Morning Oregonian., December 19, 1921, Page 2, Image 2

TIJE 3IORXIXG OREGONIAN. MONDAY. DFCEWnETl 10, 1921
1C BROACHED
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Three -Power Arrangement
Originally Proposed.
FRANCE ADMITTED LATER
World Conference Is Same Id?n
Used by President Harding la
"Best Mind" Sessions.
BT ROBERT T. SMALL.
fCopvrleht. ID'Jl, by The Ornonlan.)
WASHINGTON. l! C. Dec. 18.
(Special.) President Hardin out
lined at the "best minds" conferences
In Marion. O.. last winter the for
mula for international arrangements
which has been carried into effect by
the four-power pact with Great
Britain. France and Japan.
It has been utated both in Wash
ington and In London that the new
arrangement is the outgrowth of
ug-g-entlona from Great Britain
suggestions made when it became
known to the British foreign office
that the United States regarded the
Anglo-Japanese alliance as a menace.
There may be every element of
truth In the statements that Great
Britain was first to broach a three
power arrangement In the Pacific
afterward modified to include France
'but it can be stated with authority
that such a suggestion would not
have been considered here except for
the fact that it happened to coincide
with the president's previously ex
pressed views.
Theory la Simple One.
These views should have- been
known, and probably were known. In
I-ondon as early as last January. The
British proposal for a wider treaLV
to supplant the Anglo-Japanese al
liance was not made until last sum
mer. President Harding's theory of In
ternational accord and the mainte
nance of world peace is as simple as
U Is practical. The president stated
very frankly to some of his callers
at .Marion last winter that he was
forever opposed to the institutional
character of the league of nations
with all of its cumbersome machin
ery anl commandments.
He declared that his Idea of the
way to accomplish something prac
tical in the world was to Kct four
or five of the big nations together
and let them agree upon a line of
action. He held that If the big na
tions reached an agreement It was
certain that the smaller nations could
be Induced, by entirely proper means,
to "go along."
Others Certain to Follow.
The president at that time made a
very homely simile. For purposes of
Illustration he took the small Amer
ican town. If It was desired to inau
gurate) some civic enterprise, the
president said, the method of proce
dure always was to interest the four
or five big and influential men of
the community in the undertaking.
If they agreed as to Its feasibility and
further agreed to co-operate, the suc
cess of the movement was assured,
for the smaller men of the commu
nity, the smaller contributors to the
public welfare, were certain to follow
In the footsteps of the natural lead
ers. Mr. Harding said he believed this
rule would hold as true of nations as
men, especially when the movement
to be undertaken would be for peace
and betterment of mankind. Mr.
warding said he relt that such a com
bination of nations would not be Jus
tified If the purpose of the associa
tion should be one of oppression. But
where the association was one of
guidance for the rest of the world ho
felt that great things could be ac
complished merely by calling the four
or five big powers into consultations.
Japanese Relation Cited.
Further light on the president's
purpose is shed by the fact that in
Florida last winter. Just prior to his
inauguration, he told a number of
his closer advisers, including Charles
Kvans Hughes, who at the time had
Just announced his acceptance of the
portfolio of state, that he felt one of
the first great problems of his admin
istration would have to do with the
arrangement of better relations with
Japan.
Mr. Harding felt the Japanese ques
tion was a very urgent one and that
conditions were developing which
might easily lead to a very embar
rassing situation. Feeling that Japan
and consequently the entire Pacific
situation must be dealt with at the
Washington conference. President
Harding has, with whatever help
Great Britain has been able to give,
put into effect the theory he an
nounced at Marion. He feels today
that if the four powers included In
the new Pacific treaty cannot agree
on all questions that arise, world
peace Is out of the question.
Agreement la F.xpected.
It would be fairer, perhaps, to say
that the president believes they will
be able to agree and that causes for
war in the Pacific will be laid aside
forever. It is true that China remains
not only a puzzle but a problem. Yet
Mr. Harding holds that in dealing
Justly with China it is necessary that
Japan, Great Britain and the United
States be in complete accord. This
accord, he believes, has been ar
ranged. If In the future questions arise in
other parts of the world In which it
Is felt the United Slates has a serious
Interest or a dutyi to perform it will
undoubtedly be the purpose of Presi
dent Harding to arrange another "ex
exutlve committee of the big powers
to deal with it."
It is the president's theory that the
town meeting is Idealistic democracy,
but the town meeting can be effective
only through a small committee of its
leading lights.
exist among the delegates of the
three major naval powers that France
has surprised them by asking more
than had been expected, French del
egates consider this as In no sense
their responsibility because they
gave their figures when they were
asked to do so. Premier Briand'i ac
ceptance in principle of Mr. Hughes'
plan, according to French circles,
was, it Is indicated, not an accept
ance of the status quo of navies but
an acceptance of "the principle of
naval limitation."
Although the French naval plan
stipulates that no new capital ship
hall be laid down before 1926, the
view of the French government. It is
affirmed. Is that building can be be
gun in that year and regularly con
tlnued because by that time It is ex
pected French finances will have re
covered sufficiently to permit this
expenditure.
Many members of the arms confer
ence are looking forward to an ani
mated and perhaps prolonged discus
sion before the French naval views
finally are brought Into accord with
those of the other powers.
It would not surprise some dele
gates if the naval ratio discussion
lasted into the new year and upset
plans of the British to depart in Ue
cember.
As to the far-eastern problems,
there seems to be little to delay ad
Journment. The Bhantung negotia
tions are understood to have Drougnt
the Japanese and Chinese almost to
an agreement and only a few Items
on the far-eastern agenda remain to
be considered. The delegates seem
to be generally of the opinion that if
the naval problem can be solved the
far-eastern end will be wound up
speedily.
' Solution la Predicted.
China's request for abrogation of
the 1916 treaties resulting from the
21 demands forms the most formid
able immediate stumbling block, but
In many quarters It is believed that
the point never will be stubbornly
pressed. Japan has' objected to dis
cussion of the treaties and It is rec
ognized generally that no nation can
be compelled to talk about a ques
tion it considers outside the confer
ence. In addition, there nave oeen
hints of strong support from other
powers for the Japanese contention
that the conference should not at
tempt to eo into "closed incidents."
Neither is It considered likely that
there will be any attempt to discuss
Siberia in detail. The Japanese are
said to be preparing a declaration ot
policy for future protection of the
territorial integrity of Siberia and
some delegates believe that the con
ference can well accept such a dec
laration as covering the situation.
Others want to see a similar Joint
declaration by all the powers but of
a character so broad as not to re
quire prolonged negotiations.
REPORTED REBUFF
BYJAPAN RIDICULED
FAITH BREACH CHARGED
(Continued From Firm Pace.)
ed by the delegation. Members are
confident that the more the figures
are examined the less will they be
opposed by either the American gov
ernment or American public opinion,
but even if they were found unac
ceptable they declare it Is not seen
how they could be reduced material
ly, having In view the strength of the
colonial party In France.
This, It was explained, is composed
of senators and deputies of all politi
cal groups who are devoted to the
development of French possessions.
The trade with the French colonies
Is now upward of 2,000,000,000 francs
a year.
If public opinion is to be the guide
for the French delegation. It was
pointed out by Its members, French
opinion is the only one they can fol
low. While much regret is expressed
over the Impression that appears to
FKKXCII PHESS IjACDS TLAX
Naval Building Programme Sup
ported by Nearly AH.
PARTS, Dec. 18. (By the Associ
ated Press.) Newspapers today were
virtually unanimous In supporting
France's naval building programme
Including the request for ten capital
ships. Le Journal said:
"The danger was in allowing the
United States, Great Britian and
Japan to reach an agreement on the
size of their respective navies with
out the allotment to France and Italy
being fixed."
Le Petit Journal declared:
"Any one who is rightly disposed
will recognize France as a scapower
In protecting immense, widely sepa
rated colonial domains, must have a
strong fleet."
L'Humanite took a different view,
asserting:
"Premier Briand, In his speech at
Washington, said that the situation
on land was different from that on
sea. He advocated cessation of naval
construction because the navies of
France's ex-enemies had been de
stroyed and only friendly powers now
Dossessed them. If we have no more
enemies on the seas, why should we
spend 600.000.000 or 700.000,000 francs
in building battleships?"
The Temps maintained France's
need for a strong navy to insure com
munications with North Africa and
because her interests are world wide.
France only asks for a navy neces
sary to defend her rights, it is de
clared, and added that Italy's situa
tion in the Mediterranean is compar
able to France's and their Mediter
ranean fleets should be based on the
existing relation. -
But, it added, the difficulty is In
the resistance Great Britain makes to
submarines, particularly the consti
tution of the French submarine fleet.
The war established the failure of
submarines unless supported by a
powerful fleet, and even If the Ger
mans used them barbarously, they
still remain one of the best guaran
tees of independence in the hands of
a humane nation.
U. S. QCOTA IS PROTESTED
Retention of Colorado. Washington
and Maryland Criticized.
TOKIO, Dec. 18. (By the Associat
ed Press.) Retention by the United
States of the battleships Colorado,
Washington and Maryland has called
forth violent protestations by several
vernacular newspapers.
The Asahi, under the caption of
"The Selfish Washington Conference,"
attacked the Japanese delegates for
their failure to maintain the "70"
ration. It also scored the powers for
their alleged Insincere attitude.
The Yorozu Choho expressed the be
lief that the acceptance of the nava'.
ratio has been to the detriment of Ja
pan. The Kokumin Shimbun declared
that the conference has prepared for
war instead of peace.
W. S. Squicr Quits Statesman.
SALEM, Or.. Dec. 18. (Special.)
W. S. Squier, for the past seven years
advertising manager for the Salem
Statesman Publishing company, has
resigned his position to accept em
ployment with a specialty advertis
ing corporation. Mr. Squier is one
of the best-known adverttaing mer.
in the state, and has held positions
on many of the leading newspapers
in the northwest. He will be suc
ceeded on the Statesman by H. R.
White.
Shantung Conversations Go
ing Steadily On, It Is Held.
ALL NOT SMOOTH, THOUGH
Who Thought Parley Would Slide
In Beatitude Easily, Asks
Adaclil Kennosuke.
Thrift Drive's End Mourned.
TAKIMA. ' Wash., Dec. 18. (Spe
cial.) Postmaster Med'H mourns an
order of the postofflce department
suspending sales of thrift and war
savings stamps January 1. "Since
the close of the war the sales were
not large," he said, "but we are sell
ing them right along and they have
been an acceptable Investment for
men, women and children and have
been a powerful Influence in teach
ing habits of thrift."
6. H. green stamp for cash.
Holman Fuel Co.. coal and wood
Main 863: 660-11. Adv
Read The Oregonlan classified ad.
Try a Stout - Lyons
Drug Store first
when on your Christ
mas shopping" tour!
BT ADACHI KINNOSUKE.
(Copyright by the New Vork' World. Pub
llsfaed by Arrangement)
WASHINGTON. D. C. Dec. 18.
(Special.) I have it from an author
itative source that the headline an
nouncements In this morning's papers
about "Japanese turn down Chinese
railway offer" are hysterical bosh, as
the Japanese look at it. The Shan
tung conversations are making their
way steady on not exactly as
smoothly as a flatterer's tongue, to
be sure, but who on earth, least of
all the Japanese and Chinese, thought
that it would slide Into the final be
atitude on flowery beds of ease? To
say the least of it. the Japanese con
versationalists are not blocking the
progress of the conversations as is
the meeting of the so-called Chinese
peoples' delegates in Washington
which adopted the following on the
night of December 16:
"That this meeting of the peoples'
delegates disapproves of the reported
acceptance on the part of our dele
gation of Japan's proposal for us to
redeem the Kiaocho w-T?inan railway
by Installment to 'cover a period of
years; the delegates to reject any
such arrangement at the latest by
Saturday's conversations between the
Chinese and Japanese delegates
and if Japan doesn't withdraw this
arrangement, the delegates should
break off the conversations im
mediately and bring the question
of Shantung before the conference."
Misinformation Held Considerable.
And this was no mass meeting or
Irresponsible mob, that is responsi
ble for the above resolution. It was
signed by no less personages than
the "delegates of the United Chamber
of Commerce of China, the United
Education Association of China, and
delegates from Shantung, the dele
gates from Shansl (the province ad
joining the metropolitan province of
Chlhlli). the delegate from Tientisin.
(the port of Fekln). of the workers'
union and of the students' central.
There l! and has been considerable
misinformation and misunderstanding
about the whole business, it seems.
The oft-repeated .report that China
and Japan have reached the point of
settling the Shantung railway ques
tion on the basis of China's payment
of a certain sum of money to be mu
tually agreed upon and in a manner
also to be agreed upon this report
Itself seems to rest on a one-sided
foundation.
C'nnclo.lon H'ld Premature.
I asked Dr. Wellington Koo a few
days ago about this very point, and
he told me "That is my understand
ing." When I asked Mr. Hanlhara.
our vice-minister for foreign affairs,
and one of the prlnicpal delegates,
about this, he declined to answer the
question. And it so develops that
the conclusion that most of the cor
respondents have reached about the
matter Is somewhat premature to
say the least.
As to the Japanese reasons for de
clining a cash payment for the rail
way. It, too. Is not free from mis
understanding, it seems. I asked Dr.
Wang, the chief justice of the su
preme court of China, and one of her
principal delegates, -about the report
that the Japanese reason for declin
ing to take cash payment for the
railway as suggested by China was
because Japan wished to have China
pay her old debts to Japan first be
fore she paid for the railway. Dr
Wang denied this flatly and told me
that the Japanese reason for declin
ing, he thought, was because the im
mediate handing over of the railway
to China would hurt her trade inter-
eats along the railway line.
! ', , MUgivlngs Are Many.
Dr. Wang gave this as his personal
view. The Japanese spokesman, when
questioned about It. did not clarify
the matter. Still anyone who is ac
quainted with the actual conditions
of the Chinese railways under native
management even with foreign as
slstace to some extent would not
:nd It difficult to find more than one
pretty good reason for the Japanese
misgivings as to the proper and effi
cient handling of an Important line
of transportation under the exclu
sively Chinese regime.
With the best of Intentions in the
world and with the best technical
abilities and organizations possible,
one must take into consideration the
facts as they are in China of today. I
Among other things, there are the
joy-riding tuchuns the military gov
ernors and their still more enthusias-
Ically Joy-riding soldiers who have
not been paid for months, aye for
years In some cases, and then, too,
there is the well known chaos in the
administration of large and many sec
tions of China.
Japan Called 'Goat.'
As far as the political administra
tion of Shantung or the territorial
sovereignty Is concerned, Japan has
given many and repeated evidences,
so It has been pointed out to me, of
her desire of completely restoring
every section of the province into thf.
keeping and administration of China.
But- the trade interests and the eco
nomic rights of her people In Shan
tung along the trunk line railway
are entirely another matter. It is th
duty of the government of Japan to
safeguard them to the best of its
ability.
The official Japanese delegation is
as silent as the Egyptian pyramids on
this or any other matter connected
with the conversations, but some of
the people who should have Inside
knowledge about the matter gave me
an impression that the Shantung con
versations are heading the right way;
not as the newspapers proclaimed thin
morning. It may be well for us to
recall the terrible "deadlock" which
the naval ratio negotiation suffered
at one stage of its journey toward
the happy goal. At the time, as all
the world knows. It was Japan who
was blamed for it just as she is be
ing made a goat for the present Shan
tung "hitch" so-called.
RAIL BONDS PROTESTED
Nebraska Commission Opposes Is
suance of Securities.
LINCOLN. Neb., Dec. 18. The Ne
braska, railway commission sent a
protest last evening to the inter
state commerce commission against
the proposed issue of 873,000,000 of
bonds by the Chicago, Burlington &
Quincy Railroad company to reim
burse the company treasury for
money spent in improvements from
the years 1916 to 1921 and an issue of
$30,000,000 for additions and better
ments to be made in 1922.
The Nebraska commission says the
company earned 173,399.989 net over
and above interest charges and divi
dends at 8 per cent in the past five
years.
JEWS BACK AFTER EXILE
Wanderers Find Only Burned Ruins
of Former Homes.
NEW YORK, Dec. 18 Jews who
fled from Lithuania, Letvia and Po
land to Russia in 1914 are returning
slowly after their seven-year exile,
according to cables to the American
Jewish Relief committee from J. N.
Rosenberg, European director for the
joint distribution committee.
Most of them, however, are finding
only burned ruins of their former
homes, he said.
"Their difficulties." Mr. Rosenberg
cabled, "are increased by the severe
p inter weather now prevailing and by
transportation difficulties."
KAISER'S COLORS VETOED
Reichstag Rejects Motion to Have
Black, White and Red Flag.
BERLIN. Dee. 17. The reichstag
today decisively rejected the motion
put forward by the nationalists and
the peoples' party to have black,
white and red restored as the colors
for Germany's merchant marine.
The motion was opposed by the
center and the left, whose applause at
the result of the balloting was
drowned by cries of "shame."
TREATY TO BE EXPLAINED
Four-Power Pact to Be Subject of
Speeches by Congressmen.
WASINGTON, D. C, Dec. 18. The
four-power Pacific treaty and possi
bility of further reduction in arma
ment are to be discussed with the
"home folks" by several senators and
representatives in meetings arranged
by the national council for limita
tion of armament, it was announced
today.
Sixty-eight meetings already have
been scheduled for tiie Christmas re
cess, it was said.
SEVEN BURNED TO DEATH
Mother and Six Children Perish
When Flames Destroy Home.
WINDSOR. Nova Scotia. Dec. 18.
Mrs. Reuben Johnson and her six
children, aged from 3 to 15. were
burned to death today in a fire which
destroyed their home.
Mr. Johnson had been called away
from home a short time before to
help fight a fire at a neighbor's
house. He returned to find his own
borne ablaze.
Warning Placard Put Out.
SALEM, Or., Dec. 18. (Special.)
"Why Gamble With Death?" is the
title of a large placard recently Is
sued by the Southern Pacific Railroad
company for distribution among auto
mobile garages in the state. The
placard calls attention to the dangers
confronting motorists, and urges
their co-operation in preventing ac
cidents at railroad crossings. Sev
eral of the placards have been, re
ceived at the offices of the Oregon
public service commission.
Auto Injures Rancher.
ABERDEEN. Wash., Dec. 18. (Spe
cial.) Arthur Schou weiler was in
jured in an nczident before his ranch
home on Hunters Prairie Thursday
night, according to reports received
here. He was standing in front of a
car owned by ild Spaulding, talking
with Spaulding, when another auto
driven by Frank Matson of Klma
struck the standing car. Mr. Schou
weiler received injuries in the neck
and leg.
Dairy Feeding Schools Slated.
EUGENE, Or., Dec. 18. (Special.)
Dairy feeding schools will be held in
Lane county this winter by Ira P.
Whitney, county agricultural agent.
The first will be held at the Danebo
school house four miles eaet of Eu
gene, next Wednesday night. The
next meeting will be at Rlverview
school house, ten miles north of Eu
gene, on the Pacific highway. The
best methods of feeding dairy cows
will be discussed.
Land Survey Promised.
YAKIMA. Wash., Dec. 18. (Spe
cial.) IX A." Scott, director of the
state conservation and land settle
ment bureau, announced while attend
ing the Washington irrigation insti
tute meeting that a state crew would
be sent shortly to make a survey of
the White Bluffs land offered for
soldier settlement and that he him
self would visit White Bluffs within
the next two weeks.
i
Read The Oree-onlan classified aIt.
Give the best -give a
Victrola for Christmas
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SELF - ACXTSKI) KM BEZZLIiU'S
SUICIDK KFFOItTS FAIL.
India nun Makes I'nsnceesNf ul At
tempt to Cuteh Pnenmonia
in Road Culvert.
Byron G. Jenkins, 30, wanted to die,
so he made a bed of straw in a culverrn
under the Barnes road, sleeping there
for the laet two nights hoping to
catch pneumonia and diethere, he told
police last night. He slunk Into po
lice headquarters about 7 o'clock and
told Inspector Tlrhcnnr that he wns
wanted in Portland. Ind.. for embez
zlement of 82800 from his business
partner.
Although Jenkins carried a .38-cali-ber
revolver, he said he did not have
th nerve to shoot himself. The river
looked too cold, so he compromised
with fate by courting pneumonia.
Kven the latter so far has refused to
accommodate him. He gave up when
he did not become sick, telling Tiche
nor that he wanted to be locked up
and held. He could neither live nor
die of his own volition.
He was held on a charge of carry
ing concealed weapons while authori
ties communicate with the Indiana
town to find out whether Jenkins is
telling the truth about being a crim
inal or whether he is unbalanced as a
result of being down and out.
leial.) Official estimates of the riam-
lage done by the recent flood at the
I government Itimrock camp in the
Headquarters of th Tipton river
placed it at $l5nn, Including repair of
the cofferdam, power plant, pumping
of water from the core wall snarls.
repair of flume, etc.
Flood Damage $4500.
YAKIMA. Wash.. Pec. 18 (Spe-
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Importers and Exporters
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