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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 15, 1921)
8 TIIE MORXIXG OREGOXIAN, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1921 ESTABLISHED BT HENRY I PITTOCK. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co, li Blxtb Street, i'orUaod. Orsitoa. C A. 1IOHDEN, JC. B. PIPER, Manager. Bailor. The Oregonlan la a member of the Aaao dated PrM Th AHnAriated Press la ex- cluaively entitled to the use (or publication At ail news diapatcnea creaitea 10 u. w ..., otherwise credited tn this paper and also the local news published herein. Ail ns of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. tuy 31 an. j lly, Sunday Included, one year $" 00 ly, Sunday included, six months... 4 -3 ly, Sunday Included, three months. S.-'J 6.00 3. Babserlption Kates Invariably la Adtuc (By MalL) rally. J'aily, Uslly. daily. Sunday Included, one munth. I'sny. without Sunday, one year . Llallv. without SundaV. six muntbs. aily. without Sunday, one month.... -W Weekly, one year ? buaday. on year (By Carrier.) Pally, Sunday included, one year J9.00 aily. Sunday Included, three months. lally, Sunday Included, one month... -T- Daily, without Sunday, on year.... T.0 laily, without Sunday, trtreo months. 1.93 Dstly. without Sunday, one month.... .ba How to Kemit Send postofftcs money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamn. coin or currency at owner's risk. Give postoffic address in Xjll. including county and stale. Posture Kxtm 1 tc 18 pages, 1 cent: 18 to I'll pces. 2 cents; 34 to ea pages, 3 cents VO to t4 pages, a cental (id to SO Pages. J cents; 82 to ya esses, 6 cents, foreign postage double rate. KaMern Business Office Verree ft Conk lin. Brunswick building-. New York; verree tc Conklin. Sieger building, Chicago; Ver ree St Conklin, Free Press building. Le - trolt. Hu h ; Verree at Conklin, Selling building. Portland; San Francisco repre sentative, H. J. BidwelL MAKING CP HARDING'S MIND. No one Is privileged to say to President-elect Harding who may or may not be in his cabinet. But, by inference and attitude, not a few persons are saying it. Just what ef fect tho great amount of pulling. hauling and shoving by friends or enemies of various eligibles or pos sibilities is having on Mr. Harding is unknown. It may have none at all. But it has been assumed, probably erroneously, that it is having a great deal of effect. The reporters, who are in close touch with the politicians, elect or reject a new cabinet official every day. It is not a bad guess that the rising and falling of the fortunes of the candidates reflects their popu- larity. or lack of it, with the politi cians and the reporters, rather than with Mr. Harding. Once they all agreed that Mr. Hoover was a probability, and some thought he was a certainty. Then the Hoover movement sagged, with the growth of the opposition, until he was almost unanimously counted out. Now suddenly they have se lected Mr. Hoover again, this time for the secretaryship of commerce. It cannot be long now until it must be known what is to be done by Mr. Harding about Hoover. It is but fair to assume that the uncer- tainty does not arise out of the con dition of Mr. Harding's mind, but of " everybody else's. The peculiar aspect of the Hoover candidacy if it is to be called a candidacy is that the decision by I Mr. Harding must be for Mr. Hoover or against him. It is different with ' the others. If Mr. Hughes is named for secretary of state, there is no implication that he did not want, or would not have, Mr. Root, Mr. Knox, Dr. Hill, or any other. If he selects ex-Senator Weeks for the war de partment, or Lowden for the navy, or Mellon for the treasury, or Wal lace for agriculture, it will be because he has thought that a cab inet a combination of the best minds could be constructed out of these men, and not necessarily be cause there were definite and com pelling reasons why certain others should not be chosen. But for Hoover there is no alter native. Mr. Harding will either take Hoover or he will not take him. It will mean that the president does or does not want Hoover as his official adviser. It will not solve the prob- . lem as to Hoover to give him a job ' to reconstruct and co-ordinate vari ous government departments. Hoover .lb not hunting a Job, and the coun try is not anxious merely to give him one. What the nation at large de sires is that Mr. Hoover have a voice in the new administration, be a factor in determining its policies, 'and an agency in carrying them out. It will not do merely to put noover to work for Mr. Harding. What is wanted is for Mr. Harding to Invite Mr. Hoover both to work and counsel with him, and to speak to him and with him for the people. Imagine these men wasting their lives in bed, or, having formed the work habit in the early morning, find it very unnecessary to ponder long, over the use they would put their evenings to. The question what to do with leisure is likely to answer itself when a good day's work is done. There are, between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five, as Mr. Mur dock reminds us, 3130 week-day 7 P. Ms. But 7 P. M. has nothing on 5 A. M., statistically speaking. We would not deprecate the value of de cision reached after a day's work is done, but we would point out that procrastination is the thsef of time. as the copy book used to remind us. In the race for preferment the young man who makes up his mind to be up and doing at 5 A. M. has a good fourteen hours' start over his 7 P. M. brother. And there are, in the 3130 week days of the youthful cal endar, some 43,820 such working hours. These having been advan tageously employed, as has been suggested, the remainder of the young man's problem ought to pre sent no difficulties. in the next, the latter period includ ing the civil war. The dull times of the early nineties were reflected in the smallest change reported in any decennial period previous to the one Just recorded by the census bureau. There is close associatipn between checking of the westward drift and Increasing proportion of city dwel lers in the population as a whole. Failure to devise a satisfactory method of distributing immigrants on their arrival at Atlantic ports is also responsible for the relative con gestion of the east. Yet westerners may be able to console themselves with the thought that it is quality, rather than quantity, of population that count. JTDCE LAXDI3 AND HIS JOB. The scandal of Judge Landis' employment as baseball pooh-bah does not consist so much in the fact that he is associated with a "trust' as in his private service in - any capacity for remuneration for a very large annual salary. What would be said and thought, for example, if Judge Gilbert, or Judge Bean, or 'Judge Wolverton should undertake for hire as an avo cation to manage a public utility, or private monopoly, or even an or dinary business concern of large di mensions at a great salary, or any salary? It is unthinkable that they would do it. It should be unthtnk able that any federal judge would cheapen . himself and soil the judicial ermine by doing it. Judge Landis has achieved for himself a unique notoriety as a grand-stander. His censure of cer tain bankers because they did not pay more than 90 per month to a nineteen-year-old youth in a country town, with the practical acquittal of the clerk of blame for his embezzle mont. Is a good illustration. His 29.000,000 fine of the Standard Oil ompany is another. His record has many such instances. It is mere commonplace to say that a federal judge, or any judge, owes it to the nation or the state to separate himself from all ties. entanglements, or engagements which would tend to embarrass him in the administration of Justice, or give rise even to the thought of it in the most suspicious mind. Judge J.andis is taking 142,500 a year to help Judge Landis, not base PROVED. The public may be a trifle uncer tain as to Just what the Portland Ad club proved by its great midwinter excursion to Clatsop beach; but it need not be in any sort of doubt. It demonstrated conclusively once again that the Ad club is made up of game sports. We should like to find a less slangful characterization; but it eludes us. Game sports is cor rect, anyway. The original idea was that the world should be made to know that an Oregon beach is a winter resort Boreas, who plays no favorites he doesn't play at all, with game sports or any other kind Intervened with a snow shower not a storm, of course, for the snow never storms in Oregon. It just trickles. It was the first of the winter at least the first any true Ad Clubber will admit to have happened. It was almost two inches deep. To adventurers less in trepid than the Adders it might be a dreadful experience. As it was. It was turned into a grand lark. Once upon time the Ad men gathered in mass formation on the streets of Portland in midwinter with straw hats on their heads. With commendable zeal, with sad lack of discretion, they planned to tell the world that Portland in January is really a summer resort which had Santa Barbara faded and the Ber mudas backed off the map. There was then also a very unhappy hyper borean Intervention; and Straw-hat day passed shlveringly into history. But this time the Great Thought became a fact. Clatsop beach every Oregon beach and Washington beach is a winter resort. The rigors of the season are mild there, bathing is possible for those who like that sort of thing, the beaches are available for bonfires or clams or vacationists, and the man or woman who cannot enjoy himself in comfort, outdoors, would be dissatis fied and miserable In Paradise. ball. Because of that fact, he has disqualified himself as a judge. 1 P. M. OB 5 A. M.T - Victor Murdock, former represen tative in congress from Kansas, of fers a thought-provoking contribu tion to the philosophy of getting ahead in the world in an article on The Hour of Fate." Mr. Murdock discusses the subject from the point . of view of the young man between fifteen and twenty-five and concludes that 7 P. M. is the "springboard from which most men leap to suc cess or fall off to failure." Varying the metaphor somewhat, be con cludes that It is also the fork in the road, one of which leads to char- ... i ,i . v. , n . v. a. auicr anu iud uiuci lu iuo iai.iv ui iu The logic of the Murdock argu ment is convincing. To a majority of men, he says, the hour of 7 in the evening marks the end of work and the beginning of leisure, and it is the hour when a man makes a choice of the kind of leisure he is going to have. "If he turns to the leisure that means improvement to his mind, his body and his soul, he wins; if he turns to the pleasure-feeding frivolities he loses." We do not need to be reminded that genius is 99 per cent hard work; the definition in various paraphrases has done excel lent service in its day. Nor that-a vast deal depends on how men dis pose of their time. The winner is always the man who employs his time advantageously, whether it be In study, or in recreation that to the loafer would look like work, or in building up and conserving his health and strength. The claims of another fateful hour, however, claim consideration. A wood deal may depend on what a young man decides on doing at, say, about 6 A. M. At this also fateful hour, when the dew is on the rose and the morning breezes blow re freshingly from beyond the verdured hills, be is confronted with the choice between springing briskly in to his morning tub and thereafter hustling out in search of the early worm, and turning over lazily for Just one more snooze, which, once the habit is upon him, may easily be indefinitely prolonged. Almost any fiard-working genius will tell him that the morning hours are the hours for getting things done. Thomas A. Edison, and Napoleon and the Volte of Wellington were early risers, and Columbus got np with the dawn. It is Impossible to A HOUSE FROYOKED. It will be admitted, we think, that reasonable effort has been made In the legislature to find a compromise that would satisfy those who would restore the Portland school board AO its rightful dignity and control over the schools, and those who would continue to deprive it of authority to dismiss teachers who care to re sist dismissal. But the very compe tent lobby working in behalf of the teachers' organization has resisted every compromise. It has rejected the proposal that the board be given power to dismiss only by vote of four out of five members. It has even rejected a reterenaum to tne voters. It is, therefore, worth the guess that the measure now presented in the house comes forth with a trifle of impatience on the part of mem bcrs who have watched the unpro ductive proceedings in the senate The final proposal in that body that a commission-be appointed to lnves tigate and report to the next legis lature provokes Impatience. Inves tigate what? Investigate how? The facts are already clearly established. The principals, who are charged with every-day observance of teach lng efficiency, endorse through their organized body a change in the law. Could any sort of a commission find out anything that the principals have not found out? The investigation scheme fools nobody. It is an awk ward attempt at graceful escape from responsibility. It cannot be charged that the house measure, even though its in troduction signifies revolt against the lobby, ignores the rights of the teachers. It adds two member: well known women to the school board and requires the vote of five of the seven members to dismiss without the right of appeal. If four a simple majority vote to dis miss, the teacher may appeal to a commission as at present const! tuted. Clearly no opportunity is given the board for arbitrary action. Here we have a bill that has for its sponsors ten of the Multnomah members of the house all but three of the county's delegation. It is a pretty sizable revolt. Let us hope that it is all that it signifies that it is a determined movement to settle the issue, as it ought to be settled. IDE RETARDED 6TAR Or EMPIRE. The center of population of the United States continues to move westward, but at a decreasing rate. The estimate of the census bureau that it has progressed 9.8 miles in this direction since 1910 represents the smallest gain for the west as a whole since the first census was taken, in 1790. In that year the population center was situated twen ty-three miles east of Baltimore. By the next census, in 1800, it had moved to a point eighteen miles west of Baltimore. Thereafter the movement was rapidly accelerated. During the last decade of the life of Daniel Boone, who died in 1820, it moved from a point forty miles northwest of Washington, D. C, to a point sixteen miles north of Woodstock, Va., fifty miles in all. Land hunger was the power behind the trend away from the seaboard then. Americans were mainly an agricultural people, and immigration of a character that was later to add greatly to the Industrial population of the larger cities had not set in. Thereafter the movement continued steadily in the same direc tion. In the decade of the forties it was stimulated by adjustment of the northwestern boundary question and the fifties reaped the result of the gold rush to California. The period of heaviest proportionate westward movement was that between 1850 and 1860, when the border states be gan to loom large in national politics and the Oregon country was receiv ing its first important accessions. The population center moved eighty miles in that decade, and Xorti-X9UX MANY ANGI.BS OF THE TARIFF. Tariff revision will be found a more complex problem than ever when congress undertakes it Be fore the war it was complex enough to make leigslators rack their brains. The old puzzles remain in more in volved form, and to them are added others that were not dreamed of then. At that time we talked of a tariff equal to the difference between American and foreign cost of pro duction. That sounds simple, but there is often as much difference in cost of production between two for eign countries as there is between either of them and the United States. Which country's cost should be taken as a guide or should we strike an average fit the principal competing countries and should we leave out of consideration those which, competed slightly, though they might grow to importance? That question has been compli cated by radical changes in cost abroad during the last seven years and by the rapid changes which are now taking place. Exchange is low, but rises and falls rapidly. Loss of many skilled workmen, loss of effi ciency through labor's discontent and revolutionary agitation, high taxes all these have raised costs in Europe. On the other hand, adop tion of American machinery and standardized quantity production have lowered costs. The great 'lib erated energy of -emancipated peo plea like the Czechs and Poles, let ting loose energy which has been re strained by oppression, may also prove a factor. We have been awakened by the war to the fact that maintenance at home of certain industries is essen nai to national aerense. f ew gave thought to the fact that we were dependent on Germany for dyes, many chemicals, potash, optical glass, surgical instruments, photo graphic paper. The war informed us that without a dye industry we lacked material for explosives and could wear few colored clothes. Chemicals and potash are also es sential to explosives, as are nitrates, for which we had relied on the nowhere else. But our productive capacity has far outgrown our do mestic needs and we must sell the surplus abroad in order to keep our industries employed. If we place high duties on other nations' prod ucts, they will retaliate against our exports. They are more inclined to protection than ever, for they rely on industrial expansion for recovery from effects of war. . Further, there Is a large annual balance of trade in our favor, whereas the balance was formerly against us, and it can be paid in goods only, for all except a few neutral nations are too poor to pay in any other form. If congress should set about drawing a protec tive tariff bill in the old way, it would legislate to prevent our debtors from paying their debts and would involve us in a furious tariff war. Nor can we act on the tariff with out regard to the German reparation Indemnity. In order that the allies may pay us, Germany must pay them, and Germany cannot pay ex cept by exporting goods in great quantities. In the course of world trade, these goods, or much of them, will come to us directly. If we ex clude them by a high tariff, we shall obstruct sale of American ma terials out of which Germany will make them and shall obstruct col lection of our claims. Yet the Ger man government assists a drive for recovery of foreign trade that has been captured by the United States and the Allies. Its ratio of taxation and rates on government railroads are far below those of France and Britain and foreign trade is subsi dized, enabling manufacturers to un dersell other nations, and in con sequence of this policy and of the placing of discharged army officers on the government payroll, the bud get shows a huge deficit and the government makes the bankrupt's plea that it cannot pay. In order to protect themselves against the dishonest device by which Germany seeks to defeat them in trade competition and to elude its war obligations, the allies demand a 12 pec cent duty on German ex ports, to be paid into the reparation fund. German manufacturers com bine to dump goods on foreign mar kets at cut prices until foreign com petitors are driven out of business, and their government bears half the cost. In order to beat these German tricks, our tariff-makers must find a way to protect our industries, es pecially those necessary to war, and to prevent dumping and deadly com petition,' yet must take the export duty Into account and must leave Germany a wide enough field for trade with this country in order that it may pay its debts. It will be evident that the Utopia of the free trader, where each coun try produced that which it produced cheapest and best and sold it every where without tariffs to pay, has vanished. It is equally evident that the old methods of the protectionist are out of date. Congress must con tinually steer so that in avoiding Scylla on the one side it does not crash on Charybdis on the other hand. Economic conditions change so often and so much that the rigid schedules of a congress-made tariff would probably be obsolete before it became law. In order to meet those changes, especially to counteract dumping, it seems necessary 'to dele gate power to vary duties to a tariff commission, -as Canada does to the privy council and as other countries do to other executive bodies. Prob ably most of our duties will here after be levied under reciprocity treaties, by which nations trade for entrance to each other's markets. Certainly we are so entangled with other nations by foreign trade, ship ping, war debts and reparation claims that we cannot tear ourselves apart. BY-PRODUCTS OF THE PRESS Hate la Drink, Confection r Ciga rette, Says Sponsor. Jose Custodio Alves de Lima, Brazil consular inspector for Central North America and Asia, who is passing tfca winter In Syracuse, N. T Is deep'y interested in the findings xt Stephen M. Hoye of New York, as pertains tv. greater use for mate, which has been produced in South America for ZiO years, says the Syracuse Post-Standard. Mr. de Lima and Mr. Hoye dis cussed the matter at some length tn New York a few days ago. Mate, it appears, is best knownas a tea. Mr. Hoye says that it would take $1,000,000 worth of propaganda to make it a popular drink with the 100,000,000 people of this country, were an attempt made to put It on j the market in the form of a tea leaf. This being the case, Mr. Hoye has et upon another solution of the fu ture consumption of mate. He makes a beverage approaching In appearance Bass' ale or Guineas' stout, and also a tablet which can be placed la a cup and made acceptable as a bev erage by pouring on hot water. The product is also used as a confection and for cigarettes. The mate ciga rette, it is said, possesses little nico tine. It is much cheaper than Ameri can grown tobacco. Another use which can be made of mate, according to Mr. Hoye's deductions, is a food prod uct for animals. Mate comes from a shrub and grows in South America without care Such being the case the raw mate rial can be obtained at a low prlci. The leaves are from six to eight lhches in length and the growth s greatest in the semi-tropical zone of South America. Mr. De Lima says that the cowboys drink mate freely out of a ouia (big bowl) down In Rio Grande de Sol, and Argentina and Chile import 700,000 bags annually from Brazil. He believes the way is paved now to bring it to the United States. Those Who Come and Go. Skirts may reach 12 inches above the ground, but waists must be cut rot lower than five inches in the back and five Inches low in the fronc That is the ideal dress for a worn an, according to the Rev. C. P. Harry, a Philadelphia Lutheran minister, who was the irst to answer tht questionnaire sent out by the "dress reform committee," asking for the opinions of 1100 Philadelphians oi what should and should not be worn by women," judging from a moral viewpoint. ' - The preacher objects to the sleeve less gown, but concedes the silk stocking. The diaphanous or peek-a-boo waist is taboo and also the tight-fitting garment which shows the wearer's form. In answer to the question, "Do you believe the gowns worn by worn en (this includes girls) of today are harmful morally?" the Rev. " A. J. Arkin, rector of St. George's Protest, ant Episcopal church, says: "There are other causes for im morality. Not women's dresses ibut men's minds and hearts are back of immorality. If dress is cause fo immorality, then there is no reason why regulation should be restricted to women only." "Do vou believe the extreme ic dress 13 worn by women to attract masculine attention?" the question naire reads. "Yes. and naturally so. But mr.n must use his will," replies Mr. Arkin Then he concedes that perhaps wom en's opportunities for marriage might be affected by the question of dress. aiminismng supply oi unno a re minder that in order to fight at all we must command the sea until we could develop home production if an alert enemy should give us time. The government had to buy or borrow field glasses and nautical glasses in order that the growing navy and merchant marine might be navigated and that army officers might not be hopelessly handicapped, and the op tical glass industry had to be hastily improved in order that guns might have sights and that airmen might see to great distances. There was a famine of surgical Instruments, and they had to be standardized for quantity production by machinery. Photography is necessary to air re connaissance and to many other war activities, but we made little or no photographic paper and that indus try had to spring into sudden life. Whatever may be decided about the size of the army and navy and about compulsory training, the peo ple are determined that never again will they be dependent on a possible enemy for these essentials of their defense. Then domestic production of such commodities must be fos tered, that it may not only live but may grow as our needs grow. But that raises danger of great monopo lies, or combinations of a few manu facturers in each line, whieh would charge extortionate prices under threat to shut down and leave the nation, defenseless at some- vita! point. Britain has met that "diffi culty as to dyes by accompanying an import tariff with a system of li censing imports by which the ex-r ecutive could block dumping by Germany in order to kill off com petitors and could hold down do mestic prices to a reasonable level. Formerly the purpose of a repub lican tariff was to hold imports in check, and congress could legislate to this end without giving much at tention to our export trade, for it consisted almost entirely of commo dities that other nations must have and could get in adequate quantity Professor James Dryden will leave Oregon for scenes of greater activi ties, but Oregon will have first place in his heart, for within its bounds he has done great work with the hen. He made poultry husbandry at the Oregon Agricultural college the standard of the nation because he produced results, not the least of which was an egg a day to the hen. The Bryan who more than a half century ago planted in Georgia what is now the largest apple tree in the country is not the great commoner, for this one is about to celebrate his eightieth birthday. There still is opportunity for "our Mr. Bryan" to do something that will put him in the news notes early in the next century. A Klamath Indian has been in dicted for striking his wife on the head with a clawhammer. You've got to lift your hat to the wife of the 1921 aboriginal who can drag her man three or four hundred miles into a federal court for a family row. She's some heap squaw and heap skookum, too. Harney wants a strip of Malheur county to build thereon a road around a mountain and the county judges fixed it. The legislature set tled the matter. There Is a hint to that part of Clackamas that wants to get into Multnomah, only something heavier than a hint must drop. "As drunk as a lord" was exempli fied here when a man asserting he was "Lord Cotton" was picked up in an intoxicated condition in an auto- mobile.wc No court was handy to forbid the mayor of Raymond from preventing Smith to talk Saturday night and Smith did not talk. When a man's head Is empty and not an idea in it, he still can talk of war between the two big English speaking nations. They seem just to be finding out that Oregon-grown spinach posses ses the vitamines needed for baby's growth. Generally ""taker is first to an nounce a Fourth of July celebration, but this year Riddle claims the date. It was "Remember the Maine!" until greater happenings, but we re member the Maine just the same. Landis was wrong in turning loose an embezzler. Out here he would be sentenced and paroled. This is indeed the winter of our discontent and the only winter we have. Duncan Nicol, for half a century owner of the Bank Exchange, or. better, "Pisco John's" resort of wan derers of the seven seas and of San Franciscans, is not asleep in the lap of a bygone age. Not by a jugful of Pisco punch. For Duncan Nicol is taking a course at the automotive school of the Young Men's Christian association. Pages mitrht be written of the life cf Duncan Nicol and If the history vf "Pisco John's," and at every line someone in San Francisco, or Singa pore, or Paris, would bob up and say: "Why, I was titers that night." Step Into the foyer of the Hotel Cecil in London and inquire in a loud voice the location of "Pisco John's," and from a dozen throats will come the reply: "Southeast corner of Mont gomery and Washington streets, San Francisco, America. That is the kind of a place Duncan Nicol ran. The Bank Exchange opened In the 50s and in the '70s came Duncan Nicol penniless and lonely, a boy from Glasgow, Scotland. He was not long penniless or lonely, for Duncan Nicol possesses your true Scotch canniness, and he is a man among men. He took over the) Bank Exchange and the great men of the day became his friends. The discussion of a $1,000,- 000 mine purchase over the drinks at the Bank Exchange was as nonchal ant as the discussion of a crepe de chine purchase over the modern strawberry sundae. Then came the Pisco punch. Duncan Nicol cannot remember when he in vented the Pisco punch. Duncan Nicol knows what is in Pisco punch besides Pisco brandy from Peru no one else does. The Bank Exchange became the re sort of the gentle and the elite of San Francisco and of the world. Be cause Duncan Nicol would permit no taint of rowdyism to become attached to his Place, it became a privileged house where women might drink at the bar. At one time the famous painting "Samson and Delilah" bung over the bar of the Bank Exchange. It was purchased by M. H. de Young and today it hangs in the De Young memorial museum In Golden Gate park. At length came prohibition, and with - its coming passed "Pisco John's." But Duncan Nicol is any thing but a memory. Although he is 70 years old, be is a living fact. When prohibition came he went with Mrs. Nicol to Scotland to visit the scenes of his boyhood. "Ah, but even there," he says, "pro hibltion is on the way. It is a changed world." San Francisco Chronicle. Another of the thousands of com plimentary remarks about the Colum bia river highway was made yester day by a man who eaw its wonders for the first time. He is G. A. Booth, now retired, one of the east's "big business men." He is a Buffalo resi dent now, who is touring the United States, purely for pleasure, with H. W. Allen, also of Buffalo. "Your high way Is marvelous," said Mr. Booth yesterday afternoon at the Multno mah. "I can well imagine what it must be like in summer time on a clearer day. I have traveled a great deal, but I have never seen anything to compare to it. I just can't say too much about it. I enjoyed the trip thoroughly. I'd rather not have to talk about business after seeing such a wonder as that. I have found on my trip west that business condi tions in general are much the same in all parts of the country. Of course, many large plants have closed and business is rather tight, but I think that within the next few months con ditions will be more nearly normal." Mr. Booth and Mr. Allen will leave this morning for California and re turn by way cf the south to Chi cago and then go home. "The preaching of the day is not reaching the average young man and woman." said O. F. Jacob! of the Moody Bible Institute of Chicago yes terday at the Seward. "Many of them are in strange towns, away from home Influences. They are looking for some thing more solid than is given them in the average pulpit. They find it In the teachings of the Bible. The tendency of the times is for people to wander about rather aimlessly, oft en forgetting the teachings they learned at home. Every night I Bee many young people on the streets apparently with no definite place to go. Although outwardly these and many older men and women, success ful business men, do not care any thing about religion, inwardly they are looking for something to which to anchor. They are looking for sup port." Mr. Jacob! has been making his home in Seattle for seven years, where he has had a class of 265 boys from the ages of 17 to 23 each Sun day. This is the largest class of its kind on the Pacific coast. J. S. Hansell, whose headquarters are at Portland and Seattle, will leave this morning for Bay City, Texas, by way of Denver. He is interested in leases in an oil field in Texas. This county borders on the gulf of Mexico. Mr. Hansell plans to start operations on a large scale on a lease adjoining a field now being developed by the Southern Pacific Railway company and also adjoining property of the Gulf Sulphur company. This prop erty Is situated, he says, in gusher territory. "We are hoping for the best, but we can't tell Just how things will turn out," he said yesterday at the Oregon. Mr. Hansell plans to re turn to Portland in about three months, after the development work has reached a satisfactory stage. INDEBTED .VESS YEAHS OLD One City Bond Issue Now Outstand ing Has Ancient History. FORTLAND. Feb. 14. (To the Edi tor.) A short news item in yester day's Sunday Oregon.' m reminded Portland taxpayers that they are still paying Interest on bonds Issued to pay for the otiginal Morrison street bridge, which was demolished in 1904. and that for nearly 30 years they have been paying interest on bonils issued by the former ity of East Portland In 1891 for the construc tion of a light plant. While the forego'ng bonds and other bonds have been a charge on the taxpayers for interest for many years and will ultimately be a re demption charge, they are not the oldest issues upon wh'ch interest is being paid. This honor belongs to the item of $56,500 appearing at the top of the city's financial statement of September 15, 1920. These bondv were issued May 1, 1903 for the pur pose of redeeming outstanding bonds. They bear 4 per cent interest and will be due May 1, 132S. The history of' these bonds can be traced back to 1866. In May, 1866, the city council, by ordinance authorized the standing committee on river improvement to make a loan of not more than $40,000 for ffve years at 12 per cent or less for the purpose of improving the Willamette river. Under this author ity bonds to the amount of $20,000, bearing 10 per cent, were issued for five years In May, 1871, the council, t.nd'er an authority to issue $SO.O0O of ten year, 10 per cent bonds for the purpose of puiunasing a public park, erecting a police building and retiring the river bonds of 1866. actually sold $56,500 of ten year, 10 per cent bonds. Out of the proceeds of this sale the $20,000 ui river Donus issued in 1S66 were re deemed. In 18S1 the $56,500 bon is were re issued for 10 years at 6 per cent, and in 1SD1 for another ten years at the same rate. When the bonds fell due in 1901 the holders of thpin n inur aH them to run two years longer. Had the city made a new issue to redeem them it would have had to pay 6 per cent under the charter then in force. Therefore, it waited until the charter of 1903 went into effect, when it is sued $56,500 bonds payable in 192S and called in the old bonds. ,0'hcn the 5w00 is paid off in l-s, one part, amounting in tin nnn ".u nave oeen a charge on the tax ol rortiand for 62 years, an "u"",w Part 36.bU0 for 57 years Is interesting to revel w the cost iiiuhcibi transaction. The fol I rt U 1 wt ay. anK,.l.as ... i.uuiui-a statement gives the Interest on to May 1 per cent . . Interest on S More Truth Than Poetry. "r James J. Blontacruc. A QVAXDARY. "Save up your pennies,' said the ad, "The business situation Is rapidly becoming bad. And thrift must save the nation." And so we rationed our c!fc.irs And other costly follies. Refrained from buying motor cars And rode to work on trnllpv The ridicule of friends we braved By wearing- rubber collars. And n a little while we saved Five hundred thousan 1 dollars. Another ad gave this advlre: "Spend iloney! Do Not Hoard It! Thrift Costs Us All Too Uinh a TrlcuS The country can't afford it!" So rather than have business crash To utter ruination. We saw that all our hoarded cash Was put in circulation. On luxuries our coin we blew Here, there and over yonder. Till not a solitary sou Was left for us to squander. And now another ad makes known The shortage of production And bares the fact that thrift alone Can save us from destruction. To save our cash in large amount Its serious advice is, For only men with bank accounts Can pass the coming crisis. But as for us, too well, alas. The second ad we trusted The coming crisis we can't pass For we're already busted. Always nosy. Some lawyers show VOU h n w tn natf your income tax. but the lawyers most iu uemano just now are those who can show you how not to pay It. Abnndance of Work. One reason why unemployment has not hit New York so very hard is that there aro so many Jobs to be had on graft investigating committees. a As I aual. It looks as if Henry Ford In his attack on the Jews Is only going to make another flivver. (Copyright, 1921, by the Bell Syndi cate, Inc.) " The four-day week is not a dream of railroad men in Eugene, According to statistics issued by the British air ministry, a foreign trade amounting to over 1,000,000 (normally $5,000,000) has been trans acted by British commercial aero plane service since Its Inception In August, 1919. Exports by air routes from Great Britain totaled 344.876, while imports amounted to 685,054. The figures are to the end of Novem ber, 1920. The trade is with the con tinent and the bulk of the imports were from France. " Forest supervisors from Oregon and Washington are here this week for a seven-day conference to discuss problems of interest in their work. Registered at the Multnomah, where the meetings are being held, are N. F. McDuff of Eugene of the Cascade na tional forest, Li. B. Pagter of Repub lic. Wash.; John C. Kuhns of Walla Walla. Wash., Umatilla forest; Ver non V. Harpham of Prineville, Or., Ochocho forest; C. C. Reid, Republic, Wash., Colville forest, and E. H. Mc Daniels, Grants Pass. Or., Siskiyou forest. This is the first time that so large a conference has been held. The former plan was to have sectional conferences. The man who Is responsible for starting uregon s first annual prune week was in Portland yesterday at the Imperial. He is O. H. Kurtz of Salem a prune grower, who first got the idea of interesting all of Oregon and the United States aa well In one of the state's standard products. Mr. Kurtz believes thoroughly in prunes and tells his friends about their value whenever he gets a chance. Colonel E. J. M. Nash, special rep resentative in the United States of the Royal Mail Steam Packet line of London, England, is in Portland to look over the shipping situation. He will inspect the freight field here and Portland's municipal terminals. With him Is Assistant Manager F. M. Volk of the Holland-American line. They are at the iienson. Edward B. Dorsey of White Salmon, Wash., was at the Oregon yesterday with his wife and daughter. They are returning from a trip to Long Beach, Cal. Mr. Dorsey says he is so accustomed to sunshine by now that he forgets to take his overcoat when he leaves the hotel for a brief walk in Oregon's mist. R. Jacobs of San Francisco, who formerly made Portland his home, was here yesterday from San Fran cisco at the Imperial. He is looking after his property interests in this city, as is his custom on his semi annual vi-iits. He lived in McMinn ville for 'nearly 20 years and has many friends in the state. Prominent members of the Knlshts of Columbus who were at the Port land over the week-end were F. W. Horskey and W. Eagles of Albany. W. O. Barrett, former state com mander of the order, also an Albany citizen, was at the Portland yester day. Mr. Barrett is a hardware and implement dealer. J. F. Ives, general manager of the Srtiinson Mill fc Lumber company at Seattle, Is here on a business trip. He -reports that he expects the lum ber business to open up considerably in the next two or three months. He is registered at the Multnomah. Eight residents of Wenatchee, Wash., motored to Portland yester day in three separate parties. All are at the Seward. Tbey are Mr. and Mrs. G. M. Canby, Mr. and Mrs. J. N. Cox, D. M. Taylor, B. F. Morgan, Gorge H. Farvell and A D. FarvelL Two prominent Hood River resi dents at the Seward are E. O. Blancher and O. B. Nye. Mr. Blancher is president of the First National bank In Hood River and Mr. Nye is one of the officers of the apple grow ers' association. Colonel F. H. Lawton, U. S. A., who has been inspecting camps and schools in the west, left the Perkins yesterday for California. . His head quarters are in Washington, D. C. J20.(H)0, May 1, 1S(1(!. 1871, five years ut 10 per eent . oa" " Interest on f. VI, 500.' May j Vk'i', Y' J iu yciira at a cent . . . Interest on per rt rnn t.. , ,.-'.''.' . -, - - vears at a i,e. per lno.y cent Payment of principal "siay'l) ' iflig Total If we deduct th unnnn i... 3.1.900 40.0S0 so. son &li.5il(l .VI.OSO the en bond .May ,C1 UUIIQS Or ISIII it !!! I... n,.,, .u- , .. ""' e iiic rviunuing and other 7x7i ? i"''&0" issued when .m. lu ""Payers May 1 Ly.;? original tl.e Ui ae-nalC t,mCa thel ' "V? SiUd above is intended a .-..v.ttl urion or a eriiiei .-... auuiims rat nn .Ml u - KllUa an, . , lo" mariH v,.r. V . Dove O"1""' were made ears before the city created its present sinking funds. The facts stated merely illustrate the point th" fTieMb"(,S. are i8su- 'hey mus be a the iinauy paid some time iiiu.-i. oi two-thirds of eiapsca even after a centnrv no ncxvitr K. RKKD, PROPERTY HEAVILY BLHDEVEI1 Mounting Taxes ,nd Incrrn.ed Hill tr Hate Discussed. PORTLAND, Feb. J4. (To the Ed I. tor.) We taxpayers are glad to hear B.ipport oi xne Oresonian. With 7 J ,laes f 5 per cent 17 VL ? "ne or last ear cov ering the district around Oak Grovi I have no idea we are different fron anv nthapn pii.-, . " ' wiiettori, wnen you ie increase, remark: "You vote money for everything and it has to be raised as asked. If you do not mc.uao you win go bank- U'l. Jiany are out of employment and .curns irom property are coming nnvn lA, Kir .un..ii ... 0 . ' , ""' """"iu we listen to public officials, who are very anxious for "t primary times? There are numerous candidates then, but as ouun b eiectea tnev see n,.e e increase in salary and office expense Why do so many office holders show no concern as to expenditure of pub lic funds? They seem to look at it as they would a river they needed water from that the amount is nniir,.i.w. Our public service mmit.i. ... ' elected to represent the people, but that they have never done ir.j just allowed an increase in gas rates mat amounts to loo per cent or over on heatine gas to the average house holder. (The gas company will ac knowledge it if pinned down) But your bill will show it. This increase is allowed on a declining labor mar ket and a heavy decline in f,,ei n This same state rrmiml.dn., i,J virtually promised an increa in phone rates (tfter two heavy raises) in face of a falling labor and mnfar: i market. Probably the telephone company, like the gas company, will be out with a prospectus showing what a good thins its bond- md stocks are, as thev earn i.u.r.i times the Interest charges. We who pay the phone and gas rates do not see the reason for allowing a rate that Is several times the ii,i..i charges. It looks to us as if one in terest charge on capital, expense of hllDinao. n.1.1 1. I J . uo....ai jiicu is ueuucieu, and a small earning on business, are enough ... L,,uco wuen everyDody burdened. John Burroughs' Nature Notes. Answer Tkeae Questions? sparrows useful thinus Can Yot 1. Are around a farm? 2. Where do honey bees get the wax to build their comhs from? 3. I have heard that rabbits, when in fear, or in signaling, use a whis tling sound. Is Ihis true or false? Auswers in tomorrow's nature notes. s s s Answers to Previous durations. 1. How long can a bird maintain itself on the wing without alighting for resi ? The alhatross Is a Rood example of great endurance In flight. The wing spread of the wandering alliatross Is from 13 to 14 feet across, which K'ves the bird a Bailing surface nulflclcut to keep it in the air with compara tively little muscular effort, fur hours, or even for days without once aliKhtinK. The friiiate bird, or man- war biard as it is called. 1m an other wonderful aeronaut wliosn spread of wings and tail keep it sailing uloft for hours. The :ointiioii swift flics all day without iiliulilint: till iiiKhtfall, when it takes to a chimm y. s s s When arc the flower Inula of tho blossoming dogwood formed? Tho new buds are formed In suiu- mor, remaining closed through the. winter, and opening in Hirini;tltiM-. In the south they open around .March. but in the north not until May. s What can be dono lo stop hic coughs in a dog that lias tlieiu ap parently as a result of distemper? Prescriptions for domestic animal. at a long distance, are not the prov ince of these notes. A reliable vet erinarian should be consulted. Oen erally speaking, dogs will often bo benefited by simple remedies that one would not hesitate to give children. Acidity of iiie stomach can bo cor rected by some milk alkaline dose, like soda-bicarb dissolved In water. or by the various aigestive iiidk-ii administered for similar troubles to humaiiH rhubarb-and-soda, charcoal-and-soda. etc., or milk of magnesia. He Paints in Gray. By Grace K. Hall. 'Twould hy The The The God paints ofttimes In gray. seem to be color scheme supremely liked him; Its softened tones at close of day we see When twilight enters slowly, palu and dim; hills wear countless changes of this chade, clouds show varying tones against the sky: pigeon's wing of loveliest hues is made. The willows in their gray garb bend and sigh. The living creatures too thrs thought display. In priceless furry coats beyond com pare. Ah, yes! God truly loves to paint In graj. We even find his lines upon our hair; AnI often at the close of sorrowing day We look deep In our hearttt and find it there. In Other Days. is TAXPAYER AND USER. G. F. Comstock of San Francisco, building engineer, who has had charge of the construction of several Portland structures, is in Portland for a few days at the Oregon. The Stanford university basketball team left the Multnomah yesterday on its way north to play Washington State college at Pullman today. Receipt for Rent. PORTLAND, Feb. 14. (To the Edi tor.) If a receipt for room rent reads from the 1st to the 15th, what date and hour would the rent become due? Is there such a thing as room rent coming due at 12 o'clock at night? OLD SUBSCRIBER. If your rent Is paid to the 15th of the month, your terra expires on the 14th at midnight. The new term be gins, accordingly, at the same time. Published Tariff Prevails. ' ' v-. I V I'X-Q tne Editor.) A man shipped a quantity of freight and prepaid the amount required. There was nothing said of any further charges when the goods were called for, but after about four months the agent at this end of the line began writing letters, say in E there is a small balance due and threatens to collect. It looks to me like a bluff. Can extra charges be collected after goods have been re leased and the owner has the bill? A. C. Freight rates for Interstate hauls are fixed by the interstate commerce commission and far intrastate hauls by the public service commission. These rates are inflexible and a mis take by the agent does not excuse full payment. You are liable for the full amount of the authorized sched ule and can be sued for the balance. Tvvrnry-flve Yrara Ago. From The Oreeonisn of February 1.1. lAOfl. Tomorrow night the Elks of this city will celebrate the 2Mh anniver sary of the organization of the order. Mr. Leeds, the state printer. In forms George T. Myers that the whiteflah fry placed In Klamath lake have been a success. Eugene. The Lane county people's party convention met in Eugene to day and some of the most interest ing and exciting scenes in the history of the party were enacted. In fact, there was a veritable war on between the two factions. Everywhere there are signs of an early spring, and one might have supposed yesterday that this Joyous season had already arrived. Wife'a Dower In Property. BEAR CREEK, Or., Feb. 14 (To the Editor.) Is the wife entitled to dower after the husband has deeded her one-half of his property, if nine months after she deserts their chil dren? R. A. She is entitled to dower In the prop erty still possessed by the husband, unless separated by decree of divorce. Fifty Yearn Ago. From The Oresonlsn of February is. 1R71. The eighth annual ball of the Washington Guard will take place at their armory on the evening of Tues day, February 21. The Republican says Jack Grant, the Eoriila of Polk county, lately killed three panthers which were sit- tine on the limb of a tree. Congressman Smith writes to the Herald that the house committee on commerce has agreed to insert In the river appropriation bill the sum or ut (22.500 for the Improvement of the Umpqua river. V On Friday last two responsible citi zens of Portland went up to Oregon City to take a view of the site of tho proposed locks with a view of put ting in bids lor their construction.