8. THE MORNING OREGQNIAN, SATURDAY, , JULY 29, 1933 ESTABLISHED BY HENRY L. FITXOCK Published by The Oregonian Pub. Co., 135 Sixth Street. Portland, Oregon. C A. MORDEN, E. B. PIPER, Manager. Editor. The Oregonian is a member of the As sociated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to ihe use tor publi cation of all news dispatches credited to it ox not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dis patches herein are also reserved. Subscription Kates Invariably in Advance. (By Mail.) Daily, Sunday Included, one year . . . .58.00 Daily. Sunday included, six months . . 4.2S Daily, Sunday included, three months 2.25 Daily, Sunday included, one month . . .75 Dally, without Sunday, one year 6.00 Daily, without Sunday, six months .. S.25 Dally, without Sunday, one month. .. .69 Sunday, one year 2.50 (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday included, one year $0.00 Daily, Sunday included, three months 2.25 Daily, Sunday included, one month.. .75 Dally, without Sunday, one yeaT 7.80 Daily, without Sunday, three months 1.95 Daily, without Sunday, one month.. .65 How to Remit Send postoffice money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postoffice address in full, including county and state. Postage Bates 1 to 18 pages, cent; 18 to 32 pages. 2 cents; Si to 48 pages. 3 cents; 50 to 64 pages, A eents; 66 to 80 pages, 5 cents; 82 to 96 pages. 6 cents. Eastern Business Offices Verree & Conklin, 300 Madison avenue. New York; Verree & Conklin, Steger building, Chi cago;. Verree & Conklin. Free Press build ing, Detroit, Mich.; Verree &. Conklin, Monadnock building, San Francisco, Cal. DANGEROUS AND UNCERTAIN. Th9 state tax commission is re quired by law to meet in December, estimate the amount of money nec essary to support the state govern ment during the ensuing year and apportion that sum among the sev eral counties. The several counties collect the state tax, together with other taxes, the first half by April 5 and the second half by October 5 and forward it to the state treas urer. The amount of money so raised for the cost of state govern ment cannot exceed by more than 6 per cent the amount raised for the same purpose in the preceding year. Now it is proposed in a measure submitted to the people that all or part of the sum so needed for state government and thus apportioned and collected, shall be raised by a tax on incomes. Income tax rates are specifically fixed by the pro posed law. But the income tax need not be paid before October. If the income tax law be passed, fhe state tax commission at its meeting next December will be . without- any estimates as to the amount that will be produced by the new law. It will be wholly un- able to determine what proportion, if any, of the state's requirements must be apportioned to the several counties there to be raised by a tax on general property. If it makes the guess that the income tax will produce all the money required by 'the state, the state will have no tax revenues until October of next year. Then if the income tax revenues fall below the state requirements the year will end with a deficiency, increased by the payment of inter est on state warrants during much of the year. If on the other hand the commis sion underestimates the income tax revenues and levies a tax on gen eral property, the constitutional prohibition against increasing tax ; revenues more than 6 per cent will have been violated and the excess ",' levy will be void. This is on the . assumption that the income tax is a substitute tax and not an addi - tional tax, and comes within the 6 per cent limitation. But there is some doubt as to whether the income tax- comes within the 6 per cent limitation. The proposed law provides that the income tax revenues, together with other state Sax revenues, . shall not exceed constitutional limitations. But the income tax law, if adopted, will be adopted by vote of the peo ple, and special taxes voted by the people are not limited in amount by the constitution. And although the apparent intent of the proposed law is that income .taxes shall not produce an amoni) in excess of 6 per cent more than the sum now levied for state purposes, a. rough estimate indicates that income tax ; would in fact produce more than that sum, in contravention of the constitution and the terms of the law itself. Three prospects will therefore confront the people if the gradu ated income tax passes: , 1. If it does not come within the 6 per cent limitation it is an addi tional tax a tax additional to that total which now consumes a sum equivalent to the value of all the cereal and vegetable crops and half the fruit produced by Oregon. It will yield new and additional revenues with the inevitable conse quence that general property taxes will not be reduced, while , those . property owners and others who have assessable incomes will pay income tax also, to the benefit and comfort of the growing army of tax eaters. 2 If it comes within the 6 per cent limitation, it will probably, by , application of the inelastic rates set forth in the law Itself, produce a sum in excess of that permitted by the constitution and will conse quently be void. , 3. In any event it will be un workable in connection with present taxation laws, and under the most favorable circumstances will re move the state from a cash basis in meeting current expenses. Few, if any, -of the many freak laws that have been submitted to the Oregon voters have contained more dangers and uncertainties than the graduated income tax measure. 1 "If all the timber in Coos county was burned or destroyed in , any manner there would not be much left," reflects the Coos Bay Times. "The timber makes possible work for over 4000 men in this section That which is true of Coos county is, broadly speaking, true of the Pacific northwest.The agricultural possiDiiiues would remain were the forests suddenly to vanish, but great natural wealth, potent for a long period of future prosperity, would no longer contribute to the . general prosperity. The need for redoubled precautions against the fire hazard is emphasized by the fact that in Oregon and Washing ton stand the last great coniferous . iorests or tne continent a nentage that means much to the American people. Public education as to the importance of the timber resources and the enforced necessity, for great caution with fire, must soon be undertaken on a scope hereto fore undreamed of. Men must understand that carelessness . is productive of such disasters as can not be remedied. NO CASE FOR A COMPROMISE. When the labor board gave' its verdict as to what wages the rail road managers should pay the shopmen, it did not state a mere basis for negotiation. It declared what the people, who " will pay through the railroads, hold to be just, and that should be final. The real question in the strike is whether the shopmen shall accept this decision, not whether the rail roads shall pay and the shopman accept the wages awarded;' it is whether both shall accept the boarfi as final arbiter in such dis putes. The people are ready to up hold the contention that both must accept; , for they want railroad strikes abolished and - they regard this as the only way. , By engaging in informal negotia tions with the strike leaders, trying to coax them back to work and sug gesting that it may heat the case all' over again, Chairman Hooper of the labor board- loses the moral strength of Its position and fritters) away the moral support that It has won from the publie. A decision of the board should be considered in the same light as that of a judicial tribunal, except that the board re lies for its enforcement on the sup port of public opinion and on the protection by the federal govern ment of men who accept work at its terms. ...... By entering upon negotiations with a view to compromise between the railroads and the striker. President Harding furthex-weakens the position of the board. .Offer of a rehearing is an admission of doubt as to the justice of the board's decision, and restoration of senior ity rights would relieve the strikers of the principal penalty for having refused to abide by that decision. A promise by both the railroad executives and the shopmen to, ob serve the board's decisions here after would be worthless if ' their conduct on,this occasion should be condoned. Compromise would en courage employes to strike again, executives to evade the' labor board's jurisdiction again. Both parties should be required to re store conditions as they existed be fore the executives began to con tract repairs outside of their shops and before the shopmen struck. Only then would the shopmen have the proper status to ask rehearing. Compromise out of court, as it were, would make the loss already suffered by the public through the strike complete and final.. A firm stand for the principle that the public interest is paramount, that men who accept employment on railroads accept the jurisdiction of the labor board as a substitute for the right to strike, and that the board's decisions must be taken as final might prolong the strike, but it would establish that principle once for all. Compromise ' means surrender ,of that principle, and would open the: prospect-of a series of strikes. Haste to escape the present trouble ' would store up much trouble for the future. MORE SHIPS MEAN MORE DOCKS. y Addition of nine vessels to the American-Hawaiian fleet, giving fortnightly service from Atlantic and gulf ports to Portland and other Pacific ports, has been made necessary by the great extent to which the water is used in inter coastal traffic. Cargo is offered so freely that the ships how on the route have proved inadequate. The rate war for that traffic has en abled steamship lines to reach farther inland from the Atlantic and gulf coasts for it and thus to capture a larger volume from the railroads. . Ability to do this has been increased by the contracting of space far ahead, which insures full, cargoes and continued opera tion of the enlarged fleet. Together with addition of three vessels to the Columbia Pacific's trans-Pacific fleet, this expansion of the intereoastal fleet justifies the action of the dock commission in adding to terminal No.-1 and in ex tending the piers at terminal No. 4. Already enough ships are in oper ation and in immediate sight to oc cupy fully, both these extensions of facilities. There is no reason to doubt that the number of ships ply ing to this port will continue to in crease. Commerce has barely be gun to rise above its lowest level and, as trade conditions stabilize all oyer the world, we may expect a constant increase, of which Port land will get its share. In order that we may have sufficient docks for the additional ships, it will be necessary to keep dock construc tion well ahead of present needs, for quick dispatch is a strong at traction to shipping. As the bulk of intereoastal cargo consists of parcel lots for up-town merchants and manufacturers, at tention .should next be turned to erection of more docks in the upper harbor, above Swan island. Dredg ing of the west channel to project depth and width and acquisition by the Port of Portland commission of a stretch of Guild's lake frontage point that way for appropriate sites. Further frontage in the same vicinity can be secured in connec tion with filling of low land, both in Guild's lake and on Mock's bot tom. Widening of the west channel by removal of half of Swan island will provide further frontage on the island. In that manner dock sites can be secured for a -considerable period in the future without direct expenditure of money for their pur chase. - - The aim should be to keep the facilities of the port always a lap ahead of its immediate needs. ' Re suits in the shape of rapidly in creasing shipping business have so fully justified past expenditures, begun when there was far less in prospect, that this policy can be pursued with confidence. A NEW FISHING STATUTE. A- Georgia legislator has Intro duced a bill which proposes, twenty years imprisonment for any mar ried man who goes fishing without his wife's consent. Further it would provide that if she consents to the expedition, and he returns without a catch, she may cancel his future permits and bid him beat the car pet. Plainly the patent of the west upon broad humor is expiring bv default, and something really should be done to remedy the situation. Must we trust to the unintentional jests and witticisms q our own lawmakers for legislative diversion? Alas, they often fall far short of funniness. Yet it is reasonable to assume that Senator Dennis Fleming of Georgia intended no , merriment when he wrote the measure. He had seen strong men, restrained from -a normal- avocation : by, Mr. Volstead, turn to the dissipation of angling and become overnight, as it were, unreliable husbands and mendacious raconteurs. He per ceived peril to Georgia, the alarm ing danger of over-indulgence in cat-fishing. Idle rogues sat by the river and the lake, from sun-up to nightfall, and trailed idle lines in idle water. , Frequently they came home to a hungered and com plaining family without the spoils that fundamentally furnish an ex cuse, to angle. They spoke fair words, bvt specious, something after this manner: : - "My dear, he was a dinger! Bent the rod almost double, and took hiding under the. pine snag at the north shore the very place where I hooked a big old fellow last sum mer. If 'it hadn't of been for that snag I'd of fiad him. He must have been-three feet long!" The cold and uncongenial silence that often is the aftermath of such a narrative, or the more vigorous warmth of some appy, retort, is well known to all anglers and their wives. Homes liave been cleft by the whopping tale of the one that got away. Reputations have been blasted. The initiative of Georgia In first admitting these truths,and facing them, is a sad commentary on the Oregon system, for in stance. 1 - AN ATTACK ON ' AN INSTITUTION. ' Af e we no more to feel the tingle that comes with a packet of gov ernment free seeds? To plant the early beaXtSie stringless, and the tender cufly-leaf lettuce, .with the soothing thought that a paternal government has not forgotten us? Further, we ask, what would be come of the -old-fashioned garden, the garden of marigolds and mig nonette and Chinese pinks, were it not for the (lowers that a benevo lent congress tosses to us in care fully assorted packets, of seed? What, in ta.ci, has become of it? These be pertinent questions. They are voiced with an emphasis that should ever attend an utter ance for American rights. And rightly, for an impertinent voice has risen in our congressional halls to ask why in the name of Ceres, she of the harvest, the provision of free seeds to the constituency should continue. There it is argued that we do not harvest the Minne sota extra early sweet-cOrn, a splen did table variety, nor avail ourselves and our gardens of the Chantenay, a long, pale-golden carrot suitable either for stock or table. What of it? It is even suggested tjjiat con gressmen, under whose franks the seeds go forth to the home folks, have the base and ulterior motive of vote getting, rather than any deep desire to witness the agricul tural rehabilitation of the vacant lot. Mayhap they do. Yet from, observation and ex perience we know full well the joy that comes with government seeds, the faith that burgeons, even though the dwarf peas, sow one inch apart, do not. We-know that free seeds have come to be an in fallible portent of the vernal sea son, that they do more to stir the bucolic fancy of thin-chested clerks and adipose freeholders than all the bulletins ever "compiled on ag ricultural art since Plato wrote of the onion, as he must have done. And we regard with disdain the circumstances that later on' the offerings of the Italian vendor and the public market stall entice us from hoe and rake, and that the increasing warmth of sflmmer sun strangely cools the gardening ar dor. . . Free seeds and free speech must not perish from our land. The dis tribution of free seeds is an annual event, summoning thousands of wishful gardeners whose thoughts so dwell upon salsifyj and spinach, and beets and Swedish turnips, and radish and roastin' ear, that in des peration they finally rush and buy them from the truck gardener. There is an Interest in free seeds that amounts to a fellowship, the interest of folk who are willing, with confidence in their govern ment, to trust to its recommenda tions on -rutabagas, and to spend for hot house tomatoes that which would otherwise have gone to the private seed store. Shrouded in antiquity is the origin of the ci torn some say that it originated with the department of agriculture, and that it was relinquished to con gress that the franking privilege might expedite it but time and practice have hallowed it, and only an impious hand would seek to lay it low. As a matter of fact, and wholly aside from the garden, the tradition of free seeds enables many a man to observe that, in a time of towering prices and mone tary exactions, free seeds alone maintain their freedom. COMPARISONS THAT. ARE ODIOUS. Pertinent and unflattering com parisons of crime in America and Great Britain, to the decided dis- aa vantage oi tne former, are made in a recent issue of the Lon don Times, and by an American Winthrop D. Lane of Croton-on Hudson. For while Mr. Lane, who seems to have a bent for statistical delving, denies that the presumed crime wave in nis native land: is, a fact, he points an accusing finger at his tables, which show us inva very poor light. None Jcomplain of the quality of British justice, hence it is logical to assume, on the basis of this showing, that not only are the courts and ;- laws of England just, but that they function sbme how to a greater discouragement of crime than do ours. For the purpose of his compari son in summary Mr. Lane selects the city of Cleveland, rightly as serting that it is one of fairest and most typical of American metropol itan units. Yet, Cleveland in 1920, he relates, with a population of 800,0(Jv, had six times as many murders as London, with a popu lation of 8,000,00.0. The disparity is enormous, in every sense of that pliant words and exerts a revision upon our concepts of London largely gained through olden liter ature and modern thrillers. For we had peopled its alleys and frowsy lodging houses with . characters akin to Mister Bill Sikes, and its splendid hotels and cafes -with master criminals. , London like Paris, was to most of us a sort of rendezvous for the high and the low of the criminal world. Continuing an unpleasant task. Mr. Lane informs his readers that ! for every robbery or assault with Intent to rob, committed in London during 1920, the American city re corded seventeeh such crimes. And Liverpool, one and one-half times as large as Cleveland, is a.. Sabbath school student of fair and shining face In contrast. In 1919 Cleveland reported thirty-dne robberies for every one reported in the great British seaport, and three times the number of. murders' and man slaughters. Having thus strikingly depicted the American plight, the statistician welds his argument with the flat statement that "more robberies and assaults are commit ted in Cleveland every year than in all England, Scotland and Wales combined." - It is 'scarcely to be marveled at that' complacent Englishmen, over their tea and the Times,, find quiet delight in reading long articles anent the question: "Is America, civilized?" JMr. Lane reminds them that of all nations we are probably the least homogeneous, and that an unassimilated foreign element In each large "city, making for a con fusion of standards and an absence of settled habits, largely contributes to our evil record. But he'finds, as well, that our industrial organiza tion is at fault through permitting protracted seasons of unemploy ment; that our courts are tardy and that we make little or no ef fort to correct criminal tendencies: Since reflection over his statistics has taught us to be .wary of as sumption, we may no. more than hazard the belief that our under standing of the criminal with a view-to reformation is as studious as that of -England. But we are forced -t the admission that both Unemployment and tartly justice are'prolific of criminal evidences in America. In this country, too, there is a false public perspective toward crime. Save when it touches the individual American he is in clined to regard criminality as he regards his favorite magazine and the latest motion picture release. J,t mitigates the dreariness of ex istence. It affords the topic of the day. The record of crime is to him somewhat recreational. Nor does his Improper attitude toward crime end in this lively Interest. He re gards the prosecution of each "crim inal, of sufficient note to interest him, as a play of legal hazards; and through this quaint conception frequently loses sight of the offense and its merited punishment. Such men, their minds molded by long custom, often sit on juries. Our administration of justice is tech nical to a fault., . , Our trials drag interminably, and the law's delays contribute to the farcical aspect of the course of justice.- In' instances of unquestion able guilt, where evidence and tes timony are complete and damning, months and years often intervene before convictions are secured. With a frequency tiat is notorious such legal malingering terminates in acquittals. In. an English court but twenty-six days were required to convict and sentence to -death the murderers of Field Marshal Wilson. This instance has been cited in proof of the expedition of British justice, and is qualified for citation granting that it more or less ac curately gauges a majority of cases. Yet when notable men are assas sinated in America we also would expedite justice. Czolgosz, assassin oi President McKinley, was con victed twelve days after the death of the president, and executed a month later. The sentence and ex ecution of Guiteau, assassin of President Garfield, were less expe ditious but no intolerable length of time intervened. Such instances, however, are not a proper basis for comparison, but do show that jus tice in America can under some cir cumstances be expeditious enough. Proof that something is lacking, either in our popular attitude to ward law and order, or in the ad ministration of our courts, rests in the unanswerable contrasts of com mon crime in Great Britain and America. - ' . Many will recall when Multno mah county lost a few hundred thousands in the failure of a local bank and commend Treasurer Adams for "hanging on" to-securi-ties pledged to safeguard city funds in a bank that suspended awhile ago. . Three new nations,-- Latvia, Es thonia and Lithuania, have been officially recognized by the United States. The ' unemployment situ ation among candidates for minis terial and consular jobs shows steady improvement. ' Orchards in Marion and Polk are suffering from depredations of rab bits, probably survivors of the Bel gian hare craze. Like dandelion and daisy, a pet affair becomes a pest when neglected. ' The Polish diet has passed a vote of, confidence in President Pilsud ski. Any old kind of a diet with that name in it would get a vote of confidence in this weather. The Beavers started to bat old John H. Gloom over the fence Thursday. To be sure, it was only Seattle; but all they need is to aim higher. - , It's said that fashionably dressed women next season will be wearing aluminum hats. Aluminum stock ings would, be more to the point. The allies decline to recognize the Russian soviet government, but there seems to be a fairly amiable speaking acquaintance. The stretch between Beaverton and the Hillsboro park is a great speedway, but dangerous to the ex tent of fatality. . Landis, Hays and now Augustus Thomas make the triumvirate to govern the amusements of the people. Instead of his desired place in the sun the kaiser seems to have gained . a permanent seat in . the shade. : Those ;pesky policemen really mean it when they order the weeds cut. - Say it with showers, Old Sol, say it with, saowers. ... Adore Truth Than Poetry. By James J. Montague. TRIFXIN'G REVISIONS.,. If I were a writer of movies (And it isn't my fault that I'm not) I do not believe that I'd seek to , achieve Any new or unusual plot. would use, I am sure, all the old ones -. That are filled with time-honored romance In the old-fashioned style but, just once in a while, . I would give the poor villain a chance .,'.- Tbe typical deacon, for instance. Who is threatened with bodily harm By the hero, who vows he will fight for the cows . And the pigs on his dear little farm. The deacon has furnished the money On the mortgage (as every one knows). And if I wrote the play, and the folks didn't pay The interest, I'd let him foreclose. And then there's the typical scoun drel, With moustachib neatly in curl. Whom the hero knocks out when he finds him about ' To kidnap and marry the girl. There isn't a doubt that he loves her, To lose her would blight his whole life, And if I wrote her part .1 would soften her heart And make her the poor fellow's wife. And as for the typical burglar, With the family plate In his bag, Who is shot through the chest and put under arrest Ere he gets any. good from his swag. I would think of his wife and his children If I were arraneriner the olay: How happy they'd be if the burglar went free And I'd let him get safely away. Starting- Her In. Just to. keep her employed, Eng land ought , to give the new Irish Free State an immediate mandate for Russia. -. With the Same Absence of Reply. Formerly "Where did he get it?" was said of a man's money. Now it is said of his hootch. Not a Chance. ' Somehow or other there are never any sissolutions of partnership or clostng-out sales of coal. (Copyright. 1922, by Bell Syndicate, Inc.) FRIENDS OF PRIMARY WILL ACT Framers WHI Prepare Changes to Carry Ont Osjgtnal Purposes. PORTLAND, July 28. (To the Editor.) The decision of Judges Kelly and Bingham that voters reg istered as democrats, or anything else, may swear in their votes at the republican primary election- w based wnoily on the language of section 463t of the Oregon laws. mat law was made by the legisla ture in 1915 and 1917. There was nothing-.like it in the direct primary law. Seventy-five or 80 or the 90 representatives and senators in both sessions were republicans. Answering your question of last Saturday as to what I shall do about it: Hon. A. L. Mills was president of the league that proposed the di rect primary law to the people. . A few days before the primary elec Hon In May he suggested that it would be well to reorganize the league. He thought the experience witS the operation of the law should enabie. its authors and friends to agree on amendments that would more nearly obtain the results ori ginally expected. All the former-members to whom I have mentioned Mr. Mills' sugges tion have heartily approved the idea. We shall try to do this work early enough next fall to allow am ple publicity before the session of the legislature. The following from me preamDie may be of public in terest to remind the voters of some results that were expected from the law: Under our form of government, po litical parties- are useful and necessary at the present time. It is necessary for the public welfare and safety that every practical guaranty shall be provided by law to assure the people generally as well as the members of the several par ties, that political parties shall be fairly, freely, and honestly conducted, in ap pearance as well as in fact. .-- . . The government of our state by its electors and the government of a political party by its members are rightfully based on the same general principles. Every po litical party and every voluntary political organization has the same right to be protected from the interference of per sons who are not identified with it ea its known and publicly avowed members, that the government of the state has to protect itself from the interference of persoBS who are not known and regis tered as ;ta electors. It is as great a wrong to the people, as well as to the members of a political party, for one who is not known to be one of its mem bers to vote or take- any part at any election or other proceedings of such political party, as it is for one who is not a qualified and registered elector to vote et any state election or take any part in the business" of the state. . . . The people of the state and the mem bers of every political party and volun tary politicai organization are rightfully entitled to know that every person, who offers to take any part In the affairs or business of any political party or volun tary political organization in the state is in good faith a member of such party. . . . The purpose of this law is better to secure and preserve the rights of political parties and voluntary po litical organizations, and their mem bers and candidates, and especially of the rights above stated. W. S. IPREX. - THE LOXG TRAIL. J Oh, I've traveled and I've hiked For to find a place I liked, And I've searched this ll'l old world From pole to pole. Seen the palaces of kings. And a million pretty things, But at last T"hit the back trail For my goal. Oh, the trailwas hard and long, But I traveled with a song, For I pictured what was waltin' At the end; And the days were long and weary A.ndi the nights were long and dreary But at last I reached the cabin On the bend. ' . r Oh, each needle of each pine Was to me a golden mine, And I found the plain old river Was the prettiest of all. And I found the little shack, After all had called me back, And I'm glad that I have answered To its call. DORIS COOPER. FRIENDS. Old, kindly friends, whose coarsened . hands, Smooth from my forehead, fretful cares away. And bid my grief be still; Who gently loosen all the clinging bands Of self, and softly fill My .soul with peace, my heart with joyous play These are my friends the duties of - today. MARY ALETHEA WOODWARD. Those Who Come and Go. Tales of Folks at the Hotels. Evidences of the railroad strike are apparent in crossing the conti nent, according to . George Netrher Jr. of Roseburg, who arrived In Portland yesteTday from Atlantic City. It Is not uncommon) to see. a freight car in the ditch, pulled away just far enough to give clearance to passing trains, and at one place he saw a locomotive and train of cars with wheels in the air in a corn field. There is such a shortage of men that the derailed cars cannot be put back on- the tracks. The up set train had been in the cornfield for -three weeks when Mr. Neuner saw it. Passenger locomotives are breaking down and freight locomo tives e being used, which means slow time and until he reached the Union Pacific, Mr. Neuner says his train was never ..punctual. He was traveling on one excess fare train when the rods on the side gave way and a lot of the machinery fell out and another excess fare train, fol lowing, had- an engine which .went bad. Going across the country Mr. neuner says that upon inquiry he found the direct primary system condemned and that in various states there was a demand for some Improvement, amendment or modi fication to the present plan. It was while on the train coming to Port land that Mr. Neuner read in, the dispatches that Dr. Brumfield had lost out and will have to hang. Mr. Neuner was the prosecuting attor ney for Douglas county in the Brumfield case. Speaking of the strange forma tions In central Oregon, Fred N. Wallace of Tumalo, discussed the earthquake fault which can- be seen near Lava Butte, south of Bend. This fault, a wide, open gash in the rock, can be traced easily for miles into the Sisters country. Recently, according to Mr. Wallace, a boy hunting rabbits in the Sisters sec tion, near the earthquake fault, found a hole from which a breeze was blowing. . He returned home, told his father and the latter, wid ening the hole with a pick, uncovered- a large cave, which ha not yet been explored. Mr. Wallace is re turning to Tumalo with everything arranged for the new work on the irrigation enterprise. The bonds, $500,004), were deposited in a Port land bank yesterday and next week ttrfe United Contract company will begin its worje. The job consists of a diversion dam, 5 miles of canal; a quarter-mile tunnel, a quarter mile siphon, 2 miles of ditches and iVt miles of 10 feet 10 inch metal flume, and a storage dam at Cres cent lake. Mr. Wallace says the project will have the longest steel flume in the United States. Forest fires are something new to the Wright brothers of Chicago, who are at the Benson. Frank E. and Charles E. Wright had their first experience jyith forest fires on the Columbia river highway. The vis itors were riding over the highway and were commenting on the smoke from the burning trees. Presently they felt the temperature increase rapidly, so to get away from the proximity of the forest blaze they speeded up but the faster they went the hotter things became: " Finally one of the brothers glanced back ward and discovered that the rear of the automobile was in flames and they had been sitting over a very brisk fire. "In jiffy time they climbed out- and battled to extinguish the flames., ' ' , ' Until he arrived at Salem Thurs day, Fred Wallace, a son of F. N. Wallace of Tumalo, Or., had never seen a streetcar nor an elevator. Yesterday his father -vwas busy showing the youngster' escalators, skyscrapers', ocean-going steamers, and other', interesting -features around Portland. One request the boy made could not be granted. He wanted a ride in the subway and on the elevated trains, but Portland is short on those methods of trans portation. "There are njore people 1 on one side of one of these Port land streets," observed the lad, "than in all those hick towns I saw coming here.". That there is a great deal of in terest in the proposed 1925 exposi tion lr Portland .Is the declaration of H. O. Cartoziani Portland mer chant, who has returned to this city following a trip to New York and return, via Los Angeles and San Francisco. Mr. Cartozian said that everywhere in the east he encoun tered 'people who were anxiouB to learn about the fair and said that they were planning on visiting Portland at that time. Many of these "people contemplate locating somewhere in the west. . Business condition's in Tac'oma are coming back in good shape follow ing the readjustment, according to T. J. Bell, proprietor of The Bell Press of the Washington city. Mr. Bell arrived in Portland yesterday to attend the sessions of the Red men here. "Tacoma is forging ahead in good shape," he said. "We think better than our neighbor" to the north." ... Miss E. R. Barton, daughter of C. A. Barton, man&er of the Boise Payette Lumber company, and the white pine mill at Emmett, Idaho, Is at the Multnomah. Miss Barton is with Mr. and Mrs. W- W. Morse and daughter, who- are touring the west.- Mr. Morse is in the laundry business in Minneapolis, Minn. Having . been on a visit In Alas kan waters, W. H. Edwards arrived at the Imperial -yesterday on his way to Oakland, Cal., where he IS a member of the city commission. Mr. Edwards went out to the high way yesterday afternoon in com pany with local officials. . Naturally, with Hood River one of the great, apple producing sec tions of the state, vinegar is one of the by-products. C. J. Calkins, who has the apple vinegar factory at Hood River, is at the Hotel Ore gon with' Mrs. Calkins. - W. H. Morrison and wife of Boise, Idaho, are at the Multnomah. He Is a member of the contracting firm of Morrison & Knudson, which has repeatedly bid on Oregon state highway work in eastern Oregon. John A Nelson, mayor of the town of Bay City, on Tillamook bay, is registered at the Multnomah. The same base line which, runs along East Stark street also runs through Bay City1. F. P. Leinenweber, treasurer of Clatsop county, is among the ar rivals at the Hotel Oregon. A. H. Brown of . Laurel, Wash, is at the Hotel Oregon. Mr. Brown is a logger and sawmill man. Just. Like the White Folks. Portland Advocate. The Morning Oregonian of Wednes day, speaking of colored folks and suicide, says: "A negro is reported to have com mitted suicide here the other day and no reason is known for the act. Of course not. It is psychologically and every other way impossible for a negro- to take his own life. This must be a white man masquerading." Now, The Oregonian knows, at least, it ought'to know, that the col ored folks are doing everything that the white man is doing, even down to stealing chicken. - . Burroughs Nature Club. Copyright, Honghton-MIfflln Co. Copyright, 1922, by Houghton Mifflin Co. Can Yon Answer These Questions? 1. What part of the marshmallow plant is used in making the candy? 2..WJiy do angora cats have tas sels in their ears? ' 3. Is -there any practical use in bird study? Answers in tomorrow's nature notes. - ' Answers to Previous Questions. 1. How can I tell all the different kinds of sparrows? You have an ambitious task. There are 17 varieties listed for the gen eral region of New England, and 44 for the district between the great plains and the Pacific. Better learn by heart tha size and markings ot onesof the common sorts say song or vesper and then go on a bird hike, looking for just that one va riety as described by a reliable bird handbook".. When you are familiar with its marks, manners, note and habitat, gradually add to your store of sparrow identifications, one at a time. 2. What fishes will fight mos quito larvae ? Goldfishes are efficient and much used in Japan to do scavenger work in ornamental pools. The roach, or golden shiner, feeds on wrigglers. The top minnow, Gambusia affinis, is excellent, being at maturity hard ly two inches long, so that it can go to the shallow edges of ponds. It feeds by habit at the surface, where wrigglers congregate. This minnow is native to many bodies ol water in the south. Some small sun fishes also prey on wrigglers. - , 3. Please tell me how to exter minte elder-bugs. They are medium large brown bugs with red bellies, have wings, fly during warm months, and crawl all over the win dows In winter. We have box-elder trees in the yard. Correctly named, belong to the huge family Coreidae. According to Sanderson & Jackson, "common throughout the Mississippi yalley and great plains, where it is a se rious enemy of the box elder.'' Pick off adult bugs, using strong kero sine emulsion spray on non-vegetable surfaces. Any spray strong enough to kill adults will hurt vege tation. Infested vines should be burned to prevent spread of the in sect. You might try a "trap crop" of mustard or kale which, if they will go - en it, can be ruthlessly sprayed. In Other Days. Twenty-Five Tears Ago. Frdrn The Oregonian of July 29, 1897. Portland is beginning "fairly to quiver with the Klondyke -excite ment; the air is alive with rumors of daring schemes, especially of new transportation enterprises. Washington. A cable dispatch says that the question of the Clay-ton-Bulwer treaty has been raised in the British parliament in con rlection with the proposal to annex the Hawaiian islands to the United States.; Collector Ivey, who 'has gone to Alaska to assume charge of the cus toms district of that territory, has specific instructions from the treas ury department to enforce to the letter the executive order restricting the importation and sale of liquors in Alaska. Fifty Years Ago. From The Oregonian of July 29, 1872. Savannah. r Edwin. Delson, ex Confederate diplomatic agent, de nies the authenticity of the Confed erate archives purchased fly the ad ministration and the plot to burn northern cities. , Paris. Stanley, the tamous ex plorer, arrived here today. He Is to dine with Mr. Washburn, the Ameri can ambassador. Yokohama. A new form of re ligion ha9 been decided upon by the government, after a long and care ful consultation with three of the most celebrated exponents of each sect, and all will be forced to ad here to the new enlightened and simple religion, adapted to common sense, for the approval of all. JUST WHAT DID WALTER SAY? WiU he, or Will He not Reduce Taxes as Governor? Oregon City Banner-Courier. Walter M. Pierce, candidate for governor this fall, must have disap pointed his audience of enthusiastic supporters, when on Thursday night last he told the Democratic club of Portland that- while taxes were so high as to be unduly bur densome and confiscatory, he could not promise any marked reduction if elected governor. He' must have noted the look of -disappointment on their faces before he added that he felt sure of his promise that they would go no higher. . In explaining why taxes would not be reduced he pointed out that the interest . on the state bonds must be paid and the schools must be kept up to the present standard of efficiency. . In speaking of the state income tax, initiated by the grange, he" re iterated his endorsement of the measure, but suggested that the legislature could remedy defects next January. - In this attitude Mr. Pierce does not) measure up to his bold and decided stand on these political issues of a few months ego at the beginning of the campaign, nor even later when at the Democratic banquet in Oregon City he declared his desire to be known as the "veto governor" and. would if elected cut off il,500,000 in taxes through use of the veto. In justice to the candidate it must be said that he will not pass, it elected, on all expenditures - of the state and that taxes under the pres ent bonded indebtedness will include large sums of interest and that our educational institutions must be well maihtained. But in spite of all this, Mr. Pierce or any other candidate, should go forward with the expressed deter mination to curtail expenditures and hold government costs down to a basis which will mean a marked re duction in taxes. A cut of $1,500,000 on a total of $9,000,000, the amount of state tax this year, means a cut of over 16 per cent. And this will mean, if done, a marked reduction. It is hoped Mr. Pierce has been either misquoted or "that he failed to qualify his statements to conform to his former declarations which have made him formidable in the race for governor. In the matter of the income tax the candidate should be specific. A law which on the face of it shows defects, as he indicated in his speech and which voted by the people is at once to be tinkered with, by the leg islature, should be made as plain as possible to the voters. Otherwise, with suspicions thus aroused, they may kill it at the polls and thus defeat the measure containing the paramount principle for which Mr. Pierce stands in his campaign for the governship. To vSearch f or Frozen Fleet That Haunts North Pole How mundsen. has set out to verify the Eskimo legend of ghostly ships and perhaps' to touch the pole is related in illus trated article to appear in The Sunday Oregonian. Beauty Contest Grows Apace Judges in The Oregonian's contest all experts in feminine beauty, declares article illus trated with photographs of contestants in tomorrow's papert News of Beaches and of Resorts Special department devoted to activities at various recrea tion centers in the Sunday paper. IN THE MAGAZINE Women Still Die for Lost Love Four outstanding instances confound the cynics who hold that women no longer take love seriolisly. One Day in Jazz Factory . Classics of all ages are being murdered by would-be com posers, declares humorous ar ticle- on jazz. Portland Ice Cream Takes High- Honors Tricks of trade discovered in local plant place it ahead of others, says article by DeWitt Harry. Poverty Haunts Genius of Brush Off years drive masters of art to menial labor as means of appeasing hunger. ' Father of Country Is Again Honored Chief Justice Taft plants tree on grounds of George Wash ington's ancestors in England. More Sketches by W. E. Hill "Summer Sports" is title of another full page of drawings of intensely human character. Many Trick Liquor Receptacles Appear European novelty manufactur ers do big business, but flap per rum sleuths are on the trail. New Story by Eden Phillpots Hitherto unpublished fiction feature to appear in tomor row's paper has interesting plot. . .- ' OTHER FEATURES Christian Church to Lav Cornerstone Cigarette evil to be hit by preacher. News of churches of city told in church depart ment. Periwinkle Blue Is Popular Color Latest modes and styles for summer wear told in the fash ion department. Equip Horses With Radio Children instructed in riding bv wireless telephone, says illustrated article in radio-de partment. Married Life of -Helen and Warrem Bobby drives mother to dis traction by pouring, glue on his head for shampoo. ' New Road Opens Oregon Caves Scenic wonders of Josephine county now accessible to mo torists as result of comple- i . r i i lion oj. nignway. News of Movies and the Stage The amusement fan is kept in touch with various activities by departments in The Ore gonian. Development News and Business Activities Portland is a rapidly grow ing city and every day the marks of this development as a seaport, a business center, are brought to -the reader of The Oregonian in illustration ' and article. All the news of all 'the world fqund in The Sunday Oregonian Just Five Cents