8
Tnn MQRXIXG . OREGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 10, 1031
1MTABLISHKD BY HENBY L. PITTOCK.
Published by The Oregonian rubllshn Co.
14 Sink Street, Portland. Oregun.
C A. MORDEN. K. B. PIPER.
ilaaatu. Bailor.
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A SQUARE DEAL FOR BOYS.
The problem of the Juvenile of
fender, made the subject of a special
message to the legislature by Gov
ernor Olcott, particularly as regards
inadequacy of the reformatory instl
tution for boys, is familiar to all
Judges or the circuit court A com
munication from Judge Knowies of
I-a Grande, printed today, is informa
tive, and presents phases not here
tofore touched upon.
There is a class of offenders whose
yoo'.h and still impressionable mind
maj:e it inadvisable to commit them
to Ihe penitentiary. Yet they have
committed grave crimes, are older
in years and experience than many
of the boys In the state training
school, and though not adults, may
till exert a deleterious influence
upon the younger and milder of
fenders if thrown with them. What
is to be done with them?
If the offense has been a major
crime the boy may be tried, as are
other criminals, in the circuit court
If found guilty the law requires the
court either to sentence him to the
penitentiary or parole him. In
stances occur when neither course is
advisable, and if the crime is such
that the minimum sentence is ten
years Imprisonment, the court is not
permitted to grant parole if the ac
cused is over 16.
If the case is handled by the Ju
venile court and the offense is ser
ious, the boy. is sent to the state
training school, which may not be
advisable because of his possible in
fluence upon the younger element
or he is committed to some other
institution or to the custody of the
probation officer, which also may
not be advisable because firmer re
straint may be needed.
Police records in Portland fre
quently disclose the arrest of boys
under 18 years of age who have em
barked upon a career of burglary or
highwaymanry. In one of the smaller
counties of the state, at the present
extension of foreign trade, on which
the minds of Americans are set, is
evident from these words of Mr.
McKeniie:
The far east presents today the greatest
potential market In the world for our man
ufactured goods. The group of peoples
airetchin from Siarn to Sagahltn number
five-twelfths of the human race. They
have been during the past few yean swept
by a wave of western reform. Their
picked young men are studying In London,
Paris and Washington; their countries are
more and more being opened up by rail
waya; they have a powerful and numerous
press. In which the art of advertising Is
carried to a very fine point; their people
are rapidly abandoning old was of living,
old styles of clothing, old tastes in food.
for the styles, the fashions, the methods
anil the machinery of Europe and America.
The far eastern problem will be
one of the most important and most
complex among the many questions
of foreign policy with which Presi
dent Harding will have to deal.
Though he must first take up that of
peace with Germany and of the
league of nations, the far eastern
question will not brook delay. It is
one in which the Pacific states are
peculiarly interested; therefore'they
should have a voice in deciding end
shaping the course to be adopted.
other heathen. Both make mocker;
oi a. sacrament; yet, for that matter,
a good many strictly white marriages
do the same.
the churches as active woruers.
moment, four boys are under indict- ! rather than, as formerly, mere sub.
ClUCCXATIO
The people of Portland and the
Pacific northwest, which covers the
Immediate field of The Oregonian,
will have an interest in knowing that
the circulation of the Sunday Ore
gonlan on January 16, 1921, reached
a total of 100.183.
The circulation of The Morning
Oregonian on yesterday (January IS,
1921) reached a total of 81,699.
The total number of copies of The
Oregonian, daily and Sunday, print
ed and distributed to bona fide sub
scribers is larger, by many thou
sands, than the circulation of any
other paper on the Pacific coast
north of San Francisco. Xo other
paper in Portland, and no other in
any city in the Pacific northwest,
has a circulation equal to The Ore
gonian's. The totals for this paper
exceed its nearest competitor's by a
wide margin.
The Oregonian leads any other
Portland paper in home circulation
and in mail circulation. It does not.
however, enter the field of the after
noon papers in the issue of frequent
street editions, with startling head
lines, printed for their appeal to the
hasty reader, and without reference
either to their advertising or in
formative value.
The Oregonian's circulation is a
known quantity.
PROTECT THE AMERICAN HEN,
hile congress is framing an
emergency tariff for relief of farm
ers, it should not overlook the Pa
cific coast poultry-grower, for he is
up against an emergency as well as
the prairie wheat grower. Japanese-
arid Chinese eggs are imported at a
mere fraction of the cost of pro
ducing eggs in Oregon, and under
the Lnderwood tariff they enter duty
free to compete with Pacific coast
eggs in the eastern market.
The price of eggs as well as every
thing else Is falling and will con
tinue to fall as cost of feed and
everything that inters into produc
tion falls, but the fall should stop
short of the point where the Ameri.
can hen is driven out of business. By
refrigeration Japanese and Chinese
eggs may be shipped here in good
condition, but there is a natural
prejudice in favor of new laid eggs,
and we should not like to be depend
ent on the orient for the eggs which
go with our breakfast ham or bacon.
Eggs also are a profitable by-product
of the farm in fact the main prod
uct of some farms and good, busi
ness can be done with the farmer,
while eggs that come from the orient
by steamer and are shipped by -the
carload direct to New York contrib
ute little to the general prosperity.
The eastern market consumes many
million Pacific coast eggs, but the
imported article makes serious in
roads on it
It would be fully consistent with
the purpose of the tariff bill if a
duty were imposed on egg3 surn
cient to equalize matters between the
domestic and oriental product. If
this bill were quickly followed by
one regulating cold storage, so that
eggs could not be withdrawn from
the market in order to force the
price Up, the consumer would be
protected. Then the general down
ward tendency of prices and the in
dustry of the hen would give us
American eggs at moderate prices.
HUNGER-STRIKING AND SOIL-SAVING.
Nothing Is proved by the incident
of a woman who fasts a long time
in an effort to induce her husband
to join the church to which she be
longs, except that some women set
greater store by religion than do
some men. It is doubtful if there is
a man in the United States who
would abstain from food for forty
five days to persuade his wife to
accept his faith. A very large pro
portion of men are content to put
their religion in their wives names.
and leave It there.
One feature of the twentieth cen
tury religious movement that com
mends it is that an especial effort
is to be made to get the men into
ment for murder. Two of them, on
13, the other 16, are accused o
killing a schoolmate; two of them
one 16, the other nnder IS, are ac
cused of killing a young girl. In
general, the so-called crime wave is
the work of wild youths or neglected
boys.
They present a grave problem. If
there is a chance to retrieve youtji
ful major offenders, it ought to be
given them. Yet the other chance
that they are beyond reform ought
not to be taken by mixing them with
younger boys of lesser criminal ten
dencles. But the main thought is
for the possibly corrigible boys. They
ought to have a square deal. And a
square deal calls for segregation
from the older and more confirmed
offenders, a decent piace of confine
ment and opportunity to train the
hand and mind. The trouble with
many bad boys is lack of a legitimate
outlet for youthful spirits. Love of
craftsmanship is bred in the bone
Tools and machinery, if interest
therein is properly directed, are
usually more fascinating to boys
than mischief.
THE FAR EASTERN TROBLEM.
An article by F. A. McKenzie In
the Empire Mail on "Trade with the
Far East," while written from the
British standpoint, sheds light on
both the opportunities for trade with
China and on the obstacles with
which American exporters must con
tend. The field is well occupied by
the British merchants, who have
great branches at the treaty ports
and organizations throughout China,
but they now encounter close compe
tition from the Japanese, who, Mr.
McKenzie says, "politically are our
allies: commercially, they are ou;'
great rivals." He says that the Jap.
ane.oe attempt "by political influence
and by control of the means of com
munlcation to close up parts of the
far east to us (the British)." They
have a practical monopoly in Corea,
and they discriminate in Manchuria
to such an extent that "some of the
most experienced far eastern houses
refuse to try to do business there:
they say it is no use."
Vv'hile Britain and the United
States are already the greatest rivals
in foreign commerce, they have joint
Interest in preventing Japan from
acquiring economic control over
China, and in opposing political con
trol to that end. Both are advocates
of the open door, which Japan seeks
to close against them and all other
nations. But full co-operation with
Britain would be impossible so long
as that country clings to Its exclusive
concessions and to its great sphere of
influence in the whole Yang-tze
valley, and continues certain dis
criminative practices against non
British traders. Most vexatious of
these is the law requiring British di
rectors and managers for British cor
porations formed by Americans and
employing American capital. Some
of these practices can be defeated by tion to observe that the number of
srrihRrs to their funds. A fault of
organization in the past has been
that it did not take account, of the
need of giving men more work to do
in order to hold their interest. The
women have had their sewing circles
and their church suppers and their
numerous aid societies, in which they
have performed prodigies ot service,
and through which they have been
hAld steadfast, while with some ex
ceptions their husband and brothers
have had comparatively tune iu uu.
If that Danville wife instead of
hunger-striking had contrived to put
her husband to work at something
constructive tor the good oi tne or
ganization to which she belonged
there might have been a chance of
enlisting him. We are willing, to
forego the opportunity of discussing
the interesting theological question
whether salvation by duress is per
manently efficacious in favor of the
proposition that any comprehensive
future programme ior recruiuui,
men for the churches must put mem
to work and Keep mem i
it will fail.
FEWER FARMS BETTER TILLED.
Tt Is Dossible to draw several in
teresting conclusions from the re
cently published preliminary figures
r-nnr-ernine agriculture in Maine.
They present the typical picture of
reduced acreage devoted to farming
and fewer individuals engaged in it j
Yet total value of farm property nas
increased from iisa.z i.ouu to
J270.526.000 in ten years and there
seems to nave iweu
crease in yield per acre. This is an
important gain, especially wnen it
is reflected in staple crops', such as
nntatoes. for which Maine is famous.
Ten years ago the average yield of
tubers was 210 bushels to the acre.
It is now 229 bushels to the acre.
The average for the United States
is less than 100 bushels. Clearly
there has been an important offset
to loss of mere farm acreage.
The first half of the nineteenth
century found the American people
devoted to agriculture, virtually to
the exclusion of every other industry.
It will be recalled by readers of his
tory that a fruitful cause of unrest
during that period was lack of mar
kets for all that farmers were able
to produoe. The whisky rebellion
was the product of demand of grain
producers for an outlet for their
chief crops rather than of insistence
on alcoholic drink. Movement of
population from the rural districts
to the cities constitutes a social
menace only if it threatens an in
sufficiency of food for the population
as a whole. .
Thus conditions In Maine supply
a basis for possible revision of hasty
generalizations. The test of agri
cultural adequacy is product rather
than population on farms. The
number of farms In Maine decreased
9 per cent in the decade under re-
iew, but it is well in this connec-
new laws, but others can be met by
diplomacy only, while still others
must be dealt with by the ingenuity
and aggressiveness of the individual
American. A great step toward the
liberation of China from foreign po
litical control and the wedging of the
door wide open would be total aboli
tion, of all concessions and spheres
of influence, leaving the entire field
free for all. In proposing it the
I'nited States would be opposed by
Critain and all the allies.
cattle an important source of food
meanwhile increased from 225,000
to 300,000. In the same period the
number of cattle kept in villages and
towns increased from 9700. to 19,775.
Not all the movement from rural to
urban surroundings represented loss
of food production.
There is little difference In plans
of the Japanese picture-bride mar
riage and the market for Armenian
brides sold to the highest bidder, ex
HARDING'S PLAN FOR A LEAGCE.
Soured advocates of the unchange
able Wilson league, who cultivate
the impression that President-elect
Harding has no definite idea of the
kind of association of nations that he
wants are answered by the statement
that Jacob Gould Schurman makes
after an interview with Mr. Harding.
He says that Mr. Harding has a def
inite programme and describes it. It
has four, not fourteen, points, which
are:
1. Codification of International law.
2. Establishment of a world court of
Justice.
3. Organization of a world conference
to arrange disputes that are beyond the
reach of international law.
4. Disarmament.
The strength of that programme
is that it does not attempt too much
at the outset. It resembles the steel
frame of a modern buildings a
strong skeleton to which all else is
attached. Its chief merit is that it is
not an attempt at a well rounded
constitution for a league which
springs into existence complete In all
its parts. It recognizes that such a
league must be a product of gradual
development, like the British consti
tution or even that of the United
States, which though the same In Its
main structure has undergone many
changes in less than a century and
a half. This skeleton of a league is
so free from any of the features
which provoked the antagonism of
the bitter-enders that it should com
mand the support of the bitterest
among them.
The one point which distinguishes
Mr. Harding's plan from President
Wilson's league is that it contains no
suggestion of force. Compulsion in
some form, ranging from the boycott
to open war, appears in the Ver
sailles covenant, and its obligation to
use force in hypothetical" circum
stances which can now be described
In only general terms was the cause
of most determined opposition. The
best justification for this opposition
is that, as nations now are, fulfill
ment of such obligations is contin
gent upon the state of public opin
ion when the time for action arrives.
This Is the truth because a demo
cratic government cannot act with
out popular approval and a war can
not be fought without co-operation
from practically a whole nation.
Italy escaped a dilemma because the
triple alliance was expressly defen
sive and because the war declared by
Germany and Austria was plainly ag
gressive, but even if the treaty had
bound Italy to aid In an aggressive
war, it Is doubtful whether the
people would have permitted the
government to fulfill the obligation,
for it was directly contrary to na
tional interest and sentiment France
realized the danger of reliance on
pledge ok aid from the league
against aggression under hypothet
ical circumstances and demanded
special defensive treaties with the
United States and G-eat Britain in
addition. These guaranties might
have proved Illusory, but that Is less
likely with a special pledge given by
a single nation than with a general
pledge of all nations. .
Mr. Harding's first purpose evi
dently is to establish the reign of law
in place of the reign of force among
nations. The first step Is to define
and codify international law. That
term is now applied to a series of
precedents and principles, which
have grown out of practice or out of
treaties- between individual nation
and have been accepted by other na
tions, but they have been changed
or set aside as the convenience of
some nations dictated. The first at
tempts to codify them and to secure
their general acceptance were made
at the Geneva and Hague confer
ences, but The Hague treaties are
not binding on any nation at war
unless all other belligerents are
parties to them. When the world's
greatest lawyers have put the law of
nations Into exact words and as
sembled It into a code and when, the
nations have given their adhesion to
this code, the first essential condi
tion of the reign of law will . have
been provided.
A code of law naturally Suggests
a court to administer it. This Mr.
Harding proposes to establish, for
trial and decision of disputes be
tween nations that come within the
provisions of the code. Thus all dis
putes that are termed justiciable
would be removed front the category
of possible causes of war, for,,
though resort to the court would be
optional with both parties to a dis
pute, such action by one party
would set to work the moral judg
ment of the world to compel the
other party's consent, and refusals
would ba rare.
But disputes arise between nations
wnicn are not susceptible of judicial
or national honor on which a- nation
will fight rather than yield. To pre
vent them from leading to war, Mr.
Harding proposes world conferences;
probably to meet regularly or in any
great emergency, which would do
their utmost to reconcile the disput
ants by mediation and to bring about
an amicable settlement of the quar
rel. It Is generally agreed that, if
such an instrument had existed in
July, 1914, the war would have been
prevented. The pressure of public
opinion against war, as voiced by
delegates from all nations, would
have been so strong and the oppor
tunity of peaceful settlement would
have been so undeniable that even
the war-mad kaiser would not have
dared to strike. Such would be the
effect of a world conference on the
Harding plah.
It Is significant that disarmament
is placed last among the four points.
This Is logical, for definition and in
terpretation of law and mediation of
non-legal disputes must precede dis
armament. When nations know the
limits within which they are free to
act, have a tribunal before which
they can summon any nation which
trespasses on their rights, and can
adjust all questions of vital interest
and honor through the mediation of
a world conference, while rejection
of that mediation would bring down
upon the aggressing nation the moral
condemnation of the whole world,
the need of armament gradually dis
appears. Confidence In the new ma
chinery for securing justice and pre
serving peace, confidence in the good
faith of other nations, would also
grow,- and nations wquld gradually
by common impulse give up their
arms to the museums. A change
would come similar to that which
has come over the west. In pioneer
days, before there was law, every
man carried a gun for self-defense.
When the vigilantes disposed of the
outlaws and when the supremacy of
law gave security, men took to leav
ing their guns at home, and dis
armament was effected by common
consent. The world is in much the
same lawless condition as the west
was sixty and seventy years ago.
Having established conditions where
disarmament .was safe, a league
would have no difficulty in arrang
ing disarmament by the great ma
jority of nations, and any which held
out could quickly be disarmed by the
rest.
Omission of any suggestion of
force behind the action of the league
can be explained by what goes be
fore. Behind the world's code, the
decisions of the world court and the
counsels of the world conference
there would be massed such moral
foroe that. If any nation ventured to
defy them, those who exercised that
moral force would instinctively,
without any preliminary agreement,
exert physical force in some form to
overpower the outlaw. As the part
which .the nations took In the war
was in ach case the result of intel
lectual and moral training through-
out their history, so would the opera
tion of a league such as Mr. Harding
plans prepare the nations to play
their proper part In another world
crisis. They would pursue a law-
breaking nation as readily as any
community hunts an outlaw. That
would be a natural consequence of
inauguration of the reign of law.
No good is likely to be accom
plished by passing laws, as some are
talking of trying to do in eastern
states, prohibiting destruction, of
wild flowers, but something may be
done by an appeal to the thought
less and by a reminder now and then
that not many, even of the most ex
quisite of them, can possibly be half
as beautiful anywhere else as in the
place that nature made for them.
The wild bouquets that soon will be
seen in the arms of home-going
picknlckers will be sorry, wilted and
bedraggled affairs; the impulse to
pick them was strong while they
were in their pristine freshness, but
they seldom will have survived the
BY-PRODUCTS OB" THE PRESS
Cap and Gown Wearing Gets Body
Blow From Educator.
Wearing of "alleged hats" and
gowns at graduation exercises was
denounced by William McAndrew. as
sociate superintendent of New York
olty schools, in an address at the
opening session of the Los Angeles
city teachers' institute,
Mr. McAndrew characterized gowns
as "Joseph's coat." He declared that
in this republic children are taught
that all caste, formality and "such
rot" is done away with, yet at nearly
all graduation exercises flowing
gowns and "alleged hats" are worn.
The speaker also criticised other
old and established forms lit the edu
cational system of the United States.
He took exception to calling people
"doctor" who have received M. A.,
A. B., and what he called "D. F." de
grees. He also attacked the present
idea of educating students for selfish
reasons. "Pupils are urged to get an
education so that they will be better
fitted in this world,' and the Impli
cation is that they will be better fit
ted for selfish reasons," he said. He
urged that children be told that edu
cation is a duty they owe the state,
and that they should acquire all the
intelligence they can. Los Angeles
Times.
Lawmakers seem the same the
world over and freak legislation al
ways crops up when legislatures go
Into session. This year's collection at
Sacramento, where the erudite and
chosen of the state of California are
leathered, niacins: a fresh crop of
statutes on the books, is an especially
choice one, judging from the follow
ing samples:
A short biographical sketch and
photograph of every candidate for a
state office would be printed on the
sample ballots sent out by the secre
tary of state before each primary
election, under an amendment pro
posed by W. A. Sloane, associate Jus
tice of the supreme court, in a letter
to Senator Herbert L. Slater of Santa
Rosa. According to Justice Sloane, a
similar law Is In effect in Oregon
and would give the electors more
general Information concerning can
didates they are asked to support.
An assembly bill would compel the
branding of all crabs roped in Cali
fornia or carted in.
Radical changes In the state flsb
and game act are proposed by Senator
Harry A. Chamberlain. In the first
place. Chamberlain would amend tne
act to limit the speed of, ducks on the
wing to 25 miles per hour. And in the
second place, the southern senator
would compel all ducks to make a
loud, distinct and audible sound when
approaching a hunter.
Those Who Come and 'Go.
Two thousand canary birds were
brought to Philadelphia in the hold
of the steamship Kerlew after their
owner battled night and day with
exeat hordes of rats to save his val
uable consignment. It is the first lot
of canaries imported Into this country
since before the war. A description of
the fight to save the canaries was
given by Frank Vahle, the bird fan
cier who brought them over with
him, according to a news report.
"The rats made my life Intolerable,"
he said. "I killed 20 with my own
hands and destroyed 50 or more with
poison. They killed in all between 150
and 160 of the birds."
Mr. Vahle was In a nervous and
exhausted condition as the result ot
his night vigils during the 21 days
the ship took in reaching here from
Hamburg. The Kerlew carried a cargo
of grain on the voyage over and
brought back general merchandise.
For this reason the rats, which had
been drawn to the vessel because of
the grain, were famished during the
return trip. The canary Dims were
procured by Mr. Vahle from the Harts
mountain region near Wenrstaat,
Germany. Mr. Vahle, who owns an
'There is no more need for a famine
In China than for one in the Willam
ette valley, if the resources of the
country could be developed," said
Mahlon H. Day, yesterday. Mr. Day
passed through Portland on his way
to Eugene where he will address the
University of Oregon student body on
conditions in China. He is home sec
retary of the Canton Christian college
at Canton, with headquarters in New
York. He spent six months in China
last year, studying conditions. "I am
interested, of course, in relieving the
famine sufferers, but what I am more
Interested in is famine prevention,"
he said. "The two greatest material
needs of China today are modern
agriculture and modern industry. We
must educate the young people of
China so that they will be able to de
velop the great resources of their rich
country." The Canton Christian col
lege ' is the only co-educational in
stitution in China. It has been- es
tablished 16 years, has 900 students,
61 buildings, 150 acres of land, 90 in
structors and Is non-sectarian. Mr.
Day is a graduate of the Univeristy
ot Oregon.
B. F. Jones of Toledo, who will go
down in history as the father of the
Roosevelt highway bill, passed
through Portland yesterday on his
way to Salem. He will tell the leg
islators all about the advantages of
his pet highway and ask them for
aid. "I am sure that the government
will lend its aid also," he said. 'The
ports of Newport and Toledo have put
up 1750,000 for harbor improvements.
They raised this money before the
government promised anything and
then the government stepped in with
its help. It will be the same with
the highway. The state must do some
thing first. The government sawmill
at Toledo is ready to start soon. At
least 500 men will be employed in
the mill and in the woods." Mr. Jones
was at the Imperial.
"Everywhere I go in the United
States, I find people think I come
rrom the coldest town on the conti
nent," eaid J. W. Burke of Medloine
Hat, at the Multnomah yesterday.
"True, our immediate section is more
or less of a barometer as to weather
conditions all over the United States,
but we have far better 'weather than
in hundreds of other places In the
states and Canada Not all storms
oome from Medicine Hat, as Is gen
erally believed. The northwesters
pass us by, gracefully sweeping far
to the westward and making the cir
cuit farther south, to bear down on
the middle west. Our spring, sum
mer and fall climate Is delightful. It
does get very cold in winter, of
course, but I have suffered more from
the cold in Chicago and New York
than in my home town."
Portlanders were not the only ones
wno assisted in making the commu
nity ball held at the auditorium Mon
day night a succesa Representatives
of the Cherrians and the Rotary club
of Salem came to Portland with their
wives to be present at the affair. The
men wore their uniforms, for be it
known that even while ejoying them
selves, they remember the value of
advertising. . Their organizations are
close to their hearts and they have
found that they can boost them and
Salem at the same time. The Salem
delegation was headed by Mr. and
Mrs. Charles Nolan of the Cherrians.
Mr. Nolan is King Bing this year.
Journey home. It would not be well
to curb the love of beauty which led ,,, ,.hirri store, said that some
to spoliation oi wouu uaic, uui . . were -worth as much
a higher reverence can be cultivated
which understands if they are left
to perpetuate their kind they will be
ot Infinitely more service than when
dubiously employed in situations
which they do not really decorate.
And it Is said that the existence of
certain well-known species of wild
flowers is already threatened by
raiders who, not content with pick
ing the blooms, pull whole plants up
by the roots.
The ordinary citizen, by which is
meant the man just about "touched"
by the income tax, contributes prob
ably as much as fifty dollars a year
to passing charities. If he puts that
amount into the community chest he
ought to get a clearance card and his
conscience stay soothed for the year.
The third Napoleon wore out the
plan when he turned France from a
republic to an empire. The ex
crown prince will fail in his scheme
in Germany, hinted at in news that
comes from Paris.
Kentucky tobacco growers have
resolved to plant no crops this year,
owing to excessive stocks on hand,
which will deprive no one of his
smokes while holding out an inter
esting possibility of more food to eat
between pipes.
Mr. Gordon keeps his seat In the
That this field is essentia! to the cit that one is Christian and tho. decision questions of vital interest intended he should.
Optometrists say that amber
glasses will cure marital troubles and
lessen cause of divorce. That may
be true, v Anything that will give
each a better view of the other will
help. -
The ex-crown prince says he stays
in exile because it's to the best in
terests of Germany that he do so.
For once the interests of Germany
and of the world coincide. -
Increase of fare is -not helping
Seattle's car line. That city of great
experiments (and great experiences)
will come to free rides yet.
Spain has challenged Amercia for
the Davis tennis cup. We might re
turn the courtesy by challenging
Spain to a bull fight.
"Shadow" has dissolved, the bond
house affair seems to be out of pow
der, and will not somebody start a
new thriller?
A man named Harness has been
sentenced to three years in a federal
penitentiary for perjury. That's a
long hitch. .
When Greek troops capture An
gora will it then be proper to say
they have the Turks goat?
as J50. They are raised by the Ger
man peasants and taught to sing be
fore being sold. ' '
A chlnook salmon weighing 714
pounds, the biggest fish ever seen in
the Berkshlres, . gets the honor of
having its photograph In the Knick
erbocker Press. Long have the Berk
shire hills figured In American his
tory as the haunt of true sportsmen,
and this wonder fish seems to have
created a furor. The story tells of
the fish as being 27 Inches long and
how it was killed In a mlllwheel. It Is
described as a huge specimen, that
must have been one of a shipment
planted there six years ago. What
would the sp'.rtsmen of the Berk-
shires think were a real Chinook to
stray into one of their streams?
V w w
E. C. Endrup went Into the Halfway
(Or.) bank one day recently and
offered to take four J20 gold pieces for
85, says the 'Pine Valley Herald. A
gold piece is seldom seen a,ny more
and, knowing that the regional banks
had called In what gold they could
get three years ago when foreigners
were sending so much out of the
country, Mr. Endrup dared the bank
to accept his offer. The cashier went
into the vault, dug up a sack of gold
coins and threw out four of them,
making ?5 by the operation. Mr. End
rup was a good sport and accepted
the gold and went away thinking it a
fine Joke. Any person who wishes to
see real gold can satisfy his wish at
10 cents a look by calling at the End
rup ranch.
see
'"Riot and civil commotion Insur
ance" comes In for a big display ad
vertisement in a recent copy of Free
man's Journal, Dublin. The firms
writing this (judging by all reports)
extremely necessary form of protec
tion In Ireland have evidently studied
their field, for they quote varying
rates according to locality. Thus we
find that there is Just half the danger
In hte north of Ireland, judging from
the rates quoted, than prevails in the
south. The ad states: "Rates South
of Dublin, from four pounds per cent
. three months. North of Dublin from
two pounds per cent three months,"
and they recommend immediate orders.
M. Matsu. special emissary of the
steamship department of the Mitsu
bishi Trading company, is In Port
land to study local conditions. He
will be taken today bv H. L. Hudson
traffio manager of the port of Port
land, to inspect Terminal No. 4. The
Mitsubishi company operates a total
of 40 boats, one-half of which are
small coastwise ships. Two of the
big steamers of the line were loaded
here with lumber a year ago. Mr.
Matsu was official delegate to the
international labor council hiH ot
Geneva, Switzerland, in June, 1920. He
Is on his way to San Francisco.
A Mormon wedding, following the
rites of the Mormon church, was cel
ebrated at the Multnomah Monday
night, when J. E. Neville of Knox
ville, Tenn., and Miss Hazel Till of
Salt Lake City were married. Both
are of the Mormon faith. Two Mor
mon clergymen performed the cere
mony according to the regulations of
the church. The attendants were W.
H. Lockett and Miss N. R. Mahoney,
both of Portland. Mr. Neville for
merly lived In Salt Lake. He will
take his bride on a trip across the
continent.
One of the women of the state who
is assisting in carrying the name of I
Oregon all over .the world as the land
in wnicn to raise the best of apples
is -iirs. rj. u. Howe. Mrs. Howe has
an apple orchard near Mosler. which
she manages herself. She is at the
x ortiuna.
L. G. Hill and H. S. Morton of Ri
Francisco, who are in the lumber
business, are in Portland on buslnpaa
at the Imperial. Mr. Hill used to
live in Cottage Grove, where he
ownea a sawmill. H is renewing old
acquaintances m tne state. -
Mrs. G. E. Perrineer of Pendletnn
ana airs. j. m.. uolph left Portland
yesterday for San Francisco. They
will sail sooi. for Japan. While her
tney were registered at the Benson.
F. M. Morley of Silverton is another
nop mercnant wno has found that the
crop is paying. He has come to Port
land to seu the rest of last year's
crop.
C H. Southwick of Yacolt. Wash
was in r-ortiana yesterday at the Per
kins. Mr. Southwick Is one of the
officers of .the Yacolt Lumber company.
PAPERS AND EDITORIAL PAGES
Reanlta of Symposium by the Editor
and Publisher.
The Editor and Publisher (New
York) has, in its issue of January 8
1921, a symposium under the title
"What Papers Have the Best Edi
torial Pages." The data were gath
ered by Grenvilie Talbott, a well
known southern newspaper man, at
tached to the editorial staff of the
Augusta (Georgia) Chronicle.
Mr. Talbott made an exhaustive
survey of the newspapers of the
country primarily for his own infor
mation. He explains that to aid hfin
in his editorial work he wanted to
subscribe for the 12 dally newspapers
whose editorial pages were consid
ered the best To that end he wrote
to the chief editorial writers on well
known daily newspapers in various
cities throughout the I'nited States
and, as he explains, "kept on writing
to them until he had secured a dozen
satisfactory replies which, by the way,
took a great deal of time and a
great deal of correspondence be
cause eo many editors of papers, as
well as other people, are prone to
procrastinate." The verdict of the
newspaper writers as determined by
their votes was that the following
newspapers are the best in the I'nited
States from the editorial point of
view:
Baltimore Sun.
Boston Transcript
Chicago Tribune.
Christian Science Monitor.
Indianapolis News.
Kansas City Star.
New Yoik Post
New York Times.
New York World.
Philadelphia Ledger.
Portland Oregonian.
Springfield Republican.
The above arrangement Is alnha
betical. The papers that participated
In the symposium and gave full and
frank replies and by their combined
Judgment indicated the 12 leading
newspapers were as follows:
Atlanta Constitution.
Denver Express.
Detroit News.
Indianapolis Star.
Los Angeles Herald.
Louisville Herald.
Minneapolis Journal.
New York Post.
Omaha Eee.
St. Louis Glohe Democrat
San Antonio Express.
Seattle Times.
It will be observed that they are a
representative list of American news
papers, geographical, politically, edi
torially and in every other respect. It
will be noted, also, that the dozen
best newspapers, as Indicated bv the
Jury, are published In various parts
or the united States. The Oregonian,
hpwever, is the only paper chosen in
the great expanse of territory west
of Kansas City. Three are selected
from Massachusetts, three from New
York City, one each from Illinois.
Pennsylvania, Indiana. Maryland, Mis
souri and Oregon. Says Mr. Talbott:
The political proclivities of the "best
papers are neither pronouncedly
More Truth Than Poetry.
By Jaiura J. Montague.
swing
ten-foot
William Culp, northwest represent
ative of the Wabash railroad, with
ncwiquariers m Seattle, is at the Im
perial for a few days.
Father Francis Leipzig of Sheridan
was a visitor in the city yesterdav
but returned to Sheridan to attend a
Danquet given Dy his parish.
E. R. Rudd of Ilwaco Is in Portland
for a few days in the Interest of the
railroad-which runs between the pop
ular beach resorts on the Washington
shore. ,
A. L. Miller, one of the district
managers of a large investment and
banking house of California, Is at the
Benson for a few days. Mr. Miller's
home Is In Oakland.
twelve'
rcjiuuiiran nor democratic, but are ren
erally known as Independent, or Independent-republican
or Independent-democratic.
Of these "best twelve" the Independent
ones are the Philadelphia Ledger, the
Springfield Republican, the Christian
Science Monitor, the Indianapolis News,
the New York Post and the K-insas City
Star. The independent-republicans are the
Boston Transcript, the Chicago Tribune
and The Portland Oregonian. The Independent-democratic
ones are the New York
Times, the New York World and the Balti
more bun. This political division, how
ever, dues not mean to Indicate especially
their present political status, but the
political policies of these papers as thev
have prevailed for a period of past years.
It Is Interesting to add that the
Editor and Publisher prints, in con
nection with its symposium, a part of
an address on "The Editorial Page'
delivered before the American Asso
ciation of Teachers of Journalism at
St. Louis by George S. Johns, editor
of the St. Louis Post Dispatch. It
Is In part:
I am tempted to say that the prime
quality of the editorial Is interest. A
dull, stupid screed without strength of
thought or charm of style, or the pith
of force, wit or humor. Is as futile as a
puff ball In battle. A newspaper must
have character and Its character Is de
termined by Its editorials. A newspaper
without character la a cross between a
demagogue and a vagabond whom nobody
heeds. Certain qualities are necessary to
the best and most Influential editorial
page. 1 will name them In the order of
importance:
SINCERITY: Tt must express honest
conviction directed to a righteous purpose.
The editorial written by a man who can
support any cause or express any con
viction may be an admlmhle exhibition of
ethical versatility and intellectual ae-tiltv.
but It will never mold opinion or prompt
to action.
JUSTICE: It must be grounded upon
sound principles of equity.
ACCURACY : It must be based upon
truthful statements ot fact. Quotations
should be correct.
HUMANITY. It should tie the voice of
the mute and the tribune of the weak.
COURAGE: It should speak truth with
out fear or favor.
BREVITY: The shorter the space in
which the writer can Intelligently, com
prehensively and forcefully convey his
Idea to the reader, the better. The true
measure Is the Importance of the subject
and the necessity of setting forth fully
the statement of fact, the convincing rea
son and the driving conclusion. A stick
ful of dynamite Is more effective than a.
column of fiTeworks.
A tllES'I'lOX OF TASTE.
I can see the old home town while
reading "Main Street"
And recall some folks I rather
would forget
There are ladies who remind me of
the girls I left behind me
In that interesting tale, ".Miss Lulu
lieu,'-
But no yarn of Introspective village
females
Ever keeps me from my slumber
half the night,
Like a knock-down-drag-out story
that is rough and wild und gory
And is filled with folks who love
to braw'l and fisht.
Oh! I like to watch a big tivo-fisted
hero
Smash his way through every
chupter of a book;
Making victories emphatic with a
five-shot automatic
While the villains crinye and cower
at his look.
l like to see him
scantlinc
As he purges gas house gangs of
blackBuard crime.
W'th an ardor nuite pathetic I have
tried to be aesthetic.
But a rough house has me going
every time.
Mr. Shaw is over fond of conversa
tions, Mrs. Wharton puts no gun play In
her stuff, '
Mr. Locke and Mr. Barrio both aro
entertaining very
But you couldn't call their nnv!
really rough.
What I like the best of all Is Shake
speare's method.
He could pour out words and action
in a flood;
He could make the sabres rattle and
the hair fly in a battle
And he certainly was never scared
of blood!
Oh, I love to read of scenes that reck
with carnage,
Where the hero, unafraid, and never
fussed.
Smiling Just the merest trifle, pumps
his thirty-thirty rifle
And a hundred desperados bite tho
dust.
1 IlkV,V,C' th6 baffIed scoundrel
writhing
In a strong arm person's unrelent
ing grip.
I would fain be cultivated, hut that's
not the way I'm gaited.
For the rough house story gets me.
every trip! " uo
The Only Thlnir Ncrr.
.nrL"Sland realIy want9 to start
something at ftnv 1
nh o-i,. t , ; ' iiuesn i
she give Ireland one of her se.tt i
tne leaguer
No Economic Low,
Ten thousand office holders r
going to leave Washington-but no!
till their successors are appointed
e e
. A Trifle Delated.
th;,00T.bad - D'AnnunzIo didn't learn
that Italy wasn't worth dy.pg for "ll
ry of hh follower, had died
(Copyright. 1001, by BellSyndicats. Inc.)
ONE CLASS PURMshe, pR0BtEW
Intermedia, ,.,,.. ,,. for
Innl. Too Toons for Penltentlar-r.
LA GRA.VDE, Or.. Jan l7fT .i
Editor '.Governor Olcoit iThT, ia
sTid"" thatmfMSre '? ,h 'Mature
in
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years: Ago.
From The Oregonian of January 19. 189.
St. Louis. The national convention
of the people's party will be held at
St. Louis July 22. Decision came
after a two days' session of tho na
tional committee.
I A Topeka newspaper will be deliv
ered every day for the next zo years
at the grave of Sam Radges, a Topeka,
publisher of city directories.
Before he died Radges took out a
20-year paid subscription to the paper
and requested that it be delivered to
him at the cemetery. He was buried
in a vault that he erected himself
nearly ten years ago in anticipation
of death. An electric light, which
hangs inside the vault, is to burn
'forever. -
Appearance of Narcotics.
MENLO, Wash., Jan. 17. (To the
Editor.) A short time ago I read in
The Oregonian that a rot of the
crimes now being committed were the
work of drug addicts. Those who
form , the drug habit seem to be on
the increase. How can people tell
what kinds of persons they are min
gling with?
J"lease publish In terms that a lay
man can understand, some of the
ways to judge a drug user. We can
tell a drunk by his appearance. Let
us be as capable of knowing a drug
user. LAYMAN.
Persons addicted to the use of
dlleterious drugs have the appearance
of anemia that Is a pale or pasty
complexion and are given to fitful
moods depending upon their access to
the drug. But 111 health or body con
finement may cause the same appear
ance and there Is no characteristic by
which the casual observer can with
certainty dateot the narcotic I
The annual meeting of the Commer
cial club was held last night at the
library. General C. F. Beebe, presi
dent, presiding.
Three prisoners, ono serving a 10-
year sentence for burglary, another a
one-year sentence for larceny and the
last awaiting trial for larceny, es
caped from the county Jail last night
The equal euffragists last night
held a meeting and Invited the na
tional convention of that organization
to meet In Portland.
Fifty Years Aro,
From The Oregonian of January 10. 1S71.
Paris Troops now surrounding this
city number some 450,000 men, but
with that number the line of siege is
rather thin In some places, it was
announced.
Brigham Young Isr said to be en
gaged In writing a book on "What I
Know About Women." i
The shipments to foreign ports thus
far In January aggregate larger than
for any equal period In the history
of the port. Total value of cargoes
thus far is 34,256.15.
Several have been arrested at Salem
for selling liquor on Sunday.
Rattlesnake an Eg a: Layers.
NAHCOTTA, Wash., Jan. 17. (To
the Editor.) I see that John Bur
roughs, in his nature notes In The
Oregonian, January 15, says that
rattlesnakes do not lay eggs, but are
viviparous. With all due respect to
Mr. Burroughs, and his reputation as
a naturalist, I must beg to differ
with him.
Some years ago. while living In
Indiana, I killed a rattlesnake. . with
an axe, cutting it in two, and it had
seven or eight eggs in it.
Possibly he has confused the habit
some snakes have, of swallowing their
young when danger threatens, as I
have seen some of them do.
F. L. SARGA-N'T.
school became i,i,. ',.
release was anythlngTuteoun,
j'-vin,' rfJ.li' o,af
re-ponIble for this condition? l!nd'r
the law children under the age of ij
years committing crimes can be com
""which hh9 PSfrm -"ol. the Cam.
ti ,i bee" re,'ent'y changed
"tsi f, T eu","'1'8 name of
state training school." n0r8 these
youthful criminals and other boJ8
and girls committed merely on ac
count of being incorrigible, refusfng
t?n 7, fa""'? dlst'l'"ne or commit
ting minor offenses are compelled to
associate, with all the resultant in
ofTh 8nd d,m,ora'mg Influences
of such an association.
It Is true that under the Juvenile
court law if the minor be found " o
have committed a felony of such na
ture as to show groat depravity of
mind or who is found to be an ha
bitual criminal or who for any rea
son Is found by the court to be In-
to".?. frrefr,nmutl0n or dangerous
in ,1 weIfare of the community may
In the d.scretion of the court be re
manded to the proper court of tho
"""'J ln ?VCh SUch crlme wa com
mitted and be proceeded against and
be tried for such crime, and If found
guilty of the commission thereof bo
subject to Judgment therefor and In
the same manner aa if he had been
over the age of 18 vear. n-h. v.
crime was committed."
If these youthful criminals are con.
vlctcd in the proper criminal -.
however, the court must Kith., i,'
pose the sontence provided by law
or parole the offender, and under tho
law justice courts have no right to
grant a parole. If convicted in the
circuit court, sentence cannot bo sus
pended or parole granted where the
person is over the age of 16 years
and the penalty Imposed exceeds ten
" i" penitentiary. Where a
person over the age of 16 years com
mits the crime of murder either in
the first or eeond degree the court
has no other alternative than to sen
tence such person to be hanged upon,
conviction for murder In the first
degree or imprisonment for life upon
conviction for murder ln the second
degree.
In many cases the punishment
provided by law Is such that the court
has either the alternative of eend
lng the youthful criminal to the
penitentiary or granting a parole.
The court may believe that It would
not bo for the best interests of the
minor to send him to the penitentlnrv
uuu ma not teei mat ne should bo
paroled, yet ho has no discretion in
the matter. To obviate this situa
tion, the writer has prepared a bill
to be introduced In the legislature
by Senator Dennis providing that
when a person under the age of IS
years is convicted In the circuit court
the court may Impose the penalty
provided by law or remand the minor
to the juvenile court to be disposed
of In the same manner as If the
minor had been found delinquent ln
that court. It is to be hoped that
the leeislature may see fit to nass
this bill. "
A great many states have an Inter.
mediary institution between the re
form school and the nenltentlnrv.
sometimes called the home of deten
tion for the confinement of minors
convicted of crime. There the In
mates are not subjected to the baneful
influence of the hardened criminal
as in the penitentiary and the In
mates of the state training school
would not be subjected to their In
jurious and demoralizing Influence.
Would it not be well for the legis
lature of this state to Drovida for
such an Institution?
J. W. K.VOWLES.
Bridges in I'onlnnd.
RAINIER. Or., January 15. (To the
Editor.) Please name the bridges
spanning the Willamette river, with
in Portland city limits and the kind
of draw or lift of each bridge?
E. M. MOEEK.
Eradwav. bascule: Steel or TTarrl-
. - - ,
man, lift; Burnside, swing; Morrison, J
swing; nawtnorne, nn. rne Jvortli
Bank bridge, for railroad traffic only,
ban a. swing draw.