13 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1920 ESTABUSHED BY HENRY L. PITTOCK. Published by The Oresonian Publishing Co., 135 Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon. Manager. The Oregonian is a member of the Amo " ciated Pre. The Associated Press Is ex- nlllvivfltr ntitlH tr. Ih I14H for THlbllCaUOn of all nan dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and a Is ths local new published herein. All rignu. of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Subscription Kate Invariably in Advance. (B Mall.) Pally. Sunday included, one year. .... $8.00 Dally, Sunday Included, six months... .f tally, Sunday Included, three months. J.fa Tmlli v: .. n H u lnitHH nnfi month... .' Daily, without Sunday, one year... iJally. without Sunday, six months. ral!y. without Sunday, one month. Veekly, one year Sunday, one year. (By Carrier.) BOO 3.25 .60 1.00 6.00 . ..$9.00 Iaily. Sunday inclu.ied. three months. 2.25 Ially, Sunday Included, one month... . Daily, without Sunday, one year...... Ialy. without Sunday, three months. l.o Dally, without Sunday, one month.... 6o How to Kemlt Rend postoffico money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps. ccin or currency are at owner's risk. Hive postofflce address in full, including county and state. Postage Bate 1 to 16 pages. 1 cent: 18 to 22 pages. 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages. 8 cents: B0 to 64 pages. 4 cents; 66 to 80 pages, 5 cents; 2 to 86 pages. 0 cents. foreign postage double rate. Eastern Ituslnesx Office Verree & Conk lln. Wrunswlck building. New York; Verree & Conklln, Stegel- building. Chicago; Verree Conklin. Free Press building, Detroit. Mich. San Francisco representative, R. J. indwell. PRESIDENT WlXSO"8 LAST MESSAGE. President "Wilson's last message to congTess Is chiefly remarkable for the omission of any allusion to the subject on which he called for a populsfr referendum the league of nations, lie conveys no hint of an intent to send the treaty of Ver sailles back to the senate, and he seems to regard controversy on that subject as closed, so far as he is con cerned. He leaves that to the de cision of the administration which is to succeed his, with the prospect that his work at Paris will in the main be undone. Mr. Wilson still clings to one illu sion. He assumes that the German people sincerely established a demo cratic government and surrendered because they found themselves at war with the conscience of the world. The entire course of events In Germany since the armistic was made, and Germany's attitude? toward other nations, sustain the opinion that the militarists submit ted to the revolution from motives of temporary expediency, have suc cessfully influenced the government to violate or evade its treaty obli gations, have been regaining power, and await a favorable opportunity to try conclusions with the com munists and earnest supporters of democracy. This temper of the still powerful reactionary element in Germany and the condition ol'Rus sia are the main causes of the con fusion and disorder which still pre vail in Europe. Though there are widely diver gent opinions as to how it should be fulfilled, all will agree with Mr. Wilson that the mission of the United States is to serve as "the sample democracy of the world." By standing for the equal rights of labor and property and by uphold ing the rights of nations against op pression and aggression, we can set an example both to those who react toward, monarchy and a privileged aristocracy and those who would establish the tyranny of a class ruled by an oligarchy. Mr. Wilson's ideal is that of the American people and they look for better success in its realization by Mr. Harding than was ucnievea Dy itir. vviison. The president's comments on the need of economy in the government and on the need of a budget system and of tax reform suggest that he lias taken to heart the lesson of the election. He preaches most force fully the principles which his party proved incapable of putting in prac tice. His remarks on the budget indicate that he also Is lacking in that respect. He offers to approve the budget bill with the amendment giving the president power to re move the controller of the budget, though that amendment would be apt to make the whole system inef fective. If the official of a corpora tion whose accounts a man was em ployed to audit had power to "fire" the auditor, the latter would be very cautious about reporting any dis crepancy in the accounts, but that is what ilr. Wilson virtually pro poses in his extreme regard for ex ecutive power. In his recommendations of pro tection for essential industries and of legislation in aid of farmers he has gone a long way toward ac ceptance of the protective principle ilJU ITL U LiU 1 llilUl ULUI, pal U) UL LlltS republican platform. If his party should follow his lead when the new congress takes up those subjects, the new administration will have a, very harmonious time. Every American will echo the sympathy which Mr. Wilson ex presses for the Armenians, but his suggestion of a loan to them Is strangeiy impractical. Armenia has set up a soviet government at the dictation of the bolshevists, and is absolutely under the hee of the bol shevists and the Turks. No com mission of Americans would be able to insure that relief supplies would actually reach the Armenians or that they would not be taken away by the forces that have them by the throat. The only means that can cave Armenia is an army strong enough to drive out both bolshevists and Turks, and that is precisely what neither this nor any other nation is willing to send. Desertion of Ar menia is the blackest blot on the record of the nations which Ar menia helped at critical stages of the war, and impractical proposals like that of Mr. Wilson only empha size the fact. Independence should not be, and Js not likely to be, granted to the Philippines until thorough inquiry has been made into the kind of gov ernment that htis been given under home rule. There has been strange lack of information on the subject eince Governor Harrison got rid of practically all high American offi cials, but there is reason to suspect that the government is in the hands of a mestizo oligarchy, which has little regard for the rights of the several Filipino tribes or for the simple principles of democracy which they volubly tell us they have embraced. Here we have a president, holding over after the crushing defeat of his party, and recommending legis lation to a hold-over congress, while the people wait with more or less patience for their successors to step into their places. It directs atten tion most forcibly to an absurdity in the constitution. If the inclina tion to follow those recommenda tions existed, lack of time would prevent. Common knowledge that I such Is the fact leads the people to look In Mr. Wilson's final message I chiefly for a final example of his ability to express beautiful ideas in felicitious language. OJTE OF BRYAN'S GREAT REFORMS Among the, needed reforms which W. J. Bryan displays in the Com moner is this: A national bulletin should fee- established under bipartisan control, with eddtorial space Vquitably divided between parties represented in congress. Presumably the bulletin would contain official announcements of appointments, orders and regula tions, serving the same purpose as the official gazettes published by other governments.- But that phrase "editorial space," opens unlimited possibilities. Each party, would want to p.ublish platforms, procla mations, fulmlnations, manifestoes, telling all its virtues and all the vices of the other party. Besides the two great parties, each of the little parties which have one or two mem bers of congress would want their equitable share of space, and it is not likely that they would be con tent with a percentage equal to the ratio of their numbers to the whole number of members. The rule is that the fewer members a party has, the more it has to say. As the gov ernment would pay, the big parties would be inclined to liberality. It has been objected to Mr. Bryan's scheme that we already have a national bulletin in the Congres sional Record'but that has grbwn so big that nobody reads it who can es cape the ordeal. It has become the hopper into which congressmen dump anything which strikes their fancy, such as newspaper and magazine ar ticles, letter and memorials from constituents. One member caused the whole of Henry George's "Prog ress and Poverty" to be reprinted as part of the Record. How would Mr. Bryan's bulletin be protected from assuming such unwieldy bulk as to be cast aside with a shudder? Then the knotty question- of an editor would arise. The name of Mr. Bryan himself naturally occurs, but he has many activities and will be busy during the next four years piec ing together the broken fragments of the democratic party on the Bryan plan. He will hardly have any time to spare for editorial work beyond that which he devotes to his beloved Commoner. But George Creel is always available. His achievements with the committee on public information suggest that he would give spice, not to say pep, to an otherwise dull and unattractive publication. Did he not thrill the nation with a graphic story of battle with submarines which unimagina tive, matter-of-fact persons say never was fought? The gravest question is: Would the supply of paper hold out? We have almost exhausted the pulpwood in the United States, we are chewing great swaths out of the forests of Canada and have begun to eat into those of Alaska. If the national -I bulletin should grow to the propor tions of the Congressional Record, the newspapers might have to pull straws for the little white paper that would remain. FORTY ACRES FOR A FARM. The problem of domestic recon struction as related to farming, dis cussed by Secretary Payne of the de partment of the interior in his annual report, is in part a problem of satis tying the gregarious instinct of the race. "The difficulty," says Secre tary Payne, "is that people do not like to live alone, but prefer to live in towns and villages and to enjoy society and the conveniences and comforts of modern life which are beyond the reach of the scattered population living on large farms." Mr. Payne suggests the smaller farm as the remedy. . He believes that "small farms bringing the peo ple nearer together and intensive cultivation of these farms may be the answer." No question depends for its answer on the highly complicated factor of individual initiative and personality to a greater extent than the most de sirable size of a so-called farm unit. Mr. Payne's statement that if the unit were forty acres better results would be obtained than if the unit were eighty or 160 acres must be re garded as tentative. There is a con siderable weight of expert opinion on the side of a forty-acre minimum for general farming purposes, but this is not quite the same thing. There are plenty of examples of spe cialized farms of considerably less than forty acres whose owners have prospered, but they are not devoted to the chief staples on which the country depends for its food, and they usually are managed by men of uncommon acumen. All things con sidered, it requires a higher degree of skill to make good on a tiny farm than on a fair-sized one. The for mer permits tne smallest possible margin for human fallibility and for seasonal misfortunes. On the latter there is always a chance that indus try will win some of its desserts if not in one department, then in an other. Enormously the greater part of the arable land of the country is given to production of the grains, potatoes and forage, the last being transmuted into dairy products and meat before finding its way to the consumer. Producers of wheat, corn, alfalfa and the like have less than no interest in statistics of enor mous but exceptional profits from small fields of brussels sprouts, sweet corn out of season.) winter cauliflower or alligator pears. Just what we have the right to expect, under average conditions in a series of years, "from the forty-acre grain farm is as difficult to determine as the' cost of a bushel of wheat. It is customary, we believe, to begin by setting apart ten acres of every model farm for house 'and home grounds, the family orchard and the vegetable garden. Thus reduced to thirty acres for main crop purposes, it is to be feared that it has lost at tractiveness to a good many expe rienced farmers of wide experience, who know that a thirty-bushel -yield of wheat, even when it is attained, is apt to offer no great profit per bushel and unlikely to furnish eco nomical employment for men and work animals, of which a certain number are required on the smallest farm unit. The stock answer of the theorists who urge that all agricul ture shall be intensive is that profit-' able should be substituted for un profitable crops, but the demand of the nation as a whole is for some bil lions of bushels of grain and millions of tons of other principal staples by comparison with which the agricul tural specialities are as incidental as pepper and salt. The purpose of advocates of small farm units is to obtain increased op portunities for social development and recreation. Undoubtedly the forty-acre tract would make possible community life somewhat resembling that of the older countries, and if it In other respects met individual needs it would have a good deal to conunead it. There are, however, a good many things necessary to mod ern enjoyment that it takes money to buy. The family automobile, gaso line for its maintenance, occasional tickets to the theater In the city, education of the children, books, magazines and other symbols of higher aspirations, all presuppose that the farm has produced not only the food that is eaten but a rather considerable amount of ac tual cash. It used to be the fashion to preach that the farmer was the most independent man in the world because he could, if he chose, grow practically all hi3 food. Yet food is not the only item in the family bud gets and it has not been pursuit of food that has threatened to depopu late the farming regions. Those who like to make figures and who know something of the practical side of farming will be able to calculate for themselves the prospect of satisfying agricultural aspirations on the basis of the forty-acre unit for a farm. PROMISE OF CHEAPER FKRTH.IZKRS. Discovery of a process that prom ises to revolutionize recovery of phosphoric acid from phosphate rock, a recent triumph of chemical engineering, is likely to have an im portant bearing on crop production. although farmers will err who count unduly on the prospect of cheap.fer tillzer as a substitute for good tillage or enlightened systems of rotation. There is reason for supposing, never theless, that the history of western civilization would have been differ ent if commercial fertilizers had been developed earlier and that their use will continue to increase largely. The economic phase of the recent discovery which gives its large im portance is the enormous saving in freight charges made possible by re covering practically all, instead of less than half, of the valuable con tent of the rock treated. Difference between a 50 per cent and a 16-per cent product means release of an enormous quantity of freight ton nage which can be otherwise em ployed, and a saving of freight charges that ought, to be reflected In the cost of growing crops at points distant from the source of supply. The 'department of agriculture finds the actual cost of the new pro cess under working conditions to be difficult to estimate because produc-. tion heretofore has been- only on a laboratory scale, but it predicts that substantial reductions will be made. As to how soon and how greatly the change will be observed in the cost of living, experts are unwilling to venture opinion; but it is clear that if the rosy promise of the chemists are made good there will be either a better profit for producers or a lower price to consumers in the course of time. Constantly increasing quanti ties of fertilizers are made neces sary by increased burdens levied by increasing population on existing land. SLANDERS ON THE JEWS. The slanders on the Jews that are contained in the "Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion" and that are denounced as false in the ad dress of the American Jewish com mittee are the latest manifestation of that racial prejudice which has flamed up anew since the war ended. It is a peculiar example of the re actions to which human passions ace subject that this outbreak should have followed closely on a war in which differences of race and creed were forgotten and in which men of diverse origin and. religious faith fought shoulder to shoulder in the supreme cause of liberty to . which all alike were devoted. - Evidence that the "protocols" are an invention of enemies of that cause, of tools of the czarlst auto cracy, is found in the documents themselves. They abound . in the slanders with which the black hun dreds used to incite Russian mobs to an ti-Jewish pogroms, and. in senti ments hostile to democracy which characterize reactionaries and de fenders of autocracy in every land. The presentation of the Jews as the moving spirits of bolshevism is viciously cruel, for the head and brains of the soviet is Lenin, of pure Russian blood and a member of the old artistocracy; Trotzky, though a Jew by race, has renounced both the Jewish faith and all sympathy with those of his race; and Jews are no more numerous in places of power among the bolshevists than might have been expected from their num bers in Russia, Much has been said of the pollution of Christian churches in Russia by red terrorists and of the fact that some . bands were led by Jews, with the result that the peas ants massacred hundreds of inno cent people of that race. Slight mention has been made of the fact that synagogues and their rabbis were similarly treated, or of the fact that the backbone of the red army Is made up, not of Jews but of Chi nese, Bashkirs, German and Magyar prisoners and of criminal Russians, who in times of disorder seize eag erly at opportunities of murder, rapine and look The truth about the Jews' part in the war la that in general they up held the cause of the country where they had found a home, even though they were oppressed. Hundreds of thousands fought in the army of their worst enemy, the czar, and they fought so well that many won decorations. Tens of thousands served as volunteers in the American army and navy, and it was a Jew who carried the message that brought relief to the lost battalion. Jews worked side by side with Chris tians in relief of the sick and woun ded soldiers and of the homeless, famishing civilians. One striking in cident was the spectacle of a Jewish rabbi and a Catholic priest working together on a French battlefield and at night sharing the same bed. The Jewish welfare workers joined other organizations in caring for the wants of American soldiers in France, and no questions were asked then about race or religion: the only question was whether a man was fighting for the right and needed help. It was left for the intriguers of the after war period, in which the minds of many have descended from the ex alted sentiments which that struggle inspired to the most Ignoble passions and prejudices, to fan the flames of race hatred. -' Coupling of the Masonic order with the Jews in the imaginary worldwide conspiracy for world su premacy plainly indicates the reac tionary source of fabrication. Such a charge could not gain credence in any enlightened country of Europe or America. It could only serve the purpose of the secret policy of dark est Russia under the czars, where the chief aim was to keep Jew and Christian at enmity that they might not unite to gain their freedom. It is true that the Masons played a great -part in destroying the infa mous rule of the Bourbons in France and of the Hapsburgs and Bourbons in Italy, but they have long been the strongest upholders of ordered de mocracy in both America and Eu rope, and to connect them with bol shevism of any revolutionary move ment in a free country is so absurd as to be laughable. A TRUNK POWER LIJfE. Decision of Portland engineers, with the backing ofthe Chamber of Commerce,-to sjudy a plan for link ing together all hydro-electric power plants on the Pacific coast is par ticularly timely when the coast is on the eve of great water-power de velopment. The great advantage of water power is that it Is cheap, inex haustible power, but that advantage cannot be fully realized . unless the most complete economy is effected. The great drawback to water power is the wide fluctuation be tween maximum and minimum sup ply and consumption a each- par ticular source and point of distribu tion. Oho plant may at one season of the year have a great surplus over the-demand of its immediate field, at another season it may have barely enough to supply that field. At one time of the twenty-four hours its total output may be consumed, at another time only half may be con sumed. "Viewing the Pacific coast field as a whole, it is obvious that a sure, stable supply, risk of stoppage of which is reduced to the lowest possible minimum, will enccAirage larger consumption. Consumption of the entire output of one' plant in stead of ' half the output of two plants at periods of low consumption will conduce to economy. Yet avail ability of both plants will insure against failure of the supply through accident at one. Linking of all power plants to a trunk line may be compared with linking of railroads in trunk systems. Were each power plant to remain independent, serving only its own field, it would resemble the early railroads which merely joined two towns fifty or a hundred miles apart. Full benefit of steam transportation was not obtained till these local roads were combined in great sys tems connecting two great centers of population, there connecting with other systems radiating in all direc tions. The fullest use of water power requires that the, same plan be fol lowed in lt9 development. Thousands of men and women grew up here with Ralph Duniway, whose death yesterday was sudden and unexpected, and all will feel a measure of grief. He was the baby of the pioneer family and his efforts at self-building into virile manhood were watched with appreciation. He added to the luster of the iame that stands for much in the making of this state. - - When John Jones is arrested for beating his wife or other diversion in conflict with th,e " laws, all the friends of the other John 'Joneses make them the butt of inane jokes. This may explain why one big con cern here finds it: necessary to ex plain it has no connection with an other of similar name. The language of a man passed up by a "full" car will be unprintable even in Watts Watt, the official pub lication ' conducted by Mr. Bill Strandborg, editor thereof; but, like boils, splinters in' the 'fingers and other winter necessities, lie will get used to the deal. Of th 17,000 nominations sent to the senate by President Wilson, 15, 000 are in the army. The rest are political. The appointments may be confirmed and may not. The demo crat who thinks he has a "cinch" on the job wiU' not sleep well for a while. Miss Elsie Hughes, whose slap in the face disconcerted a young high wayman, should follow with lessons in handling her "mitts, that she might administer the kayo to the next. Death is laying heavy toll on men in middle life. This is the more no ticeable for their activities in civic affairs. The loss to citiy and state is great, but the Reaper is inexorable. The day's news chronicles connec tion of women -with many murders and lesser crimes. This is not due to recently.' obtained equality with the male sex; it just happens so. The burglars .who got less than a hundred dollars in the Battleground bank are commended to baby banks, of which there will be a fine line started after Christmas. If Judge' Rossman .were in a jok ing mood he would send moonshin ers to jail for over the holidays. That would mean, turkey dinners Christ mas, perhaps. ' Twenty-two North Dakota banks closed in six weeke! It will be hard for even a North Dakota farmer to remain non-partisan under those cir cumstances. Pfesident-elect Harding called at the White House and left his card for President Wilson, press dis patches say. Wonder if it was the joker. . Since brevity 'means merit, Mr. Wilson Is entitled to the medal for short messages. It's a wise man who knows when he has said enough. Secretary Meredith Is modest In asking a million for co-operative for estry work. One big fire can do more damage than that amount. Even if Constantino does come back to rule over the Greeks, he is hardly ilkely to bring the kaiser along with him as a house guest. A couple so modern as to be mar ried at a gasoline-filling station should be started off right with a present of five gallons of gas. - The Roseburg city council desires to join Klamath Falls in abolishing the public service commission. It's a big contract. The horseshoe pitchers have not met yet to discuss legislation that will affect their calling, misnamed sport. The decline in prices, seems to have hit everything but what a per son really wants to buy. Somebody fumbled on the very first play ia the league of nations, BY-PRODUCTS OF THE TIMES t Females) of All Species Omce Stronger Than Afales, Says Anthropologist. That the females of all species were originally far superior to the males, both in strength and in men tal ability, and that they lost their powers by choosing only the strong est and most intelligent males as their mates, was the theory advanced by Dr. Duren J. H. Ward, head of the Denver mental clearing-house, in an address delivered at a meeting of the Denver academy of anthropology. "Two million years ago," said Dr. War?, "the female was In every way superior o the male. They lost their superiority: by always choosing the males Who possessed the greatest strength and mental power.. In that way the weaker males were elimi nated, and the natural tendency was toward (greater . strength. "The plumage of the peacock and the great strength, of many male quadrupeds of today are to be found solely because, through a long pro cess of evolution, , these were the qualifications most desired by the fe males. - "Women of today," Dr. Ward said, "are as they are and dress as they do because that is the way men pre for them to be. Men today choose their mates." He suggested a selection based on the mutual choice as a way to gain greater health and intelligence for the human race. In the cattle country of the west there are certain outlaw horses that will not permit a saddle on their tacks; thsy will die rather than sub mit to the rules made -for horses. The worst bucking horse ever known was called Rocking Chair. He brok) a leg last summer in dislodging a rider, and was shot. In his time he had injured a d-osen men.. Likewise there are certain outlaw writers who refuse to accept th- rules of civilization. There are out law publications devoted to thes-s men; others get by the postmaster general with difficulty. To read them is as unusual as a bucking contest at a Wild West show. Some of the out law writers have been shot; a good many have been in jail. One of them threw his rider and ran away to Rus sln, where he was well received for a time, bat finally he will buck so hard as to break a leg, as did Rocking Chair, and . share his fate. E. W. Howe in Saturday Evening Post. - The world was getting along pretty well up to 1914. Every respectable thing -was meeting with some en couragement, when suddenly a fool kicked over the. torch of civilisation, and now the world Is on fire- It is. an awful wreck, and. everybody is 'in it. Th -first excuse for the bloody business was ihe shooting of n Austrian, prince. The shot was fired by a man who ' had been wrought up to -it by years of im moderate preaching, and it was in quarreling over this incident that th devil got loose. Bad as the rulers are, it was a foolish agitator who dropped the match into the powder barrel. E. W. Howe, in Saturday Evening Post. The cup that cheers was replaced by the snuff that exhilirates when the Scots' Charitable society of Bos ton revived an old custom at its an nual banquet recently to take the place of anti-prohibition toasts. Scotch snuff from a silver mounted ram's horn was passed about tha tables. " First to take a pinch was Governor Calvin Coolldge, republican vice-president-elect, who was the chief guest From him the horn went down the banquet board. Sneezes followed. Soon afterward Professor Charlton Black of Boston university related an' anecdote directed to despondent victims of the 18th amendment. It was the warning of an old Scotchman to his son against too liberal use of snuff, with the statement that 'Tve been drunker on sneezum than I ever was on whusky." Every day in New Tor.k city 4,500. 000 local telephone calls are made, in addition to a large number of Incom ing and outgoing long-distance calls. The bulk of the calls is in the bor ough of Manhattan. How to handle the Increasing number of calls has become a great problem. Another great problem is how to handle the Increasing traffic on the streets. Dur ing the first nine months of the past year 517 persons have been killed by automobiles on the streets. ' Those killed include 262 children under the age of 13. v - 7 Three-quarters of a century ago, when Mrs. Brown whispered to Mrs. Jones that she had heard somebody say that the village batik was short of money, everybody In town knew within an hour or two that the bank was about to fail and the result was that all the good townspeople were at the bank door clamoring for their money. Ensued "the run on the bank" true and tried old property of the Victorian melodramatist. Today the newspaper and the tele graph have made the whole country into a little village almost the whole world. Indeed. Everybody at 'his breakfast table reads what everybody else thinks. Mrs. Brown's whisper Is megaphoned and wirelessed all over the commercial world.. The grocer reads in the morning paper that Mr. Stonehead Conspieler of the department of theoretical asl ninity at Washington says a sugar famine is imminent.. One hundred thousand other grocers read the same thing, and they all try to buy sugar at once. Also, the public all try to lay In sugar to last a year. Result, 25 cents a pound. -Next result, sugar comes here from Patagonia, New Zea land, New Hebrides, Iceland, the Cas pian sea, the Saragossa sea, and other places, if any, where they don't be lieve all they read in the papers. And when the .100,000 have bought what they want, and the public has bought all it wants, they all find there is plenty of sugar, so they all try to sell at once. Result: 10 cents for sugar. Next result, "everybody uses more; restaurants wake up and remember there Is such a thing as sugar, and serve it; all the women start to canning fruit because sugar is cheap; everybody begins - to eat candy; even Europe plucks up cour age enough to buy a little sugar. Meantime, grocers won't buy much they have had sugar experience enough for a while. And I suppose by and by we shall wake up to the fact that we are out of sngar again, and shall fall over each other to ibull the price. This is just what has been happen ing, in a less extreme way, to almost every commodity, material and arti cle in the country. The Magazine of WaU Street, , : Those Who Come and Go. "Copper is hard hit," said J.- C. Cos- tello of San Francisco, who is regis tered at the Hotel Portland. "The companies kept producing copper, fig uring they would be able to sell freely of the culput to Germany and Aus tria, which have been good markets In the past The companies borrowed heavily on the copper .producea and now it Is a question whether the cop per on hand will pay out. on account of the way the market has dropped. There Is not the demand for copper that existed: prior to the war nor dur ing the war, and neither Germany nor Austria has bought a pound because they cannot finance themselves ow ing to the rate of' exchange. The market quotations show that copper stock has been slumping steadily of late." Mr. Costello is in the powder business and, as the copper mines are large consumers of explosives, there Is a more or less close relationship between the two. "I went to East lake to fish, hut forgot the fish in studying the won derful effects of nature thereabouts," says L. M. Foss, vice-president of the First National bank of Bend, who is at the Imperial. "All around the lake are evidences of mighty convul sions of nature. East lake is In an ex tinct crater -just the same as the more famous and picturesque Crater lake in southern Oregon. I am told that the crater in which East lake nestles is the most recently extinct of Oregon volcanoes. It requires no student of geology to see what has happened In that neighborhood. 'Well, after looking at the scenery for two days. I started fishing and discovered that the so-called eastern trout In East lake are larger than can be found elsewhere. They grow remark ably long., the lake being, apparently, an, ideal feeding ground for them." "Four essentials to build up tour ist trade are transportation, hign ways, hotel accommodations and pub licity," declares S..F. Dutton, Denver hotel man. who is in' Portland to meet the Oregon Greeters. Mr. Dutton is a strong advocate of "See America First." -In 1915 only 31,000 people visited Rocky Mountain national park, but- in 1919 there were 450,000 vis itors. The tourist business brought between 40,000,000 and $50,000,000 into the state of Colorado this year, according to Mr. Dutton, and he says that, with the scenery of Oregon, this state should begin to capitalize its attractions and attractvthe money spending tourists. He says that tho Pacific highway should be linked with the park-to-park trunk high ways. "Don't buy any steel, keep away from the steel market," warned Thomas M. Gardiner of San Francisco as he checked out of the Hotel Port land yesterday evening. "The mar ket is rotten and won't improve until next March or April and then only for about 90 days. There was a con ference of steel heads In the east re cently and Judge Gary was there and told the rest what was coming off and .where to head in. The judge certainly knows the steel game. Prices have dropped. I bought steel which has dropped far below the price I paid. What am I going to do with it? Hold it until someone pays me at least what I paid." . He- stands for a high quality of cheese and butter in Oregon, does V. D. Chappell, of the Oregon Agricul tural college. The butter and cheese makers think so well of Mr. Chappell that he is the secretary and treasurer of the association In Oregon. The as sociation is to hold a two-day meet ing, beginning tomorrow, and Mr. Chappell has arrived on the ground in advance to look after things and particularly the dairymen's frolic, to be pulled off tomorrow night. Down in the basement of the hotel Mr. Chappell has stored enough cheese to make rarebits for a year. These are exhibits which have been sent in for the .meeting. When Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Meyer left Cascade Locks to come to the Imperial the most talked of subject at home was the prospeclve bridge across the Columbia river. The plan Is, to erect an interstate structure at approximately the place Where the fabled "Bridge of the Gods" spanned the stream.. It is proposed that the bridge be a toll affair and It is be lieved it will be largely patronized by motorists on the Columbia high way. It will also give a more direct communication with Portland for people along the Washington shore of the Columbia. Lumber yards In the middle west, now overloaded, will begin to dis pose of their stocks after the first of the year and then i orders will come to the mills on the Pacific coast, pre dicts Dave H. Cale, at the Multnomah. In the meanwhile there is little or no buying or selling and everyone Is holding. on waiting for something to jar the "market loose. "In private life I am the wife of 'Strangled Lewis," announced Dr. Ada Scott Morton, lecturer, writer and ed ucator of San Jose, Cal., as she reg istered at the Multnomah. The wife of the wrestler announced' that her husband i3 now preparing for a match somewhere In the east. One of the good- roads boosters- of Montana ls.W. H. George, who is reg istered at the Multnomah from Great Falls. When there is a good road con nection between Montana and Ore gon, Mr. George predicts that the mo torists will chug over to Portland on the slightest provocation. The "overhead" of the Alsea Lum ber company of Eugene, was well represented at the Imperial. E. B. Kingrham, president: Jess Darling, di rector; Henry Fischer, general man ager, and W. J. O'Neil, chief , engi neer, were all atthe hotel. Captain J.- W. Siemans, banker of Klamath Falls and interested in the search for oil in that section, ar rived at the Imperial. 'Others from Klamath Falls, who arrived on the same train are Mr. and Mrsl G- G. Stagg and C. I. Richard. Frederick T. Bowles of Chicago, an active figure in the lumber industry, is at the Hotel Portland. Mr. Boles has been Interested in the litigation which occurred over the Smith Lum ber company at Coos Bay. J. I. Blackwood, a stockman of Buhl, Ida., is registered at the Per kins hotel. "Buhl has recently been" sprucing up and spending money for improvements, the bonds for the im provement being on the Portland market.' ,- Leaders of Seattle baseball are at the Multnomah. W. H. Klepper, pres ident of the Seattle club, and W. J. Kenworthy, manager, are here to con sult about the 1921 season. ' Mrs. W. F. Sharp, wife of the col onel, and Mrs. J. K. Partello, wife of the major, of Oregon Agricultural college, are at the Hotel Portland. F. H. Haradon of Astoria, where he is in the salmon packing business, is registered at the Benson with Mrs. Haradon. - . Letters for Eve, -Several letters addressed to "Eve," care of The Oregonian, have been re ceived and have not been forwarded for lack of adequate address. If "Eve" cares for correspondence she may obtain the letters by applying to the managing editor, room 810, Ore gonian building.. SPECIAL MAX FOR FOODSTUFFS ' Immunity From Competition Would ; Loner Livloff Costa. PORTLAND, Dec. 7. (To the Edi tor.) Apropos of the farmer and gen eral financial situation throughout the nation as regards the farmer, it seems He has about concluded to make a stand, or a, least to demand, that he be put on a business basis along with all other businesses. And from the business point of view there is not one good reason why he should not be made the recipient of a certain per cent of the nation's weaJth for his use. In fact, to do that finance him would do more toward stabil izing the markets ror" foodstuffs than anything else wnich may be planned for his benefit and all may benefit therefrom. Just now we face a peculiar situa tion. In the markets the time for delivery of December grains has past and to date no doubt, in spite of the sharp rise in wheat prices of the last few days, deliveries are below nor mal. The reason for this abnormal or subnormal condition is obvious. The farmer has decided to attempt to make a stand and fight to a finish for his rights. Now from distribution's point of view it is only right and good busi ness policy to support all sources of production. To do so will insure steady markets and make production a thing of value and not a wild, wild gamble as it now is. Of course competition is the life of trade, but it seems to me that there should be some things, some sources of production. particularly those which deal with foodstuffs, which should be made immune from the ravages of competition. Foodstuffs are the staff of life and anything vof a financial distributory nature which will, in some measure. Insure their production ami marketing and give their producCTs an equal chance with all the other distributors of foodstuffs, will do more toward lowering living costs than anything else that may be done. To prove my case or point, let me quote the primary principle and in tent of the reserve act. It was con ceived and made practical by its au thor and made operative to overcome periodical contractions of credit, which contractions are more common ly known as panics. In truth the re serve act did more toward distribut ing the nation's wealth in quarters which would, if not supported, cause great damage in .the event of their collapse for want of capital. Now it seems to me that to insure the farmer a market for his produce and insure him credit in the event of loss in any amount equal to his loss of any season, which amount w,ould act as a reserve and insure continuous production of foodstuffs, would be directly in line with the re serve act policy. You'll see the error in the present position taken by the farmer where from he de mands financial aid to en able him to hold and hoard his crops until a favorable market obtains. This demand is contrary to the laws of finance and nature, therefore to be ignored. But a method which .will insure circulation of money and pro duction seems to be the thing we GAalr Trtuv v-i ' . t t . t r. 865 Boudoir Street. WIIY STATE PRODUCES AUTHORS Correspondent Snggents It Ia because of Beauties of Outdoors. PORTLAND. Dec. 7. (To the Edi tor.) I dropped into the authors' in formal reception at the Gill book store the other day, being in a small way one of them, just to see how my unseen friends of kindred- minds would appear to me. What variety, tall and short, stout and spare, young and old, sedate an jovial, all courte ous, well dressed, jewelry, some bear ing the stamp of conscious success, all hopeful with purpose to do better. In all this was a. company 'of intelli gent, alert, studious, keen-eyed, law- ahirlirtp- Orpirnn jtivan 1 i. ; . a - - vin,cno, lUUftlllg LOT hidden beauties and riches of our fair It was there remarked that Oregon has more authors and . authoresses than any other country, relatively speakinsr. in all the eronr mT,a glojie. This being true, and who will uiatiuie il, mere must De a cause for it. Some think it is to be found in our beautiful mountains, rivers, flora. ioiiage, great forests, mists, ocean beaches, Columbia highway and every varying -beauty of our landscape scenery. xnere is a charm also in that this is the last and best of our great territory to be subdued and set tled. Be it as It may, the author and authoress are here to remain and their company will never be less in this land of unsurpassed inspiration. In the future our beautiful Willam ette, already immortalized by the poem of Sam Simpson, will be one of the many classic spots of our grand state. In long ages to come the in habitants will excavate for hidden relics in our filled-in canyons and river beds. AVe hunt for -the old rock inscriptions, bows, flint heads, flint locks, stone bowls and put them in the care of the historical society for safe keeping. Who knows but some or all our coast cities may be swal lowed up or covered up a. were some of our cities of ancient times in the old world. In this very interesting group cf writers we found the college pro fessor, doctor, preacher, scientist, re porter, teacher, business man and those in other walks of life? Who can say why all the world should not sing and be happy? Let us hope that out of the musings of these worthies may come forth songs that will never die. D. A. WATTSRS. BORROWED, LIKE OTHER THINGS Rationalism Aot Indigenous to Ger many, Says Correspondent. PORTLAND, Dec. 7. (To the Edi-J tor.) A writer to The Oregonian dj rects our attention to the German rationalism that has produced the higher criticism is harmful to a reverent appreciation of the Bible. Rationality was brought to Germany from England. The desires of such men as Hume, carried to German thinkers, has been a leaven to work In the schools and literature of the fatherland. Indeed, Germany has al ways been gathering from abroad, whether in the teachings of Kant of Jewish antecedents or in flying ma chines and submarines. Paris, rather than Berlin, has created ideals In art. As to the matter of the Bo-called higher criticism, why not call it the lower criticism, which has done no more than remove the deed bark of the scripture? Therhigher criticism and the high est are concerned with the preserva tion of the heart of the true. If the lower - criticism has destroyed, who will decline to admit that destruction leads on to construction? B. J. HOADLET. When Foch Took Command. . WASHOUGAL, Wash., Dec. 6. (To the Editor.) 1. Where and in what country was General Foch born? 2. What ia his nationality? 3. For what period of time before Armistice day was he in full command of all the al lied forces? READER. 1. At Metz in the province of Lor raine in 1851. 2. French. 3. The allied high command was placed In Foch's hands March 27, 1918. More Truth Than Poetry. By Jamea J. Sloatasne. SHREWD STATECRAFT. (In Bulgaria punishment is visited on their wives when husbands blunder in statesmanship or war.) m When Bulgar legislators Did things that they should noL They used to call 'em traitors And have 'em promptly shot. But yet, as oft the case is, The opposition groups. Sent in to take their places. rrovea even bigger stupes. When Bulgar arms retreated In stricken disarray. The generals defeated Were hung at break of day. But this served not to soften The brutal blows of war. The flag was struck as often As it had been before. But now when Bulgars blunder They do not take their lives. But with a sword they sunder The jug'lars of their wives. And every Bulgar beldame Now gladly undertakes To see that husbands seldom Make any fool mistakes. It fills her soul with terror. Lest haply he'll be led To Make some trifling error And she will lose her head. She's fearful of disaster And tries in consequence To give her lord and master A little common sense. Tne Way to -et It Quick:. If Jesse James were alive today ha would probably be the business agent for a builders' union. The Mail's Delay. Send your Christmas presents early. Remember that Mr. Burleson will Do on the job till March 4. Bat a House Is Not Always a Home. Evidently the voters of Oklahoma think that woman's place is in the house. . , (CoMrlght, 1920. by the Bell Syndi cate. Inc.) John Burroughs' Nature Notes. Can Von Answer These Questions? 1. How do different birds seize and carry their prey? 2. WiU coons try and wash their food even it no water is available? 3. What does a bee never learn from experience? Answers in tomorrow's nature notes. Answers to Previous Questions. 1. Are birds that flock brighter hued than solitary birds? As soon as any of the ground birds show a development of the flocking instinct, their hues become more no ticeable, as is the case with the junco. the snow bunting, the shore lark, and the lark bunting of the west. The robin is the most social of our thrushes, and is the brightest-colored. 2. Are cows and sheep good engi neers? The cow has always been a famous engineer in laying out paths; sheep are, too. They take the line of least resistance, they ford the streams at the best places; they cross the moun tains in the deep notches; they scale the hills by the easiest grade. 3. Will a starfish amputate one of its own arms? In order td get free of a piece of rubber tubing placed over one of its arms, the starfish has. after exhaust ing other expedients, been known to amputate the arm. This only shows the promptings of a very old and uni versal instinct, the instinct of eelf preservation. (Rirfhta reserved) by Houshton Mifflin Co.)' In Other Days. Twenty-five Years Ago. From The Oregonian of December 8. 199.-5. Walla Walla The fortieth anniver sary of the four days' fight between, the whites and Indians in the Walla Walla valley, which commenced De cember 7, 1855, was commemorated yesterday at Frenchtown, ten miles west of this city. The price of wheat at Colfax has materially advanced during the past week, having steadily risen from 33 to 36 cents. Berlin President Cleveland's strictures on Germany') treatment of American food exports and insur ance companies, in his message to congress, has created a sensation here. R. - O. Smith of Grants Pass nd Representative Jeffrey of Medford, will meet in political debate at the cour house in Jacksonville on tha subject "The Populist Platform on, the Financial Question." Fifty Years Ago. From The Oregonian of December 8. 1870. Havana A French war vessel ia cruising off the Cuban coast for the purpose of intercepting German steamers from New Orleans. The extensive boot and shoe manu factory of Messrs. Protzman, Courson & Gillihan, will open tomorrow. Telegraphic communication be tween Mexico and the United States is soon to be established. Then we may expect to have a revolution every morning with our rolls and coffee. Tes-terday we had the first really winter weather of the season. High wind, accompanied in the morning for two or three hours with rain and sleet. Washington Bonua Law. CARSON, Wash.. Dec. 6. (To the Editor.) Do the soldiers of Washing ton who were in the spruce division receive the bonus, or is it to be given only to those -who received 930 a month? SUBSCRIBER. The soldiers' bonus bill passed by referendum vote of the electors of the state of Washington at the gen eral election. November 2, 1920, pro vides that persons who have received greater compensation than the regu lar pay of the army, navy or marine corps and commutation for quarters to receive compensation under the bonus act unless the amount of extra compensation so received was less than they would be entitled to under the act. In which event they, shall receive the difference between the compensation allowable under the act and such extra compensation. r Pain of Loneliness. ASTORIA, Or., Dec. . (To the Editor.) The lady who . wrote the piece The Oregonian Saturday called "Woman's Plea to Santa Claus" is right. I know just how she feels by experience. Sometimes I get so lonely I'll go to the movies or walk around town, but it does no good- I dare not mention it to friends for fear they would call me daffy on women, or something else. Only those who have had the experience know what it Is to have their home broken up by death. So I live in silence, hoping some day I will meet one of these lonely women and things will be brighter. ADAM. - - - - - r 1 ' . -;- 1