10
TIIE MORNING OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1921
iftormmj (Drjrmnait
ISTAISMbIIF.D ll HENRY. L. P1TTOCK.
Pr.bllshii by The Oreg-ontan Publishing Co.
13& a.xlh St-eet, 1'orl.and. urexua.
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THE PEOPLE HATE NOT FORGOTTEN.
Corrlell Hull signalizes his elec
tion aa chairman of the democratic
national committee by making: a
speech abounding- in confidence of
democratic success at the next elec
tion and in promises of the great
things which his party will do if
given the opportunity. Much hard!
flood ana great presumption on
popular forgetfulness are requisite
that this tone be taken by the
ppokcsman of a party which was
driven from power by a BO per cent
plurality only a year ago.
When Mr. Hull tells what the
democratic party will do for the ex
service men and the farmers and to
reduce the public debt, he -invites
attention to what It neglected to do
when it had the power. After-war
reconstruction should have begun
when congress met in December,
1918; It did not begin in earnest
till April, 1921, when a republican
congress could work in harmony
wllh a republican presidents- His
intemperate charge of "criminal
malignity and reckless falsehood
Against republicans is made in face
of the well-proved facts as to delay
in war preparation after war was
on, and of graft and waste in con.
struetion of aircraft, ships and can
tonments. Is this what the new
chairman had in mind when he
swelled with pride over "the glory
of the eight years' unparalleled
achievement of the national de
mocracy"?
Tho rresent administration is ac
cused of breach of its promises to
the people, though its programme Is
ample to occupy its full four years
sina it has been in office less than
ten months. Its record is yet to be
made, but it has already given sub
stantial relief to both farmers and
aiHaniea ex-service men. Has re
stricted Immigration, has reduced
taxation, has established a budget
system, has cut expenditures more
than two billion below the total for
the fiscal year 1920 and througn the
Washington conference has done
great things to preserve peace and
to reduce armament. If the people
were dissatisfied with this record,
they would shrink from displacing;
its makers for the one reason that
the only alternative Is the party
which they drove out of office In
1920.
THEORY AND ritACTICE.
Seated comfortably in an arm
chair, with pencil and pad con
veniently at hand, almost any man
with a smattering of knowledge of
the theoretical productivity of the
soil may figure out for himself a
competence from a piece of land only
a fraction the size of the average
farm. The formula is simple. One
begins with the record, say, of a
prize acre of potatoes in Belgium,
which before the war was some 1400
bushels, by comparison with an
everage of less than 100 bushels in
the United States. From this he con
cludes that intensive agriculture is
the cure for all our ills and pro
ceeds to apply the principle to other
crops. In almost no time at all he
Is able to prove to his own satisfac
tion that farming1, "properly con
ducted," is the real road to wealth,
and that the possibilities of small
tracts even city lots fre unlimited.
No one except a theoretical chicken
raiser can beat the theoretical i
tensive agriculturist at calculator?
returns.
One Is reminded of this well
known penchant of a certain class
of theorists by the statement of Bol
ton Hall, an early advocate of vacant
lot gardens as a means of ameliorating-
the condition of the poor, that
"if the use of small plots of land
rear the cities is allowed to the poor
there wllbe no unemployable class.
Cripples, old women, children and
even drunkards can support them
selves with their own hands' if they
have the use of a little available
land." Mr, Hall, who Is by profession
a lawyer and by avocation a -well-meaning-
philanthropist, is known
also as a writer upon the topics near
est his heart. He Is the author of
"Three Acres and Liberty," pub
lished fourteen years ago, and of "A
little Land and a Living," issued a
year later. Both books were widely
read and helped to stimulate the
back-to-the-land movement, which
about that time was engaging- the
attention of many thoughtful and
benevolent persons, but which came
to naught.
The problem of rmemployment, of
people who lack food while there is
plenty of vacant accessible land, is
far more complicated than the little-land-and-a-llving-
brethren seem to
suppose. The movement to place
needy city people on farms, which
was at its height a little more than
a decade ago, was a failure, not be
cause land for the purpose was lack
ing, but because the human factor
had been ignored. The knowledge
of agriculture, which is the product
of the farmer's long experience, Is
not to be acquired in a season by
every tyro, as those who tried it
found out. It is p mistake to assume
that the land Is the principal part of
the farm. The man who works the
land is even more significant in the
scheme of production.
There would not be much harm,
perhaps, in fostering the notion that
even drunkards" can support them-
nelves with their own fcands if al
lowed the use of a little available
land," if it did not divert attention
from ottrtain more important facts,
one of which is that success in
farming is not so easily won as all
that and that every vocation worth
while requires study and prepara
tion. , If the back-yard garden could
abolish unemployment and poverty,
the thing would have been done
long ago.
THE GOVERNOR'S VETOES.
It is apparent from the text of'
Governor Olcott's veto message that
some of the bills disapproved would
have passed his scrutiny had they
been presented at a regular session.
In short, they were not objection
able as laws, were perhaps of some
value, but were not urgent. The
vetoes in those particulars were in
line with a policy which, we think
has public endorsement. The legis
lature when called In special session
ousht not to complicate its deliber
ations over emergency legislation
with consideration of laws that can
wait.
There was one measure which de
served the veto on its merits. It
was that bill which validated di
vorces obtained in violation of the
law fixing the residence require
ments of litigants. Divorce deserves
to be as open and public as mar
riage. It is the spirit of the law
that it shall be. He or she who
courts secrecy in divorce by suing
in a distant county, a county of
which neither is a resident, acts
against public policy and deserves
the consequences.
Though without definite informa
tion, we think the vetoed bill ex
empting bonus money and loans
from payment of debts previously
contracted by veterans had a better
intent than the freeing of soldiers
from ordinary and worthy obliga
tions. It was doubtless intended to
frustrate those who 'are profiteering
from immediate needs of veterans
by advancing money on bonus
claims at heavy discount or unload
ing questionable property on them.
But intent and effect are two dif- J
ferent things. The governor is
doubtless right in his opinion that
no service man would want a law
which relieved him from indebted
ness in which he had not been vie
tlmlzed. The act was broad enough
to include the latter and was likely
unconstitutional. But it is a matter
of regret that some means could not
be found of protecting beneficiaries
of the bonus law from money shav
ers and unscrupulous land specu
lators.
chief of engineers. Dredging now
consists mainly of doing again the
work of cutting away shoals where
the same work was done the pre
vious year, and there is always a
race to get the dredges in operation
soon enough to maintain the estab
lished depth of thirty feet as the
annual freshet falls. As dikes
shouts dispense with this repetition
of work on a long stretch of the
river, dredges would be released not
only to regain the full depth in the
remainder of the channel but to
gain additional depth and width
throughout its length. The present
depth would be more surely main
tained, "and a good beginning could
be made in 1922 on the 32-foot
channel BOO feet wide which has
been submitted to the chief of en
gineers for approval.
By this plan the annual expendi
ture on dredging for maintenance
could gradually be reduced to a
minimum, which would be a de
cided measure of economy, and oc
casional delay of vessels would be
obviated. The dredging plant could
then be concentrated more each
year on increase in depth and width;
which will be necessary as the vol
ume of commerce grows and as
larger ships come to the Columbia
river.
ANOTHER RECIPE FOR KEEPING
YOUNG.
John H. Patterson, president of
a nationally known corporation, was
7 7 years old the other day, and
made the anniversary the occasion
for sending to his employes a mes
sage in the course of which he said:
"Keep young by associating with
young things. The newspapers are
the youngest born every TJay."
What Mr. Patterson means, of
course, is that Interest in the cur
rent affairs of life tends to keep one
in touch with the present and the
future, which are what we are living
In and for, in contrast with the past,
which, unless we connect it with the
living present, is dead. He would
not ignore, we think, the lessons to
be derived from that which has
gone before, but he realizes the ex
tent to which the past is as water
gone over the wheel. Only its use
ful experiences are to be dwelt on,
the rest is to be cast aside. There is
plenty to be done both here and now
to engage the attention of any man.
Youth is the age of optimism be
cause youth is little inclined toward
introspection a fact of importance
to all who would keep young. We
still remember the period when' age
was regarded as a thing apart, when
it wore a uniform, as it were, of
sombre hue and comported itself
Ith solemn mien, as if the years
counted so long as the spirit was
young. But men, from having age
thrust upon them, as they used to
do, have grown to think that a man
Is after all no older than he feels, as
the old song has it, and that the
feeling of decrepitude can be indefi
nitely staved off by keeping youth
constantly in mind.
It is a fact of interest in this con
nection that children left to their
own devices choose their compan
ions, not in accordance with their
physical ages but by some process
of inner consciousness which unerr-
ngly discovers the true compatabili-
ties of the mind. As men approach
the so-called shady side of life. Is it
not plausible that the method can
with profit be reversed? It is the
duty of the elders to themselves to
surround themselves, as Mr. Pat
terson says, "with young things,"
hich include young people and
current affairs and .all that go to
make up the cheerful viewpoint,
wWeh is the universal attribute of
youth.
FIND TIIE VENDOR.
The stamping out of the traffic In
illicit narcotic drugs, which is be
ginning to engage the attention of
city and state officials, as well as
those who are acting for the federal
government in enforcing the Harri
son law, may not be entirely com
prehended in the discovery and pun
ishment of the sellers of those
drugs, but more than half of it is.
The underground connections which
they have established and the ma
chinery which has been constructed
for the procurement of narcotics,
which originate in this country but
are chiefly relmported from foreign
lands, are far too complicated to be
the work of novices, and if they
could be destroyed they would not
be rebuilt with ease. It Is probable
that the conviction of a compara
tively small number of men, if it
were followed promptly by long
terms hi prison, would effect the
cleaning up which is so much to be
desired.
It is certain, however, that not a
great deal can be done unless severe
sentences are imposed. The drug
vendor is by nature a man who does
not care much as to the obloquy
involved, while to fine him would
be only to take a portion of his
relatively enormous (ofits for the
state and in effect would constitute
a license which he could well afford
to pay.
There is a small measure of ex
cuse for the drug peddler who ia
himself a victim of the habit, be
cause he Is suffering from an af
fliction which renders him morally
irresponsible, but the leaders of the
rings are not as a rule habitues and
for them there are no palliating cir
cumstances. They deliberately pan
dor to depraved tastes, they do not
hesitate to create new victims for
their own profit, and they are lack
ing in the commonest instincts of
humanity because they stand in the
way of those who would help and
cure. A long term In prison at hard
labor ought to be imposed on every
one caught.
PERMANENT CnANNEL IMPROVE
MENT.
With a total of only $13,000,000
presided in the national budget for
all river and harbor improvement,
the sum to be expended on any one
project will be decidedly limited.
Those communities which match
government money with their own
are likely to get first consideration.
As the Port of Portland has for
many years done its full part in
Improving and maintaining the Wil
lamette and Columbia river channel,
it will no doubt have consideration,
but vigilance on the part of the
Oregon delegation will be advisable
In order that the full amount justi
fied by the needs of the project and
of the port's growing commerce
may be allotted. At that, care will
be needed to insure that the best re
sults be obtained with the sum
available.
, The engineers of both the govern
ment and the port seem agreed that
this can best be accomplished by
constructing dikes at the bars, that
the main current may be confined
to the channel and may scour it.
A good beginning, has been made on
this plan at several points, and the
port has just completer! a dike at
the mouth of the Willamette, while
the government has done likewise at
Harrington point. The port commis
sion has now proposed that the dik
ing system De extended the whole
distance to St. Helens, offering to
do the work at Morgan's bar and to
dredge there to a width of 600 feet
provided the government will com
plete the dikes at Willows and Hen
rici bars, the latter work being ac
cepted as equivalent to the dredging
which the government owes the port
under their co-operative agreement.
The advantages of such an agree
ment are so plain that it is to be
hoped that it will have the approval
of the district engineer and the
NOT ONLY CHINA AND JAPAN'S
AFFAIR.
Interest in the Washington con
ference has been absorbed by the
negotiations to reduce navies to the
neglect of the negotiations between
China and Japan, which are a con
ference within the main conference.
Though Secretary of State Hughes
and A. J. Balfour take part as repre
senting nations which are friends of
both parties In order to help them in
reaching an agreement, this confer
ence acts as if it were an- affair of
the two oriental nations only. Y-et
the questions at issue bear directly
on the Root resolutions adopted by
ail of the nine powers in the far east
conference. Upon the arrangements
made between Japan and China we
must rely mainly for practical ap
plication of the principles laid down
In the Root resolutions, for the most
serious Infractions of those prin
ciples result from the present rela
tions between them.
While the conference has made
great progress toward complete res
toration of Shantung to China, Japan
refuses to consider annulment or re
vision of the treaty of 1915, which,
if it were put in full operation, would
reduce China to a state of vassalage
and would start a process of Japan
ese penetration which would before
many years establish complete Jap
anese domination. China maintains
that the treaty is void, having been
signed under duress, and that it de
ttroys independence and integrity, to
which Japan, together with the other
powers, is pledged. Japan insists
that the treaty is valid and in full
force, while indicating readiness at
some future time to confer on con
cessions from its terms.
Sympathy of the other powers is
without doubt wholly with China, for
their interest lies that way. But
Great Britain and France cannot
consistently condemn Japan for ex
torting the treaty of 1915 from the
Celestials. All the territory and con
cessions that they had taken from
China had been obtained in the same
way. The differences were that their
worst aggressions had been commit
ted many years ago. and had been
accepted by China and all other na
tions as accomplished facts, and that
their encroachments on Chinese sov
ereignty had not been carried so far
as those of Japan. By questioning
Japan's title they would cast a cloud
on their own. Among the five great
powers, the United States and Italy
have not taken anything from China
and are free to insist that all actron
the principles to which all have sub
scribed, hut Italy has little interest
In the matter, so that it is left to the
United States alone to champion a
nation that cannot help itself.
Realizing that they must do some
thing to prove their sincerity and to
establish a moral claim on-Japan to
withdraw its tentacles. Great Britain
and France seem to have set a time
since which all spoils taken from
China must be restored. Seeking a
common ground on which Japan
could return Shantung and they
could make similar restitution, they
seem to have fixed the year 1898,
for then Germany took Shantung,
wnicn Japan took )n the war. Ac
cordingly Great Britain offered to
give up Wei-Hai-Wei and France to
give up Kwangchau-Wan. But Great
Britain also took Kowloon in 1898
and wants to hold it as necessary to
defense of Hongkong, and Russia
took Manchuria, to the southern half
of whichJTapan succeeded by defeat
ing Russia, and Japan would not
give that up, so there are large ex
ceptions to 1898 as the time limit.
The solid ground on which all the
powers can attack the treaty of 1915
is that it requires China to discrim
inate in favor of Japan as against
any other nation in many matters
affecting development, trade and
foreign policy; that it secures to
Japan strategic points in China from
which territory of other powers
could be threatened; and that it
gives Japan rights to Interfere with
the government of China to a degree
attempted by no other power, de
structive of Chinese independence
and tending to make China a huge
Japanese province. Foreign spheres
of influence weaken Chinese sover
eignty, but Japan would include all
of China in its sphere and would ex
tend its influence into the field of
government as distinguished from
the commercial and industrial pur
poses of the older spheres. Japan's
Kuropean allies may fairly condemn
the treaty of 1915 on the ground
that, while the war prevented them
from defending China or even enter
ing a protest, Japan took advantage
of that fact to adjust to its own
profit and to the Injury of its allies
matters in which all had a vital in
terest. China was bound by the treaty In
effect to hand over all Gerrnan rights
in Shantung to Japan, to lease no
part of that province to any third
power, to use Japanese capital in
building railroads there and to open
Shantung ports to foreign trade,
,'but the Japanese minister must be
'consulted before making a decision."
Japan is given a 'ninety-nine-year
extension of the leases of Port
Arthur, Dalny and the Manchurlan
railroads. Japanese subjects may
lease or buy land for trade, manu
facture or agriculture, may reside.
travel and engage in business there,
They need observe only such police
laws and tax regulations as are ap
proved by the Japanese consul, and
civil and criminal suits h) which
they are defendants are tried by him.
Capital to build railroads in eastern
inner Mongolia must be sought from
Japan before an third power is
asked for a loan. Ports in that prov
ince are to be opened to foreign
trade, but the Japanese minister
must be consulted first. Japan Is
given a grip on tho great Hanyehp
lng iron works which would make
them a Japanese enterprise. China
Is tied up tight against American or
Kuropean influence by this stipula
tion:
No part of China'a roast, bays, harbors
or inlands shall bo ceded or leaked to an
other power.
The final twenty-one demands in
cluded group V, but they were with
drawn for further discussion. They
originally required that half the Chi
nese police should be Japanese, that
China should buy half its arms from
Japan; but they were toned down.
They finally excluded any foreign
power from construction of dock
yards,' coaling stations, naval bases
or other military Installations in Fu
kien province, opposite Formosa and
fiear the Philippines, and bound
China not to use foreign capital for
those purposes. China must also
"engage numerous Japanese advis
ers." permit Japanese subjects to
lease or 'purchase land in the in
terior for schools or hospitals, and
send military officers toJapan to ne
gotiate for purchase of arms. They
also gave Japan the prior right to
finance certain railroads in the
Yang-tse valley if no other power
Objects, and they bind China not to
grant any other power, the right to
finance other railroads in that region
before Japan comes to an under
standing with that power!
Undr this treaty Japan has China
sewed up tight, and, if other powers
should relax their vigilance, might
revive the group V demands, add
new ones and sew up the helpless
nation tighter. The treaty is so sub
versive of Chinese independence and
so opposed to the open door prin
ciple and was imposed on China un
der circumstances so discreditable to
Japan that it is a matter of the
gravest concern to the United States
and all the powers represented at
Washington. ' Plainly on the defen
sive, Japan accepts the principles on
which the other powers agree and
consents to their application when
brought to the point, but yields only
grudgingly, inch by' inch. China
should not be left to struggle alone;
all the powers should back it in the
demand that the treaty of 1915 be
declared void and be replaced by a
new compact in which Japan will be
given no advantage over any other
nation and China will be free to run
its own affairs, with full liberty to
choose foreign advisers and use for
eign capital of any nationality.
BT-FBODICTS OF THE PRESS
IimectV Board BUI Ia One-Tenth Na
tion's Produce.
Insects are costing the people of the
United States $1,100,000,000 a year
through their Inroads on fruits,
grains and vegetables, according to
Capper's Weekly.
Here's the official list of these ma
rauders and the annual board bill of
each:
jsn.noo.noo
60.ooo.eno
4fl.ooo.ono
i.. 20.000.000
20.000,000
12.00 0"0
8.0410 IVW
20.0on.ooo
1O.0O0 000
s.ooo ooo
13.0O0.000
5.000.01(0
IO.OUO.000
by these pestt
amounts roundly to one-tenth of the
total farm produce of the United
States.
Oraashoppers
Chinch bugs
Hessian fliea
Corn rootworms ......
Cotton boll weevils....
Cotton boil worms....
Cotton leaf worms....
Apple coddling moths.
Grain weevils
Potato bui?n
Army worms
Cabbaa worms .....
San Jose scales
The total eaten
One Importance of Newfoundland
Is its geographical position, relates
World's Work. St. Johns, the chief
port and capital of the country, is
1000 miles nearer to England than is
New York; In fact, it is only 1460
miles from the coast of Ireland, so
greatly does the Atlantic shrink off
the coast of Newfoundland.
That is why this unique country
has had the distinction of receiving
the first trans-Atlantic wireless mes
sage at St. Johns in 1901, and also
why the first non-stop trans-At-lantio
airplane flight started from
the same vicinity.
The Cape Race light is the first
greeting from America to ships on
the northern route from Europe, and
it Is the last to flash Godspeed to
eastbound vessels.
Newfoundland ,is verily the step
ping 'stone between America and
Europe.
Those- Who Come and Go.
Tales of Folks at the Hotel.
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright, HoiiKhtOB-XUfJIln Co.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Moatsgae,
Tank cars for oil are a common
sight, but tank cars for milk are
something distinctly new. The first
installation of this kind was made
recently for a large dairy in ritts
burg, says Popular Mechanics. Two
2500-gallon steel tanks are mounted
on each car. These tanks are of.
heavy welded plate steel with a glass
lining, and are insulated with cork.
Fused Into the metal at extreme heat,
tho glass forms a smooth surface,
which is easily cleaned and will
stand severe usage. Inside each tank
Is a motor-driven agitator. Run for
five minutes before emptying the
tank, it gives uniformity to the con
tents. Milk, chilled to a temperature of
38 to 40 degrees, is maintained at
that temperature in tho tanks with
out further refrigeration. Similar
tanks are mounted on wagons and
motor trucks for hauling the milk
from the railroad to the dairy or col
lecting it along country roads.
"It is remarkable," said Mr. Grum
bler in the Winnipeg Tribune, "how
mean some people are. I had with
me on a fishing trip two friends who
evidently were familiar with my
reputation as an angler!"
"Yes; yes; we all know your repu
tation as an angler!" remarked his
friend non-commlttally.
"Before starting, one of them made
the suggestion," continued Mr. Grum
bler, "that the first man to catch a
fish should stand treat to the rest."
"Well," inquired the friend, "what
happened?"
"I assented to the plan, and we
started. Now, both of those two fel
lows had a bite, but were too mean
to pull them up!"
"Then I suppose you lost?" re
marked the friend.
"Oh, no!" replied Mr. Grumbler. "I
didn't have any bait on my hook!"
We guess our British cousins are
not altogether Incapable of a quip
once in a while, says the Kansas City
Star. A want ad in a London daily:
"Wanted Ten' thousands loathsome
black beetles, by a tenant who agreed
to leave premises In the same condi
tion in which he found them.
You may wrap a hen's feet up In
rags till they are as clumsy as drum
sticks and still she will scratch.' even
though she doesn't get a worm in
fortnight. Something here for you
and me. Let's keep digging in. Worm
Is down there somewhere. We'll get
It if we keep digging. Farm Life
An Alabama court holds that an
anti-betting law passed by the leg-
islature is unconstitutional. Prob
ably the same court would hold that
prohibition ia against public policy
The earth's axis is said to have
shifted sixty feet, but the man going
home late with a list to "wlnd'ard'
cannot claim that as a reason.
The old-time sign restored of
Twenty pounds lor a dollar, gets a
groan from the man who has to
"pack" home the bargains.
Old-style furniture is said to be
coming back, though we can't recall
that any valuable use has yet been
found for beer pumps. .
Ellen Terry begs to be excused
from accepting a new British honor.
She has a higher than can be con
ferred by government.
The director of a California ob
servatory says there is no life on
Venus. As nobody is going there, it
does not matter.
The street railway company in
Denver has been granted an 8-cent
fare, which makes the fare match
the altitude.
It's about time for somebody to
set the precedent of making a New
Year's resolution and actually keep
ing it.
It would be a wonderful Incoming
vessel that did not have something
to be confiscated.
"Swearing off" need not be
Ited to the use of liquor.
liin-
such titles over
Did it ever occur to these alienlst4
to examine one another?
The Hearst tentacles have reached
across the bay.
Governor
Illinois.
Small . certainly knew
The death of Lacey Baker, for
many years organist of New York
churches, recalls a story told of hia
off-hand ways in the New York Post
The bishop of Central New York
visited his church one Sunday, and
Baker, English to the core, addressed
him as "My Lord," until the Ameri
can (relate expostulated
"We don t use
here." he explained.
"But what shill I call you?" In
quired Baker.
"Call me anything you like," and
the bishop went about the duties of
the day. When he met the organist
before the evening service he was
greeted:
"Hello, Central!"
What the bishop said In reply Baker
never told.
The Argentine counterpart of our
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals has protested to the motion-picture
houses of Buenos Aires
against the showing of films depict
ing the bloody progress of the bull
fight. These are more popular than
are prizefight pictures here, but there
is no doubt that they show most har
rowingly the torture of bulls and
horses. New York Evening Post.
A little boy had been carefully
coached by his parents to give up
his seat to a woman, relates the New
York Globe. He was In the subway
with his father the other lay when a
woman got in, and he promptly of
fered his seat. His father took him
on his knee.
The train stopped again and an
other pretty woman entered. Again
the boy rose to his feet, and with a
polite bow motioned her to the vacant
knee.
a
Statisticians who undertake to tell
how much money is "lost" Whenever
the country takes a holiday forget
that days of healthful recreation and
days devoted to consecration to high
purpose bring blessings whose eum
total cannot be revealed by an add
ing machine Boston Transcript.-
Near-Happlnras Held Possible,
Thomas Jefferson.
Perfect happiness, I believe, wasl
never intended by the Deity to be the
lot of one of his creatures in this
world, but that he has very much put
in our power the nearness of our ap
proaches to it. Is what I have stead
fastly believed.
To fight for one's country and re
turn borne wounded, only to find that
food is so scarce that one-eighth of
a pound of brown bread "had to do
for two days, horse meat was a lux
ury and sugar a rare commodity, was
the experience" of John Youshkoff, one
of the musicians with the Russian
Opera company at the Multnomah.
The forests of the great northwest
and the stacks of firewood in front
of homes in Portland look good to
these natives of Russia, where fire
wood had to be carefully kept hidden
for emergencies and in many homes
where fires were needed someone had
to go out arid steal wood. Not only
did the bolsbiviki take away the
property from the Russians, but. as
Mr. Youshkoff was leaving the the
ater one night four of them stopped
him and took his overcoat. From
Russia Mr. Youshkoff escaned to
Cnina, thence went to Japan, where he
lived two years, studying the customs,
the language and the ashions. While
many of the customs of the Japanese
are pleasing, there are others which
shock the sensibilities of the white
race. After the Javanese husband
has finished his meal, observed Mr.
Youshkoff. the wife will eat if there
I Is anything left. Mr. Y'oushkoff says
that a Japanese wife would not do for
him, as the women spend too much
time around charcoal firea trying to
keep warm. Although having been In
America only two weeks, the Russian
musician can make himself understood
fairly well.
After being pals for many years on
the Chicago & Northwestern railroad
and with a record of continuous em
ployment on one road for half a cen
tury, W. A. Merkelee and II. G. Ebblts
are touring the northwest together
and have stopped over in Portland
to visit M. M. Clancy, conductor on
the O.-W. R. & N. railroad. For 21
j ears .air. .werkeiee operated the same
train, traveling over 4500 miles a
month, while Engineer F.bbits ran
opposite him for 22 years. One of the
peculiar accidents in railroading hap
pened to Engineer Merkelee while
driving an engine on fast schedule.
As they passed a freight train going
In the opposite direction, the brake on
one of the freight cars broke and
flew up through the cab window,
striking Merkelee on the arm and
fracturing the bone. Mr. Merkelee
states that he has one more year to
his credit than his pal, having been
In continuous service for 51 years.
After having carried millions of peo
ple back and forth from Chicago, they
feel that they are entitled to a long
rest. As time is no longer an object
with them, they will spend several
weeks in v California; The veterau
railroaders are at the Multnomah
When P. J. Stadelnian. mayor of The
Dalles, writes his autobiography one
of the thrillins- chapters will cover
tne nig Chinese war which occurred
in The Dalles a few months ago, dur
ing which the chief of police was
shot. The town was filled with tong-
men, an memhers of the one outfit
nu setting an idea that they were
about to be attacked by a white man
engagea ty a rival tong, they cut
loose with revolvers and rifles when
watchman accosted onn of their
looKouts. The mayor h mself rook an
active part in ciuellinir the disturb
ance. Just before the shooting started
a special officer was showing his
shootin' iron to another officer and,
patting the revolver affectionately,
said: "When iretsy speaks, something
happens." Just then the Chinese
opened a fusillade and the owner of
Betsy disappeared in the gloom.
R. F. Pauler, of the storm belt of
Umatilla county, is in the city. Mr.
Pauler is from the town of Umatilla,
which has been projected into unex
pected prominence through the con
troversy over the talked-of Wallula
cut-off The cut-off would leave the
Columbia river highway at Umatilla
and run along the river to the Wash
ington state line. This cut-off played
a part out of all proportion to its importance-
In the special session of the
legislature WJth respect to the 1925
exposition legislation.
Brighton. Or., is somewhat quiet
this winter and the main topic there
is he prospect of building a highway
which will.connect the sawmill town
with the beach resorts to the south.
A start has been made and some
sluicing hag been done, but the road
Is a long ways from being anywhere
near finished. E. Hosteland of Bright
on is among the arrivals at the Hotel
Oregon.
Qeorge Wilbur ia in town from
Hood River to attend the state exec
utive committee meeting of the Amer
ican Legion. Before going to war
Mr. Wilbur was a member of the leg
islature from Hood River and Wasco
counties. There is some talk of his
being In the primaries as a candidate
for the legislature in May.
L. S. Hill, former owner of the
Brown Lumber company, at Cottage
Grove, and now part of Hill : Mor
ton, wholesale lumber brokers of San
Francisco, is in Portland. .Mr. Hill
was injured In an automobile acci
dent in California several months ago
and is still navigating on crutches.
Taking rough sawed lumber and
remanufacturing it In transit, is what
Fred Wallace, sawmill man of Eugene,
is doing. He isiow considering the
practicability of buying slabs and
turning them into broom sticks. Mr.
Walters is developing quite an in
dustry In remanufacturing.
A. R. Brashear of Rogue River Is
registered at the Hotel Oregon. One
of the most beautiful of the concrete
bridges on the Pacific highway spans
the Rogue near that town.
W. "E. Schimpff, formerly a mem
ber of the legislature from Clatsop
county, but now more interested in
cranberries than politics, is at tho
Multnomah.
Lawrence T. Harris and George H.
Burnett, members of the Oregon su
preme court, are registered at the
Imperial.
Coat of t ommunltr Chest.
HOOD RIVER. Or.. Dec. 28. (To
the Editor.) 1. In sending the New
Year Oregonian as a gift to eastern
friends do you put a slip on It marked
"Compliments of Mr. ?"
2. Who was head of the last
community chest drive in Portland?
3. What compensation was paid
the head managers and solicitors for
handling same? READER.
1. Papers carrying the label indi
cated cannot go by pound rate but
must have stamp on them. The label
is therefore not provided by this
office.
2. Mayor Baker.
3. The mayor and board of direc
tors in charge of the drive received
no compensation, rne nead solicitor
was paid $500 a month for a short
time. The entire organization ex
pense, including this salary, amounted
to but 15059.41. At the present time
the chest has an organization similar
to any business with a paid manager.
Hugh Herdman, and conducts an
office. The expense of conducting
this organization, .including the cost
of collections and bookkeeping,
amounted to nine-tenths of one per
cent of the total collections of about
$600,000 for the first ten months of
operation, or about $510 a month.
Can You f Answer These Questional THE END OF TIIE VEAIU
1. Do slate-colored Juncoes have a In other days, when other yeara
Juvenal plumage, and if so, what Is it
like?
2. How are salmon kippered?
3. Can you Identify a caterpillar
one Inch long, with a green band
about the body, with brown spots, cir
cled with white; three white spots on
head, two hairy uprights on head and
tail, six hairy brushes on sides, seems
to cling to Uaf with yellow sucking
footpads?
Answers in tomorrow's Nature Notes.
s
Answers to Previous Questions.
1. Does the alligator use a nest?
Yes, the female selects a sunny spot
near the "hole" where she lives, gen
erally. If she lives in a ver wet
swamp, she may have to travel a little
to find a good place for the nest. The
latter is a mass, sometimes rounded
and sometimes conical, of grass and
rank vegetation of tho locality. It is
gathered rather slowly, and by the
time the'eggs are laid, is settled to
gether in a damp, decaying mass. The
eegs are buried within the mound.
2. Is there any way to exterminate
chub from a river without destroying
the other fishes?
Getting rid of any one species where
several live, is almost Impossible, as
poison bait that would kill one would
probably kill any that nibbled. We
have heard of trapping, using traps
that would admit only fish of the
size intended to kill, but do not know
that this Is practicable. Possibly ex
tensive use of a weir or net. from
which Intended victims were taken,
and other sorts allowed to csrnpe,
might reduce the objectionable fishes,
a a
3. To whom can T appeal for pro
tection of dove? Aren't they abso
lutely harmless?
This conies from Mississippi. Farm
ess' bulletin 1138. with game laws
for 1920. gives doves. as protected by
law except for an open season be
tween October 16 and January 31. If
the wild bird Is meant, report unlaw
ful killing to the game warden. If
domestic, that Is 'a personal matter
to be arranged with neighbors as cir
cumstances allow. Wild dove are
valuable as weed seed eaters, and take
only a small percentage of cultivated
grain.
WILSON'S FIIKM)S S ATISKI1.I)
They Are Willing; to Leave Ills ne
to Verdlel of Mankind.
rORVAf.r.IS. Or., Pec 29. (To the
Editor.) I noticed in The Oreaoninn
a letter from Mr. Watkins of Marsh-
field regarding the Tumulty letters.
Permit me to say that ahusc Is no
argument and is unbecoming to a gen
tleman, so I am not permitted to in
dulge. If you covet honor you will not get
it by serving an unworthy cause. If
you covet distinction you will get it
only by serving mankind. You will
never attain either by using scurri
lous language about snrh world-renowned
men as Woodrow Wilson.
AH friends of Mr. Wilson are satisfied
t' leave his case to the verdict of
mankind.
It is gratifying to observe that the
present administration, after de
nouncing some of the great reforms
which Mr. Wilson so earnestly advo
cated, should have such a great
change of heart and expend so much
energy to bring them to a successful
consummation.
All good men have had their tra
ducers. even to Christ, who was sent
to bring peace on earth, good will
among men.
He was betrayed, persecuted and
crucified. Woodrow Wilson dedlrated
his life's work to the same cause and
met the same fate.
J. II ALEXANDER.
Society of Colonial Dames.
SALEM. Or.. Dec. 29. (To the Edi
tor.) Please tell me if the "Society
of Colonial Dames" is exclusively a
national order or Is it s-ubdlvidcd
into local societies, as the Daughters
of the American Revolution?
Please give the address of 'the
national Society of Colonial Dames.
"SOUTHEKX."
Up to the present there has been
no branch of the Colonial Dames In
Oregon, but Mrs. J. R. Montgomery
of 825 Hawthorne avenue, Portland,
has Just been appointed state organ
izer and head of the Colonial Panns
of Oregon and she Is planning to
proceed at once to found a chapter
here. If you will communicate with
l)tr she will be glad to give you all
the Information you may wish.
Were drawing to a close.
We Joined tho general. Joyous cheers
That on the midnight rose.
"A year has sor.e; that makes a score
We've left behind." we said.
Eut what of that'.' There's plenty
more
Ahead.
"There's life to live and sights to see
And fortunes to be made;
Bring on the years that are to re.
And let the old ones fade!
We'll look on newer, brighter scenes.
And. while youth has its fling.
Why wonder what the future means
To bring?
A host of days has come and gone,
Like soldiers in review.
And still the same parade moves on
A little taster, too.
The years of our allotted .span
Jn turn go swinging past,
Eaeh yeur a triflo briefer than
The last.
And now the shouting leaves us cold.
And we forbear to cheer;
We're not so eager ss of old
To greet the glad New Year.
The years that held our hopes of yora
Have paused a while and fled,
And there are nut as many more
Ahead !
a
The Kxplnnntlon.
Tho concressman who Introduced a
hill banning beauty contests is prob
ably afraid that his official duties
will be interrupted by the nece.-oiiy of
continually taking part in them.
Highly Profitable.
California has made a remarkable
silt'cewR of the public ownership and
sale of sunshine.
llnrdlr Original.
General I.udendnrf says in hi new
hook that Germany niacle many mis
takes. Germany !,- reminded of that
every time an indemnity installment
comes due.
(Copyright by the Hell Syndicate, Inc.)
I.oaxea In Foreign Kxrhnnne.
PORTLAND, Dec. "0. (To ti,e Edi
tor.) I'micr date of December 2ti tho
following psragraph appeared, edi
torially, in Tho Oregonian:
An American In 11110 tried to i.onrl VJ.'.O
throimh liN hunk to a brother In l-olar1.
hut the brother rnulii n-'t be found, anil
two jiS'-s latrr be nVmandod hh monev
bark. Theiis.ii It had at one tlin grown
tu U.l.MI 1'oliMi itiarki. ll tlnallv Miranlt to
1.
Accepting this statement nt Its face
value, the (mention I would nsk la
"What became of the differeneo be
tween the original SlTiO sent to Toland
and tho ?1 2 returned to hlni two yeara
later, and who received it?
W. A. CODDINGTON'.
Without going into the complica
tions of foreign exchango it may be
said that in effect tlin American,
through his bank, purchased $2r0
worth of Polish marks at their then
exchange rnto or market value. In
two years their value depreciated so
that when the American resold his
marks for American dollars they
brought only 12. It would have beet,
a similar transaction If he had ex
pended $2T.O to buy sugar, or shoes, or
oul in Poland for delivery to a
brother. If the brother could not be
found and ufter two years the Ameri
can decided to convert Ills sugar
thoes or coal into money and mean
while those commodities bnd greatly
depreciated in value In Poland, he
would receive back less than ho paid.
Probably as definitely as U ran be
stated the person who originally dis
posed of the commodity is tho one
who made he difference between pur
chase and selling price, for be un
loaded before the market declined.
When t onaelenee la Absent.
Answers, London.
Iilrkv and Charlie were told by
i the lr mother not to play at the back
of the school building, where there
'was a swollun stream and plenty of
mud.
When they returned home at nearly
5 o'clock that evening their shoes
were covered w'th mud.
Thin mother said:
"Charlie, I do not know how your
conscience let you go to tho stream
after promising nuther that you
would not go."
Charlie answered: "I expect my
conscience wasn't working Just right
today, mother.'
Part That Clubwomen Play in
International Politics
Through the General Federation of Women's Clubs the dominance
of man in moulding the' great policies of this nation is at un end.
In the Sunday issue, narrated by William Atherton Du Tuy, appears
on interview with Mrs. Thomas G. Winter, president of tho federa
tion anl one of the four feminine advisers to the American delega
tion on limitation of armament. Mrs. Winter therein discusses the
work recently done in national and international fields by "organized
women who can be depended upon to promote all movements looking
toward the betterment of life." Illustrated.
The "400's" Most Unusual Problem This is the veracious story
of "Aurora's Daughter," the J10,000,000 bachelor beauty, who is
fighting for social recognition, inspired by the romance of a father
who found inTher mother the counterpart of a painting he adored.
Told by Betty Van Benthuysen, in the Sunday issue, this latest
development in New York's social circles possesses all the charm
and interest and drama of fiction but is a page from life. With
illustrations, the magazine section, page 2.
'Marking Time Down the Ages Whence came our calendars?
Who first computed the year, so that we may subdivide time and
appraise it and regulate our lives by its exactions? All this is
answered, and more, in a well-told Sunday story by Corrine Rock
well Swain, who traces our system of time (recording from the
ancient clay almanac to the elaborate and ornate calendars of today.
Sich articles as this persuade us that often we know little about
the conveniences of the present, or the evolutionary toil that created
them. The magazine section.
Reading Sign One of the pleasantest ways to spend a half hour
is with a sprightly short story, told by such a master raconteur as
Kenneth B. Clarke. You'll discover "Reading Sign," his latest short
story, ii: the Sunday magazine and follow it to the last word. One
of the series of hitherto unpublished narratives by widely-known
American authors, appearing weekly in The Sunday Oregonian.
Mystery of Our Missing Girls In this installment of her alarm
ing and interest-compelling serial, Mrs. Grace Ilumiston, noted New
York lawyer and social worker, directs attention to the tens of
thousands of missing girls who never return to whom the escapade
of running- away from home bnng3 ruin and sorrow, and often
death. Mrs. Humiston presents a grave national problem, and
offers the first constructive criticism of those faults which create it.
With illustrations.
Among Us Mortals The inimitable Hill is always new, though
his sketches from life are scanned by many thousands of eager
enthusiasts each week. The reason is not far to seek. , His field is
inexhaustible, for he draws from the rich theme of human nature.
In tomorrow's issue turn to his delightful drawings of matinee girls
at the movies to meet some friends of ours.
All the News of All the World
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN
Just Five Cents ,
)