THE 3I0RMXG OREGOXIAX, MONDAY, JANUARY 30, 1922
ESTABLISHED BT HENRI L. PITTOCK
Published by The Oresonlan Publishing Co.
135 Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon.
C A. MOftDEN. H. B. PIPER,
Manager. Editor.
The Oree-onlan is a member of tho Asao
dated Pre. The Associated Frees la ex
clusively entitled to the use (or publication
of all nnvi dispatches credited to It or not
otherwise credited In this paper and also
the local news published herein. All rights
of publication of special dispatchea herein
are also reserved.
subscription liutrm Invariable ig Advance
(By Mall.)
Dally. Sunday Included, one year ..... .$8 00
lai!y. Sunday Included, six montha ... 4.2
Daily, tiunduy Included, three montha 2.25
Daily, Hunday Included, one month 75
Dally, without Sunday, one year 6-00
Dally, without Sunday, six montha ... 3.25
Daily, without Sunday, one month... .60
Weekly, one year 1.00
Sunday, one year 3.50
(By Carrier.)
Dally, fl-irday Included, one year $0.00
Dally, Sunday Included, three montha, 2.23
Daily, Sunday included, one month 75
Daily, without Sunday, one year.... T.80
Daily, without Sunday, three montha .. 1.05
Daily, without Sunday, one month ..... .06
How to Remit Send poatofflee money
order, expresjf or personal check on your
local bank, stamps, coin or currency are
at owner's risk. (Jive postofflce address In
lull, including county and state.
PoitaKe Rates 1 to 10 pases, 1 cent; IS
to 32 paa-eB, 2 cents; 84 to 48 pages. S
cents; 60 to 04 pages. 4 cents; 60 to 80
liaaea, o cents; 82 to 00 pages, 0 cents.
i'orelR-n postage double rate.
Eastern Business Office Verree at Conk-
liii, ttuu Mauitfon avenue, Pew York; verree
si conkiin. tsteger building, cnicago; ver
ree & Conklln. Free Press building, De
troit, Mich.; erree A Conklln, Monednock
building, San Francisco. Cat.
CITE! ,
There starts this day a short but
vigorous campaign In Portland to
fill the Community Chest. It is well
to review again, briefly, the purpose
of the enterprise.
It is to encompass in one cam
paign all the drives that are ordi
narily held to raise funds for charity,
benevolence and public welfare. The
numerous institutions and organiza
tions performing a public service In
one or the other of these particulars
which have obtained In the past all
or a part of their support from pub
lic subscription, and deserve so to
obtain it, are included In the list of
beneficiaries.
The advantages of the community
chest plan are several: It reduces
the cost of solicitation and collection
to a minimum; It provides a more
equitable allotment of the sums the
public can afford to give; it relieves
tho community of tag days and re
peated solicitation.
There will be those who will hesi
tate to give to the Community Chest
because there Is some one charity or
benevolence which has a special ap
peal to them and to which they have
been In the habit of contributing.
A widespread disposition of that
kind, if acted upon, will defeat the
desire and the purpose of those who
so withhold their aid. The several
beneficiaries of the chest are in ac
cord with the plan and only their
strictly conservative needs are pro
vided for in the apportionment. A
failure to 'fill the chest will mean
that all institutions, including the
favorite of him who has declined to
give to the common fund, will be
compelled to curtail their activities.
And' there is hardly a chance in .the
world that special and voluntary
giving would thereafter make up the
deficit of any institution or organ
ization. You who hold aloof for
sentimental reasons will, if there
should be enough of you, gratify
sentiment at the cost of suffering to
those you would befriend.
This is the carefully prepared plan
of men and women who have been
most active in good deeds. It is the
only definite plan for sustaining
good work that is or will be before
the public. It is of right entitled to
the co-operation and assistance of
everyone who has an interest In his
fellow man.
ANOTHER SIWASH COLLEGE SCANDAL.
Siwash college, that fictional
freshwater temple of learning, with
Its amusing and exhilarating
scrambles for football stars, is far
from comic when we encounter it in
fact Though an element of the
ludicrous is not lacking nor a touch
quite remindful of Siwash in the
"good" old days, the story of how
two eastern towns imported college
players from the universities of Illi
nois and Notre Dame, to strive in
the gridiron classic does not Incite
ti9 to mirth. It happens to be truth,
and not fiction, which Is vastly dif
ferent. We dislike to dwell upon the
thought that our school and college
athletics are branded with the dollar
mark, and that an epochal victory
troes to the longest purse. Yet we
should have been prepared for this.
It has been common knowledge for
years that such practices were not
exceptional. The fault seems par
tially ours, for the public declined to
be scandalized until the expose.
It was only last week that Lone
Star Dletz, a football coach of na
tional note, was dismissed from that
post at Purdue for similar breaches
of ethics. lie had but facilitated an
existing system, that of luring foot
ball players to college by offers of
lucrative employment, through the
more direct, though not more repre
hensible, plan of posting the reward
in cash. Lone Star shone with
greater brilliancy than his peers, or
with greater recklessness, that was
all. The system he played, that of
introducing professionalism to school
and college athletics, was neither
unique nor his own.
The lesson so clearly evident In
these revelations is not that college
sports are unwise or baneful or de
moralizing. It does not teach that
In our instruction of youth we should
neglect physical excellence, and
strive toward a vast, anaemic erudi
tion. For we know, as Indispensable
knowledge, that there must be a
blend of both in the successful citi
zen, a tempering of both, a happy
medium thnt will make for virile ef
ficiency. Hut does it not teach that
the spectaoularity, the dramatic
quality, of college athletics has been
suffered to attain a perilous magni
tude a magnitude that overshadows
the main objective, the real purpose,
of education ?
I'erllous from at least two points
of view: The first. In that the
magnified importance of mere sport,
Ziii devotion to its demands, must
logically react on scholarship, and
filch away pre-eminence. Kven
clean sport, if overplayed, could
have this effect. The second, in that
the conceit of college athletics has
moved It toward professionalism,
the sacrifice of ethical standards,
both in sport and life. By whatever
name we call It, however we may
gloss the practice over, the purchase
of players to participate In non-professional
sport Is subversive of
morals. If these conclusions are
sound, and certainly they are borne
out by recent revelations, the situa
tion at Siwash 1 really a matter of .
general concern. It Is no theme for
jest.
Let us see if, from the evidence at
hand, it is true that college athletics
have a superficial but significant
ascendancy over mere scholarship.
It Is true that we know, as by rote,
the names of those who have dis
tinguished themselves and dear old
Siwash in feats of hardihood base
ball, football, foot-racing, pole vault
ing, and all the rest. It is true that,
where is discussed the matter of
sport, scores will recite the records,
the achievements, of this or that
team, of such and such a hero, with
the gllbness of an almost devotional
familiarity. Now it would seem that
somehow, for such is their intent,
these halls of higher learning must
be producing scholars intellects
that one day shall lead the thought
of their nation. It would seem that
the classroom, too, must have its
heroes and Its victories. Of these
we do not hear, save casually. The
crown of scholarship is conferred
without the plaudits of the crowd.
The very name of the scholar Is ob
scured beyond his class.
The purpose of any school is to fit
its scholars for a greater game the
contest with life. If in any way the
school contributes not to this end
but to physical rating alone, and this
often at the expense of sound ethics,
the situation at Siwash becomes
critical. Mindful of what they have
heard and witnessed these few
weeks past, the universities and col
leges of America should feel im
pelled to self-inspection, and if need
be, to clean house. i
ASSOCIATED PRESS NEWS.
The news-carrying facilities of the
two Associated Press leased wires
which serve The Oregonian have
just been largely increased. Begin
ning today the main trunk wire,
which carries the news of the world
frbm. the east, will be operated .day
and night, without interruption. It
Is to be hereafter a 24-hour wire.
Simultaneously the daily service
period on the second wire, which
carries Northwest and Pacific coast
news, has been exactly doubled. This
wire, heretofore operated from 6 to
9 P. M., will now operate from S to
9 P. M.
This is not all. The main wire
has been converted into an express
wire. This has been done by a
"stripping" process, whereby the
Associated Press stations in all of
the smaller cities along the Pacific
coast -have been transferred to a
secondary circuit, leaving, In the
northwest, only Portland, Seattle,
Tacoma and Spokane and in the
south only Sacramento, San Fran
cisco, Los Angeles and San Diego on
the express wire.
The result of this, expressed in
terms of advantage to accrue to
readers of The Oregonian, is that
the express wire is now about one
third faster than it was before the
change was made, and that one
third more news in volume will be
carried by it in a given period than
before. Thus it is possible to bring
in for publication in The Oregonian
on this 24-hour express wire more
world news by 60 to 70 per cent than
ever before was brought in, and this
is being done. It is possible, with the
doubled period on the second wire,
to bring in twice as much northwest
Pacific coast and supplemental news
as ever was heretofore carried, and
this also is being done.
No newspaper in the United States
or in the world now receives a
fuller or better Associated Press re
port than does The Oregonian.
PORTLAND THE BEST MARKET.
If any further proof were needed
that Portland grain merchants do
not make exorbitant profits at the
expense of farmers in the interior,
as has been charged by Public serv
ice Commissioner Corey, it is fur
nished by Ernest Reiner, a visiting
grain merchant whose letter is pub
lished in another column. As he ex
ports from gulf ports, not Pacific
ports, Mr. Reiner has no personal
Interest In the controversy beyond
that of setting forth the truth. He
is evidently well qualified to make
the comparison between Portland
and Chicago prices on which Mr.
Corey based his original statement
that the Portland price of wheat was
17 cents too low in relation to the
Chicago price.
When all costs of transportation
and handling and the differences in
value of different kinds of wheat are
taken into account, the Oregon
farmer gets as high a price in Port
land as he could get in any market,
and the Portland exporter operates
on as small a margin as is possible
if he Is to remain in business. Com
petition is so keen between markets
and between dealers In each market
as to reduce dealers' profits to the
minimum and to protect the farmer
against extortion. Oregon farmers
are as free, to ship their wheat to
Chicago as to Portland and would
certainly do so If they could gain
even one cent a bushel, much more
If they could gain 17 cents. They
ship to Portland because all condi
tions here are In their favor. The
net result of Mr. Corey's agitation of
the subject has been to elicit proof
that they would fare no better, In
fact not as well, at other ports.
If any interested person still has
doubts on the subject, one way re
mains open to confirm or remove
them a public inquiry at which all
the facts will be brought out. Tho
grain merchants say they are will
ing. Let Mr. Corey take up their
challenge.
A TRlOim FOR GOOD HASH.
Fame has ever been partial with
her wreaths and rewards, giving rich
recompense to those who serve the
spirit and none whatever to the
humbler servants of our comfort
those unsung children of genius
who, let us say, invent feather pil
lows and omelettes. They are
passed by, never to be known by pos
terity, nor ever in their own lives
to receive the recognition to which
they are of right entitled. In this
connection one is glad to observe
a shining exception Mrs. Moloney,
who cooked for the late Mark
Hanna. From his estate is be
queathed to that excellent woman
the sum of $25,000.
In what was Mrs. Moloney pre
eminent? Corned beef hash. Others
might have a finer knack with cake,
or better luck with pies, but none
could compare with Mrs. Moloney in
the construction of corned beef
hash. It was a fragrant paem at
breakfast, and the memory of it is
yet one of the capltol's traditions.
Presumably Mrs. Moloney had cu
linary skill apart from this accom
plishment, but so have many chefs.
The truth ia that her corned beef '
hash" was the product of genius, not
skill, of inspiration, not domestic
science. A worthy woman worthy
to be remembered as Mr. and Mrs.
Hanna did remember her.
There is so much in life that seems
trivial and commonplace, scarcely
worth the endeavor. It is this sort
of thought that produces underdone
hash and soggy doughnuts. Only
when a superior character, sustained
by talent, takes the ordinary task
and transforms It do we perceive
that each duty is important and mo
mentous, and worth doing well.
Doubtless Mrs. Moloney's sister
cooks and brother chefs regard the
25,000 bequest as a stroke of good
fortune. It Is not. It is merely the
logical climax to a successful,
though humble, career.
. INSPIRATION.
Longfellow had not seen Minne
haha falls when he wrote that mas
ter poem, "Hiawatha." Yet it was
said by those who had that the
marvel was his accuracy of descrip
tion. Literature is replete with
Identical phenomena. A century
ago Thomas Moore wrote "Lalla
Rookh," an eastern romance in
verse. It brought him wealth and
fame. The poet never had visited
the 'orient, his visualization was
achieved by reading alone, but of his
poem the critics said that its de
scriptive beauty was faithful and
amazing. Do not these instances
combine to confound the material
ists?
In 1852, so the story runs, a young
photographer from Chicago visited
the falls of Minnehaha to make
picture, "selecting .that - from the
upper side where the bluff makes a
turn south, and where, looking west.
you face the fall, with the gorge in
the foreground." Charmed by the
scenic wonder of his theme, the
photographer took not one picture
but twenty. Fortunately for Ameri
can literature, one of these views
came eventually to the hand of
Longfellow. From it, and it alone,
grew the concept of an heroic poem.
The astounded photographer re
ceived by mall a copy of "Hia
watha," inscribed "Mr. A. Hesler,
with Compliments of the Author,
January, 1856."
What, then, is Inspiration? It Is
doubtful If any save the most ven
turesome would attempt the deflni
tion. Certainly it does not appear to
proceed always from direct contact
with material objects, though it
may, and this leads us back to the
beginning. Inspiration seems of the
mind and spirit, outwardly ' ex
pressed, dependent upon little if any
stimulus, and capable by its own
mystic energy and -vision of achlev
ing that which toil and study do not
attain. This is a good thought for
all dreamers of dreams, a proof that
dreams are far from idle, and that
under propitious conditions they
bear the golden fruit of Hesperides.
PROMISING TAX CHANGES.
Two important tentative recom.
mendations by the state tax investi
gation commission look, to establish'
ment of an income tax 'and the cen
tralization of present tax assess
ments powers in a state official.
Both proposals would tend toward
an equalization of taxation if it be
assumed, and we believe it may be,
that it is not the purpose of the
commission to devise methods or
discover sources that will yield1
greater revenues than we now have,
but rather to reach property that
now escapes and relieve property
now fully taxed of a corresponding
injustice.
In behalf of the income tax it is
pointed out that It will reach intan
gible property which now largely
escapes taxation. These intangibles
are chiefly moneys and credit
Under our present system they are
legally assessable at their full value.
For example, if a person has $1000
in a savings bank drawing 8 or 4
per cent interest his $1000 is legally
liable for a tax computed at the
year's levy, which may possibly be
40 mills or 4 per cent. If thus taxed
the entire income is taken by the
state and its subdivisions.
Naturally the owner of $1000 at
low interest withholds information
concerning it from the assessor. The
legal tax on a 7 per cent mortgage
takes more than one-half the year's
interest and the mortgage also is
driven Into hiding. The right or
wrong of sequestration of this form
of property and the right or wrong
committed by the average assessof
in not diligently seeking it out need
not be discussed. Discussion of the
morals of the circumstance has been
entered into without avail not only
in Oregon but in probably every
state in the union.
Intangibles have been reached in
some eastern states by putting a
much lower tax levy against them
than against general property. They
have thus been Induced to come out
of hiding, and revenues from such
sources have thus been vastly in
creased over the amounts realized
when attempt was made to place the
full levy against them. On the other
hand, in the neighboring state of
Washington moneys and credits
have been placed on the tax exempt
list. In Oregon a constitutional
amendment, after several defeats,
was finally adopted which permits
the levying of different rates upon
different classes of property. It was
once the purpose, it is understood,
to try the plan of placing a low levy
against moneys and credits, but the
purpose was never carried out.
While an income tax would reach
moneys and credits it would impose
a comparatively light burden upon
them. A 2 per cent income tax on a
7 per cent mortgage for $1000 would
be $1.40 or the equivalent of a gen
eral property tax of 1.4 mills, as
contrasted with the present general
property tax of upwards of 40 mills.
The income tax would be more
simple and more equitable than a
classification tax on this form of
property for its burden would auto
matically be graduated according to
the Interest rate of the security.
But the income tax is not recom
mended solely for its application to
moneys and credits. It would tax
many who now have no property,
tangible or intangible, yet have com
fortable salaries and partake of the
benefits and security provided by a
well-sustained government. Pre
sumably, as before stated, if the in
come tax is adopted, it will be for
the purpose of relieving tangible
property of an amount equivalent to
the yield of the Income tax. Cer
tainly our problem does not concern
the raising of more money for gov
ernmental expenses but concerns a
better and more even distribution of
the present cost of government. The
income tax should be considered
with solely that thought In mind.
Property now taxed is assessed in I
a haphazard way under the system
of leaving valuation policies to
thirty-six county assessors and
thirty-six county boards of equaliza
tion. Values fixed for tax purposes
on timber lands, farm lands, grazing
lands, livestock and other property
vary widely among the counties. As
an illustration, the assessment policy
in one county may give the farmer
some relief at the expense of the ad
joining timber owner; in another
county the policy may relieve the
timber owner at the expense 'of the
farmer. Although the law requires
that property be assessed at its ac
tual value, it is not done.
The state, however, has an equal
ization method which in a rough
and fairly accurate way puts all
county valuations on a common level
for the purpose of determining how
much each county as a unit shall
contribute to the cost of the state
government. Amounts so determined
are then certified to the various
counties and are there levied ac
cording to the county board's valua
tion, not according to the valuations
as equalized by the state board. The
result is. for example, that the
farmer whose county favors him at
the expense of other property pays
a lighter state tax than the owner
of a farm of the same actual value
In another county where other. prop
erty has been favored by the asses
sor at the expense of the farmer.
The present system of assessing
property is more of a growth than
a well-considered plan. The system
was started, then built upon as Its
inequalities developed, but inequali
ties have not all been disposed of.
The commission's tentative recom
mendation would abolish the present
system and rebuild it from the
ground up. It would dispense with
county assessors and establish a
state assessorship with the intent of
attaining a single state-wide equal
ization for all purposes and doing
away with thirty-six separate equal
izations for county purposes and the
superimposed state equalization for
state purposes. The proposal Im
presses one as a movement toward
justice and simplicity.
A physician writing in a medical
journal expresses the belief that
Sunday dinners are responsible for
more ills than people realize. He
says that week-day meals are less
often marked by intemperance be
cause the ordinary man Is usually
too much preoccupied with other af
fairs to do himself much harm at
the table, whereas on Sunday, hav
ing nothing else to do, he gorges
himself to his everlasting detriment.
We obtain from his jeremiad a new
idea as to the reason why most Mon
days are "blue Mondays" to so many
people; yet there is sound reason for
believing that they cannot be as bad
in that respect as they used to be.
The Sunday dinner of olden times
was largely the result of conditions
untjer which men worked so hard
all week that they had little or no
time to enjoy their food and lived on
the plainest fare. With the advent
of the shorter workday and the in
crease of leisure there was also a
better distribution of the joys of
life, so that the Sunday gorge de
clined in favor. Yet the physician is
probably right in intimating that
men eat too much anyway, and it
may be well for our health to heed
what he says.
The success of the government's
efforts to develop a wheat capable
of being brought to maturity well
within the Arctic circle is another
reminder of the remarkable success
achieved in recent years by plant
breeders and also a justification of
Vllhjalmur Stefansson's prediction
that the northern frontier eventually
will be a long way from its present
location. A report received by the
department of agriculture from the
agronomist in charge of five Alaska
stations says that a crop of 3500
bushels of wheat was produced in
the summer of 1921 north of Fair
banks and that It is being ground
into wheat near where It was pro
duced. The new grain has been de
veloped from Siberian stock and
brings nearer the time when Alaskan
agriculture will be equal to the task
of making the territory self-support
ing. In principle the process by
which the result has been obtained
is precisely similar to that by which
corn was bred that would ripen in
Oregon.
The latest styles in men's coats
have pleats under the arms to give
athletic fellows freer use of those
members. There ought to be a
great call for them from motorists
who drive with one hand free.
Strange as it may seem, the drop
in the price of eggs in New York is
likely to make it harder than ever
for young playwrights to pay their
income tax.
A New Yorker of middle age has
just married his mother-in-law. In
the absence of facts, it is safe to
presume she is an artist with corned
beef hash and hot cakes.
Some sharp has discovered that
women have broader heads in pro
portion to stature than men. Solider
with sense, too, generally.
If prohibition is good for a more
or less prosperous country like the
United States, how much better for
impoverished Poland?
The general election talked of for
England has been ruled off. Lloyd
George is the political wonder of
this age.
Idaho democrats are forgetting
the days of Stevenson and Steunen
berg in seeking candidates for gov
ernor.
These chest solicitors are doing it
for love of the cause and pride in
the city. " Give them a welcome.
When Mount Hood sends up real
smoke we will be having an earth
quake or two for accompaniment.
It's going to be hard for the
American navy to get acustomed to
the new definition for "scrap."
That comet discovered off the
Cape of Good Hope is near the slid-Ing-off
point already.
Ever see anything nicer than a
crisp new banknote, except perhaps
two of them?
There will be some noise today.
but the money makes it tomorrow.
When in doubt, make it a little
more.
HOW PASSENGERS CAN ' HELP
Mataal Taonshtfnlnrsa la Rosa Honrs
on Street Cars S ngge-atea.
PORTLAND, Jan. 29. (To the Edi
tor.) Have you ever noticed the
space unnecessarily occupied by cer
tain persons seated in a straet car by
spreading themselves out and not
closing the space between themselves
and the person sitting next? Some
times thev turn half around in order
o gaze out of the window, thereby
taking space enough for two. while a
number or others are standing In the
car. Again a thoughtless Individual
(we will give them the benefit of the
doubt) will sit with his hands in his
pockets and elbows spread out wing
fashion, thereby keeping some fellow
passenger (not always male) from en
joying the rare pleasure of sitting
down on the ride to and from work
Sometimes the precious space is oc
cupied by a market bag of groceries.
Of course, one of the standing victims
could ask for the right to sit down,
but the average individual hates to
create an unpleasant situation. The
utter selfishness of taking more space
than is necessary is hard to under
stand.
Perhaps it would not be asking too
much of our hard-worked conductors
to request forcibly that only such
space as is necessary be occupied by
each passenger and again publicity
such as suggested in this memoran
dum may arouse public conscience
and create a better spirit of com
eraderie in this respect.
So long as we have to contend with
the present crowded condition of our
cars during rush hours it is highly
desirable that passengers crowd over
as close to each other as possible and
let the greatest number possible ride
at ease. STREET CAR RIDER.
Ears; Problem Again.
DAYTON, Or., Jan. 28. (To the
Editor.) Please solve the problem
about the hen and a half laying an
egg and a half in a day and a half.
To me it is perfectly plain that the
hen laid an egg a day. ,
J. HARMON.
Try proving your answer. If one
hen lays one egg In one day, one hen
would, mathematically speaking, lay
one and one-half eggs in 'one and
one-half days. The problem, however,
says that that is the product of one
and one-half hens. Your answer lets
one hen do all the work, while her
half sister spends the whole time
cackling.
This is a very old catch problem.
and further discussion of it is of
doubtful merit, but to clear the minds
of several whose interest has been
aroused. The Oregonian will explain
that they, like this correspondent.
consider only two elements, when the
problem names three number of
hens, number of eggs and number of
days.
It is exactly the same as if the
problem read that three hens lay six
eggs in three days. In one-half the
time, or a day and one-half, the three
hens would lay one-half as many
eggs, or three eggs. Then If the flock
1-j also reduced one-half, or to one and
one-half hens, the production would
again be reduced one-half or to one
and one-half eggs. Three hens lay
ing six eggs in three days are obvi
ously not laying an egg a day each
but at the rate of two-thirds of an
egg a day each. Two-thirds egg is
the production per day per hen.
Relations With Mexico.
LA CROSSE, Wash., Jan. 27. (To
the Editor.) 1. Has the Obregon gov
ernment been recognized; by the Unit
ed States?
2. Can a man guilty of embezzle
ment who has escaped to Mexico be
brought back to the United States
against his will?
The argument here is tnat ne can
rot because the government wun
which we had such a treaty has been
overthrown by Obregon. and no new
treaty governing such eases has been
made. L. W. PUTNAM.
1. Our government has not of
ficially recognized the Obregon gov
srnment of Mexico. We have no min
ister In that country.
2. It is probable that a, man guilty
f embezzlement could be brought
bsck from Mexico. It would have to
be after consent had been obtained
from the Obregon government. The
United States is not unfriendly with
Mexico today and this consent could
doubtless be obtained.
How Widow Should Siara Name.
COOUILLE. Or., Jan. 28. (To the
Editor.) Is it not proper for a
woman whose husband is dead to use
lis given name or initials socially on
... ..111.- r.n o rT- t n vi t J 1 1 nn ft?
ner - . " - ... . .
Txrni4 i. n i-i aIha hn nrnner to reg
ister at a hotel the same way?
Tn alp-nins- her name a widow Is
governed by the same rules as when
er husband is living.
It Is far betteg form to use the
rinn tiam (or initials) of the hus
band. It ia correct also to register at
hotel the same war. in signing
letters or document however, the
idow's given name should be signed
If a widow Is well known as a writer
or artist or If she wishes to carry
her own family name, she may use,
for instance. Clara Armitage Oreen.
This Is done sometime when the
widow's family name is prominent
wMaIv known and when there
are several Mrs. John Greens In the
community.
Distribution of Kew Vers Estate.
WTTvnT.E. Or.. Jan. 28. (To the Ed
itor.) A childless man, a resident of
New York state, died without a will,
leaving a wife and cousins next of
kin.
1. What part of the real and per
sonal property will the wife receive?
j. What part the cousins?
. 2. Will the inheritance tax be com.
puted on the estate as a whole, or
will each person's inheritance be con
sidered a unit?
4. What will be the Inheritance
tax on a $30,000 estate?
SUBSCRIBER.
1. If neither children, grandchil
dren, father, mother, brother, sister,
nephew or niece survive, the widow
take all. This assumes that the
estate is In New York.
2. None.
3. According to each inheritance.
4. The New York state inheritance
tax on a $30,000 estate which all goes
to the widow is $250.
Soldier on Homestead.
NOLIN, Or., Jan. 28. (To the Ed
itor.) 1.- Kindly tell me where to
make application for the soldier's loan
or bonus? i. Would also like to know
If the time I served In the army is
allowed on my homestead that I filed
on since my discharge.
SUBSCRIBER.
1. World War Veterans State Aid
Commission, Salem, Or.
You are entitled to a credit for all
the time you served in the army up
to a period of 19 months. For addi
tional Information address the United
States Land Office, Portland, Or.
Those Who Come and Go.
Tales at Folks at the Hotels.
"It seems mighty good to be back
in Portland again," declared Charles
Z. Seelig of Wallace, Idaho, as he reg
istered at the Portland hotel yester
day. Mr. Seelig lived in Portland for
a number of years and then went to
Wallace, where he now heads the C. Z.
Seelig company, wholesalers of con
fections and tobacco. "Times have
been somewhat slack in tee Coeur
d'Alene mining districts for the past
year due to low metal prices, and
some of the big producers have closed
down. However, thore is a bright
outlook for the future and we are
feeling a revival of business already.
Wallace is one of the most wide
awake towns in north Idaho and Its
people are progressive and up to the
minute. Every street and alley in our
town are paved, and although the city
has a population of 3000, it is a
hummer."
Harry M- Coon of Boise, one of the
leading wool men of Idaho, left yes
terday for his home after having
spent ten days in PortlanJ. He was
one of the men in charge of the big
sale of the wool pool organised by
the sheep men of southwestern Idaho.
He has been suprintendending the
shipment of the 1.000,000 pounds of
wool disposed of at aurtlon to firms
in the east. "We have been very
much pleased with the treatment
given us by the authorities in Port
land," he said before departing, "and
next season if conditions are as they
now are we will return and hold an
other auction. Portland is the nat
ural market for the growers of
Idaho. We were greatly pleased with
the prices we received for our clip
here." While here Mr. Coon stopped
at the Portland hotel.
Dr. Mark Hayter of Dallas Is one
of the pioneer dentists of Polk coun
ty. Now he Is as well known as a
prune grower as he has been as a
dentist. A number of years ago Dr.
Hayter purchased a small tract of
land near Polk station and set it in
prunes. The public, through educa
tion, became convinced that a "prune
a day keeps the undertaker away"
and the prune industry flourished
Dr. Hayter extended his holdings,
planting more trees, and Is now one
of the leading growers of the state.
He still practices dentistry, but is
not neglectful of the prunes. With
Mrs. Hayter he is at th Imperial
hotel.
A Warren Gould of Mount Angel,
Or., who Is at the Multnomah, has
made a discovery which he thinks
will lead to more economy and rubber
saving in the manufacture of tires.
He has been through the east show
ing tuffa or lava rock to tire manu
facturers. This rock Is found in great
quantities near Mount Angel. By
grinding it into fine particles it can
be mixed with rubber. "It will mean
a great Industry for Oregon," de
clared Mr. Gould yesterday. "Tire
manufacturers are optimistic and be
lieve that the discovery will be of
great value to them."
To see ice cream made by the new
process invented by F. M. Martin of
Spokane, one Is reminded of a real
snow storm. The ice cream particles
fall from spouts at the top of a room
and float down a metal trough
through cold air and a propeller
pushes them Into cans, where they
are made ready for delivery. Mr.
Martin Is In Portland, and while at
the Multnomah hotel Is interesting
Portland manufacturers In his process.
The California lumber market is
picking up to a great extent and the
manufacturers of Oregon are to be
benefited, according to William Den
man, lumber broker of San Francisco,
who is registered at the Portland ho
tel. He is here looking over the sit
uation and representing his interests.
"I wish I were a pure-blood stock
reiser," declared one of the clerks
of the Imperial hotel yesterday when
F. R Beats of Tillamook displayed a
check for $23,600, which Is part pay
ment for a bunch of stock sold re
cently to the Carnation Milk company.
Mr. Beals is one of the best-known
pure-blood stock raisers In Oregon.
Lumber conditions are Improving
throughout the state, according to
George M. Cornwall, who, after a
trip through southern Oregon and
other sections has returned to Port
land. He states that there is a great
deal of activity around Yaqulna bay,
at Cottage Grove and other places
where lumber is a principal industry.
R. D. Cooper of Alsea, Or., Is In
Portland and Is spending a few days
at the Imperial hotel. Mr. Cooper is
one of the best-known hunters and
fishermen in his section of the state
There's no place like the Alsea coun
try when It comes to fish and game
he declared yesterday.
With a carload of cattle for the
local markets, W. K. McCormack ' of
Deschutes came to Portland yester
day. He Is registered at the Imperial
hotel. He says that Portlanders have
no grounds for complaint regarding
the weather. He comes from a dls
trict where the temperature has been
hovering below zero for some time.
Mr. snd Mrs. Dan P. Bagnell of Spo
kane are guests at the Portland hotel.
Mr. Bagnell Is a mining man with
large holdings in the Couer d'Alene
district. With Mrs. Bagnell, he is
on his way to California to spend
few weeks of the winter season.
'Rube Traube, New York city," is
a registrtaion found on the books of
the Benson hotel yesterday. All of
which goes to show that, contrary to
the universal opinion of the east, all
of the rubes are not found in the
west.
Mr. and Mrs. R. A Josling, newly-
weds of Shedd, Or., are at the Im
perial hotel. They were married ten
days ago and are spending thelx
honeymoon seeing Portland.
R. E. Klepper, brother of William
Klepper. owner of the Beavers, and
Milton R. Klepper, attorney, is reg
istered at the Imperial hotel.
George A Mansfield, head of the
state farm bureau, is registered at
the Imperial hotel. Mr. Mansfield
lives in Medford.
George H. McMoran. one of the
leading drygoods merchants of Eu
gene, is registered at the Imperial
hotel.
Mrs. W. T. Hislop, wife of one of
the leading merchants of Astoria, is
spending a few days in Portland and
is registered at the Oregon.
D. H. Bomhoff, one of the leading
citizens of Woodburn, Is registered
at the Oregon.
Election of Pope.
MONMOUTH, Or., Jan. 28. (To the
Editor.) Please reply giving the pro
cedure that will follow by the sacred
college of cardinals in electing a pope
to succeed the late Pope Benedict XV.
STUDENT.
The pope Is elected by the cardi
nals, of whom there are 60. The con
clave is set for February 2. No car
dinal may leave until a pope has
been elected, but delayed cardinals
may be admitted. A two-thirds vote
is required to elect. The cardinals
usually choose one of their own num
ber, but this is not obligatory. Elec
tion is by ballot. ,
SEARCH FOR 17 CE.XTS IS VAIN f
Visiting Grata Merrhant Can't Find
Fat Profit for Local Wheat Buyers.
PORTLAND. Or,. Jan. 28. (To the '
Editor.) I have read with much in
terest the most forceful and intelli
gent letter of Judge A. S. Bennett
I. am not directly concerned in the
controversy, as I am general manager
of the Chesapeake Export company of
New York and only here on a visit.
My company exported about 40"per
cent of all the wheat which moved
through the port of New Orleans dur
ing the last crop year and about 35
per cent of all the wheat exported
through the port of Galveston. You
will, therefore, admit that I have
ground to contend that I know some
thing about the grain export busi
ness. It Is really pitiful to see papers like
the Baker Herald discuss matters and
raise accusations based on figures
which they refolly do not know any
thing about. I contend and am ready
to prove that, outside of perhaps
the big packing houses, there Is no
trade in the world which is being
worked on' such an inflnitesimally
small margin per unit and per cent
as the grain export business. I am
also ready to furnish the proof
that on January 26, and for weeks
prior to that date, the Oregon farmer
was bid fully 4 to 5 cents per bushel
more than wheat could be sold for
In the Liverpool or any other In
ternational market. I will be glad to
furnish you with the proof showing
that Argentine wheat, testing 64
pounds to the Imperial bushel, was
offered during the earlier part of this
week In Liverpool at a price equiva
lent to 81.03 per bushel f. o. b. steamer
Portland or Seattle, whereas the same
day the bid price on the exchanges
In Seattle and Portland was at least
$1.10 for wheat of not fully the same
quality.
Today, at this writing. No. 2 hard
winter wliea' is offered at 4 centa
over the Chicago May option, or
$1.20 f. o. b. vessel Galveston or
New Orleans, to which has been added
15 cents per hundredweight or 9 cents
per bushel ocean rate to any conti
nental or United Kingdom port, plus
2 per cent to guarantee final weight,
insurance, etc., making price of $1.32
per bushel c 1. f. continental Euro
pean port.
In order to bring this price back
to a parity with Portland, you have
to deduct 35 shillings, present ocean
rate from Portland to European port,
at rate of 19 cents a bushel. Fur
thermore, you have to deduct 2 per
cent for commission, out-turn and in
surance, as the ocean Insurance from
Pacific coast is almost twice as high
as from gulf or Atlantic ports, mak
ing the price $1.09 f. o. b. Portland in
bulk.
The charges to put grain on board
steamer In Portland are roughly 2
cents per bushel, therefore the price
bid in Portland and Seattle for wheat
was, -as anyone can see for himself,
much higher than the world's value
for middle western wheat exported
via New Orleans and Galveston.
In fact. It has been Impossible for
any exporter in the. last four or five
weeks to sell to Europe wheat on the
basis of the bid prices of the ex
changes In Seattle and Portland, ex
cept he lost severar cents per bushel.
Therefore, how one can construe that
the Oregon farmer Is getting the
worst end of the game Is beyond me.
I believe. If a state investigation
would take the pains to look at the
books of any of the Puget sound or
Portland v exporters, they would be
astonished to find that the sales made
in the last few weeks show a clean
loss for each and every transaction,
both based on the wheat purchased
prior to the sale made and bought
on the basis of the bid prices pub
lished dally by the exchanges in
Portland and Seattle.
The figures furnished your publi
cation by an exporter on one specific
transaction bear out what I say, to
wit: that the bid price in the country
was only 1 cent per bushel below
the price obtained abroad, and con
sidering the huge overhead of the
grain export business, the transaction
shows a loss to the exporter.
Anybody who can show me not 17
cents, not 7 cents, only 2 or 3 cents
per bushel profit between present
European values and bid prices in
Portland or Seattle can get a big
position with us.
ERNEST REINER.
General Manager Chesapeake Ex
port Company, New York City.
J CRY SERVICE FOR IXEMI'I.OYKD
Writer Suggest Selection from Those
Who Are In Need of Work.
PORTLAND, Jan. 28. (To the Edi
tor.) In one newspaper, the state
ment was made, In regard to women
serving on the jury, that "women are
busy as well as men" and gave ex
cuses why they could not serve.
The papers have been appealing to
the public to give work to the unem
ployed, and cartoons have been pub
lished show'ng what jobs would mean
to families where little children are
cold and hungry.
Why are the jurors not selected
from the 'mass of unemployed who
climb the steps in vain, at the em
ployment bureau? A large majority
ct these men are sufficiently Intelli
gent to serve, and the money they
could make would be a Godsend. I
am surprised that tney would take
women from their housework and
their children women whose hus
bands hold positions when other
families are going hungry.
I also know of a case where a man
drawing a large salary in a prominent
position, was taken from his work to
serve on the jury.
This does not seem consistent with
the spirit of the times, and something
should be done, it would teem, to do
what little can be done for the unem
ployed. M. A IL
The method of selecting Juries Is,
fixed by law and could not be changed
to benefit a specific group of citizens
without an enactment by the legisla
ture and the legislature will not be In
session until January, 1923. The
spirit of both constitution and law Is
that jury service Is a duty rather
than a privilege. In Multnomah county
the jury list contains 2000 names se
lected from the voters' registration
list. Jurors are drawn by lot from
this list. The constitution provides
also that they shall be the most com
petent of the permanent citizens of
the county.
Wlreleas Coae and Instruction.
PORTLAND, Jan. 28. (To the Edi
tor.) Please state the present na
tional wireless code in full, also the
price of a wireless that can be set up
in one s back yara. n.. r..
The code Is contained In the "Boy
Scout's Handbook" and In numerous
other publications Including "Wire-
ess Experimentals Manual" by Elmer
E. Bucher published by The Wireless
Press of ' New York city. This latter
book also gives Instructions for put
ting up a wireless outfit. It might
be secured at local book stores or may.
be secured by sending direct to pub
lishers. The Q. S. T. and the Wire
less Age are two good magazines on
Wireless subjects. The radio depart
nent at ths Y. M. C. A. will be glad
to give you the code and any other In
formation you wish on this subject.
A receiving set can be put up for
from $2G to $75, If you do the work
yourself. One sufficient to handle
messages within a radius of 1000 miles
all! cost from $50 to $75. A sending
apparatus costs mors.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montague.
A PROTECTED INDUSTRY.
In dear Paris, years ago.
When managers produced a show.
And carping scribes
Penned diatribes
Upon ths leading actors.
The actors, as In duty bound.
Next morning sent their cards around.
And asked the right
To meet and fight
Their cynical detractors.
Today an actor cannot start
A duel to defend his art.
Although the raps
Of critic chnps
Arouse his savage dander.
He's not permitted to run through
The writer of a harsh review.
But may assuage
His righteous rage
By bringing suit for slander.
In consequence the critics' stuff
In Paris is becoming rough.
Full well they wot
They can't be shot
For setting mean or funny.
And, IPThe actor should resort
For satisfaction to a court.
It will not fright
The men who write
They haven't any money!
e e
A C.ood Opeaer.
Evidently Kill Wedge thought his
name would g't him Into Harvard,
see
Difference of Method.
The Gorman have been buying
plots for consulates In this country.
The time Is past when they could
make plots here.
e
Dull Dog.
Little is to be said for the dog
which growled nt a movie villain
unless he came in too late to get a
look at the hero.
tCopyrlght by the BHI Syndicate. Tne
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright. llongfa ton-Mlf flln Co.
CAST YOU AXMVF.R THESE QUES
TIONS! 1. How do crabs propagate?
2. What is tho name of the spider
with black and yellow innrklnga,
fouml sometimes among goldenrod?
3. Please tell mo about the habits
of the albatross. '
Answers in tomorrow's nature
notes.
e e
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. Do fish have eyelids?
Not usually, though the eye Is pro
tected by a transparent layer of skin,
which is continuous with the skin cf
the body. Fish are thought to te
near-sighted usually, with not very
precise vision, though some species
have good vision.
see
2. How do oysters stick to their
support?
They don't stick. In the sense that
they have of themselves any adhesive
powers. The Bhells are fairly heavy
and tend to keep to the bottom any
way; but often they nre additionally
fastened down by adhesive threads
left on the shells by preying mus
sels, which do have glands that se
cretes "byssus threads." A mussel
throws out these fllnments as It pro
gresses, and hrenk away constantly
from them, throwing out new ones.
A cut showing byssus threads Is In
some unabridged dictionaries.
see
3. What can I feed a pet owl?
It will eat raw meat, but will bo
much benefited by having some food
more like its natuial catch of mice
and sparrows, etc. something wltli
bones In tho mass to be swallowed.
According to Beebe of the New York
Zoological society the digestion re
quires this typo of food, in order to
give the organs their usual work of
separating digestible parts from the
bones, skin, feathers, etc., that are
afterward regurgitated, or spit up.
In Other Days.
Ttventy-Flve Yrnra Ago.
From The prisgnnian of January SO, 1SP7.
Owing to the increased demands
i.pon the county board of charity due
in me severe weatner tne annual sub
scriptions should be enlarged.
A Southern Pacific train was held
up at Itoseburg. but the robbers used
too much dynamite on the safe and
t:ew up the car.
At 10 o'clock tonight the maple
floor of the Rambler rink will he
highly polished for dancing Immedi
ately after the skating.
Salem A counter movement to de
feat the organization of the house
was set on foot by the Mitchell fac
tion today.
Fifty 1 ears Aao.
From The Orreontan of January SO. 1S72.
Yesterday articles of incorporation
for the "Portland and Washington
County Plank Hoad company" were
filed in the office of the county clerk
and with tho secretary of state.
President Grant has appointed four
women sinre he has been In the
White House to the highest grade of
postofflces with salaries at $40U0 per
annum.
Two Baldwin passenger locomotives
have arrived In San Francisco and
will be shipped to Kalama by the f'rst
vessel that has space.
The new mall route from Portland
to Tiilamook will be opened today and
a mail will leave this city at 5 A. Jl.
Voting for President.
SILVERTON. Or., Jan. "8. (To the
Editor.) Is It right to say we vole
tor the president In his name and that
t'rere are electors to represent each
candidate, or that we vote for electors
to vote for the president? We thought
both meant the same.
Do they have to have the presi
dent's name on the ballot? II. K.
We vote for electors to vote for
president. Electors are only under a
moral obligation to vote for the con
vention nominee of their party. The
name of each candidate for president
appears on the ballot tn this state, but
In a place opposite the names of
e:ector. It is there merely as a
means of clearly identifying party
electors.
Lincoln's' Favorite Lines.
BEND. Or., Jan. 26. (To the Edi
tor.) Would It be asking too much
to request that you publish Lincoln's
favorite poem. "th why should the
spirit of mortal be proud?" by Will
iam Knox? E. D. G1LSON.
The line is from William Knox's
poem "Mortality" and is found in
Knox's "Songs of Israel." You can
probably obtain the loan of a volume
containing the complete poem by ap
plying to the state library, Salem, Or.
The verse that Lincoln was fond of
repeating follows:
Oh, why should the spirit of mortal b
proud ?
Like a fast-flitting meteor, a fust-f lylnit
cloud.
A flaah of the lishtnlns, a break of the
wave.
He pasaea from life to bis rest In the
grave.