8
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, TUESDAY, MAY 30, 1923
ESTABLISHED BI IIKNBY L,. 1'ITTOCK.
Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co,,
135 Sixth Street, Portland, Oregon.
C, A. MORDEN. E. B. PIPER,
Manager. Editor.
The Oregonjan is a member of the Asso
ciated Press. The Associated Press Ib ex
clusively entitled to the use for publication
rst all nws dispatches credited to it or not
otherwise credited In this paper and also
the local news published herein. All rights
of publication of special dispatches herein
are also reserved.
Subscription Rates Invariably in Advance.
(By Mail.)
Dally, Sunday Included, one year. ... .$8.00
Pally, Sunday Included, six months... 4.25
Pally, Sunday Included, three months. 2.23
Paily, Sunday Included, one month..- .o
Pally, without Sunday, one year...... 6-00
Paily. without Sunday, Blx months.... 8.25
Pally, without Sunday, one month.... .0
Sunday, one year 2.50
(By Carrier.)
Pally, Sunday Included, one year $9.00
Pally. Sunday included, three months. 2.25
Pally, Sunday Included, one month... .75
Paily, without Sunday, one year T.80
Pally, without Sunday, three months. 1.95
Paily, without Sunday, one month.... -.65
How to Remit Send postoffice money
order, express or personal check on your
local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are
at owner's risk. Give postoffice address in
full, including county and state.
Postage Rates 1 to IB pages, 1 cent: 18
to 32 pages, 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, 3
cenls; SO to 64 pages, 4 cents; 66 to 80
pages, 5 cents: 82 to 96 pages, 6 cents,
Foreign postage double rate.
Eastern Business Office Verree & Conk
Jin, 300 Madfson avenue. New York; Verree
ft Conklln, Steger building. Chicago; Ver
ree & Conklln, Free Press building, De
troit Mich,; Verree & Conklln. Monadnock
building, San Francisco, Cal.
MEMORIAL DAT.
We are reminded by the recur
rence of Memorial day that It was
first Instituted In the southern states
at the close of the great - conflict
which had almost torn the nation
asunder, that It found immediate
favor in the north because the idea
It embodied was essentially so Bound
and just and appealed so strongly to
the universal sentiment of gratitude,
and that in May, 1868, at the in
stance of General John A. Logan,
commander of the Grand Army of
the Republic, the date now observed
in most of the states of the union
was fixed. With the exception of
six southern states which observe
other dates aa memorial days and of
three which have made no statutory
provision, the occasion has become
to all intents and purposes a na
tional holiday, although governed by
the laws of Individual states. For
more than half a century people
have gathered annually, with in
creasing reverence for the men who
saved the union and with growing
appreciation of what their patriotism
has meant to the nation, to do honor
to their memories. The sacrifices of
the heroes of that, war are not for
gotten; Memorial day takes on a
deeper and higher significance with
the passage of the years.
There were men who ventured to
say, after the peace of Appomatox
had been won, that Americans were
done with war, that so long as re
membrance .of that fratricidal duel
persisted and the recollection of its
horrors lingered Americans could
not be persuaded to risk again the
terrors of any conflict of arms. But
presently their sense of justice was
stirred by the woes of unhappy Cuba
and sentiment was inflamed to war
by the sinking of the Maine, and we
went to war with Spain. But an
other while and the approaching
tragedy of Europe made us instinct
with self-sacrifice. Into both of
these we plunged with all the vigor
of which we were capable, and with
the concentrated energy of minds
and hearts stirred, not by the hope
of gain but by a deeper sentiment
than we ourselves may have real
ized. In the perspective of the years
we are now able to see that, as in the
sixties we fought for freedom in the
deep sense in which the framers of
our government comprehended it. so
we later were Inflamed by a holy
righteousness that no mere material
ist might have hoped to understand.
No spirit of conquest moved us and
no motive of gain.
It Is the fashion of shallow-pated
dem.ogues to decry our role in
these wars, to hold that we were but
the tools of munition-makers,
scheming politicians and war-profiteers;
but it was not true. The union
was saved in the first instance, not
by the statesmen but in spite of them
and because the people as a whole
were intuitively able to see clearly.
Sentiment guided them, but it was
the sentiment of righteousness, un
clouded and uncloudable by the spe
cious arguments of doctrinaires.
It was such a sentiment as gives the
people their real assurance of liberty
and guarantees to them that their
heritage will never be taken from
them. Their ultimate safety lies not
in temporary and evanescent leader
ship, but in their own deeply-rooted
Instinct for the right.
More than double significance
which attaches to Memorial day in
1922 grows out of the memories and
experiences of the past. Originally
conceived as a meed of tribute to
those who had given their lives that
the union might be preserved, it be
came also a day of dedication to the
future of the state. It long ago was
realized that we do the dead but a
small service If we but place flowers
on their graves and are content with
that. The living comrades of those
who fought and died were stirred by
the memories of the occasion to new
resolutions to make those sacrifices
worth while, and the extent to which
their example has been followed by
all citizens has been the measure of
the profit that has been derived from
observance of the day. Who is there
who doubts that the spirit in which
we entered the world war was guided
and controlled by. the Memorial day
Idea of dedication to the service of
humanity In partial recompense for
the patriotic sacrifices of those who
had gone before?
Because history has repeated itself
In the willingness of a people to
etake their lives and their property
In a high cause, we are encouraged
to believe that it will be duplicated,
too, in the solution of the problems
of peace by those who were conquer.
ers in war. For if we shall glance
back over the period since the great
est civil war in all history was
fought, we shall be impressed rathe
by the phenomena of the reconstruc
tion than by deeds of arms. No more
romantic story has ever been told
than that of the return of the veter
ans of that war to civilian life, and
of their devotion to the nation whose
continuance they had made possible
That million veterans, resuming
their wonted, places in a society es
eentially peace-loying and not war
like, and pursuing there the noiseless
tenor of their way, furnish the basis
for what we confidently believe will
constitute the future further paral
lei. This is the Memorial day les
son: that we best honor the dead
by seeing to it that they did not die
for naught.
GOT MORE THAN THEY WANTED.
The esteemed Evening Journal is
not disturbed in its ostentatious loy
alty to the Oregon electoral system
by the farcical results of the late re
call, but swallows the whole dose
without an apparent grimace. The
people wanted the recall, remarks
the Journal. Shall the people be
denied the sacred privilege of having
what they want when they want It?
Assuredly not, assuredly not; but
why give them more than they
by the farcical results of the late re
mark that they would have preferred
to take their recall without the
highly ornamental and utterly inex
perienced new commissioners who
were thrown in with it. Yet the
Journal disposes easily of all that.
saying:
It iS recited that two 1neimtrieTi,-,4 ynpn
are elected to the commission. That has
been done before in Oregon. Every official
ever elected in America was originally In
experienced. Every commissioner ever
elected in Oregon was originally inexpe
nenoed and had to learn. There is still an
experienced member on the commission.
The commissioners-eleot will h nnHr
and steadied when they face their respon
sibilities; as are all newly-elects.
Rather sweeping, we should sav.
It la putting Inexperience and unfit
ness at a premium. It is saying that
the office Is created for the man
any man. Giving a man a job, and
then teaching him how to fill it is
new and startling conception of
democracy. The any-body-will-do
principle is the source of bad, not
good, government The people who
are so unintelligent as to adopt it,
and are so Indifferent to the public
service' as to be willing to abide by
its results, will reap what they have
sown.
The public utilities commission, to
be useful and efficient, must have
commissioners with expert knowl
edge of highly technical subjects.
Now under the recall we have got a
political commission. Well, at least
they had previously Informed them
selves as to how much the job pays.
BUILDING UP THE NATION.
Already there are suggestions of
shortage of labor and that restric
tions on immigration should be re
laxed In order that industry and de
velopment enterprise may not be
cramped. Though some large em
ployers may be concerned, it is prob
able that behind these suggestions
are the great foreign steamship com
panies, which find their business
much diminished. Aa about nine-
tenths of the immigrants are carried
on foreign ships, we are under no
compulsion to consider their interest
as againsj that of this nation.
immigration can no longer De re
garded as a question of labor supply
alone or chiefly. Nor do. we need
Immigrants to subdue the west, for
the work ahead of us is to fill vacant
spaces among the American popula
tion, and to do this as far as pos
sible by transplanting people from
the towns to the country. Our pres
ent and future task is to build up a
nation of substantially the same kind
of people, imbued with the same
ideas, first among which is devotion
to this country and Its institutions to
the exclusion of all others. We can
not do this with a heterogeneous
swarm of people drawn from all na
tions and races at all stages of civil
ization; such materials either do not
mix or, if they do, they change the
character of the whole mass for the
worse. "We may have to pay for ex
cluding inferior material for nation
building in a somewhat higher gen
eral scale of wages. In somewhat
slower progress of material develop
ment, but the highor quality of the
material that we use and the closer
unity of spirit that we shall achieve
will be worth the price.
To the undigested masses of alien
population alien not only In blood
but in spirit were in large part the
divisions of sentiment that were ap
parent in our period of neutrality,
that were only temporarily sup
pressed while we were at war and
that broke out with new virulence in
the controversy over the peace
treaty. In order to escape the dan
gers of those times in the future, it is
necessary that we digest, mese
masses by making them into Ameri
cans and that we admit no more
aliens than can be digested In the
same manner from year to year. By
that
policy we can insure such a
united national spirit that, when
next our national life is attacked, we
shall be ready and shall take up the
challenge promptly, not depending
on allies who may not be at our side.
THE EIGHT-HOUR DAY IN STEEL.
President Harding's effort to ob
tain the co-operation of the heads of
the steel industry in abolishing the
twelve-hour day deserves especial
attention because steel-making is one
of the basic industries of the country,
because It presents some peculiar
problems and because the president
seeks to obtain by voluntary agree
ment a concession that could with
difficulty be accomplished through
legislation. The business is dis
tributed among many states, the au
thority of the federal government In
the premises is dubious, aa was re
cently called to attention by a su
preme court decision on the child
labor law, and all signs point to suc
cess of a voluntary movement where
attempt at compulsion would fail.
Two factors enter into the issue
the element of competition between
companies, which makes them chary
of introducing an innovation which
would increase their costs over those
of their rivals, and the opposition of
certain workmen to the plan. The
result of adoption of the eight-hour
dav by Individual companiesas the
United States Steel corporation has
tried to do in a number of cases
has been that employes have left to
enter the service of others which re
tained the longer day. They pre
ferred the twelve-hour day because
it gave them opportunity to earn
more. But analysis of the situation
has shown that these workmen were
mostly foreigners, who were living in
squalor in order that they might
save enough to return to their for
mer homes and there live in com
parative splendor. Home building in
America constitutes no part of their
olan. They set standards, however,
by which American workmen are not
content to live, and tney create od
stacles to the adoption of American
Ideals.
The twelve-hour day, persistently
followed, means that the worker has
few opportunities for home life, that
he has little or no recreation and
that self-improvement can have no
place in his scheme. Labor, thus re
duced to the status of a commodity,
becomes a thing to be utilized tem-
- i porarily for a brief term ol years and
then cast into the scrap heap. Those
who have contrived to save enough
to become men of leisure in an alien
land, where they still maintain a
standard below that to which Amer
icans aspire, are not the ones to dic
tate how American industry shall be
run.
The eight-hour day is practically
the standard of the manual trades in
the United States. That it is not
observed by men in the professions,
by proprietors in industry who are
rfimnlatprl hv tho TiRpuli interest 1
stimulated Dy me peculiar interest j
uiitsy una m crea-uve wors ana uy
others who are &Me to enjoy vaca
tions at their own option is not a
reason for imposing it upon the kind
of employment exacted from work
ers in steel mills. The country as a
whole stands to gain. by a workday of
reasonable length, with the time it
affords the worker to make himself
a better husband and father and a
better citizen and to learn to avail
himself of some of the amenities of
Ufe.
The pledge of forty-one steel ex
ecutives that they, will see what can
be done about it is not as indefinite
as it may seem. They can get to
gether if they will, and even If the
innovation means that the cost of an
extra shift must be absorbed in the
price of the finished product, the
added expense will be more than
atoned for by benefits to society as a
whole.
HOW TO SAVE DAYLIGHT.
It begins to look aa if those who
want to enjoy an extra hour of day
light this summer will be compelled
to do it candidly and without resort
to the obvious psychological subter
fuge of setting the clock ahead.
Plainly enough, it was necessary in
order to obtain benefit from the
clock-juggling plan that there should
be general agreement. When prac
tically every community entered into
the scheme, as was true during the
war, it had advantages which.disap
pear now that only a comparatively
few want to continue it. An isolated
daylight-saving community, h a r
assed by amuitipllclty of standards
and surrounded by neighbors which
hold the system in no reverence, is
likely to suffer inconveniences that
will more than counterbalance any
possible benefits.
There is still a way, however, to
save daylight, and that is embodied
in the old maxim, "Early to bed and
early to rise." For after all the
man who has found It pleasant to get
up at 5 o'clock when the hands of
the clock pointed at 6 ought to be
able to muster up will power suffi
cient to keep on doing it, though the
sarpe timepiece shall agree with the
sun. There is much to be said for
voluntary early-rising as a builder of
character no less than a conserver of
health and of the two kinds, we
should be inclined to say that the
undisguised daylight saver had the
better of the argument In the
latter instance, the individual who
practiced it would have something
really to be proud of, like the de
votee of the Bull Run bath. Let him
rise betimes and lord it over those
who persist in snoozing until the sun
is well up in the sky.
The banks, in behalf of which it is
urged that they have something to
gain by daylight saving because this
is the practice in the financial cen
ters of the east, have the undoubted
privilege of advancing their opening
time without disturbing the clock.
If their example shall be followed by
certain business men who like that
sort of thing, a happy because a
voluntary solution will have been
found. But the factor of compulsion
is particularly undesirable just now
and the issue Is not worth the bit
terness of spirit that it threatens to
engender. No one can complain, at
least, at voluntary daylight saving,
and we surmise that it will be the
more popular and the more gener
ally practiced for being left to its
own devices.
THE PURPOSES OF EDUCATION
The incident, related by the his
torian Ammianus Marcellinus and
retold by Gibbon, of the Roman sol
dier in the victorious campaign
against the Persian king, Narses, who
on finding a leather bag of pearls,
kept the bag and threw away the
gems In the belief that whatever was
of no practical use could have no
possible value, is cited in a recent
article by President Charles Alex-
ander Richmond of Union college to
illustrate what he deems a present
danger to modern education. Dr.
Richmond warns us that it is a mis
take to establish -exclusively mate
rialistic standards as the basis of all
schooling, and says that we shall
come at last to see that the strength
of democracy is in the idealist and
not in the utilitarian alone. Dr.
Richmond is not, however, an alarm
ist. "The most hopeful of all signs,"
he observes, "is that the working
man is beginning to demand a larger
share not merely in the vocational
training which fits him for a tiade
but of that higher culture which ad
mits him to his spiritual Inheritance.'
The thought Is not new, but it will
bear reiteration in view of the situ
ation in education which ex-Presl-dent'Taft
recently denominated as a
tendency to deny wholly that there is
such a thing as formal discipline of
the mind and to assert that "the only
Important thing is content, by which
is meant, we may suppose, the sub
stantive intrinsic information im
parted to the mind." It corresponds,
too, with the view expressed by Vice
President Coolidge in an address be
fore the Classical league at the Uni
versity of Pennsylvania, in the
course of which he said: .;
Education is primarily a means of estab
lishing Ideals. Its first great duty is the
formation of character, which is the result
of heredity and training. This by no
means excludes the desirability of an edu
cation In the utilities, but is a statement
sf what education must inolude if it meets
With any success. It Is not only because
the classical method has been followed In
our evolution of culture, but because the
study of Greek and Latin is unsurpassed
as a method of discipline. Their mastery
requires an effort and an application which
must be both intense and prolonged. They
bring into action all the faculties of ob
servation, understanding and reason. To
become proficient in them is to become
possessed of self-control and of intelli
gence, which are the foundations of all
character.
Dr. Richmond makes it more clear
that the distinction between the cul
tural and the practical is 'not be
tween Latin and Greek, on the one
hand, and science on the other, for
as a matter of fact most of the lead
ers in science are keen advocates of
cultural education, and only a few,
who nave attained distinction or
made great fortunes by inventive
genius or by an unusual eye for busi
ness, and who are of the opinion that
this gives them a kind of magisterial
authority," hold to the notion that
educational institutions should be
converted into glorified trade
schools. Ignoring all considerations
but the so-called practical ones. The
underlying theory of this philosophy
is that the possession of money will
emancipate from the bondage of
work and enable people to live free
and easy lives, which is the end and
aim of existence. Dr, Richmond
concedes that this view is perhaps
unconsciously held, but that -it is
nevertheless perilous because
It is a brutish and very fallacious theory,
and the 'proof of it is that it does not
satisfy. To make such a theory the foun
dation of a systejn of education, and to
teach our children In the schools and the
young men and women tn our colleges.
young men ana women m our cuuegeo,
that thu is tne li(e u llke injecting an
insidious Tinison into them which Will
slowly corrupt the blood and in the end
destroy all the finer impulses and ideals.
Mr. Taft points out that recent
progress in modem science has ne
cessitated some changes in the nar
row academic curriculum of seventy-five
years ago, but that the reac
tion has carried many of the re
formers too far. He questions the ex
pediency of extending to the college
the kindergarten method of training
the child under six, under the im
pulse of which "the demoralizing
wholesale college elective system was
Introduced" a system which, how
ever, is being withdrawn as a proved
failure. He deprecates the tendency
to minimize the importance of hard
mental work. "The ideal sought,"
he adds, "has been a wafting of the
pupil on a flowery bed of ease to- a
complete education." The search for
labor-saving devices in study, grow
ing out of a terrible passion for ef
ficiency and quite naturally, it seems,
attending the constant quest for
labor-saving machinery In Industry,
goes on. But these Ignore thede
veloping of qualities in the individual
which he is most likely to need as a
citizen and a unit in the civilization
of his time. The destruction of the
German empire, which in all human
probability was brought about by a
philosophy of education which
taught that material power was the
one thing needful to human happi
ness, ought to be too fresh In mind
to permit av solely vocational stand
ard of education to become estab
lished. 'The ruin of Germany," is Dr.
Richmond's comment, "was her phi
losophy of education. . . . When
these children grew up under such a
training .they became what we knew
they were men of blood and iron,
coarse, overbearing, the natural ene
mies of mankind."
URBANIZATION OF POPULATION.
The figures showing that in 1920,
for the first time in our history,
more than half the population of the
United States was classed as urban
may be somewhat misleading when
superficially considered, first be
cause they do not take Into account
the normal growth of communities
formerly designated as rural, and.
second, for the reason that they
imply, which may not be true, that
the number of farmers is falling
below the proportion necessary to
produce food for those who dwell in
towns and cities. A large excess of
farmers over the number needed
would be no more indicative of gen
eral prosperity than a deficiency
would be.
An important aspect of rapid ur
banization, however, is its social ef
fect upon the life of the country-
Relatively, the agricultural popula
tion is stable, and to a far greater
extent than is true of city dwellers
it has a visible stake In the country
through home ownership. The in
crease in farm tenantry, which has
been slight by comparison with the
growth of the renting habit in cities,
also apt to lead to erroneous con
clusions, since mariy of the renters
of today are likely to become the
farm owners of the future. Home
tenure, moreover, has a greater per
manency in the rural districts, and
the broad tendency in the latter In
stance is toward continuity of resi
dence in given communities which
contributes to greater interest in po
litical and civic problems and par
ticularly in the security of property
which is fundamental to prosperity.
The importance of the relationship
between the purchasing power of the
farmer and that of the employes of
urban industries has only recently
been called to attention by a note
worthy decline in farm values by
comparison with the prices of manu
factured commodities that the farmer
has to buy. Close correspondence
between the value of farm products
and conditions as to employment or
unemployment in cities covering a
period of years is indicative of the
concern that city folk ought to have
for the lasting prosperity of agricul
ture.
That the Increase, in actual num
bers, of agricultural population was
the smallest in the last decade of any
in the past half century probably Is
.1 sign that the equilibrium is being
restored. It is far more important,
however, to retain the present farm
population in its place than to rely
on another "back-to-the-land" move
ment to restore it after it has been
depleted below the danger, line
Farming is a vocation requiring ex
perience as well as capital and in
volving knowledge as extensive as
that Invoked by the so-called skilled
trades. It will not be rehabilitated
by sporadic appeals to miscellaneous
groups that have failed to get a foot
hold in town. Stability, founded on
the reasonable prospect of getting a
living and of enjoying the essential
comforts of life, Is doubly dslrable,
because It ultimately affects the wel
fare of city and country alike.
Sheriff Hurlburt will confer
favor on newspaper readers by giv
ing back the $11 to the man who
rather would serve time than pay
and taking him in.
Many daylight savers admit they
want the "extra hour for recreation."
Following a 44-hour week, these
"recreators" are going mad.
There is nothing Mephistophelean
about McCredie nor Machiavelian
is his to laugh at troubles not his
own.
Disagreements of the blue and th
gray are of the past an,d generally
forgotten; but this is the day of the
Blue.
It was 102 in the shade at Phoe
nix Sunday, and too much static to
get any figures from the other place,
Tillamook is approaching t h
acme of metropolitan life. A circus
Is headed that way.
One strike at a time, gentlemen,
There's a coal affair somewhere in
the dim past.
Klepper Is referred to Ruth for an
opinion on Landis.
j Baseball today,
run itself.
The machine can
The Listening Post.
By DeWitt Harry. -
THE end of the war must have
found Europe tremendously over
stocked with automatic pistols or the
munitions factories have been, work
ing overtime since manufacturing
them, judging by the number that
are offered ' for sale in this country.
Every veteran and sportng publica
tion and the daily press are liberally
garnished with display ads offering
automatics of every known and un
known make at bargain prices. There
no need for any American boy or
girl to be without one, for they are
advertised In every known size and
caliber.
Exchange must have had some
thing to do with the low prices that
are being set or the holders must
have driven a hard bargain with the
countries owning the guns at the
close of the war. The chances are
that' the majority of them are cheap
pistols of the toy type, and not a few
adults of today can remember the
vogue the 22-caliber revolver enjoyed,
the one that had the five-shot re
volving magazine and would shoot
'blanks. What a proud moment when
you stood on the front porch and let
loose with a fusillade on the Fourth
of July, but the youngster of this day
and year will be able to slam out sev
eral magazines . in the time It took
to pull the hard-jerking trigger of
the old gun. always providing the
pistol will work.
At any event the pistol ads seem
to be running the booze flavoring
ones a close race. Remindful of the
old story of Massachusetts and Ken
tucky, Massachusetts famed for
boots and shoes, Kentucky for shoots
and booze.
I Was telling the old fisherman shout
that educated sturgeon that Jim Stanley
nau aown on the Columbia river.
"That's nothin'." drawled the old man
as he drew his pipe from his mouth, beat
out its half-burned contents and thrust
it in his hip pocket. "I remember back in
the fall of '93 when I was Ushing down
on the- big Tucker bay I caught a big
Chinook. It took all the fishermen on
the bay to get that fish out of my net."
"Must have been some big one." 1 re
marked.
"It was one of th biggest fish I ever
caught," said the old man.- "I weighed
almost 1000 pounds." j
What did you do with him?"
'Well, sir, I got a rope on him and tows
him in, and then I starts to train him
to help me fish. I just put a pair of
shaves on the back of my boat and hooked
old Spot up, aa I called'him. Didn't need
no bit, just used a jerk line on his tail.
I and old Spot would tow all of the fisher
men's boats up to the bay. Some times
I would turn him loose and send him out
over the bar to bring in schools of salmon.
He would drive them like a coiue dog
would drive sheep. I never did know how
fast he could go." said the old man, as ne
sliced a pipeful of tobacco from a long
black plug.
I remember once I raced him two miles
against time. He made the first mile
in less than a minute, and then we had
to slow down, as the spray from the boat
was like a tidal wave; almost drowned
two of the spectators on the- bank. Old
Spot never was just right after that race,"
said the old man, as be stuffed the to
bacco in his pipe and wormed his hand
in his pocket for a match.
"I expect the friction from the boat
made the water so hot that it kind of
cooked him," I said.
"I reckon it mlgnt, ne sam, ana men
for a moment the old man stood suem
as If my question had stumped him. "No,
couldn't been that," he resumed, "as we
kind of figures he would get pretty hot,
so wei puts a copper water jacket on him
and left holes for his fins and tails."
The man who used to Judge people
by the clothes they wore would have
difficult time of It tnese aay so
far as the "sweeter sex' 'is concerned
at last. A few years uacK one cuum
form a fairly accurate estimate oi
the age and. characteristics or neany
any woman from a rear view. Not
so today.
Half a block away, wearing low-
heeled pumps, is a vivacious uitie
creature with bobbed tresses and one
of those orchid-shaded hats, her pert
actions as she flips her abbreviated
skirts to give emphasis to her re
marks - to her slender cavalier-like
attendant, seeming to fltamp her as
an 18-year-old. A close-up proves
that she will never see 40 again and
may be a grandmother. No longer
do the youngsters have a corner on
the "lighter things of life. Their
domain has been invaded and the
elderly woman" of the late 20th
century is setting tne pace, ine
'homebodies" of the last dcade out-
flap the flappers of today.
Right through the residence sec
tion he came, a proud and haughty
China pheasant cock, gorgeous in his
ray plumage. Unafraid, knowing he
was safe, he paused in several yards
to investigate dainty tidbits of food
and then continued hla unhurried
stroll. Coming to a street intersec
tion he rose on his long legs and
closely inspected the traffic condi
tions for, city dweller that he was,
he knew of the danger from automo
biles. He did not seem to fear hunt
era had few worries If his conduct
was .any indication. After his in
vestigation of street conditions he
calmly descended the slight terrace
from a front J'ard and walked across
the sidewalk and crossed the street
as if it were an everyday occurrence.
Then he continued his stroll, this
time up the center of the sidewalk,
his head erect as he Inspected, with
apparent interest, human activities
and the neighborhood'.
You can't stump an insurance
agent. One -of the clan came In a few
days ago and worked on. the car
toonist. The victim already had as
much life proctection a he cared to
pack, so the salesman went off on
another line of attack, wanted to in
sure his hands,
"Now what would you do if your
nanus were injured, be without a
Job? Better get the protection. Just
last week I wrote out' a policy for
several thousands on the hands of a
pianist in an orchestra, surely yours
are worth as much."
The arguments came thick and
fast, but were of no use, and not a
gleam of interest came until the
agent took yet another tack.
"What about your golf? Think,
man, if you hurt your hands you
can't play any more."
And he nearly soldi a policy.
Pep-o-ganae From I-a Grande.
How our idols are shattered. After
several years of worship at the Pep
shrine; after hearing everybody urge
the merit of Pep; after witnessing the
high schools, colleges and churches
all pay tribute to Pep urging the
young to become inspired with Pep,
we now find that Mr. Pep, who runs
a garage in Portland, has been ar
rested for some trivial offense. La
Grande Observer,
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales of Folks at the Hotels.
Ever hear of Pittsburgh, Or.? It
is a little settlement, a cattle and
mining town, on the Snake river,
across the stream from Idaho. Small
though Pittsburgh is, it has decided
niore than one election in Wallowa
county and, says Daniel Boyd of En
terprise, the boys were chuckling
when the governorship race was close
in the republican primaries, for they
had more than half a notion that
Pittsburg might cast the deciding
vote. Developments show that it
didn't. It takes three days to get the
ballot boxes and ballots into Pitts
burgh and three days to bring out
the returns, on horseback. Three
times Pittsburgh's seven or eight
votes has turned the trick in close
contests in Wallowa county. Once It
elected a countv treasurer by one vote
and a second time it elected a county
treasurer by one vote- In the recent
republican primaries, Pittsburgh nom
inated the republican candidate for
district attorney in Wallowa county
by two votes. A. E. Clawson was the
successful man.
"Bus" Crawford came to town yes
terday; Bus is now a farmer of cran
berries at Long Beach, Wash, A'long
about 40 years ago Bus attended the
Harrison-street school in Portland.
Being a comical sort of youngster,
when John F. Cordray put on "Uncle
Tom's Cabin" in the old theater at
Third and Yamhill, Bus supplied the
local colar in the plantation scene and
danced and showed his gleaming
teeth to such advantage that, in stage
parlance, ''he hogged the show." That
was the extent of his theatrical
career. For a long time Bus has been
in the ranks of the producers, cultl
vating acreage on the Washington
snore.
Ben Tone, of Sisters, was in town
for a day and hurried back to his
ranch in the Cascades, where he has
several hundred head of cattle. Mr.
Tone used to have a good time break
ing in polo ponies on his range, but
the demand for polo ponies in this
section of the country has been re"-
duced to the vanishing point. Those
who know Mr. Tone say that he is the
best man to play poker with tney
ever met, being willing; to make it
anything, or remove the limit, what
ever the rest of the party wants.
Mr. and Mrs. Ellis L. Hale of Wal
lace, Idaho, are at the Hotel Port
land. They are motoring home from
California, where they went several
weeks ago, and report the roads in
good condition. Mr. Hale is manager
of the Coeur d'Alene hardware and
foundry company at Wallace. In this
plant mining machinery has been
built which has been shipped to many
parts of the world. The company has
sent considerable mining machinery
to South America and last year con
signed machinery for silver mining
in India.
S. F. Irvin .secretary of the com
pany which is getting out phosphate
rock, which is being shipped to Japan
for agricultural purposes, is at the
Imperial. The company contemplates
opening an office in Portland. The
phosphate rock ore has been used
with great success at agricultural ex
periment stations in tha northwest
and the Japanese have. been offering
an attractive market. Many tons
have been shipped through the Port
of Portland to the orient, all of which
increases the importance of the port
in export business.
Amons- the out-of-town visitors
yesterday was L. E. Peterson of Cas
cads Locks. In the old days the cas
cades were the bane of the pioneers
who had crossed the mains and moun
tains and then undertook to drift
down the Columbia on rafts. The set
tlers had to portage at the cascades
and usually it required about three
days for them to cover the sis mnes.
An automobile, loaded with more
merchandise than a prairie schooner
could hold, now scoots past the cas
cades in ten minutes.
Thomas H. Moore, associate director
of the American Newspaper Publish
ers' association, arrived In Portland
while looking over the possibilities of
a greater volume of national news
paper advertising on the jr"acine
coast. He has visited Seattle and
Wenatchee- Mr. Moore is continuing
to California with Thomas L. Emory,
manager of the Pacific coast bureau
of the association.
Mr. and Mrs. Anton Gieblsch are
at the Hotel Oregon from Toledo, Or.
Mr. Giebisch is a road contractor and
is working on the Corvallis-Newport
highway. This highway will prob
ably be opened and surfaced through
out its length by the time the fall
rains set in.
John E. Coe, who has the big book
supply store in Eugene, was in Port
land yesterday on business. Mr. Coe
reports that general conditions In the
university town are improving. The
next big event in Eugene will be the
graduating exercises at the univer
sity June 19. -
Ray W. Clark, until recently In
charge of the dining room at the
TJmpqua, Roseburg. and prior to that
welfare man for the Multnomah, was
In the city yesterday, registered at
the Multnomah. He Is on his way to
Olympia, to be associated with the
hotel of that name.
Loyal M. Graham of Forest Grove,
one of the committee which had
charge of building the Masonic home
there, is registered at the Multnomah.
Mr. Graham was nominated in the
primaries for one of the representa
tives for Washington county in the
legislature.
George T. Collins of Medford, who
was a stockholder in the Crater Lake
company last season, is at the Mult
nomah. He Is here to see what is to
be done about the Crater Lake prop
erty this year.
F. D. McCully, county commissioner
for Wallowa county, is In the city
with Mrs. McCully. Formerly he was
"in a bank and at present he is en
gaged in' the grain brokerage busi
ness. E. G. Hager of Kimberly, Idaho, Is
at the Imperial. Kimberly is a place
where diamonds are neither found nor
made. It Is a town which came Into
being In an irrigation district.
The - man farthest from home in
Portland yesterday was K. J. Bruce.
He is registered at the Multnomah
from Adelaide, Australia.
- C. L. Prouty, lumberman of Seaside,
is at the Hotel Oregon. The ocean
resort is now preparing to receive the
influx of summer visitors. :
P. H. Burton, a stockman of Day
ville, in the John Day valley, is at the
Imperial. J. D. Fine, also of Day
ville, is with him.
H. K. Floin, manager of the Golden
Rule dry goods store at Bandon, Or.,
is registered at the Multnomah.
Henry C. Hanse, a horse buyer of
Wallowa county, is at the Imperial
from Enterprise.
A H. Brown,
Wash- is amom
a logger of Laurel,
f the arrivals at th
Hotel Oregon.
J. W. Mclnturff, an attorney
Marshf ield, is at the Multnomah.
of
How It Will Be in 1950.
Exchange.
"I saw a pedestrian on the road
yesterday."
"Whatl A liv one"
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright, Houghton-Mifflin Co.
Can You Answer These Questions t
1. Can you tell me how to stuff
birds and mount them; if not, is there
a bulletin I can read up?
2. Why don't flesh-eating animals
chew their food more?
3. Can honey be used in cooking?
Answers in tomorrow's nature notes.
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. - Are any lizards edible?
The great Mexican lizard, the
Iguana, is said to be fair as meat al
though commonly believed by many
persons to be poisonous. Tha flesh is
called (by those who like it) delicate
as chicken and similar to frog's legs
in iiavor.
2. Why do the needles In a sDray
of pine often look whitish and dead
half way down when the rest of the
needle seems all right?
Frobabiy you have in mind a sorav
Infested with Gelechia pinifoliella, a
minute moth that lives on the pine. It
lays its egg on the surface of the
needle about midway between tip and
Dase. The tiny caterpillar, on hatch
ing, bores through the skin of the
needle and begins feeding on the ln-
siae juices.
.
3. Do birds, when auarrelinsr. fight
all the same way?
No. Some, like ostrlohes. emus and
cassowaries, kick, inflicting terrible
blows. Gamebirds usually use both
bills and legs, the leg being armed
with a spur. Grouse add the wings
to their weapons. Birds of prey
strike with talons, and some kinds
break the neck of the victim with the
beak. The small perching birds have
a rough-and-tumble fight using beak
and claw. Parrots bite, so do gulls
and shrikes. Pigeons and ducks slap
vigorously with the wings.
KEEP PRIMARY FOR COUNTIES
But Let TJs Have Conventions for
State, Says This Paper.
Albany Herald.
Chief criticism of the Oregon pri
mary is aimed at its state - wide
aspects not its local! For the politi
cal subdivisions of the state, such as
the county, the municipality or the
township, the present system is not
objectionable. Rather, it is admir
able. But to the commonwealth It is
not adaptable.
The charge against the state-wide
primary centers on its destruction of
our representative form of govern
ment. It accuses the system of de
stroying party cohesion, of substitut
tng for party government individual
government, of depriving the elec
torate of all responsibility for admin
istration, of rendering impossible a
government by majorities and en
throning a eystem of government by
minorities, The cause lies in the
vastness of the commonwealth's area,
the diversity of its interests, and the
lack of opportunity afforded the
electorate to counsel together.
To our mind the logical substitute
lor the present primary Is a system
that will retain the primary in its
present form for the political subdi
visions of the commonwealth and pro-
Lvide the party convention for the
state. By preserving the primary
for the nomination of county and city
and township officers and using its
machinery for naming- delegates to
the state convention, which will act
for the people in choosing party can
didates and adopting party platforms,
no violence will be done the princi
pie of individual participation in gov
ernment, yet there will be possible
united action for the individuals.
Such a combination of systems will
circumvent the forces that made the
old convention system odious. For
the direct primary in the county will
deprive the township bosses from
choosing their henchmen to represent
them In the county convention, as was
done in days gone by. The trouble
with the old convention eystem was
that it did not afford people oppor
tunity to express their will. Under
the modified plan which we suggest
the voters of the county will control
their representation in the state con
vention. They didn't In the old days.
With a state convention comprised
of men chosen by the electors of their
county, there will be an agency that
can speak authoritatively for the
people, that will guarantee unity of
action, that will place responsibility,
absolutely provide majority rule and
at the same time be an agency that
will not abrogate the individual's
chief right of citizenship the privil
ege of participating in government.
Bnd Taste in Everybody's Mouth.
Newberg Graphic.
There is a great deal of criticism
of the direct primary system at the
present time and, in the light of the
past election, as well as some previ
ous ones, it is at least to some ex
tent Justified. The primary system
came into existence as a possible
remedy for the ills of the old con
vention system under the manipula
tions of which it was claimed that
corruption existed to a very large ex
tent. The complaint is made of the
primary system as it operates at
present, that only those who seek
self-aggrandizement will consider
running for an office and that the
better class of men either will not
run at all or are defeated in the pri
maries by their less able opponents
who are willing to stoop to anything
to secure their nomination.
The religious and racial question
which was sprung in the recent guber
natorial campaign Is perhaps the best
illustration of the point raised. Such
a situation is deplorable, to say the
least, and now that the primaries are
over, it leaves a bad taste in the
mouths of those who were defeated
by It, and may result in the election of
a governor from the minority party.
Curb Needed on Immigration.
SHERWOOD, Or., May 29. (To the
Editor.) I wish to congraulate The
Oregonian on Its most effective edito
rial, "Danger In Mixing Races." If
more newspapers and people all over
this United States of America would
express themselves regarding the im
migration of Slavs, Hindus, Japs,
Chinese, etc., perhaps the resulting
public clamor would sound ever so
faintly on the eardrums of our most
worthy congressmen, immigration of
ficials, etc. Everywhere all over our
great country the native American is
compelled to compete with a lot of
Ignorant foreigners. Several years ago
the needs of our country required the
immigration of the sturdy, thrifty
and industrious people of Europe, but
that time has gone by.
FRANK STEVENS.
Nobody's Feelings Hurt,'
Astoria Budget.
Clatsop's way of recalling the pub
lic service commissioners and then
electing them again is a way of ad
ministering a gentle rebuke without
hurting anything but one's feelings.
However, the rest of the state was
more resentful, or knew better how to
vote a recall ballot, and derricked the
two officials out of their Jobs.
Proof of a Man's Bravery.
Answers, London.
Rndd He's what I call a brave
man.
Greene What do you mean by a
brave man?
"He's not afraid to die."
"How do you know he's not afraid
to die?"
"Because he lets his wife drive his
car when he's in It"
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montague.
MENTAL HAZARDS.
(In England golf clubs are held
liable for damage done by the play
eis.) I used to fear to slice a ball '
Lest, flying all awry,
It might depart the course and fall
Upon some passer-by.
Who, should he prove a sorry sport.
As often is the case.
Would sue me in a justice court
For damage to his face.
So harried with this fear I got.
That I sliced almost every shot.
As on the tee my club I swung;
It always dimmed my Joy
To think it might destroy a young
And handsome caddie boy
Whose parents later would appear.
And wrathful, sour and grim.
Would say reproachfully: "Look here;
You've got to pay for hlml"
In contemplation of this crime
I swung my clubs most all the time.
I never liked to over-chip
It chilled me to the heart
To think a too long shot might rip
A greenhouse roof apart.
These- florists are such serious folk.
And rude and hard to please.
One cannot make them see the joke
In accidents like these.
And so each time I made the rounds
My chips flew always out of bounds.
But if I know the club must pay
For damage I have wrought
I find I generally can play
Exactly as I ought
My drives are straight my chips are
true.
No clubs I idly swing;
I do not fret or fuss or stew
For fear of anything.
But now I can't do any harm;
I find the game has lost its charm.
When the Scrapping Begins.
A considerable nart of the warships
of the world are soon to be subtracted
from the nation's floating debt
For What They Are.
Senator Borah ought to know by
this time that the reason why we do
not recognize the bolsheviks Is be
cause we do recognize them.
Not An Overcharge.
A New York woman was fined a
dollar for assaulting a theater ticket
speculator. It must have been worth
at least $10 to her.
(Copyrlg-ht by the Bell syndicate. Inc.)
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of May 80, 189T.
Salt Lake. General Traffic Man
ager Eccles of the Oregon Short Line
announced yesterday that the Ogden
gateway would be opened to all con
necting lines on June 1.
- Doubts are entertained whether
there will be a rose show held this
season and the State Horticultural
society has postponed the dates al
ready announced.
"East Lynne," a popular emotional
drama, is the bill at the Third-street
theater this week, commencing with
the performance tonight
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of May 30. 1872.
Boston. The report that the en
tire Newfoundland sealing fleet was
destroyed was exaggerated and only
12 vessels were lost.
Jet bandeaux for the hair are again
a la mode and the rage for tortoise
shell Is slowly dying out.
Dr. Bourne, the pedestrian, reached
Salem at 12:40 Tuesday, having left
Portland or Monday morning.
The stage plying between Walla
Walla and White's in Umatilla coun
ty spilled the mails and express mat
ter into the Tumaium river a few
days ago.
WORKERS OPPOSED TEN TO ONE
Daylight Saving Means Only Loss of
Sleep for Them.
ST. JOHNS, Or., May 29. (To the
Editor.) I see that agitation for day
light saving is up for argument once
more. Speaking from my past ex
perience and giving the sentiment of
many other laboring men who haven't
the time to argue the matter only on
street cars while going to and from
their work, I would suggest that if
the banks and clearing house see fit.
let them open the banks an hour or
two earlier, if they desire, but let
the poor workers alone. I am sure
they don't object.
As it is now, we have to take a
6 o'clock car to get to our work and
hang to a strap all the way home at
6 P, M., or even later, so why make
us suffer an hour more in the morn
ing? We can't go to sleep any earlier
at night rn account of the children
playing out until dark at 10 P. M.,
and where men have to work the
first eight-hour shift in many places
from 6 A. M. until 2 P. M., they, have
to leave home by 4:30 A. M. to put
them at work in time. By placing
the clock ahead an hour earlier they
would have to get up at 3 or 3:30
AM.
I notice the banks don t ask us
when they shall open or close, but we
working people have to wait out on
the street until they see fit to open
their doors. I am only speaking the
sentiment of the working class of
people, and I am safe to say if it
came to a vote of the people it would
go ten to one against the daylight
saving. C. E. ROYER.
THEIR MESSAGE.
A million soldiers passed away,
(Bend low, O tearful giver!)
Unite to speak to you today
From the banks of the Great White
River.
Bend low and hear what the soldiers
say,
Who gave their lives in mortal fray
And return no more forever.
Upon a million graves today,
(Stoop with your wreaths and
crosses!)
A million men In death's decay
Now rot beneath the mosses.
Stoop low and hear what the soldiers
say
To ali who weep and all who pray
Mourning a sad world's losses:
We loved life once in tender. May.
(Hark to the fife's shrill quavari;
In serried neaps our bodies lay;
Soldiers must not waver.
Hark to the thing that soldiers say
Tne aeDt you owe you can never
pay
With tears and a floral favor:
Let no one rest while war holds sway
(List to tne nay winds sighing!)
God gave you will, go find a way
To keep your race from dying
Listen to wnat tne soiuiers say
Upon this sad Memorial day.
Under the grasses lying.
Go home and put your swords away
(Hark to the muffled drumming!
Let good will reign from this fail
day; t
Hushed be the battle's humming!
This is what the soldiers say
To all who weep and all who pray:
"Peace to the world is coming!"
MARY HESTER FORCE,