THE MORNING OREGONIAN. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 25, 1920 f MERCY LEAGUE AT OF LITTLE STATES Entente Powers and Japan Cannot Dominate Body. SMALLER NATIONS REBEL I'ranco-Anglo-Japaneso Oligarchy Threatens to Destroy Uarmony, 3Iay AVreck 3Iovcment. BY LINCOLN EYRE. (Copyright by the- New York World. Pub lished by ArraDgeruent.) GENEVA, Dec. 21. (Special Cable.) If the great powers want to conserve the league of rations they must be prepared to make many concessions in the near future to the smaller states. This is the impression of most of the delegates to the first ses sion of the assembly, which has ad- iourneil until next September. The general opinion is that it will eventually become impossible lor ine entente governments and their Asia tic allv to dominate the league as they have done up to the present, be cause the "little fellows" will not stand for it. And in the long run their resolve not to stand for it will lead them to retire from the league. Argentina already has pointed the way in this respect, and at the next assembly others certainly will follow her lead if they feel that the Franco-Anglo-Japanese steam roller is crush ing them. Virtually every speaker In the assembly formulated, in one fashion or another, the truism that the league of nations can only continue to live If its universality is assured. Difference In View. Universality, however, is variously interpreted. The big powers, thus far at least, have been understood by the others to consider it a means merely of the ultimate admission to the league of all sovereign states' con forming to international law. Their less powerful fellow members, on the other hand, construe universality to imply the eventual equality of voice in all league proceedings, or, in other words the complete democratization of an association that at present is ruled by an omnipotent oligarcny, ine council. Not since the "principal allied pow ers" have emphasized on many occa sions the fact that the league cannot exist unless its membership embraces all the civilized and orderly people of the world in its following, the with drawal of any considerable number of states now members would weaken and finally disintegrate the whole or ganism. Consequently the belief pre vails that the desires and aims of the little nations must be heeded pro vided the big fellows want to keep the league on its feet. Chief Rhuom for League. The assembly debates have demon strated the three chief reasons why the great powers do wish to keep it alive. They are: First, the wish,, of public opinion throughout the world that some uni versal form of international co-operation designed to avert war should be definitely established; second, tne realization of the leading belligerents in the war that the advantages they have gained under the Versailles treaty can be most surely safe guarded through the league; third, the gradually growing belief that as fire must be fought with fire, so the internationalism of Moscow can be combated only by setting- up against it a democratic internationalism. The first two of these three, points ' require a little elucidation. If it were not already obvious that humanity as a whole craves some durable in ternational endeavor looking to the maintenance of peace, the utter ances of the 120 delegates represent Ing 40 countries assembled at Geneva haa surely dissipated all uncertainty. Incidentally, none of these delegates feels that the result of the election in America indicates the American people's antagonism to the underly ing idea of a league of nations. America Finds. Objections. In their view the United States is undoubtedly opposed to certain fea 4ures of the present league, but by no means unfavorable to some sort of international association. Ameri can objections to the present league- in the belief of all the delegates- with whom I have talked during our five weeks here, undoubtedly can be met by modifications of the covenant, and the eventual rewriting of that instru ment is a foregone conclusion. As for the principal European gov ernments, their appreciation of the league's value as a conserver of their treaty increases. Their readiness to eet it to work of course, subject to their general guidance to iron out disagreeable creases on the surface of things in Asia Minor and the Baltic region is striking proof of that. Of course. Great Britain and France do not want the league interfering with their management of the Hesopota mlan oil fields and the Syrian lead mines, but they are only too happy to have their fellow members help them in straightening out the Armenian tangle and in policing the Vilna region so that Poland, France's "white hope" againstboth bolshevism and Germany, shall not be uselessly embroiled there. Four Powers in Control. Great Britain, France, Italy and Japan regard the council as the ideal league and the assembly as merely a debating society in which the "little people" can blow off steam. To the other nations which are represented here .however, it is the assembly which is, or might be. the league I that Is, the predominating organ of it. The assembly certainly did not pre dominate in the first session. The en tente .governments, seconded by the Japanese, came to Geneva determined that nothing should be done to im pair the authority conferred upon them by the covenant. They were particularly resolved to kill any de velopment that might affect the Ver sailles or 'any other treaty arising out of the war. They preferred that the assembly should fall a victim to in anition rather than that it should tamper with their interests in the smallest degree. - And they won out. But they won out not with the ap proval or willing consent of their lesser associates, but in the face of an opposition that resulted in the with drawal of one important state Ar gentina and nearly precipitated sim ilar action on the part of several other South American republics. These were overcome at last chiefly because the "little fellows" felt it was too early to press their demands to the bitter end. Oligarchy Solid for Power. The outstanding feature of the as sembly's development beyond a doubt was the unbending will of the bulk of its members to have the covenant al tered in its favor in other words, to have the power taken away from the council oligarchy. This resolve has not been lessened, Indeed it has been strengthened by what has occurred at Una cession, but its application has been postponed owing to the general desire to observe the spirit of concili ation and unanimity at this immature stage of the league's development, t The assembly's record of positive achievement is scant. Indeed, the per manent court of international justice is the only real and important crea tion that stands to its credit. It is felt, however, that the fault lies not with it, but with the council, which, wielding the big stick of unanimous vote decreed by the covenant, sup pressed the possibility of progress Jn the direction of disarmament, the development of an economic blockade and full publicity of diplomatic intercourse. BRITONS UPSET BY JIIMifl RECORDS TARIFF BILL ATTACKED ARGKXTIXA IS ASKED TO TAKE STEPS FOB REPKISAIi. Unfavorable Exchange Kate Would Be Accentuated If Bill Is Law, , Says Confederation. Indignation Grows as Probe of Fight Proceeds. ADMIRALTY NOW BLAMED Inquiry Proves That Jellicoe Plan of Battle Had Been Approved Long Before Action. BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 24. With a protest against the recent tariff meas ure passed by the American house of representatives, which may, it is said, vlrtnally-prohibit the import of wheat. flour, corn, wool and meat products by the United States, the Argentine confederation of commerce, industry and production has sent a note to the Argentine government advising that reprisals be taken against products from the United States if the house measure is enacted into law. The note, written by Carlos Torn quist, who was Argentina's represen tative at the Brussels financial con ference, asks the government to enter into negotiations with the United States with the purpose of preventing the final sanctioning of the bill. "We doubt that a measure of this kind," says the note, "could be un dertaken with complete understand ing of the facts which relate to it among others the possibility that Ar gentina would see herself obliged to adopt similar measures with respect to products from the United States." This note calls attention to the present unfavorable exchange rate as regards Argentina and says that the new American measure would) accen tuate it. It declares that the Argen tine trade balance is not so favorable as it would appear to be in tne United States and that American products arriving here already pay a surcharge of nearly 60 per cent. which is much lees than that paid by Argentine products arriving in the United States. It asserts that the money paid for such charges and in surance in both directions goes to the United States and not to Argentina. The confederation of commerce has sent a cable of similar import to the United States chamber of commerce at Washington, asking its interven tlon. LI HARDEX ASKS HOW MUCH EX- RULER SUBSCRIBED. Names of Ministers Who Allowed ex-Emperor to Take Away AH of Wares Are Asked. (Copyright by the New York World. Pub lished by Arrangement.) BERLIN, Dec 24. (Special cable.) "How many millions of the German war loan did Wilhelm," the late kaiser and king, the owner of real estate and personal property of over a billion marks (normally $250,000,000) in val ue, subscribe and pay for?" . The irrepressible Maximilian Har den asks this timely question and adds: "Three years ago a business man made this inquiry at the Reichsbank, suggesting that surely such a large sum would make a useful popular Im pression if devoted to the country's needs. The inquirer was reprimanded by the officials of the Reichsbank, who said, 'That is his majesty's busi ness and concerns neither you nor anyone else. " Another uncomfortable question that Harden asks is, "What Prussian ministers of yesterday or today are responsible and therefore liable to prosecution for the fact that before the conclusion of the agreement as to his property rights there were handed out to the deserter. Field Marshal William von Hohenzollern, 53,000,000 marks in cash, perhaps even wholly or in part in gold, silverware of a probable selling value of 100.000,000 marks and large quantities of costly gems, carpets and so on? "And what persons, officials of the empire and merchants of the repub lic, are responsible for these illegal acts as agents, aiders or abettors, and therefore to be made financially lia-able?" PORTLAND ON AIR LINE Plane Service With Washington and Alaska Points Is Planned. SPOKANE, Wash., Dec. 24. Plans for air service between Spokane, Se attle, Portland and Juneau, Alaska, are under way and it is expected the service will be in operation between Spokane and Seattle next summer, according to information given out here today by O. A. Campbell of the Harvey-Campbell aircraft corpora tion. Mr. Campbell said the company plans- to have 13 planes in the service and declared the trip from Spokane to Seattle would be made in about five hours. From Seattle to Juneau, he said, about IS hours would be re quired. OREGON MAN HONORED (Continued From First Pace. ) extension of same over the territory of the entire . timbered northwest. The forest fire patrol has a friend in General Menoher and he will do everything possible with the funds he nas to do with. -rrom wasnington, on my way home, I went to southern Florida for a Drier visit with my parents, who are spending the wintre there, and returned by the southern route. Having gone east through Canada as far as Toronto, I had a good chance to observe conditions generally throughout the United States and Canada. From these observations I feel that conditions on the coast, and particularly the northwest, bas as they may appear in some ways and in some lines, are much superior to those existing in practicaly all other sections of our country." BY JAMES M. TUOHT. (Copyright by the New York World. Pub lished by Arrangement.) LONDON. Dec. 24. (Special Cable.) The publication of the admiralty rec ords on the battle of Jutland seems to have deepened rather than dissi pated the mystery surrounding that conflict, one gathers from the general impression lef by the press com ment. Indignation is expressed, especially at the inchoate, formless fashion in which the huge mass of documents haa been flung by the admiralty at the public without any attempt at col lation or explanation that would en able them to be interpreted even by experts without an immense amount of labor and difficulty. No (news paper as yet has attempted to master the full meaning of the revelations. A controversy is likely to rage, too, over the admiraljy's withholding from publication the record prepared by Captain Harper and his staff of ex pert officers after a whole year's la bor on these very documents. Bad Impression Created. Lord Wemyss, when first lord of the admiralty, stated that Captain Harper was preparing this record ex pressly for "the information of the Dublic. . But Secretary of the Ad miralty Craig told the house of com mons last week that ine captain record "was never intended for pub lication." Th suppression of this re port after so much difficulty an delay has been experienced in getting the Jutland documents published ere ates an undesirable Impression. The first comment on these docu merits denotes grave concern not only at the admitted Inefficiency of the British fleet in sitrnaline. sighting, SDeeA. armor and gun control, and most of all at the government's fail ure to take action on Admiral Jem coe's inability to avail himself of the opportunity to crush the German high seas fleet. One fact of significance-, that emerges from the Jutland papers is that the battle was fought out on plan prepared by Admiral Jellicoe in 1914, a plan based on his assumption of the method in which the German fleet would be maneuvered in action-. This plan was adopted by the admir alty and became, as the Times men tions, the battle orders of the British navy. Thus the responsibility for the turning away at Jutland, for which Admiral Jellicoe was so freely blamed, is fixed. In 1914 the admiral expressed his fear ot this very thing by saying: Admiralty Shares Odium. "If not explained it will bring odium on me," adding: "So long as I have confidence in the admiralty intend to pursue what is in my opin ion the proper course to follow to de feat and. annihilate the enemy's battle fleet without regard to uninstructed criticism." Now for the first time it is known that his plan was approved by the admiralty. Some of the diagrams of the battle published now convey a more vivid impression of the greatness of the op portunlty thrown away by the Brit ish commander. One diagram in par ticular shows thar the German com mander did not run away at once when he found himself face to face with a greatly superior force and there were several opportunities of closing in on him which Jellicoe missed. The naval intelligence is one de partment of the admiralty which conies out of the ordeal with high credit, but its splendid work in advis ing Admiral Jellicoe 24 hours before that the German fleet was coming out was wasted owing to his slow move ments. Britain Face Problem. There is now before the British ad miralty the tremendous problem of deciding on the character of ships to be built to insure the future security of the British empire, and disclosures of such volume as this one are calcu lated to increase the anxiety as to how that problem will be solved. The battle of Jutland is the subject ot a long review by Archibald Hurd, the naval expert, in the columns of the Daily Telegraph. He says: , "While the war was still in prog ress an American officer who was as soclated with Admiral Sims was talk ing to me about the battle of Jutland and the controversy which was then raging. At that time be made a re mark that has since stuck in my memory: Don t worry about what Admiral Jellicoe did: examine the in telligence which he received from his battle cruisers, light cruisers and de stroyers as to the movements of the high seas fleet. The enemy escaped annihilation not because of the ad miral's deployment into line of battle or because he drew back a little in the face of the second torpedo attack but because the intelligence furnished him as to the. enemy's course was de fective, i " That is the real moral of the bat tle of Jutland." Mr. Hurd arrives at this conclusion: "The more the history of the battle of Jutland is examined the more con clusive is the evidence in favor of the big ship and the big gun. The de sign should certainly not be that of the capital ship, which is now favored in America and Japan, but the capital ship will survive." Youth Again to Wed. OREGON CITT, Or., Dec. 24. (Spe cial.) William Clement Martin, 19, obtained a marriage license here to day to wed Miss Helen Dagmar Gan gaa of Astoria, 19. The former had received his mother's consent to the marriage. The boy has been married once before, and after the six months elapsed is trying the matrimonial ven ture again. ., Obituary. EUGENE, Or., Dec 24. (Special.) Mrs. J. P. Callaway, a pioneer of Lane county, died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Earl McNutt, 871 High street, yesterday, at the age of 74 years. Mrs. Callaway came to this state in 1852 with her parents, cross" Ing the plains by ox team. She was the last of the Rush family, promi nent in the early history of this county. Besides her husband, Mrs. Callaway leaves children as follows: Bert C. Callaway of Rosetmrg, William H. and Owen Callaway of Eugene, Mrs. Archie Tlrrell and Mrs. Earl McNutt of Eugene. v EUGENE, Or., Dec. 24. (Special.) W. II. Baker, a veteran of the Mexi can border campaign and of the world war, died at a local hospital yesterday from inflammatory rheumatism, said to have been contracted while serving with the signal corps in France. While on duty in that country one of his legs was froxen and from that, time he was a sufferer from rheumatism. Baker served three years on the Mexican border and one year over- seas. He was a sergeant in the signal corps when furloughed to the army reserve, October 14, 1919. - He par ticipated in the fighting in the Vosges sector and In the Meuse-Argonne battle. He leaves his father, Charles Baker, and a brother. Earl T. Baker. EUGENE, Or., Dec. 24. (Special.) Richard Graham died at bis home here Wednesday at the age of 71. His widow and the following children survive. William Graham of Sag! naw, Mich.; Fern Graham and Mrs. A. B. Carstallen of Hlghwood, Mont.; Mrs. Samuel Johnson of Calvin, N. D.; Ernest Graham of Rock Lake, N. D.; Louis Graham, residing near Eugene. ABERDEEN, Wash.. Dec 24. (Spe cial.) Requiem mass was said yes terday In St. Mary's Catholic church in memory, of Warren J. Egerer, for the past 10 years member of the city council and prominent lumberman here, who died in Olympia Monday. Rev. Father O'Reilley was assisted by Fathers Demetrius, Medigan and Ryan. The bell of the city hall was tolled throughout the service. Pall bearers selected from Mr. Egerer"s business associates and close friends were: Mayor Roy C. Sargent and Councilman Bailey,, representing the city; J. W. Young and Robert Hastert, representing the Knights of Co lumbus; Maurice Hickey and F. J. Mc- Cready, representing the Elks. Mr. Egerers mother, Mrs. Agnes Egerer; his son, Joseph W. Egerer; his fiancee. Miss Florence Donovan, and Miss Mary Donovan accompanied tne Body on the afternoon train, en route to Saginaw, Mich., where inter ment will be given. SALEM, Or.. Dec" 24. (Special.) John F. Blair, 72, a veteran of the civil war and a pioneer resident of this vicinity, and James McNeils, aged 61, died here early today. Funerals fort both men will be held here to morrow. THE DALLES. Or., Dec. 24. (Spe cial.) Anton Wintermeier, 83 years old, the oldest member of the Ma sonic lodge in The Dalles, died this morning at Ms home. Death was due to old age. Mr. Wintermeier was one of the pioneer settlers of The Dalles, coming to this city in 1859 from San Francisco, where he had landed after crossing the Isthmus of Panama in the California, eold rush. He was one of only two living members of the original Jackson engine company, which was organized for fire protec tion in The Dalles in 1863. He also served upon the city council and upon the city school board at one time. He ia survived by three children John of Burns, Or.; Mrs. Mamie Chad dock of Canyon City and Charles A., an attorney at Eugene. Funeral services will be held Sunday after noon under the auspices of the Ma sons. ALBANY, Or'., Dec 24. (Special.) Mrs. Sarah Harold, resident of Oregon during almost all of the 63 years of her life, died today at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Curtis C. Cole, six miles east of Albany. Her home was near StaytonI , Mrs. Harold was born In California, but came to Oregon with her parents when a small- child. She Is survived by a widower, G. F. Harold, and eight children Clifford Harold and Clyde Harold of Albany, Mrs. Curtis C. Cole, residing near this city, and Raleigh Harold, Lloyd Harold, Mrs. Llovd Chrisman, Miss Ina Harold and Miss Delia Harold, all residing in or near Stayton. YULE ME TO mm WD HEROES National Head of Legion Greets War Veterans. PUBLIC NEGLECT SCORED Men Still In Hospital Will Receive Christmas Bounty and Are Told to Continue Brave Fight. SPANISH WORKERS SHOT One Killed and Three Wounded in . Barcelona Shooting Fray. BARCELONA, Dec. 23. A group of syndicalists fired at four workmen in a street here tonight, killing one and wounding three. The assailants escaped. WASHINGTON, Dec. 24. Members of the American Legion today will carry the Christmas spirit to 20,000 sick and disabled veterans of the world war in 1400 hospitals in many parts of the country. Entertainments and presents will be given by each legion post near a hospital in which veterans are housed. The following Christmas message haa been cent to the disabled heroes by F. W. Gal- bralth Jr., national commander of the legion: To Our Disabled Comrades It is with emotions more deeply felt than it is pos sible for me to express that 1 greet you this Christmas day you men to whom this nation owes a debt It can never repay; you who are still in hospital because of wounds and infirmities suffered in your country s service. More than two years have passed since the echo of the last shot died away. I know some of you men feel that many of us seem to have forgotten there ever a war. These same two years have not passed so swiftly for you who remain In hospital. Twenty thousand of you still are there silver tubes In your sides, lungs burned out by gas, perhaps one leg here. one in the Argonne. The war is still very near and very real to you who are the living and virtually forgotten examples of the terrible price that was paid for the victory. We enjoy the fruits of that vic tory. You. who did most to gain it, only pa? the price, it seems. War Heroes Are Neglected. Shortly after I was elected national com roander of the American Legion I was shocked at the reports that came to me concerning conditions which surround -our comrades in hospital. I do not refer now to the conditions In the hospitals them selves or the nature of the professional care and treatment which as patients you re ceive. There have been reports of grave shortcomings in these particulars but as a whole the situation has improved. Tne legion. I am proud to say. has had a good deal to do with that Improvement and will continue to have. What I speak of here Is charge which I make against myself as well as against the rest of the general public here on the outside. The charge Is tnat or neglect. True, tne nation has given liberally to see that you are properly housed, dieted and cared for professionally. Millions have been .voted at a mere nod for these purposes and then we have virtuously turned away and said, "Well, that Job's done these boys can't have too much," New Deal for Survivors. But the Job hasn't been done. You men know. Where are the visitors who once thronged the hospitals bearing flowers. gifts and entertainment 7 Where are the folk with their automobiles who used to vie with each other for the honor of tak- Ir.g their wounded heroes out for a spin? where are the thousand and one little human attentions" from the world outside that mean so much more than medicine and with which the public showered our disabled In war days? Those are the ques tions you might ask, but don't because you are men fighting men, fighting now the hardest battle of all. And what is our answer? The men and women who are honored to We want to embody into these two words all the sincere gratitude they can con tain. i We say them to all our friends, old and new, this bright Christmas morning, for having made it possible for this Store to enjoy a wonderful Holiday business. It has proved to us conclusively that this Store has become in greater measure than ever before, a Portland institution upon which people rely and that newcomers in the City of Roses have in large numbers, joined their kindly verdict with those of older residents who have known this store for a long time. We say "Thank You!" too, to the great force of our fellow-workers who have given us through this busy season their cheerful, untiring effort and co-operation, to set a new mark for the efficiency of the Store's service, and have succeeded. To all our friends, we give the good old wish, v 3 Jflerrp Christmas aoudthu Li-it n woue, lad mo. a MerclianL'se'Qjh 6 J zxe extenb to . . e exteno to our friente anb patrons; our fcet totsje$ for a iflerrp Cjjrfetmag anb a Sappp Jteto gear ! i i ii anb a $appj . . ' 1 The Season 's Greeting and- our very best , wishes for a joyous Christmas MEN'S WEAR Fifth and Morrison have been your comrades-in-arms are de claring a new deal. Our local posts In the vicinity of every hospital have their pro grammes under way. You will hear from them. If you don't write our national headquarters. We are all going to get to gether again. Life is going to be made more livable while you are In hospital and when you get out, there will await you at the hands of a grateful people, opportuni ties whereby you may train for and take up suitable and congenial occupations in which to start life anew, with an evea chabce. America needs you. Store Stocks bold Out. OREGON CITY. Dec. 24 (Special.) Probably one of the most successful and remunerative Christmas seasons far the Oregon City stores took place this season when the shops on Main street practically exhausted their stores of holiday goods. According t one merchant of this city, the trade this year has not been equalled for the pant ten. The merchants ordered lightly for the occasion and were caught without enough goods for the buying public. rtione your want ads to The Ore- sronlan Main 77ii. Automatic tn-5. Season 's Greetings THE DIRECTORS OF THE PORTLAND VEGETABLE OIL MILLS COMPANY extend to the subscribers of the stock of this company, to our fellow citizens and to the readers of this paper, best wishes for a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year. We are pleased to announce the success of our efforts to finance this important enterprise and to present at this holiday season The Portland Vegetable Oil Mill Company to Portland's industrial community. We contemplate making an interesting announce ment shortly after the first of the year. C. A. Painton, B. C. Bail, S. L. Eddy, C. A. Edwards, M. S. Hirsch, H. H. Ward, F. W. Watson, DIRECTORS OF THE PORTLAND VEGETABLE OIL MILLS CO. By H. H. Ward, Director in Charge of Financing. New Year's Oregonian ANNUAL NUMBER, JANUARY 1,1921 You will want to send copies to your friends in the east. Order now for delivery on January 1st. Single copy 10c; postage, 6c in United States and possessions; foreign 12c Fill out wank form and send to Oregonian Office, Sixth and Alder. NAME STREET TOWN STATE i THE OREGONIAN, Portland, Oregon. Gentlemen: Enclosed find. for which mail The Oregonian's New Year's Annual to each of the above addresses. (Inclose 16c for each address in United States or Possessions, 22c for each foreign address.) i! 7 . I i 1 .- t -I t- t V .' I , '.. f I