THE MORNING OREGONTAN, TUESDAY, JANUARY 11, 1921
10
ESTABLISHED BT WWW I- PrtTOCK.
Published y The Oregonian HMMUt Co-
13J Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon.
C. A. HOBDIN, P1or.
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lumbia this year by sending all three
of its large boats down the river, and
the government intends to send its
three diggers to the Willamette to
ward the end of the season.
In order that any work at all may
be done by the port this year, it is
imperative that the emergency bond
Issue of (1,000,000 authorized by the
port consolidation bill be available.
Without that fund, the port will not
be able to do any dredging in 1921,
and there will not be a thirty-foot
channel after the June freshet. The
channel will then probably shoal to
twenty-three to twenty-eight feet.
taking the experience of 1920 as a
guide. If the port is granted that
sum. it will suffice, with the taxes to
be collected this year and in 1922, to
complete payment on the new
dredge, to pay all outstanding bills.
4 to put the entire plant in good repair
and to operate all four of the dredges
throughout this and next year.
The Immediate necessity Is to
maintain the good channel we now
have. The next is a deeper, wider
channel and improvements in the
harbor.
gun. It will rise from the rank or a
"minor port" to that of a major port,
for which its location and the wealth
of its back country fit it.
Mr. Wight makes other observa
tions complimentary to Portland in
contrast with other ports which have
suffered a slump after enjoying a
period of exuberant prosperity. Re
marking that "Portland has never
been a boom town." he says:
Age and sure growth make for a con
servatism which Is reflected in Its people
Stork Not I nduly Favoring; Boys
Because of War Lc
come to the people who voted the Rocky mountains, by Rev. Mr. ' BT-PRODCCTS OP THE PRESS
money for public docks and should iee, symbolized clearly enough tne
silence critics of terminal No. 4. It motive that actuated all these men.
should inspire confidence that, if the , They called It "planting the seed."
port continues to build as it has be- ! Some did not live to see the harvest.
but it will be supposed by those fa
miliar with the type that they were
not greatly harassed by doubt. Faith
Those Who Come and Go.
John Burroughs' Nature
Notes.
A- r .U. nrh.i raliV0a f tllir.
The old theory that nature provides,,, . . ,6nr.n nhoo!s as the Dlace
for the loss in man power after a i to educate his children is Dr. J. W. j Caa Yon Answer These Qnesttonst
rrat w,. h mmJtm- tmm ,,, ,, : Geary of Burns, who was in Portland: , . . ., . ... .
harassed by doubt. Faith 1 " JL JT. t yesterday to visit his son. who is a j TV'Efn "i ,
was strong in them, and belief that I L"-,a S'n oaoies. suosmnua.i.eu student at Jefferson high school. Dr. ; e rIe"tles o( ".j
tneir Steps WOUlu De alVine.y CU- I ncuui uirin Biausiics in 4. icteui ueary is a mwiiuer ui a iiwiw w."
rected. To perform the duty lmme- ! despatch from Paris, is not borne out I Oregon family. His father. Dr. E. R.
tjeary, was resent tor ncieiw i j
More Truth Than Poetry.
Br James J. Montaene,
diately presented was not always I here, according to statistics gathered! rPj' iversky of Oregon and pas-..r.:'-
- maternity hospital. bytoVof &JZ?LSS
of Peter Cartwright had been aroused
were unlikely to be deterred by
minor obstacles. It took all day to
ride from Salem to the Yamhill
neighborhood, and one of these rides
and its buildings and which In these days js the SUDject of an interesting anec
of general slackness comforts Itseif with rr . . . . I
THE MAYOR OS THE JOB.
Among other talents bestowed by a
bountiful and discriminating Provi
dence upon our popular and versatile
Tn.ivnr is tie rare gift of publicity.
The spot-light just naturally follows
him wherever he goes, t.eins an
In the art of dodging, he couldn't
avoid it if he would: and, of course,
he wouldn't. He is the first and last
rasnurce of the insatiable reporters
an ever present help in time of
. trouble meaning those arid days
whn news is scarce. It la never
scarce at the city hall, and now will
not be at the police station.
Lest it be thought that we are
mildly satirical at the expense of the
mayor, let it be said that we rejoice
greatly at his advent at the police
station, with all his convenient and
I efficient paraphernalia for ltme-
lighting and noise-making. Before
he gets through he will know more
about the workings of the police;
and so will the public. If the public
wants to know one thing more than
any other just now, it is what is the
matter with the police. If anything;
and if so. or if not, why the burglar
burgles on with comparative immun
I Ity. the foot-pad holds up the belated
citizens and gets away with it, and
the sneak-thief carries off about
everything he can get in his itching
palm.
It is true that a crime wave en
velops the country, from the auto
cratic environs of the great metropo
I lis to the lonesome confines of the
frontier town. The New York papers
are complaining of a complete police
breakdown there; and it has been
much the same In Chicago, though a
lately appointed chief Is evideritly
getting-results with his new broom
in sweeping back the law-breaking
tide. It must be said, too, that sev
eral satisfactory exploits, due to
greater police vigilance, have been
achieved in Portland.
Two highwaymen were closely
pursued the other night and a battle
ensued, in which they got away, to
be captured later at Vancouver. It
. may be that the pursuing officers
did not manifest all needed energy
and Intrepidity; yet they were on the
job. at least at the beginning, and
made it lively for the outlaws for a
time. Here we see that the prev
alent notion that the police are
asleep is a mistake. Sunday morn
ing a burglar was caught after a hot
chase, and shot through the shoul
der; and on that same night another
marauder was Intercepted but con
trived to escape capture.
But the police department needs to
be something more than awake and
on the lookout A policeman is the
guardian of the public safety, the In
strument through which crime is
prevented and criminals appre
hended. He has a uniform, a star,
club, and a pistol, not merely to be
emblems of his authority, but for
use in an emergency. It may be
safely surmised that some men seek
a policeman's job because It is a Job.
and because they enjoy the privilege
of bossing others around. But a po
lice officer has duties to perform:
and chief among them Is to take
risks. The policeman who is not
ready and wllljng to be shot at in
any emergency to vindicate the law
and protect the public is unfit to
wear his uniform.
The mayor's presence at head
quarters in supreme personal com
mand of all police activities has the
aspects of a stunt: but its theatrical
vestment may be overlooked if re
sults are achieved. It is probable
that they will be. There will be no
doubt, so long as he is there, either
that he is in charge or that the com
munity will know what is going on.
The police will be on tip-toe, and the
public will rest at night in the as
surance that the eye that should
never sleep L e., the watchful orb
of the police department is wide
open. The leisurely patrolman who
travels the rounds of the busy streets
to tag the cars of unsuspecting auto
mobiles may be called to more criti
cal service, and the moral squad If
there Is a moral squad may for a
time be persuaded to desist from
Its dismaying practice of peeping
through windows and over transoms
to catch furtive drinkers of too plen
tiful moonshine or chance couples
who are unable on demand to pro
duce their marriage license.
other negotiations and they have been
fruitless; but the changed attitude of
the terminal concern indicates a de
sire to reach an understanding with
out the Intervention of the Interstate
commerce commission.
All this is gratifying, and the re
quest for postponement of the pub
lic hearing, it may be hoped, will
receive favorable consideration. The
terminal company and Its member
railroads are. it is obvious, keenly
aware of the state of the public mind
on the question and are yielding to
it. It ts a pleasing sign of the new
relations of the people and the
utilities.
REGULATION, NOT COMPrT-SION.
The terminal company, which con
trols the union station, desires time
to negotiate with the outside rail
roads on the subject of common use
for the station. There have been kwith its own capital, hence it has not
the knowledge that reaction and action
are apt to be equal or, to translate into
less polite terms, "the bigger they come.
the harder they fail."
Though Portland has been called
slow, its growth has not been inter
rupted by such severe periods of
purely local depression as have af
fected other cities, and it has suf
fered less from general depression
than they have. One reason Is that
its people study out a problem ac
cording to the motto: "Be sure you
are right: then go ahead," though it
has quickened Its pace in going
ahead of late years. Another is that
Portland has been built and its in
dustries have been developed mainly
had the benefit of boosting by east
era mortgagees, property-owners arid
stockholders that other cities have
had But the income of its buildings
and Industries has not been drained
away; consequently, while its prog
ress may not always have been 'as
rapid as that of Its neighbors. It has
been sure, and the city has more
completely controlled its own affairs.
DEEP CHANNEL TO THE SEA
The channel from Portland to the
Sea is now deeper than it has ever
been, and it has been cut to more
than the established depth over two
months earlier in the season than
usual. All the bars have been
dredged to a depth of thirty-three
feet, with the exception of two in the
estuary, where the depth is thirty
one feet or better and where the
government is still at work, and of
Post Office bar on the Willamette,
where the depth is thirty feet and
where the Port of Portland will do
Its next work. The channel can now
be safely navigated at low water by
ships drawing thirty feet.
This is the result of co-operation
between the government and the
Port of Portland the port having
sent its dredges to help m the Co
lumbia and having later received aid
from the government in the Willam
ette. Work began about August 1
and was finished, except at the few
points named, by December 10.
though it usually continues till
March. With an additional thirty-inch
dredge the port plans to give more
help to the government on the Co-
POVERTY AND CRIME.
The most casual scrutiny of the
so-called epidemic of crime fails to
justify the favorite theory of certain
sociologists that poverty is the most
fruitful cause of offenses against so
ciety. Young able-bodied men, pre
senting no evidence that they have
first sought employment and failed
to find it, are caught in the toils of
the law when policemen summon
enough energy and foresight to trap
them. A brace of soldiers, presum
ably provided for sufficiently by the
government, offer no appeal to our
sympathy on the ground that "a man
must do something to get food" a
common plea of sniffling despera
does. The growth of juvenile disre
gard of law simply does not lend it
self to explanation on the poverty
theory. Almost without exception
these youngsters are fed and clothed
at home.
If law-abiding citizens are to be
protected in their lives and property
some consideration must be given to
the possibility that by the making of
such crimes as housebreaking and
highway robbery relatively easy an
invitation is extended to adventurous
spirits to embark in these careers.
Probably not one burglar or high
wayman in a hundred is uninflu
enced by the probability, as he views
it, that even if caught he will escape
lightly. Strong chance of escaping
scot free, upon the most flimsy ap
peal to maudlin sympathy, in all
likelihood has stimulated more able
bodied youths to try the "easy way"
than any other single consideration.
A reasonable application of stern
justice might surprise some of these
offenders, but it would be good for
those who are just setting out along
the downward path and for others
with similar tendencies, to be im
pressed, before it is too late, with the
gravity of crime in general. The fact
.stands out that there is less tian the
usual amount of poverty and more
than the usual amount of crime. The
old excuse doesn't hold good and the
citizen who has the right to walk
the streets and to sleep In security is
entitled to consideration by the
courts.
NO BOSS OF THE SENATE.
Senator Penrose's change of front
on the emergency tariff bill should
put an end to the fable to which
democrats gave currency during the
campaign that he is boss of the sen
ate. That fable was founded on the
facts that he is chairman of the fi
nance committee and that Senator
Aldrich, who preceded him before
the domocrats won control, was re
puted to be the boss.
So far is Mr. Penrose from being
boss tnat he was outvoted by his
republican associates and he then
fell in line. The belief that he was a
party boss whose influence passed
the borders of his own state and that
he was one of a "senatorial oli
garchy" which dictated the nomina
tion of Senator Harding has as slen
der a foundation. He controlled the
vote of Pennsylvania and so far was
he from supporting Harding that he
held it In line for Governor Sproule
till the nomination of Harding was
certain.
Senator Aldrich doubtless had
greater influence In the senate than
any other senator, but that was due
to his capacity as a leader and or
ganizer, for senators would soon
overturn a man who tried to "boss"
them. He was able to discover what
shape a bill should have in order
to unite his party In its support, then
he arranged the necessary compro
mises and organized the senators to
pass it- Because he succeeded he
was called a boss. An attempt has
been made to fasten the same title
on Senator Lodge, because he led
the fight for reservations to the
league, but the bitter-enders dis
proved his right to the title by cast
ing the votes which defeated ratifi
cation.
The Pennsylvania senator's flop on
the tariff bill reveals him as not
boss, or even leader, of the senate.
and the adverse vote of his repub
lican colleagues on the finance com-
mtttee proves that they do their own
thinking.
PRAISE FOR PORTLAND'S DOCKS.
Portland's harbor facilities have
favorably impressed Frank C. Wight,
associate editor of the Kngineerlng
News-Kecord, tor In giving his ob
servations on a recent visit he says:
The new No. 4 terminal, formerly called
St Johns terminal, where is located the
grain elevator which caused some worry by
Its subsidence about a year ago. Is an
admirable piece of work, quite the most
modern and errictent river terminal for
ocean-going vessels on the continent.
Here again in a minor port one sees the
latest and best Ideas of port development
worked out In a successful manner. The
grain elevator is now complete and. thanks
to th extra outside piling, seems to be
stsble.
That opinion, coming from an un
biased outsider who is a good judge
of engineering- work, should be wel-
THE EYE-OPENER,
Try as we will we cannot feel
shocked by the criticisms the demo
cratic captains of Oregon make of
the sacred primary. Rather, the
wonder grows that so long a time
elapsed before these high council
lors of the party found out the ef
fects of some of the features of the
system.
Time was when the democrat
warriors, captains and private
found a sacred Joy in the free-lance
opportunities offered by the primary.
By twanging the non-partisan harp
concentrating on one or two candi
dates and by interference In the re
publican primary, it was possible to
win an occasional conspicuous office.
The election of a senator or a gov
ernor was sufficient answer then to
complaints of lack of party organ
ization and party unity, and it stilled
the loud cries of minor candidates
who did not get the support from the
party that they thought they were
entitled to.
It is different now. A republican
party, united not because of, but de
spite the disintegrating effect of the
primary, has swept all before it.
There Is no democratic consolation
whatever. All has been lost.
There Is in truth no encourage
ment to party leadership or party or
ganization in the Oregon system. It
has rid parties of bossism but it has
obliterated party responsibility.
Kvery candidate is his own party and
the goat has as good a chance as the
sheet) If he makes enough noise.
The Oregonian believes also that in
a community in which parties are
fairly evenly balanced and party re--
sponsibility Is not discountenanced
there is surer expectation of effi
ciency In public office. The demo
cratic defeat in Oregon was over
whelming, yet the party polled,
last November, more than 79,000
votes. In the matter of voting the
democratic normal strength is about
100,000 to the republicans' 150,000.
Something is wrong when a minority
as strong as this wins nothing at all.
There is danger that carelessness in
public affairs will arise out of a
republican sense of security.
But the cautious democrats in
their conference the other day seem
to have agreed that while the pri
mary law ought to be so changed
and improved as to encourage party
organization and insure party re
sponsibility, it was Impolitic to talk
it openly. Why so? With organiza
tion shattered and every democrat
out in the cold, what else Is there to
lose? Is it the idea that the rank
and file of democrats are content
wholly with the possibility of achiev
ing an occasional office through mis
takes of republicans? Is there no
democratic creed or faith which the
party believes will win converts if
party organization Is encouraged? Is
It merely seeking Jobs for its mem
bers or is its primary purpose the es
tablishment of its policies of gov
ernment? THE ITINERANCY IN PIONEER TIMES.
The circuit rider, typified by Mr.
R. A Booth's proposed gift to the
state of an heroic statue in tribute
to the pioneer ministry and in mem
ory of the Rev. Robert Booth, father
of the donor, recalls the period of
construction on the frontier. Roughly
speaking, this covered the years
from about 1846 until the early '80s.
"Itinerant preacher, pathfinder, trail
maker, cabin home hunter, stream
swimmer, preacher to the many or
the few along the trails," as the type
has been characterized by G. W,
Kennedy in his interesting "Pioneer
Campfires," the first circuit riders
in the territory were men Inured to
hardships and blessed with grace to
withstand every privation.
The roll of honor is a long one.
There were, for example, "Father"
Helm, who had been tried and ap
proved in the Methodist itinerancy in
Kentucky, and who gave many years
of his life to work In Oregon: Clin
ton Kelly, also a formerly successful
minister of the Kentucky conference,
who when the Methodist church was
disturbed by the slavery issue guided
his family to the Oregon frontier In
the pure spirit of loyalty to Meth
odism and devotion to freedom: and
literally scores of names like those
of Goodpasture, Alderson, Hosford.
Spencer, Milfer, Spaulding. Royal.
Rourke, Jones and the brothers
Starr. Out of the mission work
founded by Jason Lee alone the
country gained such families as
those of Governor Abernethy, J. L
Parrish, the Rev. Gustavus Hines,
Mrs. David Carter and others.
The annals of this period are re
plete with anecdotes both grave and
gay. The Rev. Mr. Hines thought
little of the circumstance that he
once was called on to go by canoe
from Oregon City to The Dalles in
company only with two Indian boys
and was required to "sleep on the
ground every night by campfire and
buffet snow and Ice every day."
It is worth while to Inquire how
many would cheerfully make a sim
ilar journey now on a similar er
rand. "Whether therefore ye eat
or drink, or whatsoever ye do, do
all to the glory of God," the text
of the first sermon preached west of
dote in Mr. Kennedy's reminiscences.
"Father" Helm and the Rev. Mr.
Parrish, who was accompanying the
former on his circuit for the first
time, were the central figures of the
tale. They had been entertained by
a family more characterized by hos
pitality than by regard for the nice
ties of life.
After supper was over Brother Helm
went out seeking the absent preacher.
When Brother Parrish said, "For con
science's sake. Brother Helm, how could
ycu go that eupper?" "My dear man,
had to do It. I shut my eyes and hard
ened my heart and took It. You'll get
used to that kind of fare. Cheer up, now;
the Lord sent Israel both the manna and
the quails, and we may have a change
of tare tomorrow.
authorities of the united hospital I m Eugene. E. R Geary was the broth-
For tediously long periods there
was apt to be more manna than
quails in the circuit rider's dietary,
yet it la nowhere recorded that this
was a permanent discouragement.
There were plenty of other discom
forts and a good many personal
perils. The Oregon country. was not
spared the rowdy element that has
always been associated with sparse
settlement beyond the borderline of
civil authority. The muscular Chris
tianity of men like "Father" Wilbur
often justified itself as a wholesome
corrector of manners and morals
Who is there, for illustration, who
does not experience a primitive thrill
of satisfaction over an anecdote like
mat or wuours encounter with a
band of ruffians who set up a wagon
loaded with liquor on the border of
Wilbur's campmeeting ground on the
Umpqua and proceeded to invade the
meeting:
Wilbur thought that the limit had been
reached. He left the pulpit, told the
preachers to "sing something" and quietly
walked oft In the direction of the lodge.
He approached so stealthily that he took
them wholly by surprise. At his flrst'dasb
he reached a whisky bottle and -with It
began to break all the other bottles In
alght. The owners of the outfit leaped
on him, but he knocked them right and
left and went on demolishing until he had
about finished their whole stock. Then
he deliberately ordered the men to move
off the ground and show up no more.
They took Wilbur's friendly advice and
moved right off. Returning to the grounds,
his face and the bosom of his shirt smeared
with blood, he went on with his sermon
as coolly as If nothing had happened to
disturb his thoughts.
By imperceptible degrees the
frontier moved backward, always,
however, with corresponding obliga
tions upon the itinerant personnel.
One n-.-eds to understand something
of the obstacles to travel to appre
ciate what it mearfs to have covered
a circuit, as did the Rev. Mr. Booth
at one time, embracing the isolated
settlements In what is now Wasco
and Grant counties. Another typical
circuit in about 1870 comprised the
entire Yakima valley beyond the In
dian reservation, in what is now the
territory of two counties. Some of
the early Oregon settlers had gone to
that region to seek their fortunes,
and it was a circuit rider from Ore
gon who organized the first church
among them.
The figure of the circuit rider on
horseback with a book in hand
makes due allowance for symbolism.
These preachers employed every
spare moment, but they were not
often favored with trails conducive
to much more than reflection while
actually on their rounds. The miles
they covered would have taxed a
cavalryman. The summary of the
Rev. Mr. Kennedy's own labors does
not exceed the probable average of
many. Eighty thousand , miles in
filling appointments alone," more
than 4000 sermons preached, under
all sorts of conditions, forty jour
neys across the Blue mountains, con
stituted a definite treasure laid up in
heaven. In a material sense the
early preachers were not greatly re
warded. The inspiration of their
lives lies largely in the persistent and
uncomplaining self-denial that they
showed.
When for better, for worse" is
read into the marriage vows. It
means that the wife of a man's
youth shall continue to abide with
him until death do them part There
never is a case of marital discord
that has not Its solution. The thing
is to find it and it can be found.
The state fair board re-elected A.
H. Lea manager, in spite of the fact
that he was not a candidate, and if
that is not a compliment there never
was one. The next best thing will
be to make the pay worth while.
Jail sentence of six months for
whisky runners from California Is
better than money fine. Those fel
lows make their money too easily to
bother with a fine: but staying In
jail is different.
The Danville woman still ispray
ing to save her husband and he con
tinues selling butter and chickens
unmoved. It's a contest between faith
and work and there's no telling how
it will end
Contemplating Argentina as a sort
of United States of South America,
possibly the. league will be disposed
to listen to her. However, It is not
our burden. '
This Is the time to watch the
drafts and dampers. Firemen are
paid to respond to alarms, but are
not yearning.
Discovery of a nugget In the craw
of a turkey will not start a stampede
to buy turkeys. It takes two nuggets
to get one bird.
fund
Parisian figures show that during
the present year nearly 60 per cent
of the infants born in the French
capital have been boys. It was als
stated that the same thing was ob
served after the Napoleonic wars. In
New York city figures for 1920 show
.little variation from the accepted
proportion of 105 boys to 100 girls
As a matter of fact, the records at
16 maternity hospitals in Manhattan
and Brooklyn show that the propor
tlon has fallen off a little, the figures
for 1920 being 104 boys to 100 girls
Data from the board of health
corroborate the findings at the united
hospitals. Up to September 30 New
York's birth record was 52,377 boys
and 49,320 girls. New York World
Such Incidents perhaps bring us
nearer the commune. Also they give
tired pedestrians a laugh. It
raining. A limousine stopped on
Fifth avenue and a matronly woman
and a girl In long curls stepped out
The girl held a leash which was
fastened to a pom. The dog stepped
about awkwardly enough to attract
the attention of the crowds to its
feet. It wore pink rubber boots and
a rain-proof blanket. It seemed quite
misera-hle. O. O. Mclntyre s New
York Letters.
e
Roosevelt Chin, Wilson Chin and
Isabel Chin. These are not the names
of pictures, but of three Chinese
children whose father, Chin Shee of
Willows, CaL, has asked the superior
court of Glenn county to declare his
children by judicial decree.
-Next one Harding Chin," the
oriental said in presenting the peti
Uon. Sacramento Bee.
What Is the best work day ii
America? In England it is Thurs
day.
That Is the finding of industrial
research board Investigators of that
country. The London Chronicle re
ports that over a period of 20 weeks
the output was registered and
"graphs" were made.
The workers gave their best on
Wednesdays and Thursdays, but the
output on Saturday was Invariably
low. When doubled (to equalize the
time) it is often less then 75 per
cent of that on other days.
Another important conclusion was
that the skilled workman is much
more regular in his output than the
worker not so well qualified. He
does not get the "tired Saturday feel
ing" so soon.
In some factories the output rises
until Friday, but among the less
skilled workmen it was found that
Thursday was the best working day.
An important conclusion which the
investigators kept in mind was that
of the atmospheric condition in which
work is done. Records of the air con
ditions have been taken with the
output records.
In various plants the Saturday out
put was so low that employers found
it unprofitable to operate, so they
closed their establishments on that
day. From this it would appear that
on a half day the worker does not
give the average of a half day of
production.
In New York a miracle has hap
pened. Servants, real servants, an
looking for work, cooks are willing
to accept situations without subject
ing the lady of the house to the third
degree, and that domestic delight,
the "geenral houseworker," has come
back to earth.
What's more and this may appear
beyond belief each and all of them
are not dictatorial In the matter of
wages. In fact, they accept from J5
to ?20 a month less than they de
manded a few months ago.
Miss Henrietta Rothetein, head of
the women's employment division of
the state Industrial commission, says
applicants for domestic service have
increased six-fold in the last two
months. She says most of the ap
plicants had been working in factories
or shops, drawn there by high pay,
and now, owing to slack times, they
are without work.
They are far better than the
average houseworker of the last few
years, she adds, and make no Inquiry
about or raise no objection to children
in the household. Neither do they
lay down rules and regulations thai
the employer must obey. They want
work.
es of pine tree be
distinguished by the number of
needles growing in each cluster?
How does a bear's Jaw work in
chewing?
Answers In tomorrow's nature notes.
ernor" of Pennsylvania. Old-time Ore
gon residents who knew the Eugene
Answers to Previous Question!
1. How long have we had apples in
pastor well said yesterday that Dr. , America
J. W. Geary grows to look more like While apples are now successfully
his father each day. Dr. Geary says j grown from coast to coast, our first
that business conditions in Burns apple is said to have been introduced
are not what they should be, but that from England in 1629, by the governor
"we hope for the best. of Massachusetts Bay; and in 1647
Governor Stuyvesant Imported the
Dean John Straub, dean of men first recorded grafted tree to New
at the University of Oregon, passed Amsterdam, planting it at a spot later
throutrh Portland yesterday afternoon i known as Third avenue and Thir-
on his way to Eugene. He was in
Newberg yesterday, delivering talks
at Pacific college and at the high
school. "We will have 2000 students
at the university by the beginning of
the third term in April," he said yes
terday. "We have nearly 200 new
students this term. Many who have
been out for a term or more will be
coming back in April to finish out
the college year.", Dean Straub al
ways has a happy time when he trav
els about the state, for in every
town he finds some of his former
students and friends. He has been
"father" to University of Oregon stu
dents for 40 years, and no student
ever feels that a trip to Eugene is
complete without a talk with Dean
Straub and his wife.
"I had been reading so much about
Zion City, 111., for the last ten years
that I made a trip to look it over on
a recent trip to Chicago," said L. D.
Gregory of southern Oregon yester
day at the Multnomah. 'To my mind
it is exactly like these blue-law advo
cates would have the entire nation.
There is a law against swearing,
smoking cigarettes and almost every
thing that is common in other com
munities. It's an old Massachusetts
village of 300 years ago brought up
to the present age. Many of the na
tives like it, however. The town is
apparently prosperous, but I believe
it could be more so under other con
ditions." Major Thomas E. Cathrow, U. S. A,
representing Colonel Falls, head of
the educational department, U. S. A.,
for the 9th corps area, of which Gen
eral Hunter Liggett is in command
in San Francisco, arrived In Portland
yesterday morning and is registered
at the Portland hotel. Major Cathrow
spent the morning Inspecting Hill
Military academy and had luncheon
with J. A. Hill, president of the
academy; Colonel W. H. C. Bowen,
U. S. A.; John W. Gavin and Dr.
J. W. Daniels. Latter he was honored
at a reception given Dy tne caaet
commissioned officers who were pre
sented to the visitor.
Clarence D. Smith, field secretary
of the Kimball school of theology at
Salem, is in Portland for a few days
the Interests of the Institution.
The school is conducted by the Meth
odist Episcopal church of the Pacific
northwest. It is independent of Wil
lamette university in administration
and maintenance, but Its students
have free admission to courses of
study offered by the university. Mr.
Smith is in Portland to recruit young
men for the ministry and for further
financial support of the school.
Mrs. T. W. B. London and her
daughter of Vancouver, B. C, have
returned to Portland after a trip to
Salem. They will go to British Co
lumbia this morning. Mrs. London is
a sister-in-law of Edwin B. London
of this city. She was married in
Portland, but has lived in British Co
lumbia for several years, where her
husband Is a business man. Mrs.
London and her daughter have been
at the Portland hotel.
0
John Vert, a banker of Pendleton,
has just returned from France. His
wife is still in Europe, but will
return soon. The Verts have lived
in Oregon for many years and went
back to France Beveral months ago
for a visit with old friends and
relatives. Mr. Vert is well known
among Masons of the state and his
wife is prominent in the Eastern
Star. Mr. Vert Is at the Imperial.
tecnth street. It lived many years,
and its trunk was allowed to stand
as a relic until 1866. when an acci
dent demolished It.
2. What is the right time to collect
birds' nests?
Birds' nests are found best In win
tei-when the trees are bare, and with
out harm to the birds, since the nests
have then served their purpose. Dip
specimens in gasoline to kill vermin
and write a label for each, telling
when, where and how the nest was
found. A scrap-book of pictures of
nests is often a help in making iden
tifications.
3. Are bats animals or birds or In
sects?
Eats are warm-blooded animals,
mammals, like any animal that
suckles Its young. Their habits are
not very well known, but they are
thought to have two young to a litter,
about July. The baby bats often
travel by hanging to their mother's
neck, but sometimes she tucks them
away, head downward. on tree
branches, or back of window blinds.
Only harmless species live lnr this
country.
Many automobile enthusiasts have
come to Portland for the auto show.
Vmong them are E. J. Franz of Hood
River, who brought his wife and
family here for the week. They are
staying at the Imperial, as Is T. J.
O'Keefe of Boise, Idaho, dealer in
nutotnobile accessories, who is also
here for the show.
M. E. Fagan, chief of the office of
accounts of the United States forest
service with headquarters at Wash
ington, D. C, is in Portland for. his
annual inspection1 of the offices here.
He came to Portland from Missoula,
and will leave in a few days for San
Francisco. He is at the Perkins.
Those policemen did very well In
capturing the Council Crest burglar
and did It before the mayor took
charge, too.
The proposed annexation of part
of Clacltamas may start a row of
bricks tumbling up the valley.
May be the elongation of Venus
means now is the proper time to
make love. It's worth trying.
"Big Dam Site Unsettled" wrote
the headliner, and yea, verily, and
so It Is, the world over.
Some who park at the curb all
night would better put her In the
kitchen these nights.
Pretty near time for a run of smelt.
A big concern at Rochester has de
termined to make all Its payments,
including that of its payroll, by
check. It has 800,000 customers and
thousands of employes.
The plan is all right In all respects
except as to the payroll.
In Philadelphia a large establish
ment adopted the pay-by-check sys
tem as regards Its employes a few
years ago. It had not been in effect
long when one morning the banker
upon whose establishment the checks
were drawn was horrified upon ap
proaching his institution to see a
long line of men stretching out from
the bank building Into the street and
far down the block.
He went to the cashier and In an
agitated voice asked what it meant,
"It's the employes of So and So."
said the cashier. "They're being paid
off by check."
"Notify So and So this thing stops
today." ordered the banker. "I nearly
had an attack of heart failure when
I saw that line of people. It was
enough to start a run on the bank.
We could not afford anything like
that even If we had the resources
of the United States treasury."
Richard Spilling in Philadelphia
Public Ledger.
About 50 St. Paul city employes,
all of whom are laborers, were dis
charged from the city service Janu
ary 1 because they are not American
citizens, or residents of St. Paul. The
action took place automatically un
der an ordinance recently passed by
the council, which sets aside the
resolution, adopted in 1919, waiving
that section of the charter which
provides that all civic employes shall
be American citizens and have re
sided in St. Paul six months prior to
the date of application for work in
the city service. llinneapolis Tribune.
Meacham, Or., feels lost when
Burdett Ross leaves town for even
a day. Mr. Ross, who Is postmaster
and owner of the general merchan
dise store in Meacham, is in Port
land at the Perkins hotel. Meacham
is a growing little town in Umatilla
county, 45 miles west of Pendleton.
Leo Bloiss of Sedaita, Mo., is at the
Multnomah. Sedalia Is the little
town that figured so prominently in
some of Mark Twain's stories. It
was a sleepy town then but now is
one of the most thriving of the
smaller cities in Missouri.
edges to his friends that the Elks
entertainment In his town was a real
success, even If he was on the com
mittee of arrangements. " He has been
in business in Heppner for a number
of years and is In Portland for a
few days at the Seward.
EFFECT OF RATES OF EXCHANGE
Losses to Exporters Occnr Only When
Future Rate Is Miscalculated.
SALEM, Or., Jan. 9. (To the Edi
tor. Please explain how the amount
of exchange between the currency of
the different countries is established.
My banker says he don't get the dif
ference and another says no one
gets it. If no one gets it, why the
difference? I know I am a loser.
A PUZZLED LOSER.
The normal exchange rate 4s estab
lished by the cost of transporting
grid from one country to the other
plus Interest on the gold while in
transit. The present abnormal rate
is primarily due to diminished confi
dence in the ability of foreign gov
ernments to pay in gold and to ab
normal balance of trade.
In a transaction for example with
an English Importer of American
commodities, a 60-days' sight draft
on English banks is drawn In pounds
sterling, which is the English cur
rency. The American exporter sells
thesd drafts to an American bank.
As the drafts draw no interest, the
American bank figures interest on
the time the drafts will be in transit
before acceptance, as well as the
time to run after that date. At this
point comes in the exchange rate.
The bank must estimate what the ex
change rate will be at maturity of
the drafts, so that the English money
when converted Into dollars will be
sufficient to repay the original dol
lars Invested as well as the interest
thereon.
It will be seen that the bank fig
ures only on Interest on the money
it Invests In the transaction. There
!s no profit or loss in the exchange
rate except in-so-far as there may
be misjudgment on the part of the
bank In anticipating the rate, or pos
sible miscalculation on the part of
the exporter If he has accepted a
price quoted in pounds sterling. Ex
change rates are quoted daily in the
press. A pound sterling is today
worth $3.75 in American money. If
you received today a cabled offer of
1000 pounds sterling, present ex
change, for a given quantity of
wheat you would figure that you had
been offered $3730 for It, less cost of
the necessary banking transaction
and subject to possible differewce in
exchange at the time the purchase
was completed.
THIS IS NOT COUNTRY OF CASTE
THE AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE.
1 stood beside the phone one day.
And thought up bitter words and
strong
Which 1 proposed, forthwith, to say
If central got my number wrong.
I hoped, in this untoward event.
Her ladyship's replies to me
Would be extremely Impudent
And wake my powers of repartee.
For when one gets a busy line
In answer to a casual call.
Or when by obvious design
He doesn't get a line at ail,
It's consolation to Invoke
Profanity's explosive art
A few rough worda in anger spoke.
Pour balm upon a troubled heart.
I got a line I didn't call
tWhlch nine times out of ten I do).
And eagerly I thought of all
The hard and cruel words 1 knew.
But when I'd built them, word on
word
In one intense and savage swear.
An awful though to me occurred:
There wasn't any central ther.
An objurgation will suffice
To move a maid to much disquiet.
But a mechanical device.
Is wholly unaffected by It.
No matter what wild words you fling
It Just resumes its dreary droning.
And so this automatic thing
Takes half the pleasure out of
phoning!
e
Of Course. I
'Wilson Rejects Offer of $150,000
for Article N. Y. Sun. Probably it
was article 10.
If We Ilad Oar Choice.
Mrs. Pankhurst Is coming over here
to suppress bolshevism, but there are
a lot of us who would prefer bol
shevism. nm inch.
There hasn't been any reduction in
the wages of sin.
(Copyright, 1921, by the Bell Syndi
cate, Inc.)
Confession.
By Grace E. Hall.
I have prided myself on my reason.
Have studied my mind and have
smiled,
If doubt has assailed for a season,
Then vanity came and beguiled;
I have said in my heart that no '
pleading
Evermore should awaken a thrill.
That the lure of a face Interceding
I'd banish forever; and (till
Each pulse that was prone to awaken,
l'.i. ': hpart-hesit that ........ .i . I
, V-
That love was emotion mistaken.
A fever that died out and passed.
Ah! That was when ideals despoiled
Lay heaped by the throne of de
spair. When confidence sharply recoiled.
And caution repeated "Beware!"
Then you came with your message
and yearning,
Your greatness of soul and your
song.
Your fervor of impulse f eep-buriiiMg,
Your purpose so loftj and strong;
There was strength in the clasp of
your fingers,
A force In your eyes dark and true,
and the truth In my mind fiercely
lingers
I'd be saint or sinner for you!
In Other Days.
Some Reasons Given Why Married
Women Seek and Get Employment.
PORTLAND. Jan. 10. (To the Edi
tor.) Anent the controversy relative
to women workers, married or single,
I wish to say that there are indi
viduals in this country as unreason
able, apparently, as those of India,
where caste or heathenism decrees
that women shall do thus and so,
widows being ostracised, etc. Here it
is the married woman who is assailed.
I am asking if the married man Is
invariably able financially to meet
family needs? Is ho not liable to Ill
ness, linanclal anricuities or laca oi
employment the am as other men?
Should he be unfortunate (and many
are these strenuous times) must his
wife, because she is married, sit In
want with folded hands? She may
not consume her husband or wear
him and why should she not be pnvi-
Bert Stone of Heppner acknowl- Sieged to earn her living or aid the
family ir needs De7 ii sne aid not
do her part the very ones who now
condemn her for working would prob
ably critic.se her as 'die and helpless.
Then, too, employers are not hiring
on sentiment; they are paying the
present high wage for efficiency,
and if (as some assert) the married
woman is the best worker, what won
der that he prefers her? Business
concerns are not charitable institu
tions. A little consideration and good
reason is all that is needed tc settle
this question. EMPLOYER.
J. R. Buffington, formerly of
Astoria, but now of Tacoma. is here
on a vacation renewing old friend
ships. Mr. Buffington was raised in
Astoria and was In business there
before going to Washington. He is
registered at the Imperial.
Twenty-five Years As;o.
From The Oregonian of January 11, 1S9!.
The rainfall at Mc.Mlnnville durinir
December was 15.43 Inches.
The steamer Gray Eagle surprised
the Inhabitants of Jefferson last week
by making a run up the Santlam river
to that city, the first visit of any boat
since 1S82.
The city hall may now be consid
ered as completed, for all the money
in tne tuna is expended.
Fishermen at Oregon City, dissat
isfied with their business this year.
say that for the past ten years the
number of fish caught at this season
has been steadily diminishing.
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of January 11. 1871.
Vance, the bitter rebel, who has
been elected U. S. senator from North
Carolina, avows that he still thinks
the bad cause In which he engaged
ten years ago was a Just one. Thero
Is no probability that he will be ad
mitted to the senate.
The house in which Henry Clay
was born, near Ashland, Hanover
county,' Virginia, was burned a few
days ago. It was more than a cen
tury old.
London. The Standard Intimates
that If the new Alabama negotiations
fail the fact will prove due to Amer
ica, not England.
We are Informed that Brigadier-
General Bell has received the appli
cation of about 40 persons of this city
to be organized into a light artlllery
company. ,
W. S.' Allinson of La Grande is
something of a poet-but he tries to
keep it from his friends, so very few
know about it. He is connected with
the flouring mills owned by the Kiddle
Bros. He Is staying at the Im
perial. G. B. Harris of Minneapolis, who Is
at the Multnomah, is lonesome for
some real cold weather. He thinks
our present frost "just like Minne
apolis spring or fall weather."
Two stockmen In Portland for a few
days are Walter A Gover of Half
way and Albert Bowker of Heppner.
Both are registered at the Oregon.
S. C. Dutton of the Dutton Lumber
company of Springfield, Mass., Is at
the Benson on an inspection trjp to
the offices here. He will leave this
morning.
R. W. Hall of Crawford, N. J., and
George Sling-land of Plainsfleld N. J.,
have come to Portland to live. They
are staying at the Perkins.
Edward Chaester of Toronto, Can
ada, is at the Multnomah on a busi
ness tripythrough the Pacific northwest.
Status of Jnxtg-e Case.
PORTLAND. Jan. 9. (To the Edi
tor.) Some months ago the Portland
papers had columns of articles about
the arrest of one August Junge of
Diamond "T" truck fame. Deputy
sheriffs were sent east at large ex
pense to the taxpayers to bring Junge
back ana he was put in Jail. Now
what has become of him and what is
to be done? The writer has been
told, on how good authority he does
not vouch, that Junge Is at liberty on
a small ball bond.
ONE STUNG BY JUNGE.
At the request of the principal
creditor of August Junge. the Broad-
, Kanlr the CaS aiTafllSt him V3.3
postponed for six months by Presi
ing Circuit Judge Tazwell when tht
date for the hearing, October 21,
1920, arrived, according to District
Attorney-Evans. Junge was then and
still Is out on ball of $5000. At pres
ent, Junge is said to be in business in
Atlanta, Ga., and making good there.
According to information in the of
fice of the district attorney, he al
ready has paid off considerable obli
gations incurred in Portland,
Where Sand Flea Is Well Known.
KNAPPTON, Wash., Jan. 8. (To
the Editor.) As to the "sand flea,"
his fleaship Is very much In evidence
on the salt-water beaches, as anyone
can find out by turning over masses
of seaweed, driftwood, etc. They hop
or jump a clean spring of from three
to four feet.
The sand flea Is about the color of
the old-fashioned cricket that used to
chew our socks hung by the Jam of
the old fireplace, but he has more
legs, I think six or eight, although as
a rule they are in such rapid motion
that It Is hard to count them. Ho ts
about five-eighths of an inch long,
with a roundt-d back and is very fond
of water. In fact can't live without It,
but won't bite flesh.
B. F. WADE.
Indorsement on Note.
PORTLAND, Jan. 9. (To the Edi
tor.) A draws up a promissory note
for $100 and signs it. To insure
payment when due B and C place
their names on the back of It. The
paper Is then turned over to a fourth
party, D, who sells it to me, and also
places his signature on back of note.
Can all four of the parties mentioned
above beheld as lndorsercs, becoming
responsible for payment?
SUBSCRIBER.
Yes.
I.ien tor Feed Bill.
CARSON, Wash., Jan. 9. (To the
Editor.) A says you can't hold a
mortgaged horse for a feed bill. B
says you can in the state of Wash
ington. Who is right?
CONSTANT READER.
B Is right, but he must retain pos
session of horse, and the one who
forecloses on mortgage must pay ths
bill Feed bill comes first.
Moro Babies Are CIlnEcra.
Exchange.
The Moro mother. Is never troubled
by the fear that her baby coach is out
of fashion, for she never has one.
She throws her children on her shoul
der, one on each side, perhaps, and the
youngsters cling to hor hair.