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8 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1920 '
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tSTABT.isnr.n nv HENBY 1- PITTOCK-
r-ut,l.,hed by The Oresontan P0"lhJ C-'
135 Sixth Street. PorUand. Oregon,
a A. AlORDE. - B- B. MM,,.
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HI'GHES' POSITION OX THE IJEAGCB.
By choosing Charles E. Hughes for
secretary of state President-elect
Harding would give a pledge of his
sincere purpose to bring the United
States into a league of nations, jut.
Hughes was one of the first repuh
licans to propose reservations' and
to advocate ratification with them
His reservations follow the same
general lines as those of the senate
foreign relations committee, but In
some respects they go farther,
though they make no objection to
the British six votes to one. They
were set forth in a speech at New
York on March 26, ID 19, in which
Mr. Hughes commented adversely on
the failure of the covenant to make
progress in arbitration and Judicial
decision of disputes between nations,
thus striking the same note as Elihu
Hoot and the republican platform.
His views as then expressed were
those which Mr. Harding supported
in the senate, and are quite recon
cilable with those which Mr. Hard
ing expressed during the campaign.
Such a league as he would help to
form would be no international de
bating society; It would be a virile
thing, well equipped with teeth.
Mr. Hughes will carry to conduct
of foreign affairs a well trained
judicial mind, accustomed to state
precisely what he means. On publi
cation of the first draft of the cove
nant he expressed repugnance for its
ambiguities, obscurities and clumsi
ness of expression. He said it was
"poorly drafted" and he called at
tention to the severe criticisms of its
friends. He quoted Mr. Taft as say
ing that "its meaning has to be dug
out, and the language is ponderous
and in diplomatic patois" and Presi
dent Lowell of Yale as saying that
"in places it is so obscure that the
. meaning is often Inaccurately ex
pressed" and that "it is easily mis
understood and has in fact been
" widely misunderstood." Mr. Hughes
added: "The American people were
entitled to a better piece of work."
At that time he proposed reserva
tions as a means of making the best
of a bad job.
When Mr. Hughes is secretary of
- state, he will have ehe opportunity
. to repair the defects to which he
pointed to substitute the clarity
- and precision of the lawyer and
judge for the ambiguity and ob-
- scurity of the diplomat. He will
bring to bear those qualities of di-
, rectness which distinguish American
from European diplomacy and
which have earned for the former
the name "shirtsleeve diplomacy."
American diplomacy threshes out
disputed points till agreement is
reached, then defines the agreement
so clearly as to leave no opening for
further controversy. European
diplomacy dodges knotty points and
wraps them In a cloud of words
.which makes further work for
diplomats. Conditions will be so
favorable that Mr. Hughes may cause
the entire covenant to be rewritten,
and he may insist that this be done
as a lawyer would draw a contract,
- so that the meaning need not be
-dug out."
A covenant thus revised would
cover all of the seven points in
which he found the Versailles cove
nant defective. These are:
1. Explicit provision as to the require
ments of unanimity of decision.
2. Suitable limitation as to the field of
the league's Inquiries and action, so as
to leave no doubt that the Internal con
cerns of states, such as immigration and
tariff laws, are not embraced.
i. Providing that no foreign power shall
hereafter acquire by conquest, purchase
or In any other way any possession on
the American continent or the Islands ad
jacent thereto.
4. Providing- that the settlement of.
purely American question shall be sub
mitted primarily to the American nations
ana that European nations Shalt not In
tervene unless requested to do so by the
American nations.
3. Omitting the guaranty of article X.
. Providing that no member of th
league be constituted a mandatory with
out its consent and no European or asso
elate power shall be constituted a man
datory of any Asiatic peoples.
7. Providing that any member of the
league may withdraw at It pleasure on a
specified, notice.
Other criticisms were made by Mr.
Hughes, which show him to be in
close agreement with Mr. Harding
and Mr. Root. He remarked that
. "the covenant contains no plan for
the establishment of a permanent
court of international justice', and
that "so far as arbitration is con-
. cerned, the submission is optional
and does not gq beyond existing
practice." As to inquiry and recom
mendations by the league into such
matters as labor conditions, manu
facture of munitions by private en
terprise and exclusion of domestic
affairs from league action, he said:
"The Jurisdiction should be properly
defined, else that which is intended
to heal difficulties may create them."
He further said: "Unnecessary am
biguities are not the friends of
peace."
His criticism of article ten was
in harmony with that of Mr. Hard
ing and of the reservation senators,
and thf following passages strongly
resemble what the president-elect
has said in regard to American
readiness to help other nations In
case of another assault on their
liberties: ,
f think that ft I a fallacy to suppose
that helpful co-operation In the future
will be assured by the attempted compul
sion of an Inflexible rule. Rather will such
co-operation depend upon the fostering
of firm friendships springing from an ap
preciation of community of Ideals. Interests
and purposes, and such friendships are
more likely to be promoted by freedom of
. conference than by the effort to create
iard and fast engagement.
' If in our conception of duty, olarified
hv one VIM.rtenr In 4h ftn w a f mi. !
houid conclude that w should so '
war to preserve the territorial Integrity of
,!.h!.t," orJn ?Jt'M ! "!VLrt' "d
civilization, we should respond wltb heart.
Iness to that call of duty In the absence
01 article A.
The recent session of the league
assembly gave many indications that,
when Mr. Hughes moves to have
representatives of other nations join
him in revising the covenant and
reconstructing the league on the lines
proposed by Mr. Harding and him
self, he will find them willing. The
outcome may well be a league of
which the world court Is the corner
stone, which contains binding obll
gatlons to arbitrate defined classes
of disputes, provides for periodical
conferences, will adopt and carry
out a plan of general disarmament
that will leave no nation defenseless
and which will quickly array the
moral force, backed by the physical
force, of the world against any na
tlon that attempts to repeat th
crime of 1914. We may expect a
league that, while attempting less,
will accomplish more than the ver
sailles league possibly can.
r A TING TUB PRICK.
The fidelity of Mrs. Etheridge to
her husband in his grave troubl
not the first in her experience Is
both admirable and commendable.
To her the marriage vow for better
or for worse Is a sacred and life
long obligation to stand by her part
ner in good fortune or bad, in health
or sickness, in Joy or sorrow, in
good repute or ill. If there were
more like her, there would be little
for the divorce courts to do; and,
paradoxical as It may appear, there
would be fewer men like fctheridge,
It may be natural that Mrs. Ethe
ridge should think her erring hus
band the victim of a hostile social
organization, a hunted and perse
cuted creature of circumstances not
of his making. "I only wish," she
says, "that poople would not be so
eager to turn on a man before he
has had a chance to present his side
of the case. What good are our
methods of reform if a man Is not
to get an equal chance with others
after he has paid the price once?
The obvious truth Is that Ethe
ridge had every chance in the world
to tell his story, and ho ran away.
If he had stood by his guns, the
papers would at least have given him
an opportunity to have his say. That
other story he did tell, in the sanc
tum of his lodge, pertained, of
course, to his past life, and not his
recent record. It was, however, the
beginning of the end. Everything
depends upon the character of the
story.
Etheridge had his chance many
chances and he forfeited them all.
It is quite clear now that society
held out its hand to him; and it
would not have withdrawn the hand
if it had had any reasonable assur
ance that he had measured up to
his opportunities and responsibili
ties in Oregon. Because it trusted
him, it pays the price.
Tl'RX ABOUT.
When the, legislature met in 1919
it had before it a budget estimat
ing state requirements in the sum of
$1,297,214 in excess of visible reve
nues. It was no light task that the
ways and means committees of the
two houses had before them that of
reaching at least a balance between
appropriations and revenues.
The 1921 legislature will have be
fore it a budget listing general state
requirements in a sum $819,376 in
excess of visible revenues. The mean
ing is that the ways and means
committees must pare requirements
more than $819,376 in order to make
ends meet and leave leeway for pos
sible necessary miscellaneous ap
propriations not carried in the
budget. Either that or the legisla
ture must discover new sources of
revenue.
On the face of the comparison the
difficulties of the coming legislature
are not so great as those that con
fronted its predecessor. But in 1919
short work was made of $680,000 of
the excess by temporarily suspend
ing the state's' contribution to the
industrial accident fund. This tem
porary statute will expire unless it
is re-enacted by the forthcoming
legislature, and the present budget
contains an estimate that about
$506,000 will be required unless the
law is again suspended. Meanwhile
a commission has been at work on
revision of the industrial accident
law. What it will recommend as
regards contributions by the state
to the furid is as yet unknown.
There is also a commission at work
endeavoring to discover new possible
sources of revenue. Its report and
recommendations have not yet been
given the public.
Furthermore the fact that esti
mated requirements for running the
state government show a lesser exr
cess over maximum revenues than
in 1919 does not mean that the vari
ous commissions. Institutions and
officials are asking for less money
than they did two years ago. Instead
of the total estimated requirements
caving been reduced, the estimated
revenues show a substantial increase.
And this estimated increase has been
largely attained by assuming, for
comparative purposes, that 1921
taxes will be increased 6 per cent
over 1920 taxes and that 1922 Taxes
will be increased 6 per cent over
1921 taxes. No greater increase can
be applied under the 6 per cent tax
limitation contained in the state
constitution. '
It has been complained of the 6
per cent tax limitation that it is
looked upon by tax-levying bodies as
an authority granted by the voters
to increase the tax levy 6 per cent
each year as a sort of public defini
tion of economy as that policy which
does not increase the total taxes, or
appropriations paid out of taxes,
more than 6 per cent each year. It
is complained that instead of being
a brake on public expenditures it
is accepted as license to expend
more and more each year, within the
limit fixed, whether absolutely es
sential or not.
It is appropriate to remind the
legislature that nothing it could do
would be more welcome than appli
cation of the 6 per cent . in the
opposite direction. If the budget
estimates can be so trimmed that
state taxes for the ensuing two years
will show an annual reduction of
( per cent. Instead of an increase
of 6 per cent, an example will have
been set which lesser political units
cannot fail to heed. It would re
quire heroic work, but perhaps it
could be done.
The committee of German women
who are trying to persuade the
women of France that enforcement
of- the demand -for restoration of
milch cows threatens the lives of
German babies and in consequence
ought not to be Insisted on, are confronted-with
a task no less difficult
because their contention may.
be
J true. ' French mothers, too, are con-
leerned with the welfare of their own
babies and are likely to be hardened
by the thought that if the war had
terminated otherwise than It did,
Germans would have ruthlessly held
to the letter of their exactions.
France's demand was not made as
punishment, but on the basis of the
estimated number of cattle driven
from the country by the invaders.
As to the outcome, much probably
depends on whether the French find
they have livestock to spare after
caring for their own population. It
being borne in mind that mercy may
always temper justice with excellent
effect on those who decide on the
merciful side.
EDWARD E. KIDDLE.
The state of Oregon has been for
tunate in commanding the public
service of many goodmen of first
rate - capacity, who : have devoted
their time, talents and money to its
welfare, to the detriment of their
private interest. It has been un
fortunate in the untimely loss
through death of more than one, of
its capable servants. A year or more
atro the tratredv of murder ended
the energetic and valuable life of
J. N. Burgess, who had Just Deen
named as highway , commissioner,
and now his successor, Edward E,
Kiddle, has been suddenly sum
moned. Mr. Burgess was less than
50 years old; and Mr. Kiddle was
less than 60 years old. It is a sad
thing to die when one Is in full
possession of his mental and physical
powers: it is sadder only when he
lags superfluous in a lingering de
cline of health and strength.
The La Grande Observer,' printed
in Union county, the home of Mr.
Kiddle, pays a fine tribute to his
memory, describing the keynote of
his sturdy character to be his will
ingness to work. Work, says the
Observer, "was his companion, his
guidepost, his anchor." Here was
the secret of his success, as it is
the secret of many another's happi
ness and fortune. But he had ho
ambition to create a great estate.
What he wanted was to gain worth
ily what he needed for his comfort
and for his family's; what he did
was to employ himself usefully al
ways, whether in private pursuits
or In public place. On the highway
commission, he devoted himself
indefatigably to the varied tasks of
that responsible and arduous posi
tion. He took nothing for granted;
but he studied every problem for
himself. It will be hard, to find such
another.
There was no brilliancy about Mr.
Kiddle, only steadiness, sureness, in
tclligence, kindness and helpfulness.
He was a model type of sound
American citizenship of which every
community has its representative; if
it has not. it is not well off. He
was honored by his neighbors and
by his state. When a man, or woman.
gains the respect, confidence and
liking of his neighbors and his com
monwealth, he has had the best there
is in life.
LAVA BEAKS.
Irvin S. Cobb's story of his quest
of the lava bear in central Oregon,
printed in the current issue of the
Saturday Evening Post, contains its
own answer to his expression of
wonderment that next to nothing is
known of this "rarest of existing
large quadrupeds on this continent.
No one who has ventured within
the borders of the obsidian overflow
tn which the lava bear takes refuge
and in close proximity to which it
has maintained itself from prehis
toric times will fail to understand
why the most persistent hunter is
likely to lose enthusiasm for his task.
Mr. Cobb mentions a government
trapper of predatory animals who
in a dozen years of active observa
tion has seen only three and killed
but one, and a stockman who has
had fleeting glimpses of only four
In thirty years. These, obviously,
have been favored above the ordi
nary run of men. The stuffed speci
men which Mr. Cobb says was for
some tme on exhibition at The
Dalles and one that used, to arouse
the mild curiosity of visitors at
Lakevlew represent perhaps two
thirds of all the opportunity that
scientists have had for close study
of this remarkable little animal.
Whether, as Mr. Cobb likes to be
lieve, the lava bear is in fact the sun
bear, supposed by some faunal
naturalists to be extinct, or is a
distinct and yet unclassified species,
the mystery of its survival is never
theless an interesting subject for
philosophical speculation. The sun
bear may even belong to a genus of
its own, otherwise represented by
a number of fossil species including
the cave bear probably exterminate.
by prehistoric man. But the sun
bear is a Malaysian product, and in
speculating upon the manner of its
arrival in North America the student
will be led into a maze of geological
and ethnological theories as difficult
to traverse as the lava beds that
cooled the ardor of Mr. Cobb. The
amazing and romantic fact about
the bear, by whatever name we
choose to call it, is that It has sur
vived in Incredibly difficult circum
stances, its belligerent spirit of inde
pendence only intensified by the ob
sidian hardness of its lot. Its like
ness to Old Ephraim, the grizzly,
lends color to, though it is not con
clusive of, Mr. Cobb's sunbear fancy,
for the latter is, or. was. as fierce
and aggressive as the grizzly when
brought to bay, and like the grizzly
apt to do its own choosing of time
and place of battle.
The persistence with which species
and races cling to an unfavorable
habitat has caused puzzlement to
more than one naturalist since Dar
win's day. Tribes that refuse to
migrate from the icy Wastes within
the Arctic circle to an environment
more suited to racial expansion
possess Ihe same Instinct as that
which " holds the lava bear to its
home of sand and rock, nearly- de
void of means, of subsistence and
offering the smallest encourage
ment to reproduction. It is easy to
surmise tha in these and in similar
phenomena the selective system of
eugenics has worked its inevitable
way. ' The lava bear, which most
Oregonlans have heard of but few
have seen, may be, as another specu
lative school would have it, the
stunted descendant of a greater race
of-Vrsidae but in any event it seems
to have reduced the problem of
existence to its lowest terms. With
the alternative long ago of migrat
ing to a richer foraging- ground; as
did those Of other species, and of
waging the fight for survival with
different weapons on a" different
ground, it has preferred the sparsity
of a region to which it Is attached
by ties of home. ,
The instinct that leads some ani
mals to battle pluckily with the ele
ments, scorning a - less elemental
manner of life, is found too in the
human race, as Mr. Cobb discovered
in his observation of the desert'
farmer ' whose grit he is moved
to praise. The desert farmer
would deserve less comment here
if he were only an individual
and not a type. Without much doubt,
as this writer says, dry-farming on
an alkali flat may he and frequently
is one of the most uncertain an
hazardous of agrarian pursuits," In
which the settler, "season in and
season out, wages a war against un
friendly elements and a nature
which begrudges his scanty gifts.'
No western American -familiar with
the conditions which Mr. Cobb de
picts will regard, for illustration, the
following picture as .overdrawn:
Always there Is the possibility ot a scant
rainiau in tne. wet season, which means
disaster . for the. Brain he has planted
and there is certainty of assaults on his
growing crops if his crops grow by the
Jack rabbits and the gophers and the'
ground squirrels. It may be that he has
to haul his water for miles; not only the
water he drinks, but the water he washes
tn and the water he gives his stock. Often
he must travel a considerable distance
to chop the stunted juniper which serves
him as firewood. He and his brood endure
loneliness and alkali and- sagebrush and
sand storms and snow storms. No flowers
grow about hi doorstep. No fruit trees
blossom and bear in his dooryard.
Juniper and lava bear and desert
farmer three of a kind in common
instinct to fight against self-imposed
odds offer material for a specula
tive philosophy and present new
evidence that there are living thingB
not bent on discovering the line of
least resistance with a purpose or
lack of purpose which we leave to
the philosophers to disclose.
FTLMS IN EDUCATION.
In the backwash of enthusiasm
over the educational mission of the
motion picture there already appears
doubt that the' film will fulfill the
universal purpose that Thomas A.
Edison and others have predicted
for it. Its value as an adjunct can
be admitted without conceding
everything that extremists have
claimed. It still" remains a picture.
though it enables the beholder to
visualize a sequence of events, and
it is likely to supplant neither the
book, nor oral" precept, nor concen
trated thought, which is most neces
sary of all to the lesson that is being
learned.
The film is not alone, however, in
the respect that it betrays a ten
dency to deliver to the pupil con
clusions ready-made. Pnedigested
education is doled out in schoolrooms
that have no motion picture para
phernalia. It is discoverable in more
than- one so-called text book, and It
is imparted by teachers who mistake
information for education and learn
ing for thinking. There are, it Is
true, certain facts which it were con
venient to know, and certain short
cuts to experience which ought not
to be ignored by the economical, yet
these are not the foundation itself.
The danger in these innovations is
the same as that which lies In a mul
tiplicity of books. It is that the
pupil will come to rely too much on
others to do his thinking for him,
that from having all things made
easy for him he will form the habit
of shunning every difficult task, and
that he will suffer from a kind of
mental atrophy.
There was a sound core to the Old
educational philosophy which gave
weight to the disciplinary studies.
There was indeed some waste to
them, but they did produce thinkers
and most of the moral progress of
the world has been led by men with
disciplined minds. The motion pic
ture undoubtedly has its place in the
educational scheme, as have the pro
cessor and the book, but it will not
take the place of old-fashioned hard
work. It will need to be employed
discreetly to do all the good possible,
without exhibiting preponderant dis
advantages.
The livestock show people are
opposed to consolidation with the
state fair and say Salem is the place
for the fair. That's right, it belongs
there, and nothing short of seven
teen cataclysms, 1101 earthquakes
and another democratic administra
tion can move it away.
Cutting kindling must be peculi
arly a woman's job. Seldom is one
injured. On the other hand. men.
who may not be familiar with such
work, are cutting off toes and fingers
all the time. The wife who values
er husband should hide the ax and
the hatchet
The Tin Can Tourists of the World
are holding their first annual con
ention at Tampa, Fla. Speaking
offhand, we presume they all drove
their J'ords to the meeting.
The ex-kaiser is said to have
twenty-four charwomen in his castle.
He must have someone to kick out
of the way and probably the scrub
women enjoy the honor.
Now that we know exactly how
large the stars are, perhaps some
genius can invent a machine to tell
the size of a football score before the
game.
How could D'AnnunzIo expect suc
cess while running around with an
other woman? A reformer must
have clean hands.
Thousands of Pullman employes
have volunteered to accept lower
wages, Put that s not for "George."
If Wilson has a rolltop desk there
is excuse for not finding the bill
Senator Aahurst Is fussing about
A Rhode Island man is named for
minister to Rumania. That makes
elbow room for the rest .
What's in a name? they ask. Well,
under any other name the cootie
Isn't half so respectable.
Only one day more of leap year,
which means that some of the girls
will have to hurry.
The despairing bond buyer will get
his money. Depend upon it, Jt will
be squeezed out
There is. one comfort left you
cannot get the Christmas bills be
fore Monday.
Uncle Joe Cannon has become a
national Institution, like poker and
baseball.
" Wath the smoker who would re
form give away all his "rope" to
night Keep the porch lights burning to
night to welcome the -new year..
Just about time to get those an
nual resolutions out of storage.
Grumble about the raln, when
milk has dropped half a cent?
"Old-fashioned mince pie" is ad-
vertisad, . JSht How pome? I
BY PRODUCTS OF THE PRESS.
Cowboys Flee From ClvtUxatlosi to
South America's Opea Raase.
"Something coming," remarked a
deputy in the office of the clerk of
tbe United States district court, as
the click of high-heeled, spurred
boots rippled down the corridors Of
the federal building.
.The noise stopped as three cow
punchers -stood framed in the door
way. They were dressed In garb that
only thoroughbred cowpunchers can
wear with ease, and which movie ac
tors cannot imitate.
"Pard," the spokesman said, ad
dressing Abe Vfnick deputy, "what's
the chances of gettln' out of the
United States today? ,
"Pretty fair, for getting out, but
you'll have to wait a few days.
Where do you want to go?"
"South America."
The three cowpunchers, a trifle
Urr.id, entered.
"What do you want to go there
fcr?" Vlnick asked.
. "Well, you see," explained Robert
G. Rodgers, spokesman, "we're cow
punchers and we want to stay at it.
There ain't none of that work here
any more, since a certain party be
gan floodin' the ranges with his mo
tor trucks. Late years a puncher
rides around the range in a flivver
while his pony gets fat and loses his
wind feedln' the corral. And then
along comes prohibition and makes
it no fun to get to town. The only
excitement in the city is a pitcher
show with actors tryin to be cow
boys. It's all gone dead here and
we want to go south where they still
ride the range with ponies." '
The three men from the range
country they had spent years In the
cattle country around Lodge Grass,
Mont. were being driven south by
"civilization, which is supplying the
ranchman with new implements, and
robbing the cowman's life of its ro
mance." Kansas -City Star.
Life on the island of Palmito del
Verde, where 1100 former Taklma val
ley residents are establishing a col
ony. Is no longer the splendid adven
ture in a modern garden of Eden
which it once seemed. When the
Yaklmans left they were certain they
wfrre going to find a 20th century
Eden. Now many of them were get
ting discouraged and wish they were
back in this valley, according to the
letters received from them.
Miles Thomas, one of the emigrants,
was bitten by a- poisonous scorpion
and is so 111 that his recovery seems
unlikely. Another man has been
bitten by a centipede, and is also in
serious physical state.
The Takimans are finding that
while crops grow rapidly the weeds
grow more rapidly and that the de
sire for worlt decreases. They have
learned that during the rainy season
the heavens give their sole ani un
divided attention to the business of
pcuring water. The ants swarm over
the houses in myriads, the Yakima
exiles have discovered, and they are
compelled to construct coal oil bar-
liers to protect their food. There is
no doubt that the colonists are acute
ly homesick. Yakima Republic.
Ah Jim has disgraced Chinatown,
so to speak.
It has remained for him to be the
first local Ch'nese to be arrested for
drunkenness within the memory of
the oldest citizen of the oriental col
ony.
What you drink?" asked Police
Judge McAtee of the prisoner yester
day morning.
"Dlink litta bitta glappo," said Ah
Jim contritely. "No more evah, you
bet Pfobitlon all same good for Ah
Jim by and by all time."
Up till Sunday night it Had been a
sort of legend in Chinatown that the
only drunken oriental seen there was
away back in the sixties.
When Detectives Walsh and George
Hippely saw Ah Jim come weaving
up Grant avenue Sunday night they
could scarcely believe their eyes.
But when Ah Jim stopped in front
of them and blew his breath in their
faces and told them what he thought
of them they concluded he must be
drunk.
Judge McAtee dismissed the case.
Ah Jim is 70 years of age. Sao
Francisco Examiner.
,
Tonsorial uniformity will not be re
quired of the "gobs" at League island
before they will be allowed to leave
the navy yard on furlough.
Haircuts which are known to the
manipulators of the shears and razors
as the "Zulu," the "Tango" and th
"Grizzly Bear" will not be frowned
upon by naval., authorities in the
fourth naval district although rigid
rules have been laid down in the Bos
ton navy yard, according to word re
ceived from that city.
Rear Admiral Herbert O. Dunn,
commandant of the first naval dis
trict has decreed that there must be
uniformity of hair dress as well as of
clothing among the sailors under his
command, and no man will be allowed
out of the yard on leave with his hair
"done up" in futuristic styles. Phi la
delphla Public Ledger.
Indianapolis fish and oyster dealers
are taking orders for venison steaks,
chops and roasts One dealer received
a deer from Wisconsin hunters. The
shipment was the first of the present
season. Prices ranged from 75 cents
to $1.25 a pound, according to the cut
Indianapolis News.
e .
Mrs. Larz Anderson has written an
entertaining book with the quaint ti
tle, "Presidents and Pies," from which
the following is an excerpt:
A house painter once asked Presl
dent Taft for an appointment to the
cabinet preferably, he said, as secre
tary of commerce and labor. Feeling
unable to grant this request Mr. Taft
tried to soften his refusal-by explain
ing that a cabinet portfolio called for
a big man, but the applicant retorted,
much to Mr. Taft's delight that if the
president would appoint him to the
position he would then be a big man.
-
Hard I v a day now passes in Wash
ington that some member of con
gress does not solemnly announce
that the war produced 20.000 or more
new millionaires. The number dif
fers. Some fix it as high as 40,000. ,
We have repeatedly pointed' out
that" no figures, so far as we know.
are available to sustain these state
ments. We have written to man after
man who quoted them, but none has
ever given an answer that means any
thing at all.
If there is anyooay wno nas any
actual figures and reliable statistics
on which to base a statement that
the war created 20.000 new million
aires, he will be performing a public
duty by producing them.
How far does a lie travel? Manu-
facturertf Recotd.
Those Who Come and Go.
"The 2,500,000 bonds for the Roose
velt hglhway, authorized by the peo
ple, should be spent now Instead of
"w'aitlnjr for congress to match these
bonds, says Charles Hall, state sen
ator for Coos and Curry counties.
"I plan to Introduce a measure in the
legislature removing the contingency
clause so that the bonds can be sold
and a start made on the highway. By
the time our bonds are sold the gov
ernment may be ready to do its share.
I have a sort of Idea that $1,250,000 of
the bonds should be used by starting
from the California line and working
north through Curry county. The
balance, I would suggest, should be
tised for commencing the highway
from Seaside south. The people ap
proved the measure, but I think the
legislature has power to eliminate
the contingency, clause. If it doesn't,
the matter can be referred to the
people at a special election to be held
some time next eprlng." Senator Hall
checked out of the Benson last night
for Coos Bay.
Before leaving for home last night
T. L. Stanley called on the Southern
Pacific officials and express officials
to see If It is possible to get better
service into Klamath Falls from the
outside world. "Klamath Falls is now
feeing California," observed Mr. Stan
ley, "but the hastening of the high
way construction to Ashland and to
Bend will do more-to help Klamath
Falls face Oregon than any one thins,
until that part of the country Is linked
up with Oregon railroads." The last
time Mr. Stanley came to Portland
snd was interviewed, four settled in
Klamath Falls as a direct result of
the interview. One man bought a
farm of 250 acres; another bought
Into a Jwelry concern and the other
two new arrivals are also in business.
Mr. Stanley Is secretary of the KlSm
ath county chamber of commerce and
was here attending the meeting of
state secretaries as well as the state
chamber of commerce.
The people' of- Malheur county
couldn't get their hay to market ex
cept at a loss, so hey are going to
taite aoout iuuu cows to maineui
county to eat the hay. A committee
representing the farmers of that
county is buying up cattle and ship
ping directly in carload lots to Mal
heur from the Willamette valley.
Professor F. B. Fitts of O. A. C who
is in town for a brief visit, tells in
terestingly of the dairy outlook- for
that part of the state. Professor
Fitts says that alfalfa hay and corn
Bilage makes a good ration for the
cows. The pit silos are used largely
In Malheur. Some of them are 32
feet deep and 16 feet in diameter.
They are lined with cement and have
a cement wall around. The only dif
ficulty, he says, is in getting the sil
age out. But those eastern Orego
nlans accomplish this feat with
dexterity.
Coming from a cattle district Jay
Upton of Prineville, says that the
stockmen need assistance of some
sort and that perhaps a way out will
bo found durirrg the legislature, al
though he admits that he has no
definite ideas as to what form this
assistance to the industry will as
sume. Senator tpton says that one
of the banks at Prineville closed its
dcors temporarily a few days ago.
This bank, he explained, has been
doing its best to carry the stockmen,
end this is why the institution has
had to close for the time being. Mr.
Upton will be chairman of the sen
ate committee on irrigation and he
will also be on the judiciary com
mittee.
John Bell, senator for Lane and
Linn counties, Is at the Imperial. Sen
ator Bell says that the committee ap
pointed at the 1919 special session of
the legislature to look Into the salary
question of officers throughout the
state will make a report next month.
The senator, however, declines to say
what the recommendations in the re
port will be. Salary increases are not
as popular with the taxpayers now
as they were when the legislature
appointed the committee.
According to L. H. Carter, Los
Angeles is not a city of profiteers,
and contrary to many reports, he in
sists that the hotel rates there are
no higher than In other cities. He
also states that there is no especial
bousing problem and wealthy people
are not forced to live In tents. Bun
galows are advertised daily in the
"for sale and for rent columns or
the newspapers. The resort man
agers are looking for a heavy bus!
ness following the holiday season.
Dr. Owens Adair of Warrenton, Or.,
is at the Hotel Portland. For a num
ber of sessions of the legislature,
years ago, she lobbied for a bill to
authorize sterilization at me peni
tentiary, the asylum and the home
for the feeble-minded. Dr. Adair
was the pioneer advocate of this Idea
in Oregon.
"We are anxious to make the in
ternatlonal mining congress in Port
land a success' says W. B. Dennis
of Carlton, chairman of the state bu
reau of mines. "The convention will
be held within a few months and we
hope to have 1200 people here, repre
senting all' phases of the mining in
dustry from engineers and owners to
prospectors."
Representative Denton Burdick, of
Redmond, Or., Is at the Imperial, and
has been talking over legislative
matters with fellow members who are
drifting Into town. Mr. Burdick de
clares that the delegation from his
section Intend making a drive for
more rapid development . of The
Dalles-California highway.
These are busy days for Fred W.
Williams, who is registered at the
Hotel Oregon. Mr. Williams has been
holding hearings, as a public service
commissioner, on applications for in
creased rates for gas and telephones
and now will come an application
for Increased rates for steam heat
Mrs. C L. Hobart of Grants Pass
Is at the Hotel Portland. Mrs. Ho
bart's husband is operating a garage
in the Granite oity. In and around
Grants Pass there is Ideal road mate
rial, for the country is composed of
decomposed granite, which packs into
a fine roadbed.
W. A. Johnson of Rlckreall, at the
Perkins, is here to attend the meet-
Inv nf tenrhnra 7r-Mier!clc Itrch-
told, of the Oregon Agricultural col- I
lege, is here on a similar mission and
is also at the Perkins.
Over in London someone handed
C. E. Maples of Ormshirk a card of
Ross Finnegan, at the Benson. Mr.
Maples has arrived in Portland and
presented Mr. Finnegan with the card.
W. P. O'Brien, newly elected di
rector of the state chamber of com
merce, Is registered at the Benson
from Astoria. Mr. O'Brien is with
the Astoria Box company.
P. L. Campbell, 'president of the
University of Oregon, is at the Hotel
Portland while attending the confer
ence of teachers.
Ancient mariners at the Multnomah
are Captain Mons Daksen and Cap
tain T. N. Annensen of Norway.
James Wilson,, who looks after the
Prineville railroad, a municipally
owned affair, is in the city.
L. I Turney, in the stock business
in the Condon country, is aa arrival
at the Perkins. . . I
John Burroughs' Nature
Notes.
Can You Answer These Questions f
1. How does the pine tree shed its
leaves?
2. Do crows eat corn in winter?
3. Is the gray squirrel distinctly
American ?
. Answers in tomorrow's nature
notes.'
Answers to Previowa Question.
1. Will a severe winter destroy
birds?
A severe winter destroys a great
many of our half-migratory birds.
The mortality appears to be the great
est In the border states. Game birds
and nearly all other birds will stand
the severest weather if food Is plenty;
but to hunger and cold both, the
hardiest species may succumb.
2. What is the crucial time in the
farmer's year?
Haying Is the period of "storm and
stress' in the farmers year. To get
the hay In, In good condition, and be
fore the grass gets too ripe, is a great
matter. All the energies and re
sources of the farm are bent to this
purpose. It is a 30 or 40 days' war.
In which the farmer and his "hands"
are pitted against the heat and the
rain and the legious of timothy and
clover.
1. Does the fox run easily?
Judged by the eye alone, the fox is
the lightest and most buoyant crea
ture that runs. His soft wrapping of
fur conceals the muscular play and
effort that is so obvious In the hound
that pursues him, and he comes
bounding along precisely as if blown
by a gentle wind. Ills massive tail
is carried ao if it floated upon the air
by its own llghtneea,
(RlSbUi reserved br Houghton lyfnin Co.)
HOW ORCHARD MAS CONVERTED
Widow of Victim Induces Slayer o
Religious Mind.
PORTLAND. Dec 29. (To the Ed
itor.) I beg your indulgence for
space that another foature In con
nection with the history of the no
torious Harry Orchard, the self-confessed
murderer of the late Governor
Steunenberg of Idaho may be un
folded. A true Christian missionary, real
izing at the time of his Incarceration
that the murderer would for his
crime suffer at the bands of the staff
a living death throughout his natural
lifetime, and In the end eternal
death at the' hand of God for his sin
unless he repented and received di
vine forgiveness, made an effort by
God's grace to enlighten the mind
and heart of the then vile wretch.
Gospel literature was supplied him.
and a ray of hope came into his life
when he learned that the missionary
interested In his soul's salvation wa
none other than the broken-heartc
and bereaved widow of the murdered
governor.
Mrs. Steunenberg knew the powe
of the grace of God in the forgiveness
of sin, as well as the conditions lm
posed by the Lord namely, that she,
as the one wronged and ginned
against, must also, from the divln
angle, forgive the wretch and work
and pray for his conversion, yet rec
ognizing that the state must never
theless punish for the crime.
"Thus Harry Orchard sought and
found Christ whose divine spirit o
forgiveness he had seen exemplifiea
in Mrs. Steunenberg's life and ob
tained forgiveness at his hand for his
sin; but admitted that the state must
still justly punish for his crime.
Mrs. Steunenberg was at that time,
and is now, an Adventlst This in
formation may explain why some o
the Adventists In Idaho now are in
teresting themselves In the case, since
they believe Orchard to be "a new
creature" In Christ Jesus.
II. W. COTTRELL.
SIMPLICITY IS MKRIT OF TOXGUE
Enellssi and Other I.nns:naa;es Com
pared by Dr. Hondlry.
PORTLAND, Dec. 29. (To the Edi
tor.) To make English the common
language within the United States
and to teach it alone of the tongues
of the earth within our secondary
schools should receive the approval
of even all people who come to our
shores from other lands. No other
tongue has the simplicity of the Eng
llsh words. These words have" In gen
eral a uniformity worth appreciation
The tenses of verbs representing past
time are like each other, and In
gender we are released from follow
ing other languages in calling moun
tains or trees and the names of other
objects either masculine or feminine
The Germans make head masculine
and the Italians call It feminine, but
our tongue leaves sex behind objects
Many, indeed the majority, of the
names of persons disregard the mat
ter of sex. We .do not ask whether
"writer" represents a man or a wom
an. We are not called upon to dt-
cHne nouns, articles or adjectives
"He," "she," and "It" have a common
pluraL Our verb has but few changes
of form, and the greater part of the
verb forms are regular, and but few
Irregular. In the incomparable Eng.
lish we bid farewell In general to
conjugations and declensions.
Then our language has come out
of our needs, and therefore Is a liv
ing treasure, and has been used by
Chaucer, Spenser, Shakespeare, Burke,
Webster and Lincoln. Therefore we
cheerfully welcome all comers from
other lands not only to our material
resources, but to our matchless Kne
ll ah. It ought to go to other lands
to take the place of perplexing con
fusion, and if heaven Is to sneak but
one tongue of course It should be the
English. B. J. IIOADLEY.
MR. STONE'S BONIS BILL VIEWS
Clacknmna Representative Replies to
Criticism of Legion Poet.
OREGOX Cirr. Dec. 29. (To the
Editor.) I was surprised to read In
The Oregonlan the resolution In which
the American Legion condemns my
attitude on the soldiers''' bonus bill,
and invites me to reply to the same.
I have not expressed my attitude
publicly as being opposed to the bonus
and privately I have stated that if
the finances could be arranged I
was in favor of a bonus to those who.
by their services to their country,
had incurred a financial loss.
I am not In favor of granting a
bonus to those who worked In the
BlllUVO 1-.""- .v. who tt ' b HH),0 VI
those who served several months in
the training camps. I was and am
still in favor of a bonus to those who
spent a certain length of time in the
service, the same to be based on the
length of service, and to favor those
who saw service in Europe.
If a bill is submitted to the legis
lature, the same to be referred td the
people, embodying the conditions
hereinbefore enumerated, I shall sup
port It Otherwise I shall oppose it
WILLIAM M. STONE,
State Representative,
Way to rrotect Fhrasants,
PORTLAND, Dec. 29. (To the Edi
tor.) Of late there has been some
discussion as to the best way to pro
tect China pheasants.
I claim that the only way to protect
them Is to prohibit hunting with dogi.
Stop hunting with dogs snd In three
years toe China pheasants, will be so
plentiful and tame any -person can
take bis .22 rifle or .20-gauge shotgun
and go afield and kill a few pheasants
any time he wants them.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Siesta roe.
THE DI.KSSl.TfGS OF lATKH ALIS3I.
No wonder that we think a beep
Of our free institutions.
When Uncle Samuel helps us keep
Our New Year's resolutions.
The fear that they are far too good
To keep no more wllf fret us.
We could not break them If we would.
The government won't let us.
If we resolve, through self-control
To go upon the wagon,
Eschew the jug, the flask, the bowl.
The seldel and the flngon.
It's likely that we'll keep this pact
Kxactly as we make it,
Berause we'll find the Volstead act
Has made it hard to break It
If we resolve to save earn- day
A part of our per diem,
Instead of tossing It away
As did old Omar Khayyam,
The government will are us through
And make us strung and steady,
For when the Income tax Is due
We'll have to have It ready.
If we resolve to do more work.
Our annual vow renewing.
That we will nevrr dodge pr shirk,
The task we should be doing,
The government again will aid
Our eneritis to fire.
For many recent laws have made
The cost of living higher.
Wbolo Moce.
The coal mine owners, while ad
mitting that providence committed
the coal to their charge, are deeply
grieved because .the same providence
permitted a mild winter In the north,
see
Se Prepared.
Meat prices are coming down, but
you won't notice it unless you use a
microscope when you read your butch,
er's bills.
see
How Doee lie Knew?
If we were Mr. Harding we couldn't
help feeling a little Irritated when
the reporters ask Holes Penrose who
Is going to be In the new cabinet.
(Copyright, 1920. by the Bell Syn
dicate. Inc.)
Concentration.
Dy Grace F- IlalL
The million factors In our mental
store
That labor with one purpose to
wards an end.
Are like an army marching on before.
Each with a common Impulse; and
they bend '
With every ounce ef force, their rltal
strength
To gain one final triumph at the
Inst,
And surging towards one mighty
goal, at lenrth
Accomplish that one thing for
which they massed.
They are as well-trained soldiers on
parade.
Or else ns raw recruits, untaught
unheui
By discipline, whose blunders oft
hav made
Such hnvor " t hn been
spelled:
Like men who wnndir out Into the
wood.
And, roaming, separate and pass
from view.
These factors. If they stray, miss
what they could
By sirong, concerted effort, wisely
do.
That man who wins the oftenest his
goal,
Is master of this army In Ms brain;
Those mental units yield to hlf
control.
And march together with united
aim
To do his will; but he whoso grist Of
thousht
Is scattered, like a hand-tossed bit
of wheat.
Shall seldom see his plans la beauty
brought
To full fruition, perfect and com
plete. In Other Days.
Tnrnty.Flve Years Aao.
From The Orrsonlan of December M. 1M.
Cottage Grove. Tlio I'oseburg local
was wrecked yesterday by running
over a large stoer a mile north of
Comstock. The engine, mall and ex
press cars jumped the track, but no
one was injured.
Frederick Baker, assistant janitor
In the I'ekuin building, foil da feet
to his death yesterday while clean
ing windows on the fifth floor.
People have become so sccusiomed
to the cool clear Hull II un water they
scarcely ever think of the muddy
stuff they used to drink at this time
uf year.
T'. O. R. ft N. Co. today began
cutting lis annual supply of ice at
1'orry, in the IHue mountains.
I'lfly Yea re Ao.
From The Oresonlanof December tl. W).
The railroad ranvasing committee.
seeking a subsidy of flUO.OtK) to In
sure construction of a west aide line, i
reported lust night that it has 00,000
pledged and la sight I
The law firm of Igan, Fbsttuck ft
Klllln has been dissolved by the
withdrawal of .Mr. Logan.
December has been a very good
month for marriages, IS licenses
having been issued.
The steamship California will this
morning take away exports for Vic
toria valued at 13.t and about
like amount for Puget Sound porta
XOT SOLUTION OF DIVORCE EVIL
Evans Plan Would CTeaie stw ana
Worse Conditions, fays Jurist.
PORTLAND, Dec 29. (To the Ed
itor.) Having given some study to
the divorce problem, I am Interested
In the propoeed law which Mr. Evans,
offers as a solution or toe vil
It la quite evldont that Mr. Evans
has not lost great aeai oi aieop
nor given an abundance of bis time
to the study of this perplexing prob
lem. The idea must have struck hlra
spontaneously or perhaps It was an
inspiration. In any case It is lacking
n reason, ana n suwi
duce a condition so mucn worso uwu
that which now exists as to make
the present divorce evil seem scarce
1 worth discussion.
Mr. Evans may be able to change
the laws, but can he change human
nature? This law may prevent re
marriage, but it will not prevent di
vorce. And there are worse things
than divorce and remarriage.
Will this law prevent lewd cohab
itation and the many evils resulting
therefrom? But perhaps Mr. Evans
has planned to furnish eaoli divorcee
with a beautiful halo which will have
the effect of changing the buman to i
angel, and of dostroylng all desire
not in aocord with law and morality.
Ha would have the children of di
vorced parents made wards of the
state; he would prevent remarriage.
In other words, he would Introduce
free-love Into the state. Why not
adopt the Russian idea as a whole?
Or does he plan to give it to us la
homeopathic, doses?
W. N. QATENS.
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