8
THE MORXIXG OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1921
I struggle for peace and economic re
covery during the last two years has
convinced them of their need of
Established by Iienky I- pittock- American co-operation. Our own
interest requires that we give it, for
economic hoalth of Kucope is neces
sary to our prosperity, and that is
Impossible without political condi
tions which insure peace.
1 ub!i.-heJ bjr The Oreg-onian Publlshlnii Co..
a sixtn Street, i'ortland. Oregon.
' C A. JIOKDEN. K. B. I'lFKR.
Juanas-er. Editor.
Tbs Orranin is a member of ths Am
1te Press. The Associated Press U ex
clusively entitled to the lite for publication
vi all news uifpatches credited to It or not,
otherwise credited in thia paper and also
ine local newa published herein. All rights
vt pnblication of special dispatches hereto
Kre also reserved.
Subscription" Kate Invariably U Advance.
(By MaU.)
rIl-, Sunday Included, ons year 18.00
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THE PrBLIC AND THE TEACHERS.
The legislature has passed the
amended teachers' tenure bill. It is
entirely in accord with the sober and
uninfluenced judgment of the state.
The effort to have It appear that
tenure would be destroyed, or the
security of the teaching: force in any
way impaired, by the measure was
rot successful. It had no basis in J
fact, as the legislature clearlysaw,
and the informed portion of the pub
is 00 lie, including the teachers, well
could he and at the same time sat
isfy all the deserving democrats?
This, is the most unseasonable of
all times to write platforms, when t
newly elected president and -congress
are about to take office. The next
democratic platform will deal with
what President Harding and his
party have done, not with what Mr.
Eryan thinks ought to be done. It
will deal with deedB, not with jin
gling words. By the time it is framed
many of Mr. Bryan's planks will
have become as completely out of
date as his free silver plank of 1896,
and the democracy will likely follow
some other leader than Mr. Bryan.
By Carrier.)
Jaily. Punrinv lnpuil.ri , vttr
Ju;.. f-unday Included three months, il.2,1 i.
laiiy. without Sunday, one year... 7.60 J Under the present law a teacher
i.l.'i' r ;Snut Cun2aJr- thre no""- ? in Multnomah county may be dis-
iajiy. without fcunday. one month.... .66 1 . . . .
"ow to Kern it Send poatoffic money v.nj. i iuo iuC
order. txnTviui ne iu. r,,r i kw n vnuF t? n rl an flnrienf tinnr-i, is nrnvided
local bank. Stamp, coin or currency are I l'nit-P th new apt n teacher mav be
at awner-s risk. Uive postoffice addicsa in V .er tne. "e act a "acner may De
u i. including county and state. aiscnarged lor cause, out only Dy a
Pnetace Kntev t to is paces, l cent: is vote of five of the seven members of
ru -i w-zzrrx r:':zni th. raa jorlty of the'
o- to va rages, 6 cents, f oreign I Doara ravors aropping a teacner, tie
l-oatatre double rate. or gne s givea the ri&nt of appeal to
u-iSbTidTsaTO outside body; and its action is
uranin, otejer building, Chicago; ver-1 iinai. Alter tne two years prona-
-nsiui. free Press building. Ui
trolt. Mich.; Verree at Conklin. gelling
tionary period, tenure is, as it has
liuridinir. Portland: San i'rintij reure-1 been, permanent, and may be ter-
-...-., i. j. uiaweii. i rr.inated onlv bv voluntary retire-
ment on the one hand, or by affir-
IT WE CANCEL WAB DEBT. I mative action on the other hand.
The letter from J. M. L. of Bend following a public trial and record
euivocatlns- nniii .in... action, now can it De saia mat un-
r v...1.l,.ii..1uu vi, aaicu l , .
debts to th United States treats the
der the revised plan, a worthy, and
s-mrat Anf nrinirQl rT agfhar is in
tabject both as one of high abstract the sliehtest jeopardy? In it con-
iustice and as one of high policy. In I ceivable that five or seven members
favor of wiping out the debt it mav I of a school board would conspire to
le contended that the great profits I remove any one who did not deserve
made by sale of munitions to the I removal ? If that is so, .our whole
ailies during1 the first half of the scheme of popular government is a
war were tainted money, beine failure. Nobody can be trusted to
fctained with the blood of those who I exercise authoritylbver anybody.
were fighting; for us and who later! It is well enough to recall that the
became our comrades: that our In- I teachers rejected all overtures for
tervention was a practical acknowl- I compromise with the board, or with
ecginent of this fact, and that to the proponents of any measure tend
cancel the debt would only be resti- I ing to restore any part of the board's
tution to clear our national con-I authority over them. It was a mis-
bcience. That would be an act of tcke. Now a bill has been paaed.
submission to a principle of justice I ar.d will doubtless be approved
that is not found in any law. but by the governor, going somewhat
it would accord with the hitrh stand, farther though not much rtnan
urd of international morality set bv I was originally proposed. It is a di
the nation which remitted the ex- I rect consequence of the organized
cewive part of the Boxer indemnity venture by the teachers into prac-
and which renounced any claim to tical politics. If they could not, or
var indemnity from Spain in 189S would not, tru!t the school board to
und from Germany in 1918. do them justice, they should not
Keasons of policy dictated bv na- I have offended the sensibilities both
tional interest point the same way. I of the public and of the legislature
e are having it driven home to us I ty raising a large sum or nionev ana
that America cannot oromer whllo I hiring professional lobbyists fo set
Kurope is economically prostrate. I up an establishment at Salem.
The debt of the allies to us and their
t!ehts to one another do much to I
prevent Europe's recovery. If that
eiepressing weight were removed, the
steadily rising tide of prosperity in
KEEP VP THE KOADS.
The state of Oregon has gone into
a comprehensive plan of building
roads, through money raised by the
sale of bonds and through direct
taxation. Millions of dollars have
been expended in construction, under
the act of 1917, and, millions are yet
to be expended. There are few to
say, from the results so far accom
plished, that a mistake has been
made; there are many to say that
the wisdom of the plan is very abun
dantly justified.
But roads once built must be
maintained. It will take money and
a lot of it. i Since the automobile is
to be made to pay for the main
roads, it is proposed, without serious
objection, that it assume the burden
of maintaining them.
The weight system of license taxes
for automobiles is based on -sound
principles and it should be accepted
at Salem. An increased gasoline tax,
too, is inevitable. J
If we are to build roads, and use
them, they must be kept up.
government tries to tax incomes be
yond a certain point, it fires a boom
erang, for the tax finally operates "to
take money out of the treasury, not
to put money in. When congress
levies excessive taxes, it in effect pits
the wits of the very mediocre men
who enter the civil service against
the wits of the men who have been
smart enough to acquire or preserve
fortunes and who can find many
legal ways of eluding the tax-collec
tor. It is estimated by men who
haver studied such questions that an
income tax not exceeding 80 per-cent
wculd tempt billions out of hiding
in exempt securities and into pro
ductive investments, which would
then yield revenue, and the govern
ment would secure much more gross
revenue than It derives from the
present surtaxes. It mas be just, to
take a higher percentage, but it
must be captured by some other
means than an income tax, for when
wealth has been transmuted into in
come, it Is the most elusive thing in
creation. v
wrrrxG orr a cbetna green.
It is not to be supposed that the
marriage bill which has passed the
a world whose energy was revived Washington senate has been framed
by hope renewed would in a few I solely to please Portland, but if it
rears repay this and the other credi- shall be finally enacted this city will
tor nations for their abnegation. I be forever grateful. It is not clear
By so acting the L'nited States just how much the marrying bu.i-
would establish an undisputable ness at Vancouver has had to do
right to demand that other nations with preparation of trie bill but sure
art in the same spirit. The troubles ly the Washington' legislature can-
of the nations are in large part I not be unmindful of the near-scan-
due to economic war inspired by race dalous conditions that have been
hatred. The states of central Ku- brought about in the city across the
rope are half starving themselves I river.
by trying to starve one another, Whatever may be said of the inef-
though every motive except malice fectiveness of the Oregon physical
dictates that they help one another I examination law in the promotion of
to live. How this is done may be eugenics in marriage, it is an ob-
seen from this extract from an ar
ticle in the London Times by Wil
liam Hard, who accompanied Sen
ator McCormick on his recent tour
of Kurope:
stacle to marriage on impulse in
Oregon. But it .is a short streetcar
ride to Vancouver and there is no
need there to hunt up a physician to
make a phvsical examination or. for
When I was In Vienna I learned from I that matter, a justice of the peace or
technical adviser of the Austrian koy- a minister to tie the knot. Vancou
in T,,ria"d "bTrS".'..' 'ITc ver is the officiating place of all the
;t coking- coal from t'zecho-siovakia. Hut I snap-shot marriages that get their
the supply of coking- coal from Czccho- inspiration in I'ortland. Officiating
Slovakia is dependent on the measure of I, m:o.,, h.m. nmmor.
tne supply of non-cokine coal coming into " "... " -
i'zecho-SiovRkia from Timer Silesia. Vn cializcd it IS a business In that
he non-coking coal com in it Into t'zecho- I Gretna Green. And the truth of the
.tani.'jr i'J','""' '.'k iair" old adage. "Marry in haste, repent at
such coal (coin from t'pper Silesia inlo
,emiaiiy. And the amount jroinir into
.-rniany Is affected by the amount of
erman coal Kuins; out of Uermany into
a-ranee ana ilelsium and Italy.
Remission of debt to the Panubian
states and Poland should be condi
tional on their accepting and acting
upon the principle that free ex
change of commodities and free com
munication are necessary to the life
of all. A distressed debtor who
waMes his remaining assets in grati
fying ill-will against his neighbors
lias no claim to indulgence from
1ms creditors.
By the course suggested the United
States would also establish the right
to demand revision of the treaties
leisure," is borne out later in the
Oregon divorce courts.
The Washington bill requires that
an application for license to marry
shall be posted in the office of the
county auditor for fifteen days be
fore license shall be issued. If it
passes, -the contracting of marriage
in Vancouver by Portland folk will
not be so common a practice but
wherein it is follower m.ere win oe
more likelihood that the marriage
has been given the consideration
tiiat so important a step deserves.'
EAXE COrNTY BEGINNINGS.
The death in Twin Falls, Idaho, of
SL John B. L. Skinner recalls a
name famous in the annals of Lane
county, Oregon. Mr. Skinner, born
on November 17, 1851, was Lane
county's first white male child, and
two sisters, Leonora and Phoebe,
born on September 2, 1848, and
March 29, 1850, were the first two
children born in the county. The
Skinners were Lane county pioneers
n the fullest sense .of the term.
Eugene Skinner, the father, for
whom the city of Eugene was named
and whose donation land claim. gave
the name to Skinner's Butte, was also
a pioneer of Pblk county, where an
elder daughter, Mary, was born in
1846. - -
Government in Oregon was in em
bryo when Eugene Skinner arrived
in Polk; the Oregon question ceased
to be- a national issue only in the
year, 184 6, in which he took pos
session of his claim on the pres
ent site of Eugene, to which he
moved in May, 1847, fifteen months
before President Polk signed the
bill for the organization of Oregon
ao a territory. Mrs. Skinner was for
some years the only white woman in
that region, then infested by Indians
of uncertain temper, and the Skin
r.er children were reared under cir
cumstances that ft were pleasanter
to recall man to enaure agum
Their lot was typical of that of many
of the pioneers of immigrations prior
to formal creation of the territory
St. John Skinner was a farmer by
vocation and avtocation. When Lane
county became populous he sought
the more open region in the vicinity
of Kellogg, Idaho, from where
1904 he removed to the Twin Kails
district. He was of the type, so com
mon in the formative period of the
republic,- but unfortunately rarer
now, who felt instinctive attachment
for the soil. Those who made farms
in the wilderness under conditions
that prevailed in the forties in Ore
gron and still retained affection foi;
the farmer's calling' were not made
to be balked by the relatively minor
discouragements of the present.
THE MAN WHO DOES OT KNOW HE'S
1E.W.
W. J. Bryan's exhortations to the
with Germany, Austria and Hungary I democratic party carry the implica-
in certain respects. This should not tion that he expects it to recall him
be in the direction of greater len- I to lead it out of the woe into which
iency toward Germany, but of great- I it is plunged. He may listen long
er severity on some points. The I for that call, but it will not come,
conduct of that country since the for all but a faithful few hold him
armistice was signed proves that it I responsible for their woe.
-till holds to the "scrap of paper" I Though he party entered the
theory regarding treaties. No I campaign loaded with Wilson's war
longer able to enforce that theory record and his still worse peace
by military force, it does so-by all rcjord. Mr. Bryan added to the load
manner of chicanery. Literally by declaring for the 'republican posi-
hundreds of notes have been written t'on on the league. When it was
by German foreign ministers deny- I disposed to be discreetly and silently
jng( defending, explaining or evad- wet. he strove to pin a dry tag on it,
lng well proved charges of violation thereby forcing it to repudiate dry-
ot the Versailles treaty. They outdo ness. He thereafter gave it no help
even President Wilson as note- In the unequal struggle or, worse, he
writers. When the amount and said things which gave comfort to
terms of the reparation indemnity the enemy. In acknowledgment of
have been definitely fixed, the I these favors he expects a grateful
Harding administration should I party to make him its leader and he
g.ve iivrmany to understand that the I offers it a platform almost four
w hole power of the United States I years ahead of the convention. There
win re joined to that of the allies is much doubt who will lead the
lr. enforcing disarmament and' pay-I democracy during the years when it
Jtient of reparation. -No more shirk-I will wander hungry and athirst in
lnu of those conditions should be the desert, but his name is probably
permitted, for until they are fulfilled not Bryan. Whither did he ever
no agreement to disarm can be I lead the democracy except defeat?
made, no economic stability can be I The twenty-two planks that he
reached. I offers for a platform include many
The treaty should be revised in I of his old standbys, some modern
Filch manner as will strengthen Po-I adaptations of others and some brand
Jana as a barrier against aggression I new ones. All betray the old Bryanic
by -either Germany or Russia. Hav- I obsession that, if you want to make
ir-g been guilty of breaking the treaty I everybody happy, all that is neces-
by commercially boycotting Toland. I sarv is to pass a law reading: Be
by-withholding the agreed amount I it enacted that everybody shall be
of Silesian coal, by systematic ter- I happy," and, hey presto! everybody
rorism in Upper Silesia for the pur-I ia happy.
pose of winning the plebiscite and By thaf kind of magic Mr. Bryan
Vy inciting Danzig to refuse Polund proposes to establish a national bul-
ti.e of the port, Germany has for- letin that shall be impartial, to end
felted the extreme leniency shown
by the allies. Poland should have
both Upper Silesia and Danzig abso
lutely, together with the Polish parts
of East Prussia, which the Germans
-o!onized for .tire plebiscite while
Polish voters were absent at war.
Poland might then be required to
acknowledge independence on con
dition of free access to Baltic ports.
An act of grace like forgiveness
of war debts would be a far beter
ground for the United States to
assume the position of arbiter on
matters which selfish interest pre
vents the European powers from
labor disputes, prohibit gambling in
foodstuffs, prevent depositors from
losing by bank failures, raise liberty
bonds to par, deflate the currency
without deflating .debtors, abolish
the monopolies .which republican
presidents have tried more earnestly
to abolish than any democratic pres
ident has tried. He would introduce
economy and efficiency, though his
party, while doing lip-service to
those virtues, has excelled in the
corresponding vices. He would re
tain the. excess profits tax, which
has made opportunity for the prof
iteers whom he would exterminate,
ttttluiB justly. .Xiitir uusuccusbful and he would reduce taxation. ' How
A TAX THAT IS A BOOMERANG.
A peculiar . situation has arisen
from the issue of large amounts of
tax-exempt government bonds and
from the suit in which the authority
of congress , to exempt farm loan
bonds from taxation is disputed.
Federal land banks cannot sell any
bonds on the open market until that
suit is decided, but they have appli
cations for loans totaling JG5.000.U00
and many farmers badly need money.
Therefore it is proposed that until
June 30, 1922, the secretary of the
treasury buy $200,000,000 of farm
lean bonds, to be redeemed within
three years.
Objection was made by Senator
Calder that about J 15,000.000,000 in
tax-exempt securities had already
been issued in this country, that the
rich had invested their surplus in
come in them in order to escape the
high surtax on incomes, and that the
proposed purchase of farm loan
bonds would add to the field for fur
ther investment of the same kind and
hence for further evasion of the in
come tax. The answer was that, as
those bonds would be government
property and would remain in the
treasury, they would be exempt in
any case.
The government is thus reduced to
the necessity of buying bonds in or
der to help the farmer and to pre
vent those bonds from being used as
a device for escaping income tax.
and of buying them with some of the
money that it derives from taxes.
The farmers' need of this govern
ment aid arises largely from scarcity1
of private capital for farm loans.
That scarcity is due to heavy invest
ment of surplus income in exempt
securities at a time when such in
vestments are usually abundant and
attractive, thus absorbing capital
which would normally go into pri
vate enterprise. Surplus income is
thus invested because it would be
heavily taxed if invested in private
enterprise. Therefore when the gov
ernment wants to help the farmer
whom this system of taxation de
prives of capital, it must make the
loan itself. The circle is complete.
Some senators estimated that as
much as a billion- dollars could be
lent to the farmers with advantage
both to them and the country, and
thev agreed that farm land, is the
best security. Senator Calder said
that the -efumber of homes in the
cities and towns was 1,500,00 short
of the people's needs, and that it
would cost $5,000,000,000 to supply
them. If states and cities were to
issue bonds to supply these needs,
these bonds would be tax-exempt,
and the rich would gobble.them. If
the government were to issue them
and were to exempt them in order to
give the home-builder the benefit of
low interest, the rich would gobble
those also. It could only keep thera
out of the hands of the rich by keep
ing them itself and supplying the
money itself from its revenue. But
it has no billions to spare, for it is'
scratching for money to pay its an- 1
nual expenses. .
The conclusion is that, when the
NOTHING TO JVORKV ABOCT.
For those who are like the man
who worried because he read that
the sun was going to give out in
10,000 years more there will be en
couragement in a book written by
Joseph McCabe on "The End of the
World," in which it is pointed out
that although ice ages follow one
another with relatively decreasing
intervals, it probably will be some
millions of years before the next
one occurs. By that time many things
may happen. It is not certain that
life will perish from earth as a con
sequence. Probably It did so in the
four or five ice ages through which
the world has already passed, but
modern science, as the sweet girl
graduate would say, is a wonderful
thing, and it is interesting-to specu
late on the state we shall be in if
we continue to progress for some
millions of years more at the pace
that science has maintained for the
past three-quarters of a century.
Heretofore the race has been ex
tinguished by want of food to sus
tain it during periods of excessive
cold. But. food consists in perma
nent natural elements transmuted
into assimilable form and scientists
are not unmindful of the possibility
of discovering artificial nourishment
It is true that no success has at
tended recent experiments, but much
may be hoped for in a million years.
With the problem of sustenance
solved, and with more light on the
radioactive energies of the universe,
it is possible that we shall he able
to keep warm as well as live without
eating. The manifest advantage of
this would be that the race might
carry through the next ice age th
experience that it has aireaay
gained, instead of being compelled
to go - through another cave ma
period and to toil laboriously upward
again to another modern civilization,
Our previous ice ages have bee
vast distances apart, as all but geolo
gists and astronomers would reckon
time and distance, but they have
recurred with growing frequency
The author calculates that the tim
between them may have diminished
each time by 40 per cent. There are
still, however, some millions of years
ip which to prepare for the inevit
able, and perhaps some millions
multiplied by millions before the age
of permanent ice begins.. By tha
time the modern economic principl
that something is always happenin
to upset our calculations ought to
have justified itself. The future
thus mapped out should hold
terror for the most faint-hearted
optimist.
It is also reassuring meanwhile to
be told that in all probability peril
ot annihilation by collision with
some riant star that follows no
regular course is even remoter, than
the permanent ice age. for some
thing really to worry about we must
look to the time when our sun will
become deceased. And since the
sun's life is likely to encompass a
number of ice ages and their inter
vals of pleasing and life-suntaining
arnith. there seems to be no rea-
scn why human beings now living
should not devote most-of their time
to consideration of every-day affairs.
HERE IT IS ALL FIGURED OL
Earth la Square, Stands om One Cor-
er and Sun and Moon Are One,
PORTLAND, Feb. ,18. (To the Ed
itor.) Volivav overseer of Zlon, is not
so far wrong in his opinion of th
shape of the earth. The world is
ejther flat or square. , It cannot pos
Fibly be round and revolve on Its axl
for the simple reason there is no on
there to grease the axis. If the world
is square, which seems possible, it
stands on one corner and sways to
and fro, thereby sloshing the oceans
to and fro, which accounts for the
tides water forced to a higher level
tlutn the surface of the ocean.
When ' an earthquake occurs th
world tips and trembles into space
and lands on another corner and re
sumes its grand functions as before
The geographical formations of th
earth can only be changed by the
earth hitting too hard, during an
earthquake and punching the poin
through, thereby putting seas on land
and land under seas. The earth
stands almost entirely still when bal
ancea on its tip.
Moon and sun are one body, moon
on one side and sun on the other.
when the sun goes down the moon
comes up. It Is simply done by the
body turning or flopping over. The
body of the moon and sun is square
ake the earth and is only 112 mile
square and 2600 miles from the earth
It does not revolve around the earth
but sways about in like proportion t
the earth, but not in harmony with
the earth. The moon and sun rays
reflect on the earth at the same time,
onen the light side and the othe
on the dark side. When we think
we see the sun and moon at the same
time, one is all we see, it being a
shadow of the first.
What we see as clouds are reflec
tions from ocean waves and denote
the gentle movement of the earth as
more rapid than the true rapidity of
the earth sway. The vast body of
water swirls, breaks and settles rap
idly, and this accounts for the clouds
which are a reflection of the oceans,
having- their rapid movements. The
gentle swaying of the earth is In
visible to the naked eye. We only
know of the earth's movement when
an earthquake happens.
Modern science is In error in re
gard to the earth's shape, functions
ot sun-moon, tides, etc. Vollva is
half right in regard to a stationary
earth, but as wrong when he claims
it is flat as modern science is when
it asserts the earth is round.
OTTO D. DRAIN.
ig
Voliva, who a few weeks ago
would punish all the boozers by
drowning them in liquor, now says
the earth is flat, not round, else all
the water would -"spill off. Voliva
needs to sit in with the second A
lass awhile. Once there was a fel-
rtw with a cult who taught we were
vins on the' inside of the earth and
not on the surface. He made people
believe that and gathered quite a
olony, which thrived until the
leader got "thick with the sisters
and all broke out to the surface.
Some day, when a paternal govern
ment shall examine everybody's
ead, there will be'a big bunch of
mpties. , -
King Alfonso of Spain, it's re-
orted, will ask the United States
lease to withdraw her marines from
Santo Domingo and let the people
lone. In view of a somewhat simi
lar. request the United States once
made to Spain, probably he thinks
he has good precedent to follow.
The army signal corps asks con
gress to appropriate J35.000 to feed
its carrier pigeons, instead of the
$5000 to which the" item has been
sliced. It really seems, though, that
the pigeons should be able fo worry
along without ice cream and pie,for
dessert In these times.
Von Tirpitz says the United States
should have a big navy. A few
more indorsements of that kind
would about convince the American
people that we should have no navy
at all.
The last of the old school desper
adoes was shot fatally in Oklahoma
yesterday, but there are enough of
the new school to keep peace 'offi
cers busy.
AR.HERS ASKING TWO THINGS
Co-operative Marketing and Continu
ance of Kiperlmrnt Work Desired.
PORTLAND. Feb. J8. (To the Edi
tor.) Agriculture in Oregon, as else
where, is in distress. Farm mortgages
In Oregon have increased from 35.7
per cent ten years ago to 4.7 per cent
at the present time Indicating that
agriculture lias been a losing busi
ness during that period. Farmers are
seeking relief in every way possible
and are now asking the passage of
the co-operative marketing bill. They
are also intensely interested In secur
ing the appropriation asked of the
ways and means committee for the
purpose of continuing experiment
station work and extension service
work, both of which are vitally
necessary to the future of agricultures
in tne state. They want the lull
sum asked because it is reasonable
and it is indeed, and they want it
appropriated from the general funds
and not taken from the millage tax
which provides for resident instruc
tion at the Oregon Agricultural Col
lege.
Out of every hundred dollars which
our government spends annually, only
30 cents is spent for scientific, re
search in agriculture. England, since
the war, has appropriated $5,000,000
for scientific research alone; France
appropriated in 1920 more than $29.-
000.000 for regular agricultural work,
or $5,000,000 more than twice as much
as the ITnited States appropriated for
like service. The farmer feeds every
body. Appropriations are not for hi
Those Who Come and Go. 1
. "The peopla, of Oregon and Wash
ington are regaining their confi
dence," declared N. D. Kncttle of
Pomeroy, Wash, yesterday at the Im
perial. "I'm certainly glad of it, be
cause that is the only way that busi
ness can progress." vMr. Knettle, who
is a Pomeroy banker, was supported
yesterday in his opinion by Charles
Martin, art Oregon man, who has just
returned to Portland after traveling
through AVashlngton and Oregon. "I
find that business is loosening up."
he said. find that people are more
ready to spend their money now than
they were 30 days ago. In my visit to
many towns, I have had n oppor
tunity to find the trend of the public
toward buying." Mr. Martin deals in
cattle, sheep and horses. He has
been particularly Interested in horses
lately. He has recently been in the
Yakima valley and the Spokane coun
try. Mr. Knettle is an old-time resi
dent of the northwest. He and his
son are both bankers.
It was by mere accident that A. F.
Spawn happened onto the process of
making evaporated ban: -as into good
coffee. "The whole thing began very
simply," said J' . Spawn yesterday at
the Multnomah. "As I was return
ing from a trip to Australia, I was
introduced .to a New York whole
saler, wliobe specialty was coffee. As
I was showing him some of my dehy
drated products, he asked me if I
hadn't used coffee in the composition
of the bananas. I assured him that
I hadn't, but he said that coffee could
be made from 'my bananas. Several
months later I happened to think of
this conversation and roasted some
evaporated bananas In a pop corn
roaster. After grinding, I made cof
fee from this composition, which.
much to my surprise, pleased every
one who tried it." ilr. Spawn is de
lighted with his discovery, although
he sometimes has to go to great
ength in explaining thoroughly that
he coffee which some of his friends
have just been drinking is really
made from a banana.
John Burroughs' Nature
Notes.
J. W. Moffatt of Oregon City la a
modest man. There are still some left,
who run from reporters and wish to
withhold tjeir names from the col
umns of newspapers. There is one
thing, however, in which Mr. Moffatt
is so interested that he cannot keep
rom talking about It. That one thing
is his family. "I have the best wife in
the state of Oregon," he said yester
day at the Imperial, "but I'm afraid
she wouldn't like to see her name in
rint. My daughter Jean and my son
ohn are in school and are certainly
plendid children. Jean is just
hrough high school." Mr, - Moffatt
as lived in Oregon City for .35 years.
He was one of the men who handled
the construction work for the wil-
amette pulp and paper mill. In the
early days he did construction work
for the Camas paper mills. He is a
great believer In Oregon industries.
Charles H. Whirmore of Salem, who
s connected with the ptate highway
ommisslon, is here ror- few days.
Mr. Whitmore has been assigned to
adjust all claims arising between con
tractors and district engineers in the
state of Oregon. He made a name for
imself when he was in charge of the
market roads of the state and worked
n co-operation with the county com-
'ssioners. In that capacity he called
pon ail the county courts or the
tate. Mr. Whitmores work took
Im for a time to Pendleton. His new
ork as an adjuster will continue to
take him into all corners of Oregon.
lthough his headquarters will still
e in the capital city.
, Can Yotr-Answer These Qarsttnusf
1. Is the humming bird of any use?
2. Will a chipmunk experiment with
new kinds of food?
3. How can a beaver move a log
from the place where it is cut to the
site of a dam? -
Answers In tomorrow's nature
notes.
Answers to previous questions:
1. Will woodchucks attack a human
being?
A mature woodchuck Is wary rather
than ferocious and prefers to run
rather than show fight when ap
proached by a human being. Half
grown specimens have been known
to show temper and to dispute the
right of way. A case Is known where
some autoists had an amusing en
counter In northern New Jersey with
a young woodchuck which not only
stood "a ground in the road as the
automobile approached, but when ona
of the occupants got out to crank
the cai- which had stopped to let
the cccupants gaxe at the little
chuck the small animal made a jump
at the intruder.
2 Please tell all you know about
the snow snake.
Among all the snakes listed as in
habiting the L'nited States there is
none known as the snow snake, to
science at any rate. It is probable
that the correspondent sending this
inquiry has Been an albino snake.
Albinos are known among practically
an Kinds or snakes, just as they oc
cur among birds and some animals.
There Is a white gopher snake, also
called pine and bull snake (found in
typical form in pine woods along the
Atlantic coast and' in the middle
states) that, is dull white on back,
co rpicuously white on its sides and
nearly all white on the abdomen, but
it is spotted with black.
3. How is it possible for ants and
bees to start home on the right
course with their loads of food?
The homing instinct in creatures
is a faculty that can be observed.
tested, experimented with, etc, but
cannot be explained. Fabre. the
French naturalist, made elaborate
tests of bees, -marking certain mem
bers of a colony with a touch of
paint, and then carrying them in a
closed container to a distance where
he freed them. He had hardly re
turned home when the marked mem
bers began straggling in. He also
tried to confuse cats, carrvinir them
ofX in a closed basket and twirling
the basket to upset the cat's sense
of direction, but the latter worked
as usual, and "the cat came back."
Non-Support and Income Tax.
PORTLAND, Feb. IS. (To the Ed
itor.) What would be the penalty
for a man-lii claim v,-i, r,t i,, tmn.
j income tax when he has not support
ed nis wite or maintained a home,
but will claim he is married?
v TESrilE.
For a man to claim Exemption on
the ground that he is married, when
he fails to support his wife or main
tain a home Is contrary to the Income
tax law. The penalty woi(ld di-pend
on the motives and other circum
stances of the case which could only
be brought out by an Investigation
or trial.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montague.
THE I'IRITAXS.
Samuel Elliott of Bo (on toll, us that
th Puritana -er, merely vulgar, Ifnorani,
uneducated men.
We learn with a pa ox of regret.
Which cuts to our lnnermoHt quicks.
That the men, of the Mayflower sot
Were merely a parcel of hicks.
Though history pictures the Puritans'
lives
As steeped In a roseate glamour.
The fact has come out that they ate
with their knives
And used the most terrible gram
mar. N
The men. when they'd dug out the
rocks
That the soil they had cleared
miirht be tilled,
Would sit round the house In their
socks
And brag of the bears they had
killed.
They never disputed as smart people
do
On Gilbert K. Chesterton's fallacies:
They never read Main Street, and
nothing they Knew
Of Bergaon or psychoanalysis.
If Bradford came back here today,
And .happened by curious chance.
To go to a glided cafe
On the night of a Puritan dance.
A bouncer of wiry and muscular
build
Would pick up a handy decanter.
And the founder and head of the
Puritan guild,
Would land on the car track
instanter.
A small town and commonplace lot.
The pilgrims lacked culture und
charm.
Like thousands of reubens we've got
On many a back county farm.
It's hard to conceive how they ever
won out.
Their manners, you'd think would
forbid it;
And yet it's conceded, beyond any
doubt.
That somehow or other tbvy did it.
Looks Like Polities.
Is it possible that Mr. Harding Is
playing for the colored voto in 19J4
by putting a Mellon in his Cabinet?
Tke Old Stuff.
John Barleycorn Is dead and buried.
but a lot of people will vote In his
name when the' next election comes
round.
Economy.
The Columbia professor who Is ad
vising us to burn our liberty boudH
has probably discovered that Just now
they are a cheap substitute for coal.
(Copyright. 19:'l. by -the Bell Syndi
, cate. Inc.)
benefit alone, but for the benefit o
all. An appropriation is being asked
of $100,000 for the purpose of attract
ing tourist travel.. . This will beneti
directly the. cities and towns more
than it will the farmer and is jus
bout equal to the appropriation
asked for experiment station and ex
tension service work.
Will farmers get it? If not, why
not? How will the vote stand on the
proposition? How does the Mult
nomah county delegation, which em
braces the .city of Portland, stand?
It would be exceedingly gratifying
to us to see the people and press of
Portland active in behalf of the
farmer on these measures.
GEORGE A. MANSFIELD.
President Oregon State Farm Bureau
Rxprnae Money and Income Tax.
PORTLAND. Feb. 18. (To the Edi
tor.) Lady traveling in small towns
n the state of Oregon as a demon
strator in grocery stores receives a
salary of $20 per week plus flS per
week for board and lodging, in add!
ion to the railroad fare paid by the
manufacturer. Would she be required
o pay Income tax on the board and
lodging: allowance in addition to the
Ha 1 rv ?
When living at home a straight
salary of 120 per week is received and
o oilier expenses. contends tnac
the hotel, expenses while traveling
re exempt, owing to the high rates
harged transient guests: while B in
ists that the government has made
o provision for the commercial trav
eler and tax must be paid on the total
salary and board and lodging al-
owance. VV ho is right?
PERSISTENT READER.
Yes. the board and lodging is a tax
able item under the income tax law
Governor Lowden is about the
first politician in the history of the
world who ever admitted that he
wasn't qualified for a job.
After a long lapse the adminis
tration is again running, true" to
form. A "sharp note" has just been
dispatched to China. -
Pendleton without ice would be
unthinkable except that they, have
po use for water chasers any more.
The way state senators talk at
each other sounds scandalous, only
they don't mean half of it.
Harding has ordered luncheon at
the White House for March 4. Hope
tit includes Oregon prunes. .
There "Alnt" No Snake.
ALBANY, Or., Feb. 17. (To the
Editor.) Feeling, keenly, the humili-
tion that Albany has not as yet en-
ered into the field of science bear-
ng upon the all-absorbing question
of the propagation of snakes, in -the
face of all the authority that the
Oregon snakeologlsts have dug up.
desire to have it distinctly known
hat I am some burner of the mid-
ixht oil in research on this vital
ssue, which seems to be sidetracking
uch commonplace Items of passing
nterest as Harding's cabinet, pros
pective war, world's financial read-
ustment, etc.
God bless these reptile researchers
souls, don't they know that, sans
hisky, sans wine, sans beer, sans
) moonshine, there "alnt" no
snakes! C. J. HOWARD.
Slow Work. Hampers Pnblic.
PORTLAND, Feb. 18. (To the -Editor.)
Everybody who lives or has
business on the east side is painfully
aware that the great congestion oc
curs on the entrance to the bridges.
Especially is the entrance to the Mor
rison bridge from the west side ag
gravating. But how much more so
has it been for the past ten days
while the crossing at Front and Mor
rison has been torn up.
It seems to me that if the city au
thorities have any influence what
ever on the railroad companies that
are doing this work they should in
sist that work be done on this cross
ing for 24 hours ot the day instead
of a measly eight hours. The delay
on this work is an outrage on the
public. R. M. TUTTLE.
Two Go Out Totretlter.
Philadelphia Ledger.
J. C. Black, whose home now is
all over Oregon." is in Portland over
the week end. Mr. Black was born
and reared in Halsey. Or. In the
ummer time he covers Alaskan towns
for a Portland concern and in the
vinter keeps fairly well within the
bounds of the Pacific coast states. He
has just returned from a Irip to Be.1
lingham, Wash. He has brought back
from Alaska many interesting tales.
He has a pet story about porcupines,
which he says are so tame in Seward
that they follow the residents into
stores and impede their progress ip
getting through doorways.
W. S. Houck is the man who is
credited with making things hum in
McMinnville. He Is considered one of
the town's greatest boosters and is
now serving his second term as
mayor of the city. He says he be
lieves -thoroughly In McMinnville and
his county s products and ao finds it
easy to keep others enthused. Mr.
Houck is a flouring mill man. II
formerly marketed the crops of nearly
the whole county. He sold his flour
ing mill several years ago, about the
time he was first made mayor. He is
now a grain merchant as well as the
city's chief executive.
The town of Rufus, Or., is missin
one of its prominent residents this
week-end. He is J. S. Fowler, who
is at the Perkins. Rufus, which Is
in Sherman county. 113 miles east of
I'ortland, is not noted for Its size, but
those who live there and know it
well love it. It is 18 miles north of
Moro, the county seat.
Charles B. Hervey, assistant tc
E. V. Hauser. president of tha Mult
nomah, left yesterday for California.
Mrs. Hervey will go to California the
first of the week. They will look
over a hotel which they Intend to
purchase in the south. Mr. Hervey
has had wide experience In hotel
management.
Al A. Roberts, chief . of police at
Pendleton, is in Portland for a few
days at the Perkins on government
business. He has lived in Oregon
many years and was formerly deputy
United States marshal. Evaders ot
the law know his strength of pur
pose and are learning to keep out of
his way.
Miss Marie Sommers. secretary to
the manager of the Multnomah hotel
A. B. Campbell, is developing Into an
active lobbyist. She has spent sev
eral days in Salem lately, but will
not divulge the nature of the bills in
which she Interested. She Is
prominent member of the Portland
Women's club.
Mrs. R. A. Arnold. Ava A. Brellard
and Ardinelle Clark were among
those who came to Portland yester
day to enjoy a week-end of grand
opera". They are at the Seward. Mrs.
William Reid. Mrs. L. F. Austin and
Mrs. J. A. Schumsen, all of Rainier,
are also at the Seward.
Pat Foley passed through Portland
yesterday on his way to Chehalls.
where he has-business interests. Mr
Foley, who was registered at the Im
perial, is the proprietor of The Dalle;
hotel at The Dalles, Or. .
Among the cannery men in ths
city yesterday for a meeting of those
terested ! this industry was Koy
Graves of the Graves Canning com
pany or snenaan. ur. air. uraves
was at the Seward?
E. Cl Richards, head of the depart
ment ot English at Willamette unl-
vrsity, registered at the Seward
yesterday. With him was Miss
Francis M. Richards.
A. J. Bellons of Grass Valley, F. W.
Inheritance and Income Tax.
PORTLAND. Feb. IS. (To the Ed
itor.) I inherited $5500 lsst year.
Will I have to pay income tax on
this or make a return of same?
Reader.
There Is no income tax on Inherit
ance. Income from such inheritance,
however, is taxable, provided your
yearly income is sufficient to be sub
ject to taxation.
In Other Days.
Income I ndcr Limit.
MOUNT ANGEL, t)r., Feb. IS. (To
the Editor.) If a married man had
made income tux returns for a num
ber of years and paid income tax is
he required to make a return for the
year 1920 if his income is I.-sh than
$2000? , A SUBSCRIBER.
Under these circumstancs no re
turn would be necessary.
Altitude of Council (.'real.
OREGON CITY, Or, Feb. 18. (To
the Editor.) To settle a dispute will
you kindly publish the altitude of
Council Crest. E. B. V.
It is unofficially given as 1073 feet
above sea level.
Twenty-Five lrenro As;o.
From The Oregonlan of February 10. 1SJ.
The proposition to move the police,
court into the city hall is not viewed
v. lili favor by the public and steps are
being taken to have some protest pre
fcttuted to the council.
The Northwest Republican club will
open the campaign with a meeting
Thursday, at which Wallace AleCaiu
iut w'll speak.
R. S. Futrell, Charles Kabn and
Flunk S. liennett were ultorneys in
a moot court at the law school last
r ght, presided over by J mine F. D.
Chamberlain.
Two lots at Fourth and Oak streets,
on each of which is a two-story
dwelling, were subjects of a contest
bfgun by the children of Levi Whlto
against his widow In Judge Slmt
tuck'i. court yesterday.
o Caveats Issued.
PORTLAND, Felt. IS. (To the Edi
tor.) How can a person get a i-uveat
from the United States patent offiee?
Is a full description needed? How
long does a caveat hold good and
whut is the cost?
OLD SUBSCRIBER.
The ruvent law was .repealed June
15, 1H10. Tou can obtain a coiy of
the present rules of practice by ap
plying to the commissioner of pat
ens, Washington, D. C The patent
office d munds, however, that the
services of u competent registered
patent attorney be secured l:i every
Ir.Htance.
1 Nolan of The Dalles, D. C. Bryden of
"Old-fashioned family doctor Is dis-1 Knappa sua mu. sitmn ui xina-
appearing."
family. .
So is the old-fashioned -mook .arrived, at the Oregon yes-
terday. ,
What Are We Going to Do
About the Immigrant?
While there are some peevish propagandists who would tar
down the structure, of American government and substitute their
theoretical idealistic state, this significant fact is with us that the
tide of European immigration is rising to a giant crest in an old
world exodus to the United States. Quite evident it is that to the
peoples of Europe the land of Washington, Lincoln and Roosevelt
still represents freedom and opportunity. What are we going to do
about these self-elected guests and candidates for citizenship?
-Statesmen are mulling over the problem as you read these lines,
and Rene Bache, in the big Sunday issue, presents a discussion of
immigratipn that will add vastly to your needful information.
How One Business Man Traces Homes and Babies Modem
business methods are keenly alert to each advantage and he who
surprises one, neglected or overlooked by his competitors, is great
in the marts of trade. In the Sunday magazine section, with illus
trations, De Witt. Harry talks of a business inspiration that came to
a Portland merchant, and how he developed it. A near-to-home,
readable narrative of everyday commercial acumen with a dis
tinctly human phase.
How Many Times Can a Woman Love? Abas the Burroughs
this is no time for levity! An old, old riddle that never has been
read, though oodles of moody swains have c6nned it o'er and o'er.
Helen Hoffman attempts solution in the Sunday issue, where appear
her interviews with various prominent women who assert, that they
have loved not once but several times. There'3 Elfie Fay, heroine
of five officially recorded affairs, who tosses this gem of brevity
at all complacent males "There isn't any limit." Illustrated irf
the magazine section.
Intimate Diary of Margot Asqutth "With most women the
impulse to crab is much greater than to praise, and grandeur of
character is surprisingly absent from them." No mere man ex
pressed this sentiment, or whetted its cutting edge. It is culled ut
random from the diary "of Mrs. Asquith, now appearing serially in
the Sunday issue, wherein the British realm is scoured for targets
to her lively wit. The second installment of this remarkable docu
ment appears tomorrow.
Vanity Turns From Clothes to 'Varnish The peek-a-boo waist
and the slit-skirt were all weil enough in their respective days', as
tendencies toward feminine freedom-in dress. But they were -the
merest makeshifts, modest and ineffectual, when contrasted with
the vogues of today. There's varnish, for instance . . . but to
anticipate is to release the story of this latest device before
it appears in the Sunday issue magazine. Patience! You must
wait for it. .
"Managers," by Frederick Orin Bartlett The diverting -record
of an unusual romance, dealing with girlish charm and destiny, and
proving, that destiny either is subject to alteration or that Hollis
Fenwick, late of the A. E. F. air service, was no seer. If you have
the short story habit the Sunday offerings of the magazine section
will furnish you the latest work of your favorite raconteurs.
All the wg of All the World
The Sunday Oregonian
Just Five Cents