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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 4, 1921)
THE 3I0KMSG OKEGOMAX, WEDNESDAY, 31AY 4, 1931 ESTABLISHED BS" HEXBY L. FTTTOCK. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.. C A. MORDEN. E. B. PIPER. Manager. Editor. The Oregonian is a member of the Asso ciated Preaa. The Associated. Press is ex clusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not y otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. Ail rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Subscription Kates Invariably In Advance. Bally. Sunday IntudedT'one year $8 0 Daily, Sunday included, six months... Iaily, Sunday Included, three months. 2.-5 Iaily, Sunday Included, one month... .Ta Dally, without Sunday, one year Dally, without Sunday, six months... 8.25 Daily, without Sunday, one month.... .60 Weekly, one year Sunday, one year 2.50 (By Carrier.) Daily. Sunday included, one year $9.00 T-..M.. 1 1....-.J .1 ha O Of. "j, nuuuMjr tiiviuueu, mrce iiiv"...-. - Dailv. Sundav Included, nnn month.... . Daily, without Sunday, one year T.RO Dally, without Sunday, three months. 1.95 Daily, without Sunday, one month 65 How to Remit Send postoffice money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owners risk, litve postomce auurvse u xuu, including county ana state. Postage Rates 1 to IS pages. 1 cent; 18 to n pages, z cents; Si to pises, o cents; 50 to 64 pages. 4 cents: 66 to 80 pages, 5 cents; 82 to 06 pages, 6 cents. Foreign postage double rate. Eastern RiiMine-. Office Verree ft Conk- Iln. Brunswick building. New York; Verree lonklln. sieger building, Chicago; ver ree & Conklin. Free Press building. De troit. Mich.; Verree A Conklin. Selling building, Portland; San Francisco repre sentative, R. J. BidwelL JOKERS IN THE GERMAN- PROPOSALS. Secretary of State Hughes' note to Germany, taken together with the allies' ultimatum, means that time for talk has ended and that Ger many must act as the allies demand or they -will act Mr. Hughes evi dently has discussed the German counter-proposals with the allies and has found them unacceptable. Hav ing refused the office of mediator and standing with the allies in the demand for proper reparations, he could do nothing but refer Germany back to the allies. The reasons for rejection of the German offer suggest themselves on examination of it. On its face the first clause seems to bring it close to the allies' demand. An offer of $50, 000,000,000 was made against a demand for $56,000,000,000 in an nuities to cover principal and inter est. But the favorable impression gradually fades as the other clauses are studied. An international loan to Germany was to be raised, the proceeds tc lie paid to the allies. Little of this iuan could be subscribed in the allied countries, for their accumulated capi tal is fully employed and their sur plus income is absorbed by taxes or in revival of their industries. Britain is in the best position of all, but is so hard hit by the coal strike, by de pression in shipping and foreign trade as to lack the ability, even if the will existed, to buy German bonds. Some part of the loan might lie subscribed in neutral countries of Ilurope and possibly South America, though the latter continent is a bor rower rather than a lender. The .bulk of the money would have to rome from the United States, and that is doubtless Germany's expecta tion and, hope, but can this country spare much capital from its own enterprises, which have to make up the arrears of seven years and which now suffer from depression? In the light of Germany's conduct, is that nation's credit so good as to make i's bonds an attractive investment? lr. Simons says not more than 4 per cent Interest can be paid, though the yield of first liberty bonds ex ceeds 5 per cent. Extensive investment of American capital in German government se curities may be contrary to both American and allied policy. It would e itablish a large financial interest among Americans in German pros perity which might conflict with the national policy toward that country as dictated by national interests. If Germany should default In any of the annuities, bondholders would be apt to oppose punitive measures. From the allies' viewpoint the influ ences favorable to execution of the reace terms would be sensibly weak ened. As the United States is def initely aligned with the allies in this matter. President Harding cannot wish to create an influence which will draw us away from them and closer to Germany. Yet that is pre cisely what Germany does want, for it has inspired German policy throughout and since the war. Stipulation that payments shall vary according to Improvement In Germany's financial and economic condition implies that excuses for deferment of payments may con stantly be manufactured and that ihe allies will be expected to foster rerman prosperity In order that pay ments may be made. That motive could hardly be reconciled with laws -tgalnst dumping, for protection of essential industries and against foreign economic penetration, which are contemplated by the United States and have been passed by the allies, being aimed especially at practices that are peculiarly Ger man. The offer to co-operate In recon struction, either by taking charge of certain towns and villages or by sup plying labor and material, may be viewed askance by France, for there would be grave possibilities of fric- tion in the presence of colonies of German workmen amid an intensely hostile population. France has already made great progress by its own efforts and may not be willing to trust Germans to do honest work. France wants rather to have the vast sums recouped that it has already expended and to have funds and ma terial ' provided to complete that work. Immediate payment of 150,000.000 marks in gold or silver and 850.000, 000 marks in treasury notes redeem able in foreign exchange or securi ties would require establishment of credit abroad to the latter amount by sale of German goods in excess of imports. In other words expansion of German foreign trade. The allies realize that Germany can pay only in goods, but they may prefer some other plan by which competition In foreign markets by Germany will not unduly ham their industries. . By offering to assume part of the allied obligations to the United States Germany again seeks to establish a financial community of interest be tween these two countries which would draw us away from the allies. The United St'ates prefers the allies to Germany as debtors, for in the light of their record a commercial ncency would rate them far higher. If Germany should pay the allies, there is no doubt they would pay us. If Germany should pay them, they would eventually pay us in any case, but if we should accept Germany as a debtor in their place and if Ger- many should not pay, we should be "out and injured." If the pledge of German public revenue as security is to be of any value, Germany will have to revolu tionize its finances, for the budget now shows an enormous deficit. To make the pledge acceptable, Ger many must increase taxation and railroad, rates and must reduce ex penditures. If that should be done, it would be a welcome evidence of good faith, but it should be done before, not after, the pledge is ac cepted. The "nigger in the woodpile" is concealed In the last two clauses of the German proposal. It asks that I all other German reparations and obligations be annulled and that German private property abroad be released. That would wipe out all provisions of the treaty for' com pensation for seized property of allied citizens in Germany and for extinction of German interests abroad in part payment of the in demnity. Germany had acquired ownership or financial control of public utilities, mines, land, indus tries in Austria, Hungary, Italy, Russia, Turkey and allied and neu tral countries and colonies, and ap plied this control both to expand foreign trade and to secure the use in war of some essential materials of war and to deprive the allies of their use. The allies required ex tinction of these interests not only In order to use them in payment of re parations but to end this hostile eco nomic penetration. Germany also says that these pro posals are possible only if penalties are discontinued and if Germany is freed from unproductive outlays and given freedom of trade. In plain English that means that the army of occupation is to be withdrawn from German territory, that Germany is no longer to pay the cost of its main tenance and of the allied disarma ment commissions, that the allies ana tne unuea states must take no protective measures against the tricks by which Germany extends its foreign trade, and that taxes on Ger man exports be abolished. Armed occupation of the Rhine is the guar anty provided by the treaty for its execution and against renewed aggression. It has been ineffectual against German bad faith, and fur ther occupation and export taxes were imposed as penalties; Before. Germany will agree to do what it has already agreed to do, for which the guaranty was given, it asks that the guaranty be abandoned and that the penalty for nonfulfillment be re mitted. In other words, after seven years of consistent perfidy and treachery, the allies are asked to ac cept Germany's bare word. For brazen effrontery that proposition is unsurpassed. Even more than that is behind the German proposals. Acceptance would uuuiiy su many oi tne most essen tial provisions of the treaty as to be tantamount to radical revision. That is what Germany has sought ever since its delegates signed the treaty with protests that they did so under compulsion and that the terms could not be executed. The guaranties were given not only for reparation but for disarmament and surrender of war criminals. If German terri tory were evacuated, Germany would be free to re-arm and the war crim- inals would go scot free. The United States is not and may .never be a party to the treaty of Versailles but it is interested in the question whether Germany shall be permitted to remain a treaty-breaking nation or shall be compelled to respect treaties, and in doing so to pay the penalty for the nation's crimes. "TAKE THAT NAME OFF." While it was inevitable that, among the millions of men fit for military service, some should by error be listed as slackers, though they served the colors, such an ex cuse does not mollify the wounded pride of veterans who discover their names to be so classified. Nor the outraged sorrow of .. relatives who mourn some boy that made the great sacrifice. When one of these heroic names was read from the slacker list at a recent meeting of the Ameri can Legion, it was the executive secretary of the Portland chapter, American Red Cross, who answered for his honor. "That boy," she said, "died in Mc Minnville from wounds received in service." - Publication of the Oregon slacker list has been prudently delayed until all possible effort is made to deter mine that, name by name, it is au thentic. The American Legion met for the purpose of re-checking it, supplementary to the long continued efforts of Adjutant-General White who has brought about the removal of scores of names wrongfully in cluded. The public can well afford to wait, praying that no. error shall remain when the shameful array is set forth. And every man who served is entitled to that patriotic pride which requires assurance that he has not been numbered with the contemptible. HAYWOOD'S HIGHER LAW. What purports to be the truth about W. D. Haywood's departure from the United States for Russia is told by Charles Edward Scott, who styles himself "secretary of the pan American agency of the Communist International." He calls Haywood a "trusted adviser of the general staff of the world revolution," de nies that "Big Bill" deserted "his fellow-workers" and says that he will return, "but the time and manner of his coming will b9 determined by the requirements of the revolution ary class struggle and not by the de crees of capitalist courts." In an In terview with the New York Times Mr. Scott said: Comrade Haywood did not leave the United States of his own accord, but st the direct command of the communist Internationale, of which he is a disciplined member and whose authority he recog nises as the highest in the world. He will be present at the third congress .of the communist Internationale on June 1. He will also attend the.first international con- 5ress of trade and industrial unions on uly 1, at Moscow, as one of the true lead ers and spokesmen of the revolutionary workers of America. So Haywood has gone to Russia to concert plans with Lenin for ex tension of the world revolution to the United States through the efforts of the united communist party as a branch of the third international. In due time we may expect him to re turn "openly and undisguised," prob ably as the Lenin of America with his trusty band of red terrorists and his extraordinary commissions, which will establish In each city the death house, where the tortures of stock ing making and glove making will be practiced and where bodies will be dumped into a pit. Haywood has been well schooled for this work. No reasonable doubt exists that he was a chief worker in plotting the murder of Governor Steunenberg of Idaho and other crimes. He was the founder of the I. W. W., which committed stealthy crimes wherever it gained a hold and of which the proudest achieve ment was the murder of four world war veterans at Centralia. He knows how to trick the capitalist courts by using to defeat the law those safe guards which are designed to pro tect the Innocent. But America is not Russia. Its cities could not be subdued by bands of cut-throats as were those of Rus sia, its rural population is not com posed of dull-brained, vodka-sodden moujiks. Americans look back on as many centuries of freedom as Russia had of czardom. Unlike the Russians, they are not demoralized by defeat: their national spirit is fortified by consciousness of victory. When Haywood comes back they will give him an appropriate reception. A PLEASANT DAY IN COURT. Thirteen defendants were freed by an Oregon City Jury as the sequel to the salmon poachers' riot on the Wu- lamette river. With unblemished characters they filed from justice court, having established the prin ciple that it is no offense in Oregon playfully to roll boulders over the cliffs at the patrol, or to defy arrest with threats of violence. Incident ally, the theory that spring Chinook enter the river tax the profit and delectation of the lawless seems somehow to have been upheld. It took the jurors an earnest half-hour, or a few minutes less, to determine the exact status of a fish warden. By their verdict he is something less than an angleworm. Viewing it candidly, the release without rebuke of the . Oregon City defendants, admitted ringleaders In an organized endeavor to ah em barrass law enforcement, seems to place the Issue even more clearly be fore the public. It cannot be im agined that poaching will cease to be popular, or that respect for the purpose and dignity of our fish and game code will be enhanced by the recent verdict. It is squarely up to the sportsmen, to all citizens who believe in law enforcement and the conservation of the salmon run, to insist that the Willamette river be come and remain a stream for an glers only. NEW FIELDS FOR THE PIONEER. Sending of an American official mission to Chita, capital of the far eastern republic which has been formed in eastern Siberia, invites attention to the contrast between the interest shown in this distant foreign territory and the neglect of Alaska, which is under our own flag, though separated from Siberia only by Ber ing strait. The allied forces of Pin- chotism and bureaucracy have had Alaska under lock and key for so long that its wealth is undeveloped and its population is on the decrease. but the fascinations of a pink bol- shevist republic are irresistible. The only valid excuse for the con trast in treatment is that Alaska is safely ours to develop when we are ready, while vigilance is needed to prevent eastern Siberia from falling under control of another nation which would shut the door on us forever. Japan is In possession of the coast provinces and Manchuria, and its agents are doubtless scat tered over the country east of Lake Baikal. Its presence is unwelcome in Siberia, but so it was in Man churia, yet its grip on the latter province has steadily tightened. The administration thought it wise to move in Siberia while there was time. Alaska is now the farthest west, the only remaining field under the American flag for the enterprise of the restless pioneers. When that great' territory is opened and when the pioneers have spread over it as they spread over the older west, they will inevitably cross the straits and extend their operations to Siberia. That country will be the new west, and the pioneers may go ever west ward until they encircle the globe and reach the east again. The way should be kept open for the pioneers' westward progress. DIMINISHING ILLITERACY. - Figures on illiteracy thus far pub lished by the census department In dicate progress toward banishing illiteracy from the United States. Re ports -from only four states have been completed, and these constitute considerably less than one-twelfth of the population, yet they are not with out significance as a basis or com parison. .For illustration, in thirty years since 1890 illiteracy in Dela ware has decreased from 14.3 per cent: in Arkansas, from 26.6 per cent to 9.4 per cent; in Alabama from 41 per cent to 16.1 percent, and in the District of Columbia from 13. 2 per cent to 2.8 per cent. The south ern states, in particular, which were among the last to enact compulsory education legislation, seem to be realizing its benefits. The draft disclosed that 24.9 per cent of the men examined for mili tary duty were "Illiterate," but the discrepancy of course may be ac counted for by a difference in stand ards. In the first place, under tne army requirement all who could not read plain extracts from a news paper or write a letter home were classed as illiterate, while the census agents were not empowered to con duct examinations, Dut were com pelled to accept the statement of the individual in each instance. Not everv one. as is well enough known, is willing to confess himself Illiterate. So the army draft board records still stand as a check to over-optimism, but the census figures may never theless indicate that matters are not so bad as they were thirty years ago, since census takers then and now Worked under approximately the same conditions, and about the same number of individuals In each in stance are apt to have overestimated their own literary accomplishments. Accepting the evidence of the draft boards for the statement that about a quarter of the young men of the country were insufficiently educated to become private soldiers; and that of the census takers of four states that there has been a noteworthy improvement in thirty years, we can only be glad that it is no worse than it really is. The most encouraging sign of all is that illiteracy is regarded now as more shameful than it was a genera tion ago. When the facilities for education were uncommon, it was the practice to attribute lack of it to want of opportunity, while it was as well known then as it is now that illiteracy and unlntelligence are not necessarily the same thing. We say not necessarily Decause a gooa many Immigrants from foreign coun- i jries in which schools for the corn- j mon people simply did not exist, have shown themselves quite capable un der American conditions. But where there are not only schools for all, but laws compelling attendance at them, the time is fast approaching when the illiterate will be classified as also stupid, and the rudimentary pride that exists in even the most ordinary individuals revolts at that. It is no longer possible to salve one's sense of self-respect with the old excuse. Economic pressure is also a powerful incentive to educa tion. In the most unskilled employ ments it is frequently desirable, if not absolutely essential, that the work man shall be able to read warning signs, for his' own safety, and em ployers for this reason are moved to encourage elementary education among their employes. As the pro- portion of purely muscular work de creases, and some knowledge is in creaslngly required to hold a job, and as workers learn that they must educate themselves In order to make a Jiving, the percentage of illiteracy should automatically diminish. Yet educators will not regard their work as finished simply because the federal census shows only 16.1 per cent of illiteracy in Alabama, where there was 41 per cent in 1890. The showing of 24.9 per cent among men of military age in the whole country during the war still stands. It is vastly more to be depended on than the federal census. It means that compulsory education laws are re quired in the states that still do not have them, and that they must be enforced. It also means that we shall probably have to-wait at least another generation to reap the full benefit of the draft disclosure. Adult education is making progress) chiefly in ,the larger cities and illiterate adults in the country districts are not being reached extensively. How ever, the outlook is not dark. The showing that educated parents sel dom permit their children to grow up as illiterates indicates the way by which the goal of a 100 per cent "literate" nation may be reached. A NEW DUAL PERSONALITY. When parties to litigation go Into private conference with members of the tribunal which is to try tneir case, we have a spectacle that is un known to law or to accepted Ideas of proper administration of Justice. Yet that was done by representatives of the Puget sound ports and mem bers of the Washington commission of public works in regard to the Co lumbia basin rate case. - Seattle, Tacoma and Everett are Interested in defeating the decision of the interstate commerce commis sion. The interests of the people of the interior are; served by that de cislon; so are those of the counties bordering on the lower Columbia. The Washington commission exists to establish and maintain Just rates in these several sections so far as its Jurisdiction extends. It is to serve the. whole state by doing justice re tween the conflicting interests of the communities that compose the state. It therefore cannot properly assist one section or group of communities without regard to the rights and in terests of other communities, for its rlntv. like Its Jurisdiction, is Bta.te.wide. In advising the sound norts how to proceed in order to ob tain an order that will answer their DurDose. the commissioners torsaxe their Judicial function and descend from the bench in order to act as attorneys for one of the parties that are to annear before it. That is nothing new to Seattle. o deep is the confidence pf that city in its manifest destiny tnai it as sumes the whole machinery of the state to have been designed for its anecial use and benefit, that when Seattle wants anything all others must stand aside and that the courts must find a colorably legal way to give it- vve snau ue mieicoieu see how the interstate commission will regard invasion of its jurisdic tion by a commission which performs the double office of attorney and judge. 'Murphy is dead." A good man died when Patrolman J. J. Murphy passed. He was always the right man for the beats to which he was assigned. He had a way with him that called for respect from the "gangs" he handled. Others as well will miss him, for he was a typical cop" of the old school hale, hearty and honest. - When fifteen members of a Bap tist Sunday school meet with disaster on the way to a picnic on a Sunday afternoon, the affair does not har monize with one's conception of blue laws. Still, if they went to Sunday school and church in the morning, the accident must not be viewed In light of a "Judgment." There is on display in this city samples of paper clothing from Ger many. The articles are good as nov elties, that's all. When this country is reduced to wearing paper cloth ing, the natives will prefer the abo riginal blanket, with possible addi tion of a belt. - The man in jail because he does not pay a gambling debt Judgment Is between one big devil and one deep sea. He can get out by taking the pauper's oath, but the conse quences may be worse than staying in Jail. The moral in this affair is obscure. ' Jawn McGraw having been ac quitted of the charge of having whisky on that memorable occasion when he punched a head at the Lambs club, the Giants can move up from third place to where they be long. Mr. Gary plans to cut the wages of laborers employed by his corpora tion 20 per cent Perhaps he can get away with it, but It smells of trouble. Twenty per cent reduction is rather large for the man on small pay.- J With important issues to be de cided at the June election, it .Is well that every possible voter be regis tered. But a few days are left in which to get on the list- Fishermen want 10 cents a pound for salmon and the packers offer 9 cents. What the consumer pays is not figuring In the controversy. A draft dodger is threatening to go on a hunger strike but when he finds out how little "sympathy he is getting he will change his mind. Britishers In Shanghai are betting on a Japanese-American war within the year, but real sports will await action by Lloyds. Baseball weather right along now, BY-PRODUCTS OF THE PRESS How Prohibition Brings Dims Price of Sardines Is Explained. The passing of the free lunch, coun ter incidental to the closing of ealoon bars was responsible In part for the depression in sardines price, which packers say now are below te cost of production and close to pre-war fig ures. Competition resulting from in creased importations of foreign sar dines after the war was another fac tor. Although the 1920 Pack of Maine sardines is said to have been more than 500,000 cases short of that , of 1919, more of last year's sardines are held in storage, than usual, owing to the poor demand and the unwilling ness of the packers to sell at present prices. The average pack of Washington county factories, I .eluding those In Eastport and Lubec, J 2,500.000 cases of 100 cans each. Prospects for an average pack in the 1921 season, which opened April 15, are conditional, according to the packers, on an Im provement of demand frqm Jobbers, with labor and packing materials ex pected to be lower than last year. After 24 hours' deliberation, during which time he sought the advice of many experts, Police Judge L. M. Shelley of Sacramento, CaL, admitted defeat and continued the case of Cecil Fernandez, charged with stealing ten baby chickens, relates the Bee. "It is the most difficult case I have been called upon to decide," he stated. "Here is Mrs. Newman, who claims that her ten baby chicks were stolen by Fernandez and that she could prove ownership by the testimony of detec tives, who placed the mother hen in Fernandez' yard and saw ten little chicks come running to her. "Do the chickens know their moth er, and does the mother know ber chickens? I have consulted many poultry experts on the matter and have seen the chickens in question, but etlll I cannot decide. "One expert says the mother hen always refuses to have anything to do with any but her own children, and baby chicks will always go to their mother. "Another says that chickens hatched from an incubator, which was the case with Fernandez' chickens, do not know who their mother really Is and so take to any hen who has a soft heart and will adopt them. Perhaps Mrs. Newman's hen has a soft chicken heart. I do not know and confess my self at a loss to decide. "'I have had many offers of assist ance from chicken experts and so shall take more time to decide the matter." .....- Almost 100 picture brides arrived In New; York from Greece, Italy and France on the steamship Canada of the Fabre line. Seven of them had been married by proxy, but none of them had ever seen their husbands. The passage of the vessel up the bay was Interrupted at quarantine by a fleet of motor and row boats con taining frantically gesticulating young men who posed in the boats, while the young women anxiously lined the railing of the ship and compared pho tograph which they held In their hands with the men in the boats. It was at this time that one of the girls looking anxiously from a picture to a man in a motorboat, uttered a low moan and fainted. As soon as she had revived she traded her picture. The motorboats followed the Canada to her dock at Thirty-first street, Brooklyn, where their occupants cre ated so much disturbance, dock watch men went out and chased them away ' London Quakers and east end Jews are said to be more liable to color blindness than any other people, re ports the London News. Professor Henri M. Leon told th color circle of the International Col lege of Chromatics that this may be because the original Quakers were opposed to brilliant colors and be cause of the poor environment in which many Jews have had to live. Men are more subject to color blind nes8 than women, he said. Four men in every hundred are so afflicted, but only one woman In every two nun dred Is color blind probably because women are used to brilliantly colored clothes. There Is no cure for Inherit ed color blindness. Professor Leon said there were three kinds of color blindness fall ure to distinguish color at all, the confusion of . red with green, black and brown and the failure to distin guish shades, such as blue and violet A case came to notice some time ago of a oity man traveling dally on the district railway who had always im agined that the, red carriages were colored a deep green. Ornithologists are endeavoring to determine the species of a strange bird that descended in the barnyard of Mrs. F. D. Manchester of Corn wall. Vt., wooed a Plymouth Rock hen and was slain in a duel with a jealous rooster. The intruder was gray, about the size of a duck, had a long red beak and such short legs that it waddled with difficulty. It feet were webbed and in fighting it used its bill like a rapier. Superior agility won for the rooster. a There is a safety point In the evolu tion of a skirt from a street sweeper to a mere ruffle about the waist, and the Evanston, 111., Women's club is endeavoring to establish a deadline for modesty. Mrs. Rufus Dawes, lead er of the club, says that ten inches from-the ground represents the ex treme limit of modesty. Eight inches would be even better, but ten is bare ly permissible. Recent researches along Broadway as to "relativity" have developed the following proofs of Elnetein'a theory, says the New York World: Wink your eye. Wink goes, but eye remains. Snap your fingers. Snap goes. Your fingers smart. Close your hand. You have a fist. Open it. Fist gone. Blow your breath but generally there is some left, even in these days of prohibition and spring oniona. Sit down. You form a lap. Stand up. lap disappears. Listen and you generally hear some New Yorker talking over a phone. Make a noise. The sound travels. The noisemaker remains and Is gener ally characterized by law as a nuisance. Look and you see something. Close your eyes and all becomes dark. Blow out the light and it's gone. Where? Ail That's it. Those Who Come and Go. Tales of Folk at the Hotels, One of the men most conversant with conditions in the near east is Dr. Haim Nahum of Constantinople, grand rabbi of Turkey, who during the war had charge of the distribution of relief commodities among the suf fering people of his community. Dr. Nahum. registered at the Multnomah, is on a tour of the United States to express his appreciation of the gen erosity of the American people and also to recruit forces for the further ance of education among the people of the near east. Dr. Nahum has com plete charge of distribution for the Joint distribution commission of New York in his part of the world. Be fore America entered the war Dr. Nahum worked In close harmony with Henry Morganthau and later with Dr. Elkus, the American ministers to Turkey, but when the United States took ufl arms against the Germans and diplomatic relations were severed with Turkey, the relief funds were re ceived through the Swedish legation at Constantinople. Following are a few prices which prevailed In the near east before and the increase during the war, as told by Dr. Nahum. Po tatoes, from 4 cents a pound to. $1.60; dark bread, increased 17 times in price; white bread, 80 times In price: meat. Increased from 6 cents a pound to $2; sugar, from cents to IS. 80; shoes were practically unobtainable during the war. A Turkish pound, normally worth $4.45 in American monev. is worth today 65 cents. "If the political situation in Turkey is settled soon and peacably and the proper stimulus given to the agri cultural pursuits, the situation will look up wonderfully fast. Education and opportunity to resume their nor mal occupations is what is needed in Turkey to bring prosperity there," concluded Dr. Nahum. "Only a protective tariff will save the chrome Industry in Oregon." de clared a mining man at the ImperiaL "Chrome used to come from Cuba. Turkey and many other lands, but when the war started chrome could not be brought into the United State, so the government sought the ore In this country. The finest deposits and the largest were discovered In south ern Oregon and northern California. The government was so anxious to get the chrome out that it threatened to take over the mines the people were opening in order to speed up production. Just as some splendid mines got started the war ran out and the price of chrome declined with a rutsh. It was one or tne nrsi tnir.gs to slide after the armistice. rne chrome in Oregon and California had (o he transDOrted by trucks to a ran road, so this made it expensive and when the price dropped the chrome miners could not make a profit. At the end of the war the foreign chrome beean coming in again, as It can be mined cheaner than In this country. There would be a good industry in the chrome line If congress would put up a protective tariff wall against the importation-of the stuff." "There is a remarkable amount of building going on In the beach dis trict of Tillamook county." reports Engineer Clarke of the highway de partment, at the Hotel Oregon. "Prac tically all the way from Garibaldi northward along the beaches there are new houses being erected. They are more noticeable now. with their new lumber, than they will be when thev have been painted and the storms give them a weather-beaten effect a few months later. It gives the imoression of a building boom progress. The county i doing con siderable road work along tne Deacn The purva iust outside of Bar View Is being straightened, the county is hulldlne- a trestle and has a steam shovel taking the sand from the dune at the aide of the road, and is throw ing it into the lake. The county has also completed tne graue iui a new road between Rockaway and Man hattan. For a short distance this will be rocked, but most of the way there will h nlanks. There has never been a road up to Manhattan before this year. The state is graveling the new grade out of Bay City, but I do not know when this new route, which eliminates the hairpin curve, will be finished, because of the incessant rains which Tillamook has been ex periencing." "Sign the petition to recall Pub lic, Service Commissioner Williams. urged a chap on Alder street yester day afternoon. The citizen accosted made a few inquiries. "What good is the recall?" "It'll give us new mem ber of the commission and your tele phone, gas, electric lights and other things will be cheaper," explained the petition peddler. -But.' presseo me nmon "won't the new me-moers ui the commission have to abide by the record and allow whatever rates tney believe Just?" "Oh. I haven't time to argue with you. Just sign the -petition,-" quoth the man. "Not today, stiffened the citizen, who was H. H. Pnrev. member of the commission, I'm going to lure rea w imams ui to the man with tne petition, - grinnea Commissioner Corey, telling of the enisode. "and see it ne win sign me ptition to recall himself. From a business standpoint Port land initio awfully good to me, saia C. Hardy of Seattle, registered at the Multnoman. -mere are iu (him., than rain to contend witn. jnt recently I took a trip to the Boise valley, Idaho. There was a mums from and crODs that a day before looked splendid were spoiled. It was ootiirmted that 75 per cent of the fruit crop in that vicinity was killed. Apples, peaches, apricots ana cner ries seemed to be the hardest hit by the frost. There wasn t any rain on my entire trip, nut tne iaci ui me n.e-rtaintv of the weather In some sections of the country makes me a Keiiever that there are many worse conditions to worry about than rain." The mystery of the ages has been solved. For countless centuries mere has been a dispute as to the origin of the pyramids, but this Is all deter mined now. Charles Burggraf of Al bany, Or., admits responsibility. On the register at the Hotel Oregon he has written after his name: "Acknowl edged Pyramid Builder." Egyptolo gists, please note. Ralnh E. Kooser, canneryman of Talent, Or., Is among the arrivals at th. Hot ftt Oreeon. Talent is on near creek, midway between Ashland and Medford. Also It is on the Pacific highway and is only a snort jump from tha lithla waters of Ashland. The country is devoted to fruit rais ing and creamery Dusiness. Here Is a group of well-known As torlans who stopped in town long enough to register at the Multnomah then moved on: Rev. William Gilbert. J. T. Boss. J. Stearns, Frank Donnerberg, George Smith. Myron Hoefler, H. K. Moeiier, ur. xsarr, ur. Van Dusan. T, B. Reeder of Chehalls, Wash., registered at the Perkins. Mr. Reeder a a lawyer wno turncu uuict uu admits that he prefers city me to .h r-nnntrv. Once upon a time he was speaker of the house of repre sentatives at Salem. Robert C. Paulus, one of the fore most fruit men of the Willamette val ley, is registered at tne sewara irora "Salem MUtland." Mrs. John M. Dolph of Pendleton arrived at the Benson yesterday, re turning from a trip to the orient. A. L. Brown, Astoria business man, is stopping at the Lensoo, TOITH AS BAR TO EMPLOYMENT Service Mast Complains Tkat Ka ' slavers Iemaad Older Mrs, . PORTLAND, May J (To the Edi tor.) The man who went ovcrto France to fight for his country de serves a lot mora than he is getting and I think that I am voicing I tit opinion of every service man in this article. We. the men who went over there, do not want a lot of monuments and the like. What we want is a ctinnre to make a living here at home and be good citizens and keep our families in some degree of comfort, but we can't do it on monuments. Monu ments are very good to look at, but you can't feed your little ones on them and if we want something to remind us of what we went through over there we have our old uniform! to look at and they are tnoush. There is at the present time a lot of trouble about employment In this country and the service man is the one who is out of a Job. Why? Be cause the average employer wants a man who Is about 23 or 24 years of .ge and there are a lot of service men out of a job on that account. I have looked Into the matter and found that when a man goes after a job the first thing that employers want to know Is how old he Is, but the first thing that they should ak is. "Were you in the service?" If the man was, then he should get the Job without anything further being said about the matter. If they can't do anything els, they should at least give him a chance to make good and then If he failed they would have a chance to say that they had given him a chance and that he had not made good. When the boys came back from over there the people made a great fuss over them and In a few days it was all worn off and the boys were out hunting Jobs. In many cases when they went back to their old Jobs they were told that they could have their old jobs back, but thev would only get $20 a week. When they left many of them were getting $30 and $35 a week and with prices as high s they were they could not get along on such small wages. They said so, hut they were told to take it or leave it, just as they chose. I think that any man who was old enough to go over there Is old enough to hold down any Job In the United States that he Is capable of doing. I know, beouse when I was 14 years old I enlisted In the navy and went through the whole thing from start to finish. At the present time I am only 20 and have been turned down on lots of Jobs because I was not old enough, but I can do as much work as any man ten years older than I am and can prove' it at any time and to anyone who cares to find out or doesn't believe It. I think that the service men should get the Jobs regardless of their age. as there were more men over there at the age of 18 or 20 than of any other age and I hope that the em ployer will see it he same way in the future and give every service man a chance before he turns him awav. L. B AlKR SF.LLWOOD VICIMTY IS FAVORED Mr. Kelly Points Out Its Advsstsges For 102.1 Exposition. PORTLAND. May S. (To the Edi tor.) There 'has been much discus sion relative to the site for the 1925 exposition. I wish to ask why adver tise this as a Portland exposition and then hold it at Vancouver, Wash., or some site near Oswego as some would lead us to believe would be the most logical location? In selecting location we must take into consideration the convenience for the public in getting to It. as that will be our source of revenue and If it Is held a very great distance from the center of the city it will not have the attendance throughout Its existence that it would have other wise. I I am not a property owner of Sell wood neither have I any Interests in that part of the city and therefore have no financial gains to derive from the selection of that site but never theless I think that In- the vicinity of Sellwood or the Oaks is the most appropriate place for holding this exposition. We have a good street car sys tem to that point as vell as a good Interurban service and only a 15 mlnute ride from the center of the city. The Willamette river would also serve as a means of transporta tion and In addition to this we have good automobile highways. Many will visit this fair In special trains or cars and the matter of af fording parking places for these cars, must be taken into consideration. For this the Portland Railway. Light ft Power company have terminal yards at east Portland with connect ing track witn tne ftoutnern ncmt which would be a aesiraoie anu con venient narkinr place. The matter of handling over-flow crowds now In the city of Portland Is already a serious problem ana we should place the fair where we can get relief from other sources to ac commodate the thousands or people that will enter our city at tnat time T helleve that any one wno is in terested In the financial end of this exposition will cast his or her vote for the location or mis expuam"" i" the vicinity of Sellwood and forget all the other suggestions. VSE OF OLD WORD IS DEFENDED First "BougHes" Clothes Recalled by Writer, Who Cites Milton. VANCOUVER. Wash., May 2. (To the Editor.) In The Oregonian ap nar. an inniiirv from "Old Subscrib er" regarding the correct usage of the word "boughten." From my earn est recollection this word has had the best of all usage "home usage" by father and mother at tne iiresine. And well do I remember, "In the happy days gone by," when my moth er took me down to Jaggy's store, near the foot of Main street, within stone's throw of the old witness tree, and there we seiectea my nrsi boughten-sult of clothes. And how proud I was of that boughten suit and the rlorlous, brilliant red-top boots! No other word so accurately ex presses the meaning It is Intended to convey as does this old word "bought en." The immortal Milton uses It in Paradise Lost, th most sublime poem in the English language. In a strong passage he draws a contrast between the "boughten smiles" and caresses of lewd women and the un- bought affection and sweet, love-llt smiles of a loving and virtuous wife and help-mate. Surely it cannot be correct to as sert that a word Is "colloquial" and "not very good usage." when it has been In use In the English language for $00 years and has been carried by our forefathers over th wide At lantic's stormy waves and across the broad continent to the Pacific ocean, and is enshrined in the purest and most inspiring poem of the ages. GLENN N. RANCK. Th Oregonlan's reply concerned the use of the word in a given sen tence. "Boughten" Is colloquial In the sense of purchased, as opposed to home-made. As th past participle of "buy," thus carrying the unrestricted meaning of th word "purchased," Its formal usage Is chiefly poetical. I. over la Chastened. Tennessee Mugwump. He (turned down) But, dearest, vou are so different from other girls. ghe Oh. but you'll find lots of other girls different from other girls. More Truth Than Poetry. By Janes J. Moiliinr. SHOUT ALTERATIONS. Listen my children and you shall hear Of the midnight ride of Paul llevere. Who paused at talcm to pilch his camp And met with a beautiful blondlned vamp. Who feu on his neck and cried and sighed. And made him give up his projected ride. So wheq the British came up the bay All of the farmers were in the hay. And that Is the way the red coat won . The well-known battle of Lexington. Aha! I fancy I hear you sneer. That you never had heard that Paul llevere Could he such a base Lothario. Well, that of course may be the fact. But it isn't my purpose to be exact. For this Is a screen scenariol II. Trlscllla," young John Allien said. "Old Standish is simply cracked to wed. He's slsi'd you ud, and he thinks vou'l! do. A-nd he's sent me here to propose to vou." "Great stuff!" responded th lovely lane. "His whiskers ar queer and hl fac la nlain. But I far would rather th futur brav As an old man's pet rather than a vounir man's slave. So tell old Miles I am for him trong, And say! Did you bring the ring along?" "What's that? What's that?" Do hear vou sav. Trtscllla would never behav that . way; Rh wasn't a fllbberty-xlbbertyr She was far from that, as well I It now. Rut In maklna- a film for a movl An author must have some liberty! Ther Seed Lire Ones. We are expecting Greece to extend to Mr. James Stlllman an earnest in vitation to come over there and ex amine their stock of princesses si soon as he geta that divorce. C'leaa Cut. Anyway, .there as no whiskers oa Mr 11 lichen' state napers. Cnpvr:ht hy the B-ll Syndicate, Tne ) Burroughs Nature Club. Copyright. nooEStos-Mlffllsi Co. Can Vou Aner These Qelot 1. What Is the right name of th mountain lion? 2. JIow mv English sparrows b prevented from stealing freshly sown grass seed? 3 Is there any difference between an animal and a quadruped? Answers in- tomorrow's natur notes. Answers to I'revloos Q seal Ions. 1. Do poison snakes strike with their tongues? A snake's tonru Is a highly sen sitive feeler, but Is not the Inxtru ment for Inicctlng poison. In venom ous varieties. The poison Is supplied from a hc (sometimes located back of the eve. and Is conveyed mroiiitn a duct or canal to th needle tooth. inid fun or. as It is scien tifically called. The poison Is injected through an opining In the fanes when they have fastened upon th prey. 2. Can a chicken lay mor than on r.orr a dav? For instance, can 0 ee-a-s be laid In 60 days by on hen? It la the excentlon for a hen to lay mor than an egg day- These notes i.nnnt rilaclisa habits of domestic stock, since ther is no positive tell in, n-ht creatures will do under ar tificial conditions. I'oultrymcn hav claimed that by the use of stimulant on be made to lay more proni- Km on the other hand. It I argued that the net results are no better, as the hen Is likely to shorten her total laying period. S. Whv are apple trees usually raised from grafls Instead of from aeed? Apple trees do not usually "breed true " An not 'reproduce themselves f.iihfnllv In flavor and other charac ters, by "mean of their own seeds, as vpetahles do. necaus in" ni'i .AArit, are of such mixed parentage. vrii of snv tree Is developed by ..niiin. notion from Its male blos soms with the pollen of It female Kincnma. Insects or wind doing tli mlxinr. While wme apple blosioms sre doubtless fertilised by pollen - th, mother trues, many bl soms are fertilised by pollens brought .ih.r tree that are so to .,,ck no relation. These new pol len, mib. new combinations. seeds from these mixed strains are i..-, iil.w m "take after" the stranger as to resemble the mother tree. But branches grafted from tree of established character bear fruit of similar character and r de pendable. In Other Days. Twety-fl Year Ago. p . ft. rirAironlan of M.v 4. 1M Continuous rains have played havoc with the early development or sum- mr fruits, especially prunes, arcorn- Ing to reports from valley orchards. An Oakvllle school teacher whipped hnia and one elrl during a fore noon, or a case of "spoiling th rod and wearing out the child. A fih-cannlng concern Is to b erected at th mouth of the Biletz by a local company. In face of considerable opposition to the Oregon grape as th stat flower, a number of botanists hav com out supporting th selection. Fifty Years Aarn. Ppnm The Orecnnlan of MT 4. HT1 it (llvmnla 4Mb acres of land and 4.11 town lot have been subscribed for railroad purposes. "City dads" at Salem ar In a pr. dlcament in that their new town clock has arrived with no visible place in line to put it. Over 100 passengers went up the Willamette on boats yesterday, most of them in search of homes. The appearance of "professions!" chimney-sweeps and uniformed polte ar pointed out as stuns of 'he a-rowth of the city. On feature of a thoroughly metropolitan city will be attained if our cab and hack driveis will but adorn the plug hats, iu whiskers and lop boots. IS L.MHO. I know not now what pise my nam Shall hold within th halls of (am. Nor yet how long It may ndur Within the sweet recall of men; But yet of this I'm doubly sure 1 car not wnetner now or men My name b sung in worded pong There is a heart that knows no wrong; There Is a soul that is divine Will beat in unison with mine And whether clouds be in th skies Or tears of Joy bedim our eyes Our hearts, like waves upon th shore. ci , V. . .. . .nlbha, Awapmnre. L ""MLIUULL AUTHtll .'OTHERS. '