10
THE MORNING- OREGONIAN, TUESDAY, 3IARCII 21, 1023
KSTABLIMHKD BY HENRY L.TlTTOC K.
'. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.
; mo oixm street, forua.ua, Oregon.
C. A. 1IORDEN, E. B. PIPER,
Manager. Editor.
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I'. OCR ARMY OX THE RHINE.
By following presentation to the
.", allies of our bill for maintenance of
' the American army on the Rhine
t.' .'with the decision to withdraw all of
- our troops from Germany before
" July 1, the administration gives
- practical effect to its opinion that we
. have no direct interest in collection
of the reparation indemnity or in
any of the political purposes of al
-'lied occupation of the Rhine bridge
' heads. The allies have already col
lected from Germany far more than
Z enough to pay our military expenses
,t in that quarter, and under the armis
tice cost of the army of occupation
I is a first charge on any payments by
Germany. - Then we have no interest
in future payments, and we have no
cause to keep a sheriffs posse on the
I Rhine, ready to go deeper into Ger-
many and enforce payment.
; But it Is not to be inferred from
the fact that Mr. Hughe3 has handed
our bill to the allies that he intends
- immediately to demand payment,
- Though senators-may shout till they
. are hoarse that the allies should be
forced to pay, they know, or should
; know, that payment at the present
; time would do us more harm than
good and would tend to defeat our
most urgent purpose restoration of
. prosperity in America by restoring it
in Europe. We do not want pay
. ment in gold, for we have too much
; and Europe has too little of that
; metal for our good. We do not want
- payment in goods when our indus-
tries are working short time.
- It is safe to guess that Secretary
Hughes wants an acknowledgment
. that $241,000,000 of the sum in the
hands of the reparation commission
belongs to the United States and
wants it set aside to be disposed of
as our government shall direct. That
would be a hint both to the allies
and Germany that we have some
slight interest in reparations. It
would be a hint to our irreconcil
ables that proper care for our In
terests requires that we be repre
sented on the reparation commis
sion. Having that sum of money on
deposit, we should have something
before the eyes of Europe to make
it more amenable to our views on
economic reconstruction. If all po
litical differences among European
states should be ironed out and if
they should reduce their armies so
as to bring their expenses within
their income, the United States
might lend several of them slices-of
that fund to be used in establish
ing a gold-secured currency or in
peaceful reconstruction of railroads,
roads, bridges and other public
- work. Thus used, it would make
markets for many times its amount
in the value of American goods sold
to Europe.
By hastening disarmament and
financial adjustment, the demand
for payment of our army cost would
help to remove the worst obstacles
to American participation in an
economic conference, if not at Genoa
in April, then at some other city
later. Mr. Hughes is using tactful
pressure to that end. He has passed
a milestone on the road to Genoa.
The first effect of the American
withdrawal may be disappointment
among the allies and joy among the
Germans, but it has been anticipated
and discounted by the complete
agreement between Premiers Lloyd
, George and Poincare in their recent
conference at Boulogne. Nothing
but the actual drafting of a treaty
remained to effect a defensive alli
ance against Germany. They know
that they must pull together In order
-to collect anything, and Lloyd
' George may be restrained from
' balking" by a well-founded belief
I that, if driven to it. Poincare is
. ready to send a French army into
Germany to take all that It can get,
- without British help and regardless
of British protest. The first requisite
- to settlement of reparation and of
all political questions in Europe is
that Great Britain and France work
together. By so doing they can pave
the way for economic reconstruc
tion and for American assistance in
that work.
A QUESTION OF ETHICS.
A nice question of ethics Is in
volved in the refusal of a distin
guished British scientist to co-operate
with officials of the government
in chemical warfare research. The
ground of his declination is that he
desires to have nothing to do with a
work of Investigation that Is essen
tially destructive in its character. If,
we suppose he will argue, the Ger
mans had not studied out poison gas,
this instrument would not have been
employed in the late war.
But a point that the scientist
seems to have missed is that if the
nations which abhorred poison gas,
and which would in all probability
have refrained from using It if they
had known about it, were materially
handicapped by want of knowledge
when the time came to offset it with
counter inventions of their own.
Poison gas is not all there Is to
chemical warfare, but it serves as an
example of a department of research
in which it might have been wished
that the allies had been readier than
they were. Nor is it easy always to
determine in advance just which
agents of destruction are destructive
only, and which may serve an even
higher' purpose. Alfred Nobel, who
gives a peace prize and who was es
sentially peaceful in his aspirations,
made his fortune from the invention
amite, which is likely to prove
ong run to have been more
important in industry than it has
been destructive in war.
The scientist's conscience, of
course, is a possession of his own.
We may honor his consistency with
out agreeing with him in his Inter
pretation of duty. The National
Union of Scientific Workers, which
now has the matter under discus
sion, has no one-sided problem to
soie. -
uunnr -a tuv wsv.
"""" lo WAX.
Bastern Oregon people want lower taxeslem. It would be more Illuminating if
nH aoam in ho fn vat-neat aKn, it. th.i.
attitude is standing firmly against the
fleece the taxpayers Is oretty good evi
i Virr latin ,Ynn,ifmn r h o m a fxtwr
aence ot tneir determination. W hether
they will succeed in accomplishing any-
tning is very aouotrut. since the same oia
party workers will be elected to the legis-
lature, pledged to economy in advance, and
determined to vote lor any money-spend-
i'JLnXf
fui party workers who must be "taken eare
ofu f thJi expense of tne people. That is
vocated by papers like The Oregonian,
means in tne nnai analysis. In the very
r.ature of things it must in due course of
time become a "government of the party,
oy tne party and for tne party" Just
wnat we nave in Oregon, with its tnous
nd of salariert offirl.l. .11 f them
whooping it up for the reoublican Darty
ana arawing tneir salaries regularly. so
you've got what you want? Eugene
lj Uara. .
Party government? It is not party
government when there is no equal know what are the defects of a di
balance, or anything near it, between 1 rect primary method of the people
the parties, and when there is no
party responsibility or accountability
of any, kind.
But let that pass. What system
can be devised by the Guard, or by I their advice are back-room, gather
those for whom it speaks, that will I ings, group conferences and class
ssure better men in public office,
and particularly more highly quail-
fied men and women in the legisla-
ture, and other tax-appropriating
and tax-spending bodies, than are
now elected? . -
We seek light and guidance. When
we find a better plan of popular
election, through direct or repre-
sentative expression of the will of
the people, or the reasonable prom-
ise of a better plan, The Oregonian
will be for it. What is it?
REVISING AX OLD PROVERB. .,
j.ne scientists are rapiuiy recon -
structing our ideas of what const!-
tutes the impossible, reminding us,
aS,-ana"t,;lty hemlstry
said, that it is .only by overcoming
nature that man can rise. "The
history of civilization," said the
philosopher Huxley, "details the
fPw man ?f. ?ucceed
in building up an artificial world
within the cosmos." Tet even the
term "artificial" is relative. Why is
it that we should regard creative
effort, in which the mind and the
hand of man are employed in fash- I of the Pacific treaty driven for argu
ioning articles of his desire from the I ments that Senator Johnson made
articles which nature has provided
for him in their raw- state, as more I
'artificial" than the shelter which
he constructs from forest trees or
the clothing that he weaves from the
wool on the sheep's back?-' For if
everything it artificial which is not
as nature made it, then nothing but
chaos is unartificlal, for chaos is a
natural state. Unco-ordinated, the
forces of nature are not particularly
valuable to man. - I
brochure issued by an eastern chem-
cal concern in which is described
the confoundine of the man who
invented the phrase. Intended to
describe the height of the impossible,
which runs to the effect that "you
can't make a silk purse out of a I
sow's ear." The laboratorv pxnerts I
of this company procured from a 1
packing house a consignment of
carefullv selected ears of sows, which i
were subjected to certain processes
of chemical disintegration, and I
finally of reconstruction, which
presently resulted in the production
of a fiber resembling silk, and from
this a purse was woven. Now, no
claim is made that it is a Darticularlv
e-ood nurse, or that we shall no
longer see purses of real silk on
exhibition in the stores; but the
Dolnt is that a nroverb meant to
envision a futility has been rendered
as naught because we are constantly
narrowing the field of that which
was formerly regarded as Impossible,
Even though no man shall ever
carrv monev in this novel creation
of synthetic silk, it deserves a high
nlac.fi in th mnsmim of our minds
as a symbol of progress in the effort
to widen the horizon of the human 1
race. 1
"Gradually then." says Edward E.
Slosson in hi3 "Creative Chemistry,
man will substitute for the natural
world an artificial world, molded
nearer to his heart's desire. Man
the artifex will ultimately master
nature ana reign supreme over his
own creation until chaos shall come
again. In the ancient drama it was
deus ex machina that came in the
end to solve the problems of the
play. It is to the same supernatural
agency, the divinity in machinery,
that we must look for the salvation
of society. It is by means of applied
science that the earth can be made
habitable and a decent- human life
made possible. Creative evolution is
at last becoming conscious."
The precise extent in vwhlch we
shall regard any of the accomplish- I
mantoi nt man a a ' rt r-f fi rt 1 " -will I
- -
depend largely on the point of view I
and the width of experience of
individual Nature In a period of
years refertilizes her temporarily
exnaustea sous: men hasten the
extraction of nitrogen from air byjveyed; vast and unnecessary waste
cunning process, ana employ
artificial" nitrates to speed up the
same process of restoration. Oxidi-1
zation by chemical action In the j
commercial laboratory would seem
to be no less natural a process than
the more tedious way that nature
has of accomplishing a similar
result. If a German chemist finds
seventeen ways of making indigo,
each employing the materials that
nature has provided, ls the indigo
less a product of nature because it
as been synthesized by passing
through the brain of man another
of nature's own creations? I
Etymologically, the artificial is
that which is the result of the artl-
fice of man; broadly considered,' it
Is but the product of a hastening
process devised by scientists who are
weary of waiting oi nature's ancient
ways and have improved upon them,
Synthetic billiard balls, - already
hailed as "better than real ivory,"
and synthetic rubber, already scien-
tifically but not industrially accom-
plished, testify, not to artificiality
in a disparaging connotation, but to
genuineness of human achievement
quite as remarkable, we think, as
th products tney are designed to I
supplant. I
By making a silk purse from a
sow's ear the chemists have done J
more than fabricate a useful recep-1
tacle for loose change. They have lem in which all the people are In
gon a Jong way toward destroying j terested; the same thing is true of
I the illusion that the ingenuity of
man has limitations, and have called
I attention to a new definition of the
I term "artificial" and to a new con-
I ception of the function of scientific
1 chemistry. For scientific achieve-
- 1 ment in industry is after all but
- I another step in the effort to control
the forces which nature evidently
Intended that man should shape to
- j his own ends.
I pure TYRirF.rvrS-
It seems that The Oregonian believes in
1 restoring tne convention ayaLvm ,i u win
correct errors in the direct primary sys-
The Oresronian would inform its readers
what there Is about the direct primary
- 1 must be admitted, and it would be quite
I Liiat neeus i tsiurmiiiK . 11 is uui ucucui. i.
1 i"i.cwi.iiis icaums, Ma ...
I rom the editor of The Oregonian pointing
l uul lv y--
I mary method of the people making
I choice without advice from party conven
J tiono. ouuuum luucpeuutju.
'While The Oregonian has neve
been an admirer of the wide-open
I direct primary it has never given oc-
I casion for anybody to assume that It
I wishes we might go back to the
I ,,;. maT,r
convention system as formerly con-
ducted. In short, It Knows any DOSS
- 1 - t-..j. s. t
1 rmeo. convention IS uai, uui .ii '
I not. llKe some others, so suriocatea
hv ., -vi, nf ,one. H n that It can-
I not breathe a word of protest about
I tVi o. nhviniifi avila rf tllo nrpP!l t
The Woodburn paper wants to
making a choice without advice
I from conventions. The main defect
lis that they don't and that the con-
ventions from which they are-taking
I organizations,
Oregon, for a very brief period
had a primary convention system
under which delegates were elected
under direction and supervision of
I law. The system was thrown over
I board hardly before it had begun to
I function, that we might have a per-
eonal solicitation scheme, subject to
I star-chamber, group-convention en
I dorsement and manipulation. We
created a system which, by and
large, gives us less fit men for can
didates, and we pay handsomely in
election costs ror tne privilege or
f .j. rimo ontororl th
f,e,d a3 a fetlgh It ls stm a fetish
f, w0 it i fotisr, r,
for no other apparent reason, many
are still content to pay with hard
money and poor government. There
Is a middle ground between the ex
tremes of old-time convention and
modern direct primary that would
be an improvement on both.
FIKDIXG MICROSCOPIC FACIT.
To what straits are the opponents
I much of the statement that the res-
ervation to the United States of free-
dom of action in regard to the man-
dated islands was written at the
same time as the treaty! Why was
it not made part of the treaty? Was
Secretary Hughes already in such
doubt as to the meaning of the
treaty which he had just drawn that
he. found it necessary to clarify its
meaning? Nor was he silenced
when Senator Lodge said that Mr.
I Hughes suggested the reservation.
nl l remove any doubts enter-;
tamea oy tne makers 01 me treaty
but to guard against doubts that
might be raised by others, probably
having in mind Mr. Johnson and his
Drotner irreconciiaDies.
Tbe question why this reservation
was maae ana wuy xi was uui uuuib
Part of the body of the treaty is
IS1""5 immaterial, xi is mere wra i
quite as enecuve as a supplement as
lt would have been in the body of
tne treaty, ana it remuves yuosiuie
douDt on one point. 10 anticipate
ana remove in advance any douDt
that might possibly arise in the
minds of Mr. Johnson and his fel-
low-irreconcilables would be impos-
slble, for their thoughts are corn-
pounaea 01 aouDt as to tne mem 01
any olner men 8 worn.
Even the grammar displeased that
great master of English, Senator
Ashurst, for he said that the pact
should have read "among," not -'be-
tween," the four powers. Irrespec-
Uve of tne certainty that it will lose
no virtue tnrougn use or Between
that use with relation to more than
two objects is sanctioned by the
Standard dictionary. But such petty
picKing to pieces 01, we treaty umy
serves to utsiray Lilt? cuiaiiueas ut iui
opponents minds,
WASTE rv dtdtjstry.
a committee of the Federated
American Eneineerincr Societies
which has been making a study of
the extent to which waste in industry
is preventable finds that a tremen-
dous burden is being carried by so-
ciety as a whole which is due to the
fact that we are still profoundly
lacking in that high average degree
0f the mental and moral forces of
management which alone make cer-
tain the permanent prosperity of the
economic life of a country. The
striking feature Indeed of the report
i9 its arraignment of management,
whose shortcomings are held to be
lartrplv inexcusable. As Frederick
m. Davenports who reviews the re-
, , . , J ,,xt
port, in tne uuuuuit, a,ya, tne re-
anonsibilitv of labor is real, but less
in deeree. Manae-ement has the
ereater genius, the greater capacity.
ht has also, therefore, the greater
obligation." Six Industries were sur.
was found in all of them; but the
findings place over 50 per cent of
the responsibility at the door of
management and less than 25 per
cent at the . door of labor. ,
It is well therefore when we are
inclined to rest on our laurels as the
most efficient industrial nation in
the world, which has come to be a
too - commonly accepted formula, to
reflect that- the statement may not
bear scrutiny. In any event, it
seems to be a question whether we
have adapted Industry to the chaner-
iner needs of new times. In an an-
cient dav. when individuals were
more or less self-contained, when
the distance between producer and
consumer was not -as great as it Is
now and when human wants were
simple and easily fulfilled, waste was
not as tragic in its consequences as
it now is in the first place because
those who permitted it were the pri-
mary ones to suffer, and In the next,
because mistakes of management
did not react upon entirely innocent
parties to the transaction. -But the
grouping of industries, production
on an enormous scale and other
phenomena of the present century
have produced a situation In which
the victims of waste are powerless to
help themselves. - High costs of liv-
ing, so far as they are the product
of unnecessary waste, create a prob-
unnecessary unemployment. The
spectacle of men who have spared
no pains to fit themselves to do work
of high grade unable to find a mar
ket for their wares, only oecause the
Industry of which they are a part .is
badly organized, suggests that we
still have much to learn.
The typical industries Investigated
included the building trades, men's
ready - made clothing, " boots and
shoes, printing, the metal trades and
textiles. The principal sources of"
waste are summarized as avoidable
labor conflict, seasonal operation,
unemployment, high labor turnover,
speculative booms, and over-production.
It is unreasonable to conclude
that these can be prevented in all
instances because they have bee
eliminated in some instances, but the
successes of certain exceptional
types of management at least fur
nishes us a high standard toward
which to work and a foundation for
future hope. Managers probably do
not realize their moral responsibility
to society as a. whole, which may be
as great as the obligation they owe
their employers to make a profit for
them. -
But the fact seems to be, as is il
lustrated by a charge made against
the shoe industry, that duty to SO'
ciety and duty to dividend-expecting
stockholders are not necessarily In
consistent. The shoe manufacturers
are accused directly of lacking a sys-
tem, taking the business as a whole,
for the economization , of leather,
while the loss occasioned by waiting
for work and material amounts to
more than a third of the time. Of
course it is understood by the veriest
tyro that waste- of leather where
widespread falls eventually upon
the wearer of shoes, and that the
loss in time also reacts upon the con
Burner, although it also- works a
hardship upon the workman. These
latter wastes are matters in which
the whole country is concerned, be
cause they affect not only the price
of shoes, but the purchasing power
of men who make shoes, and so in a
definite measure the general eco
nomic situation of the nation as a
whole. The same principle holds
good as to other industries in which
waste of material and labor time ap
pear. The report of the committee is
not an argument for compulsory
standardization but rather for study
of methods by which economies not
affecting , quality of product ad
versely may be brought about.
It will surprise those who have the
feeling of having been fed up on
magazine articles on efficiency to "be
told that in the majority of the
plants studied by the committee
there were no adequate methods of
cost accounting, or of discovering
waste, or detecting when improve
ments are- necessary. Employment
methods are still antiquated. Per
sonal relations with employes are de
fective, men being discharged and
quitting without any responsible ex'
ecutive knowing the reasons why.
High labor turnover entails immense
waste, "due to lack of human sense
and human method on the part of
gTeat sections of American manage
ment." The building trades are con
spicuous for having given almost no
consideration to the problem of
labor turnover. Low production due
to , inefficient workmanship in all
tne trades stuoiea is paruy uue tu
failures of management to provide
opportunities for training; it is by no
means all due to lack of fundamen
tal interest or pride on the part of
the workers; as has been too gener
ally assumed.
About a million men are con
stantly unemployed in the United
States, even in normal times.- This
is ' due to the seasonal character of
certain trades, which seem not to
have made sufficient effort to rem
edy the defect, as well a to labor
disturbances and irregularitv of de
mand. And unemployment, as the
report points out, is me most dis
quieting phenomenon of our indus
trial life, because it is a prolific
cause of social unrest. The remedy
suggested, "the employment of more
brains and humanity on the part of
American management, ' constitutes
a call to the highest types of men in
the country to realize the dual na
ture of their stewardship and their
responsibility not only toward stock'
holders but to the entire people as
well,
We gather from the tone of re
marks ms.de at the tax conference
that the one thing on which there is
complete unanimity is that taxes
have about reached the limit. How
to reduce them is a question calling
for genuinely constructive states
manship.
To check crime in New Tork, all
suspicious appearing persons are to
be taken in for investigation. New
Tork now is so cosmopolitan that
only the native can be suspected at
sight. -
The successful candidate for post
master of Halsey had a majority
over all in a local election to decide
the appointment. That plan Is so
simple as almost to be democratic.
Waterfront rehabilitation, to cost
$10,000,000, has been shelved to
await conclusion of more' important
affairs. A ten-million propdsition is
not to be treated hurriedly.
Vhat we need is co-ordination, so
that the bait-digger will leave the
ground in condition to plant the
spring garden in.
) . -
Miss Tarbell objects to superop-
timism." Anyway it is better than
superpessimism, and a good deal
scarcer, too. '
The spring flood is running off
the Mississippi in time to clear the
way for the Missouri rise.
To make a moonshiner drink his
product is to administer cruel and
inhuman punishment.
Prominent men are known by the
enemies they make; others by their
foolishness.
Radio yet may transmit the cur
tain lectures some men hear far into
the night.
If a dbg is worth while, it Is worth
the price of a license. Most dpgs are.
British supremacy on Wrangel
island is not worth a wrangle.
Tex Rlckard's trial will shade the
third Arbuckle affair.
Citizenship is valuable when one is
in danger of losing it.
'-. A Maine election is a light-weight
preliminary,
SCfENCB APPROACHES SOLUTION
Phenomena of Thought Waves) and
Subconscious Acta to Be Understood.
PORTLAND, March 20. (To the
Editor.) The Oregonian's account of
Dr. Walter Franklin Prince's Investi
gation of the so-called "Canada
ghosts" with signal success, is highly
interesting, especially to those who
are not- novices in the field of psy
chology. I am deeply interested in
this report from the fact that upward
of 25 years ago I predicted (and I
have many living witnesses among
some of first business people who
will readily bear me out) that the
day would come when all these pe
culiar phenomena, would be properly
ana correctly explained on scien
tif ic principles."
My daily experiences for the last
25 or 30 years in that peculiar sphere
seem to bear out many, if not all, the
conclusions of Dr. Prince in many
respects. But one of his statements
appealed most strongly to my mind,
1. e that consequent upon, and con
sistent with an experiment with Mr.
Whidden, he arrived at the conclusion
that the ensuing volcanic and sudden
outburst of automatic writing was
clearly traceable to a source of either
spirit-communication, or telepathy,
which embraces the world like a sys
tem of telegraph wires. Whether or
not the- fires, in this instance, were
set by the girl in the family is of
little consequence, except insofar as
the insurance companies may be in
terested, but the best conclusions
drawn therein, to my mind, are the
theories of non-culpability on her
part, showing an undoubted con
viction that whatever mischief she
might have done under the spell, or
whatever you may call it, in the
trance state, her actions were invol
untary and dictated by an influence
or agency of which she knew nothing.
As for the slaps that Harold Whid
den, Halifax Herald reporter, and
P. C. Carroll, detective, seem to have
suffered from a ghostly hand, the
doctor's explanation is anything but
intelligible to the average mind, and
in this connection, I speak from ex
perience, when I state that Whiden
and Carroll did not slap each other,
but were impelled by an irresistible
power to slap themselves. It is a
terrible punishment a person can in
flict upon one's self, under such a
compulsion, and it requires an heroic
effort of the objective consciousness
to. unloosen the fist, ready to strike
at one's self, after the intention has
been objectively anticipated.
Nothing can be gained by scoffing
and science demands naught but the
truth. In one thing, however, I must
take issue with Dr. Prince, and that
is the statement that he has dis
proved the wireless wave theory
unless they are endowed with Intelli
gence, for I hold with Marconi and
others that naught else is account-1
able for these phenomena. It is also
accepted as Bishop's explanation of
his, mind-reading proclivities, that
the mind-waves emanate from the
human brain.
Let us have the truth and nothing
but the truth about these matters and
the day will come when humanity at
large, accepting the verified accounts
of acknowledged scientists, will
change its ways and viewpoints and
live a more decent and moral life for
the sake of its future happiness.
JULIUS ADLER.
Congressional Committee Assig-nments
SALEM, Or., March 19. (To the
Editor.) Please tell me to what com
mittees in congress our United States
senators and representatives have
been assigned. MAIDA CALDWELL,
Senator McNary is chairman of the
committee on irrigation ar.d reclama
tion and a member of the committees
on agriculture and forestry; com
merce; Indian affairs; manufactures.
Senator Stanfield Is a member of
the committees on civil service:
claims; post offices and posF roads;
public "lands and survey
Representative McArthur is a mem
ber of the committee on" naval affairs;
Representative Hawley of ways and
means; Representave Sinnott chair
man of the committee on public lands
and member of the committee on irri
gation of arid lands.
Realty Agents' Contract.
PORTLAND, March 20. (To th-5
Editor.) If a person gives a real
estate agent the privilege of selling
a piece of property without a written
and signed contract, can that agent
legally or by any state law collect a
commission if the property is sold by
owner or any other party?
INFORMATION.
A real estate agent's contract must
be in writing and must express the
consideration. Unless he holds such
written authority he cannot recover
by legal action. -
No Old Age Pensions.
PORTLAND," March 20. (To the
Editor.) Is there any pension for old
people or a widows' pension for a
widow past 70 years old, having her
own home but no income and not
able to work? OLD SUBSCRIBER.
There is no old-age pension; there
is no widows' pension except the pen-
B1UU Ol WJlilW 111 I.MU VH YClCiailU,
; a i .1 .. -n 1 ... ...............
widows of other war veterans under j
certain conditions and the state pen-
of widows having dependent '
minor children. 1
No Confession In Murder Case.
PORTLAND, March 20. (To the Edi
tor.) Kindly publish the circum
stances of the Durant murder and
whether or not any one ever con
fessed to the killing of the two girls
in the belfry of a church. W. T. M.
Neither Durant nor anybody else
onfessed to the murders of which he
was accused. Persons interested in
the case should consult the newspaper
files at the public library, beginning
April 15, 1895.
Bryan's Next Move.
OORVALLIS. Or., March 19. (To
the Editor.) In The Oregonion. March
14 you discuss Mr. Jiryan s next move.
On that point permit me to suggest
that the one and only logical next
move for William Jennings Bryan is
n ioin forces with WilDer Ulenn vo-
liva in his educational activities and
ecome a prophet of Lion. Then he
will present to an admiring (?) world
perfectly rounaeo, consistent, men
tal and spiritual complex.
H. M. WOOLMAN. .
Real Moonshine ls Defined.
Judge.
First Motorist I had a drink of
real moonshine the other day.
Second Motorist How was it?
"I find that I can get about the
same result if 'I kiss a ' spark-plug
when my motor is running."
. Average Weight of Women.
HUSUM, Wash., March 19. (To the
Editor.) Please tell me the correct
weight for a woman 5 feet 3 inches
tall, 36 years old.
DAILY READER.
About 134 pounds is the average.
Wasted Energy Is Shown.
Judge.
Chauffeur Harry Let's hold up
that week-end party.
Strong-arm Mike Whats the use?
Mrs. Skinnem always trims her guests
at bridge.
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales of Voiles at the Hotels.
"Bootleggers are taking up a good
deal of our time in Cilliam county,"
says T. A. Weinke, district attorney.
"We have prosecuted a large number
and have won every case with a
single exception. The bootleggers
are soaked from J200 to $500 as a
fine and are being sent to jail for
30, 60 and 90 days. It used to be
that fellows would chip in and pay
the fine, but now the fines are heavy
and there is no way of chipping in
to help a man with a jail sentence.
The bootleggers, are not doing a
rushing business, for money isn't
very free. There is a fellow who
boasted that he has a still out in the
country and he even took a man in
the yicinity several times and defied
him t discover it. The plaee is said
to be concealed in the sagebrush and
is so arranged that even the smoke
cannot be seen. That fellow will yet
be caught."
Filled to the-brim with arguments
why -only people owning property
should be permitted to vote on meas
ures involving finances, - Senator
Strayer of Baker is at the Imperial.
The senator has not yet announced
himself as a candidate for re-election
but will probably do so shortly. If
he had more confidence in his health
he would take a shot at the demo
cratic nomination for governor.
Senator Strayer is, perhaps, the most
ardent advocate in the state of a
property . qualification for voters In
all matters where money ls involved.
his contention being that much o
the tax burden now complained
was saddled on the taxpayers by
voters who pay no tax. He wants to
see an initiative measure along that
line submitted at the November
general election.
"There are so many roads now
opening for. tourists and so much
tourist travel to attract that the old
Commercial club at Condon has been
revived," says James Burns, former
mayor of Condon and president of
the club. "It will be a real live
organisation and we expect to show
results this year. The way to attract
the tourists and get our share of the
business which they create is to
advertise and all the advantages of
Condon and the surrounding country
will be made known to tourists on
the main traveled roads this season
Dr. I. U. Temple of Pendleton,
prospective candidate for the legis
lature from Umatilla county, is i
Portland visitor, bein one of the
delegation attending the tax reduc
tion convention. Dr. Temple is an
advocate of the state income tax and
thinks about $10,000,000 can be raised
that way. The doctor favors a rebate
to the counties somewhat similar to
the rebate which counties receive
from the motor vehicle tax. Accord
ing to his views, everyone should
pay some tax so as to contribute
something toward the maintenance
of government and give everyone a
sense of responsibility for expend!
tures.
"The dike across Nehalem bay is
about finished and ready to have the
roadway built on top of it," reports
O. E. Effenberger of Nehalem, Or.
who is here attending the tax meet
ing. The dike, which will reclaim
several hundred acres of delta soil
will be broad' enough for a wide road
and the dike owners and county
court have made an arrangement by
means of which this can be dene.
Mr. Effenberger was formerly a saw
mill man at Nehalem but the mill
was destroyed by fire.
J. T. Lleuallen, a dirt farmer of
Adams, Or., is in the city for a few
days. . Mr. Lieuallen has been raising
grain in Umatilla county for a long
number of years. He is most elo
quent when the subject of taxes is
mentioned as his own taxes have in
creased 100 per cent in the past five
years, and in his opinion every dollar
should pay its share of taxes, and
therefore he wants an income tax,
contending that it will not drive
money out of the state. -
Marion Jack, former member of the
state game and fish commission.
prominent republican and well-known
wheat grower of Umatilla county, is
a Portland visitor. He is a member
of the Umatilla delegation to the tax
reduction league conference at the
central library.
R. E. Cherrick of Barlow, Marion
county, is in town talking about high
taxes. Mr. Cherrick, who has been
active in the non-partisan league
movement In Oregon, ls a candidate
for nomination as representative In
Marion county on the republican
ticket. He is, the man who, several
months ago when the non-partisan
league held a mass meeting in Port
land, proposed that the league bring
out Charles E. Spence, master of the
state grange, for governor.
J. T. Hinkle, one of the hest' known
citizens of eastern Oregon, is at the
Imperial. Mr. Hinkle is being men
tioned as a possible candidate for
the house or senate from Umatilla
county. He is secretary of the tax
payers league of ,that county.
D, f T-Vllflll. n- nna f
the 'prominent members of the state
grange, is in Portland. Mr. Burtner
wants to see the 6 per cent tax
limitation reversed, so that this
amount - or -cut win me , maae eacn
year for the next five years.
Mr. and ,Mn N. Bisslnger of San
Francisco ' arrived at the Benson
yesterday and were met by J. N.
Heilner, an attorney of Baker, Or.,
a relative, who had arrived at the
same time from eastern Oregon. Mr.
Bisslnger is in the hide business.
As a laddie George Hardle roamed
about Blairgowrie, Scotland, but for
the past 35 years he has been a sheep
and wheat ' man in Crilliam county.
Mr. Hardie is in the city from Condon,
Mrs. A W. Walker, wife of an
automobile dealer of Medford, ls
registered at the Hotel Oregon. With
her daughter she is here on a shop
ping tour. ,
Joseph Keeber, banker of Mount
Angel, Or., is attending the tax
meeting.
Pronunciation of Name.
PORTLAND, March 20. (To the
Editor.) Please give proper pronun
ciation of the following words:
1. Bryn Mawr.
2. Galli-Curci.
3. Avon. ,
4. A prospector finds a rich mine
but on deeded ground. What.right3
has he in the mine? X.
1. Brin Mar T as in "it"; "a" as
in "far"; accent on second word.
2. GaMe Koor-che "A" as in
"far"; "e" as In "me"; accent on first
syllable in both words.
3. Avon is the name of several
rivers in the United Kingdom and of
several towns in America. The usual
pronunciation is A-von "a" as in
"cane" jand accented. The English
pronunciation in instances is E-ven
and in some American towns the "a"
takes the short sound as in "cat."
4. Ordinarily none. In a few in
stances the original government pat
ents reserved mineral rights' to the
public
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright. Houghton-Mifflin Co.
Cam You Answer These Questions I
1. Is milk good ao long as it does
not sourT
2. What rabbit changes Its coat In
winter!
S. Should bird houses be built with
a perch near the entrance?
Answers in tomorrow's Nature
Notes.
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. Do we have any native silk
worms in America?
Yes, though not domesticated and
used commercially tor -raising silk.
The caterpillars of cecropia, prorae-
thea, polyphemus and luna moths are
strictly speaking-, all silk worms.
Their cocoons are eaid to be capable
of providing silk thread of good qual
ity.
2. If, as you state, small frogs,
fishes and lizards cannot be dropped
from the clouds, how do you account
for an occurrence where after a heavy
summer rain the ground was found!
covered with angleworms and a big
milkpail on a platform snowed a I
bunch of them coiled when the milk
was poured out at the creamery?
We do not know how such stories
get circulated. We suggest that read
ers who credit them read up on the
habits of the earthworm. It lives
underground practically all the time.
breeds there and. being a heavier-
SSfrdl.at .il.r1
paratory to being "rained down." Of
course after a sudden very heavy rain
these wormj do come to the surface
at times, but they come from below,
not from above!
, - s
3. How do birds that gulp down a
whole fish at a time, like kingfishers
and seagulls, manage the bones and
scales?
They do practically what the owl
does with bones and fur of his small-
animal food digest the soft and
nourishing portions of the meal and
throw up, or regurgigate, anything
too tough to be dissolved by the di
gestive Juices.
FLEETING THOUGHTS,
Beside a bowered stream one day
T t n .. 1 .-lan,
Where woodsy things told tales tome,
Ao T lav An ViA oartA
Of Nymphs that dwelt within the
wood
And w&ter nnritea that knew
Much more than what was known by
men
And all, they said, was true.
They told of Mab the Fairy Queen
Of Fib, and Guendolen;
Of Griffin-feet, the tell-tale mark,
That I'd not heard till then.
Of Finetta, the cinder girl
And Oberon, the fay,
And Oberon, the fairy king.
Who wed Titania.
And how he sailed o'er seas with her,
In shadow craft, full rigged.
And when they reached old lands
afar
In moonshine danced and jigged.
Oh, those were wondrous tales they
told
To me that lovely day!
And then the Nymphs showed me
their power
Of spiriting away.
And as I watched, the naiads rose
From out the water blue, '
And into new fledged sprights were
changed;
Then into air they flew.
Each one became a butterfly
Of wonderous beauty, rare!
And each before me paused a while.
A tilt upon the air
Ere fluttering away In space.
Though I would fain have held
Them all within my hand for aye,
Or till delight was eld.
It chanced that some I snared on
wing.
Which now with Memory dwell.
But other gorgeous ones flew off
Where only Nymphs can tell.
When sated with the sight I asked
What all this show had meant:
The Nymphs replied that Butterflies,
Were thoughta by fairies cent.
And that they fly the live-long day
Among us mortal men.
And try to be of service, though
They are beyond our ken.
At length, when far from mystic
stream
The fairies' loved abode
I thought again of all I'd seen.
As homeward then. I trode.
Are fleeting thoughts Naiads on wing
That visit us each day?'
Are they like gorgeous butterfli
Illusive, furtive, gay?
And must they be ensnared on wing
If we would have them stay?
That fly so far away?
I
Thus oft I've pondered o'er the sights progresses more men are being en
Shown me that summer day, gaged.
Until I've learned that Knowledge ls, -
No other than the Fay!
PEARL GREGORY CARTLIDGE. (
Fuel From Goverament l ands.
HXLLSBORO, Or., March 19. (To
the Editor.) Please tell me if it li
legal to cut down and use any gov
ernment tree for fuel, providing
there is no waste and it is used for
one's self, or must it be obstructing
a roadway or a certain distance
from it? C. L. &
If the tree is in a national or state
fn...t If In AMAMflrT to ret. a nArmit
. 4. . I
iroilj mo
from the government forest office.
Homesteaders, settlers, farmers and
others can procure such timber free
of charge, but must first get the per
mit. If the tree is on public land,
but not In a national forest, then per
mission to1 touch it must be procured
from the land office.
Collection of Money Due,
KNAPPA, Or., March 19. To the Of
TCriltor Please tell me whether
thsre is any way to recover in the
following case:
Goods were ordered from an east-
ern concern, and at their request ex
press charges were added to remit-
tance. xney Kept tne money, sent
the goods collect and refuse to an-
swer letters or make matters rignt.
The amount Ooos not jusury suit, out
it goes against the grain to be I
erraf'ted like that.
A. W-i-LiLiiAMS.
Courts furnish the- only means of t
enforcing collection of claims.
Appraisal for Soldier's Loan.
ARLINGTON, Or., March 19. (To
the Editor.) Please advise if the sol-
diers asking for soldier's loan must
Dav transportation charges for ap-
praisers, after paying the $5 allowed
by law? It seems to be the opinion
of some appraisers that the applicant
must bear this extra expense,
AN EX-SOLDIER.
Appraisers must pay
their own
traveling expenses
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montasaa.
A BACKWARD LOOK1M1 MAN.
"I wanted my descendants
To be bullfrogs." said the newt.
"A frog ha independence.
He's crafty and astute.
He needn't dwell forever .
In one unending groove
But Mr. Bryan never
Would approve."
"The families Tve founded."
Observed the Jellyfish,
, "I hoped might be surrounded
By all a fish could wish.
But there ls no use tryln'
To give the kids a lift
For William Jennings Bryan
Would be miffed."
"I haven't the ambition,"
-The wombat usd to whins,
"To better the condition
Of progeny of mine.
My soul It much embitters
To think they have no chance
But Bryan saya us critters
Can't advance."
And eo these timid creatures
Emotionless and mute.
Retained their ancient features
And dld'nt evolute.
The newt might be a lion.
The jellyfish a trout
But William Jennings Bryan
Scared 'em out!
see
Too Late Now.
It ls unfortunate that we can n
twin's opinion of Bryan.sm.
A Vanished Iasrltarlom.
No longer ls there any honor among
thieves. Bandits robbed a New York
man who was on his way to a bucket
shop.
Admirably Suited.
We suggest Donnybrook as the new
capital for the Irish republic.
(Copyrlsht by the Bell RyndLriLKt Ine.)
Books.
By Grace E. IlalL
The wind tears at the window
Like a frightened, walling thing
That would seek the Inner shelter
To escape the winter's sting;
There are moans from twisted pins
I L
There .are strange and eerie sighs.
While gay chariots, swiftly racing,
Cross the speedway of the skies.
Deep within the silent places
Of man's nature hunger lives.
And he senses all suggestions
That the svorm-swept night time
gives;
Feels his soul torn by the tempest
Of his own unworded crave.
And the chariots seem like hear
Hurrying onward towards the
grave.
Then he turns the thrilling page
Of a book, the golden line
Of another's thought la followed
In Its weaving, deft and fine;
Wearied thoughts, re-charged add
eager,
Sweep across unmeasured snace.
Vital blood from alien source
Stirs the color in his face.
He may revel In the pictures
That another mind has known.
Adding figures, colors, lightings.
From the paints that are hla own;
He may rest In scented gardens
Near the fountain's rainbow spray.
Or across the glistening mountains
Take his bold, unhindered way.
The glow of life must change and
fade.
And old friends leave us. too.
But mental Journeys we have made
Are ours to linger through;
The fabric woven Just from thought
Is lasting cloth of gold.
And books retain their magic charm
Though we and life grow old.
In Other Days.
Twenty-Five Years Aso,
From The Oregonian of March 21, 1807.
Olympia. Wash. Governor Kogers
today refused to sanction the capltol
building project bill and vetoed the
measure.
Washington. Champ Clark kept
the house In an uproar of laughter
for. 15 minutes today when he took
Jhe floor and signalized his return
to congress In a characteristic speech.
The people of Forest Grove, in 1 Tat
too ro and Cornelius are agitating for
a plank bicycle road between the
first two towns.
A Night In Bohemia" will be put
on this week at the Marquam theater
by local talent under the auspices of
the Oregon Good Roads club.
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Ornronlan of March 2t. 173.
Riaata. William Mullen, charged
, h robbery of a ,tajf( c"OBCh w
round guilty today.
About 200 men are at worji on the
locks at Orexon City.and as the work
Tne unitea etaies treasurer nas
sent to ?w Tork a coin check for
$2,000,000 on account of the third call
of the 1862 bonds.
Ilalsey new hotel near the lower
steamship landing will be completed
some time in June, It is expected.
WORDS.
Nautilus.
Words are the stones I use in bully
ing,
My house will be trtrong without fillet
or gliding;
I oik in me urj wi ui mo whiumini
,Lr.. IW ...lb I. .1.1, I. .kn.l..
T ,... ror WOrds in the Quarry of
time;
In the heart of the ancient bills for
rhyme.
There are veins of beauty the sages
have known;
Milton worked where the marnie
shone.
Our Lincoln found what he liked In
the clay
the common fields where the
stpnes are gray.
So every spirit must find a way
And delve for the treasure that seerna
its own
But you; What are words, what are
words to you!
jjot stone nor metal precious and true.
fjor blocks to serve in a hallowed
ahrine
nut seductive jewels cut subtle and
fine.
Spangles you wear to gutter ana
shine:
know the worth of your words to
you!
IneorrlKlhllHr aad the Movies.
MCMINN VILLE. Or.. March 19.
(To the Editor.) Can you tell me
how many young people, boys and
eirls. are brought before the Juve-
nlle court or sent to the reform
schools, the cause of whose being
there is directly attributed to the
modern motion picture Know 7
PLKAsr.l) St HS'-KIBliU.
We know of no inviatlgation of or
statistics oa the subject.