8
TIIE M0RX1XG OREGOXIAX, TUESDAY,' FEBRUARY 14, 1023
l.T.tBUHj:D BY IlEMtY 1 riTTOCK
by The Ornin Pabilnhlac Co..
IS fi.th s-irt;. lwr;;aod, omKo.
C. A. JIORDEV, B. B. I'IPER.
llaaaser. aUl.tor.
Tha Orea-oniar. Is a member cf tha A
ciated (Ta. Tha Auocmnl HrfM t ex
riueiieiy entitled to the o.e (or publication
of jit ne dipatcnes cred,ted la It or n"l
o.hcrwij, cr-dited in this paper and also
th Iocmi pu.b;;aed herein. A1 rtRht
if puo'.rwuon of apedai dispatches herein
ere a.o reryd
bwswrrlatlsa birr-twrmraaM ia Advance)
(By VatI
l"i!r. Fnrday Included, one year . .
Sunday Included, eix month
for president, the republicans be-fand-outs wfco'have been put back f the greatest reservoir of capital with j
thought themstlvea of se:iiing away .on their fe..t ought to be able to 1 a closely knit, world-wide banking.
I'aily. Sunday Included, three month!
1 ,-, Sun-lay irciuded. one month .
I'm.":., without lunday, on year . . ..
!l,y, without Sunday. Ui month .
I i v without budif. am month.
r - It. r. 1 year . . . . .j ...... 1 IW
bundy. cne ytar ... ......... 2-&
By Carrier.)
rany. 5andy Included, on year $ n
I'ai y. Sunday Included. tnree, months.
J ' ' i y. Sunday I nc.uded. one month ..... -VS
I'aliy. without Sunday, one year.... 7 v
!.)-. without Sunday. thr-eivntha l.fi
t'u. without Sunday, one moat A V5
Mow to Kemlt Send postofftea money
order, fxpreu or persona, cheek on your
tocei oar a. stj,m t-s. c- n or currency are
at owner's risit. Uirt potnff,c addreaa i
zuii. meiudinc county ana alate.
rwetwaro Rates 1 to 1ft paces. 1 cent; 1
to .1J HiL u centx: 24 to 4a races.
rn; is R4 pares. 4 tnu; Go to R4)
a cents; ej to tea pj . cents.
r i-re.a-n postage double rate.
Ka-lecn Itailira Office Verree, at Cawk
. a. .I'' Madivn avenue. New l"t; e
A- Cnh. In. Sl-g-er bu.l'llne-. C'hiraro:
r ar -,,nklm. Free I'r-! buil t. it.
trolt. Mich ; Verree at Corklta. J4o.a,dnoc
In:. .lira. h4fl rranrlsco. Cal.
for a leader and imported Kdivard
D. Baker of California, a politician
no Cad bad experience) in the bit
terly contested Illinois field which
had known Lincoln in an earlier
time.
Baker's genius as an orator and
bis undoubted talent for practical
politics made him an ideal candi
date; I)ougias democrat chose can
nlly in lectino; J. W. Xesmith as
their leader, and the coalitiop of the
parties In the ensuin? Fta'e legisla
te, no I, " " '" u
4 -! Oregon g-.tve to Lincoln In the con
vention and in the election follow
ing, and the success of BakcF and
Nesmith decisively removed It from
the doubtful zone, and the civil war
forever removed slavery as a bone of
contention 'among the. states.
give eloquent testimony to the real system. The United States has be-
reasons why they failed and to the j come the greatest creditor nation
fact that it is easier to keep on the j and source of capital, with Great J
track, with the right kind of gnid- ' Britain as its largest debtor, and has i
The Listening Post.
By DeWltt Barry.
a nee. than it is
i after a fall.
to get back again
OR I (.ON ADMISSION DAT.
The admission of Oregon to aiate
J.ood. which occurred sixty-three
jeiir.a?o today, came near to being
iofe.ited by the misgiving of repub
licans in congress who did not fore-
. v-e thnt the state would become
tower of atrength of the Ptrty. that
it would have an Important part in
t.'-e nomination of Abraham Lincoln
f'-r president and that as a result of
the etents which Immediately fol
towed would contribute directly to
.he abciiiion of slavery as an InstV
union. It was the supposed pro
M.vcry predilections of the Oregon
petiple that almost defeated their
ambitions for full statehood. There
sas in fact a strong belief In Oregon
that the state would incline to
slavery: this was the reason why
many devout anti-slavery citizens of
the territory opposed the movement
for a constitutional convention
'which resulted in the final call for
mch a convention In 1S7.
It it curious commentary on the
Ioliticl conditions of the time that
t! o.? who are likely to have had
the greatest pride In their common
wealth, and who normally would
have hern first to respond to the
ta'.trhcod idea, resisted statehood
because .they believed il untimely
and berntive they thought it would
enhance the "'uve-holding power,
which u e-.en then threatening the
Mtality ot the nation, while the chief
advocat.-s of statehood were politi-J
clans who had an eye on the offices
that would be thereby created and
id local power of which they were
deprived under territorial rule.
The politicians at length had their
way and the constitution was
trained; even then the trimmers and
ntiortunists evaded the main issue
and submitted two propositions sep
arately to the people one; the ques
tion of prohibiting slavery itself and
the other th exclusion of free ne
groes from the region. In the, elec
tion which followed the people
adepted both measures, so that any
advantage that might have accrued
from the negative vote on slavery
i nullified by the clause exclud
ing free negroes from residence.
In rongresN, when the statehood
bill came up for consideration, the
republicans were of two minds on
Ihin account. There was a small
faction, it is true, which urged that
statehood ought to be granted as
a matter of right, but the slavery
i-ue pervaded every political activ
ity tn 1S5S tnd thereabouts and II
was lnipos.-ible to settle any ques
tion without taking this into ac
count. In the senate eleven repub
licans voted for admission while six
republicans voted against it. Jeffer
son Iavi9 opposed admission, doubt
I.ssi believing that Oregon could not
be trusted to uphold the slavery
cause.
In the house. Alexander H. f?te.
phens, democratic chairman of the
committee on territories, favored
statehood, while a republican minor
ity opposed it. Horace tlreeley had
his misgivings, too. William H.
Seward, who afterward received the
.support of some of the Oregon dele
gates to the convention of 180 for
president, advocated admission on
broad general grounds, 'and Eli
Thayer of Massachusetts, who led a
hoit from the republican caucus tn
favor of statehood, paid for what
his constituents regarded as a per
tidous surrender to the slave power
by being sent into retirement at the
ensiling election.
At this distance of time it cannot
i-e raid that the people of Oregon
were blameless for the misapprehen
sion which seems to have existed
oerywhere outside of the geograph
ical limits of the territory. In 1858
they elected 1- K. Grover repre
sentative in congress and John
Whiieaker governor in anticipation
tf admission to statehood, which,
however, was not formally fulfilled
until the following year. Both were
democrats and pro-slavery men. par
ticularly Whiteaker, whose incum
bency of the office in the early years
of the civil war was largely respon
sible for Oregon's inglorious record
in that conflict. Asahel Bush, though
a Iuuglaa democrat, had a narrow
escape) from defeat. These ' were
among the signs' which the anti
siavery party in congress feared.
The legislature chosen at the same
election elected two democratip sen
ators from the extreme wing, and
cne of them, Joe Lane, was a violent
lro-slavery man. lane'i enthusiasm
fur the slavery cause knew- practl
cjj'.y no bounds and won for him the
nomination for vice-president on the
ticket with Breckenridge. It was
.iniiill wonder that Oregon at a dis
tance looked like a recruit for the
slavery cause.
The fact seems to have been, now
that it can be examined in the per
spective of time, that the anti
sUert forces were the stronger
irom the very beginning, but that
tlie democrats were better organized
and that such success as they had
achieved were due to the perfect
operation of their well-oiled polltl
cil machine. The whirs, and later
the republicans, were without lead
ership: the democrats had not only
a number of excellent orators and
experienced campaigners, but also
I he advantace of being fat with the
spoil of office obtained in the ten
ear of the territorial regime. But
when the slavery Issue was squarely
drawn In the campaign of I860 wttii
Lincoln as the republican, nominee
WHAT TO DO WHAT TO ISO?
Will some great financial magi
cian, some life-saving Aladdin, come
forth to help congress out of its
dilemma over the soldiers' bonus?
The problem is to find a way to
raise the bonus without adding to
the present enormous burden of
taxes, federal, state, local. If the
thing can be done, that is the thing
congress will do. "
The buncombe plan to finance the
bonus out of the allied war debt to
America has been abandoned be
cause the allies arc paying neither
principal nor interest, and cannot
be made to pay. If bonds are au
thorized and sold, the financial
power of the nation will be weak
ened and the value of all its pres
ent seeurities depreciated. If there
is a tax on gasoline, the users of au
tomobiles will not be pleased: on
theater tickets, above the present tax,
both the operators and their patrons
will be annoyed: If on bank checks.
it will be a restriction on business.
and a nuisance as well: if on real
estate transfers but why go on?
There is no such thing as a pop
ular tax. .The bonus is popular, to
be sure.-but not the tax. If congress
passes It. the men and women who
pay the tax will be mad, and votes
will be lost. If congress fails to
pass it, the soldiers, who put np a
strong case for adjusted compensa
Uon, will be angry, and votes will be
lost. Votes are an essential to the
career of every congressman. Cour
age should also he an essential
PAII FOR FORESIGHT.
It is not a pretty exhibition when
a citizen strikes at a county official
with a "sap" or "blackjack." Though
no serious consequences resulted, the
incident at the courthouse the other
day cannot be condoned. But It is!
verely shaken that nation's finan
cial power, but other nations owe it
twice as much as it owes us and It
still has its world banking system,
wViile ours is in- its infancy. We
have a great merchant fleet as a
legacy from the war, but under gov
ernment operation "and under obso
lete laws it is losing ground in the
race for traffic, as is shown by the
.i.:- . 1, ti,- ir.irfr,t i diminishing percentage of our for.
would not have .ccurred had there ' eiS trade that it carries. Our ex-
livelier quality of personal .- "a'e l" 7
, ,v, . M1, their trade organization abroad.
- where they come into competition
THE AI.TERAATIYK.
"If Article two (of the four-power
treaty) does not commit the United
States to war, if it does not involve
America In foreign entanglements."
rquires Mr. Hearst, through the
Seattle Post - Intelligencer, "what
does it mean?"
Why not read the treaty? Why
not read the constitution of the
nited States, which reposes in con
gress the sole power to make war?
1'resldent Harding has said that
he treaty has given "no commit
ment to war" and has thus given
notice to the world as to the con
traction placed by America on the
reaty; and that 'is the constructiot
of the American arms delegates. It
is, besides, the fair and reasonable
ntendment of a treaty, which by itt
pecific terms commits the United
States. Japan, Great Britain and
France to an agreement to "commu-
icate with one another to arrive at
n understanding as to the. most ef
ficient means to be taken, jointly
and separately, to meet the exigen
cies of the particular situation."
The alternative to an agreement
to meet and talk It over, in order to
see what is to be done to protect
me respective interests or the rour i
powers In the I'acific. is to refuse ! t
to meet and talk It over. If a re
fusal to meet and talk it over does
not mean war at least provocation
to war what does it mean?
"Or If a refusal now to admit tha:
we have a common interest with an)
other nation In the I'acific. but pro
pose to take our own course now
and hereafter, whatever any other
power does, does not mean war, or
been a
service
business.
The attacker was accused of shav
ing pay checks of men employed in
clearing the Columbia River high
way. That it is necessary for the
holders of pay checks for common
labor performed for a county as rich
as Multnomah to discount their
claims in order to provide immedi
ately for their naturally pressing
needs is a reflection upon county
business methods that is not to be
treated lightly.. These men are
taken out to the blockaded section in
the early morning and returned In the
late evening. The work has been
given to men In grave need of emT
ployment. They are entitled to their
money and they ought to get it
promptly and get all of it. It is now
being arranged that they shall, but
It nevertheless is true that the public
pays its officials a sufficient sum to
pay them for the exercise of fore
sight and business judgment.. There
is no sound excuse for this county's
being on a warrant basis. And al
though it is on a warrant basis its
credit is good enough to make un
necessary the hawking of warrants
or pay checks issued for wages or
salaries. ,
The county treasurer's duties are
not wholly the perfunctory perform
ance of those things which he is
commanded to do by statute. He is
in office aLso to do those things
which "within his discretion and for
the improvement of the jpublic serv
ice he may lawfully do. It was pos
sible for him legally to make provi
sion through banking sources for the
needed cash.
The speedy correction of abuse
and injustice after they have had
spectacular publicity is of course
gratifying, but the point is that
abuse and injustice so obviously
bound to occur as the ones in ques
tion ought to be foreseen and pro
vided against.
th - British firms and branch
houses that are long established,
have close relations with native pro
ducers and merchants, and are sup
ported against competition by banks
and shipping companies.
There is much to be done'in order
to equip the United States for suc
cessful competition with the British
nations in foreign trade. In legisla
tion and administration the govern
ment should regard the three ele
ments of merchant, carrier and
banker as integral parts of a great
foreign trade machine, in which they
should be closely co-ordinated. Their
sveral forces should be put in train
ing as for a race, but for a Mara
thon, not a sprint. All unproductive
expense should be stripped off, and
private enterprise should be set free
to develop all its powers by Internal
competition, yet by combination
abroad, and should be encouraged
by favorable 'laws, by information
and advice from the commerce de
partment and by diplomatic sup
port. Though the British were
drowsy with overconfidence befpre
the war, they are now wide awake
and wftl exert all their powers- to
win back and hold what they have
lost and to add to it. !
Though the two great common-1
wealths which are closest friends in
world policy have become rivals for
world trade, all their traditions in
sure that the rivalry will be honor
able, worthy of peoples among whom
good sportsmanship has deep sig
nificance, and that when one scores
a point their good relations will not
be disturbed.-
A
l.MTEB IX
KJVAL3 IN
provocation
mean?
to war, what does it
C.OING TO THE SOI KCK.
The good wishes of the entire
country will go with the Salvation
Army In what is announced as an
elaboration of Its policy of reclama
tion work by which It will seek to
attack delinquency at its source.
This sou ice, it is held, is in many
instances the home. The officers of
the army have been Impressed, as
many others have been, by the Im
portance of home Influence in shap
ing the careers of our future men
and women, and "by the failure of
many homes to measure up to the
demand. -
So the activities of the Home
League, which was inttituted last
year, will be stressed without nec
essarily abandoning the reclamatiqn
work which has been a feature of
the army's policy in the past. The
desire of the Home League Is to
make home more attractive for chil
dren, to direct the attention of
thoughtless parents to their re
sponsibilities and to obtain recruits
for the Sunday schools. It cannot
be said that any new principle is
Involved in the proposal, which is
already engaging the attention of a
good many other organizations
which seek to teach the same les
son, but its importance is derived
from Its recognition of the wisdom
of attacking a cause instead of wait
ing to cure an effect. It gives, too,
a new viewpoint to the entire prob
lem of delinquency, which is now
too apt to be regarded as a norma!
condition-of certain individuals when
It may be due to a variety of other
conditions, all curable.
A large proportion of crimes are
the result of lack of restraint on the
part of those who commit them. A
good deal is said concerning want of
respect for property rights, but this
Is perhaps only superficially to
blame for the ordinary misde
meanors with which youngsters sig
nalize their entry on a life of crime.
Still deeper than this lies lack of
appreciation of what is really worth
while in life, and too strong -desire
to possess non-essentials and above
all unwillingness to obtain the ob
ject of desire by the common meth
ods of working and saving. Un
doubtedly a good deal can be done In
the home to inculcate correct prin
ciples in this respect, and when this
has been done respect for property
rights will follow incidentally, but
as a matter of course.
It is. moreover, a good sign of
the times that the organization has
come to believe that it can spare
I'l RPOSE,
TRADE.
One of the consequences of the
Washington treaties and of the Irish
treaty will be a changed relation
between the United States and the
British empire. Great Britain has
voluntarily accepted joint naval su
periority with the United States over
any other nation in piece of sole
naval supremacy and has accepted a
ratio of strength which places ag
gressive naval war beyond the power
of Great Britain alone. It has abro
gated the alliance with Japan, which
this country regarded as a potential
menace. It ha3 released Ireland
from a galling union with England
and Scotland, and has received it
Into membership in the British com
monwealth of nations on an equality
with all ether members, thereby-destroying
the motive of a large pro
portion of the American people for
Instigating enmity to the British em
pire as an influence in American
policy. Causes of friction between
his nation and the British nations
have been removed, and new bonds
of friendship have been formed, both
by association in the war with Ger-J
many and by adoption or a common
policy in the far east. The days ot
twisting the British lion's tall are
ended, and the days of joint action
for the peace, freedom and restora
tion of the world have begun.
On neither part is there any
thought of a formal alliance. Our
principles of government are the
same, having sprung front the same
source, and being adaptable enough
to be clothed with the forn of. con
stitutional monarchy of a dominion
linked with that monarchy by the
sovereign or ot- a republic. With
the same language, literature and
relig'ion, and the same traditions and
customs, which have been broad
ened and modifted to fit them to the
conditions of America, South Africa
and Australasia, there is such com
plete understanding and such iden
tity of purpose that no alliance is
necessary, for in matters of common
concern this nation and the British
commonwealth will act together by
instinct. In fact, a formal- treaty
would tend rather to restrict their
joint action. If they -undertook to
form a compact for a long future.
agreeing to act together in denned
contingencies, caution would dictate
limitations providing for the unfore
seeable, w hereas they might in pos
sible emergencies carry their co
operation far beyond the bounds set
by any written instrument. They are
of one mind on the principles that
should govern the relations among
nations: that Is the most enduring
bond imaginable.
The same chain of events which
has drawn the two great English-
speaking commonwealths into this
close sympathy in the field of states,
manship has involved them in grow
ing rivalry in the field of commerce.
The productive capacity of Ameri
can industry haJ materially ex
ceeded the consumptive needs of this
country before it was greatly ex
panded by the needs of war. and as
production grows, greater resort will
be had to foreign markets, where
we come into competition with the
British. American industry is em
ployed principally In supplying the
home market with manufactures
and farm products, and needs to
export the surplus only, which at
the highest was about 1.9 per cent
of the total output and Is now reced
ing toward the pre-war .level of
about 11 per cent. By contrast Great
Britain lives chiefly by the manufac
ture and export of goods made in
the main from imported raw mate
rial, and buys four-fifths of its food
abroad, paying with exports of man
ufactures. It-foollows that, as for
eign trade yields -Great Britain's
darly bread, a more strenuous effort
wijl be made to maintain and ex
pand it than can be expected of the
United States to dispose of its sur
Dlus, British commercial supremacy Is
composed of three elements mer
chant, ocean carrier and banker
Ul R lHVIMU.INO SHIPPING BrsjJ.ESt4.
Edward C. Plurame, a member of
the shipping board, bewails the fact
that "the foreigner has taken from
us the bulk of the ocean carrj'ing
business by reducing his rates below
ours." His remedy is to enable our
ships "to meet rates lower than the
foreigner can meet." He proposes
to do this by giving "federal aid,'
though in just what form he does
not say.
, That sounds like simplicity itself,
but it includes many things. Ability
of our ships to make lower rates
than foreigners make is impaired by
navigation and seamen's laws which
ald to-cost of operation. Ship own
ers need assurance of adequate- pay
ment by the government for mail
and transport service and for em
ploying naval reserve men. They
need opportunity to run ships for
themselves, free from restrictions or
competition of the shipping board
Then they could, reduce cost of
operation to the minimum and
could raise efficiency to the maxi
mum. Tbey might be given a bonus
in the shape of a percentage of the
duty on goods imported in their
ships. If still they could not operate
at a fair profit, taking the fat yejrs
with the lean ones, we should have
a basis on which to calculate what
direct subsidy was necessary to
maintain an American merchant
marine.
We shall not arrive at that basis
until the law has been changed in
the respects nameij, nor until the
shipping board gets out of the busi
ness, for its methods put a premium
on waste and inefficiency. The Orer
gonian will cite one example. A
shipping board vessel was loading
for Liverpool at a New York pier,
near which an exporter had a lot of
tobacco stored. The exporter in
quired the. rate to Liverpool, found
it satisfactory and Instructed the
agent of the board to load his to
bacco. The agent replied that he
could riot accept the shipment with
out authority from the board, and
wrote to Washington for it. The
exporter waited a week for the
reply. Then a British tramp ap
peared and he loaded the tobacco on
her. Two weeks later, when it was
being unloaded at Liverpool, the
agent received authority to accept
the shipment. Apparently the board
did not know, that time has value in
the shipping business. '
BY DE WITT HARRY.
Xl'SIBER of Bunyan experts have
taken exception to the 'atmos
phere of some' of the tales that have
been printed of late about this hero.
A few of those- familiar with his old
time operations in Michigan have be
gur to olamor for the real inside his
tory of the Round river drive and, of
the great cookhouse Paul operated for
fiis huge crews. Residents of thePa
ficic coast who are well informed of
the later activities of Paul have sent
in a number of fairly recent tales and
these will be published In due order.
However the views of B. K. Knapp,
who falls himself a loyal logger, seem
to be worth airing. Mr. Knapp says:
"I am sorry to note in some of the
Paul Bunyan stories, an undercurrent
of disbelief. In fact, some people have
gone so far as to assert that it is all
a lie. Xow to us who were born and
reared in northern Michigan it is.
Indeed, quite a blow to have such
aspersions cast on the greatest of all
loggers. All this talk about his deviat
ing from the logging business to build
the Falouse country or dig Puget
sound is Just bunk and gotfen up to
discredit the articles written of his
prow nesa in the logging business. As
an employe of the Spaulding. Log
ging company, I am a loyal logger
and I resent these veiled charges of
exaggeratioif. r have heretofore kept
quiet, thinking the truth would be all
shown up by some other admirer or
the redoubtable Paul.
"Xow Paul logged on Onion rtver in
his earlier operations and you have
not even told of his operations there.
It seems, so the .tradition runs, that
one time his crew, under the direc
tion of the Big Swede, his foreman,
were working on Onion river, while
Paul went up Garlic creek 15 miles to
establish a. new camp. The wild
onions were so thick and strong that
they made the men's eyes water to
such an extent that there was a
freshet, and this caused a log jam at
the mouth of Garlic creek. A run
ner warsent to inform Paul and he
at once came down to clear the jam.
When he got there, in a few minutes, j
the jam was half a mile wide anil
the water pouring over the top. But
he had -to cross so he jumped it. When
asked if that Was not a most re
markable jump he said modestly that
it would be for a man standing on
tha bank, but 'just look at the run
I had.' He then tied a harrow on
each foot to keep him frm slipping
and he went out on the jam and soon
had it cleared out.
"No sir, Paul Bunyan was strictly
logger. I have his picture and a
picture of the blue ox that was so
strong; that every time he -pulled hard
and was standing on bed rock his
feet made holes in the rock half as
big as wash tubs. I will be glad to
show this picture and the picture of
the big blue ox to anyone who doubts
these stories."
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales of Folks at the Ho tela.
"Potatoes of central Oregon are th
best in the world," according to
George L. Burtt of San Francisco, at
the Imperial. "These potatoes have
won first prize, at Spokane, Minneap
olis and other places. They are with
out doubt the best spuds that are
grown anywhere in the United States
We have aboat ?75,000 invested
central Oregon and are about pre
pared to sell out every dollar that
we have. The American. Legion has
been fighting the colonization of Jap
anese farmers. We have no intention
ot colonizing Japanese farmers, bu
the American Legion appears to be o
the impression that this is our inten
tion, so we are prepared to quit. -W
have bought thousands of acres and
have given our word that we would
not have more than two or three iap
anese working these farms, but th
American Legion appears ato thin
that
try."
we intend colonizing
tlie
time ana errort from the purely rec-t organized into close co-operation,
tarnation features of the work for Before- the war Great Britain was
which it has been distinguished. But
the two lines of endeavor may well
be carried on together. The down-
supreme in all three elements, hav
ing the greatest merchant marine,
the greatest mercantile system, and
Grief cannot be measured; but if
it could, that poor mother who un
knowingly administered poison in
fatal doses to her childfen is under
a burden monumental. Investiga
tion and punishment will not restore
the young ltves, but may prevent
similar sorrow.
When they revise the calendar if
ever they do all holidays must be
placed in 4he middle of the week.
Monday is not a proper day. From
time undetermined it has been
washday and its observance belongs
at the tubs.
Now that1 Pershing has found a
perfect double there is incentive for
rbeing perfectly good, that he may
have a- perfectly good alibi if the
other fellow slips. j
There's a pointer for Dr. Wilson
and others not direct but sort of
corollary, as it were- An old man
dropped dead while dancing in Oak
land. .
If that wrinkle in cas tickets goes
in Tacema, it ought to be as popular
here. Some men would enjoy riding
all day at a dollar a-week.
Secretary Hughes is going to Ber
muda to recuperate. Probably he
need not go that far to get it, but it's
nice trip.
"Uncle Joe" Cannon would not
make a night letter of it. He put
all he had to say in twelve words
The ice walls along the dug-out
highway will be a summer attrac
tion if they only will "keep."
Not being a movie star and just
a plain promoter, Tex Rickard gets
only brief mention.
"This afternoon, from the office
window I saw a woman in the pass
ing throng on the opposite corner of
Third and Morrison, drop from her
arms one of a number of parcels.
Presumably it was of value," writes
contributor.
'Oblivious f her loss, of which
distance made .me powerless to In
form her, she walked on. Curious, 1
watched, with a subtle sense of su
perior aloofness- as of one who re
flected, 'Now will I observe the be
havior of the unheeding, unbelieving
herd.'
'In three minutes not less than 35
persons passe- over or by the treas
ure, apparently not noticing it. Then
a man, a woman and a boy deliberate
ly kicked the prize at intervals, while
many more passed without looking at
it or looked at it without seeing it.
'More kicks and crushings followed
until in five minifies the parcel was
broken and its contents scattered and
ground into the wet sidewalk. At all
events there was nothing but a stait.
in the thin slush and a shattered un
recognizable container to be seen
when I reached the spot."
The idea of holding a service for a
unknown soldier, thereby paying
national tribute to the many unknow
whose bodies rest on the battlefields
of the recent war, originated with
young commander of the Salvatio
Army, David Railstoh of England, is
the statement of Brigadier R. Griffith,
who arrived at the Multnomah hotel
with Commander Eva Booth's party.
As a chaplain on the ' battle front
Ccmmander Railston was frequently
called upon to hold burial service
over the bodies of unknown soldiers
and one day after such a service th
thought occurred to him, why not hav
our nation hold a burial service ove
the body of some unknown soldier,
the highest and the lowliest taking
part in honoring: the unknown heroes
Those in authority gladly accepted
the idea, with the result that not only
England, but France and America,
followed the same plan of honoring
the departed heroes.
In the- east the railroads are alive
to the advantage of owning auto truck
lines as feeders to the railroad, ac
cording to B. 51. Pettit, manager ol
the truck tire department of the Good
(year Tire & Rubber company, who is
registered at the Multnomah hotel.
"The Boston & Maine railroad, run
ning out of Boston, Mass., maintains
auto truck routes and has found them
big feeders to its lines. Highway con
struction is another problem that Js
still receiving a great deal or atten
tion all over the country, and we find
the concrete road popular in many
parts of the country. For the past
year we have been experimenting with
a six-wheel motor bus, and the results
have been very satisfactory. The four
wheels being placed in the rear makes
the bus ride smoothly over the rough
places and saves wear and tear."
"Barre marble, which has been an
asset of Vermont for a generation, has
a rival in a deposit found near Ash
land," says E. V. Carter, at the Im
perial. "The Vermont marble has be
come, known the world over, but there
is a deposit only a few miles from
Ashland which equals it in . quality.
We have recently bought such
quarry. There is a mountain of this
stuff a few .miles from Ashland and
there is a prospect of our having
couple of hundred men qua-Trying it
within two years. We can sell our
marble cheaper than the Vermont
quarries because of the saving of the
freight alone." . -
New deal in the community chest
business this week, but not guns and
slingshots) yet, .
"The mot useful Christmas gift
Is the hockable one," philosophized
"uncle" as he dusted off the pledges.
"For the past month or more we have
been getting in the presents from last
holiday season, the ones for which
there was no use first. Now, as hard
times begin to pinch, we are getting
in more."
Christmas watches head the list, ac
cording to the pawnbrokers. The little
ivory clock sent to the boy living in
the hallroom of the boarding house is
of use in tiding over tight week ends.
Girls bring in their wrist watches and
trinkets and explain In detail just
what the, circumstances are that force
this last resort. That many new cus
tomers are being created was evi
denced by the manner in which they
approached the shops. They enter cau
tiously and should there be another
customer inside, try to whisper their
wants and are reluctant to show the
article carried.
a
Rather a prominent local business
man. farm-grown, emeriamea a, cir
cle of friends with some reminiscences
the" other day, among which was the
episode of his first trip to the city.
He and his big trunk were landed
from the steam train at a junction
poinx that was also served by an in-tei-urban
system. A wait of several
hours was necessary to make connec
tion over the line he was traveling,
while the electric cars whizzed by at
15-minute intervals. Finally a station
loafer informed him he could save
time if he would carry his trunk a
few hundred yards to the electric
train stop and board the mterurban
cars for the city. The green country
boy did just this only to meet with
a jeering rebuff from the conductor
of the' electric line when he tried io
get aboard with his big trunk, his
first experience with city slicker
sophistry.
a m
The' Insurance agent -was bewailing
the nfisnomer of his profession.
"Insurance is the wrong name for
most of tfce worn i ao. ne com
plained. "Too many people get the
wrong Impression, think they have to
die to win insurance, isowaaays in
surance Is much more simple "than
simple protection against death. The
new policies and plans permit sav-
e money. It is, one or tne most fas
cinating of studies and the possibili
ties are nearly unlimited. More and
more policyholders are taking ad
vantage of their insurance to assure
their independence in old age." ,
"We came to a tire meetingvand
have learned a great deal about the
geology of Oregon," stated a member
of the Goodyear Tire & Rubber com
pany, at the Multnomah, attending the
meeting at- the hotel. J. B. Win-
stanley, a graduate of the University
of Oregon and formerly or Salem, now
selling tires, had not forgotten the
years studying geology of Oregon.
R. E. Clanton left yesterday for Oak
Ridge to look after the construction
of a new fish ladder. The ladder in
that vicinity was recently washed out
by the floods and an appropriation for
ts reinstallation was made by the
special session of the legislature.
E. H. Cooper, who assisted in the
construction of the Astoria railroad,
is in the city. He is now with the
Southern Pacific forces at San Fran
cisco. Mr. Cooper is in the city on
one of his semi-annual visits to his
daughter. a
Harry Bair, former mayor of
Canby, is in the city. Mr. Bair is a
prospective member of the legisla
ture from Clackamas county. He is
now deeply interested in the potato
business from central Oregon.
Ed Cusick, oandidate for senato
for the counties of Linn and Lane,
was in Portland yesterday. Mr.
Cusick, who is a banker of Albany,
was in the city for the holiday.
J. C. Clinton, a pioneer and county
clerk of Clatsop county, is in the city
on business.
I. Abraham,- tne owner of the
leading department store of Roseburg,
is registered at the Multnomah.
TL Li. Jordon, treasurer of Crook
county, is in the city from Prineville
burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright. Hough ton-Mtffliw Co.
More Truth ThanJPoetry-
By James J, 3Iontaaue.
CAJf TOO AXSWEReTHES
QUESTIONS?
1. Do all birds have crops?
2. What ia the quickest growing
tree in the eastern United States?
3. What is the most effective waj
to get rid of rats? 1 cannot coax
them into a wire trap, no matte
what bait I use.
Answers in tomorrow's nature notes.
a .
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. Is the ladybird a harmful
insect?
No, decidedly beneficial, as it feed
on scale insects both in its -larval
and adult stage. . At one time quan
titles were imported from China an
Japan to fight the San Jose seal
Out of this colony only two indiv
duals reached America alive. But
during their first season this side of
the Pacific they multiplied into
brood of 5000.
'
2. Is milk more likely to get ropy
In -warm weather?
No, on the contrary, the . bacteria
that cause this condition grow best
in low temperatures, so that the
trouble is very likely to crop out in
cool weather. It can be cured by
sterilizing the utensils in which th
milk is handled, and also washln
the cow with some antiseptic Ropy
milk Is disagreeable, but not posi
tively' known, to be harmful as food.
a a a
3. Is It true that at night one can
see owls sitting besides prairie dogs,
near tha prairie dog s home?
Likely true that the owl will be
watching a chance to pounce on
prairie dog, but we doubt extremely
that the two creatures are seen i
company, unless we count the dog'i
being inside the owl. The little bur
rowing owl of the plain makes it
home In an abandoned badger or
prairie dog hole, and while it feed
largely on insects, preys a good deal
on young of these animals. Hence
the apparent association.
WEST-POlSfT HELD SUPERFLUOUS
OJf PRESENTING ROSES TO A NEW
COMER TO OREGON. M
The voice of the west came whisper
ing
You followed where ft led.
For it told you the land of heart's
desire
Was .waiting just ahead.
'Of heart's desire!" Some radiant
morn
You will fook from some sun-lit
height
Over mountain slopes where the spirit
of day
Is spreading its purple light.
Is folding its deep blue, misty light.
Is shafting Its amethyst ray.
13 making to seem a thing unknown
The hills' somber coat of gray.
w
And you'll whisper, "O land of heart's
desire.
This morn's miracle shall be
That your beauty Is not a thing apart.
It becomes a part of me.
And, then, some day, you will look
far out
Over wine-washed sanset sands.
You will see" a sunset path of gold
Stretching off to unknown lands.
You will hear the hurtling din and
roar ,
As the ocean breakers crasto.
Ae the great, unresting soul of the
deep
Leaps up to foam and .ash.
But a strange deep peace will flood
your heart,
As you breathe, "I hear through it
all
More clearly than ever I've heard it
before
' A voice that Is still and small."
Still another day and, oh, such a day!
You will stand in the midst of June.
You will walk in enchanting gardens
Where the roses are all in bloom.
We cannot tell you their loveliness.
Nor whisper thei-r message to you.
But you'll cry, "O land of heart's
desire.
Your promise has all come true."
So we give you these as a foretaste
Of whatsummer win oring again.
And never mind the gentle rains
That will fall between now and
then.
LYNETTB ARNOLD.
Correspondent Believes Cheaper Ways
Available for Training: officers,
PORTLAND, Feb. 13. (To the Edl
tor.) It was with much gratification
that I read in The Oregonian, Febru
ary 12, the intention of the adminis
tration to cut the standing army
down to the lowest possible point, in
order to reduce as much as possible
the expense of maintaining the mili
tary branch of the government. This
news will, no doubt, oe hailed with
delight by ail taxpayers.
If the administration wishes to re
duce the cost of the military branch
still more, such a thing could easily
be done by abolishing the West Point
military academy. Such a proposi
tion would likely bring forth a howl
of disapproval from New Yorkers, and
also, from graduates of that historic
institution. From the New Yorkers
because of the many- thousands of
dollars' benefit which they reap by
having the big school located there.
and from the regular army officers
because of the traditions attaching
to the school and on account of the
fallacious idea that good officers
come only from that school.
I grant that at the time West Point
was established it was necessary to
have such an institution. But the last
war demonstrated that , some fairly
good officers could be made from
raw material within a period much
more brief than the prescribed regu
lar course at West Point. I claim
that there are enough colleges and
universities, both public and private,
carrying military science as a part of
their curricula, to produce all the of
ficers '.a curtailed standing army will
ever need. -
Let all who desire to take a course
m military science pay for their edu
cation just the same as medical,
dental or law students. Then let a
certain number of officers be allotted
to each state or private accredited
military school, to be chosen by com
petitive examination, the fittest only
urviving. Those who have striven
and failed will be better potential
officers than the product of three
months training camps. Then let the
uccessful ones be placed upon the
federal payroll and become the offi
cers for our army. .
There need be jio fear of any short
age o candidates, for the prospect of
a lifetime job at sure salary will
-prove quite an incentive to many who
would not otherwise look forward 4.0
any stated career. -
CONSTANT READER.
Diseases and Pensions.
PORTLAND, Feb. 13. (To the Edi
tor.) Please explain the following
diseases and their effects on a per
son: v
1. High bipod pressure, hardening
of the arteuis.
2. Also, yis the 'widows' pension in
effect? READER.
1. High blood pressure Is a symp
tom, not a disease in itself. It may
indicate existence of one of any
number of ailments, including hard
ening of the arteries. The latter Is
a hardening of artery walls which
are normally flexible. Its effects
vary greatly and do not permit of a
brief summary.
2. Strictly speaking, there is no
such thing as a widow's civil pen
sion. Pensions are provided in Ore
gon for mothers of children under a
certain age when because of widow
hood or the physical Inability of the
father a home cannot be maintained
without public aid. Widows as such
of civil war veterans receive pensions
from the government.
EVOLUTION.
At twent5'-one, all unannoyed
By any form of care,
The only verses we enjoyed .
Were those that spoke despair.
We loved the way that Mr. Gray
Expressed his brooding gloom, '
And all that Hamlet had to say
About impending doom.
On Burton's works we sadly mused.
And heavily we fell
For every phrase that Byron used
To bid his "Janes'" farewell.
But when distresses of our own
In later years we had.
We liked a literary tone
Less lachrymose and sad.
A bit of joy in life we took
And every little while,
We really liked to read a book
Designed to make us smile.
No longer did we shrink from fun.
No harm in mirth we saw.
We fed our souls on Chesterton,
And sat up nights with Shaw.
And now, when Fate has handed us
A few good smashing soaks, .
We find we do not care a cuss
For anything but jokes.
A bit of nonsense now and then.
To heal life's blows and belts.
Is relished by the best of men
But we like nothing else.
And even this is going to cloy:
We know, a few years hence, (
The only things that we'll enjoy
Are comic supplements.
Reckless.
Repudiated by his own country,
Eriand deliberately invited the con
tempt of all Englishmen by declaring
that golf is merely a silly waste of
time.
a a
A Name IVith a Lore,
They'd have been surer of getting
Lenine to attend if they'd held'that
Italian conference in Bologna.
e
As Far As It Went.
It may be said of De Valera that
he resembled Lincoln slightly ex
ternally, that is.
Copyrirht by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Aro.
Frnm Tae Oregonian of February 14, lROT.
Lexington, Va. John Kandolpn
Tucker, a striking figure in American
politics during and after the rebel
lion, died today after a lingering ill
ness. .
All eves are watching the Cretan
fireworks display as a spark may set
all Europe ablaze. The present mo
ment is the most critical one since
the powers intervened in Turkish affairs.
Portions of the city are suffering
from an epidemic of measles, thought
to have been brought over from Van-couver
David Monnastes has made and
sent William McKinley a beautiful
combination tomahawk and pipe of
peace such as the Umatillas carried.
Fifty Years Ago.
From The OreBonian of February 14. 1872.
London. Prayers were offered yes
terday in all the churches at Shef
field for the prevention of war be
tween England and the United, States.
The turntable on the new Rock
Island bridge in Illinois weighs 150
tons and is supposed to be the most
massive piece of. machinery of Its
kind in the world.
Captain. Ankeny, after getting the
walls of his market building up sev
eral feet, Is pulling them down again
on account of a defect in the archi
tecture.
Berlin. Bancroft, American minis
ter, will submit his repiy to the Brit
ish case on the San Juan boundary
question to Emperor William for arbitration.
LENS TREATMENT IS DEFENDED
Foundering of Golden Gate.
PASCO, Wash., Feb. 12. (To the
Editor.) In your answer to "L'
February 8, you must have forgotten
the loss of the steamship Golden
Gate between San Francisco and
Panama in the early '50s.
If my memory serves me right, she
was burned at sea. bile carried
number of passengers and a large
amount of gold dust. Nearly all of
the passengers and crew and the gold
were lost. M. P. GRAY,
The Pacific Mail company's steamer
Golden Gate was burned off the coast
of Mexico on July 27, 1862. The ship
went down a few miles from Man
zanillo, Mexico. No doubt she had
treasure aboard but the amount is
not known here.
State' and Federal Bonns.
DRAIN, Or., Feb. 12. (To the Edi
tor.) Should congress pass a national
bonus bill, would the ex-soldiers of
Oregon receive a bonus from both
state and government?
EX-SOLDIER.
Service men entitled to the Oregon
bonus will vreceive It regardless of
bonus legislation by congress. The
federal bonus law has not yet been
reduced to exact form, much less
passed. We cannot foretell its terms.
It conceivably might deny federal
bonus to those who have received
state bonus, but, so far as we are
aware, such a provision is not under
consideration. ; , t - "
Optical Company Insists Method Re
lieves Cataract in Early Stages.
PORTLAND, Feb. 13. (To the Edi
tor.) In answer to a letter in Ihe
Oregonian February 9, written by a
rominent member of the medical
profession, we wish to state our side
f the case.
About two and one-half years ago
Dr. Frank C. Johnson of Astoria, Or.,
who died at his home in that city
February 10,' gave a lecture before
the Oregon Association of Optomei.
trists on the use of colored lenses.
Dr. Johnson claimed that cataracts
could he removed with the use of cer
tain colored lenses. He claimed that
had removed them from eyes
which he thought were too far gone
for him to get results, but that they
id become clear after wearing nis
lenses.
It did not seem possiDie to us tnai
it could be done, but when one
thinks of the wonderful age in which
we are living almost any claim must
be weighed before one makes the
statement that it cannot be done.
Having known Dr. Johnson person
ally a number of years, we took stock
In what he claimed, and the first
case which came to us we fitted with
the lenses which he claimed would
give results. This was the one 'Whose
letter appeared in The Oregonian
Tuesday. This lady did have cataracts
and the action of the light through
the lenses stimulated the circulation
and removed the cataracts Just as Dr.
Johnson caimed that it would.
The claim which we made has been
accomplished and is substantiated by
other optometrists of this city, who
have written to the doctor and told
him they know that cataracts can be
removed, if taken in time, with the
use of lenses. When a cataract be
comes ripe there is no hope, but if
there is sufficient vision so that
lenses will improve the sight there is
a possibility of removing the cata
racts. Instead of telling the patient
to So home and wait until they be
come ripe so that an operation may
be performed we shall continue fit
ting these cases with lenses for this
serious eye trouble.
WHEELER OPTICAL CO.
Change of Bonns Application.
PORTLAND, Feb. 12. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) I have made application for
the loan under the state bonus law.
Can I now change to the cash?
(2) If a cash bonus is taken under
the state bonus, must this cash be
returned to the state if a national
bonus is passed? If so, how will the
state collect the money? E.C.HOLT.
, (1) Yes, If change is made before
May 25. (2) The state bonus will be
yours once you have received It.
Neither state law nor federal enact
ment can require you to return- It.
Smart Looking In a New Gown,
Judge.
He That Mrs. Van Stuyl Is a smart
looking woman.
She She ought to be. I happen t
know that her dressmaker is suing
ter for foQO tor the gown she has on.