8
THE 3IOI2XIXG OREGONIAN, TUESDAY, JANUARY 31, 1922
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THE VOYAGE OF THE QL'EgT.
No polar expedition in history in
all probability was ever so well
equipped for determining scientific
f.tcts as 1,3 that of Sir Ernest
Shackleton, whose death, off the
shores . of South Georgia Is an
nounced in the news dispatches.
Final "discovery" of the two geo
graphical spots known respectively
as the north and south poles having
rempved a purely romantic incentive
lor that particular form of research,
exploration in both hemispheres has
recently taken a more scientific as
pect, as has been evidenced in the
north by Stefansson'a recent work,
by lioald Amundsen's plans for the
future and by the supporters of
Shackleton.
Attainment of material results was
the prime purpose of the party
which manned the Quest. Composed
almost entirely of scientists, who
were bent on navigating their own
ehip for the purpose of economizing
personnel, this group of devoted hu
manitarians proposed to make
eoience their sole guide. From the
time that her head was pointed
south from the Cape of Good Hope,
the' Quest entered upon a pro
gramme which included making a
full hydrographlc survey as well as
a complete chart of the air currents,
of exploring islands of the ocean
which may have lain In silent ob
livion since the very beginning of
terrestrial time, of investigating the
bird, animal and marine lite of those
Inlands and their surroundings, and
of recording their geological and
magnetic phenomena. Meanwhile,
eo complete was the equipment of
.the voyagers, it was intended that a
complete set of motion pictures
should be obtained In order that th
study might be continued by other
scientists at borne and the results be
published in a form that should
stimulate universal Interest .and
awaken the popular imagination.
Concentration df interest upon the
poles themselves has had the effect,
as Stefansson has pointed out, of
diverting attention from manlfestfy
more important matters. Shackle
ton had dismissed the polo from his
mind, so far as this voyage was con
cerned. His mission was to add as
much as possible to the Bum of
human knowledge of a vast region
of which only the fringes have been
touched by men. From the day that
lie sighted first land in the Antarctic
south of Africa his researches were
to -have been Invested with romance
of a different sort from that which
commonly attends exploration hav
ing only a geographical goal In view.
It hud been nearly a century since
a ship had been in the particular
waters, and there were at least three
thousand miles of coast line still
Only vaguely mapped. It may even
cow bo disclosed that Sir Ernest
discovered new seas before he died,
and that he found new gulfs indent
ing that ice-bound coast. AH that
was known of the region was tljat it
J-ld one rocky cliff of Interest, in
F.nderby Inii, but it was not known
whether this promontory, which was
culled Cape Anne, was part of the
Antarctic continent or of 'an island.
It was part of the mission of the
Quest to find. If possible, new whal
ing harbors rnd to study the habits
of the southern fur seal, which had
disappeared from the better known
Hands of the Antarctic owing to the
wanton slaughter of a century ago.
The historical and geological past
may yet be linked with the present
If the expedition continues its work,
S3 tho news dispatches Indicate that
it will do. After leaving New Zea
land, which she would have reached
onie timo lifter conducting the work
off South Georgia which was prob
ably in progress when the leader
died, the Quest would have made
4-onndings and dredged in the south
was ill scinch for the lost Pacific
IsUind of Tunaki, mentioned In inls
Monary history and native legend
but never spen by white men. An
other search would have been made
for Dougherty island, the very ex
istence of which is in doubt. The
value of the latter will be enhanced.
If it can bo found, by its desirability
ff a site for a wireless station for
relays between New Zealand and
!-outh America, ami it will serve also
tis a means of reporting on ice con
ditions by ships voyaging by that
route.
A remarkable feature of the expe
dition has been mentioned. This is
her almost absolute lack of a crew
that Is. a friow in distinction from the
scientific workers. The latter, how
ever, are all men of large experience
apart from their restricted callings.
At least six were companions of
Shackleton on former voyages and
practically without exception the
personnel have seen service in the
jinny or navy In the world war. Cap
tain liussey, or example, who is
mentioned as having accompanied
the body of the commander to South
America, is not only a distinguished
meteorologist but he also achieved
3'igh merit in tho artillery in France.
l.ioutcnAnt - Commander Stenhouse
was with Mawson in the Aurora in
3 0 10-1 H. and also commanded a
"mystery ship" during the war.
Major Macklin. the biologist on Uie
Quest, was surgeon cm the Endur
ance on which Shackleton voyaged
In 1914-17. C o m ni a n d e r Wild.
Shackleton' second in command
nd the probable present head of the
nct expedition, was with Scott In
Ulu Discovery, viKil hkkicluu iu
Mawson in the
ackleton with
' the North Russian forces during the
war. It is a hand-picked personnel
In every sense of the term, and one
which, even with the loss of its emi
nent leader, holds' promise of giving
mucn information of value to the
world about a vast region whore in-
i nermost secrets are only beginning
q told
FIRST l.MT OF GREATER HARBOR.
By beginning to 4redge the wes
Swan island channel and to fill the
railroad terminal trite in Guilds lake,
the Port of Portland starts the first
unit of what will prove, from several
viewpoints, the most beneficial im
provement in the harbor. The imme-
j diate result will be creation of a
; Biraigni tu piace ox a crooaea cnan-
nel, making of solid ground where
now Is a swamp, and construction of
a new freight terminal where traffic
can be more speedily and economic
ally handled.
Rapid growth of the shipping
business will impel the Port commis
sion to obtain authority from the
people to undertake other units of
the Swan island project at no dis
tant day. Already the number of
ships loading local" freight in the
upper harbor is such as to lead the
dock commission to make an addi
tion to terminal No. 1. The number
of bulk cargoes promises soon to
occupy the entire berthing space of
terminal No. 4, and terminal No. 2
is given, up to coastwise. vessels.
Dock construction for deep sea craft
will surely extend down, not up, the
river from terminal No. I, and the
nearest available sites are the
swamps on each side of Swan island.
Then the development of the port
demands that these swamps be
filled, especially as half of the island
can be removed and the west chan
nel can be both deepened and wid
ened in supplying material for the
fills. The new harbor frontage thus
created would give scope for new
docks sufficient to accommodate any
Increase of shipping that Is probable
for a number of years,
The swamps which cut off the
upper from the lower harbor are a
challenge to the enterprise of the
Port w.hich It has already taken up
by buying Swan island and by under
taking the fill of the terminal site
There should be no relaxation of ef
fort to convert them into highly use
ful solid ground until the unsightly
gap is closed. Then the port can
grow with slight interruption to oc
cupy the entire river front down to
the mouth of the Willamette
HEALTH FADS.
The age at least has no monopoly
of medical fads, as we are reminded
by the proposal of a New Jersey
physician to grow hair on the domes
of bald-headed men by regulating
their diet and by the suggestion of
that other doctor that the character
of the Individual can be materially
influenced by change of food. These
proposals, it will be borne In mind
are not made by charlatans and do
not belong in the category of buck
eyes In the pocket, madstones and
rheumatism rings.
A good many years ago, as Isaac
Disraeli tells in his "Curiosities of
Literature," a Dr. Campbell wrote
"Hermlppus Redivivus," a work of
irony aimed at the medical absurdi
ties of his age, In which he described
a method of psolonging life by in
haling the breaths of young persons
a subterfuge not without its coun
terpart in the minds of certain
moderns who hold that it Is "devi
talizing" to youngsters to occupy the
same sleeping quarters with their
elders. "A physician who himself
had composed a treatise on health,"
said Campbell, "was so Influenced
by the work that he actually took
lodgings In a boarding school that
he might never be without a con
stant supply. Mr. T. seriously
adopted the project and a Dr. Kip
pin acknowledged that after he had
read the work in his youth, the rea
soning and the facts left him for
several days in a kind of fairy land."
The tendency toward credulity In
matters of the kind is the outgrowth
of eternal hope for health and par
ticularly for long life, coupled with
unwillingness to pay the common
price of both, which is obedience to
nature's pretty well known laws
from day to day. The quest of a
panacea Is at least as old as the
search for the fountain of youth and
the philosopher's stone. The some
thing-for-nothing rainbow - chasers
get what they are seeking about as
seldom in the field1 of health as In
that of wealth.
TUB STl'DY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES.
We can blame long generations of
isolation from the affairs of the
world for the continued reluctance
to take up the study of foreign
languages recently reported by a
speaker "before the Association of
American Colleges, but it comes as
something of a surprise that lan
guage study has declined rather
than Increased in the past five
years. It would have been normally
supposed that the war would create
new Interest in the subject by taking
more than a million overseas, or
that the emphasis placed on the
need of foreign trade would stimu
late Interest in the subject. Neither
has had the expected effect. There
are per cent fewer students
pursuing these subjects, according
to reports, than there were eight
years ago.
We are likely to be sorry in' years
to come that we did not realize the
Immense advantage that accrues to
bne who is able to converse with a
prospective customer In his own
tongue. As one who would enlist
the interest of a child makes his
speech conform to the understand
ing of a child, so it is essential that
the avant courier of trade should
place himself on the same footing
with those whose co-operation he
desires to obtain. The parallel of
the child is not In Intelligence, for
foreigners may be as far advanced
as we are. but it exists in the respect
that the Initiative must come from
us. We cannot expect a foreigner
to learn our language in his own
country in order to be able to listen
to a message the value of which he
probably does not appreciate In
advance. The missionaries long ago
discovered that they could do effi
cient service only by acquiring the
languages of the people among
whom they labored. The same sit
uation exists as to the emissaries
of commerce.
We made a brave start about five
years ago. when there was a marked
revival of interest in Spanish and
French. A few brave souls ventured
boldly Into the mazes of Russian
and Chinese. We were going to do
big iui with our uvv?
iirmy of
1 linguists, but enthusiasm soon
; waned. Taking the country as a
whole, the language schools are
filled with empty benches. Our
foreign trade, if we ever have any,
will be conducted with the help of
bright young men of other countries
who are more
language-minded
' than we are
On the theory that the under-
manned professions ought to pay
the better salaries, it would seem
that those who have been fore-
j sighted might profit by the omis
sions of their rellows. But the way
it probably will work out will be
that, lacking the personnel to con
duct the business efficiently, we
shall have proportionately fewer
Openings. Trade is accelerated by
mass attack; the more .linguists we
are able to train, the more work we
shall have for them to do.
FAST TRAVEL AROUND THE WORLD.
Nellie Bly's success in ' clipping
some seven days and seventeen
hours from the fabulous record of
Phlleas Fogg for a voyage around
the world is open to no criticism as
a performance accomplished with
the facilities existing in her time
but it Is already possible to point out
how the record of John Henry
Mears, present holder of the around
the-world championship title, might
without too much strain on the
Imagination be improved upon
Mears made the trip In the summer
of 1913, in 35 days, 21 hours and 35
minutes, by the Russian route. But
only last year a feat of a British of
ficer of the royal air service showed
that the Siberian hazard of slow
travel can be eliminated and pointed
to a practical way in which the time
for the entire voyage may be re
duced to something like thirty-two
days.
Starting from Bagdad at 6 A. M,
on September 15 last, the British of
ficer, proceeding home from Meso
potamia In the ordinary course of
duty, traveled from Bagdad to Lon
don in six days and fourteen hours,
arriving there at 8 P. M. on Septem
ber 21. He was two days on the way
from Mesopotamia to Egypt over an
air route which had been opened by
the royal air force for the carriage
Of official mail. He made the rest
of the journey to England by sea
and rail. It is the belief of aviation
experts that the journey eastward
from Bagdad to Yokohama can be
made in(a week, which would make
London and Yokohama only thirteen
days apart. Mears" record for the
remainder of the trip around the
world was nineteen days. He was
nine days on the voyage from Yoko
hama to Victoria, B. C, and it took
him a few hours over four days to
travel from Victoria to New York.
On the first lap of his journey he had
gone from New York to London In
six days. By simply duplicating his
performance between Yokohama and
London, and by taking advantage of
the new route across southern Asia
under new conditions, Mears him
self would not have a great deal of
trouble In reducing his own record
time by three d.ys.
Use of the airplane introduces the
traveler to a world of which Nellie
Bly did not even dream, but it Is
now remembered that Mears pos
sessed this advantage, although only
for a brief stage. This was when he
arrived In Victoria and found that
an important train connection at Se
attle necessitated exceptional meas
ures unless he was to lose practically
an entire day on the journey. He
then made a short flight across
Puget sound, the train was held for
him a bare fifteen minutes, and he
was again on his way. By linking
up with the established air mail
service between Wyoming and New
York he might now cut a probable
two days more from the journey. It
would be wholly feasible therefore
to go around the world in a month,
or perhaps a trifle less.
Mears' emulators still have a rec
ord to go against, however, in the
matter of cost. Mears" total ex
penses were ess than $800, includ
ing "liberal" tips. This is at least
in part accounted for by the circum
stance that he passed only a single
night in a hotel.
WHAT ABOUT RUSSIA?
One of the most delicate questions
which President Harding will have
to consider In connection with that
of American participation in the
Genoa economic conference Is recog
nition of the soviet government of
Russia. Subject to specific condi
tions, the supreme council of the al
lies invited the Russian government
to participate, that being an offer oi
official recognition. The soviet has
accepted the invitation but not yet
the conditions and has appointed
Lenin and Tchitcherin to head ijt
delegation. If they should accept
the conditions and should be admit
ted, participation by American dele
gates would constitute recognition
of the soviet government by the
United States.
In the resolution calling the con
ference, the supreme council said
that the allies "cannot accord recog
nition unless the Russian govern
ment accepts" conditions which it
had stated. These are that nations
cannot dictate to each other the
principles of government, property
and economics which they shall fol
low; that foreigners who provide
capital to help a country must have
certitude that their property and
their rights will be respected and
that the fruits of their enterpris
will be assured." Nations desiring
foreign credits must recognize past
or future public debts and obliga
tions and the right of foreign inter-
ests to Indemnity for confiscated
property. To provide convenient
means of exchange" "financial and
monetary conditions ought to exist
which offer sufficient guaranties.'
All nations "ought to engage to ab
stain fro m" subversive political
propaganda in other countries and
to abstain from all aggression on
their neighbors.
The soviet has already made a
considerable advance in compliance
with some of these conditions. It
has announced, not in a formal
manner but through a wireless press
message from Moscow, that It will
recognize Russian debts incurred
prior to the war. It has adopted a
new economic policy which, Lenin
said on October 19, 1920, "is dic
tated by recognition of the fact that
we have suffered a powerful defeat
and commenced a systematic, strate
gic retreat." The main points of the
new policy are stated in Commerce'
Reports of the United States depart
ment of commerce. They are: "Par
tial restoration of freedom to trade
in agricultural products by substi
tution of a food tax for requisitions;
abandonment of unrestricted requl
sit ion of labor and substitution of.
a tax .of a fixed number of days'
labor on public work; abandonment
of uniform wages on state enter
prises, adoption of piecework in
most cases, and encouragement of
overtime work by high rates of pay;
lease of industries to private indi
viduals at rentals consisting of a
percentage of the output, and grant
of concessions to foreign capitalists.
adoption of commercial principles in
1 state enterprises by buying raw ma-
terial and selling the product at
market value.
Lenin predicts a race between
capitalism and communism under
the new policy and says that. If "the
capitalists have time to organize and
consolidate their gains, they will
drive out the communists and then
there will be nothing more to talk
about," Few leases of important in
dustries and few foreign concessions
have been given, but the new policy
has brought a great Increase of pro
duction where applied.
On the face of this showing it
would seem that the soviet has not
much farther to go in order to meet
the allies' terms, but any move to
recognize it is strongly opposed. The
Russian information bureau in this
country, which speaks for Russian
democracy as against both bolshe
vism and Czarism and which counts
many noted Americans among its
honorary advisers, maintains that
bolshevist rule itself is the most
serious obstacle to economic restor
ation of Europe, that Russia would
sink lower under it, that by extend
ing recognition and credit to it the
allies would strengthen it when it is
already dying for lack of sustenance
for Its red army, its bureaucracy and
the bolshevist party. Soviet leaders
avow that their new policy is only
a - concession to preserve soviet
power "until the proletariat of other
countries comes to our aid" with a
revolution which will overthrow
bourgeois governments.
A. J. Sack, director of the bureau.
predicts that much of the money
which foreign credit would supply
would be spent on propaganda to
hasten world revolution and that,
when Russia sweeps away bolshe-
vlsm, it will repudiate the Soviet's
contracts selling the country's
wealth to foreigners. He says that
the United States should stand on
the principles laid down by Secre
taries Colby and Hughes, that there
must be fundamental changes before
the United States may consider trade
relations, and that there must be
"convincing evidence" of such
changes. He suggests that the Genoa
conference offer to recognize any
government freely chosen by the
Russian people, and that to this It is
indispensable that terrorism be abol
ished, polititcal freedom restored
and Immediate free elections be
held, if not to a constituent as
sembly, then to the Soviets.
A protest against recognition of
the soviet by participation with it in
the Genoa conference has been sent
to Secretary Hughes by Alton B.
Parker, president of the National
Civic Federation. He quotes Mr.
Hughes against the supreme coun
cil's supposition that soviet Russia
is "a vital element in the Immediate
economic crisis," says no early relief
can be expected from Russia s re
covery, that the Soviet's pledges are
worthless, being made with the de
clared purpose to break them if con
venient, and that recognition would
be a great victory for bolshevist
propaganda, having been its goal.
He attributes the soviet retreat to
American policy, but quotes both
American and British capitalists
who have negotiated with Moscow
to prove the concessions to be
largely illusory, that bad faith Is the
bolshevist Intent and that efforts at
revolution would continue in disre
gard of any agreements made at
Genoa.
In opposition to this line of argu
ment, the president may be Impor
tuned to recognize the .soviet by
Great Britain nd Italy, which have
made trade agreements with it, pos
sibly by France, which is reported to
have reached an understanding with
Moscow. They have more cogent
reasons for desiring industrial and
agricultural revival of Russia than
has the United States, though any
beneficial effects on them would re
act favorably on us. Russia is still
going through revolution; bolshe
vism Is but one of the phases.
American policy' may contribute
much to continue the revolution in
the wrong course or to direct it In a
course leading to true democracy.
That opportunity furnishes a strong
incentive for going to Genoa. Russia
coming into active life again would
be a powerful influence in world
restoration. How best can America
help?
For half a century the late H.
Sinsheimer put melody into Port
land homes. Women now grand
mothers can recall the happy day
when he delivered a musical instru
ment Just a thing like that keeps
memory green. -
More than a hundred dreadful
deaths may be found to be the price
of somebody's error in the disaster
at the national capital. In such
weather the snow was not heavy,
but weighty enough to find a fatal
flaw.
If those winter tourists in Cali
fornia going home in disgust will
come through here (and Seattle
yes, thank you) they will lose much
of their petulance and perhaps await
the coming of spring.
A society has been formed In Lon
don for scientific extermination of
vermin. That will put the fine comb
in the discard.
As Washington Is a city of tempor
ary residence, the disaster spread its
affliction to almost every section of
the country.
Tf' K,a CaKfnrnla T,irlt tt 111 'i L a '
the most of it. At Modesto the
mowflakes are said to be the largest
ever seen.
A buyer of liquor has been ar
rested and fined at last, so it is no
longer a one-sided performance.
Just the weather to fill the chest.
This temperature puts "ginger" into
the work anrl gets results.
The man who did not give "much"
last year knows his mistake now and
will do better.
Breakfast bacon at 42 cents Is the
result of skilled work on the 10
hog.
Townloy got o-.it of jail yesterday
and agaiu it eager to put. on the
sieves.
BY-PRODUCTS OF THE PRESS
Qaeer Ways Jafssese Have of Dolaa-
Some Thing Are Told.
Julian Streets's "Mysterious Japan
gives an interesting list of Japanese
"inversions," things that the occi
dentals do in a manner directly op
posite to ours. Mr. Street says:
"The Japanese method of beckon
ing. would to us. signify 'go away';
boats are beached stern foremost
horses are backed into their stalls
sawing and planing are accomplished
with a pulling instead of driving
motion; keys turn In their locks in a
reverse direction from. that customary
with os. During the day Japanese
houses, with their sliding walls of
wood and paper, are wide open, but
at night they are enclosed with solid
board shutters and people sleep prac
tically" without ventilation. At the
door of a theater or a restaurant the
Japanese check their shoes instead of
their hats! their sweets, if they 'come
at all, are served early In the meal
Instead of toward the end.
"The Japanese child Is one year old
on the day it is born and two years
old on the following New Year's day.
, w
It has been recently found. In the
course of experiments by the United
States bureau of public roads, that
tho edges of concrete roads curl up
and down in response to changes in
temperature. The unequal expansion
and contraction of the upper and low
er sides of the concrete slab under the
Influence of heat cause this curling.
At the time of day when the surface
of the road becomes the hottest it
expands more than the cooler under
side and the sides move downward.
At night, when the edges cool, they
cuA upward. Scientific American.
Three Scotsmen went to church,
each clutching tightly the bawbee he
intended to contribute when the plate
was passed, relates London Opinion.
Consternation reigned when the min
ister announced that this particular
Sunday an effort was to be made to
raise the mortgage and asked every
member of the congregation to make
a substantial offering.
During the prayer the Scots held a
whispered consultation as to the solu
tion of their dilemma and reached a
satisfactory decision.
One fainted and the other two car
ried him out.
A famous French modiste has
adopted a new plan to protect her
creations against coypists. In future,
every gown originating from her ate
lier will bear as a mark of identity
her autograph, a special number and
her thumb-print. If a doubt arises in
a purchaser's mind as to the authen
ticity of a purchased garment it Is a
simple matter to remove the mark of
identity and return it to the dress
maker with full particulars as to the
name and address of the purchaser
and seller. Identification is Immedi
ate and the reply made by return
mail. Reproductions authorized by
the designer are also protected in like
manner. New York JSvening Post.
A London statistician asserts that
a girl dressed in blue at a dance can
fill her card twice over; in black and
gold she will be without partners five
dances: In yellow the dance will be
"unsatisfactory" to her. A cowhoy
substituting as waiter in a plains rail
way dining station, offended at a
traveler's choice of apple pie after
hesitating between that and mince,
demanded threateningly "What's the
matter with the mince?" Well, what's
the matter with the dance card of a
pretty girl dressed In white? New
York Herald.
mm
The. world is full of advice givers.
One says: "Get Into debt and it will
stimulate you to, hustle and earn
more." Sounds reasonable. On the
whole, though, we are inclined to fol
low the other fellow'sf "Keep out
of debt, and then when opportunity
knocks you won't be afraid to go to
the door." Boston Transcript.
Herb Roth, the caricaturist, is buy
ing a country home in Westchester.
He is going to call It "Dandruff on
the Knob." Indianapolis Star.
A man went to order a wedding
cake the other day, according to the
New York Globe.
"I'm getting married," be said to
the girl in the bakery, "and I want a
cake."
"Well, it's the latest thing," said
the girl, 'to have wedding cakes in
harmony with the bridegroom's call
ing or profession. Thus, a musician
has an oat cake, an athlete a cup
cake, a man who borrows money from
his friends a sponge . cake, and co
forth and so on. What Is your call
ing, please?" .
"L'm a pianist," answered the hap
py young man,
'Then, of course," said the girl,
"you'll want v pound cake."
"
The Philadelphia Public Ledger has
received the following communica
tion: "Upon October 3 the Philadelphia
Public Ledger stated that the famous
Exeter beer cellars have been abol
ished, with the consent of the under
graduates, and substituted by 'a
lunchroom where nothing stronger
than tea or coffee will be served.'
"I am Instructed by a unanimous
vote of the Stapledon, or College so
ciety, utterly to deny this rumor and
leg you to give prominence to the
fact that the Exeter college beer cel
lars have been renovated, not abol
ished, and that they are still as sat
isfying and popular as ever.
'I have the honor to be your obedi
ent servant.
"NEVrLLE K. COGH1LL.
"Honorable secretary Exter college.
Slapledon society, Oxford."
Officer In Amy,
CENTRALIA, Wash.. Jan. 29. (To
the Editor.) December 4, 1921, about
a month and a half ago, I read an
article In The Oregonian which stated
that the number of officers In the
army had become greatly depleted. In
a discussion the other evening I gave
what I thought were the correct fig
ures and was informed that I must
have the wrong ones. If you have
this article still In your files would
it be possible to print the number ol
officers In each rank?
CENTER ALIA READER.
On December 4. 1921, The Oregonian
published a dispatch from San Fran
cisco which cited a war department
announcement that of the 11.239 offi
cers in the army at the close of the
war 2940 had resigned, and that the
number of aspirants taking examina
tions was short of the need. The ar
ticle gave resignations by rank, but
did not state the number remaiuing
by rank. ' .
f
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales sf Folks at the Hotel.
In Lincoln county the lumber btisi
nues gives signs of resurrection. The
Pacific Spruce company, which bought
lo.OOU acres of timber, li miles of rail
road and a big sawmill from the gov.
eminent, this being one of the spruce
production enterprises, has now 103
men at work getting the big mill in
readiness for operations. Another 48
men are employed in ballasting the
tracks and seeing that the roadbed is
in good shape.' By July the company
expects to have 640 men at work in
the woods and the mill. This infor
mation was brought to Portland yes
terday by Ben F. Jones of Newport.
Or. Regarding the Yaquina bay har
bor improvement, the project origi
nally provided for 20 feet at lower
low water. The south jetty Is finished
and work is In progress on the north
jetty and already there are 20 feet
of water available. With the com
pletion of the north jetty the depth of
the water will be greatly increased.
The project Is a co-operative under
taking between the citizens and the
government. Already there Is enough
water for boats carrying 2.000.000 feet
of lumber,' but there are no boata.
The Pacific Spruce company is plan
ning to build Its own steamer.
Often In the manufacture of teel,
as In other lines, imwovementa are
made1 by accident, according to W. J.
C. Stockley, secretary of the National
Association of Winchester clubs, at
the Multnomah. "A few years ago a
steel worker was experimenting In
mixing certain Ingredients for the
manufacture of steel," said Mr. Stock
ley. "He melted the materials to
gether and the results not being satis
factory the batch was thrown into
the refuse heap. Several weeks later,
passing the pile of waste material, he
noticed some steel that was bright
and showed no stains of rust, although
it had been in the rain. Upon ex
amining it he found it to he the steel
which he had been experimenting
with and that purely by accident he
Lad become'the possessor of the secret
for the manufacture of stainless steel.
It has become valuable for guns and
cutlery and other articles where steel
that will not rust is needed."
"Gardiner Is doing well and by
April 1 the sawmill which represents
an investment of J2, 000,000 will be
ready to operate," says Fred Assen
heimer, who is at the Imperial with
his wife. Mr. Assenheimer Is secretary.-of
the taxpayers' league In his
section and the league is fighting the
port of Umpqua because the port
wants to dredge a shoal so that boats
can get up to Reedsport. Mr. Assen
heimer says that Gardiner has a far
Letter harbor than Keedspcrt and
that there is quite a movement of
".umber out of the bay. A few days
sgo a tug towed in an empty barge
and picked up a barge loaded with a
million feet of lumber and went out
to sea, all on the same flood tide.
Mr. Assenheimer is a strong booster
for the Roosevelt highway, as he says
that when thfs Is constructed It- will
run . straight through the town of
Gardiner.
Poultry Is coming to the front as
an Industry in Idaho. In three years
the industry has Increased from $3,-
000.000 to $16,000,000. This Is a result
of the university extension work and
shows how this service is aiding the
farmer and the state, according to
W. Kjosness, of the Idaho university
extension department, who Is regis
tered at the Multnomah. He states
that there has also been a great im
provement In the dairy Industry. Last
month there were 15 carloads of the
finest kind of dairy cattle brought
Into Idaho for distribution. Within
the past few weeks more than 70fl,
000 has been deposited In the banks
of Boise by the sale of wool in that
section of Idaho. Mr. Kjosness Is at-'
tending the Western States agricul
tural conference.
When he heard of the terrific dam
age done to the orange crop In Cali
fornia, W. C. Michael of Seattle de
cided he would turn back at Port
land and go home. Instead of pro
ceeding to the southland. Mr. Michael,
w-ho registers at the Perkins from
Seattle, is an apple orchardist of
Wenatchee and is interested in the
orange business in southern Cali
fornia. He was planning to drive by
machine to Los Angeles and vicinity.
but on arriving In this city he learned
of the devastation done by snow and
cold in the south and concluded that
he might as well remain in the Pa
cific northwest.
Dr. Ray Logan, who was a member
of the famous class of 1899 which
included Herbert Hoover, is In the
city from his home at Umatilla.
Some 60 years ago Umatilla Land
ing, as It was then called, was the
head of navigation. At that point
supplies were shipped to the mining
districts of Idaho, Washington and
the districts in eastern and central
Oregon. There are yet a few of the
old-timers at Umatilla who were there
in those days. One of them, accord
ing to Dr. Loean. insists that he was
at Umatilla when they dug the ditch
In which the Columbia river now
flows.
R. V. Gunn of Oregon Agricultural
college is at the Multnomah. Mr.
Guiin recently made a survey of a
number of Oregon farms to ascertain
what profit they were making. This
information was laid before the state
tax investigation commission and. it
showed that there was a profit on
the average farm of J463. This Bur-
vey Is to be amplified and used as
part of the report which the com
mission is to make to the legislature
in 1923.
Frank J. Miller of Albany, where
he Is in the iron business, is an ar
rival at the Imperial. Mr. Miller, who
is a former state senator and also
a former member of the Btate public
service commission, has been spend
ing the recent weeks in California.
Cecil Lieuallen of Heppner was In
Portland yesterday on his way to
Salem. Mr. Lieuallen is a former
service man of Morrow county and
made repeated trips across the At
lantic on a warship convoying troop
transports.
J. Darling of Eugene, registered at
the Perkins. Is said to have made
about fSO.OOO by selling timber lands
down in that section of the Willam
ette valley.
M. P. Pratt of Sacramento. Edward
Kotok and 11. G. Kedington of San
Francisco, all of the forest service
In California, are among the Mult
nomah arrivals.
George W. Parman, former county
judge of Gilliam, is registered at the
Hotel Oregon. J. W. Richmond, also
of Condon, is with him.
Peter Clarke MacFarlane. novelist
and lecturer, was at the Benson yes
terday while passing through Port
land. J. B. Adrian of Boise and George
W. Densley of Baker,, both in the
sheep business, are in the city.
W. J. Edwards, one of the commis
sioners of Gilliam county, is at the
Imperial from Mayvllle.
Best Way la Finance Indicated.
Judge.
"What Js the best way to spend
less?"
"Make some other person spend
Hioro." t J
J BAD EFFECTS OF INC OME TAX
I Withdrawal of Capital ana Hlafcrr
latere! Rates Fnearea.
PORTLAND, Jan. SO (To the Edi
tor.) Bad effects of a state income
tax In Oregon will be as follows:
1. It will divert Investment fuiuls,
outside Oregon, to other states.
2. It will move away from Oregon
outside funds already invested in In
dustries here.
' 3. It will raise the Interest rat In
Oregon and make funds scarcer and
harder to borrow. Ixcal borrowers
will find the tax added to their In
terest rate.
4. It will make effects similar to
those of the old mortgage tax law
(enacted in 1882 and repealed in
1893), which imposed an income tax.
6. It will cause many Oregon peo
ple to move their residence and citl
xenship to other states, although
they may continue business !n OK6
gon as technical non-residents.
C. For all these reasons It will
retard the growth and progress of
OVegon.
These effects are as Certain to re
sult as "death and taxes"; they can
be foreseen as surely and clearly as
next season's rose blossoms. Nor
can they be cured or prevented by
other "corrective" legislation. Mobile
"intangibles" are sure to seek chan
nels of the least resistance and the
utmost freedom from charges. Other
communities will get the UBe of funds
which an income tax will move out
of Oregon.
Another effect aurely will be en
largement of the revenues of office
holders by the amount of the Income
tax collected, although the office
holders certainly will be disappointed
by the relative smallnesa of what
they get. It may be strongly doubted
that an income tax will relieve the
heavy burden borne by real estate,
both because the new tax source will
prove inadequate and because .addi
tional revenues will be demanded to
pay for the constantly growing util
ities of government, which are said
to be "needed." The tax conserva
tion commission of Multnomah county
has abolished some utilities but only
against the vociferous protests of
office-holding tax eaters, as, for ex
ample, the police.
In the effort to reduce taxes, ap
parently, every device Is to be tried
except actual reduction of taxes.
The income tax, doubtless. Is a plan
to lay more taxes, not less, In spite
of what Its defenders may say. The
effects certainly will be injurious to
this capital-needing state, just as
was the mortgage tax of 1882-93.
No other western state has enacted
the income tax. Oregon cannot
afford t do this business alone. The
United States government imposes
such . tax successfully because its
authority Is universal and there is
no escape, unless to a foreign coun
try, where taxes may be worse. But,
even so, there is no mistaking that
the United States income tax has
raised the Interest rate which bor
rowers "have to pay, and multiplied
official tax eaters.
It should not be overlooked that
Incomes in Oregon already bear heavy
taxes. From authentic sources we
learn that local and state taxes levied
in Oregon in 1921 amounted to $42,
000,000, and United States Income
taxes $28,000,000. Thus, of the $70.
000,000 huge total of taxes in Oregon
last year. Incomes paid 40 per cent.
Business of "intangibles" has found
the load of Income tax so heavy that
a nation-wide demand, has gone up for
relief, but such are the needs of
officeholders that inadequate relief
has been afforded by the present
congress. LESLIE M. SCOTT.
LAU AMD MONEY FOR SOLDIEHS
Establish Men oi Oreaoa Varant
Lands, Sna-ffeata Writer.
PORTLAND, Jan. SO. (To the Edi
tor.) The government seemingly Is
desirous of acknowledging the great
service, hardships and sacrifice made
and endured by the young men of
the nation who offered their lives In
the cause of liberty. I have a sug
gestion to make that requires no ex
tended argument to convince an
sane man or woman that loves Amer
ica honestly to indorse.
This government owns millions ot
aeres of land in Oregon. Why not
give to those who desire a 160-acre
homesite and provide ' sufficient
money to place the man on the solid
ladder of success? We all know tha.
the solid foundation on which this
nation stands is the home and love
of home you destroy that and all Is
gone.
My father and mother crossed the
plains with ox-teams In 1853. This
hazardous voyage was caused by the
government giving them 640 acres
of land. They endured all hardships
and privations, including fighting
Indians, to build a home In Oregon.
What a difference at this time!
Eastern Oregon is an unpopulated
empire in itself and when properly
developed will become a wonderland
of great wealth. No section on the
planet called earth has more to offer
the home-builder. What a grand
feeling of security to know tiiat in
one section of America we had one
spot on the Pacific composed of men
that were willing, if called upon, to
sacrifice life that justice and human
liberty should not be destroyed!
Should our president, Mr. Harding,
and congress doubt the wisdom of
following this suggestion, please ex
amine candidate's plan of rewarding
their soldiers.
W. M. KILLINGSWOr.TH.
Scope of Hospital Guarantee.
SCAPPOOSE, Or., Jan. 29. (To the
Editor.) It is the custom among
logging and lumber companies to
charge its men a ''hospital fee."
Would this guarantee a man his pro
tection If be should meet with an
accident while off duty and away
from the camp where he is employed?
This does not refer to the workman's
compensation act.
F. RAM.
It depends upon the nature of the
specific .contract, which the employ
ing party uses. Most companies In
the northwest use the National Hos
pital association contract and this Is
In force 24 hours a day and also, if
a man leaves the employ of the com
pany, remains in force until the
month expires for which the employe
has paid his fee in advance. There
are, however, some few companies
which have Individual contracts void
out of working hours.
Not So Cold as Reported.
WALLOWA, Or., Jan. 28 (To the
Editor.) On day last week it seems
that you had an -article stating that
Wallowa was the coldest town In
three states, being 40 below zero.
I do not know where you received
your Information, but It sure was way
off. .The coldest we have registered
here so far this winter was 23 below
on January 18 and 22 below January
19, and only a few other nights has
it been below zero at all.
W. F. POOLE.
Days Wkea Pnte Fell.
PORTLAND. Jan. 30. (To the Kdl
tor.) Pleaae publish the days of the
week on which the following dates
fell: December 24. 1S90; April lit,
IS!; June 9. 1889.
INQUISITIVE.
rrcrmbcr 2 4. 1SS0, Wednesday; April
1. IS'JS, Saturday; June 3, m3, truo-
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montague.
THIS HAITI. KiROl Nl.
When lovely woman plies the putter.
It Is not m-uslc to her ear
To hrar some rude hc-golfor mutter;
"It's tough to have those women
hero.
They're alow on fair greens as mo
lasses. Although you holler till you'i'
hoarse.
They chip with spoons and putt with
brassies .
We ought to throw them off tht!
course."
When lovely woman sometimes ling
ers Upon the green to fix her hat.
Or with her deft and dainty fingers
To give her hair a little pat.
That merely Is the way she's galted,
And she Is pussled more and more
When men behind get irritated
And In hoarse accents bawl out,
"Fore!"
When lovely women play an eight
some. As lovely women often do.
And make the male contingent wait
some
Before permitted to go through,
They say, when language fierce and
torrid
From the .contiguous green rings
out: '
"My, dear! Those men are simply
horrid!
What have they got to swear about?"
At home, In mart, at bridge or tennis,
As all observers must confess.
Sex consciousness Is not a menace
To the pursuit of happiness.
Nor man nor maid content is single.
They both are of a common clay:
But when upon the links they mingle
There always is the deuce to pay.
Admit the Public.
The other powers appear to resent
Japan's use of the Chinese open door
as a private entrance.
No Chance at Home.
That advice of Horace Greeley's
could be taken with advantage by
Eamon de Valera.
Still Far Off.
Our Idea of a millennium Is a time
when somebody wll! do something
liini pdiiniur juhnu win n jijj i u in.
(CopyrfirM by the Bell Syndicate, lnc )
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyrlarbt, Hooghloa-Mlf flln Co.
fan Yon Answer These Questions?
1. How far can a snake thrust its
head forward In striking?
2. ' Will tlie meadowlark take a
perch on a building?
8. Do squirrels live In a dormant
state In winter, without foodt We
have some squirrel neighbors that
have burled all the nuts we gave
them, and we would like to know
how they can get any food when the
ground Is frozen?
Answers In tomorrow's nature notes.
s
Anawern to Previous Questions.
1. How do crabs propagate?
They reproduce by eggs, which are
laid In the summer season, shortty
after the female 'has shed the hard
shell. Sho has an abdominal ap
pendage In which tho eggs are carried
about for safety until they hatch.
2. What is the name of the spider
with "black and yellow markings,
found sometimes among goldenrod?
At a guess, probably the orange
garden spider, genus .Miranda auran
tia. The adult female is sometimes
an Inch or more long. Its markings
are spots and hands of bright orange,
and on the ccphalothorax are silvery
white hairs. A full description Is In
Comstock's "The Spider Book," at
page 34.
3. Please tell me about the hnbi'.s
of the albatross.
Found In southern tropical, or sub
tropical waters, but we have two
species,-the black-footed and short
tailed, on the Pacific coast, a fur
north as Alaska: and two others, the
yellow-nosed and the sooty, on Unlt"i
States Pacific coast. Wing sprcml
may be 10-12 feet, but winss only
about 9 inches wide. Front tues fully
webbed. Great powers of flight,
maintaining horizontal position fre
quently, but In turning, ono win
points upward and the oth'-r to tht"
sea. Eats fishes. Jelly fishes, offal.
scraps thrown from boats, etc. Nests
in lonely Islands, laying one ens
a mud and grass nest on the ground
Both parents incubate. Rare on At
lantic coast north of Tampa bay.
1
In Other Days.
Twenty-five 1 enrn A so.
From Th OroRoniui. of .Imiuary 31. 1M7
Chineno new your will .rominpurc t
12 o'clock toninht. Thin informatlni,
Ih not needed hy tlin inhabitantH of
tho city within a half mile of China
town. "Wood block paving on First fitrei
is now completed from Madiwou tn
Salmon streets.
IT. C. Malcolm. William S. f,ad.l. S.
Murbead. 1. Wllliama and Chris Mulr
head returned yesterday from Deer
island with a BtririR of 187 ducks.
Fifty Yet. Ao.
From Tho Orenonlan of January 31, 17'.'
WaNhlngton. Naval officers object
to serving on the Ironclads, and those
who have just been ordered to nca
are using all tho Influence they can
muster to be relieved from such serv
ice. A pang of burglars Is operating
about Dayton.
The railroad company is laying off
an addition, to the town of Oakland.
That town will soon be a smart place.
Daily mall nervlce has been estab
lished to Barlow, Clackamas county.
Temperatures In 11)10.
M 1ST, Or.. Jan. 29. (To the Editor.)
Will you kindly advise through tin'
columns of your papftr how cold . It
was any place in the city of Portland
two years ago; also how cold it was in
Vancouver, Wash?
At Portland, 3 degrees above inro
December 13, At Vancouver
Wash., 10 degrees below roro, De
cember 12, 1919.
President of Germans'.
DALLAS, Or.. Jan. 29. (T6 the Ed
itor.) Please tell me the name ot the
present president of the Herman re
public, and also the date of his elec
tion. HELENA Ci. rETERd.
Kriedrlch Ebert was elected presi
dent by the German national assembly
on February 11, 1919, fur a term of
seven years.
Enthusiasm Makes a Quirk Exit.
' Jll.Tc.
"Your fHirtt Is to n.rry
Lord Hlitnk hikI give ni aclini.."
"The old alugu-i ubbtr ;"
lb