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K
VOL. LX XO 18 810 Entered at Portland iOreon
V 10'0t" Po.tofflce f. B-cond-Clss. Matter
PRICE FIVE CENTS
PORTLAND, OREGON, SATURDAY, MARCH 5, 1921
NEWLY INAUGURATED PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
BROKEd, Ill
1RIG STEPS
uiro rmcr
EI U
V
t
Wilson Adds Dramatic
To Simple Ceremony,
New President, Like Wash
ington, Has Early Confer,
ence With Senate.
CABHiET CHOICE CONFIRMED
White House Grounds Thrown
Open to Public for First
Time in Four Years.
WASHINGTON. D. C, March 4. (By
the Associated Tress.) The reins of
presidential authority passed from
Woodrow Wilson to "Warren G. Hard
ing: today in an inaugural ceremony
at once the simplest and most dra
matic of a feneration.
The drama centered about the re
tirement of Woodrow Wilson. Insis
tent to the last that he would carry
out a retiring president's customary
part in the ceremonies, Mr. Wilson
finally yielded to the warning of his
physician that lie might endanger his
life, and only accompanied his suc
i cessor to the capitol.
As he descended from the White
Tlouse portico to enter the waiting
automobile, secret service men placed
his feet on each descending etcp;
when he left the car to enter the cap
itol he was practically lifted up a
short flight of steps by an attendant.
Wilson Gars to Private Home.
After a few minutes at the capitol
Mr. Wilson went to his private home
to become "plain Woodrow Wilson
now," as he expressed It. k
Before Mr. Harding IibS been res
ident an hour he had revived a prece
dent set by George Washington by
conferring with the senate In execu
tive session, submitting In person the
nominations of his ten cabinet offi
cers. All were immediately con
firmed. Within another hour he had gone
to the White House to "hang up his
hat and go to work," as he often had
paid, and unlocked the White House
ga'.cs, for four years closed to the
public.
The public celebrated by actually
overrunning the grounds and peep
ing through the windows to see the;
new president.
I'omp Lacking at InanKoral.
Mr. Harding took the oath of office
at 1:18 P. M.. exact'v eitrht vear to
the minute from the time Mr. Wilson
took his first oath. The inaugural
ceremonies were kept free from at
most every show of the pomp and
Circumstance that usually surround
tl e incoming of a chief executive.
Thousands witnessed the oath and
cheered the old and new presidents,
but the crowd was only a fraction of
the customary throngs.
On the Bible used by George Wash
ington at his first induction into
office, and on a verse of Scripture
extolling the virtues of an humble
faith in God, Mr. Harding plighted
his best ability to the presidency.
In his inauugural address he re
affirmed his reverence for the tra
ditions of the fathers and reiterated
his belief that the supremo task
ahead was to bring the country once
xrore to normalcy.
Ceremony Is on Kant Steps.
The inauguration ceremony was
held as usual on. a stand erected
above the east steps of the capitol,
but in marked contrast to previous
inaugurations, wUen thousands of
seats were provided, the company had
to remain standing. Even the in
augural stand was much smaller and
vas erected to accommodate a tele-
phonic apparatus which carried Mr.
Harding's voice so that for the first
time thousands heard an inaugural
address.
About the only features familiar to
Inaugurals were the patriotic decora
tions that fluttered under a bright
sun along Pennsylvania avenue and
the usual escort of cavalry acting as
a presidential guard of honor in the
ride to and from the capitol. The
only semblance of a parade was pre
sented by the little group of official
motor cars and the hollow square of
troopers.
Arrivals Begin Early.
Before his own inauguration began,
Mr. Harding attended that of his vice
president, Calvin Coolidge, In the sen
ate chamber.
It was an hour past noon when the
first of the inaugural company began
to file out on the platform facing the
east plaza, members of the senate and
house coming first, followed by the
foreign diplomats in dress uniform
and last of all by the Justices of the
supreme court and the president
elect. Chief Justice White and- Air.
Harding walked to the front of ...e
platform together, as the marine band
played the national anthem. Then
the oath was administered and the
new president began ilis inaugural
address, reading from manuscript,
(Concluded so l"mge 1L, Column 1.)
i -r
COOLIDGE CEREMONY
ONLY HINT OF POMP
HARDING BECOMES PRESIDENT
AT SIMPLEST LVAtGLRATIOX.
Wilson Capital's . Pathetic; Figure
on Day That" Marks Change)
f '
in Administrations.
THE OnEGONIAN NEWS BUREAU,
Washington, D. C. March 4. Warren
G. Harding ' was ushered Into the
presidency today with one of the sim-
i plost ceremonies in the history of
Inaugurations. -The only reminder of
the pomp of other days came in the
dignified proceedings which marked
the induction into office of Vice-
President Coolidge.
The sun shone" brightly today," and
when that happens the weather, is
the feature of the occasion . because
out of 34 inaugurations, beginning
with George Washington's, it is said
that only 11" have been favored with
fair days.
Next in Interest to the ceremonies
attending the ' inauguration of Mr.
Harding and Mr. Coolidge was the
presence about the capitol of the
pathetic figure of Woodrow Wilson,
who came to sign a few bills as -the
wind up of his eight years in the office
which he .turned. over to his successor:
Only a comparative few had the op-'
portunity of seeing the retiring 'presi
dent. . 1 ;..
And for the first time the multitude
that crowded into the plaza on the
east front of the capitol and overran
the parks and streets, as far as the
highest steps of th'o congressional
library,, could .hear , the inaugural
address. And there were not less
than 75,009 persons In reach ofMr.
Harding's voice, made possible By
two rooms full of -machinery con
nected with an amplifier, concealed
beneath a flag above the new presi
dent's head. " " "
The color war all in the. inaugura
tion of the vice-president. Mrs.
Harding occupied a seat in the execu
tive gallery, the exact seat occupied
in other years by practically every
other first lady of the land since -1859.
Beside her sat Dr. George Tryon
Harding, father of the new president
and who in the distance across the
chamber would not have been taken
for the parent of the new president
because the evidences of his age were
entirely lacking.' ,. ' ' ' . - ..
And this is once that Mrs. Harding's
gown will not be described. Neither
will anything be said about the. ap
parel of ather well-known women in
the assemblage, such .as" Alice Roose
velt Longworth, Lillian Russell or
the Honorable Alice Robertson, new
member of congress from Oklahoma..
There Is a reason. The diplomats, lit
tle and big. were all there and af
ter one surveyed the gold braid, the
coKs of gilt rjpe, the medals, and
Hkawlse,their plumed millinery, the
concluson was likely to be reached
that the women of the audience oc
cupied the same position as a.bride
groom at a wedding.""
The society editor always describes
the gown of the bride and the bou
- ;.,w,
M N as -. f
i
f
m ,-...iIwv..ii,i...
yVarren C Harding
quet ehe carried, but makes short
work of telling what : the bride
groom wore. What the diplomats
wore today will be left to the Imagi
nation, because it wOuIdTreqnifef tnc
comotnett Knowledge oi a jcweier sin
a harness maker to describe tbe uni
forms. As for all the women present
let - it sufficient ' to say, as of : the
bridegroom," they wore the conven
tional garb. .;
Never did an audience have more
thrills. Everywhere in the galleries
necks were craned to single out this
and t .at notable in tho chamber be
low. Maybe it was the. face of a new
senator that was sought out .fr.om
above, and those below? senators and
olhe-rs, appeared just aslinterested ;iri
all the millinery and van-colored
gowns sparkling above them on all
sides.' . ' . .
' The. senate clock had to be set back
twice to allow time for all that took
rlace. The most impressive moments
came when- those persons of distinc
tion, or groups of persons, high in
official life were announced as they
arrived, one after another, at the door
opening from the mai corridor of the
capitol into the senate chamber. Fol
lowing the" custom "the names 'were
not announced, only official titles be
in' used.-
The first announcement was "the
general, of the army of the United
States." This meant General Persh
ing. Ther. came "chief of naval opera
tions" and "chief of staff of the
army," whp - is General Peyton C.
March. - -Next- wa. -"major-general
con.mandant-,of the marine corps,"
who is General Lejeune- " As Edward
nouglas. Whit.6 appeared at the door,
the doorkeeper announced, "the chief
justice tof the United States and the
associate justices of ..the supreme
court." . . '
At- this Juncture the , door' again
swung wide open and outside could
be seen sundry 'distinguished gentle
men "superbly dressed wearing their
gold insignia.. Some .Inquisitive in
dividual in the press gallery inquired:
"What lodge do these fellows repre
sent?" He got his answer immediate
ly in 'this long announcement from
the doorkeeper: "The ambassadors
extraordinary and plenipotentiary, the
envoys extraordinary and ministers
plenipotentiary, and the charges d'af
faires- ad interim."
.Here, David Barry, sergeant-at
arms of the senate, appeared at the
head of, the committee on arrange
ments for the inauguration, an-nounc
lng them tdgether with the vice-president-elect.
The committee was com
posed of Senators Knox and Overman
and Representatives Cannon and
Reavis. - ' - - ;
Another announcement, and the
same .committee was presented with
the president-elect. Mr. Harding,
looking at his best, was applauded
vigorously, everyone in the chamber
except- - diplomats - standing. . - Mrs.
Harding fastened her eyes upon her
husband the moment he entered the
door and continued with her gaze
fixed upon him as if she felt great re
sponsibility for anything that might
happen at this point in the pro
gramme. Meanwhile, the father of
the president-elect, it could readily be
seen, was visibly moved at the Spec
tacle of seeing his son so near the
(Concludcd on' Page 10, Culumn 1.)
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MRS. HARDING MAKES
INAUGURAL TRIUMPH
AMERlICAX AVOMAX TiTIFIED
AT SOLEMX CEREMOXIAL.
Personal- Charm and; Originality
"Win Recognition of Rare and
. Gifted. Personality,
- . : BT ZORA GALE.
(Copyright by the New York World. Tub
, . liphd bv Arra-njrement )
WASHINGTON, D. C. March 4.
The whole world of women loves the
Cinderella legend the legend of any
obscure woman who becomes a dis
tinctive and romantic figure.- Today
American women see the charming
fp.iry tale come true in the person of
Mrs. Warren G. Harding. ' ;
Millions , of women .of , America,
about their home tasks this' mo'rnlng,
were thinking of her, for she' fulfills
the supreme condition of any. heroine
of romance. That is, allr women can
imagine themselves in , her. position,
and any one of them might have been
there. . , '. '.
'A simple girl in a smali town.
, Twice a wife, and once a mother.
The business manager of a country
newspaper and the wife of' its coun
try editor. ' .' . , ' . .. '
.Then a central figure, in the'most
dramatic spectacle to which the
American people treat themselves,
and in the most dramatic, year the
year when a world is trying to. heal
itself and when American, women are
represented . in the inauguration of
the first president ever elected under
their, national franchise. ,
One wondered if she .was thinking
4 ConoludtMl -on Page s. Column 1.)
INDEX OF. TOD AY'S NEWS
The Weather.
YESTERDAY'S .Maximum .temperature,
5 degrees; minimum. 4.T degrees.
TODAY'S Fair; northwesterly winds.'
' . J-'oreigo
Costa Rlean force reported advancing on
town held by Pananwuis. ' Page 2. ' '
Allied military preparing .for German re
fusal to accept terms. Page -1.
. ." Inauguration. ; ' '
Harding's inauguration is simple one.
Page 1. -----
Only hint of porhp' at" lnaujruration ia in
induction of Coolidge. Page 1.
Inauguration 'ball held by negroes in cap
ital. Page 11. ; .
Army of WO, 000 -job hunters Reported to
have Invaded national capital. Page 10.
Wilson' retires smiling and gives no hint
of regret. Page 1.
Mrs. Harding scores personal "triumph at
inaugural ceremonies. Page 1.
Plums of politics- await tree shaking by
President Harding. Page 8.
Worlt of sixty-sixth congress reviewed.
Page 8.
Next congress has 129 new members in
house and senate. Page 0.
Senate confirms Harding's cabinet ap
pointments. Page 1.
Gates to White House grounds long closed
opened by new president. . Paga 11.
National,
High tribute paid Chamberlain as he
leaves senate. Page
Reserve governor to retain position.
Page 3.
Sixty-sixth congress passes into history
with little flurry. Page 10.
Domestic,
Girls 4throw California state school into
chaos in riot totlowing mutiny.. Page 3.
Inquest lays blame for train wreck on
Michigan Central crew. , Pugs 3. . i
MILITARY PREPARING
FOR GERMAN REFUSAL
BELGIANS SEND ARTILLERY,
BRITISH DIVISION' READY
Cabinet Tall Considered Possible
and Tapers : Call for Firm,
"No" to Lloyd George.'
LONDON, March 4. Hints that dis
cussions were going, on between the
allies regarding- the possibility of
bridging the gulf between them and
the , Germans were heard last night.
Nothing tangible developed, however.
and members of the German delega
tion told newspaper men at;midnight
they had. heard nothing from Berlin
relative to the address made yester
day, by Premier. Lloyd George in pre
senting an ultimatum to Dr. Walter
Simons. ' ' - - '
The Daily Mirror -today eald it had
information that the British war of
fice was ready to place a division of
infantry at the disposal' of Marshal
Foch. ' .
A dispatch from. Brussels stated a
battery .' of artillery had " been dis
patched to German 'territory occu
pied by Belgian troops. None of the
newspapers professed to believe that
Germany would yield. Some writers
thought the position- of Dr, Simons
had become so difflcult that he might
be replaced, while others expressed
belief that the German cabinet would
resign and anotier government more
amenable to the allied demands would
be' formed." " J .. '-
. Awaiting advices from. Berlin as to
whether new' proposals' are to 'be sub-
- . Pacific! . Northwest.
Effort to oust . Miles Cannon.- Idaho com
mLwioner of agriculture, fails. Page J.
House leader denies trading - in . LiliS.
Page 7. . .
' V Sports,
Franklin wins, high school basketball
title. Page 16.
Basketball game . ends in near-riot.
Page 16. . 1
Oregon track team' Is considered ' good.
. Page 16. . ' ..
Kendall-Schuman bout to top next Mll-
wsukie card may not be negotiated.
Page 16. ... ,
Commercial and Marine.
Coast butter markets declining to spring
basis. "age 'Jii.
President's speech, export trade and crop
reports strengthen . wheat market.
Page 23.
Stock' dealings light and general tendency
downward. Page 23.
Bursting pipe sinks dredge Willamette in
harbor. Page 23.
Portland and Vicinity.
Creamery butter declines 4 ccnta a pound
in Portland. Page lo.
Council appoints two movie censors.
Page 24.
Conditions here far better than In eastern
cities, says Judge Carey. Page H,.
National flsh; day is next Wednesday.
Page 14.
Forty-five cents worth of groceries fig
ures in trial at police court. Page 4.
Dry chief grins at republican successor's
fate. Page 4.
Mother saves daughter from auto wheels
Page 4. j
Thomas A. Alarquam luncheon guest of
comrades of old Pirat Oregon regiment.
Page 13.
l)ruKH valued at 120,000 seized in raid.
Page 0. -
i
l
is
Calvin
... A
mitte'd to the allies on Monday, Dr.
Simons, German foreign secretary, and
the German experts are busy prepar
ing a reply to some arguments used
by Premier Lloyd George in deliv-
ing the allied ultimatum yesterday
Th3 Germans strongly, object to the
verdict of the allies that they were
entirely responsible for the war .and
the . premier's argument that if they
taxed themselves as France and Ens
land had done they would be able to
par ' what Is- demanded of them.
With regard to the question of re
sponsibility1 for the war, the Germans
maintain the European powers were
equally at fault ' and cite a recent
speech by Mr. Lloyd George in whjdh
he -is quoted as saying that tho world
drifted into the war.
It is hard to make a man who be
lieves he is Ihnoconf.say he is guilty,"
said a delegate todayv.-'Ag for myself
1 would rather commit- suicide than
admit Germany alone.was responsible.
Any governmeht which made such an
admission would promptly be over
thrown." ' . . '
It is the opinion' of Germans here
that new propositions will.be laid
before the- supreme-council but they
have no .hope, they w.111 .satisfy the
allies.. . They., nowfcar Tremier Lloyd
George, considering-that he commit-'
ted. himself so far,to- the, French view
in hi 6pecch yesterday that it
Is impossible for him to recede.
- Besides, they hold, the firm atti
tude displayed in yesterday's speech
was met with such approval in Great
Britain that the premier must real
ize he followed the popular view,
They believe approval was particu
larly noticeable respecting the deci
sion to occupy Duisburg, Ruhrort and
Duesseldorf, which was taken. It is
understood, with the idea of bringing
pressure on the big industrial enter
prises. .' .
The spokesman for the German del
egation declared this evening that no
reply was expected from Berlin be
fore Sunday night, as the cabinet
would take all the time possible to
consider the stuatlon arising from the
allied ultimatum.. .
BERLIN. March 4. (By the Asso
elated 'Press.) The German commun
1st party today made the . ultimatum
delivered by the a'lios to the German
delegation in London the occasion tor
revolutionary proclamation, ; In
which: the German workingmen-are
called on -to-overtnrow -the govern
ment, erect a soviet state and effect
a political ' and economical "'alliance
with Russia.
The communist announce that
demonstrations wil" be held Sunday,
The German newspapers, iir their
comment on the ultimatum to Ger
many on reparations are firm and
unanimous in demanding that the
government oppose the ultimatum
Ith "a determined no. ine lage-
blatt says it sees no purpose in wait
ing until Monday, as the amount de
manded in the Paris proposals is
holly out of th- question.
The Lokal Anzeiger says that if
Mr. Lloyd George actually believes
his own utterances, then -the people
ol the entente nations and the Ger
mans are living in different planets.
Vorwaerts sayj Mr. Lloyd George s
reference to Germany's acknowledg
ment of war guii as contained in
the peace treaty, has no moral or his
torical value, inasmuch as this con
fession was exacted in Versailles at
the point of -the revolver, - - j
; SENATORS CONFIRM
HARDING'S CABINET
PRESIDENT PRESENTS LIST
BODY ACTS QUICKLY.
Custom Inaugurated by Wasliinj
ton Revived When New' Leader
Attends Executive Session.
- : WASHINGTON, D. C, March 4.
President Harding presented his cabi
net nominations to the-senate today
.in- person and they were confirmed
by that body in less than 10 minutes.
The president late- signed the com
missions of his ten oftlciaj advisers,
who will enter tomorrow upon their
new duties. '
In appearing beforo the senate in
executive session," President Harding
revived a - custom inaugurated by
Georgo Washington, but in disuse
since, the days of Thomas Jefferson.
He explained that during his admin
lstration he wished to "maintain close
and amicable relations with the legis
lative branch and for that reason had
appeared to present his cabinet selec
tions." . .
Presentation of the nominations was
his first official act and occurred
within less than an hour after he had
taken the oath, of ffficc. While a quo
rum was being obtained Mr. Hard
ing waited In'his Troom of f the senate
chamber. During the wait he -carrfe to
the door for a minute to smile greet
ings to .newspaper correspondents. He
had scarcely re-entered the room be
fore the arrival of Senator Lodge and
Senator Underwood, the republican
and democratic leaders, who had been
appointed by Vice-President Coolidge
to inform the president that the sen
ate was ready, to. receive communica
tions from him. -
Mr. Harding-said he desired to pre
sent his message in" person' and was
escorted rinto- the- chamber,' the doors
to- which previously- had been closed
The president was escorted across
the familiar room where he served
six years before his call to the higher
office and to a place on-the rostrum
beside Mr. Coolidge.
Facing., his former colleague, , the
president spoke for perhaps five min
utes in happy, cordial yeln and then
read the nominations from a card
which he hold in his hand. He asked
for- early action In order, he said,
that there might be no liiatus In the
governments affairs.
Starting with Senator A. B. Fail of
New Mexico a courtesy because of
his 'senate membership the senate
went through the list and confirmed
all. No objection was raised, all
committees to which the nominations
ordinarily would have been referred
having been polled in advance.
The Cabinet officers confirmed
were:
Secretary of state Charles Evans
Hughes of New York.
Secretary of treasury Andrew W.
Mellon o" Pennsylvania.
Secretary of war John W. Weeks
of Massachusetts.
Secretary of navy Edwin Denby
of Michlcran.
(Concluded uu Pace 10, Column 1.)
Ex-President Gives Ho
Hint of Regret,
CHEERY MOID FAILS ONCE
"Senate Has Thrown Me
Down," Invalid Executive
Tells Senator Knox.
COOL GREETING FOR LODGE
Harding Shows Predecessor
Utmost Courtesy During
Brief Ceremony.
WASHINGTON. D. C, March 4
(By the Associated Prss.) Elpht
storm-tossed years In the presiden-y,
filled with moments and scenes that
will live forever In human history,
ended today for Woodrow Wilson,
"just plain Woodrow Wilson now." us
l.i smilingly asserted. ,
Under his own roof again as a pri
vate citi7.cn, he rested tonight with
his burdens of state transferred t,i
other shoulders1 and the shouting and
tumult of public placed behind him.
And through a day that had taxed liis
broken physical powers greatly, ho
came smiling with no hint at regret 'a
his retirement.
There was but one Incident when
that cheerful mood scimcd to fail.
Mr. Wtlson had been telling Senator
Knox that ho would not witness the
inauguration of Vioc-rresiih nt Coul
idge. as he doubted his ability to ne
gotiate the few etrps lie must climb.
Senate niamrd for Defeat.
The senate has thrown me down,"
he eald to the Pennsylvania senator,
in reference to battles of tho past,
and the peace t'faty, "but I am not
going to fail down."
A moment later someone called his
attention to the fact that Senator
Lodge- had arrived as head of tho
joint committee, to Inform the presi
dent that tho 64th congress stood
ready for adjournment.
Mr. Wilson turned toward the man
who led tho fight against the treaty.
Ilis face lost its smilo as ho listened
to tho senator's formal report and
there was in his tone a touch of cool
formality as he said:
"I have no further communication
to make. I appreciate your courtesy.
Good morning."
Wilson Absent l'rom Ceremony.
Mr. Wilson's share in the cere
monies remained In doubt to the last.
It was not until ho had finished the
business that called him to tliu capi
tol that he made known his yielding
to tho entreaties of his physician
and Mrs. Wilson to pare himself tin'
ordeal his physical' condition would
make of adherence to precedent.
From the moment he emerged front
tho White House to enter the auto
mobile that carried them to the capi
tol, Mr. Wilson was shown utmost
courtesy by Mr. Harding. As ho
started tho. painful descent of the-
White House steps Mr. Wilson waa
aided by the secret service men.
After he sank back Into his seat, Mr.
Harding stepped In and they rode
side by side, neither, In courtesy to
tho other, responding to tho chturs
or salutes that greeted them.
At the capitol the car drew up
first at tho senate wins entrance.
Mr. Harding and others in the ca:-.
except Mr. Wilson, ulighted uud hero
the crowd waited. Evidently it hud
been prearranged that there should
bi no public comparison to be dra A n
between the big strong figure of the
now president and the crippled form
of the old, for Mr. Wilson rode on
alone to a Httle-uscd door where ho
had but two steps to mount.
Rollins flinir licuorrd.
Mr. Wilson was lifted out of the
car and up tho two titeps by Arthur
Brooks, negro custodian of the Whito
House. At tho top he paused and
then, grasping his cane, but alone and.
unaided, he moved through tho door
to plod slowly over the 3Uk yards of
stono flagging to the elevator, lla
passed without heed a big rolling
chair.
The crowd at the other door set out
to find Mr. Wilson. They caught up
with him as ho turned toward an ele
vator. There were murmurs of sym
pathy as tho spectators caught sight
of the gray-haired figure going so
slowly and .with such evidence of
Hndilv nowers driven to their work
only by a mastering exercise of will;
but Mr. Wilson nodded and smiled as
ho forced himself on.
Lifted one floor In tho elevator, Mr.
Wilson still alone, made his way to
the president's room and the business
before him. He greeted the senators
waiting there, exchanged humorous
quips with some, and signed or waved
away bills laid before him.
Hnrdlnor Kxprriwirs Appreciation.
As he said good-bye to Mr. Wilson,
the incoming president again dis
played the sympathy he felt for his
stricken predecessor. They clasped
hands and Mr. Harding said:
"Good-bye, Mr. President. 1 know
von are clad to be relieved of your
(Concluded ou i'u-tjy 2, C'yiujaiu X)
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