12
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1921
ESTABLISHED BY HENRY L. FITTOCK.
Publiahod by The Oresonian Publishing Co..
135 sixth fair cut. Portland. Oregon,
a A. MORDEN, E. B. PIPER.
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THE PLAIN MKWING OF WORDS.
Senator Borah regards the moral
obligation of article II of the Pa
cific treaty as compelling the use of
force as did article X of the league.
Let u6 compare the two articles.
Article II of the Pacific treaty reads:
If thf said rights are threatened by the
aggressive action of any other power, the
high contracting parties shall communi
cate with one another fully and frankly
In order to arrive at an understanding as
to the most efficient meaaures to be taken.
Jointly and separately, to meet the exigen
ciea of the particular situation.
Article X of the league covenant
reads:
The members of the league undertake
to respect and preserve hb against ex-
and existing political Independence of all
en BKunvsinn or in rusf or any inri.-ai or
all a w t u. iirinn thn mcam hv which
obligation shall be fulfilled.
The Pacific treaty binds the foul
hp Ip.'lirilo inwn int hinrto all tVtA
rn tent in rfvenner i r ( ..
gresslon, there being over forty
members In nil niirtsi of thp wnrlH
In case of aggression from outsids
the four powers, the Pacific treaty
only binds them "to communicate in
order to arrive at an understanding;"
the league covenant gives the coun
cil power to "advise upon the means"
to preserve any member from ag
gression. That is. the nine members
represented on the council may de
cide for all the members. The
French word "avteer," which Is
translated "advise," means much
more; it rather conveys the idea,
"consult and decide."
By the Pacific treaty the four
powers agree only to talk, and each
Is free to do no more or as much
more as they at the time agree upon;
by the covenant the. members agree
to do whatever the council deems
necessary to "preserve," war being
clearly in view as a possibility.
There is absolutely nothing in the
Pacific treaty "compelling the use of
force." A man need not be either a
lawyer or a senator to realize that.
He need only understand the English
language and possess common sense
linwarped by prejudice.
ANOTHER PROVERBIAL ANSWER.
In aeronautics two somewhat dis
tressing uncertainties have height
ened the hazard and retarded prog
ress. A plane, it is trite to observe,
is singularly helpless when it falters
and falls in mid-air. It has nowhere
to go save down. An inflated diri
gible is a paragon of safety until
somo mishap kindles the malicious
gas in its envelope and sends it
whirling In flajnes to earth. It was
so with the great super-airship that
America bought from Great Britain
It has been so with many airships
and many planes, until we turn with
shuddering from the fearful toll thai
science has taken in its new pursuit
Yet confidently It may be said that
the day will come when planes will
somehow be safeguarded from such
a fate, and with equal confidence it
may be asserted that the dirigible
already has solved Its problem. It
found its answer in helium.
Helium is one of the mysteries,
though we deal casually with It and
turn it to our tasks. It is as essen
tially baffling as the strange ray that
Kipling devised, with literary privil
ege, for the great aircraft of his
great story. "With the Night Mail."
Men named It from the sun, the
Greek word "helios," and knew it
only as a queer gaseous element not
to be found terrestrially. Yet It was
found and turned to practical ad
vantage, even as many an apparently
valueless scientific discovery before
It. For helium gas is non-inflammable
and non-explosive, and its
availability seems intended by des
tiny for the development of aero
nautics. The new navy dirigible, the
C-7, Inflated with helium, passed
over the capital at Washington a
few days ago, while the international
delegates of disarmament were in
session. Air Vice-Admiral Hlggins,
of the British empire, watched the
sure flight of the airship.
"Very Interest! n g," said he.
"America, I understand, is the sole
possessor of a supply of helium."
It is the belief of science that he
lium is the final product of the dis
integration of radium but science is
meek in this assumption and admits
that it is at best but theoretical. The
story of its discovery is fraught with
scientific romance and began with a
solar eclipse in 1868, when an as
tronomer detected in the spectrum
of the solar chromosphere a brilliant
yellow line. It was recognized that
this phenomenon heralded the ex
istence of a previously unknown ele
ment, and to It was given the apt
name of helium. Then came, a score
of years later, the announcement
that the unique spectrum of helium
had been observed in experiments
with lavas from Vesuvius, but it was
not until the gas itself was isolated
from argon, a gaseous constituent of
the atmosphere, that the terrestrial
existence of helium was credited. It
is now known to exist not only in the
atmosphere, but in certain natural
gases of the American continent, and
In brazerite, urainlte, fergusonite and
other minerals. Whether it ever will
be extracted from the atmosphere,
where its volume is as one to 250,000,
remains for science to solve. The
present supply, that which expanded
the dirigible
7, is derived from gas
wells In Texas. The percentage of
helium existing In natural gas has. In
the instance of a Kansas gas well,
been fixed at 1.84.
Near Fort Worth, Texas, the navy
operates a helium production plant
capable of inflating four large diri
gibles each week. This supply, it
is estimated, will be exhausted in
twenty years, because of the gradual
escapement of the gas, but will fur
nish a century's reserve if capped
and conserved. Congress has been
importuned to provide for the pur
chase and conservation erf helium re
sources, and doubtless will act in its
own good time. There is in the na
tional possession of this very potent
gas a commercial possibility, through
the development of aeronautics, that
challenges the imagination. As for
war, and here the cautious will
knock on wood, its possibilities are
prophetic of victory.
WHAT IS A BOLSHEVIST T
A Portland clergyman ventures to
support by the authority of his high
office and supposed learning the
statement that Wells (H. G. ) is a
journalist, a historian, a novelist, a
philosopher, a preacher, a prophet, a
socialist, and an internationalist, but
no bolshevist.
That he is some of these things,
there is ample and very pleasant tes
timony; that he is a historian is
agreed, except by practically all his
torians; that he is a socialist, he
himself affirms; that he is an inter
nationalist, he will not deny. If he
may make his own definition of a
Utopian internationalism; that he is
not a bolshevist he says himself. But
his writings contradict him. They
are the best testimony.
A distinct and incontrovertible
revelation of Wells Is his Russian
letters which he wrote after a two
weeks trip to that unhappy land, and
after an Interview of one and one
half hours with the matchless and
unmatchable Lenin "beloved leader
of all that Is energetic in Russia to
day," (to quote Wells). The bolshe
vist leaders generally he has de
scribed as "far-seeing statesmen,"
"shining clear," "profoundly wise,"
"intimately acquainted with social
and economic questions, and Indeed
with almost everything that matters
in real politics," while Balfour and
Lord Robert Cecil he regards as
"pretentious bluffers," and other
British statesmen as "ignorant and
limited men." As to Russia itself he
found "hunger, want, but order."
The entire tenor and temper of Well's
Russian correspondence Is of sym
pathy for and approval of the pro
fessed aims of bolshevism, qualified
only by a pathetic description of the
people's woes, which he blames in
part, directly and otherwise, by im
plication upon the enemies of Russia
viz: the allies.
"Your condition," says Wells in a
letter to a starving Russian novelist,
"is deplorable, but at least you have
the satisfaction of knowing that you
have abolished private property."
Confiscation of individual posses
sions is the first and fundamental
principle of bolshevism. Wells is for
it. Certainly he is a bolshevist. So
is anyone a bolshevist who insists on
taking the entire social order apart
on the insane venture that he may
be able to put it together again in
new and untried combinations.
mil WM WONPKK AT CRIME.
A jury is unable to agree as to the
guilt of Roy Gardner, so it is fortu
nate, from the point of view of so
ciety, that the bandit already has
hanging over him a prison term
which it is to be presumed he will
yet be required to serve. Yet, on
second thought, we need not be too
sure of that. A region capable of
producing a jury which will mull
over the question of the legal re
sponsibility of a man like Gardner
for a heinous crime may well be
counted on to discover other ways to
aid him in cheating the law.
New Jersey has just been expe
riencing the effect of a mistaken
policy of leniency to dangerous crim
inals. The New York Herald tells of
the case of Louis Lively, convicted of
the murder of a seven-year-old girl.
His conviction, the celerity of which
Is the reverse of a reflection on Jer
sey justice, does not tell the whole
story, however. Lively has been a
thorn in the flesh of the law-abiding
for a long time.
His criminal career began with In
cendiarism when he was barely
twelve years old. Sent to a reform
school, where he was treated as a
minor offender and no particular at
tention was given to the pecullaV
features of his case, he escaped after
a time and resumed his Incendlar
lstic operations. Again returned to
the reformatory, he was "farmed
out" after a short time, when he took
advantage of his liberty to attack a
young woman, murderously assault
his employer's son and steal money
and other property. Despite this
record, when he was returned to
prison for these crimes he was
shortly paroled, and a year or so
later, ' convicted of parole violation
and carrying concealed weapons, he
was sentenced to another term and
paroled once more. Two years later
he committed a murder in Phila
delphia, escaped with a three-year
sentence and was paroled another
time. In less than a year he had
murdered a child and for this he has
been sentenced to execution. At least
two lives might have been saved if
he had been treated from the outset
as the interests of society instead of
considerations of mawkish sentimen
tality required.
The man O'Connor, whose sensa
tional escape from a Chicago jail on
Sunday momentarily holds a central
position In the criminal news, had a
record for evil that must have been
long known to the authorities. Here
seems to be another case in which
early leniency was clearly misplaced.
All I h r e e Gardner, Lively and
O'Connor to say nothing of other
hosts, are examples of the existence
of the incorrigible criminal tendency,
in the Intelligent treatment of which
the ounce of prevention is worth
more than a pound of cure.
More "statistics" recently pub
lished by the census bureau, this
time bearing upon the status of il
literacy in Missouri, furnish a text
for comment upon the total inade
quacy of the ordinarily reliable cen
sus returns in a matter of this kind.
What is meant by "illiteracy" is open
to doubt, and the methods of census
takers are not calculated to obtain
accurate results. Consequently,
without meaning to disparage the
excellent state of Mlseourl, we may
well question the figures which show
that the percentage of illiteracy has
been reduced to 3 per cent, from 4.3
per cent ten years ago. The literacy
or otherwise of the inhabitant for
census purposes may be measured by
his own reply to the question asked
him, and ail who have the faintest
glimmer of understanding of course
will claim to be literate. The draft
examinations showed how different
it is when the Individual is required
actually to read and write. Never
theless there is encouragement in the
relative improvement shown. The
figures at least indicate that fewer
people are willing to admit them
selves illiterate than ten years ago,
and when the sense of pride is
aroused a great deal more may be
counted on.
ADVICE TO MOTOR DODGERS.
A nervous pedestrian asks that
motor car turning signals be ex
plained In order that he may know
which way to jump when he sees a
hand put forth from an approaching
car.
. It is easy enough to tell what the
signal ought to mean, for the method
of indicating a turn or stop is pre
scribed by law. But the number of
drivers who understand the statutory
provision seems to be equivalent to
the number of super-intelligentzia
who grasp the Einstein' theory of
relativity.
In nearly all cars the driver sits
on the left and signals are given
from that side. An arm entended
level, according to law, announces a
turn to the left; an arm raised above
the level a turn to the right; an arm
lowered below the level announces a
stop.
But In practice, If you see an arm
extended, you can count on one of
five things, no matter what Its ele
vation: The car is going to turn to
the left; it is going to turn to the
right; it Is going to stop; the driver
i is flicking the ashes off a cigar; or
the driver is one of those individuals
who gesticulate when they talk.
The pedestrian is unwise If he re
lics on the gestures of the driver of
an automobile. Motorists traveling
behind are not in his predicament
All they have to do when an arm is
extended is to clamp on the brakes
and they are safe. The pedestrian is
in another and less fortunate po
sition. The best advice is: "Don't
dodge, but scowl at every automobile
driver. Perhaps he will think you
have a pull with the police and will
not run over you."
SET THE WORLD'S INTEREST FIRST.
As the day for another reparation
payment by Germany approaches, it
is looked for with a sort of dread by
all who consider the economic con
dition of Germany in its relation to
the world. To make the payment
the German government gathers into
its hands private credits of German
citizens abroad and pays for them
with notes. It makes- up any de
ficiency by issue of new currency.
These operations cause further de
preciation of German currency,
greater abroad than at home, which
helps German exporters to increase
their trade and thus profit by the in
solvency of their government. By
lowering the purchasing power of
money in far greater ratio than
wages increase, depreciation of the
mark provokes discontent among
workmen and further weakens an al
ready weak government. Behind a
surface show of prosperity, Germany
sinks deeper in the slough of bank
ruptcy, and every reparation pay
ment is a push downward.
The American people must recog
nize that the condition of Germany
is the affair of the world, of the
United States no less than of other
countries. The greatest industrial
nation of the continent of Europe
cannot sink without dragging other
nations with it, for It ls-ne of the
vital parts of the world's commercial
machine. It has thrown out of joint
the buying and selling not only be
tween Itself and other nations but
among those other nations them
selves. It reacts not only on the
countries surrounding It but on dis
tant countries. It is largely respon
sible for two million unemployed in
Great Britain and, what most di
rectly concerns us, for the more mil
lions of unemployed and for the low
price of farm products In the United
States. To find the cause of cheap
cotton in the south, of idle copper
mines at Butte, we must look in Ger
many first. If we should remove
those causes in Germany, they would
automatically disappear in other
countries through favorable reaction
from Germany. The effect of the
economic ruin of Russia has been
had. but that of the chaotic condition
of Germany has been many times
worse.
Doubtless it is true that the Ger
man people are mainly responsible
for their troubles, not only through
having made the war but through
their conduct since the war. In a
moment of crushing defeat they
suddenly turned from a monarchist
to a republican form of governmertt,
and are still about evenly divided in
opinion between the two. The re
publicans rule In form but only to a
limited degree In fact, for the mon
archists obey only so far as they
choose, and the republicans are not
strong enough to compel obedience.
The republicans try to fulfil treaty
obligation to pay reparations and to
disarm, but are naturally reluctant,
and the monarchists evade disarma
ment in all manner of ways, and
force upon the government expendi
tures but successfully oppose taxes
necessary to meet them. All that Is
done to fulfill these treaty obliga
tions is done under pressure from
without, In fear of further military
occupation.
In order to be effective, this pres
sure from the allies should be con
stant In pursuance of a consistent,
practicable policy upon which they
are united. But thiy are not united.
France, burning with a just sense o
intolerable wrong,. insists that repar
ations be paid, and, in fear of new
invasion, demands that the disarma
ment clauses be observed to the
letter, for France is determined to
hold Germany down. Great Britain
has nothing to fear, but wants to re
vive the great trade it formerly had
with Germany, therefore wants to
lift Germany up. Italy also has no
further cause for fear, but wants to
revive Germany, both as a market
and as a source of capital for Italian
Industry. These countries have
worked at cross purposes, and by so
doing have tempted Germany to
travel the road to ruin by encourag
ing belief that they can not agree on
severe measures.
Dissociation of the United States
from the ayies in their dealing with
Germany has accentuated these dif
ferences among the allies and has
tempted Germany to take advantage
of them. This country has no claim
for reparation and has no fear of in
vasion, but It has a deep interest in
the economic restoration of Europe,
therefore of Germany in particular,
and in preservation of world peace.
It has this interest in common wita
the whole world. Under the sep
arate treaty of Berlin it has the right
to compel disarmament and payment
of reparations. The manner In which
It shall exercise that right should be
governed by the Interest of this
country, which coincides with that of
the world at large. By associating
itself with the allies in the work, the
United States should be able to brint
the views of Great Britain and
France Into harmony with one an
other and with those of the world at
large, also with the ability of Ger
many to comply with their demands.
It can convince Germany that
further attempt at evasion is useless,
but that the manner In which it shall
fulfill the terms will be regulated by
Germany's capacity and by the ne
cessity to the world of Germany's
restoration to economic health.
Further cash payments by Ger
many might wisely be suspended for
two years in order to give it oppor
tunity to put its finances in order,
but on the strict condition that dur
ing that period revenue is Increased
and expenditure decreased to the
point where the two items not only
balance but leave a margin for pay
ment at least of Interest on repara
tion beginning with the third year,
and that issue of paper currency
stop: also that Germany submit to a
certain degree of financial control
by the United States and the allies.
An exception might be made of the
reparation in kind to be made to
France under the Loucheur-Rathe-nau
agreement, since devastation of
the French war area placed France
at a disadvantage as. compared with
Germany and the allies. Great Brit
ain's claim is mainly for destroyed
ships and could well be deferred for
two years, as there is now a surplus
of ships. Italy's claim for reparation
in Venetla is as strong as that of
France and should have preference
for payment in kind. Germany has
no moral claim to abatement of the
total sum to be paid, but has a right
to know the total, to a limft of time
long enough to make extinction of
the debt practicable, and to gradu
ation of installments, increasing as
prosperity returns and grows.
American policy should be found
ed on the conviction that the eco
nomic restoration of Germany is of
far greater present importance to
th world, Including France, than
any reparation payments that Ger
many may be able to make before
that restoration is complete. Though
there is no reason to expect such a
situation to arise, if a choice had to
be made between Germany's recov
ery and the wiping out of the entire
reparation debt, the latter alterna
tive would be preferable frem a
strictly economic viewpoint. Con
sideration of policy and public
morals would forbid, for that choice
would be tantamount to condonation
of the crime of 1914 and would be a
direct temptation to Germany or
some other nation to repeat the of
fense. Even at the cost of some eco
nomic disturbance to the world at
large, Germany should be compelled
to pay. If only for the moral effect,
but the amount, manner and time of
payment should be regulated with
regard to the welfare of the world
not solely with a view to satisfac
tion of the claims of the nations
which Germany has wronged or of
punishment of Germany.
There may be no prospect of get
ting the delegates out of the Wash
ington conference before Christmas,
but they are confident of getting out
before the new year comes in, for
they are engaging steamer passage
tor New Year's eve. But if Senators
Borah, Reed and La Follette have
their way, the treaties will not be out
of the senate by the Fourth of July.
Sometimes It seems the best in his
class is taken. Riley Richards,
"trouble shooter," who was fatally
injured Saturday, was best known in
the business district where he had
for a dozen years been called in re
peatedly when the "boards" were out
of order. His quiet dignity well be
fitted his efficiency.
By moving its headquarters to
Portland the Northwest Wheat
Growers association shows that It
has discovered the wheat market of
the Pacific coast.
After the disarmament pro
gramme ls adopted the youngsters
will no doubt be willing to accept toy
plows in lieu of toy battleships for
Christmas.
Hope Spokane people do not think
we are Just chaffing 'em with that
story that wheat growers' headquar
ters are to be removed to Portland.
The real reason why Puget Sound
cities are objecting to publication of
bank clearings must be that Port
land has the largest clearings!
What the peace conference prob
ably would like to know now is
whether California will ratify that
four-power treaty.
Sometimes Portland has a slide,
but she lies mostly as nature laid her
out, with a little trimming by the
hand of man.
It is pleasant occupation for an
otherwise idle mind to contemplate
the Christmas chicken before it is
hatched.
Raw material in 5000-ton cargoes
is coming for one Portland Industry.
By and by that kind of news will be
common.
The only way to make sure of
hanging murderers like Tommy
O'Connor is to hang them quickly
Minnesota farmers favor a reduc
tion in the 1922 corn crop, which is
the best news for prohibition yet.
The treasury department wants
more revenue cutters. ine people
want more expense cutters.
So far no one has succeeded in ap
plying Einstein's theory of relativity
to the price of eggs.
However, It's better for Mexico to
have one volcano in eruption than
the whole country.
Babies are about the only suitable
Christmas presents that are not ad
vertised. The four-play treaty must be all
right. LaFollette says he will fight it
Red pepper seems to be the mob
substitute for poison gas.
Time to begin talking turkey
again.
BY - PRODUCTS OF THE PRESS
"Boy From Ponape" Served America
la World War.
Found: Among 105.708,771 resi
dents of the United States, the "Boy
From Ponape,'' only American from
that tiny island of the Carolines.
In the National Geographic .maga
zine Junius B. Wood reiates how, on
o tour of Yap and other Pacific is
lands now under Japanese mandate
he visited Ponape and was approached
by a native who inquired about a "y to this the ambition has been
Ponape boy who had 1 gone to the smoldering in the back of Mr. Nor
United States. The boy's name, the I glad's head, although he knows more
native said, was Uriel Hadley.
"There was no Uriel among my
memory of many Hadleys. and his face
fell in disappointment." Mr
Wood
wrote. "He could not understand
that anybody could live in America
and not know the 'Boy From Po
nape.' Sequel: A few days ago the editor
of the magazine received the follow
ing letter:
"I have read with much interest
j our December magazine. It is Of
special Interest to me because I am
Oriel Hadley, 'a Ponape boy' referred
to on page 596. I left Ponape 15
years ago next January with the last
American missionaries.
"I have not heard from, my people
since the beginning of the world war.
Have sent registered letters request
ing return receipt, but have never
heard from them. I erlisted In the
United States army at the opening
of the war and served until its close.
My people may think I went west.' "
Information from Franklin, lnd.,
is that Uriel Hadley now is a suc
cessful photographer there. The mis
sionary who brought him to America
was the Rev. Thomas Gray, now a
minister at Franklin.
Grandmother wanted to have the
biggest and whitest washing on the
line before the, neighbors had theirs
out; to make the best soap, jellies,
bread and pies; to have the reputa
tion of keeping the cleanest house in
town; to be well married early in
life; to have a' large family of well
behaved children, and to have her
friends think a recipe must be good
if she used it.
Mother wanted to be cultured and
refined and to do the proper thing
at all times; to be well married rather
late in life; to have two or three
well-dresed children; to be able to
hiire and keep a good maid; to be
dressed in good taste, and to have
her friends think a word was spelled
or pronounced correctly In her way.
Daughter of today wants to live
in the most exclusive apartment house
in the city; to be able to drive her
own car: to have a chow, a Pekin
gese or a Persian eat; to be married
and divorced a time or two; to have
her fr.ends think her gown the latest
fashion or she would not be wearing
It; to have girls ask her what kind
of powder and rouge she uses, and
to make men turn around. Katherlne
Newby, In Judge.
A famous financier recently ob
served in the New York Sun that
6:03 o'clock in the afternoon for most
personB Is the most important part of
the whole day.
"The ninth hour and not the elev
enth," he said, "is the hour of des
tiny. At three minutes after 5 your
day's work is done. You are about
to use or squander four or five
precious hours of your own time.
All day you have been working for
somebody else. Shortly after 5 o'clock
you are' called upon to make an Im
portant decision for yourself.
"At 5:03 o'clock three out of every
ten persons are hurrying to the tele
phone to make a 'date' for the even
ing. Probably four are getting list
lessly into their wrap for the jour
ney home to a wasted evening.
"The remaining three well, look
out for them. Some of them are
working overtime on their jobs. For
the company? Well, perhaps, but
primarily for themselves and their
future. Others are planning a busy
evening at some night school.
"Check up on yourself at three min
utes after 5."
A factory at New Orleans has com
menced operations In the manufac
ture of wall board from sugar cane
after the sugar has been extracted,
according to the Mississippi Valley
Lumberman. Their waste materlaL
called "bagasse." is fibrous and lends
Itself to the purpose well.
The material is taken direct from
the rollers of the sugar mills, baled
and sent to the manufacturing plant.
Here it goes through a simple proc
ess and Tolls out of the finishing
end of the machinery a 12-foot board,
three-quarters of an inch thick and
any length up to 900 feet.
Once the baled bagasse ls unloaded
from the freight cars that carry It
to the plant. It ls not touched by hu
man hands until it rolls out a fin
ished product ready to be cut into
standard lengths, bundled and
shipped.
In its manufacture the makers
claim that It is so mixed with chem
icals as to make the individual fibers,
as well as the complete board, per
manently waterproof, and It can
therefore be used as an outside board
as well as for Inside work. A box
built of It will hold water Indefinite
ly.' Heretofore the material used In
Its manufacture has been burned .as
of no value.
Up-to-the-minute ladies who smoke
may be interested In learning that
Dr. William Brady, medical writer,
says that smoking tends to make the
hair fall out, due to loss of oxygen,
and adds: "As a general rule the
cigaret-smoking woman has poor
hair, if she has her own hair at all."
Please tell this to the ladies.
A more important point ls the es
tablished fact that tobacco is present
in the blood of an unborn child of a
weman who smokes. Dr. Mjoen, the
eugenlst of Norway, says that In the
case of a drinking mother "chemical
analysis has shown that the cild
and the mother have exactly the same
amount of alcohol in the. blood." It
Is obvious that the same thing ts true
of tobacco. No woman wants her
baby to begin to smoke before It is
born. Capper's Weekly.
s
Propaganda has turned sentiment
against the park bench unemployed
in New York, says a recent news let
ter. The public has suddenly realized
that the ambitious man, temporarily
out of employment, Is not spending
his time loafing on a park bench.
rx i n,i hitntinr work N'pwRllflDprs
l ave dwelt upon this so persistently
that lunches and fruits are not being1
carried to park bench loafers at all .
these days. I
1
Those Who Come and Go.
Talcs of Folks at the Hotels.
When Al Norblad was a youngster
In Chicago he attended a meeting
one night which was addressed by
a member of congress. Then and
there the ambition was born to sit
some day In congress and help make
the of the country From that
sdoui congressmen now than he did
then and there is not the glamour
surrounding a member that his boy-
I hood Imagination pictured. Just the
mi. uiui.u ii. .i some uaj
take a chance on runnlr.g for repre
sentative in the first congressional
tiistrlct. At present he is a member
cf the state senate for Clatsop coun
ty, and made his main fight In the
tegular session last winter to abolish
purse seines. This law Is now In the
courts on a question of constitution
ally and Senator Norblad would like
to see a decision before the special
cession meets. If the decision de
clares the purse seine law unconstltu
'Ujnal. the senator predicts that the
fishing In the Columbia river will
te devastated even more than at
1. resent. Should the decision come
lefore the special session convenes
and the law ls knocked out, Mr. Nor
blad wants to introdflce another
Which will be air-tight.
"Three sawmills In cur town are
now operating and one of them is
p.lso working at night," reports Sher
i"n Miles, banker of St Helens, who
'9 at the Benson. "The lumber busl
i.ess has been dead, so that the re
newed activity makes things, look
pretty lively." Mr. Miles is on his
way to look after a farm he has
near Eugene and when that Inspection
Is over he will head for Salem where
he will represent the constituency of
Columbia county in the lower house.
Mr. Miles is one of the two demo
crats who are members of the lower
branch of the legislature and was
elected in a strong republican county.
He may have a bill legalizing school
districts, to assist In paying for the
transportation of children. There are
about 70 districts In the state which
are now paying money for such
transportation and there is question
as to whether such expenditure is
constitutional
"If 'Pop' Gates, mayor of Medford.
decides to be a candidate for gover
nor in the republican primaries he
will have the solid backing of Jack
son county." predicts Ben Sheldon,
representatives of that county. Mr.
Sheldon is in town getting informa
tion on several subjects. For instance,
he ts' listening to the papers at the
convention of county Judges and
county commissioners; he is to meet
with the state highway commission
relative to work on the Crater lake
highway: he has been consulting with
members of the special committee ap
pointed by Governor Olcott to suggest
regulations for the state highways,
and he has been sounding sentiment
relative to the 1923 exposition and
the various plans for financing th-it
undertaking. By the end of the week,
Mr. Sheldon expects to have enough
information under his hat to enable
him to meet the special session with
a brave heart.
"The state and county tax for
Wheeler county "is 21 mills," declares
R. J. Carsner of Spray, where he is
the proprietor of the Three-Bar ranch.
Mr. Carsner. representing the 28th
representatives district, consisting of
Gilliam, Sherman and Wheeler coun
ties, was born In Canyon City. Grant
county, and has been in the livestock
business all of his life. As a mem
ber of the legislature he has never
Introduced a bill, which Is a some
what unique distinction. For the
special session he will not offer a
mensnre Mr Carsner. who has ar-
rived among the first lawmakers to
look over the situation, favors a short
special session, the Bhorter the better,
but he doesn't want the Job incom
plete. Measures to be considered he
wants properly disposed of.
"Yamhill county ls the center of
the taxpayers' league Just now," ex
plained W. T. Vinton of McMlnnvlIle,
who is in the city on legal business.
"There is a big meeting there today
with a number of prominent speakers
discussing taxation." Mr. Vinton Is a
member of the state senate and was
formerly president of that body. He
will be present when the roll Is called
next Monday morning at 10 o'clock
with the hope that the session Is end
ed' in a week or Jess. However, the
senator says that he will not sign
any pledge to limit consideration to
only those subjects which the gov
ernor enumerated In the call, as some
thing of an emergency character may
come up to command action.
Among the many ways of raising
funds for the Red Cross was a golf
game, devised by S. L Sanders, reg
istered at the Multnomah from New
York. Having played in several na
tional tournaments he conceived the
Idea of putting on an exhibition game
with three others and in 141 days he
played 140 games In as many differ
ent cities, the admission fee being $1
a person. Sometimes as a special fea
ture the game would be started by
driving the ball off the crystal of
a watch.
Lumber business continues good at
Port Orford. Or., because of the de
mand in Japan for the Port Orford
cedar, which ls said to he practlcally
the same species as was used by Solo
mon when he built the temple. N. H.
Larson, lumberman of Port Orford. ls
at the Hotel Portland, his mission
here being to meet with the highway
commission during the week to advo
cate further Improvement and devel
opment of the coast highway through
Curry county.
Charles A. Brand, formerly a repre
sentative for Douglas county In the
legislature, is at the Hotel Portland.
Mr. Brand is a member of the com
mission appointed by Governor Olcott I
to Investigate the tax situation in
Oregon 'and see what can be done In
the way of finding new sources of
revenue. This committee may have
something to offer in the way of a
report for the special session next
week.
J. O. Goldthwalte. one of the lead-
ing lumbermen of Klamath county, ls
at the Hotel -ortiana. regisierea
from Chlloquln. The town of Chllo
quin Is supported by the lumber In
dustry and when the market is good
many carloads are shipped out. going
Into California. The community has
reached the stage where it wants a
new school building and has voted a
bond issue to meet the cost.
C. H. Knowles. formerly In the
roadmaster's department in Multno
mah county, but now In the concrete
pipe business at Bend, Is in the city.
Mr. Knowles is here as a witness in
the pending suit over the Vista house
on Crown point.
L. W. Glaser. formerly a member of
the city council at Astoria and more
recently a sergeant of police in the
city by the sea. is In Portland, having
been drawn as a member of the fed
eral Jury.
R. M. Jennings, manager and treas
urer of the Douglas County Light &
Power company, arrived at tne Motel
Portland last nigntirom tw.oourg.
j v weed, an attormy of Condon,
i8 jn the city. Mrs. Weed is in a local
nospltaj.
Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright. Houghton-Mifflin Cs.
Caa Yo Answer These Questions
1. What bird has Its windpipe on
the back of Its neck?
2. What ls the difference between
a mouse and a rat?
3. Do oysters grow on the Pacific
coast:
Answers In tomorrow's nature notes.
Answers to Previous Questions. '
1. Do fishes have lungs?
No, the gills are the organs for
exchanging oxygen (from water) for
carbonic acid gas from the body.
These gases are exchanged through
the delicate tissues of the tiny veins
with which the gills are treated. But
some fishes do have an Inner organ
called the "swim bladder," filled with
gas. As the fish seeks different
levels In the water, and thus en
counters different degrees of spe
cific gravity, the swim bladder gas
Is constantly adjusted to meet dif
ferent degrees of pressure.
are
2. Do birds perspire like mammals?
No. they are not provided with
sweat glands, and besides that, their
coats are too dense to allow any free
circulation of air to evaporate
moisture given off from the body.
Birds breathe very rapidly, air pass
ing not only Into the lungs, but
through the lungs Into the air-sacs
in their bones, and any surplus heat
Is easily carried off by this Internal
circulation of air.
3. Why do people wink their eyes?
The eye Itself Is a very delicate
structure that must be kept perfectly
clean and bright. If It Is to receive
perfect images to be photographed
onto tho brain. The motion of the
eyelids stimulates the tear glands
Just enough to release a little
moslture which the act of winking
spreads over the eye-ball, cleansing
It and keeping It sensitive.
PLEA OF FKBCKDKNT IS I HA HI
Tumulty's "Tumid Trumpery" About
War Partisanship Answered.
ABERDEEN, Wash., Dec. 12. (To
the Editor.) After reading the Tu
multy articles one Is inclined to won
der why a great newspaper like The
Oregonlan should waste so much of
Its space in publishing such silly,
slushy, sycnophantlsh slobherings. If
I might suggest a name for his book
I would submit the "Palaverlngs of
a Parasite." or the "Snivellings of a
Snuffler."
Ah a large portion of the articles
so far published seem to be a collec
tion of letters of advice from Tu
multy to Wilson, one Is led to won
der what might have happened at
Paris had not this wonderful foun
tain of wisdom been at Wilson's dis
posal. In the 34th chapter, printed Decem
ber 4, Mr. Tumulty. In defending Wil
son's appeal to the country for a
democratic congress, says a precedent
for this appeal was set by Lincoln In
1864. also by McKlnley In 1898. What
were the political conditions under
'which Lincoln appealed to the coun
try?
On August 27. 1864. in their na
tional convention in Chicago, the
democrats 'nominated George B. Mc
Clellan for president and declared In
their platform that the war was a
failure, that the constitution had been
violated under the plea of military
necessity and that hostilities should
Immediately cease. So we see that
when Lincoln made a plea for a re
publican victory It was a plea to save
the union from the efforts of the
democratic party to disrupt It.
The conditions In 1898 wero some
what similar. In that year a rtieas
ure authorizing the issue of $600,000.
000 in honds to flnnnre tho Snanl.ih.
American war activities of our gov
.. .. .. , . , .
ernment was passed. In the senate
only seven out of 34 democrats voted
for It, and In the house only six out
of 130 democrats could cast aside
party lines to support the president
with necessary funds.
One of these six was Amos J.
Cummings of New York. On May 3,
1898. Champ Clark said, turning to
Cummings:
If It were not for my personal affection
for the gentleman from New York. 1
would Inaugurate a movement anions the
democrats in this snd the. other, end of
the capltol to read out of the democratic
party, by name, every man who voted
for the bond bill the other day. Genuine
democrats do not propose that such action
shall be charged to them.
In the lower house Jim Ham Lewis,
then a member from the state of
Washington, saw an opportunity to
advertise himself, and after a bitter
tirade against the democratic . mem
bers who had voted to uphold and
to support the American army In the
field, wound up as follows:
On this side of the house there arises
now and then, as did my friend train New
York, the distinguished and honorable
gentleman, Amos J. Cummings. who ad
vised this assembly that he "put his coun
try before his party," and irhder his lead
ership certain gentlemen on this floor,
calling themselves democrats, found It
ugreeable to support the measure (th
war bond Issue). For myself. 1 am tired
of this constant prating cry of patriotism,
which Is eer Invoked on the Moor of this
house every time there Is an attempt to
commit a constitutional wrong. I say
that with the true democrat there can
be no such cry as my country before my
party.
Mr Tumulty is either extremely
ignorant of the history of his party
or he places a very low estimate on
the Intelligence or memory of the
American people.
In any event, let us pray that the
publication of Tumulty's tumid
trumpery will soon end.
JAMES A. HOOD.
Tumulty Article. Appreciated.
VANCOUVER. Wash., Dec. 13. (To
the Editor ) It Is to be hoped that
Mrs. O. H. Wilson, whose communica
tion appeared In The Oregonlan, Isn't
Imbued with the idea that she ls ex
pressing the sentiments of the public
at large when she refers to the
Tumulty articles running serially In
The Oregonlan as "disgusting."
The name and memory of Woodrow
Wilson will live In the days to come,
while those of his traducers have
sunk Into oblivion. The term "dis
gusting" I have always associated
with such things as gila monsters,
rattlesnakes, etc., but not to the ef
forts of a former president of the
United States. I would advise, Inas
much as the lady in question finds
the articles "disgusting" that there
are other features In The Oregonlan
besides the offensive Tumulty articles
for public consumption the automo
bile section of the Sunday's issue, for
instance, or the comic section.
A VOLUNTEER OF '98.
Church Connection of Presidents.
FREE WATER, Or., .Dec. 12. (To
the Editor) What were the religious
dtnomlnatlons to which our presi
dents belonged from Washington to
the present time? E. F. B.
Washington. Madison, Monroe. Har
rison, Tyler, Taylor. Pierce and Ar
thur were Episcopalians: John Ad
ams, J. Q. Adams, Fillmore and Tart
were Unitarians; Jackson, Polk, Bu
chanan, Lincoln, Cleveland. BenJ. Har
rison and Wilson were Presbyterians;
Grant, Hayes and McKlnley were
Methodists; Van Buren and Roose
velt, Reformed Dutch; Garfield. Disci
ples; Jefferson was a believer but not
a sectarian; Johnson was a believer
but not a church member, his wife a
Methodist; Mr. Harding U a Baptist.
More Truth Than Poetry.
My James
1 .num..
A CHllhniK LBIl'IIUL
(From an Income taxpayer.)
Dear Uncle Sam. enclosed please find
A check a small one, it Is true.
For I am quite a bit behind
With coal and gas and meat bills
due.
A deal of sacrifice it takes
For me to send a check at all.
So please remember that It makes
The fourth I've sent you since last
fall.
I trust this sum will serve you: need.
You'rs loose with cash, you muai
admit
A reckless squanderer Indeed,
I can't guess what you do with It
In fact I think I ought to say
That this enclosure's going to ho
The last that I Intend to pay.
No matter how you badgvr me.
But when this season comes around.
When every soul with Joy ls
fraught,
And peace and happiness abound,
I can not think an unkind thought.
The holidays when sweet beUs chime.
When mistletoe hangs from the
ceilings,
nd children laugh, ls not the time
To hurt a poor old Uncle's feollngs.
So take It as my Christmas gift;
Although it's more than I caai spare,
I hope that It will help to lift
The load you always seem to bear.
I hope It cheers your weary lot;
And so I'm sending It today.
For well I know If I do not.
That you will take it anyway,
see
Cob Amore.
Mr. H. G. Wells has written so
much history that he now feeii that
he ought to begin making a little
ot it.
Too Had W r Can't.
If we could only make the govern
ment believe In Santa Claus, perhaps
it would hang up Its stocking for
that last Income tax Installment.
An Added Joy.
One reason Christmas Is so merry
lr, because by that time we have eaten
the, last of the Thanksgiving turkey.
(Copyright hy thn rtell Syndicate. Inc.
There's a name that ls never spoken
As my friends I am counting o'er.
Though my heart gives a silent token
Of remembrance, forevermore.
For the names that I speak In pass
ing Are of friends who come through
my door.
Wo huilded of thoughts that wt,
cherished.
Of dreams tht were sweet and
fine,
A friendship that since has perished.
Though It seemed to me near
divine.
And always I pause and ponder
And ask If the fault were mine.
I walk with these friends who linger,
And pass through my open door,
But grief lays an Icy finger
Forever and evermore
On the name that burns In memory
With the pain of an open sore;
There Is naught that ever bruises
A heart when its trust Is won.
Like the faith that a friend abuses.
And throws back maimed, to one;
And the heart may learn, through
aching.
With faith to soon be done.
I
In Other Days.
Twealj-flTS enrs Ano.
From the Oregonlsn of December 14, IRfla
W'.ishlncton. The death of Mateo,
Cuban leader, has aroused keen Inter
est here and many offers of assist
ance have been extended the Island
ers. There ls also talk of sending
troops.
Portlanders are being afforded tin
opportunity of seeing and having ex
plained the workings of a first-class
X-ray apparatus for the paltry sum
of 16 cents. Unlike several forerun
ners, this Is not a fake.
It has become necessary to pint
screens alonR the Bull Run canal lo
prevent leaves, sticks and other debris
from getting 'nto nnd clogging the
water pipes in the city.
A treaty of general arbitration be
tween the United States and England
covering existing differences Is about
completed and ready for signature.
MKf Years Ago.
From the Oregonlan of December 14.1871
London. -Latest reports on the
condition of the Prince of Wales an
very grave. A special meeting of the
principal heirs has been called
There hve been 6000 deaths from
smallpox In London during the las?
season and at least 100.000 maimed
disfigured or crippled by the disease.
New York. Seven deaths snd 3L'
new rases of smallpox have been re
ported here since last Saturday.
lilt. il SCHOOL ihiviumi; CV1
.'lOflO lupll Affected hy Ruling and
I.eKlMluturr l'ra;rd to Art.
RAINIER, Or.. Dec. 13. (To the
l.-.l , , .. . Tn ..ffn.J . U.. . .
iv,,., ii, I t- 1 1 iiii- IIIMlKr Ul
bills being considered at the coming
special session of the legislature
there seems to be a concerted effort
to shut off all legislation except
the proposed 1925 fair and highway
legislatlon. Parties who advocate
this programme are certainly not In
formed as to some of the real needs
of Oregon and arc snutting their eyes
to everything except the one great
Idea.
There ls one law which certajnly Is
of far greater Importance than either
tho 1925 fair or highway legislation
and that Is a law amending the pres
ent law governing the transportation
of high school students from one
school district to another. School
districts having no high schools haye
been paying for the transportation of
students to adjoining districts which
have high schools. The attorney
general of the state has recently
ruled that this cannot be done.
By this ruling nearly 3000 high
school students residing in all parts
of the state of Oregon will be denied
high school privileges in case the!
narrow policy of considering only two
measures ls adopted by th-e special:
session. These 3000 students. If at-'
tending a single school, would make;
a student body equal In numbers to:
that of some of our state Instil .- i
tions. By falling to take action s
this special session many of the be
high schools In Oregon will be pra.
tlcally ruined.
In the case of Rainier, which main
tains one of the best schools In the
state, about one-half of her InC"
school students reside outside the
district and are transported by three
different auto busses to and from the
school. Shorn of these students and
the revenue, the Rainier school would
be compelled to dispense with at
least two departments and tho school
would deteriorate otherwise.
Let us be consistent and reason
able In this matter and not decide
to do a thing;' until all the facts are
knows.
A. E. V LATCH.
Trust Betrayed.
By r.rare E. Hall.
i