the people have already been,
or are tn a fair way to be, over
come. But there are others no less
serious. Unless these also are over
come, the opposition may easily
prove so strong as to wreck the
whole scheme. In the first place,
former e'ssays in the same field
have so often failed that searching
Inquiry should be made and great
care taken to adopt a form of sub
sidy that will accomplish its pur
pose. In the second place, every
precaution should be taken to in
sure the people against graft or any
form of special privilege, favoritism
or error of judgment in adminis
tration of the law. If public money
is to be expended in establishing
some citizens in this new business,
every safeguard should be taken
for the American principle of equal
opportunity to all and that the
benefits received directly by ship
owners will inure to the benefit of
In meeting these requirements
for success, both in enlisting popu
lar support and in establishing the
merchant marine by means of sub
sidies, the shipping board has fallen
wofully short. The hearing by the
Joint committee of congress was in
adequate to cover the field, too
many witnesses having appeared to
put over the board's own bill, too
few to, speak for the general public,
and the board being accused of
having successfully influenced' the
AAmmltioa - rro i v- c- nn 111., ,-.t
who might have offered facts and
arguments adverse to its scheme.
The joint committee did not, on its
own initiative, go out after infor
mation to guide it in drawing a' bill
of its own. It took evidence of the
board and its officials and of a few
shipping men, but it heard few
representatives of those who will
use the ships and, in the end, pay
the subsidy. It took as its guide
the bill drawn by the board that is
to administer the law, and has
- .made comparatively few changes.
With these exceptions it recom
mends that congress give the board
the power that it asks.
Like other government bureaus,
the board seek3 all the authority
that it can induce congress to give
It wants to be free from restric
tions on exercise of discretion, from
obligation to hear what the public
has to say, to do business in the
open and to give reasons for its
decisions. Nowhere does it pro
pose that appeal from its action be
permitted to any other authority,
executive or judicial. It practically
asks to be made a supreme court of
shipping.
If the board had a record of wise
administration, of uniform fairness
toward all- owners and operators
and all ports, it would not beifeafe
to grant such unlimited power to
a body of changing membership or
to one which did not change. - But
the board has no such record. It
has shown gross partiality as be
tween ports, and toward combina
tions that strive for monopoly, it
has pax.mited,-it chairman-to pro-
mote a scheme for formation of gi-
Liiaw rctiiruaus ue permuieu to own
r control shipping lines in foreign
trade. It is headed the wrong way,
yet asks new authority under which
it could go on that way, to sell
ships privately, ' to decide momen
tous questions without open hear
ing, to give reasons for its action
only after decisions have been
reached from which there would be
no appeal. That way leads to ar
bitrary bureaucracy which the peo
ple would not tolerate, to possible
gross discrimination and graft, cer
tainly to suspicion and charges of
these evils, whfch' might cause the
people in disgust to wreck the
whole scheme and to abandon hope
of establishing a merchant marine.
The United States is practically
engaging in a business that is new
to us and that has undergone fun
damental change since we virtually
withdrew from it. Both the ship
ping board and the people have a
vast amount to 1 e a r n, and the
board should figure as the leader
and guide, not as the dictator, in
this new venture. It should keep
in constant touch with the people,
should be ready to learn from them
as well as to inform them. In order
that it may induce the people to
buy and operate its ships, it should
aim to win public confidence in the
proposed law and in itself as a just,
able administrator of that law by
frankly admitting that-it is starting
us at a new game, of which it has
much to learn itself. This implies
a complete reversal of policy on
the board's part, but it cannot win
public support to put over the sub
sidy scheme with the adminis
trative features that it proposes.
Having taken hold of the business
little more than a year ago, the
board is still a comparatively green
hand, yet the power that it asks
suggests belief that it knows it all,
and on this assumed omniscience it
bases a claim to omnipotence. That
is not the way to "sell" the subsidy
idea to the people. They have a
summary way of dealing with a
know-it-all.
t
FEEENDS OR OUTCASTS?
Mr. U'Ren brightens our lives
with the promise that the friends
of the direct primary are now going
to do something about it. We shall
hope, so long as there is ground for
hope, that the reforms proposed
will be true reforms, and. not some
thing else experimental.
By implication we get from Mr.
U'Ren's communication published
the other day that the "friends" of
the primary are the members of
the old People's Power league,
which it is proposed shall be' re
vived. That is interesting. We had ob
served that when any person who
had been in the habit of proclaim
ing himself a friend of the primary
finally -admitted that something
was wrong with it and proposed a
reform, he promptly ceased to be
considered a friend of the primary
by all its other friends, and auto
matically violated the maxim that
the primary law should be amended
only by its friends.
As for ourselves, we have not
been in doubt as to whether the
true friend of the primary was one
who was indifferent to the disas
trous results it was producing, or
the one who was frank enough to
acknowledge its defects.
Mr. Tj'Ren and his associates now
admit that something has gone
wrong with it, and they are going
to remedy it. Let us hope that they
will be able to defy precedent and ,
be considered friends of the pri-1
mary at l,east until disclosure is
made as to their purpose toward
this remarkable instrument of gov
ernment. -
THE KNEES OF THE BEE.
English is a strong and virile lan
guage. Its master can at will in
voke tears or anger, joy or sorrow.
Lincoln wrote the Gettysburg
speech in a half hour or less, and
reproached himself for its inade
quacy. Yet it is deathless. It is this
sufficiency of the mother tongue
that gives us pause to marvel at
the task ef an eastern lexicographer
who has compiled a dictionary of
flapperese. Echo repeats our query.
Why?
Is it beneficial to the mind or
the vocabulary to know that the
flapper noun nosebaggery trans
lates to restaurant, or that a pet
ting pantry is a motion picture
show? These are flippancies that
lack the stoutness of strong Eng-
ish slang, of the American idiom,
and that irk not because we fail
at first to comprehend them, but
for the reason that they are both
vulgar and upstart. A great deal
of slang has proved so. trenchant
and well bethought that it is now
safely betwixt the 'covers of ortho
dox dictionaries. The genuine word
blizzard -was once American slang
for a knock-down blow. The force
ful slang of the world war, some
what deleted, Is to be preserved in
the language. But one cannot fore
cast a day when it will be proper
by general usage to speak of spend
ing a quiet evening at the petting
parlor, or to refer to the feet as
dogs, and to shoes as dog kennels.
Much has been said of and for
the flapper, and to some extent
rightly. But nothing can possibly
be said in defense of her linguistic
foibles. The words and terms this
fro ward maiden dotes upon ar not
so daring as inane and non-essen
tial. They, are a very low form of
argot, and the implied jest in each
is often at the expense of moral
belief. Certainly they are not Eng.
lish, and almost as certainly they
are not even permissible slang.
GIVE HEED TO THE MEN WHO
FOUGHT.
A tonvention of the Rainbow
division has adopted a petition to
the, house of representatives to re
move Representatives Anthony and
Stafford, republicans, and Sisson,
democrat, from the .war depart
ment subcommittee on appropria
tions and to substitute for them
members in sympathy with the na
tional defense act of 1920. The
petition is to be sent to senators
and representatives from each of
the twenty-six states represented in
the division with requests that they
push action.
No men .have a better right to
speak with influence on questions
of national defense than those who
did the fighting in the world war,
for they know better than any the
penalties of inadequate preparation,
having paid in sore experience.
They know, as the Army and Navy
Journal quotes- them, "that a fail
ure to prepare in time of peace
produces unnecessary loss of Jif e- on
the battlefield, unnecessary wound
ing pf thousands of human beings,
unnecessary expenditure of money
and undue prolongation of the
war." By their action the members
named have attempted to reduce
army - appropriations to , a- point,
where carrying out the policy of
the law of 1920 namely, mainte
nance of a force sufficient to ire
vent invasion, until further forces
could be organized would be im
possible. That 'is to repeal the law
by indirection. Pacifists stint the
army and navy beyond the danger
point in the name of economy,
though the- war should hav con
vinced them that such economy is
the most reckless waste, not only
of " money but of the nation's best
lives. . ". .'
One of the most pernicious- ef
fects of the seniority rule is that it
raises to high places in congress
men like Anthony, Stafford and
Sisson, , who are opposed to the
laws for the execution of which
they must recommend !unds and to
the policy of the administration of
which they profess to be support
ers. Real co-operation of the re
publican majority in congress with
the republican president demands
full agreement on questions of
policy, then that men be placed at
the head of committees who' are
in full accord with the president
and the party. Pacifists would, not
then be able to mangle army and
navy bills, and there Would be no
possibility that a habitual bolter
like Senator La Follette could be
come chairman of the senate fi
nance committee.
The movement started by the
Rainbow division should be taken
up and pushed by all other veterans
of the world war. They have the
best right to have respect paid to
their opinions, for on the battle
field, in camp and in hospital they
paid with their bodies the price of
unpreparedness. '
gkeat power ant) navigation
plans.
To how great a degree this is the
age of electricity and how closely
development of electric power by
water is linked With navigation is
illustrated by the immense schemes
that have been and are being car
ried out and are projected. The at
tention of the world has turned to
cheaper production and transpor
tation and to economy pf labor, all
of which are effected by water
power and water transportation..
The most extensive power service
as to area is that of the Ontario
power commission, which in 1921
supplied 305,000 horsepower to
265,000 customers in 234 cities and
44 townships of that province and
exported 70,000 horsepower to the
United States. It is now building a
great plant, on the Niagara river,
the canal of which will - have an
ultimate capacity of 650,000 horse
power. Construction of the great lakes
St. Lawrence waterway, which has
been recommended by the interna
tional joint commission of the
United States and Canada, would
reduce the number of locks be
tween the head of the lakes and
Montreal from forty-four to six
teen, make them large and deep
enough for seagoing ships, would
develop power, half owned by each
nation, at Cornwall on the St. Law
rence to a total of 1,464,000 horse
power and would make possible de
velopment at dams wholly in Can
ada of 4,100,000 horsepower. It is
estimated that the sale of Cornwall
power would yield enough revenue
t0 operation, maintenance, in
terest and sinking fund charges for
the entire enterprise
France has proposed to collect a
large part of the reparation claim
against Germany in the form of
labor and material to construct
power plants and navigation works
on the Rhone river from its mouth
to Lake Geneva, which will make
the entire river navigable and ad
mit ships to the lake; also in the
regions of Truyere and Dordogne
and to construct the Saar-Moselle-
Meuse and Meuse-Scheldt canals.
About 10,000 German workmen
would be employed on the Rhone
alone.
The Columbia river offers oppor
tunities for power and navigation
development equal to any of these.
Dams at the rapids and falls of the
river near Bonneville, The Dalles,
Celilo and Umatilla would produce
a great amount of power and, with
the plant at Priest rapids, on which
so much preliminary work is being
Hone, would open the river to barge
navigation as far as Wenatchee.
To make this work financially
feasible, it is necessary first to se
cure location of industries which
would consume a large proportion
of the power in addition to that
which would be used for irrigation
and domestic purposes. The loca
tion on a waterway affording cheap
transportation of materials from
the interior and of products to sea
going ships at Portland should
prove a decided attraction. Real
ization of these possibilities is an
Important part of the work of state
development upon which the
chambers of commerce of Oregon
and. Portland have entered.
THE CRITICS CHOOSE FIVE.
It is worth a smile to observe
that the public and its literary
critics are always somewhat es
tranged. For while the average
reader, who haunts libraries and
frequents the corner magazine
store, would to a certainty nomi
nate Joseph Hergesheimer as one
of the foremost of America's liter
ary company, he would blink his
amaze were you to inform him.
with an air of authority, that Eu
gene O'Neill was the second lance
of the literati, or that Robert Frost
was fifth. Indeed, he might be
very apt to ask of you who these
twain are, and what they may have
written.. , ,
Critics who follow literary criti
cism as a vocation, however, are
in doubt about these standings, as
the Literary Digest proved by its
recent questionnaire to - the .cult.
The gentlemen who serve as liter
ary advisers to publishing houses,
who review fiction and poetry for
the daily press, and those who are
somewhat renowned for their avo
cational flair for literary criticism,
provided these answers by majority
vote. When asked to name "the
five American literary stars who
have risen above the horizon in the
last ten years" Uieir response wai
in the ensuing order: Joseph Her
gesheimer, novelist; Eugene O'Nejfll,
playwright; Sherwood Anderson,
writer of fiction and poems; Willa
Sibert ' Cather, writer of . fiction;
Robert Frost, poet; and James
Branch Cabell, writer of fiction,
Naturally there was a large scat
tering vote for other . favorites,
among whom we find Sinclair
Lewis and Edgar Lee Masters, but
in no instance sufficiently pro
nounced to win for the candidate
the fellowship ot the presumably
immortal five. Yet it is among
these random preferences, beyond
question, that the average reader
must quest for his own raconteurs
saddened to observe that Zona
Gale, Edna Ferber, Conrad Aiken,
Fannie Hurst, Donn Byrne, Mell
ville Davidson Post, Thomas Beer
and Ring Lardner, as weltas many
others who have achieved the con
quest of the magazines and the
public, were accorded- but one
lonely vote each. Nor does Hugh
Wiley, whose tales of Chinatown
are ' quite generally regarded as
genuine literature, and whose yarns
of the' Mississippi hold in thrall the
eager eye, receive more than the
minimum. ",
Aside from nomination of Joseph
Hergesheimer, it is as certain as
fate that the public would reverse
and scatter this dictum of the re
viewers, supplanting the noble five
with a list of its own, inclusive of
the author of "Java Head." Ob
viously the list is of great value in
determining literary excellence, the
charm of individual style and in
spiration, and one would not assail
the entire propriety of the selec
tion. The wreaths are doubtless
well bestowed and becomingly
worn. Yet the truth is that as a
list . of typical American ; literary
luminosities it is inclined ' toward
the academic rather than the prac
tical. We speak for the judgment
of the public, that final arbiter of
fame.-'; ,
Whoever has read the reviews of
Eugene O'Neill's, latest play, "The
Hairy Ape," will be at loss to un
derstand why he should have been
accorded second place, ranking
next to Hergesheimer as the ex
ponent 'of English literature in
America, as developed in the past
decade. The play is allegorical, de
pending for its interest upon an ex
travagant portrayal of the "abys
mal brute," and clearly its dialogue
is stilted and unnatural. Viewed
on the stage, it might appear far
more forcefully, as it seems to have
done, thari when lifted cold from
the printed page by an eye that
somehow will not be enthused nor
thrilled. Yet reading is the test of
literature, and Inasmuch as "The
Hairy Ape" is a drama of the sea,
in part, the agony of a groping
physical force, we are justified in
contrasting it with the simple ef
fectiveness of - any of Masefield's
sea stories. ' The contrast is not to
its advantage; however, Mr. O'Neill
has convinced the critics and
stormed the first gate to fame.
One perceives that The .Digest
set its correspondents an arduous
and often painful task in requiring
an arbitrary expression of their
preferences, restricted to a meager
five. They would, had it been
permitted, have urged alternates
upon the editor. And it is among
the rejected alternates, oddly
enough, that the public descries
its. favorite authors. A pity, it
seems, that the scope of such an
enterprise prohibited the sounding
of popular belief on the same topic.
We would then have found verifi
cation of the record on millions of
library cards s upporting the
theory that what we are wished to
read is not always that which we
desire.
Nor are the critics, most politely
asking their several pardons, inva
riably omniscient in their assump
tions of merit or demerit. .'We re
call that Jack London fought vali
antly for recognition,- winning
against sore odds, and that the al
chemy of success transmuted his
rejected . manuscripts into gold.
That a certain young fellow named
Kipling tried vainly t to sell his
earlier stories to American pub
lishers, and was quite embittered
by his failure. Among his offerings,
was "The Man Who Would Be
King." Thrust aside "by the infal
libles, this scrap of vivid fiction is
now regarded as one - of the few
ehot story masterpieces. Critical
appreciation quite often has proved
so tardy, so stingy and self-certain,
that authors have quitted the world
without reward, to be rediscovered
by a subsequent generation.. There
is ground for the hazard that critics
and reviewers are often epicurean
to a fault. .
The grand jury returned a not-
trui bill against the man who shot
another In a noodle "joint." So
that's that; but how about the per
son who supplied the liquor to the
man who was killed?
Another "lad" of 77, this time
prominent in New York law and
art, iook a priae xne otner aay two
years his junior. It appears to be
a sensible marriage as such things
go.
Young Mr. Brougher is a worthy
son of a worthy sire, but he has his
dad" faded. The elder Brougher
never performed the ceremony by
wireless. - '
That "meteor" that floated ten
minutes, a huge flaming mass, at
Santa Barbara before it sank was
a flarnbuoyant affair, to say the
least. '
If the Greek army can get an
"O. K." from the , allies it will
march on Constantinople; but the
allies are too busy to be bothered.
Still, when a girl of 10 becomes a
mother in an Ohio town, or any
other, there ought to be an angle
in this birth-control business.
American -divorces in France' are
worrying French people, though
why is uncertain. Necessity of it
never has bothered them.
There is a use for Nevada, after
all. A shale-oil plant at Elko is
producing many thousand gallons
of crude oil daily.
Miss Robertson has all the op
timism, in the world in her cam
paign for renomination and that
counts a lot. V
' What Ed Howe will have to say
of Bill White and the governor of
Kansas will make interesting read
ing. Speaking films will 'take away
part of the charm. Some of the
"actors" must learn to talk.
De Valera is not in sight, but he
1b neither lost nor strayed.
The Listening Post.
By DeWIrt Harry,
M
ANY notables are better known
in other localities than at
home. Portland is no exception to
this rule. Joseph Andrew Galahad,
poet, was born in Portland in 1888
and died in the hills of Clackamas
county three months ago. He left
behind a heritage of verse that will
likely survive, for critics say Gala
had , was one of the world's real
poets. Most of his posthumous
verse is tn the possession of his sis
ter in this city, and she has turned
over some of his shorter works to
the Listening Post, for Galahad
wanted to leave something to his
beloved state, Oregon. Herewith
the first of the Galahad poems;
- ' THE IAXT. !
Somewhere there works the 'law of com
pensation ,
And some time it will get around to
you. ,
Don't build too much on Its procrastina
tion
This much is sure:- your note is falling
due.
You'll have toriay to life each jot and
measure
That you have, ever taken carelessly.
And back to you will come, like hoarded
treasure. .
The things you gave to life, higb-
handed, free.
For men . who work
And men who shirk
Have built this earth together,
J And each must weigh
. And each must pay,
From ton of gold to feather.
For every dream- that you have seen to
shatter,
For every hope that you have laid in
dust.
For every blow that came to bruise and
batter.
You'll find some time a reason that is
Just.
And every good that comes to you be
gotten (Though you may merely brand It
"luck somehow")
As Just reward tor deeds long since for
gotten, -
As the past was but the seedlings of
the now.
For deeds that sting
And deeds that sing
Have built this world together.
And debts so laid
Must all be paid
From ton of gold to feather.
You may believe that you've escaped the
pencil
That marks the records on the endless
book.
But you are there in clear, unerring
stencil
And all you need to do is go and look.
You may be clean to date small con
solation! You'll come a cropper ere your day is
through.
For somewhere works the law of com
pensation And some time It will get around to
youl
S . - - -The
chef at the Eyrie inn, just
across the mighty Columbia from
the Columbia Gorge hotel, has start
ed a brand-new joke circulating,
here 'tis.
It seems that some of the Port
land guests were not saucy or peppy
enough to go out hiking on the
mountain trails, so he conspired to
fix them up in his own way. He
had previously served tempting to
matoes galore right out of the gar
den, so his guests could ketchup on
pep, but this was not sufficient.
One day he phoned in an order to
Roy Heaman for two bottles of ca
pers. As nobody ever cuts any ca
pers in White Salmon, of course
there were none in stock, -- but
the drummer that handled the nu
merous varieties happened to be in
the store at the time, and right
then and there booked an order for
three bottles of capers..
Drummers are busy men and in
variably abbreviate when slipping
in an order to their firms. It was
quite evident that he wrote his
order thus: "3 B capers." Anyway,
the young clerk who filled the order
was either a new man or had been
out late the night before, put up
the order and shipped it.
Shades of good old Budweiser!
Heaman cast the goods on the, floor
in disgust. Royt is usually unper
turbed, but this got his Angora.
"What is it?" one of his clerks
asked
Wearily Roy replied; "Three
dozen beer cappers!" Billbates.
Hopeless is the male human who
never gets a reminder of happy,
care-free boyhood days. Cometo
man's estate it is possible to go out
and get all the ice cream or candy
or watermelons - one wants. But
we'll leave it to any grown-up boy
they used to taste better when they
were not so plentiful.
Did you ever watch them unload
ing watermelons? The big refrig
erator cars filled with glossy, mot
tled, luscious fruit? The careless
abandon with which the truck driv
ers and their assistants handled the
big melons? The chain they formed
and the endless stream of melons
that came from the interior of the
big car? How they" were tossed
into the truck and heaped until it
could hold no more? And how you
used to stand nearby with many a
silent prayer that some clumsy han
dler would let one slip and smash on
the pavement? ' And then how they
would do just that some time.
whether an accident or on purpose
you never stopped to inquire as you
rushed in and grabbed handfuls of
the rich, red, juicy interior and
buried nose and ears therein?
All this on a hot day, with your
bathing Suit tied about your neck
and the river inviting to cool dips
after the interior had been properly
Irrigated with ripe fruit. What
feast of manhood's days could com
pare with this? -
- , ' V - ' ' f
It was in Sunday school yesterday
when the bright youngster nearly
caused a revolt. The lesson was in
the Acts1 where Paul warned his
companions of approaching danger
and afterward said: "Sirs, ye should
have harkened to ihe," when 'the
storm burst On them. '-.-.
"Shucks," said the kid, "Paul was
just like the rest of us."
The leader, trembling at his
temerity, asked: "What do you
mean?" .
"He said, 'I told you so!'"
Not so many years ago the girls
used to dress up on Sunday. You
know put. on frillies, pile on the
hair, place hats, atop and then take
their parasols (or someone else's)
to church. '
How different today! Now they
put on canvas pants, an old cap,
plenty of complexion and go -out
hiking or mountain climbing or ca
noeing or auto riding. You can just
bet things are different from what
they were.
Those Who Come arid Go.
Tales of Folks at the Hotels.
' Ben F. Dorris, "filbert king" of
Lane county,' and S. S. George, also
of Eugene, were at the Multnomah
hotel yesterday. They were enroute
back home after having attended
the state convention of the Ameri
can Legion, which was held in The
Dalles. Both men have been active
in the legion in Eugene since its
organization. George is now the
post commander and Dorris is ac
tive in state affairs of the body. He
was urged to run for national com
mitteeman at" the state convention,
but refused to"permit his name' .to
be submitted to the delegates. "The
American Legion in Oregon was
never in better shape than it is to
day," declared Dorris. "The organ
ization is united in an effort to
make itself felt as a power in the
matters that tend to benefit the
state. No mistake was made in the
choice of George Wilbur for state
commander. He has been an active
member of the state executive com
mittee and has the force and the
wisdom that will make the legion
what it should be." Dorris arid
George made the trip home by auto
mobile. , '
Mr." and Mrs. J. A. Price, and Mr.
and Mrs: M. A. Whipple of Okmul
gee, Oklahoma, were guests at the
Benson hotel yesterday. They come
from a section of the southwest
which has grown exceedingly pros
perous during the last ten years
through the discovery and develop
ment of oil.. Years ago it was a part
of old Indian territory. When it
was joined to Oklahoma the Indians
were given allotments of land and
for a time owned much of the land
where oil wells now abound. Grad
ually . these allotments have been
leased and purchased from Indians
and are now in the hands of oil pro
ducers, but some of the redmen have
had the sagacity to hold on to their
lands and have grown wealthy from
the oil royalties and other revenues
derived from the development of
their lands.
Wallace Benson, prominent le
gionnaire -and attorney of Reeds
port, was at the Multnomah hotel
yesterday. Mr. Benson has been
acting as bonus attorney for Doug
las county since the work of the
state commission started. He re
ports that the mill men and the
other residents of his section are
anxious for the building of jetties
at the mouth of the Umpqua river
at Reedsport so that the harbor may
be deepened and shipping made
more successful. Lumber barges
now pass over the bar but they can
load only to a certain capacity. The
construction of jetties would make
it possible for bigger ships to move
in and out of the harbor.
Earl Blackaby of Ontario was
registered at the Imperial yesterday.
He was a delegate to the American
Legion convention in The Dalles and
following the adjournment came
here to spend Sunday before going
back to eastern Oregon. He was a
successful candidate for delegate
to the New Orleans national con
vention of the American Legion,
which will be held in October. Since
the legion's first organization in
this state he has been active in its
affairs and has materially aided in
making the post at Ontario a suc
cess. -
The business of administering the
affairs of the United States Veter
ans' bureau in the district of the
northwest is no small job, but it
is- the .responsibility that rests
upon the shoulders of L. C. Jesseph,
who was at the Portland hotel yes
terday. Mr. Jesseph's headquar
ters are in Seattle, but he frequently
comes to Portland, where an office
of his . organization is located. He
was here for a short time while en-
route home after attending the con
vention of the American Legion in
The Dalles.
Hard luck has been the portion
of Mrs. A. Yerger, mail clerk of the
Multnomah, since she started her
vacation in a "Jitney" several flays
ago. She had not seen her sisters,
who were touring through this sec
tion, for some years. They were
traveling by automobile and asked
her to make use of her new machine
and follow them to southern Oregon.
They took her young son and fol
lowed in the "Jitney." Yesterday she
wired employes of the hotel: "Ford
has been shaken to pieces. Have
lost the party and my son. Never
again."
Ther6 was a smile on the face of
Ross Finnigan, chief clerk of the
Benson, yesterday that' could 4ot
be erased. The reason for all of
the smiles was that a baby girl ar
rived in the Finnigan home yester
days "What did you name the
youngster?" Finnigan was asked.
"I was going to name it Harry, in
honor of Harry Carroll, the cashier,
but since it was a girl I'll have to
call off that name. Before Car
roll's baby arrived he promised . to
name it Ross, in honor of me, but
it turned out to be a girl also."
Mr. and Mrs. Augustus Thorn
dike, who register from Boston, are
guests at the Multnomah hotel.
They are members of an old Bos
ton family and for the first time
are seeing the beauties of the Pa
cific coast. Yesterday they were
on the Columbia River highway,
which they had a desire to see be
cause of the many stories of its
wonders that were told them by
friends who had previously visited
Oregon.
Daniel Boyd, business man of En
terprise, was at the Portland hotel
yesterday. Mr. Boyd Is one of the
main cogs in the machinery of the
republican party in his section of
the state. He was a delegate to
the last republican national conven
tion and later, after Harding was
made president, was an applicant
for one of the ministerial posts in
the South American republics.
Six days each week are sufficient
for any business man to work, in
the opinion of E. T. Haltom, mer
chant of Tillamook? When these.
six days are ended Mr. Haltom us
ually bids farewell to business cares
for a brief period and comes to
Portland. He was in town yester
day and his name appeared arrrong
those of the guests of the Portland
hotel.
When it comes to size, James M.
Kyle,, mayor of Stanfield, compares
very favorably with George L.
Baker, mayor of Portland. Mr.
Kyle, who is .an extensive wheat
grower, was in Portland yesterdays
and his name appeared upon the
register of 'the Imperial. He' re
ports that a fair wheat crop will be
harvested in Umatilla county this
season. ' .
Jack S. Magiadry and wife of
Eugene were guests at the Imperial
yesterdayf Mr. Magiadry is a busi-
ness man ofhe Lane county me-
tropolis, but he is active in politics
and has his hand in most of the
political matters of his county.
Mrs. E. O. McCoy of The Dalles
and Mrs. G. N. Crosfield of Wasco
- , . v. n r, ..... i j i . . i
Were K UCOll HI L11C UI uaim uuiei
v..v Mr, hn.hann
a banker and mill man in The Dalles
and Mrs. Scofield is the wits of a
merchant of Wasco. , i .
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright, Houghton-Mifflin Co.
Can Yon Answer These Questions t
1. How soon does an evergreen
tree begin to grow cones?
2. Have we any native pheas
ants,? '.
3. A're sharks any use?
Answers in tomorrow's Nature
Notes. -
Answers to Previous Questions.
1.- What part of the marshmal-
"iow plant ,g UBed ln making tne
candy?
The root, which is thick, gives out
a mucilaginous substance which is
combined with confectioner s sugar
to make, the tender paste called by
the name of the plant. All candy
thus named is not necessarily made
from the root of Althaea officinalis,
as gum arabio or even gelatine can
be substituted.
2. - Why do angora cats have tas
sels in their ears?
We cannot possibly say why. It
is a characteristic, like the ' plumy
tail and long coat of this breed.
Cats are not the only animals so
ornamented there is a squirrel in
the west, the plain-backed Sciurus
aberti ferreus, "which has ear tufts
part of the year, shedding them in
spring, and acquiring new ones by
early winter, during which season
they last. This squirrel lives at an
elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet in
Colorado foothills perhaps it needs
ear muffs!
3. Is there any practical use in
bird study?
Yes, a great deal; quite aside from
the question of understanding the
economic value of birds to agricul
ture. Various industries profit as
bird. study- increases. Manufacturing
bird houses, etc., has become
real trade. Opera and field glasses,
nature books, colored pictures and
similar things, sell better through
bird study. Some summer resorts
have increased patronage by adver
tising bird-study opportunities, and
various transportation businesses
undoubtedly take in additional
money as more persons go on bird
hikes.
PURPOSE OPERATES UNIVERSE
Intelligence of Atom Is Not Co-oper
ative but Must Be Directed.
PORTLAND, July 29, (To the Ed
itor.) The true pessimist Is he
who denies the continued existence
of man on a spiritual plane. Such a
man is palpably on a mental and
moral plane of tne mammal to
which his vertebrae entitles him
Why the need of morals to such a
one? Why law! Why effort? Why
indeed existence at all? It would
all be purposeless and useless.
It is absolutely true that only the
child mind has the chance of enter
ing heaven. Jesus knew this as a
scientific truth when he said to his
disciples: Verily I say unto you,
whosoever shall not receive the
kingdom of God as a little child, he
shall not enter therein." The prin
cipal difference between the child
mind and the average adult mind is
that the child mind is open to re
ceive information and instruction.
while the adult mind is closed by
prejudice and self-conceit. When
the mind is thus closed it can re
ceive neither information nor would
it obey instruction., and heaven 's a
place where we must learn things
and where the happiness of the indi
vidual lies in obedience to instruc
tions. It is thus easy to see why
the individual who retains thechild
mirteYs desire to learn and who is
capable of humbly and lovingly
obeying Instructions is the only one
capable of entering heaven, and that
is true of the state of heaven her
as well as hereafter.
Intelligence is not inherent
matter but it'is manifest in matte
through matter. It Is true that
every atom is endowed with intelli
gence, but its share is compatible
with its function. To assume that
atoms are endowed with co-opera
tive intelligence is absurd. Their
functioning is directed by a purpose
in which they have no self-conscous
part. This is true in a greater or
less degree with all life below th
status of man. For this reason an
':open-minded observer is forced to
the conclusion that there is intelli
gence and purpose operating in the
universe, irrespective -t physical
matter. Whether this intelligence
has shape and form,-finite intelli
gence has not been able to deter
mine, and for all practical purpose
the knowledge of that intelligence
as an operating force or law
sufficient. The great mistake
theology has been to assign to that
intelligence the shape and form of
man because a philosopher in ages
past told us that man was made in
the image of God. The tendency
ever since has been io conceive God
as the image of man. It is not our
vertebrae that connects us with the
image of God, it is our capacities
and powers, our ability to reason
and to will. This we have in com
mon with (the Great Creative Intel
ligence whose law and will is "BE."
Not until we realize that we have
will and reason in common with that
Great Creative Intelligence, the
ability to give cause and to deter
mine effect, do we realize our God
image and our tremendous poten
tialities. The law of evolution does apply
to man psychologically as well as
physically, but only his inherent ca
pacity is determined by his nervous
system, not the quality of his
I thought, for that is determined by
wm. ttis moral responsibility Is
determined by his capacity; he will
not get a reward for that which he
has not earned, nor will he suffer
for what he cannot understand; he
can achieve heaven or hell only to
the measure of his capacity. With
out his self-conscious soul his brain
structure is just so much unrespon
sive mush. The little atoms, with
their share of intelligence, will seek
other affinities, other combinations,
when the directing power of the
brain has ceased using those par
ticular atoms, but the directing
power or energy is not lost to the
universe; energy is just as inde
structible as matter, and like mat
ter. it takes new forms, or rather I
should, say that because energy
forms new patterns matter takes
form. .Thus God is energy plus
matter. Matter is two kinds, phys
ical and spiritual, and whether man
shall continue to operate either
kind as a self-conscious entity de
pends on himself because he has the
ability to choose.
MRS. M. A. ALBIN.
Largest Telescopes In World.
PORTLAND. Or.. July 30. (To the
Editor.) Which is the largest tele
scope in the world?
CONSTANT READER.
The largest refracting telescoDe in
, th6 WOrld is at Yerkes observatory,
1 Geneva Lake, Wis. It has an object
lens 40 incnes in diameter and a
focal length of 64 feet. The largest
reflective Instrument is at Mount
Wilson observatory, Pasadena. The
mirror .s 100 2-3 inches In diameter.
I "
' . , i,
The second largest reflecting
in
strument is at the Dominion astro
nomical observatory, Victoria, B. C.
It has a 72-inch reflector.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montague.
UNEQUAL COMBAT.
Above your heads with wings out
spread,
He vigilantly hovers
To find the place upon your face
Unmuffled by the covers.
If you expose an inch of nose.
Though blankets thick surround
it.
With whinning notes the insect
gloats
To tell you he has found It.
Amid the stark and Stygian dark
Which insulates your vision.
He flaps his wings and shrilly sings
His paean of derision.
Full well he knows that some repose
Must soon or later claim you,
And when it does, with one fierce
buzz, '
He'll fall upon and maim you.
Turn out the light and out of sight
The evil bug will scurry.
He bides his time when plotting
crime
He's never in a hurry.'
But, by and by, once more you'll lie, -
A slumbering Collosus,
Arid in your heel or ear you'll feel .
His venomous proboscis.
Compared to him you're strong of
limb ' ... -
A giant of creation
Yet how you fear when he draws
, near
His tintinabulation! ,
Your intellect you might expect
So mean a thing would dazzle.
But ln a fight at dead of night
He'll lick you to a frazzle!
Dragging.
According to the returns, a lot of
people seem to think the income tax
is something they don t need to sub
scribe to until the government starts
drive.
Plenty o Victims."
Mosquitoes never have any trou
ble in obtaining subjects for blood
transfusion experiments.
Job Hunting Family.
Charles W. Bryan, candidate for
governor of Nebraska, has a brother
who also used to run for office
every now and then.
(Copyright, 1922, by Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
I
In Other Days.
Twenty-Five Years Ago.
From The Oregonian. July 31. 1S9T.
Carrying 40 treasure seekers, 450
tons of freight and 130 horses, the
steamer George W. Elder sailed
from the Ainsworth dock last night
for Alaska. Thousands of people
were at the dock to wave farewell.
Scottdale, Pa. A crisis is ap
proaching in the miners' strike and
bloodshed seems inevitable. Con
siderable firing has been going on.
Havana. Havana's outposts were
again attacked last night by parties
of rebels, who before the Spanish
troops could get into action, swept
through several suburbs.
-Jimmie Sheridan, well known um
brella surgeon, was fined $50 in po
lice court yesterday for throwing
rocks through the windows of the
Garfield hotel. That the inmates
were "guying" him was the old
man's defense.
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Oregonian, Juiy31, 1S72.
Berlin. The czar will leave St
Petersburg in a month for a visit to
the emperor of Germany.
Brookville, Kas. A passenger
train on the Kansas Pacific railroad
fell through a bridge at Coon Creek
station yesterday, and killed five
people.
The Washington guard is to have
an inspection of clothing and ac
coutrements at the armory this eve
ning. Members of the organization
will govern themselves accordingly.
We called yesterday at the offices
of the Willamette Bridge company
and inspected plans for the new
Willamette bridge.
Editorial Strikes Home.
BAY CENTER. Wash., July 29.
(To the Editor.) Let me commend
The Oregonian for its editorial en
titled "Mr. Hughes' Idea of Educa
tion." I only wish there could be
some way to tKake every school
patron read it, ponder it, commit it
to memory .mil use it as a litany.
I speak from the standpoint of a
citizen, a humble school director, an
earnest friend of education real
education.
In saying real education I mean
an education -that presumes willing
ness and develops capacity for men
tal effort; an education that gives
us "the wrestling thews that throw
the world."
Your editorial is sorely needed.
Even The Oregonian, within the last
year, in a brief paragraph, sug
gested that if a pupil fails to be
interested it is the fault of the
teacher, but your present editorial
makes more than atonement.
We have great lack of public sen
timent which will support the
teacher who teaches the habit of
work; who inspires a love of work
if possible, but exacts the work
anyhow.
I might with ample cause enlarge
and use strong adjectives, but 1
could not improve on what you have
said. L. L. BUSH.
V :
Diction Is Faulty.
PORTLAND, Or., July 30. (To the
Editor.) Which of the following
sentences is correct and why?
"Mr. Blank came here five years
ago, having charge of. a grocery
store until five months ago."
"Mr. Blank came" here five years
ago, having had charge of a gro
cery store until five months ago."
It is agreed that the sentences
could be improved.
PORTLAND READER.
In each sentence a participial
phrase is used suggesting an ele
ment of time which does not cor
respond with the tense of the essen
tial verb, "came." Change the
participial phrase to the beginning
of the sentence, and the fault be
comes plainer:
"Having charge of a grocery until .
five months ago, Mr. Blank came
here five years ago." The other
sentence is just as bad.
Restoration of Mall Service Desired.
MERLIN, Or., July 29. (To the
Editor.) A newspaper dispatch
says that postmasters are required
to clip items bearing on postal serv
ice. Mail from Merlin to Gold
Beach was discontinued last Novem
ber. We have been eight months
without mail. The postmaster at
Merlin says he must have all the
concellations or go out of business
He is a democrat. The inspector of
this district te a civil erve man
and a democrat, making it s bad
as possible for this administration.
We would like our old service re
stored mail every day except Sun
day, allowing the mail carrier to
carry passengers and freight.
SUBSCRIBER,"