V a" TIIE 3IORXIXG OREGONIAN, MONDAY, AUGUST 1, 1921 i.lSTABHSHEU BY HENRY L. 1'ITTOCK. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.. IK Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon. ,,C A. MOKDEN E. B. P1PKR. llauner. Bailor. The Oregonian Is a member of the Asao 'elated Press. The Associated Press U e e.uslvely entitled to the use (or publication a" news dispatches credited to it or not "otherwise credited in this paper and also ;the local news published herein. All rights of DUblication of special dispatcher herein are also reserved. ..Subscription Batett Invariably In Advance, I Rv Mil I Dally. Sunday Included, ane year ly. Sunday Included. six months . .. Ually, Sunday included, three month 00 3.23 ini'1'. Sunday included, one month - v.I-'ly. without Sunday, one year -" . Iaily. without Sunday, six months Jaily. without Sunday, one month So Weekly, one year 1 ,w -i Sunday, one year ....... 2.50 (By Carrier. ... l"ally. Sundav Included, one year t 00 -Daily. Sunday Included, three montha... 2 - ; Dally. Sunday Included, one month. .... squally, without Sunday, one year J.8U Ually, without Sunday, three months. . I"-' . .Xaliy. without Sunday, one month 85 -"- How td Remit Send poatoffiee money ""-order, express or personal cheeki on your local bank, stampc. coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postoffice address In Including county and state. """" Postage Rates 1 to IB patei. 1 eent: J ."JIo aa ife. i cents: ;14 to 4S pages. S cents: r0 to 64 pages. 4 cents: 68 to 80 . Pairs. J cents: SJ to Ofl paxes. 8 cents, n .foreign postage double rate. JLHKtrrn Bilfdneas Office Verree Conk---lfn lioo Madison avenue. ..New York; Verree ?T Conklln. Steeer building. Ch trace; Ver ..ree c Conklln. Frea Press building. Dt ,trolt. Mich.: Verree sc Conklln. Selling j.wbulMlng. Portland: Pan Francisco repre--eentatlve. R J. Bidwell. A 6TATKM ENT AS TO THE PITTOCK WILL CONTEST. The -state supreme court, through an opinion rendered by Chief Justice Burnett, and concurred in by all its members, who heard the case en banc, has sustained the will of the late Henry L. Pittock, long pub lisher, principal owner and direct ing Influence of The Oregonian. Mr. Pittock died at his home in Port land, January 28, 1919, leaving- his estate, which included a controlling interest in The Oregonian, in trust for twenty years. On October 7, 1919, seven months later, a proceed ing to test the validity of the will of her father was begun by a daughter, Mrs. Caroline P. Leadbetter, who was one of the five heirs. No other heir joined Mrs. Leadbetter in her 6uit. The litigation took its usual course, and is now finally deter mined by the highest appellate court. It may now be assumed that the questions both of fact and of law raised by the contest, which include direct charges of the gravest char acter against the trustees named by Mr. Pittock to administer his estate, and also, at least by plain implica tion, against the editor of The Ore gonian, have been conclusively set tled, after due judicial investigation, so that there need be no occasion hereafter for misunderstanding or misconception on the part of any one as to the merits of an utterly groundless and futile legal contro versy. It was precipitated by the contestant under complete misap prehension of the truth and under the counsel and guidance of others who were inspired by wholly mer cenary ends. The decision of the supreme court, which covers every phase of the contest, and analyzes, with rare fidelity to the record, all the circumstances surrounding the making of Mr. Pittock's will, setting forth his clear intent and confirm ing his absolute right to make his own disposition of his own property, is a vindication both of Mr. Pittock (his judgment, his- foresight, his Justness) and of the men in w)om he reposed without reservation a "very great trust and responsibility. - - The train of events leading up to the trusteeship of his property, which, was varied in character and considerable in extent, began in the year 1912, when Mr. Pittock made a will putting his stock in The Ore gonian in a trusteeship for twenty years and distributing the remainder of his estate equally among his heirs. The immediate occasion for his action was his desire to retain the services of two of his important employes, whose tenure during faithful service was guaranteed in the document; but the compelling reason was, without question, to protect and preserve The Oregonian, assuring the continuance of its edi torial and news policies and stand ards, which had placed it among the principal journals of the United States, and the maintenance of the careful, intelligent and wise business methods which under him had made of it a financial success. In this way, of course, his family would be assured of a permanent income suf ficient for all their needs and rea sonable desires. It should be need less to repeat here a fact widely known that The Oregonian, being largely the creation of Mr. Pittock's enterprise, energy, vision and long and persevering industry and unre mitting sacrifice, was his prized pos session, to be jealously and continu ously guarded against possible and even probable vicissitude and change of fortune. The Oregonian had seen dark days; it might again. But The Oregonian was to Mr. .-Pittock more than a personal asset; it was a public trust. Its standards must not be lowered, its ideals must be maintained, its complete integrity ; guaranteed. To that purpose he had 'dedicated his entire life; to it he would assign his fortune, commit ting the newspaper to men who had been trained in The Oregonian tra nsition and -who, he believed, were equipped to serve as he had served. That is the true explanation of Mr. .., Pittock's motive and plan, eo far as U relates to The Oregonian. It was his thought in lesser degree as to his 'other interests. For these reasons Mr. Pittock in 1912 took the initial step and the ; initial step only in the plan which -;iad been slowly maturing In his " mind and which he embodied in its complete form in the will of August "'23, 1916. None who knew Mr. Pit tock well knew the strength of mind, the keenness of his judgment, .; the infallibility of his intuitions, and above all his confirmed habit of in--- dependent thought and action- could or would in good conscience aver that-another's will and desire could be substituted for his own, er that he could or would be "unduly influenced" by any person for any purpose whatsoever. What Mr. Pit tock did for and with The Oregonian in 1912 he did for tils whole estate, including The Oregonian, in 1916. The cardinal principle of Mr. Pittock's will is the trusteeship which was to "preserve my estate"; but the impelling motive behind the trusteeship (as was previously stated) was to support The Orego nian and, of course, to protect fcis family. The beneficiaries of the will are his direct heirs and ultimately their children and no others. The five heirs are to be paid during the trust the sum of $500 per month each, and, after the debts shall have been paid, the trustees are directed to pay semi-annually to the heirs, share and share alike, until the termina tion of the trust, a specified portion of all cash on hand. Is it not ob vious that Mr. Pittock had the wel fare, the comfort, the happiness of his family duly and fully in mind by seeking to make secure the wise and profitable investments he had him self made, guaranteeing to them a reasonable fixed income, and finally by distributing to them all his prop erty ? It is true that ' the trustees are neither heirs, nor beneficiaries, nor relatives, but only men who through long years of association he had learned to respect and have confi dence in. Why he preferred thus to nominate them to a weighty and even sacred trust, and not select others, from among his kinsmen, or elsewhere, is not for them to say; but it is certain that it is a duty and a responsibility they did not solicit and it is equally certain that they will not evade it nor betray it, but will to the best of their ability dis charge 'it to the last item. "The action , of the testator," de clares the court in its decision, "in thus reposing so large a trust in two employes who had been faithful to him through many years may or may not have been provident, as the sequel shall prove, but it was not unlawful, and the will in that re spect is a valid document, declara tory of his disposition of his es tate." ' The gravamen of the allegations in the first petition filed by Mrs. Leadbetter was that the will was void because of "improper and un due influence" exerted on Mr, Pit tock by the two trustees and "other person or persons unknown" in order to secure large benefits, emol uments and commissions; that they were given as trustees unlimited and unrestricted discretion in their con trol of the assets of the estate; that the beneficiaries were not specified with certainty; that the trustees were directed, in violation of law, to vote for themselves as director of The Oregonian Publishing com pany. In the amended petition these charges were greatly elabo rated, the long "confidential and fi duciary relationship" of the trustees with Mr. Pittock was emphasized, and it was said that they had used their position to conspire against the heirs and the minority stock holders of his various corporations, so as to have power and control in their own hands, taking it from' them; and thus the trustees over came Mr. Pittock's "free agency, vo lition and judgment" and substi tuted their will for' his own, causing him to sign a "paper writing" which was not in fact or law his true will. Charges of conspiracy to defraud could hardly be more direct; if true they would, of course, have been adequate cause to set aside the will and to punish the conspirators. They were not only not true, but not the slightest attempt was made at any time to prove that they were true. It is a painful reflection that there are members ot, the legal pro fession who will frame and. put on record charges which . cannot be substantiated and which they know cannot be substantiated. When the hearing in the contest came before Judge Tazwell, the proponents of the will assumed the burden of proof, adduced testimony to show all the known circum stances surrounding the making of the will (and the will of 1912 as well), and brought many witnesses to show the character, methods and entire mental competency of Mr. Pittock at all times. The petitioner and her husband took the stand to subscribe to the general tribute to Mr. Pittock's worth, including his firm disposition and his capacity al ways to direct and control ' his af fairs. The result was that the will was admitted to probate, and the supreme court later disposed of the fiction of "undue influence" by quoting the petitioner's own testi mony, which was in direct contra diction of the sweeping charges in the petition. Let us quote from the court's opinion: The evidence is convincing that at no time or place did either of the defendants exercise or attempt to exercise any in fluence over the decedent in the matter of making bis will. On the contrary, the testimony is clear tbat the Initiative in the matter came from him and that the will was the product of faia own mind and of bis own dictation, without the least sug gestion from any one. so far as the record discloses, about what the document should contain or what disposition should be made of his property. In other words, as dis closed, by the record before us. it Is ap parent that he had very much more in fluence over the defendants that they had over him; that his word was the law of his business and that it was theirs to obey and not to influence or dioiate. It is particularly gratifying that the chief justice in his opinion cov ered all points offered for the court's consideration by the contestant and without an exception exposed their utter lack of merit, either in fact or in law. It was held that there was no wrong or fault In The Oregonian trust, since a stockholder may deal with his own property,- and there was no combination collusive or otherwise with, other stockholders. and a single majority stockholder may for himself formulate a policy and carry it out, even after his death, for a limited period. It was held that the will was specific as to its beneficiaries and the trust was sufficiently certain in all its features for practical operation. In other words, the plan devised by Mr. Pittock in his will, for the protection of his estate, for the care of his family, for the maintenance of The Oregonian, and for the conser vation of his other interests through a trust to endure twenty years, was approved and confirmed by the highest court of the state of Oregon. There now rests the Pittock will contest. It is ended, without con firmation of any of the charges or insinuations whatsoever made by the contestant, and without an at tempt of any kind at any time to confirm or support them, or any of them. BUYERS FLOCK TO THE METROPOLIS. By the yearly extension of the territory from which merchants come to Portland during Buyers' week Portland proves and strength ens its position as the commercial metropolis of the Pacific north-west. That field has steadily grown from the three states' of Oregon, Wash ington and Idaho to include western Montana, Wyoming and Utah. It has extended to Alaska on the north and to southern California on the south. An equal trade area in the old world would embrace several countries. . Buyers' week is a Portland inven tion and, though other cities have imitated, they have not been able to equal this city's success. By attract ing comparatively few merchants from a small area, they have ex posed the restricted field of their trade . in contrast with the broad, field that Portland covers. They draw hundreds, while the number of visitors to Portland has reached into and may this year complete its sec ond thousand. By- personal ac quaintance and social intercourse merchants and their customers are brought into, mutual understanding, and ties are formed which make for profitable and agreeable business for both for years to come. Circumstances are favorable for a most successful Buyers' week. Ow ing to the disturbance of prices, re tailers' stocks have run low Bumper .crops produced at reduced cost, while world scarcity promises good prices, will put consumers in the position and the humor to buy liberally. We may expect merchants to buy accordingly, with the result that the ctly's trade will be- ex panded materially. MARRIAGE AND THE STATE. The declaration - of the supreme court of Oregon that "it is the policy of the state, not to destroy, but to preserve, the status of marriage," might well have been addressed to a good many of the courts of the state, as well as employed in the adjudi cation of a particular case. For ir respective of the merits of any single controversy, it is so well established as to amount to public knowledge that judges in quite too many in stances openly disregard the genius of the law In granting decrees on superficial, even flimsy, pretexts. One of the chief purposes of edu cation is to enable its recipients to view problems in their entirety, . to gain breadth of vision and capacity for understanding the effects of con duct upon people as a whole and not merely upon the selfish desires of Individuals. Most of our social problems would be easy of solution if this wholeness of comprehension were general; and laws and prac tices touching on the institution of marriage, which is the foundation of the modern home, must eventually be determined in that spirit if so ciety is to endure. It is notorious that divorces are being widely granted as mere mat ters of accommodation, and without much thought to the direction in which the whole sad' business is carrying us as a people, and with hardly a thought that in the end free divorce, which is what we seem to be coming to, is fatal to the sanc tity of marriage itself. The grave aspect of the situation lies in the circumstance that marriage is be littled bp making divorce a by-word and a joke. There are courts which need more understanding of the principle laid down, that marriage is' first, and divorce a distant second, in the scheme of the law; and that as the supreme court has sapiently ob served, "it is the policy of the state, not to destroy but to preserve" the status of the former. ROSES AND THISTLES. To eyes long denied the common place wonders of nature, the field, the forest, or the wayside flower, the humblest weed is beautiful. The prisoner of Chillon, in Byron's poem, heard in his solitude the singing of a bird. The notes beat back the darkness of despair and were, to him, the sweetest song in all mortal experience. We do not know what beauty is, or by what spell it binds us, but we do know that beauty is comparative. A correspondent, who seeks to discover why the rose and the lily are more lovely than the thistle, should know that In the wastes of the desert a blooming thistle would be so grateful to the wearied eye as to fulfill all the re quirements of perfect beauty. To the question of what consti tutes beauty no adequate reply can be given; nor to the companion- riddle of why the same soil will nur ture the strange fellowship of weed and flower. Were, one to penetrate the mystery of floral hues, of the alchemy that transmutes loam and sunshine and shower, in the one instance, to royal purple, and in an other to seashell pink, he would be no nearer the secret of beauty than before. For beauty is that which charms the human soul, and that which is perfection to one admirer does not constitute the esthetic stimulant of others. Are not thistles beautiful? There is in ' Oregon a species, stately in form and shining with silver-gray stalk and leaves, that could enter the lists of beauty without argument from any. Even the stout green wayside thistle, with its wine-hued blossoms, is nature's expression of the beautiful. Perhaps we confuse the definition of beauty with our own prejudices, engendered by the strife of hus bandry against those plants and shrubs that contend for every rod of ground. Were you to ask some sorely driven farmer for his esthetic opinion of wild mustard, doubtless he would regard you as one touched by madness. He can perceive no beauty in the floral pest that in vades his fields and yet, where the invasion has driven the wheat to rout; there spreads a field of the cloth of gold. The man who takes up the task of clearing an acre of woodland, and who has cause to know how stubborn is the resistance of the wild rose, cannot be expected to enthuse over its delicate perfec tion of bloom. Yet were the beauty of the wild rose denied by ajiy out spoken iconoclast, and its eradica tion proposed, what protest would arise! There are. however, certain rec ognized standards of floral beauty, and while these in their application do not always, coincide with the in dividual view, they at least prove that rarely is nature's handicraft darkened by ugliness. Behind each different design Is nature's purpose for the individual plant, and though we have in a few instances, obvious enough, divined that purpose and recognized its utility, we are - the most part like unlettered children scanning a picture book. Only this we know, thftt to the mother of all the most unregarded weed is won derful and fraught with beauty. On it, as on the roue and lily, she lav ishes her infinite affection. MHAT THE WAR HAS TAUGHT. The seventh anniversary of the outbreak of the world war finds war still raging in spots, much as flames continue to rise from the scene after a great conflagration has practically burnt itself out. As we survey the world as it is ar.d-compare it with the world of 6even years ago, we realize hov profound are the changes that the war has wrought. Four great despotic empires have been swept away. One has been cut in pieces which have either been joined to neighboring states or con verted into republics. Another has been dismembered, and a fanatical old guard makes a last stand to save a remnant. A third, under a merciless oligarchy and a prey to tyranny, famine and pestilence. Is sinking into anarchy. The fourth, disarmed and shorn of alien terri tory, colonies, fleet and merchant marine, has become a republic and sullenly pays for the havoc it has made. Little better than the plight of the vanquished is that of the victors. All overwhelmed with debt and many with their lands ravaged, some are shaken by internal discord, as they struggle to resume their peace ful vocations, like a convalescent fever patient who makes his first tottering steps. So weak are the victors and so querulous, that they flinch from the task of enforcing their will on the small remnants of the enemy which still resist, and they quarrel as to how this shall be done. Though more deeply In debt than ever before, the United States has emerged with territory untouched by war, with riches increased, with moral and material power un equaled by that of any other na tion. Dismayed at the consequence of having been drawn into an old world war, the people would fain shrink back into their former splen did isolation, but economic depres sion drives home the truth that they cannot prosper amid a world that is ragged and hungry, physically de bilitated, -.. morally weakened.. In order to preserve their own strength, they must transfuse - the blood of their own vigorous body into the weakened bodies of their neighbors, for this nation can prosper only in a world that prospers, can only re main strong amid a family of nations- whose strength It helps to re new, ffhe war has taught us that no nation can live for itself alone. The plan to charge 25 cents for special delivery of a letter may not be so bad, provided it is accom panied by a guarantee that the letter will really be delivered ahead of the one which bears no super stamp. We miss much diversion with our delightful summer temperatures. New York has street bathing parties, with the fire department furnishing the water. Imagine Chief Young "putting out" people that way! That was a resourceful French man who landed on the highest summit of the Alps and made a suc cessful take off returning. Most aviators want a little room for both. Another' farmer has been gored by a bull that was "regarded as a pet." Next to the gun that wasn't loaded the bovine pacifist is the prize de ceiver of them ail. With twenty-two millions on th verge of starvation in Russia and the rest nearing that point, we un dertake a huge task to feed them. They say that, 25,000,000 "reform ers" in Russia are starving to death. The leaders, however, are getting their three squares & day. Iffthat Tacoma concern can make sawdust Into cowfeed. the next 6tep may be a breakfast food with hyp notic cream and sugar. Maybe the reason Judge McCredie seems so reluctant to sell the Beavers is that he hates to admit that he owns them. The art of being a well-dressed woman nowadays appears to consist in paying as much as possible for as little as possible. Two women have embarked on a trip' to the jungles of Africa. Going, perhaps, to get ide-as for new styles in dress. A fur sale in August Is not out of reason. Neither is wearing furs; that's the way their original posses sors did. Oil may make the Osage Indians rich, but they've still got to work out their own recipe for happiness. Russia is threatened by a plague of locusts, doubtless mobilized by the hated capitalistic class. The worst thing about a vacation la getting down to work the day after it is over. And Lord Northcliffe came to this country in search of rest! The soapbox orator is planning to invade Portland. Buyers, here's the city! BY -PRODUCTS OP THE PRESS Current Wages of Apprentice Hold-up Men Set at Slu Per Job. The current New York wages of an apprentice hold-up man are HO a job, according to a confession the police say Gerald Clair, 21, who came here from Colorado, made, says the Globe. The Schulte cigar store at Twenty ninth street and Broadway was held up by two young men at 10 o'clock one night. James Stanton, the clerk, was shoved into a back room by one of the robbers, wbo waved a revolver. The other took the $80 in the register. Stanton notified the police. Four hours later Detective Sergeants Alles and Doyle saw Clair sitting on a bench In Bryant park. He didn't an swer questions to their satisfaction and was taken to the West Thirtieth street station. Clair had $8 on him, including a mended bill. v Stanton was asked if he recalled any special marks on the money taken from the store till and mentioned a torn bill. Clair then was put in the "show-up" with 12 other men and the clerk identified him without hes itation, the police Bay. Later Clair confessed, according to the police. He said he met his com panion in Bryant park the night he arrived here and that the stranger suggested robbery. The first night they held up a United Cigar shop, getting $60. In each case Clair's share was $10, the other man taking the balance as the rightful share of pro moter and skilled Journeyman holdup. E. L. Wanger of Muncie, Terre Haute and Chicago, is held by the fed eral authorities as the meanest man who ever used the mails for the pur pose of fraud. He cruelly deceived fat women who were willing to pay and endure tortures to rid themselvtb of their excess avoirdupois. Wanger, the postal Inspectors as sert, had for two years gone about in the middle west taking $20 a client for physical culture courses he never gave. His method was first to collect the $20 and then tell the plump lady to bend down and touch her toes 2C times every morning until he returned to give her further instructions.' He never returned. All Sacramento is on a still hunt for a demure young woman who gathered in hundreds of half dollars for bulbs guaranteed to grow red, white and blue flowers. Recently she was stationed in front of a K-street restaurant. On a table beside her were bulbs resting in a globe filled with water, and from each bulb tuber arose flowers of won drous tri-colored beauty, balancing on tender stems and enhanced by the peculiarly crystalline aqua pura. It is said the young woman sold hundreds daily for several days. She is said to have been particular to im press, the purchasers that the bulbs must be immersed constantly in pr water and that no results need be ex pected for a fortnight. The weeks have gone, but the bulbs remain as refractory as ever. Most of the flower enthusiasts are throw ing them away. A worn-out little old lady in a dress half green with age started to cross Fifth avenue at Forty-seventh street in New York. Several times she was frightened back by the heavy traffic. The traffic policeman left his post and came to her rescue.. When he had deposited her on the opposite side he, lifted his cap and patted her af fectionately on the arm. A woman Jn the house on the corner watched the incident from a, window. And that evening the policeman got a sub stantial check signed by the former Miss Helen Gould. There were said to be 7,904,271 au tos in use, in the United States last year, according to Capper's Weekly. In 1914 there were only 1.253,034 in use. Ohio ' led last year with 567,000. Pennsylvania was second with 506,085. Illinois was third with 497,318. New York was fourth with 486,262. California was fifth with 421,327. Nevada was last with 8383. Delaware was next to last with 16,600. a If you want to make your room at tractive to flies, paper it in bright yellow, advises the Kansas City Star. They like that color best. They do not seem to care abont blue, green or orange one way or the other. Red they markedly dislike. Houseflies are our most intimate companions, and everything that can be learned about them is worth know ing. Their color preferences have been ascertained by recent elaborate experiments. There are several origins claimed for Yankee Doodle, says the Van couver World. In England under Charles I it was played under the title of "Nankee Doodle." Kossuth, in America, recognized it as an old Hun garian air, and it has been claimed that an old sword-dance of the Bis cayans had the same music. The Americans adopted it because it was to this tune that the British evac uated Boston after the battle of Lex ington. A Pittsburg lady aged 31, who is paying her husband's way through college, found him entertaining an at tractive looking co-ed, and taking off her slipper, gave tlhe young man a spanking. She intends to be both a wife and a mother to him. Capper's Weekly. A society reporter for a New York newspaper reports that at a function at a home in Park avenue three gen erations grandmother, mother and daughter daintily puffed cigarettes after their afternoon tea. -. While some citizens still complain that prohibition doesn't prohibit, Frederick C. Atkins of London, Eng land, who has lately visited America, advises Englishmen to wake up to the fact that "they must compete in trade with a sober nation." Writing in the London Mail, Atkins says we Amer icans seem more alert than he knew us to be when we had all we wanted to drink. He also points out we are demanding better plays since we went "dry"; the tired business man used to stand for any sort of "fluffy" nonsense" on the stage, with' a -ew drinks under his belt. Percy Hammond, who Is coming from Chicago to become dramatic editor of the New York ' Tribune in the fall, was in town the other day, and at a dinner party someone asked him what he intended to call his column of dramatic criticisms, says O. O. Mclntyre in hl3 news letter. He replied that he had not decided, and then a young actress suggested this: "Read "Em and Weep.'? Those Who Come And Go. Talea of Folk at the Hotels. Labor efficiency has greatly im proved during the past year end the employe who was slacking on the job and following the line of least resistance is now glad to work for his money, in the opinion of F. A. Dudley, of Niagara Falls, who is president of the United Hotels com pany, one of the greatest institutions of Its kind in the country. Mr. Dud ley is at the Multnomah. He has been spending some time in the northwest studying tourist and hotel problems. He was the organizer of the Canadian Tours and also the Southern. Tours. His hotel holdings arejn sixteen towns of the country. "The Columbia River highway is all that has ever been said about it" said Mr. Dudley. "I spent all yesterday on the beautiful drive and now em more firmly convinced than ever that Oregon has a wonderful opportunity to establish itself as a mecca for tourists if it will only work. to that end." Portland is a beautiful city and has many scenic spots . of interest to tourists scattered around it. but it hag nothing on Valley Forge, Pa., ac cording to Charles. T. Wellbank of the famous revolutionary day city, who is registered at the "Multnomah. "Not all of the tourists come west." said Mr. Wellbank. "We get a lot of them in Valley Forge. More than 18,000 visited the famous old camp of George Washington's army last year. The old barracks and forts are kept in a constant state of repair so that they may attract people. Many from the west visit Valley Forge each year. There is nothing beautiful about the old scenes to compare with your Oregon beauties, but the spot is historic and people flock to see t." Frank E. ("Boots") Kersey of Dallas has beerl registered at the Im perial for several days. "Boots" knows every man and woman and child in Polk county and has been mixed up in everything that has been done in recent years to advance the Polk county metropolis. His mother is about the only person in Dallas who was ever heard to call Kersey by his right name of Frank. 'Thirty-five years ago, when Kersey was a small boy, his father bought him a new pair of red-topped boots, such as were the style in those days. The youngster proudly walked down the streets displaying his new footwear and some wag shouted, , "Hello, Boots." Since that time Kersey has never been called anything else. "We cannot expect an improve ment in tte lumber business until there is a readjustment of railroad rates," said M. T. O'Connell, lumber man of Winlock, Wash., who is regis tered at the Oregon. "Things are now moving, but slowly. I do not expect a good season next winter in fact I believe it will be pretty hard, not only on the employe but the em ployer. However, when spring comes there should be a great revival in the lumber business. Conditions, par ticularly with regard to rates, should be adjusted by that time. I am em ploying a full crew at my Winlock mills, but at Napavine the plant is closed down and the men are idle." "We are shipping a considerable number of Port Orford cedar logs." says N. H. Larson, of the Port Orford Mill company, who is in Portland on business. "The logs are being shipped to Japan, where they are made up into various things. Ve don't like to sell them to the Japanese, it we need the money. We wouldn't like our cedar to be used for airplanes to be used against us some day al though I guess there isn't much dan ger of that. The logs .re put on board ship from the new wharf which Port Orford has built. For merly the logs were lowered by a steel cable to vessels riding at anchor in the harbor." With the war over and the recon struction well under way many peo ple from England and other Euro pean points are now free to travel. Among the visitors in Portland this week are Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Briggs of Leeds, England. They are regis tered at the Imperial. At the Oregon the register shows the names of Mr. and Mrs. Witte. Hoogendyk. of The Hague, Holland. This is their first trip of any consequence since the early days of the war. While Hol land was not at war, the people of the little country were pretty well bottled up and were unable to go and come as they pleased. C. W. Nibley. president, of the Utah Idaho, Sigar Company of Salt Lake City, is in Portland on a combined business and pleasure trip. Mr. Nib ley, who is one irt the leaders of the Mormon church, has b;en a big fac tor in the sugar industry and has de veloped his company until it is one of the largest in the United States. He Is accompanied by Mrs. Nibley. They were touring around the city yester day, visiting places of scenic interest. Dr.- J. W. Donnelly, good roads en thusiast and resident of Arlington, wbo has been at the Benson for sev eral days, has returned to Eastern Oregon. "I am working to get better roads up through Condon," said Dr. Donnelly. "Good roads .will help any county and there is no part of the state that needs road Improvement more than the section around Con don." Trapshooting is the one thing that will lure M. A. Rickard away from his automobile business In Corvallis. It is his hobby and for years he has been a participant in all the big shoots that have been held In the state. He was registered at the Ore gon yesterday while here to do some shooting at the Portland Gun club. Emll T. Raddant, extensive wheat grower and rancher of Orton, Or., had time Saturday to break away from the activities of harvest and run down to Portland. He is registered at the Multnomah. He brought re ports of bumper crops but does not know what the wheat price is going to be. W. F. Ryder, formerly of Beau mont, Texas, now in the lumber busi ness with the Long Bell Lumber com pany, has returned to the Portland hotel SLfter a month in Weed. Cal. Mr. Ryder is superintending- the con struction of a mill for his company at Kelso, Msh. David Benjamin, vice-president of the Harvey system of railroad res turants, is registered at the Port land . He is accompanied by Mrs. Benjamin and they are spending a vacation in the northwest in effort to escape the heat ot Kansas City, their home. Among the first buyers to arrive in Portland for Buyers' Week was Mary McDonald of Wallace, Idaho. Shewas accompanied by Miss Myrta McKay, a school teacher of Mullan, Idaho. They are registered at the Multnomah. W. J. Sonrad. attorney and lumber broker of Marshfield, is registered at the Benson. He is here attending to matters in connection with his inter ests in the Coos bay country. Walter F. Foster of Seattle, senior member of the advertising sign firm of Foster & Kleiser, is visiting in Portland. He is registered at the Multnomah. rAXTIIER AD MOUNTAIN LIOX Animals So Known In America Are Ideatiral, Foreign Species la Kot. ASTORIA, Or., July 2. (To the Editor.) In answer to a question con cerning the identity of the American cougar and the panther, you say these are the "same animal," but known by- different names. This opinion has grown out of the def initions and descriptions of our lexi cographers, which describe all this class of animals as of the cat species. This is true, and if by the "same animal" is meant just this and noth ing more than this statement is true also. In the same way the statement that the bulldog and the collie are the same animal and the lynx and the wildcat are the same animal. But did you ever hear of anyone buying a bulldog when hunting for a collie because he considered them the same animal, or an experienced hunter ever confounding the lynx and the wild cat as the same animal? Yet the lynx and the wildcat resemble each other the more closely than the real panther and the mountain lion. It Is true that lexicographers give the names of cougar, puma, jaguar, catamount, mountain lion and pan ther: but not all naturalists confound these names in this way, and the statement that between panther, so called, and puma (or mountain lion) there is little difference in form, color and appearance is a mistake. The difference is quite as great as the difference in these respecUj be tween the collie and the bulldog and in much the same way. Strictly speaking, a mountain ltou has the build and head resembling the bull dog, while the panther has a thinner, deeper body, the head of the collie, and they are entirely different in color. Mountain lions are of a yellow tint, while that of the real panther Is a mouse color. Anyone can satisfy his curiosity about this matter if he will visit the next animal show that has a real panther. The panther proper is not found in this country unless it is some where in the swamp Jungles of the south, and if we must have a pan ther to complete our animal menage rie, then the mountain lion is the best selection of the lot; but with equal propriety we could select any of the cat tribe, for .they are all the "same animal" in the same way Just because they are all cats but in no other way can it be truthfully said they are the same. J. H. ACTON. The animal known In America as the panther is properly the puma and Is the same animal as the so called cougar or mountain lion. The animal in America is also colloquially called the "painter." The true pan ther, -as the correspondent states. Is not found in America. He is wrong, however, in supposing that reputabe lexicographers confuse the American panther with the jaguar. The jaguar Is ringed; the American panther. cougar, mountain lion or catamount or, more properly, puma, is not. "I'Ji-AMERICAX" IS OVERWORKED Writer Thinks True Patriots May DK- f on Ceasorithip laauea. PORTLAND. July 27. (To the Edi tor.) In a recent letter to The Ore gonian Roy A. Wright raises objec tions to the efforts made in Portland at censoring movies. "Censorship is un-American," he declares. This argu ment has been somewhat overworked When differing with anyone on a given subject, it is convenient to brand him as un-American. With Ohio, Kansas. Maryland, Pennsyl vania, New York and Massachusetts already having state censorship, ar.d laws pending in 28 other states, it seems somewhat bold to brand the whole proposition as un-American. 1 may differ with these men on a sub Ject under discussion, but I know personally of a number bf pretty good Americans who reside in these states. William A Brady of New York. general manager of several great film concerns, ought to know something about it. At a recent hearing on the subject of film censorship Mr. Brady made one reply which knocked about all the wind out of the sails of auti- censoiship. He was asked if he thought it proper and healthful for a 16-year-old schoolgirl freely to at tend the movies. "1 do not," em phatically replied Manager Brady. "The best censors of motion pic tures are the thinking public them selves," says Mr. Wright. True and among them you will find thousands who Insist on censor ship. The Chicago Journal of Com merce has this to say: There is a certain class of dreamers who believe in "philosophical anarchy" as the true social destiny. They think that re strictions, censorships and prohibitions are aH wrong, and only serve to breed tha thing- they try to suppress. It makes a very irood argument lor parlor mugic, but It has never been a success in practice. It has taken society countless generations of experiment to evolve the contrary the ory. Two years ago Boston had a few days' trial of such a theory, during the policeman's strike. Kven cultured Boston fell an Immediate prey to terrorism and crime let loose. No one would care to rixk living in a community where rubbery and murder were restrained only by the con science of the robber and tha murderer. The argument that public opinion is the best safeguard against crime and inde cency is ail rot. Hot breeds rot. No one In his senses would mix rotten apples with sonnd ones In order that the good ones might cure the bad. The vital danger of bad movies lies In the influence they may exercise over the minds of the young. The youthful mind is very plastic and It has not the strength of experience to throw out a barb wire entanglement against evil Influences. The man who preaches removal of moral re strictions ought logically to believe in the consolidation of the children's home and the pest houtfe. M. A. CHRISTENSEN'a Lutheran Pastor. Bonna for Kx-Srrvice Man. PORTLAND. July 27. (To the Edi tor.) Is an ex-service man entitled to the Oregon bonus, who was born in Portland, whose home is in Port land, who enlisted in San Francisco and was discharged in the same city? He served one year overseas with the, lrth engineers as corporal. On ac ccunt of disability he is now taking vocational training in another state. To whom must he apply In Oregon to receive this bonus? When will the state begin paying the bonus? - ANXIOUS. The ebonus law requires that the recipient, otherwise qualified, shall at the time of entering the service have been a resident of the state of Oregon. The regulations necessary for carrying the law into effect are new being framed by a commission designated under the law. For fur ther particulars write to the world war veterans' state aid commiss'on. Salem, Or. PICTl'KES. My mind has- pictures hidden away. So beautiful, so fair, I would not one of them exchange For a canvas, old and rare. It may be but a baby's face. Or a midnight sky at sea. Or just an old house by a wood That is beautiful to me. Or it may be a sunlit beach As seen from a low-ceiled room. Or the Bouth slope of a wooded hill With columbines in bloom. Or an old trail through sun and shade That winding disappears. Or one man's face now turned to dust These many, many years. AJsNICE CALL AND. More Truth Than Poetry. By James J. Montague. THE POWER OF SYMPATHY. I used to say to Filbert Flynn A lifelong friend of mine When I beheld him hoisting in The ale and beer and wine: "Your love for liquor I deplore As all your friends should do; It won't be very long before Yourt drinking ruins you." My sympathy was most sincere, It really made me sad To see this ale and wine and beer Put Filbert to the bad. My sentiments were wholly free- From any thought of pelf. For when he went upon a spree He paid for it himself. Now things have changed; to my abode --"-" - l ll.i. . I l I:U U L inn, Comes Filbert Flynn, to get a load vu ueer ana wine ana ale. nd still his habits I deplore. For I can Dlainlv see It won't be very Ions- before His drinking ruins me! My sentiments are still sincere; It cuts me like a knife To see my wine and ale and beer Endanger Filbert's life. To watch him, in the demon's clutch A. soaked and sodden sot- Works on my feelings twice as much As when he paid the shot! mm Looking: Ahead. Grover Bergdoll is to bo married. Evidently he expects another war. . . Compfsutien. The only apparent reason for put ting a tariff on lumber is to enable the building grafters to get back the money they paid out in fines. Merely a Suggestion. Why not put some of those idle shipping board vessels into the Ba hama liquor trade? Burroughs Nature Club. Copyright, Hoaghton-Mif flin Co. Can You Anawer These Questions' 1. nat will cure mosquito bites? 2. What can I feed a common mud turtle? Can 1 tame it? 3. Please descrbe the bobolink, also his song, food, nest and color of eggs. Answers In tomorrow's nature notes Ansners to Previous Questions. 1. What are thorns? Thorns are modified shoots growing from buds as leaves and shoots do. They may be simple or branched, in some plants thorns replace stipules, the latter being those embryo leaves, usually in pairs, that clasp the base of the leaf stalk of many plants. . 2. Do fishes live to a great age? Only captive fishes can be kept track of. and unless these are living normally, they would hardly be a test of conditions of a wild fish's existence Some attempt has been made to tag salmon and cod fishes, to get data on their movements, and a tagged fish if caught many years after being re leased, would afford light on that in dividual's longevity, but not on the species. In a professional aquarium scientifically managed, some fishes live a number of years, and some die quickly. A goldfish 17 years old is on record. 3. What do newly hatched native Pheasants feed on. and how does the old hen feed them? Pheasants are altricial birds, that is. are born with down covering, and able to run about after the mother, catching insect food. Domesticated pheasant chicks are allowed to follow their bantam-hen foster mother, to pick up some natural food, and are also fed various combinations hard boiled egg mashed with cracker or dried bread crumbs, bought pheasant meal scalded with hot water, dried ants eggs, dried cottasre cheese and some green stuff like lettuce and chick weed. In Other Days. Fifty Years Akto. From The Oregonian of August 1, 1S71 The new bridse on Fourth street is to be a bridge of height. It will be 52 feet above the water in the suleh. It is enough to make one dizzv to think of it. O. A. Brown came down from Ore gon City yesterday morninar, having gone up there the day before tc capture some stray Indians. He put two of them in Jail for security until the time shall arrive for a general clatawah. People of southern Oregon are still making donations for the sufferers in the recent Yreka fire. It is stated that 1000 laborers are now at work on the railroad between Eugene and Yoncalla. Tveay-FIve Yearn Ago. From The Oregonian of August 1. 3 St6 Madison. Wis. Senator John A Thurston of Nebraska in an address here last night, declared that William J. Bryan. democratic presidential nominee, is a paid agent for the fret silver combine. Southampton. Ensland Samue: Clemens (Mark Twain , with his wife and daughter arrived today on the steamer Norman from Table Kay, Cape Colony, Several of the curbstone gambling fraternities, whose vice consists ir. playing the nickel-in-slot machines, are complaining bitterly, because they allege that dealers are doctoring the machines. There is a vigorous forest fire burn ing on the hills northwest of the city which sends a column of smoke across the northern horizon so thick that the lower Willamette is obscured. DI.IMt. Silent, he taps his careful way. And vaguely pushes with his cant aside. Uncertain fears; And pausing, lifts his face A moment, to the wandering air. To feel the freshness of its child like play; While mirthful birds but mock his sunless day; Oh weary drought of sightless eyes! Where tears that dew our lesser griefs, are dried; Oh soul, with darkness over all your skies. Is God alight in all. yet one denied "Let there be light!" through primal darkness deep. Earth heard the eternal word and rose from sleep: Old ocean, groping, swayed ia angry flace ; Then felt the spirit's fingers on his . face; And flung aside, with mighty arms the night. And joyous, leaped to greet immortal light. "Receive thy sight!" Christ called unto the blind: And new-found day left sightless dark behind. "I am the light! 1 s'.ay and I make whole" And light, divine, undying, rose with in man's soul! MART ALETHEA WOODWARD. i ITFI i r"7