10
TUB MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, JULY 1, 1921
ESTABLISHED BY HENRY L. PITTOCK.
Published by The Oreeonlan Publishing Co.
Jio H.xih Street. Portland. Grenon.
C. A. MORDES. K. B. PIPER.
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TOR MEXICO'S rXTlMATE GOOD.
The death of Dr. Luis M. Drago,
former, minister of foreign affairs of
Argentina, recalls the doctrine of In
ternational law -which bears his
came, and furnishes an Incidental
xplanation of the problem now con
fronting Secretary Hughes in con
nection with recognition of the Ob
regon administration in Mexico. For
prior to the time that the so-called
Drago doctrine was promulgated. It
was widely accepted as a prin
ciple of international law that na
tions might assume the right to en
force collection of debts due their
citizens in foreign countries, even
though the laws and the courts of
euch countries had denied relief, and
the mere fact that this right was
sometimes assumed usually fore
stalled the necessity for exercising
It.
The practice of enforcing collec
tion of private debts by public force
was a relic of the period when the
tew nations possessing responsible
governments were beginning to ex
pand their commerce, and when the
laws of trade were nebulous. The
young republics of South America
acquired a peculiar interest In the
Issue because, while the means of
obtaining civil Justice were imper
fectly developed by them, a prime
essential of national existence was
recognition of their sovereignty.
Argentina, among the first of the
Latin-American nations to acquire
an understanding of the principles
of equity, was the natural leader In
the movement to insist that foreign
ers who made Investments within
the borders of a country did so at
their own pecuniary risk.
The forerunner of Dr. Drago was
Dr. Carlos Calvo, also an Argen
tinan, a distinguished international
lawyer, who held that a state had no
right to take up the claims of its
citizens against the citizens or the
government of another state, even
as a matter of diplomatic action.
The Calvo doctrine was modified by
Dr. Drago to the extent that the
latter conceded the propriety of dip
lomatic representations, although
flatly denying the right to use mili
tary force for the collection of a
private debt or the amelioration of a
private grievance. Dr. Drago pre
sumed that investors entered into
foreign dealings intelligently and
witn aue consideration oi. local con
ditions, and that they were bound by
suich provisions, or want of pro
visions, for administering Justice as
obtained in each country. Dr. Calvo
denied utterly the right to Inter
vene for any cause. Dr. Drago
was willing to allow diplomatic in
tervention, although not military
force, after the complainant had ex
hausted other resources. Including
arbitration, and when it should be
apparent to the complainant's gov
ernment that substantial justice had
been denied.
The Drago doctrine has been ac
cepted by the United States for some
years. The International Conference
Of American States at Rio de Ja
neiro in 1906, In which the United
States participated, agreed to take
no military or naval action to com
pel the payment-of debts until an
offer of arbitration had been made
by the creditor and refused or left
unanswered by the debtor, or until
arbitration had taken place and the
debtor state had failed to conform
to the declaration given.
The bearing of this sequence of
events upon recognition of the Ob
regon government in Mexico is due
. to the provision of the new constitu
tion of Mexico which declares that
the subsoil deposits underlying all
lands shall belong to the state, and
that the provision shall be retroac
tive. All holders of oil lands are
concerned with this retroactive fea
ture, since it would confiscate their
. property. It is not denied that the
original investments were made In
food faith, on the express invitation
of the Mexican government to all
foreign investors, or that the Mexi
can laws of 18S4 and 1907 speci
fically provided that mineral fuels
extracted from the subsoils should
be the property of the private owner
of the land surface. It is also con
ceded that petroleum is a much
needed commodity in the United
States, not only for private use but
also for present and future military
purposes.
If then acceptance of the Calvo-
T)rnfrr rlrr-trin npprl n rl e rArtrr tn
extreme measures to correct the ob
vious injustice of a retroactive and
confiscatory provision of the Mexi
can constitution. It is desirable that
the effective methods of diplomacy
and persuasion shall be employed to
the best advantage possible to ob
tain an adjustment of the trouble
some issue in advance. For the
principle of retroaction and confis
cation, having been established In
one instance, might easily become
vexatious in others, and it is no
small part of the scheme of develop
ment and pacification of Mexico
that its laws shall embody the prin
ciple of stability, for the benefit of
Mexicans no less than that of aliens.
The issue of formal - recognition of
the Obregon government, therefore,
furnishes an opportunity to obtain a
full understanding. That Obregon
himself recognizes the force of this
is reasonably deducible from his re
cent statement that among the pub
lic issues to be considered by th
congress of Mexico would be "the
regulation of article 27 of the con
- tfULuUon," .which. I emulation, "doubt
less will be based on a broad spirit
of equity in which endeavors will be
made not to make its dictates con
fiscatory, nor to give it a retroactive
Interpretation."
MR. TAFT FOR CHIEF JUSTICE.
Mr. Taft as chief Justice will be a
distinguished accession to the su
preme bench. It would be unfair
and unjust to other eminent lawyers
to say that Mr. Taft's was the only
appointment which would have as
sured the maintenance of the high
prestige of the court, but in the
circumstances it was the most suit
able that could be made. There was
a conjunction of known fitness with
a general national desire for the
Taft nomination. It would have been
a distinct slight upon Mr. Taft for
the president to select any other;
and it would have affronted the pub
lic sense of right and justice. Has
not President Harding committed
himself to the policy of putting the
best minds in high place? He has
done well heretofore in his great
appointments; and he has made no
exception here.
Mr. Taft must necessarily cease
the activities which have kept him
in a place of unofficial national
leadership in many things. In that
sense? his retirement to the bench
will be a loss. He has attained his
greatest heights of public confidence
and esteem as a private citizen who
had no personal or political interest
to serve, and who spoke his mind
exactly as he pleased. Within proper
limits he will doubtless do the same
as chief Justice. Thus he should be
able to crown an honest and even
noble career.
PROFANITY AND WORK.
General Dawes has undertaken a
man's-size job a superman's, to
use a much abused term. The task
of General Dawes is to find out,
first, why the United States govern
ment costs so much money, and, sec
ond, how to eliminate waste, excess,
extravagance, duplication. To state
the second is to explain the first.
The United States through Its
bureau chiefs and department heads
and all the enormous array of ad
ministration talent, spends vast sums
of money because congress appro
priates them; and congress has ap
propriated because it has not had
the will to resist the demands of
the departments, which have made
up their respective budgets on, the
basis of getting all they could.
A private business bases its ex
penditures on its income, actual or
probable. If it .follows any other
system, 'it goes bankrupt. But there
is a different rule-ln public business.
The average public official estimates
his outgo on what he wants to do.
Then he arranges for his income,
which is limited only by the will
ingness and ability of the taxpayer
to pay. The public cow is running
dry, and the milkers have got to be
restrained somehow.
General Dawes is as well aware
as anybody that the great problem
of reducing public expenses is not
to be solved through the mere
medium of a copious and pictur
esque vocabulary of profanity. But
the public does not object to his
exercise of his undoubted talent for
expletive. The general has put into
words Just what the people feel. As
a preliminary to real work. It is well
that the attention of the job-holders
be enlisted. Probably they know
that General Dawes means business.
Certainly the nation wants him to
accomplish what he has set out to
do. '
THE FARCE OF THE GERMAN TRIALS.
It is not easy to find fault with
the decision of the high German
court that Lieutenant-Commander
Neumann, who torpedoed the Brit
ish hospital ship Dover Castle, was
guilty of no crime against the Ger
man law, inasmuch as he was acting
under orders from his superiors. Its
logic is complete and unassailable,
and the case of the German officer
is strengthened by every fact of
common knowledge that we possess
concerning the German system, of
which the torpedoing of .the hospital
ship was the product. Let us. In all
fairness to Neumann, though he was
the actual perpetrator of a crime
abhorrent to civilized men, consider
what his alternative would have
been.
First, he might have flatly re
fused to obey the order, in which
even In all probability he would
have been charged with insubordi
nation, found guilty and shot, and
another more pliable officer chosen
for the . task upon which the ad
miralty had set its mind. Second,
he might have accepted the assign
ment given him and have purposely
bungled the job, which would have
been only a temporary evasion of
the issue and would have proved
nothing. Third, he might have com
mitted suicide a refuge not without
precedent but not a popular one.
On the other hand, the entire back
ground of the deed which Neumann
committed but for which others
were morally responsible, is the sys
tem which the German militarists
designedly built up. The fact of
supreme importance In the case is
the official admission that the tor
pedoing of a hospital ship was or
dered by the representatives of the
German government. To have made
Neumann the scapegoat would have
satisfied only the most primitive re
quirements. But it will be some
thing to the world that the guilty
character of the act has been ad
mitted that the defendant made no
effort to justify the deed itself, but
was forced to adopt the plea he did.
But if the comparative underlings
in the German organization were
answerable only to German law,
which they had no voice in framing,
those higher up cannot plead that
they were not responsible for mak
ing that law what it was, and they
ought to be called to account, for It
was at their own peril that they set
their own laws against the standards
of the civilized world. The whole
scheme of f rightfulness was pred
icated on the notion that it was
necessary to victory; falling of vie
torv it lost its only possible justifi
cation; In defeat it was not even the
sorriest kind of opportunism. It
ought to be easier now to ascertain
who gave Neumann the orders .in
question, or who determined autnor
itatively that hospital ships were to
be destroyed, and if these individ
uals are placed on trial, not even the
contention that they were acting un
der "German law" ought to avail
them. For according to German
law, they should have won the war,
and they did not win it, and they
are automatically thrown back upon
the law of nations as it stood before
they meddled with it. But perhaps
If Von Tirpitz'were brought to book
ta would, plead that he received his
orders from the emperor, who Is
now safe in Holland. Would the i
plea avail him? Only If It be con
ceded, which it will not be, that
there was not a deep-rooted system,
beyond even the Raiser's control,
which in the last analysis was to
blame for the whole lawless German
policy.
As has been suggested, a lieutenant-commander
more or less, in
prison or out of It, does not bulk
very largely In the scheme of pen
alties for -the outrages of the war.
Something has been gained by the
extraction of a confession that of
ficial Germany deliberately violated
all law. That we shall enjoy the
benefit of witnessing the punish
ment of the official of ultimate re
sponsibility is probably more than
ought to be expected; but Germany
cannot hope to rehabilitate Itself in
the confidence of the world until
something like this is done. The
German trials on the whole have
been farcical, but not more so than
might have been supposed. They
have, however, opened the eyes of
the world to the vanity of some pre
tensionsamong them the idea, that
frightfulnesa can under any con
ceivable circumstances be made 'to
pay.
KOSTH DAKOTA REAPS.
Generally speaking, and excepting
the swindler who forfeits while he
gains, only those who are deserv
ing of confidence receive It. A hard
rule, but a just one. As though
turned by the lathe of logic for no
other purpose; It fits the present
financial embarrassment of North
Dakota, the state which opened its
arms to the non-partisan league.
Heralded as the panacea for eco
nomic '"s- and guaranteed to pro
mote prosperity and vigorous bank
balances, it has long been notorious
that the league induced stringent
times and complete financial bald
ness. Flatter than any post-marital
pancake, with the doleful "tunk" of
a deflated dream, the league bogged
down on the prairie state and
smothered a score of banks. "All
Is not lost," quoth the financiers of
the commonwealth, "we will float a
bond Issue."
That was months .ago, and still
persuasively worded advertisements
appeal to a laggard public. North
Dakota's offering of $3,000,000 In
6 percent bonds, backed by $3,
000,000,000 worth of state resources,
including 17.000,000 acres of farm
lands, is made to an unresponsive
audience of investors. These have
no money to risk on the future of
a state that has espoused Townley
ism, and by the wildest of socialistic
experiment cast away its jewel repu
tation. Having sowed the wind. North
Dakota Is reaping the whirlwind.
And not until the state is purged of
political error will the harvest Im
prove. ONE OF NAPOLEON'S MISTAKES.
The death of Charles Joseph
Bonaparte, who was secretary of the
navy and also attorney-general In
the cabinet of President Roosevelt,
is a reminder of a romantic episode
in the Napoleonic era, linking the
American republic with the declin
ing monarchial system of Europe,
and inviting speculation as to what
the course of history would have
been if fate had decreed that the
grandmother of this American poli
tician and statesman should become
the wife of Napoleon Bonaparte, the
man of iron nerve and boundless
ambition. Instead of, for a brief
period, the consort of his weak
younger brother Jerome. For there
is common agreement among his
torians that Elizabeth Patterson,
whose son by her marriage with, the
younger Bonaparte was the father
of Charles Joseph Bonaparte, would
have made a fit spouse for the great
emperor himself.
Elizabeth Patterson, the daughter
of a Baltimore merchant, became, a
little more than a century ago, one
of the most famous women in the
world. She was born four years
before the original government of
the United States was organized by
the thirteen states. As her most
sympathetic biographer, Eugene
Didier, has pointed out, she lived to
see the republic, which had not ex
isted at the time of her birth,
become a nation with a population
of fifty millions. Although the
obscure daughter of an obscurer
democracy, she became the sister-in-law
not only of Napoleon but of
the half dozen kings and queens
whom that Imperial despot placed
upon the thrones of Europe. Had
not Napoleon Bonaparte's own mis
guided conception of political ex
pediency led him to oppose the un
ion of his brother with the untitled
but brilliant American girl, and if
instead he had welcomed the op
portunity then given him to form
an alliance with brains rather than
with the decadent incapacity of an
effete Institution that contributed
neither intellect nor character to the
working out of his own vast scheme,
the history of Europe might have
been written differently. It is an
intriguing theme for speculation.
Madame Patterson herself never
saw the great Napoleon. What
might have come to pass if she had
had an opportunity to plead her
cause and that of her child in person
with the ruler of France suggests
another fruitful field for those who
like to construct romance out of the
might-have-been. For the Impell
ing personality of Madame Bona
parte was recognized by all w-ho
knew her in the brilliant circle of
admirers and sympathizers in which
she moved for more than half a
century. Napbleon, if he had been
wiser than he was, would have made
her his ally and adviser. The
princess of Wurttemberg, whom he
secured as wife for his brother after
he had compelled the latter to dis
card his American spouse, added
nothing to the political advantage
or to the glory of the Napoleonic
reign.
On the Intimate, personal side
there Is nothing that we can admire
in the Bonaparte whose wife Eliza
beth Patterson became. That he
was deeply in love with her is con
ceded by all who knew the history
of the affair; that she was his supe
rior in all that goes to make up
character is equally not to be dis
puted. But Jerome showed the base
metal of which he was made when
"he was confronted by Napoleon him
self. Though he strove for delay in
meeting his strong-willed brother
and vowed eternal fealty to Eliza
beth so long as he was under the
influence of her presence, he was
but clay in the hands of Napoleon
when he met the latter face to face.
Jerome's lax morality, his unfortun
ate temperament and his total want
of resolution led him to consent to
' o final repudiation and divorce.
Notwithstanding the action of the
French tribunal, however, Madame
Bonaparte was separately divorced
by a court in Maryland and per
mitted to resume her maiden name.
The insignificant Jerome a short
time afterward espoused the Prin
cess Frederica Catherine, but not
until he had made at least two other
unsuccessful attempts to persuade
a European princess to share his
lot.
As the wife of Napoleon, instead
of Jerome, observes Didier, "her wit,
beauty and ambition would have
helped him to rise, while her prud
ence, commbn sense and practical
wisdom would have taught him
when to stop in his dazzling career.
She would have exercised that good
Influence over him which Josephine
was too timid and Maria Louise too
silly to attempt." This estimate in
ail probability Is not extravagant.
With what bitter satisfaction must
she have seen Napoleon defeated at
last in his own aims! "When she
knew Jerome," says a historian,
"shorn of his (nock grandeur and
kingship, bankrupt, dishonored, a
fugitive upon the face of the earth,
she must have dreamed how, with
herself as his queen, her brain, her
will, her ambition might have
shaped his career far otherwise."
And the life of Betsy Patterson is a
perpetual reminder of one of the
gravest errors that Napoleon Bona
parte ever made.
CAS TOT7 SWIM?
Save when It Is white and tur
bulent, or glassy-smooth and swift,
with dark eddies, water wears a
pleasing aspect and calls to us in
friendly manner. And that Is why,
doubtless, so many persons yield up
their lives to an unregarded peril.
For any lake or stream, however
placid and pleasant, is in its depths
a deathtrap for the unwary. When
summer comes to the Oregon coun
try, and folk refuse the town for the
favor of country scenes, scarcely a
week passes without its drowning.
Example' does not teach caution
when the lure of the water whispers
of coolness and delight. Bather and
canoeist alike assume the hazard
once too often and the water wins
its tragic forfeit.
Now the obvious lesson to be de
rived from these fatalities is that all
should learn to swim, or at least
that those who cannot swim, and
with competence, should avoid the
risk attendant on water sports.
There is in Portland, we are re
minded, a seven-year-old girl who
wears in juvenile pride the lettered
badge: "I swim one mile." So we
preceive that It is not all a question
of thews and stamina, but rather
one of expertness to be mastered
by children something, when it Is
learned, almost as natural as walk
ing. There are few adults, however,
who can swim a mile, and many to
whom only a yard or so of deep
water means disaster. These latter
folk, utterly unlearned in swimming,
or equal only to a few cliimsy
strokes, furnish by far the larger
proportion of fatalities.
One may well inquire whence
comes this foolish serenity that
sends canoeists, unable to swim,
blithely forth to their favorite sport,
or urges unskilled swimmers beyond
their depth. Folk who would pale
at any ordinary peril, such as a
careless lout with a loaded rifle, or
a car driven too rapidly, laugh
light-heartedly as they dare the far
more deadly danger of drowning,
not only participating in the risk
themselves, but . urging others to
assume it. The conclusion is not
to be dodged that there Js danger
enough for the seasoned swimmer in
water-sports, in the element of risk
that is ever present, without others
engaging to pilot canoes or experi
ment at bathing in treacherous
depths. Admitting that the non
sense lines have been too frequently
quoted, but insisting that here at
least they point a warning to the
unskilled, the familiar verse . de
mands repetition:
Mother, may I so out to swim ?
. -O yes. -my darling daughter;
' Hans your clothes on a hickory limb
But don't go near the water!
Thirty thousand sacks of cold
storage, onions are to be dumped In
San Francisco because they cannot
be sold or given away. Fifteen
thousand boxes of apples may share
their fate. That looks like a wicked
waste of food, but It Is easier to talk
about a remedy than to put one Into
effect.
The Italian cabinet is 'out again.
If the Italians want someone on the
job who can stick, there's Burleson,
who is just about due in their coun
try on his world tour.
Thirty miles an hour on a paved
country road is not dangerous speed
If conditions fit, but only a foolish
driver will chance fatality when the
going is not perfect.
The Vancouver judge who ordered
a couple seeking freedom to live
apart In adjoining houses is evident
ly depending on a modified propin
quity to do a lot.
A New Tork nreacher has decided
to attend the Dempsey-Carpentier
light because ne ieeis it to oe nia
"duty." Not every man finds duty
so easy. ' . .
If the last' hope of tie preventers
is pinned to Governor Edwards,
there will tie a fight. If Edwards is
not present he will be an exception.
Tex RIckard might put Dr. Crafts
In the press box tomorrow and let
the good gentleman see how little
debasing scientific work can be.
To the puzzled onlooker the police
department appears to have more
trouble cleaning out its moral squad
than cleaning up the city.
For lack of funds the cruiser Sa
lem cannot be sent to Astoria for
the Fourth. Poor old government!
Somebody pass the hat.
But then if a big fight were not
held once in a while, how would all
these experts and special writers pay
their income taxes?
Stlllman's memory is poor, nat
urally. One recalls only the first
and the last, where the number is
great.
Haywood is learning that freedom
in Russia is worse than prison life
can be in this country.
Everybody matched Taft's smile
when hearing of his nomination.
Getting ready for the three-day
vacation?.
The Listening Post.
Canada Has Many Phases of la
terest. -
THE SCOUT has been away on va
cation, an early season one. and
the chances are that he will put in
some warm days this summer with
nothing to look forward to. But that
is one of the things that have to be
taken into consideration when draw
ing for place, and anyhow, he had his
and a good one. The Scout hones
that the Listening Post was missed
while he was away and that it can
be made a better one now that he is
back.
Intense rivalry exists in "Victoria
between public sightseeing busses
and the private cars. As the boats
come into the inner harbor the mega
phone men swing into action. Perched
on some vantage point, the first spells
the attractions of the city, extolling
the service extended by the private
cars. "Ride in comfort, see the city
in style, get back in time," he urges.
'Take the sightseeing busses," the
rumbling basso with the huge horn
then counters, "they are built high
and from their seats you can look
over the walls and hedges into the
private grounds of the old English
families. The busses were made for
this purpose; don't ride low and only
see the trees."
One of the -vagaries of northern
travel at this time is the question of
exchange, to which It is doubtful If
Americans w'll ever get accustomed.
Discount rates vary, according to
banks, from 14 per cent down to 11,
but your Canadian merchant tries to
take American money at face and
your Alaskan or American merchant
cuts the Canadian specie 20 per cent
as a usual rule. It is exasperating.
The tourist goes out and buys $200
in Portland, before starting on the
trip, for $175 and pats h'mself on the
back, and then later finds that if his
funds do not last out that he has to
bargain and barter with all manner
of sharks who have evidently studied
Ponzl tactics to excellent advantage.
An observing girl going across
from Victoria to Vancouver began to
notice things out of the ordinary. She
had Just seen a man's key ring. It
contained a combination bottle open
er and corkscrew, a handy little ar
ticle seldom carried in the states.
In Victoria as a party of tourists were
stocking up with post cards, a man
nvaded the store asking for a pocket
corkscrew. It was the opening day
of the provincial prohibition act. He
had a brown paper bundle under his
arm, out of which protruded two lean
bottle necks. The proprietor lost a
sale, but made a note to stock up on
corkscrews, a new demand.
Skagway is but the shell of its for
mer self. True the buildings yet
stand that accommodated an assorted
populace of some 16,000, but last year
the 'directory men gave the town a
population of but 400.
Gasoline is (1 a gallon, but most
everything else, except perishable,
such as fresh vegetables, etc., is on
nearly the same level as further
south.
An -amusing: sign is borne by the
encrusted window of what evidently
was once a prosperous merchandise
establishment. Some wag, with
graphic forefinger, has scratched
thereon liTthe grime:
"This window ' washed April 19,
1901."
-
F. P. Macnamara, a newspaper man
of Vancouver, formerly of The Ore
gonlan staff, came up for the usual
Interview.
"What did you notice In Vancouver
that is different from what you saw
in Portland?" was his contribution.
"The length of the women's skirts,"
came in fast repartee from the Scout.
''Too short! We, know, but then
what can we do about it?"
And he nearly cashed in his checks
when Informed that they did not
know in the Dominion what a scant
skirt really meant.
Up in Vancouver, Norcross of the
World, who ranks as the "Grand Ava
lanche" of the Order of Glaciers,
wanted to know if Bill Strandborg,
the "Big Slide" of the order, was yet
ir. Portland. It appears that Norcross
and Bin were members of a party
that toured the northern parks as
guests of the Great Northern railroad
some years back, and they were
among the chosen for titles when the
exclusive fraternity was formed on
an Ice bridge over a glacier, high up
on the continent's backbone.
In Skagway, the town made famous
by "Soapy" Smith, is a soft-drink
fountain and ornate bar bearing the
trade mark of the Blumauer-Frank
Drug company of Portland. The
owner sells newspapers and has some
from Seattle and other towns in his
racks, but none from Portland. Asked,
he said:
"Yes, I handle The Oregonian, but I
sell them as soon as I get them in.
e e
And a woman on the boat going to
wards Canada was heard to" remark
to her husband:
"You get a permit and I'll get a
divorce."
Quite some ultimatum that, when
50 cents pays for a permit after sev
eral years of drought.
The standard honeymoon of the
east always has Niagara falls in its
itinerary. In the northwest British
Columbia occupies a similar position.
"Cooing doves" are much in evidence.
They forget their meals and do not
seek acquaintance with their fellow
passengers.
Though British Columbia is "wet,"
through the medium of the govern
ment liquor venders, the W. C. T. U.
is yet In evidence. Though para
doxical a covey of the "white ribbon-
ers" were in session at Victoria on
the day that the province went offi
daily over to the liquor forces.
THE SCOUT.
OREGON MEADOW LARK.
Bright, Jolly clown!
Within the spangled ring
Of summer song;
Who, darting on the meadow tent.
Turns his gay somersault of laugh
lng notes.
And mocks the cunning skill of wiser
throats.
But for a moment is his laughter
lent;
Then clover curtains hide his vanish
ing.
Ohr careless conjuror of mirth.
God loves the pleasure makers of his
earth:
r MARY ALE THE A WOODWARD,
Those Who Come and Go.
Tsles of Folk at the Hotels.
"Five boys went to sea one day, and
four of them went ashore, for they
could not stand what the sea demands
when the wind begins to roar," quoth
Captain T. J. Macgenn, reciting the
opening lines of his latest epic, "The
.Making of a Sailor Man." Captain
Macgenn, who shipped as a lad in
1875, is the bard of the Pacific and in
cidentally skipper of the good steamer
Rose City, now In port. The skipper
is anchored at the Perkins. It is the
private opinion of Castain Macgenn,
publicly expressed, that Samuel Tay
lor Coleridge, author of "The Ancient
Mariner." was a rotten poet and that
alleged classic is full of Inaccuracies,
all of which the master of the S. S.
Rose City Is prepared to enumerate
eerlatum and also one by one. As for
the late William Shakespeare, the
versatile sea-dog Insists that he is
far from being modern, and the cap
tain admits that he has got it over the
Bard of Avon on nautical verse. The
magnum opus of Captain Macgenn is
"Caesar," a trifle of some 60,004) or
80,000 words, which contains not only
a description of the Olympic games,
but gives some inside dope on Cleo
patra, the vampire of the Nile. If
M. Antony only knew what the skip
per has revealed about Cleo, ancient
history would not have been written
as it is. Captain Macgenn began his
career as a boy in the clipper ships
not the "Flying Cloud" and those
craft, but the clippers of the mid
seventies, which cut through the
waves speedily and could still carry
a large cargo. After beating up a
bucko mate and a ship's carpenter or
two. Captain Macgenn developed into
a husky lad and 'n the course of time
became master of sail and steam, with
a license to skipper the largest craft
afloat. "But only a few boys can
stand the gaff," observed the cap
tain, "and that's shown in my poem
of 'Five boys went to eea one day
and four, of them went ashore.' That's
the percentage."
The exhibition of the manly art of
seir-defense, which is to be staged
in Choisey City tomorrow, has become
the chief topic in the hotel lobbies.
Sentiment appears to favor Mons.
Carpentier, the challenger, although
ithe chaps who want to bet money are
placing their beans on Mr. DemDsev.
Of all the local hotel habitues the one
wnois most perturbed is George Mc
Kay, former postmaster of Water
man, Or., at the Perkins. Mr. McKay
wanted to go to sea the fight, but It
has been his practice for many years
to attend the world chamnionshio
series, and the two "events come too
close together to iustifv two trlna.
If Mr. Dempsey doesn't win, the clerks
ana bellboys will have to eat short
rations for several weeks. They are
betting On the weight and reach of
tne American, but the average patron
of the hotels is boosting for, if not
Detting on. the Frenchman. A. E.
Edwards, who makes ice machines in
Seattle, arrived at the Hotel Portland
from the east yesterday. He says he
saw Mons. Carp two weeks ago and
he predicts that the Frenchman will
win. As one of Mr. Demnsey's ner
sonal friends is a regular visitor at
the Hotel Portland and has been ad
vocatlng that pugilist, the house staff
doesn t know what to do.
Attending the tri-state medical con
vention is Dr. J. C. Smith of Grants
Pass. The doctor Is also a state sen a
tor and has served in the legislature
longer than any other member. He is
usually founa on the ways and means
committee, so that he has an inten
sive knowledge of the needs and de
mands of the various public institu
tions which ask for appropriations
every two years. Dr. Smith has been
mentioned as a possible appo'ntee for
the position of collector of customs
at Portland, but. . in discussing the
subject yesterday the doctor said that
he hasn't anything definite in the
way of news from Washington, D. C.
Mike Dukek returned to his Fossil
home last night well satisfied with
his experience with the state highway
commission. He received assurance
that the section of the John Day
highway between Fossil and Cum
mings hill will be advertised for
grading and rocking at the July meet
ing. This Is a two-mile strip. The
commislon also promised to have ad
vertised for next year's work the road
between Butte creek and Service
creek. Mr. Dukek is one of the com'
raissioners of Wheeler county.
There is one business man who
isn't a pessimist, and he is Tom Nolan
merchant of Corvallis. "Our business
this year, up to June 1, was 100 per
cent of that of last year up to the
same date," said he. Mr. Nolan at'
tributes this satisfactory result to the
Oregon Agricultural college. The
Corvallis merchant came to town
last week to play golf, but says that
he has never In his life been able
to make nearly as good a showing
as the champions did. Mr. Nolan is
at the Hotel Portland.
E. H. Smith, judge of Lake county,
is in the city to represent his county
at the highway meeting. He Is In
terested in the location of a road
fmm Lakevlew north toward Bend
The line may hit the central Oregon
highway Instead of connecting at
La Pine with The Dalles-California
highway. Judge Smith will remain
in town to attend the meeting of
the tax Investigation commission, of
which he is a member.
C. G. McKy of Corvallis received
a present from the highway com
mission yesterday afternoon. With
his associates. Messrs. Horning and
Mine. ha bid on the Tum-Tum
Phltwood section of the Corvallis-
v.wnnrt hiehway to grade 9.71 miles.
The bid was held up Wednesday, but
yesterday the commission decided to
award it. The Job is for something
less than $60,000.
Celestine J. Sullivan of San Fran
cisco, of the league to conserve public
health, is registered at the Multno
mah. Mr. Sullivan was formerly sec-
rctan of the state republican com
mlttee in California during the first
Roosevelt campaign.
S. A. K. W. Brown of San Francisco,
who is interested in politics in "the
citv . is an' arrival at the Hotel Port
land and has been hobnobbing with
some democratic headliners.
'John D. McGowan, fish surgeorr of
Ilwaco. Wash., is at the Hotel Port
land. He conducts one of the oldest
salmon packing establishments on the
lower river.
Dr. Dean Lewis, chief of the chair
of surgery of the Rush medical col
lege of Chicago, is In the city at
tending the doctors' convention. He
is registered at the Multnomah.
John C. Kendall of Marshfleld is
registered at the Benson. He is in
town to talk road matters with the
highway commission.
At Kerry. Or., B. A. Eldred Tnanu
factures telephone poles. Mr. Eldred
is in Portland on business and is
registered at the Perkins.
L. L. Peetz of Moro, one of the
county commissioners of Sherman
county, is registered at the Imperial.
C. E. McLane. who is the chief of
police at Grants Pass, is among the
arrivals at the Perkins.
! Burroughs Nature Club.
Copyright. HeggktOB-MltflW Co.
Can Yon Aaswer These Questional
1. What are fairy rings?
2. Do rattlesnakes eat snakes?
3. Can swans sing? What Is meant
by a swan song?
Answers in tomorrow's Nature
Notes.
Answers to Previous Question.
1. Of what use Is a drone? Does a
drone take any part In the fertiliza
tion or the hatching of the queen
bee's eggs?
The drone is essential to the queen's
ability to lay fertilized eggs. She can.
oezore mating, lay unfertilized eggs
that develop into drones, but her
power to lay fertilized eggs, produc
ing worker bees depends on her hav
ing mated with a drone. Oddly
enough, even after mating, the queen
can at will lay either kind of egg.
thus keeping the swarm supplied
with both workers and drones.
z. What snakes are there in the
United States that are capable of cap
turing and devouring an animal as
large as a small rabbit?
Several varieties or rattlesnakes
will eat a rabbit, as the banded, diamond-back
and western diamond. The
pilot black snake does also, as do the
pine and bull snakes (constrictors)
and the deadly moccasin snake.
3. At what rate do the following
birds fly goldfinch, catbird, ground
sparrow, wild canary, robin, blue
bird, vesper, sparrow and house wren?
There Is no authentic statement on
the average rate of speed for most
birds, even the United States biologi
cal survey stating that no real data
is available to judge by. It is rougn
ly estimated that In the northward
migration In spring the smaller land
birds do not go faster than 20 miles
an hour in daylight, but that they
can fly a little faster at night.
WHY DO GIRLS LEAVE HOSIEl
Writer Thinks Cause Are Natural
and Cperate Well in Itae End.
PORTLAND, June 30. (To the Edi
tor.) People who try to answer the
riddle, "why do girls leave home?"
generally make much cry about little
wool. Girls leave home for one or
ore of the following reasons: To
make more money, to escape what
they consider parental harshness, to
get more pleasure and excitement out
of life. How these incentives are to
ho kent from ODeratlng within the
soul .of a healthy, energetic aarins
srirl IVhave never yet eeen effectively
outlined in the proposals of any of the
reformers. I do not believe that any
f their schemes really will woric.
The motives cited cannot be ODiit
eritud smont the healthy and adven
turous. Those wno nave nciiuer
health nor daring'and whose parents
are poor may be counted on to stay
at home. But we may be sure that
thev will never arrive anywhere, be
it either good or baa. xney are just
"Ktirkers." and as sucn tney nat
urally stick. The so-called wayward
girl is simply in most cases a more
healthy and courageous girl with a
stronger taste of life than the girl
who. vear in and year out, is satis
fied with and accents a never-ending
drudgery and a dull, colorless, joyless
existence.
The number of runaway girls is
bound to increase from year to year,
despite the disappearance of the
saloon and the tolerated Drotnei,
which a few years ago were said to
be the great lures. One cause to re
duce the number of runaways would
be a decline in the vigor and spirit of
girls in America, but of this I see no
evidence. Young women now have
more opportunities than ever to make
their way in the world. ThinK of tne
chance for employment opened in the
past ten or fifteen years. Think also
of the constant incitements to buy
many pretty, charming, desirable,
adorable things which the markets of
the world offer to women. No girl
can read a paper or a magazine, at
tend a picture-show, look in a display
window, or even walk down the street
without having the feeling aroused:
"Oh, I want so many lovely things;
oh, I must have them!" Only a small
percentage of parents or "homes" can
supply all the innumerable articles for
which a girl is capable these daya of
developing wants.. With the oppor
tunity for an Independent income, if
she has courage, health and spirit,
what is more inevitable than that
girls will leave home In increasing
numbers and will try out many things,
Just to see what life really is like.
The old way was to give the hus
band and father full power in the
family, not only over the children but
the wife also. Opportunities for self
support offered girls and women were
limited to domestic service, the stage,
and the brothel. Who wishes to re
store that condition? We are now
In an era where equal opportunity has
been given men and women. It is
absurd to expect that the old feeling
of dependence will eurvive on the part
of the -'wife upon her husband or the
children upon their parents.
The younger generation feels that
life is an adventure, a gamble, a series
of trials and errors. That it has "in
finite purpose," is either rejected or
ignored. The husband's and father's
authority is a thing beyond recall.
If a father attempts to punish se
verely a rebellious daughter, he finds
himself in the juvenile court as an
unfit parent. If a girl has good sense
and health the chances are she will
come through unharmed. She' will be
sufficiently amenable to advice and
direction to enable her to keep her
health and strength and shun reck
lessly extravagant ways. If she can't
appreciate advice, she gives conclu
sive evidence of being something of a
fool, and she can learn only through
experience. The wise know better
than to try to save fools from their
folly. In, the interest of social and
racial progress it is better that they
perish. DAVID MacCONNELL
WORK IS CURE FOR LOXELDTE53
One Who Seeks Xrir Interest Will
Have No Time to Brood.
PORTLAND, June SO. (To the
Editor.) A lonely soul wrote to The
Oregonian last week and It gave me
an impulse to help her from a page
of my own experience. 1, too, am 69
years old and alone; the children all
grown up and attending to their own
affairs in life. - They call me up once
in a while and ask "How are you?"
Dear lonely one. What do you ex
pect? If we depend on others for
our happiness we will be unhappy.
Indeed. Is there nothing you can do
that would Interest you? No ambi
tion you had no time for years ago?
You will brood too much .on the past
if you just keep house. Rent the
house of. get a friend to live in it for
caring for it and look around you.
I was a teacher in my youth for
several years. For 37 years was it
my life work of rearing a large
family. I could not be idle when
they no longer needed me, so I re
turned to my old profession. Of
course I had never let myself slump,
but all ' my life kept in touch with
the world through good literature.
Well I have taught now for two
years and I love it. It is such worth
while work. At present I am at
tending the extension school of the
University of Oregon here. It is fine
to range myself with younger people
and be able to keep up with them.
I am surely a busy and happy woman
and am mating a success of my
work. J. A. R.
More Truth Than Poetry..
By James J. Mostsrse,
NO USB.
The worthy legislators
Who rule the sunny state '
Of palms and alligators
Have, after much debate.
Where words in wild profusion.
Re-echoed to the eky
Arrived at the conclusion
That lawyers come too high.
They do not mean to ban 'em.
But thev wnnM rT k is
Three thousand every annum.
As ail tney ought to draw.
The lawyer who exceeds it;
Although he would not fall
To eet up that he needs it.
Will have to go to JaiL
We hope the legislature
Will take Its action soon;
A measure of this nature
would prove a public boon.
Vast throngs would make the Journey
From all the other states.
To pick up an attorney
At reasonable rates.
Yet any legislation
That hamnera nr rtttr.lft.
Or sets a limitation
On any legal brains.
Will not for long be needed .
FOP VrV Bunrnl.
Whose Income is Impeded
wui shortly emigrate!
Better Tfcaa Citations.
Many a hero has a framed codt of
the slacker list hung on his wall to
prove his war service.
Too Bad.
All these foreign affairs most be
cutting heavily into Mr. Harding's
golf.
It Conld Do No Harm.
Mr. Daugherty says he Is after only
the big profiteers. But while he is
waiting to get them he might land a
few of the little ones, just for prac
tice. Unkind Words.
By Graee E. Hall.
We speed them hastily upon their
way.
The unkind words that form within
the mind.
And seldom bid them sternly go away
And yield their place to others that
are kind;
And yet a thousand times we all
withhold
The tenoer thought, the puls'ng,
vibrant tone;
Within each heart are splendid
things, untold.
That foolishly we hesitate to own.
It seems so strange that any one
should smother
The better thoughts and let the
uglier grow;
That we, In passing, disguise from
each other
Our kindlier moods, and brusque
ness often show;
'TwouJd seem that somewhere ideas,
queerly straying.
Had formed a shallow fashion that
Impedes
The growth of kindness, mocking us
for saying
The real heart-things the world so
sadly needs.
In Other Days.
Twenty-Five Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of July 1, 1S96.
Chicago It seems certain that the
democratic party in convention here
will adopt a platform calling for free
coinage of silver and for the sliver
standard.
The new council meets for the first
time today and Mayor Pennoyer will
preside. Mayor Frank was busy yes
terday signing warrants for the pay
ment of salaries to the end of his
term.
With the arrival of Captain J. J
Cousins of San Francisco, an expert
drydock builder, agitation is being
started for a floating drydock in this
city.
The side wheelers Ocean Wave and
T. J. Potter got away on their first
trips on their summer schedule for
Seaside Monday evening.
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Oregonian or July 1. 1871.
New York A cable from St. Peters
burg states that Grand Duke Alexis
of Russia will soon visit America.
Pat Coakley opens the Riverside
saloon at the corner of Front and
Morrison streets this evening.
San Francisco At the republican
primary election in San Francisco
last week 807 votes were cast, much
the largest number ever cast at such
an election.
Reports from Idaho Indicate coming
trouble with the Indians. Several
hundred have massed in the Payette
valley and all are well armed with
Henry and Spencer rifles.
BACHELOR'S BUTTOXS. "
Field flowers of June your clear
bright blue.
Matches the ocean's darkest hue.
Where did you come from? Here's
the clew.
Posies from her old home so dear,
Some lonely woman pioneer
First planted you her heart to cheer.
She little reckoned that your seed
Would spread till now you're called
a weed.
The autumn winds did that fell deed.
Over the fields rise waves of heat.
Currents of air billow, retreat.
Showing your blue tide through the
wheat.
God seldom gave your color rare
To flower or bird, you proudly share
Shades blue birds of happiness wear.
Myriad blossoms you have won
Place In the land of the setting sun.
Growing in fields of Oregon.
GRACE McCORMAC FRENCH.
Address of Inventor.
McMIXNVILLE, Or., June 29. (To
the Editor.) Can you give me the
address of Earl C. Hansen, Inventor
of the "electrical ear." device for tin
deaf, as pictured tn The Sunday Ore
gonion on June 5? L. R.
Hansen's address might be obtained
by writing to Underwood & Under
wood, 417 Fifth avenue. New York.
Newspaper In Oklahoma Towji.
SALEM, Or., June 29. (To the Ed
itor.) Is there a newspaper pub
l'shed In Pawhuska, Okla., and If
there Is, what is its name?
ALBERT KUFNER.
Two weekly newspapers, the Cap'
tal (republican) and the Osage Jour
nal (democratic) are published at
Pawhuska.
Gas and Meter Faulty.
The N. Y. Medley.
Editor We- can't accept this poem.
It isn't verse at all; merely an es
cape of gas.
Aspiring Poet Ah! I see: some-
thins wrong with the meter.