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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 2, 1922)
JlwTiiitii VOL. L.X NO. 19,09G Entered at Portland fOremro Pns'nf'W mi swni-4-la- Matter. PORTLAND, OREGON, THURSDAY, -FEBRUARY 2, 1922 PRICE FIVE CENTS V1 HNS AGREE : TO JJMITARMS Conference Aims in Large Part Achieved. PACTS FUBLIGLY APPROVED Ratio of Warship Strength Between Five Great Powers Established. JAPAN GIVES UP SHANTUNG Britain Likewise Announces Readiness to Hand Back 'Leasehold to China. f WAiHHGTOX COSFEREWK I ADOPTS EIGHT TREATIES. t WASHINGTON. D. C Feb. 1. ? (By the Associated Press.) I-niM irtitnl plans ar changed, the Washington con- , ference will give to the world eight treaties, to seven of which I the United States will bs ? party. This Is the list: Four-power Paclfio treaty, ? signed December IS. j Five-power cava! limitation J treaty, ready for signature. Five-power submarine and I poison gas treaty, ready for I signature. Elx-power treaty allocating German Pacific cables, draft- 2 ing. I Nine-power treaty on Chinese I tariff, drafting. J Nine-power treaty on other a Chinese questions, drafting. American-Japanese treaty re- I gardlng Tap, virtually ready for signature. Chinese-Japanese treaty re- t gardlng Shantung, near comple- tlon. t WASHINGTON, D. C, Feb. 1.- IBv the Associated Press.) The Washington negotiations for limita tion, of armament reached their consummation today when a plenary session of the arms conference gave definite and public approval to two treaties limiting navies and restrict ing use of new agencies of warfare. One covenant, thus sealed after 11 weeks of debate, establishes a fixed ratio of capital ship strength be tween the five great powers, and ft other pledges them against un- Lre.-Yricted submarine warfare and :!.:- - -j-.. ... two the plenipotentiaries of the United States, Great Britain, Japan, France and Italy will formally affix their signatures. At the same session the far eastern wing of the conference announced the terms of the Shantung settle ment and gave final approval to nine cf the resolutions adopted in com mittee in regard to Chinese prob lems. The agreement on Shantung already has been put into a draft treaty between Japan and China and the other far eastern settlements are to be embodied in at least two general conventions which will come before the conference shortly. Britain Follows Suit. When Japan's intention to withdraw- from Shantung had been definitely stated, the British an nounced formally for the first time that their government was ready to hand back to China the leasehold of Wei-hai-wei. The French let it be known tonight, however, that they expect to treat directly with China over possible retirement from their leased territory at Kwang Chow Wan, a decision which appeared to becloud the prospect of any general conference agreement regarding Chinese leased territories. Two other conference projects, one relating to the Chinese eastern railway and the other to the prohi bition of importation of arms into China, also encountered serious ob stacles when the committee work of the delegates was resumed today. The Japanese made some technical objections to the Chinese eastern proposal which, coupled with Chinese and French ODDosition to some f features, resulted in appointment of a japanese-rrench-Chinese subcom mittee to consider a compromise. The Italians and Japanese presented . iv-jicu-cti wa fui i. Cu.iloji X-) PRESIDENT TRUDGES IN SLUSH OF CAPITAL FLAPPERS AXD IOCSG BLADES RUB ELBOWS WITH HARDIXG. Executive Ventures s la Haronn Al Raschid With Secret Service Men Puffing Behind. WASHINGTON, D. C, Feb. 1. (By the Associated Press.) President Harding went out for himself this evening and got a first-hand view of tbe slush-bound capital. Having read newspaper descrip tions of the aftermath of the blizzard, be decided to take some exercise and see for himself, so, accompanied by Secretary Christian, he left the White House Just before o'clock: and headed for the F -street shopping dis trict. Thousands of government clerks, other home-goers and late shoppers were wallowing almost helplessly in the sea of slush or gingerly picking their way over the dirty-ice-covered pavements as they jostled along or scrambled to get aboard the scarce and overburdened trolley cars. Flappers with flopping goloshes, winter girls In 'nickers, and young blades who inhabit the capital's late afternoon promenade street rubbed elbows with the president as he trudged along, some of them without recognizing him. In fact, the president voyaged through the slush almost a la Haroua al-Raschld and surveyed the dirty snow banks still piled neck-high in the busy streets three days after the snow stopped falling; waded through water and slush ankle-deep in the chuck holes in the pavements, saw dozens of stalled motor cars and trucks and the small army of work men struggling with the mess. Mr. Harding ventured as far down as the patent office with the secret service men puffing behind and then turned homeward to dinner. Common report had it that the president was much interested in the plaint of capital citizen's that the work of clearing up the remains of the blizzard is going on slowly and he may have gone forth to see. At the White House it was said he wanted a little exercise before-dinner. PUBLISHER BEST CITIZEN Harry Chandler Cited by Los An geles" Realtor for Usefulness. LOS ANGELE. Feb. 1. Harry Chandler, publisher of the Los Angeles Time. Is the recipient of a gold watch presented by the Los Angeles realty board in token of its appraise ment of bim as "the most useful cit izen of Los Angeles in 1921." He was the unanimous choice of a committee composed of one representative of the beard and two of the chamber of commerce. The realty board, it was announced, "wished to recognize the worth and talent of tbe Los Angelec citizen who had unselfishly given of his time and substance to make the community better and in the interests of solidi fying cd vie spirit." ATHLETIC PASTORS AIM Ministers Declared to Need' Ability to Give Physical Training. CHICAGO, Feb. 1. Development of physical efficiency will improve the character of religion, W. T. Powell, physical director at tbe Garrett Bibli cal institute, said In a report to the annual meeting of the board of Sunt day schools of the Methodist Episco pal church here today. Mr. Powell advocated training min isters In athletics so they will be able to organise athletic contests among the young people of the churches. FLU SPREADS RAPIDLY More Than 1000 New Cases Re ported in One Day In New York. NEW YORK, Feb. 1. For the first time this year more than 1000 new cases of Influenza were reported to day by the city health department. Pneumonia also increased, 240 cases being reported, as compared with IS yesterday. Today's flu report showed 1052 cases and 20 deaths. Ninety-one sue cum bed to pneumonia. EDUCATION GETS $450,000 New York Banker's Will Provides 9250,000 Legacy for Hospital. NEW YORK. Feb. 1. Legacies of $450,000 for educational purposes and a bequest of 3250.000 to tbe A. Barton Hepburn hospital at Ogdensburg. N. T.. are contained in a will of Alonzo Barton Hepburn, banker, filed today. The value of the estate was esti mated at more than 35.000.000. GENERALS T0BE HONORED Pershing and Sir Arthur Currle Will Receive Degrees. PHILADELPHIA, Feb 1. Genera Pershing and Sir Arthur W. Currle, head of McGill university, will re ceive the honorary degree of doctor of laws at the Washington's birthday celebration of the University of Penn sylvania. Sir Arthur commanded the Cana dian troops during part of tbe war. GIRL SLEEPS LIFE AWAY Death Conies to 5-Vear-Oid Child After Slumbering One Week.- MORRIS. I1L. Feb. 1. Anna Pa tricia Briscoe, aged i, died today from sleeping sickness. Sli had becu adlvcp for a week. DIRECTORS SEEK JANITOR ECONOMY Change May Be Made From Contract System. INVESTIGATION IS ORDERED Reduction of 20 Per Cent in -Expenses Necessary. DANCE PROBLEM RENEWED More Information Is Given Board in Letter From Glencoe Parent-Teacher Official. Authorization of an Investigation by the properties committee as a fore runner to a possible change from the present contract system of janitorial service to an hourly basis in connec tion with a decision to reduce that item 20 per cent from 1921 figures, and more information on the dance question from the side of the Parent- Teacher association, featured a long drawn-out meeting, of the school board last night. A preliminary report on janitor hire indicated that the total cost for 1921 amounted to $213,654. while 1922 budget figures call for a straight re duction of 20 per cent. George B. Thomas, chairman of the properties committee, asked for an expression of the school board on whether the old system with a 20 per cent cut should be maintained or the janitors placed on a schedi-le of hourly pay with dis continuance of extra allowances in different items. Detailed Comparison Wasted. Director Shull asked for a more de tailed comparison that would show the 20 per cent saving from the pres ent plan If the hour system were adopted. He was backed up by Di rector Eisman, who said that he was doubtful if any good could be ob tained by placing the janitors under a schedule Where there would be no Incentive to personal effort and sav ing. Director Thomas objected stren uously to the criticism, saying that the system of farming out janitorial service fostered long hours and large pay for a few and place- the janitors out of control of the properties de partment under Captain George EC monstone, superintendent of proper ties. "I think that Captain Edmondstone and I are entitled to courteous consid eration, declared Mr. Thomas. "And it should not be for any man to sit here and say I've got to see the color (Concluded on Page 2, Column 1.) d like. Va ooNrre vsuv voo see. THINK tS A SCIENTISTS SCOUTED BY ZION OVERSEER DIMENSIONS OF YOLIVA FLAT WORLD FIXED. Firmament Is Solid Structure and Stars Mere Lights, Declares Dowie's Successor. ZION, III., Feb. 1. Wilbur Glenn Voliva, successor of John Alexander Dowie as overseer of Zion and head of the Christian Apostolic church, has completed the fixing of dimensions of his flat "world, existence of which is now taught in the Zion schools. According to Mr. Vollva's latest pronouncement, the sky is a vast dome of solid material, from which the sun, moon and stars are bung like chandeliers. The edges of the dome, he explained, rest on the wall of ice which surrounds the flat world to keep foolhardy mariners from, tum bling over the edge. "That is the plain teaching of the whole word of God," he said; "that the heaven, the dome, the vault, like a tent is a solid structure over the earth and all the lights are set within the firmament. Ezekial says 'the throne of God Is above the vault ' The firmament above- our head is a solid structure, and the stars are points of light, that is all. They are not worlds, they are not suns. So-called science is a lot of silly rot, and so is so-called medical science and all the rest of their so-called sciences." GENERAL GOETHALS DUE Engineer to Arrive in Spokane on Irrigation Trip Today. SPOKANE, Wash.. Feb. 1. General George W. Goethals is expected to ar rive in Spokane tomorrow to prepare for a survey to determine the feasi bility of the Columbia basin irrigation project. Dan A. Scott, state director of conservation, and a group of engi neers and business .men will meet General Goethals and attend a lunch eon in his honor. A local aviator has offered the use of his machine if the general desires to look over the project from the air. TRAGEDY. TAKEN CALMLY Man Who Saw Two Leap From Bridge, Finishes Lunch, Reports. ST LOUIS, Feb. 1. A. H. Bresler. TO, sweeper of the municipal free bridge, reported to police today that ant hour earlier he saw a man and woman leap from the bridge into the Mississippi river. ... .l - r 'i - Asked why he did not report sooner, Bresler was quoted as saying he wanted to finish eating his lunch. BIG ICE FIELDS AFLOAT North Atlantic Jam Seven Wide and 133 Miles Long. BOSTON. Feb. 1. Warning of north Atlantic ice fields seven miles wide and 135 miles long moving south, 215 miles east of Cape Race, was sent out today by the hydrcgraphio office. The fields are the first to be re ported this year. i WHILE THE NEEDY WAIT. IM NOT CONTttXfellt-iNC 1 TO "CMC COW rAU Nit i CH EST TVUl YCAft YOU bAvE. S GIVING Arte GROUNDHOG T0100K FOR SHADOW TODAY CONTINUED FAIR AND COLD IS WEATHER FOItECAST. Lowest Temperature in Weeks Is Reported When Mercury Drops to 22 Degrees. . Whether or not Raold Amundsen succeeds in making possible the fore casting of the world's weather a year ahead .by observing air currents at the north pole, all Interest will be focused today upon the ground bog. that redoubtable weather prophet. who ducks out of his hole every year on Candlemas day, or February 2. According to the venerable tradition, if Mr. Ground Hog sees his shadow. he ducks back into his hole and six weeks of bad weather follow. If he casts no shadow he remains above ground and fair weather results. So runs tbe superstition. The fact that the ground hog or woodchuck's habi tat does not Include Oregon has noth ing to do with the case. , The prediction for today is fair weather, continued cold and easterly wind. Portland batted about .600 yesterday in the matter of sunshine, with a total of 4 hours and 37 min utes of sun out of a possible 9 hours and 43 minutes; If the same condi tions prevail today, much will depend upon the hour at which the ground hog comes up for air. The lowest temperature for several weeks was recorded early yesterday morning when the official weather bureau thermometer dropped to 22 degrees. The maximum for the day was 36 degrees. SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. I. Contin ued fair and cold weather tonight and Thursday for California, Oregon and eastern Washington was the forecast of the weather bureau. Rain or snow may be expected in western Washing ton, it was stated. E. A. Beals, forecaster, said he saw no relief from the present cold wave ovSr the Pacific coast states and pre dicted it would last several days longer. VANCOUVER, Wash., Feb. 1. (Spe cial.) The temperature last night was 16 above zero, according to A. A. Quarnberg, government weather ob server here. When the sun came up this morning the sky was clear, but by late afternoon it was heavily forecast and the cold held on. Indications to night are that it will .be cold again tomorrow . morning. Ihe LoiumDia river is filled with floating ice fields. WALLA WALLA, Wash.. Feb. J. (Special. )- The temperature dropped today to nine above and sera- weather was predicted for tonight if the skies remained clear. This makes nearly 50 days of continued cold with "ground hog day" in the offing and likelihood of his seeing his shadow. SPOKANE, Wash., Feb. 1. Spo kane's coldest weather for 23 years reached here this morning, sending the thermometer to 9 degrees below zero at 7 o'clock this morning a drop of 38 degrees in 14 hours. - British Columbia and Montana points reported sub-zero temperatures at 5 o'clock" this morning, according to the local weather bureau. Walla Walla, (Concluded on Page 3, Column 4.) 1 VIVA'S fOOft SNCe. HE! YHV SHOi-0 VSivtf croivvNwmiTY chest NeTtioo t 2 V-s- rJ CHEST OBTUS THIRD OF FUND $308,869 Clinks Into Commuriity Coffers. GOAL AT END IS ASSURED Workers Declare There Are No Quitters in Ranks. COLONELS ARE ON CARPET General Smith Raps Commanders for Slack in Organization, but They Reply Vigorously. WAR COUNCIL TO MEET. All generals, adjutants, colo nels and captains of the community chest campaign are instructed to assemble at noon today in the Arcadian garden, Multnomah hotel, for a confer ence of great importance to the cause. BY BEN HTJR LAMP MAN. In the fighting lexicon of the com munity chest campaign there is no such word as "can't," nor any phrase akdn to "it's no use." To the thou sands of civic crusaders enlisted in a common cause, for charity and 'better citizenship, all words and terms of doubt or dreariness are a strange tongue. They are non-existent, for the press of a determined purpose has cast them asidb and moved for ward toward the goal. Three days of service for the chest have tem pered the metal of its determined battalions. If there was at the outset a touch, a fancy, a suspicion of gloom It van ished yesterday when the grand total of the drive rose with a rush to 3308, 869, or about 40 per cent of the total budget of 3798,777, and whenthe colo nels of the four divisions turned upon their critics and. commanders with heated retort, declar'ng that they were resolved to frnish the task be fore them, and were working with heart and brain to accomplish it as soon as might be. Briefly, they re plied that the canvass of Portland is no longer one of theory, but of fact a project entailing 'nnumerable solicita tions and miles of trudging. This only by way of explanation, not of apology. No Quitters In Chest Forces. "Leave it to us," was the rejoinder of the peppery colonels. "There isn't a quitter in our 4ramand3." The progress "of the civic treasure chest, with its burden of happiness, was not duo solely to the actual re turns of yesterday from the cam paigners in the field. It is true that it lunged to the fore like a war horse, but largely because it received the full stimulus of the flying squadron reports, heretofore uncompiled and missing. These aggregated $141,869 ana represent more than a week of work among selected prospects. Good fortune will not pass that way again. From this hour on the brunt of the fight will be upon the average giver, the average investor in humanity. Yesterday morning the total for two days' crusading stood rather pathetically at $116,000. Gold is' the vigor of the chest, and when without preliminary fanfare the order was is sued for a flying squadron report the lid leaped and clanged. Into the great coffer fell $121,869 from the main flying squadron, operating -in the downtown district, and an addi tional $20,000 from the women's fly ing squadron, which free-lances any where. To this was added the day's returns of $51,000. There, at last, stood a creditable total of $308,869. Sympathy- Shown by Results. Portland is not misreading the mes sage of the shining drive. To some, "the least of these," it seems to stand out like the big letters of a mam moth poster. And when a story of such giving comes to headquarters why, headquarters pauses from its occupation and listens well, and per mits itself a real smile. Not that the bigger, the biggest, or the average subscriptions are arrayed in contrast, but that such as these are infallible indications of sympathy and under standing. Into community chest headquarters last night, at the Multnomah hotel, came a man rather roughly dressed and hesitant, a man of 50 years, about. Jack Day, chest statistician, reached for Ms pocket and a coin as the visitor approached him. One of the jobless men, he seemed. "Is this community chest headquar ters?" asked the stranger. "Yes," Said Jack. "What can do for you?" "Well, nothing, I guess," was the answer. "I thought I'd like to give $10 to the chest. Here, take it. 1 wish it was more." Blind Girl Gives 30. In a residential district where the houses need' paint more often than otherwise there lives a bl-nd girl whe works at such tasks and such a wage bis the blind receive. Months ago she I laid aside a coin, the first offering to I a definite fund, and week by week I she tithed herself for a purpose.. 1 iConciuded, oa Face 3, Column hi ' YOUNG HALZY MAKES ANOTHER HIGH SCORE SUCCESS IN EDISON QUESTION NAIRE REPEATED. Man Who Made' Good Tear. Ago Wins Again, This Time in Marriage Ceremony. NEWARK, N. J., Fib. 1. Samuel Armstrong Halzy, who scored "dou ble A" on the famous Edison ques tionnaire a year ato, has made an other perfect record for answering smartly and accurately. In a ceremony at Trinity cathedral tonight, at which Thomas A. Edison's son Charles acted as best man, while becoming his brother-in-law, Halzy orally responded "I do" and "I will" to the interrogation of Dean Arthur Dumper. Last year's performance ultimately jwon Halzy his present position of fPersonal manager of the Edison works tonignt s a me simuou the husband o- Miss Charlotte Wood ruff Hawkins, whose sister is Mrs. Charles Edison. FRANCE EXALTS AIRMEN Promotions In Legion of Honor In clude Clement Ader. PARIS, Feb. 1. Promotions in the legion of honor for aviation an nounced today include Clement Ader. He was made a commander. The French regard "him as the first con structor of a flying machine Louis Bleriot was made an officer of the legion. The Wright brothers in December, 1903, made their first flight in a heavler-than-air machine. Bleriot is credited with having made a success ful flight at Issy, France, in 1907. while Ader, in 1890, is said to have been the first man to make a flight in a monoplane. . BABY FINDS WORLD AWRY New York Youngster Born Amidst Great Excitement. NEW YORK, Feb. 1. A baby, whose name will be William Henry Johnson entered the world today in the midst of great excitement. While he was being born In his Brooklyn home, fumes from the kitchen range on the floor below as cended and partially overcame two physicians, the father and two neigh bors. The mother was under an an aesthetic. One of the neighbors stag gered out of the house and telephoned for an ambulance. When medical as sistance came young Billy had arrived and the rest were sadly befuddled. V. BLIZZARD HITS DAK0TAS Western Minnesota Also Reports Great Excitement. ST. PAUL, Minn., Feb. 1. The worst blizzard in years was reported in South Dakota tonight. North Dakota also recorded a heavy snow storm general over the eastern part of the state. Western Minnesota was experlenc Ing heavy snowfalls, high winds and falling temperatures tonight. Huron. Mitchell, Sioux Falls and Aberdeen, in South Dakota, recorded blinding snow, accompanied by high winds and falling temperatures. ALCOHOL MADE FROM GAS Chicago Chemistry Professor Pro duces Pure Grain Liquid. DECATUR. III., Feb. 1. Dr. E. R Darling, head of the Milliken univer sity, chemistry department, announced today that he had been able to pro duce pure grain alcohol from illum inating gas. INDEX OF TODAY'S NEWS The Weather. YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature, 36 degrees; minimum, 22 degrees. TO-DAY'S Fair; continued cold; easterly winds. Foreign. Seclusion entered by cardinals to elect new pope. Page 3. National. Northwest to win power In senate. Page 3 McAdoo defends his rail control. Page 6. Theater collapse is laid to faulty building. Page 2. Five great powers reach full agreement on armanent .limitation. Page 1. President Harding trudges through slush of capital. Page 1. Success of armament conference triumph for Hughes, says Sullivan. Page 1. Domestic Man who made good in EMison question naire years ago wins again. Page 1. Overseer of Zion declares dimensions of flat world are fixed. Page 1. Arbuckle's fate rests With jury. Page 4. Quake site put off Columbia river. Page 2. Wife avowed love first. Stokes declares. Page 8. Pacific Northwest. Seattle port' roused by Captain Dollar's statement. Page 7. tiports. Golfers lay plans for Canyon road course. Page 14. James Johns defeats Benson. 19 to 13. Page 14. Thye defeats Gardner. Page 14. Commercial and Marine. Advances in western wool prices not foT- lowed in goods market , Page 21. Higher wheat prices at Liverpool lift Chicago market. Page 20. Victory notes sell at new high records. .Page 21. January shipments of lumber from Colum bia river are large. Page 20. Portland and Vicinity. Home financing helps extensions of Port land Railway, Light & Power company. Page 6. Farm conference to go to Denver next Tear. Page 7. Community chest gets 308,869. Page 1. Portland will demand fair play In ships, despite any merger. Page 15. Divorced attorney wants new decree. Page IS. States plan check on county assessors clearing - ot Columbia highway will begin today. Page 12. Page s. Ground hog to iook tor nis snadow today. tp e(feet in jani. torial service. Page , Tl I MUM FDR MR. HUGHES Goods Promised by Sec retary Delivered. SHIPS WILL BE SCRAPPED Proposal to Junk Warcraft Made at Opening of Con ference Adopted. NAVAL HOLIDAY IS EXTENDED Plans Outlined in Speech That Thrilled World.95 Per Cent Accepted. BY MARK SULLIVAN. (Copyright, Post, Inc. By the New York Evenln Publl&hed by Arrangement.) WASHINGTON, D. C, Feb. 1. (Special) If you want to judge the value of these naval treaties and judge the success of the conference as a whole so far as it deals with naval armament, the best way to approach it is this: First, go back to the opening speech that Secretary Hughes delivered on the first day of the conference. Recall the feel ing the world had on that Saturday night. Then take that opening speech in which Mr. Hughes told what it was proposed to do, and compare it item by item , with the naval treaty today that tells what actually has been done. Here is what you will find: . Hughes -proposed to scrap 30 capital ships of the United States. That -Dronosal is adopted and 30 capital ships of the United States will be scrapped. Hughes proposed that Great Britain should scrap 19 capital ships. That proposal has been adopted and Great Britain will actually scrap 24 capital ships. Hughes proposed that Japan should scrap 17 capital ships. That proposal has been adopted and Japan will scrap 17 capital ships. Hughes proposed that there should be a naval holiday for ten years. That proposal has been adopted and actually extended. . Hughes proposed that Great Britain should not have at any time more than 500,000 tons of capital ships, the United States 500,000 tons and Japan 300,000 tons. That proposal has been adopted and these limits will be maintained. 95 Per Cent Adopted. These are substantially the only things that Hughes actually men- ' tioned in that speech that thrilled the world. The proposals made in his speech have been adopted to the extent of more than 95 per cent. The only difference between what Hughes said at the opening and the naval treaty today is that Japan has been permitted to keep the Mutsu and this made certain minor readjustments necessary as regards Great Britain and the United States. These readjustments are less than a 5 per cent variation from the proposals in the Hughes speech. Now, I do not want to be mis leading in the direction of optimism. I have been speaking of the Hughes speech that thrilled the world and the degree of its fulfillment. It is true that the Hughes speech was about capital ships only. It is true that his speech was accompanied by a detailed plan in which similar proposals were made about auxiliary ships, submarines and the like. It is true, also, that this Hughes plan concerning submarines and other auxiliary ships was pretty badly shot to pieces by the action of France, which tried, as Hughes said, to "turn the conference into one not for the limitation of armament but for the increase of armament." France's Insistence Offset. France not only refused to accept the Hughes proposals about sub marines and other auxiliary ships, but actually demanded the right to build a tonnage far beyond anything she is financially capable of building. But even though France was able and willing seriously to damage this part of the programme, it is also true that, the conference adopted certain limitations on the methods PACTS 1 MDu in (Concluded on Page 4,; Column 6.) I lOl