10
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 2f, .1933
ESTABLISHED BY HENRY X. PITTOCK
Published by The Oregonian Pub. Co.,
135 Sixth Street, Portland, Oregon,
a A. MORDBN, B. B. PIPER.
Manager. Editor.
The Oreyonlan fs a member of the As
sociated Press. The Associated Press is
exclusively entitled to the use for publi
cation of all news dispatches credited to
it or not otherwise credited in this paper
and also the local news published herein.
All rights of publication of special dis
patches herein are also reserved.
Subscription Rates Invariably in
Advance, v
(By Mall.)
Dally, Sunday Included, one year . . . .18.00
Daily, Sunday Included, six months . . 4.25
Dally, Sunday Included, three months 2.25
Dally, Sunday Included, one month .. 75
Dally, without Sunday, one year ..... 6.00
Dally, without Sunday, six months .. 3.25
Daily, without Sunday, one month.. .60
Sunday, one year 2.50
(By-Carrier.) - .
Dally, Sunday Included, one year . . . .19.00
Dally, Sunday included, three months 2.25
Daily, Sunday Included, one month. .. .75
Dally, without Sunday, one year 7.80
Dally, without Sunday, three months. 1.95
Dally, without Sunday, one month.. .65
How to Remit Send postoffice money
order, express or personal check on your
local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are
at owner's risk. Give postoffice address
In full, including couv.ty and state.
Postage Rates 1 to 11 pages. 1 cent;
18 to 32 pages, 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, 3
cents; 60 to 64 pages, 4 cen.s; 66 to 80
pages, 6 cents; SI! to 96 iaEes, 6 cents.
Foreign postage double rate.
Eastern Business Offices Verree &
Conklln, 300 Madison-avenue. New York:
Verree & Conklln, Steger building, Chi
cago; Verrea & Conklln. Free Press build
ing, Detroit, Mich.; Verree & Conklln,
Monadnock building, San Francisco. Cal.
THE THREATENED RAILROAD
2 ,. STRIKE.
Again the American DeoDla are
Z threatened with a general railroad
strike because the members of the
Z railroad labor board representing
the public agree with, those repre
Z eentlng the railroad companies that
waga Bojoiiiu do reojuceu. i.ne
3 owners' representatives may be pre-
eumed to be biased) the employes'
representatives have clearly shown
a like state of mind by the tone of
" their dissent, which contains a di-
Z rect incitement to strike. Yet the
representatives of the public can
2 have had in mind nothing but Jus-'
j tice between owners and employes
as best serving the general interest.
- They are placed in the position of
1 umpire. Their Integrity not being
t questioned, their impartiality is
Z assured by the fact that the public
interest would suffer, whether cost
of transportation was kept at too
- high a level by payment of exces-
sive wages or wages were reduced
Z on railroads below the general level
Z and below the minimum necessary
; for decent subsistence. In a con
j troversy such as that which Is pend-
ing, somebody must decide. Who
- is better qualified to render a just
" decision than representatives of the
" people who must finally pay in one
Z way or the other who must pay In
Z excessive rates or inferior service
; on the one hand or in impaired
character of two million men
- among the nation's best manhood,
- as well as In diminished purchasing
Z power, on the other hand?
Z The railroad unions accept no
J decision to which the employes'
; representatives on the board, do not
2 assent, but say they will rather
fight it out y a strike. Thus they
Z deny one of the ruling principles
of the transportation act, which is
Z that the public's interest in trans
; portation is paramount, and that
j this Interest requires that railroad
labor disputes be settled without
I strikes. They propose to return to
the old practice of settling disputes
by depriving the people of service
until one party had forced the
; other to surrender or to compro-
; mise. They appear not to care hew
r much the public the innocent by-
Z stander suffers through these in-
1 dustrial hostilities provided the
Z railroad men get what they want.
; In fact they cotmj the injury to the
; public as a powerful influence to
; bring the' railroad companies to
- their terms. That is the plain ln
Iference from the statement of John
L. Lewis, head of the striking
.:;.miners, who has been In conference
J with heads of railroad unions on a
- combination of their forces. The
- following passage from a news dis-
i -patch is open to no other interpre-
..-tation:
Mr. Lewis said that all industry, is
"largely a matter of transportation, and
1 -approximately one-third of the business
,-of the railroads is hauling coal. "A
strike of 1,000,000 or more railroaders'
. he contiuned, "would thus cause such a
-r Uislocation of all industry that the conn-
'" try would soon be prostrated and the
j-lrsilroad and mine corporations would
oeme to terms with their workers.'
That utterance evinces a purpose
t produce the very effects on
which the United States supreme
court, founded its unanimous dec!
sion in the Coronado case that a
striKe is a conspiracy to restrain
, , or monopolize interstate commerce,
..If that be the law with regard to a
strike at coal mines In one state, a
. v. strike affecting all railroads and all
-" -union coal mines in all states would
surely fall under the same conde-m
nation as a far more extensive re
straint of interstate commerce.
Public opinion would not counte
riance strict application of this con
' struction of the law if it were
- -y proposed to apply to the railroads
a standard of wages below that
I " which prevails In other industries
, " involving equal skill and risk, or
; out of proportion to the cost of liv
; - ing. On the contrary, the labor
board saya that it -does not order
reductions equal to those made for
. similar workers in other Industries,
s for it rejects the idea that it
"Should be controlled by the one
; consideration of the low wages that
- may be paid to other labor in a
period of temporary depression and
, .unemployment" and that "railway
, t.. managements have indicated no de
; s sire for such a result," Its deci
eions are based on the interstate
commerce commission's reports on
t wages and on reports of the bureau
of labor statistics on cost of living.
As to one class of employes th
"- board says that, the reduction still
; leaves the standard of living 12 per
; Z cent above that of 1915. Compari
; j-son of average railroad, wages an
- of living cost, taking the average
.for 1915 aa a basis, shows that
. Wages have risen above cost of liv-
4 ing since the beginning of 1918
; .Cost of living showed a larger in
J crease from August, 1919, to Au
gust, 1920, but at the latter point
wages rose materially while prices
... began a precipitate fall, which con
tinued to the end of 1921, and the
' . hourly rate of wages is farther out
; of proportion.
Railroad men surely know th
general facts, and they cannot ex
rr : pect to maintain a scale of wages
-a considerably above that which pre
Si. vails In other industries, nor can
""; they expect public sympathy in the
effort to do so by a strike by which
.. the public will suffer and which
if successful, would impair the
, prospect of lower rates whereby all
would benefit through lower prices
and more general prosperity. Nat
urally railroad men present every
possible argument against having
their, wages cut and receive the cut
with a growl, if only to make cuts
as few and as small as possible;
few men are so angelic as to re
ceive lower wages with a welcom
ing smile. For these reasons the
men affected almost unanimously
vote authority to their union offi
cers to call a strike, not that they
want to strike, but that they wish
to" supply a weapon for use in
making the best terms possible and
to insure that the labor board shall
know that on such occasions it
must have an unanswerable case.
There are compensations for the
railroad men. They may be sure
that the reduction in cost of rail
road operation caused by wage re
ductions will soon be made the
ground of a further reduction of
rates, which will be reflected In a
decline in prices, in other words a
fall in living cost. Reviving indus
trial activity is- steadily decreasing
the number of idle freight cars in
pite of the large number put out
of use by the coal strike. We may
expect that crops will begin to
move In two months hence, and
that4-by that time the coal strike
will end. The number of ldie cars
should then shrink to that normal
ly out of repair, railroads should
have all the traffic they can move,
and their net earnings should rise
above the standard rate of return.
That condition should cause rates
to fall farther with the effect that
rates will fall and that prices will
follow, not only as a direct effect
but in consequence of stimulated
production which will increase sup
ply of goods In proportion to de
mand.
Not the wage scale alone is be
ing reduced; prices are forced; down
at the same time, and the natural
result will be that lower wages will
buy as much as higher wages have
bought when prices were at the
peak. If that should not prove to
be the couirse of events, it will be
time to strike at those who artifi
cially keep prices up. In such a
strike the railroad men would have
the public as an ally.
Ont FESTIVAL OF ROSES.
The advent of our fifteenth rose
festival, at the height of the floral
season, compels again the attention
of the city to n.n esthetic apprecia
tion of life. The business routine
of any year, whatever Its dramas
and comedies, la at best plain and
methodical, and dedicated' to prac
tical things. Such is its nature that
affords scant time for apprecia
tion of the tint of a petal, or the
fragrance of a bursting bud. One
would say, if he were not privi
leged to enter the Intimacy of
home, that we had been dulled by
too much beauty and were far from
realizing the poetry of flowers. Not
ith- intent so to do, the festival
disproves this while proving at
the same time that the soul of a
city is that of a poet.
The festival finds its Inspiration
in the true worship of beaiuty, as
told in flowers, and no doubt It
leaves with the celebrants refreshed
concepts of the Influence of beauty
in life. If this were not true, then
the celebration of the festival
would be mockery. Indeed, it is
regrettable that some persist In
weighing the worth of three days
in June by their not Improbable
advantage as civic propaganda. We
are told that the festival is bringing
fame to Portland, and urged to its
continuance by such an argument,
If it should so transpire, all the
more fortunate are we but at no
time should we mistake the inci
dent for the aim.
The rose festival is sufficient to
itself. It is of and for Portland.
One .would like to think that no
motives of selfishness had worked
for its perfection and that nothing
mattered save its lesson of beauty.
In the presentation of a spiritual
ideal, in the yielding of tribute to
those fairy-folk, the flowers, It
were consistent always to shun the
contact of materialism.
REASON OR INSTINCT?
That instinct plays a leading role
In the. thought of wild creatures
seems certain, but instinct alone
does not always suffice to explain
their preferences and conduct. Al
most the observer is" forced to
acquit them of Instinct and admit
that they reason. Why should the
water-ouzel, foraging along the
bank for food, carry its edible dis
coveries to the stream and there
wash them before eating? Here
we have an Instance of the instinct
of appetite restrained' by an 1m
pulse that seems not In the least
instinctive, though generations of
the birds have practiced it. It is
obvious that friend- ouzel Is finical
and will not tolerate sand on his
food. Water washes away sand
ergo, to tne water, instinct, or
something else?
An eastern poultryman, experi
menting in the rearing of wild
ducks from the egg, was amazed' to
discover that his mallards brought
off larger and stronger broods
when permitted to build their own
nests in natural out-of-doors con
ditions. Instinct undoubtedly ac
counts for this preference, and the
infallibility of wild Instinct was
sustained by the eventual hatches.
At least we have come to classify
such stubborn traits as nesting in
natural surroundings as among the
instinctive urges. Yet there was a
sufficient though unrevealed reason
for the preference the definite
lack of something In the one con
dition that was supplied in the
other. This lack it was that the
excellent ducks perceived. Why
instinctively?
To the contrary, and still dwell
ing upon the selection, of nesting
sites- there are abundant evidences
that these are not always wisely
chosen demonstrating that either
instinct or reason is deficient, it
matters not. Yet if instinct were
the rule, the code, one would imag
ine that every bird would unerJ
ringly seek an ideal nesting spot
A pair of brown house-wrens, fond
ly believed to be that chattering
couple of wee home builders who
returned each April, had long made
their nursery in the walls of an
abandoned shed, tgaining entrance
through a providential knot-hole.
When the urge was on them In
another spring it chanced that the
family washing decked the clothes
line. Into the swaying sleeve of a
waist they poked twigs and straw,
the merriest wrens within a miie.
Without regret the waist was aban
doned tothem a most mistaken
course. Almost at the hour of
hatching a rude west wind lashed
the garment and the eggs were
broken. Instinct should have told
those foolish little birds that so
unstable a site was not for their
treasures they who for intermin
able generations had frequented
knot-holes.
Not far from Portland this spring
a robin built her nest on the raft
ers of a train shed, though trees
were within a stone's throw. Con
cealment there was none, nor was
there turf beneath for the fledg
lings to tumble on when first they
left the nest.. Like the wrens who
nested in the waist, and who were
foolish thereby, she had been de
serted by instinct and was courting
sorrow. Instinct, then, does not
always apply and If instinct is not
conscious cerebration why has it
left its post? As good a guess as
any- is that the instinct of wild
creatures is more akin to reason
than we will admit, and that lapses
from long custom only serve to
prove this theory. The lapses be
token a revolt against custom, how
ever unwisely decided upon ' and
connote thought.
SO FUNDS.
Riches and pride are evanescent.
Money takes wings. Roscoe Ar
buckle is broke. Oddly enough the
fact that this once famous film
comedian no longer owns the
sesame of gold does not perturb
the reader. Is there a trace of
elation,' not spiteful, but retributive,
in the thought? House, car, friends
and money, alike gone from him.
Roscoe Arbuckle is broke.
Money, we take It, ought of right
to be his who most deserves it. In
a topsy-turvy world such is not
always, or often, the case. Profli
gates have incomes they cannot
squander! though they exhaust vice
and vitality ln the attempt. Nig
gards and nincompoops axe some
times abundantly blessed with bank
balances. Yet once m a while for
tune tips the beam and down they
tumble, even as Fatty of the films.
Shall we not smile to see their
fall? It were less than, human
not to.
Why shouldn't Roscoe Arbuckle
be flat of purse? True, he escaped
the courts and brazened' it out "be
fore the world. But the nemesis
of his folly filched from him all
his goods, and justice not ade
quately, perhaps, but to some ex
tent has been served. He goes
the way of all wasters, all Incom
petents, all merry morons who are
suddenly required of life for an
accounting and discover their defi
ciencies. The years will roll over
him now.
FJLYING CP TO 185,000 FEET.
The altitude attained by the air
plane from which Captain Stevens
jumped with a parachute the other
day, making a safe landing, lacked
a few feet of the record of Lleuten
ant Hamilton, made a year ago last
March, but it was amazing in the
respect that it was the daring
jumper's first attempt of the kind
and that it was successful notwlth
standing the loss of the oxygen
tank with which he started. But
even more interesting are the con
clusions of the experts of the war
department.
Brigadier-General Mitchell of the
air service points out that by
demonstrating the possibility of fly
ing at approximately 25,000 feet,
the aviators have conquered two
Important obstacles. One relates to
war, the other to peace. At about
five miles in the air the craft would
be practically immune from attack
from the ground. But, better than
that. If it could go a little higher
it probably would be able to avoid
storms, a fact of great importance
In commercial aviation. Moreover
it would have the advantage of air
currents which would greatly accel
erate its rate of travel. The feat
of crossing the continent in a single
day, upon which theorists have
speculated lor some time, is
brought perceptibly nearer by Ste
vens' performance.
In fact, flying at 25,000 feet in
volves principles differing only in
degree from those governing ascent
to twice the distance. Adventitious
aids, both for the engine and the
engineer, are required- in either in
stance. Data obtained as the result
of the adventure of Stevens and his
companion are likely to prove of
tremendous moment. It reminds
us that - incidents are occurring
almost every day and receiving lit
tle notice that constitute definite
steps In the scientific progress of
mankind.
ENTER THE FLIWERBOOB.
Reckless motorists have been
variously denominated, in times of
stress, to the utter exhaustion of
all possible epithets and frequent
ly with a gifted and fluent preci
sion .that would quicken the envy
of Long John Silver himself. The
age, however, is one of standardi
zation, In nomenclature as In navy
beans. Hence the want has long
been felt of some, comimon term
that, by its general descriptive in
clusiveness, would fittingly describe
the madcap morons of the public
thoroughfare. Casting about for
such an appellation, the American
Automobile association recently of
fered a cash prize to the member
who should suggest the sought for
name. Of the ten, thousand-names
coined In response to this plea that
of "fliwerboob" was awarded the
palm. We are told that, in its
province, it may and should be
applied to those -motorists who as
such are comparable to the "jay
walker" among pedestrians.
Fliwerboob! Doubtless the day
shall dawn wherein men will strip
to their shirt sleeves and fight to
disprove it. Facetious police judges,
who must have their pun beore
punishment, will preface fines and
imprisonment with this scrap of
slang-compounded. To be known
as a fliwerboob will bring the
mantle of shame to many a hither
to unblushing maniac. All this and
more the A. A. A. had In mind
when it convoked its members to
evolve the term. What, then, is 4
fliwerboob? Alas, there are so
many of him, so versatile a variety
is he, that no single definition quite
suffices. Like charity, he covers a
multitude of sins.
First among fliwerboobs, beyond
dispute, is the fool for speed. He
is premier of the fraternity and by
his crash, men know htm. Until
the time of . tragedy his course la
littered with dead hens. More
menacing than an army with
spears.
Is it not permissible to nominate,
also, the informative yawp who
turns ever from the wheel to dis
course With affrighted friends in
the rear seat? That farm, he. tella
us, was sold ten years ago for $20
an acre. Today heaven send he
misses that post at the turn! it is
worth $200. Jump, doggie for
your life! A friend of the under
taker. J '
Consider as well the thirty-
second degree fliwerboob whose
delight It is to disport on slippery
pavements, newly strewn sand and
the treacherous country clay. He
demonstrates that any automobile,
driven by a congenital idiot, is
more blithe under such circum
stances tham the unbroken broncho
of the range, more agile than the
catamount more deadly than, jug
gernaught. By. his skid you shall
know him.
And we are equally of the opin
ion that the witless wight who. for
ever "demonstrates" his car is of
the elect in fliwerboobdom. He
stands on. his neck, a peer among
his peers. A train thundering to
the crossing, a daredevil chance,
she can do sixty a tossed and bat
tered wreck beside the right of
way. Here, coroner, was manifest
ly an error in Judgment. We, the
jury ...
Of almost equal prominence
amorfg the lackwits of the road is ,
the fliwerboob whose joy it is to
stimulate the plugging pedestrian;
to make him Jump like the young
gazelle, whatever his years; to
curve his back and flutter his dis
tressed coattolls -and to leave him,
nearly always, im a most laughable
condition of fright and frenzy. Yet
sometimes to leave him frightless
for ever after. To stamaner in
court and, over and over, tell why
he didn't think and how "It" hap
pened. His stand is where the
ambulance stops.
Is he not a fliwerboob who.
learning that his brakes are not
working perfectly, saves time and
takes a chance? He sees the child
in the roadway, the truck in the
offing, but the brute mechanism
hurtles him horribly onward. He
is a gambler whose stake is human
life, and, additionally, perhaps the
most Incomprehensible outlaw of
them all. Hop In, I think they'll
do.
An " infinite variety of them,
whose so lei lack seems common
sense. It may be taken aa tritely
true that a fliwerboob is always a
deficient, not precisely normal, not
right bright," as folks used to say
of the unfortunate not exactly all
there. In brief, a mental mechan
ism with defective brakes. Other
definitions of the fliwerboob will
occur to many who ponder their
own experiences, their hairbreadth
escapes, their exciting episodes. He
is not to be mistaken, for anything
else. '"'.'
As to "the excellence of the term
itself, the prefix Is operr to crit
icism.' Not only does it fasten
opprobrium on a most . reliable
friend, but it Implies that boob
motorists are addicted to the fliv
ver. Such is not the case, as a
generality. To any observer it Is
evident that fliwerboobing is apt
to manifest itself through the
agency of the more expensive auto
the elements of pride and price
apparently serving to arouse delu
sions of grandeur in the driver.
Nevertheless the term has a popu
lar flavor, and- so often and per
sistently has the fUwer itself been
ridiculed, the target of a thousand
jests, that no- doubt it can bear with
this one which is well intended.
Not long ago the Inland Empire
Automobile association, of Spo
kane, conducted a similar contest
for a name to fit the reck
less driver. The choice fell- to
"speediacu" clearly descriptive but
wholly without tang. The predic
tion is ventured that it never can
be popularized. For that matter it
remains to be seen whether the
public will adopt the more facile
term of fliwerboob. The public
may prefer to consult its own in
spiration, depending upon the cir
cumstances to coin something com
mensurate with each offense.
"Jim" Casey, local representative
of the Milwaukee system, who died
Monday, was of the old guard of
"tackhammer" men who, as travel
ing passenger agents, spread the
merits of their lines over the coun
try. They held their jobs because
of their personality and they got
the business. They had a canny
way of knowing who was contem
plating a trip, wedding or other
wise; and landing him. Portland
had a number of them and they
w a fine lot.
, An. Oregon girl who has made
records at the Round-tip is break
ing .precedent by seeking a jockey
license' oni eastern' tracks. Depend
on her to show'them if she gets it.
Fishermen all over will note that
a rainbow trout 34 inches long was
taken in one of the Klamath lakes
the other day and came to Oregon
for real sport.
Portland can do as well with any
other flower, except, perhaps, the
night-blooming cereus, and she
would not be afraid to tackle that.
An auto thief on parole from
McNeil's stole another car and has
to go back. There Is no use "fool
ing" with one who has the habit.
The. Hawaiians want Oregon
trout to plant in their streams, but
no Oregon trout would feel right
that far away from home.
Balloting in lreiand seems to
have faviored the democrats, if par
tisans of De Valera's republic can
be called republicans."
The really singular thing about
these new vitamines the scientists
are talking about is that they come
without extra charge.
Well there's one comforting
thing about this Hague conference.
All the conferees will be equally in
Dutch together.
Chicago has a man of 69 with
five wives. He lived with one
thirty-seven years before he "went
crazy.
Tne Mouormick operation re
vives all the "monkey business"
that had been allowed to slumber.
The lighthouse at the mouth of
the Willamette should not be aban
doned. It's a landmark.
Hale won easily the senatorial
nomination in Maine. The Hales'
always do that there.
Portland needs afloating grand
stand upon occasions.
Those Who Come and Go,
Tales) of Folks at the Hotels.
"Instead of spending money to
advertise Oregon and bring people
here to sea the state, the thing to
do now is to spend the money en
tertaining and educating the visitors.-
It is no longer a matter of
attracting outsiders they are com
ing here by the thousand and they
can't be stopped, so the thing to do
is to see that they are properly tak
en care of," declared B. V. Carter,
banker of Ashland, Or., who is at
the Imperial. "A tremendous num
ber of tourists are now on the road
and our camp- at Lithla park is
crowded. Every day and night the
camp has a throng of machines
from all over the country. We have
engaged a high-class. Intelligent
man to take charge of the camp
and he is diplomatic and knows how
to handle the people, giving them
information and advice. We have a
big open-air fireplace, cooking
plates, shower baths and show them
where to get the different kinds
of mineral water and what each
water is especially good for. Now
we plan buying a. lantern "and every
night giving an entertainment
showing the scenic and commercial
resources of Oregon, so that the
visitors will want to remain as long
as possible in the state. We charge
50 cents a night for the first two
nights, then 25 cents a night for the
next four, nights, after which the
four-bit charge is imposed. Few
complain of the nominal charge for
the accommodations, and those who
protest are a class of people who
wouldn't toe much benefit to a com
munity, anyway. I was a little du
bious about the camp fee at first,
but I am convinced now that it is
the proper thing." Mr. and Mrs.
Carter drove to Portland to attend
the Rose Festival.
"As soon as we struck the Oregon
state line the air felt better and
cooler and every prospect pleased,"
claimed Sam Thompson, wheat
grower of Umatilla, who is at the
Benson from Pendleton. Mr. Thomp
son and Willard Bond of Bond Bros.,
Pendleton merchants, went to Cal
ifornia several weeks ago and are
now preparing to return home. They
left before the primaries and Sam
swore In his vote at Salem. Be
cause of his Identity with the Pen
dleton round-up Mr. Thompson had
been Invited to be one of the Judges
at the round-up held at Sacramento,
and he met the cowboys and cow
girls who ride in the Pendleton
classic and they greeted him as an
old inena. Mr. Thompson ana Mr.
Bond went to the Rotary convention
as representatives, and as they are
also Shriners they attended the fes
tivities in San Francisco. In driv
ing back Mr. Thompson declares the
sultry heat in California was most
disagreeable for two days, which
was all the more reason that Oregon
looked good to them when they
reached the line and struck the
hard-surface pavement of the Pa
cific highway.
"There are SO miles of the Yel
lowstone trail in Montana, of which
250 miles are improved, more or
less," states W. H. Lynch of the
Montana highway department? who
Is in Portland attending a highway
conference. "We have about 25
miles of hard-surfaced pavement in
Montana outside of the cities. There
is no state money for road construc
tion and counties receive 50 per
cent of the tax from motor vehicles.
There is a gasoline tax of 1 cent a
gallon which, instead of going Into
a road fund as in Oregon, goes to
the school and general fund."
Speaking of crop conditions, Mr.
Lynch says that Montana now has
plenty of moisture and the best crop
prospects since 1916.
"Cave day is next Monday, and
everyone is invited to the celebra
tion which Grants Pass is prepar
ing," said John Hampshire, as he
checked out of the Hotel Portland
last evening. "The caves are one
of the real wonders of Oregon, and
every native and every tourist
should see them. The government
is taking special pride in the caves
and with the state has contributed
toward building a good automobile
road to the entrance. Means of Il
luminating the caves are now being
considered. For the celebration
June 26 a big time will be staged,
and it will be one of the real events
of southern Oregon." ,
Samuel Pepys, who gossiped about
1667 and gossiped so intimately that
he jotted down his thoughts in
shorthand of his own creation,
served as the basis of A. H. Upham's
remarks to the graduating class at
tne University of Oregon, Monday.
The general title was "a gentleman
and a scholar," a not uncommon
combination when Samuel was writ
ing his diary. Mr. Upham, who is
president of the University of Idaho,
is returning to Moscow from Eugene
and is registered at the Benson.
James C. Black, who lives at the
Imperial when he is not globe-trot
ting, wrote to Harry Hamilton from
Manila, P. I.,- giving Instructions
about keeping moths out of his
clothes which are at the hotel. In
his letter Mr. Black says that he
would have been home this month
hut for the war In China. He was In
Mukden, Manchuria, when the war
broke, and managed to get to Tient
sin. There he discovered that the
railroad to Pekin and Shanghai had
been cut and the only way he man
aged to escape the country was in a
German motorship.
He superintended the laying of the
pavement at Maryhill, . Wash., for
Sam Hill, did W. G. Borden, and now
he is the state highway commission
er for Nevada. Mr. Borden lived in
Goldendale, Wash., before shifting
to Nevada. "We are a large state
with a small population, so we
haven't made the progress in finish
ing roads that Oregon has, "observed
Mr. Borden yesterday. "There are
about 30 miles of bard-surface pave
ment in the state. The rest of the
roads are of .gravel or crushed
rock."
"Frostproof" Florida, is the way
F. C. Thompson registers at ' the
Multnomah. In view of the fact that
every year there are dispatches fill
ing the press about the Florida fruit
crop being ruined by frost, Mr.
Thompson's boast appears to require
an explanation. Florida is- now best
known as the place where the tin
can tourists flock during the winter
when they do not want to make the
longer trip to Sunny Cafeteria.
Old "Alfalfa Rex, himself, other
wise B. M. Fuller of Crook county,
arrived at the Benson yesterday.
Today he will be joined by the rest
of his gang, the Irrigators of Crook
county. The Irrigators lost all their
band instruments in the Prineville
fire, but they promise to make their
presence known in the parade just
the same.
John B. Holman, registering from
the Elks club of Salem at the Per
kins, Is 84 years old and is in the
city to take in the Rose Festival
parades, even if he has to sleep on
a cot.
. Robert W. Ruhl, the fighting edi
tor of the Medford Mail-Tribune, is
registered at the Hotel Portland.
Mr. and Mrs. Gus Newberry, of
Medford are at the Imperial to
i watch the Rose Festival activities.
SHAKERS FIRST SUFFRAGISTS
Idea Introduced by Strange Sect In j
America in 1774.
Theridea of equal rights for wom
en was introduced in America two
years before our Declaration of
Independence declared "all men are
created equal." Spirit manifesta
tions, akin to the recent popularity
of other world communication, had
a vogue in the colonies before the
revolutionary war.
These facts are, recalled by the
proposed abandonment of the Shaker ;
community in Enfield, N. H., which
is reported to have dwindled from
350 members to only six survivors,
says a bulletin from the Washing
ton, D. C, headquarters of the Na
tional Geographies society.
"Of all the religious groups that
found sanctuary on the soil of colo
nial America the most remarkable,
perhaps, were the Shakers with
their customs that were partly
medieval and partly far ahead of
their day," the bulletin continues.
"And the persistence nf a firmly
grounded "religious belief is aptly
Illustrated by their survival to this
day, although their virginal vows
provided no younger generation to
carry on their tradition, and their
deliberate Isolation in self-sustaining
communities gave few oppor-
I tunlties to make converts.
The Shakers never naa more
than 5000 members and the 12 com
munities remaining today reported
867 members In 1916, which means
a population of not more than 1000.
The longevity of Individual mem
bers, combined with their abstinence
from meat ana Ilsn, tneir prescnoeu
manual labor and hVKlenio living.
have made their communities in
teresting human experiment- sta
tions for the biologist as well as
the geographer. The bodily move
ments as they worshiped closely re
semble the noon-day gymnasium
exercises of many an American
business man.
"Ann Lee, self-styled 'Ann the
Word," but known among her fol
lowers as "Mother Ann,' founded the
Shakers, whose official title is
'United Society of True BelleverB
In Christ's Second Coming." After
four children died in their infancy
Ann Lee sought solace among an
offshoot of the Quaker sect in Eng
land which had been Influenced by
the early 18th century wave of
'manifestations' among what we
would call 'mediums.' Ann could
not read nor write, and her hus
band later deserted her. For her
shouting, leaping and bodily gyra
tions during her exhortations she
was arrested' in Manchester.
"Wlile in Jail the young woman
asserted that the Cnrist appeared
to her in a vision, told her he was
one with her, and upon serving her
sentence she gathered a few fol
lowers and set out to America to
proclaim herself the embodiment of
Christ in his second coming.
"On the way across the ship's
captain forbade the Shakers to in
dulge in their athletic form of wor
ship. Whereupon, according to
Shaker literature, a storm arose, a
plank was sprung, and the vessel
began to JUL 'Mother Ann' reas
Bured the captain, saying two angels
had appeared before her In a vision
to promise her safe passage. Just
as the crew was becoming exhaust
ed from pumping, a huge wave
again struck the ship and jammed
the plank back Into plaee. ,
"For two years "Mother Ann'
worked In New York as a washer
woman, then. In 1776, she founded
the first Shaker village at Water
vliet, N. Y.
"In such strange fashion was in
stituted, the year that America
dates her national birth, the west
ern world's first experiment in
communism. Later societies, or
'families,' grew up in New York,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
Maine, Connecticut, Ohio and Ken
tucky. "The cardinal principles of the
Shakers' religion are virgin purity,
confession of their sins, complete
separation from what they term the
world's vanities, and a communism
which approaches political social
ism. , If a man and wife join a
Shaker community they are sup
posed to live as brother and sis
ter. "Until recently they prohibited
the taking of photographs and they
forbade pictures of all kinds as
idolatrous. Even the cultivation of
flower gardens for decorative pur
poses was, frowned upon in former
years. " And there is still doubt
among the older members about the
propriety of musical instruments.
"The Shaker community is i
nearly self-sustaining as possible
and about the only Importations in
their beginnings were iron for their
plowshares. In their Industrial
and agricultural development they
have contributed many valuable
ideas which have been slezed upon
for general use. They are credited
with the revolving harrow, cut nails
and the planing machine. Raising
herbs for medicinal use was one of
their early major Industries.
"A famous description of their
central community, that of Mount
Lebanon, N. Y., Is applicable to all
their settlements. 'No Dutch town
has a neater aspect, no Moravian
hamlet a softer hush,' says this
writer. The streets are quietj for
here you have no grog shop, no
beer house, no lock-up. no pound
of the dozen edifices rising about
you workrooms, barns, tabernacles,
stables, kitchens, schools and dormi
tories not one is either foul or
noisy; and every building, what
ever may be its use, has some
thing of the air of a chapel.'
"An elder and an eldress are the
patriarchal heads of the villages.
In the larger villages two of each
sex are chosen, and their authority
Is unquestioned. The recruits of
the societies are from world-weary
persons to whom the isolation ap
peals, and children attending their
schools who are imbued at an im
pressionable age with their religious
teacnings. macn member of the
community is expected to perform
a share of the work, and by work
the Shaker means manual labor.
Many attempts to carry out the
economic ideas of the Shaker vil
lages have failed, apparently be
cause the absence of the religious
tie allowed members to depart too
easily."
WHAT IS BEAtlTYf
Sky of flawless turquoise.
Clouds like ships of snow.
Fields of emerald velvet.
Orchards in full blow;
In the distance, trees tall.
Waving, greeting kind.
O'er all, golden Bunshine,
Caressing, fragrant wind
That is beauty! .
Night of sheerest silver
Flooding flowers and trees,
Peace and restful stillness,
Friendly, cooling breeze;
Boundless sea of azure,
Wisps of lace-cloud haze.
Golden moon a-gllding
Through the mystic ways
That is beauty!
Bank of mossy verdure
Girt by fronds of ferns.
Drifts of yellow violets
Everywhere one turns;
Pool of limpid water,
Breath of nectared air, ,
Gleam of purple iris I
With dew-jewels rare
That In hAnntvt
I -NORMA DANIEL ARANT.
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright, HonRhton-MlffHn Co.
Can Yon Answer These Questions?
1. Do all birds eat Insects?
2. Is the mule deer the same as
the black-tailed? I hear It spoken
of both ways. -
3. Please explain why gold fish
put in a small volume of water
without aeration live anS. apparently
thrive for a considerable time, when
the general run of fresh oralt water
fish will die within a few hours
when so confined?
Answers In tomorrow's nature
notes.
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. Please name all the kinds of
birds known as game birds.
We give the standard groupings
In usj by the American Ornitholo
gists' union, viz.: Anatidae, or ducks,
geese and swans; Rallidae, or rails,
coots end galllnules; Llmlcolae, or
shore birds in general; Galllnae, or
quail, grouse, pheasants and wild
turkeys. In some states Columbae,
or wild pigions and doves are un
fortunately included as game birds.
v
2. Do any of the common ants have
wings?
Yes, the queen, or egg-layer for
the colony, has wings when she be
comes adult, but loses these when
she makes her nuptial flight, mating
with one of the numerous winged
males. After the flight the queen's
wings either fall off or are plucked
off by herself or by workers, and
she lives wingless. The winged
males (serving like drone bees) die
after the swarming or mating
period.
,
3. When do woodchucks first come
out in spring? What do they eat
then?
Roughly speaking, the wood-
chuck s hibernation reaches from
autumnal to vernal equinox. But the
actual date for coming out In spring
varies with the individual, the lati
tude and weather conditions. The
vernal equinox Is March Sl some
time in April would be a better
guess-for the average chuck. He
eats any tender vegetation he can
find, but is very thin and flabby for
some days after emerging.
HONEST BOJTCS PLAN OR NONE
Schemes to Pick the Money Out of
the Air Condemned by Writer.
PORTLAND, June 20. (To the
Editor.) Senator Ladd, the non-partisan
league senator of North Da
kota, the financial genius (?) of
the United States senate, has dis
covered a scheme for paying the
soldiers' bonus without it costing
anybody much of anything.
Mr. Ladd would Issue legal ten
der treasury notes to the extent of
,2,500,000.000, or as much thereof
as may be necessary to pay the sol
diers their compensation in cash.
Isn't it delightfully simple?
These notes would be retired dur
ing the next 25 years by revenue
raised in three ways. First, he
would tax all banking institutions
to the extent of 50 per cent of any
profits they make m excess of 12
per cent. Second, he would use any
Interest paid the United "States gov
ernment on its foreign loans. And
third, he would use any other
moneys it the treasury not other
wise appropriated.
The league senator's scheme for
painless raising of funds is so sim -
pie that it is surprising he stops
with the soldiers. Why not make
all of us Independently rich by his
method of painless taxation? Why
not pay everybody a bonus and raise
the money by a tax on big busi
ness instead of just the banks?
Taxation is supposed to be equit
able under our constitution. Why
permit other corporations to escape
if the banks are to be taxed? Of
course, if all corporations are thus
taxed It would be just getting back
to the excess profits tax, which did
so much to raise the cost of living,
and, of course, the consumers pay
the tax in the end, but if it is taken
frpm the corporations directly, and
they are madethe tax collectors, it
makes the public cuss them and for
get about the peddlers of political
bunk.
And speaking of the second source
of raising revenue, one had but to
wonder who will pay the interest
and principal of the loan floated
to raise the money to lend Europe.
As for the third source of revenue,
perhaps there are material sums in
the treasury "not otherwise appro
priated," but since this country
owes $25,000,000,000, we might ap
ply those sums on our debts.
Senator Ladd's scheme is just a
little more ridiculous than, the aver
age plan for paying the bonus pain
lessly. A general bonus for all un
injured service men is going to cost
this country from four billion of
dollars upward to an Indefinite
figure. If we decide to pay It, the
only honest thing to do is to dig
down In our pockets and pay it
through a sales tax or some other
tax that we know will raise the
funds. There is nothing to be
be gained by "kidding ourselves"
that we can pick the money out of
the air or collect in such a way
that the consumer won't feel It. The
consumers will pay it directly or in
directly and all the bunk that all
the politicians in Washington can
peddle won t alter the fact one bit.
It is neither courageous nor hon
est to attempt to buy votes with
money from the public treasury and
at the same time avoid losing the
vote of the taxpayer who must. pay.
If we are going to have a bonus for
uninjured service men by all means
let us have an honest one. Let us
either turn it down or pass it and
raise the money to pay it with a
tax that will be adequate, and not
by quack schemes to Issue "water
fall money or. "legal tender treas
ury notes." If the government can
simply print enough "legal tender
treasury notes' to pay a bonus, :t
can print enough to make us all
rich. Russia tried it.
h. a: kaeppler.
Examination for Postmaster.
CORVALLIS, Or, June 19. (To
the Editor.) In The Oregonian,
June 11, is mention of "civil serv
ice examinations at Dallas, Cor
vallis and Monroe." Can you advise
if these examinations are open to
others besides the present postmas
ters? Also where,and when will the
examinations be held and to whom
should application be made? If
possible also advise present salary
of these three offices.
SUBSCRIBER.
John M. Jones, postmaster at
Portland, says the Information
asked for In this letter can be ob
tained only from the first assist
ant postmaster-general at Washing
ton, D. C.
Application for Federal Farm Loan.
LA CENTER, Wash., June 19.
(To the Editor.) Where will I have
to apply to for the government farm
loan, and is the office in Portland
open for business yet or not?
A SUBSCRIBER.
Application for the government
farm loan should be made at the
Lumbermens Trust company, Broad
way and Oak, Portland. This office
handles loan3 for the states of Ore-
tgon and Washington. .
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Ilontnsrne.
ACCOUNTING FOR IT.
Dr. Bernard Hollander, a British
pschyco&nalyst. says that monkey love is
far more constant and devoted than tha
human variety.
In Afrlc's burning Jungles.
Where fetid blows the breeze
And quaint festoons
Of gaunt baboons
Depend from ell the trees.
A love that lasts a lifetime
Is still to be enjoyed;.
No wicked vamps
With round blue lamps
Disturb the anthropoid.
An ape that once is mated
i Resides throughout his life.
Serene and calm
Upon a palm.
With one and only wife.
No elim and simian flapper
May look on him with hope,
No goo-goo glanoe
By any chance
Will lead him to elope.
There's no such word as "siren"
la any simian tongue.
No aged ape
Will deign to gape
At lovely forms and young.
He's true to one life partner
And true to her alone.
Among the boughs
Where simians browse -
Divorces are unknown.
The females of the species, -
In Afrlc's tropio vales.
Are not so weak.
They cannot wreak
Their vengeance on the naleav,
This often Is their practice.
Which Interesting; fact
May Influence
The way the gerats
With wives and families act.
. Now We Breathe Easiest
Our apprehension at the news
Mars was coming within 42,000,000
miles of the earth has been relieved.
The corrected figures are 42,250,000.
Safe rrom Oblivion.
Thanks to the power of the human
voice, there is no such thing as an
unknown congressman.
Almost Permanent,
The SpanlBh-Morocco war went
into extra innings more than a year
ago, and there Is no prospect of win
ning any bets on it.
(OopyrlKht. 1923, hy Be-Tl Syndicate, Inc.)
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
From The Oregonlan of June 21, 1897.
London. Queen victoria com
menced the celebration of her
jubilee today. Special services are
being held throughout the empire.
San Francisco Two sharp" and
severe earthquake shocks were felt
here today. The quake was general
throughout the state. No great
damage was done.
A prize fight occurred last night
in East Astoria, the contestants be
ing two lightweights named Walton
and Morse.
A band of dirty, disreputable
Mexicans, of the type generally
known as "greasers," is encamped
on Carson Heights, south of Fulton
Park.
Fifty Years Ago.
'From The OreBonlan of June- 21. 1872
laborers on Long island went on
strike yesterday. They demand an
eight-hour system and an increase
in wages from 6 to iu cents aa uuui.
Rait TjlUb Cltv. Horse cars rolled
over the tracks of the Salt Lake
City railway for the first time to
day. The First Baptist church of this
city, long without a pastor, nas
called to its leadership Rev. R. A.
Medbury, former pastor of the First
Baptist church or Ban irmi..
There will be a camp-meeting
held two miles below Lancaster, on
the Willamette, near Lemon's ware
house, commencing Friday, the 28th
instant.
COURTESY IMPRESSES VISITOR
In Hospitality to Strangers Portland
Is Put at the Forefront.
PORTLAND, June 20. (To the
Editor.) No city in America has
made a more profound impression
upon me than yours. Not so much
its marvelous, unequaled scenic
beauty, not the evidence of progress
on every hand, not the merry
clangor of Its busy workmen, but
the atmosphere of home the unself
ish interest you show the stranger
within your gates. Everybody on
the streets shows a kindliness In
telling you just how to get to where
you want to go with most beautiful
courtesy. It all reminds one of the
old-time southern plantations, with
their joyous welcome to even a
chance guest.
Portland's peace and plenty ana
prosperity seem of that comfortable
sort which joys Vn having because
of opportunity of giving. Such a
spirit must attract kindred minds
and your city will continue a place
of Ideal home life.
From such a life center should
radiate paths to smaller commercial
centers. Portland, in Its joyouS
completeness, will never surely have
the spirit of the prayer:
Ood bless me and my 'wife.
My son John and his wile.
Us four, and no more,
but will, after making sure that "my
wife and John and his wife" are get
ting on well, by not only example,
but practical influence and effort,
stimulate that emulation which is
the life of progress. .
The wonderful fertility of the sur
rounding country shows the possi
bility for dense surrounding popu
lation. In remoter sections, where
the rainfall may not be the same, or
other difficulties call for the help
ful effort of their strong guardian,
Portland, questions of irrigation,
transportation, etc., suggest them
selves. It comes to you, answering
the age-old Bible question, "Who is
my neighbor?" to make homes possi
ble for that unfortunate neighbor
from less favored states in this won
derful climate, and under the Inspi
ration of favoring conditions he
may find life, happiness and pros
perity in Oregon.
The people of Oregon, led, of
course, by you of Portland, have
already accomplished stupendous
things in your highways arteries
for the pulsing of new life and
vigor. Following these arteries and
their lesser ramifications newcom
ers will be led to homes and will
become an integral part of Oregon.
I cannot frankly say that I think
the most populous state is most to
be desired from a selfish viewpoint.
You of Oregon seem to have quality
rather than quantity, and the nat
ural admiration is for carbon in dia
mond shape rather than that of the
useful coal. VISITOR.
Home Pianist Is Through.
Exchange.
"I miss your neighbor across the
way at the piano this evening. He
plays with such finish,"
"Yes. he's finished; the install
ment man took his piano this morning."