8 TILE MORNING' OREGONIAN, MONDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1920 ESTABLISHED BT UEXRT L. PITTOCK. Published by The OresontaD Publishing Co., 135 Sixtn titreet. Portland, Oregon. C A. MOHDEX, E. B. PIPER. Manager. Editor. Ths Oreg-onian la a member of the Asso ciated Press. The Associated Press Is ex clusively entitled to tlie use lor publication r all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local newu published herein. All nshts ef republication of special dispatches here in are also reserved. Subscription Rotes Invariably In Advance. (By Mall.) rallr. Sunday Included, one year . . -- 22 xaily, Sunday Included, six months . Lally, Sunday included, three months Laily. Sunday Included, one month . . Lally, without fcunday, one year - . -. IJaily, without Sunday, six months tal;y, without Sunday, one month ... "Weekly, one year Sunday, one year 4.25 2.25 . 13 e.oo 3.25 .60 1.00 5.00 (By Carrier.) Pally, Fnnday Included, one year . . . . -t SS Iajly. Sunday included, three mon-m Ially. Sunday Included, one month .. LaKy, without Sunday, one year . . . .. Laily. without Sunday, three months. . Xa)ly, without Sunday, one month ... 2.25 .75 7.89 1.S5 .65 How to Remit Send postofflce money rder, express or personal check on your local bank. StampF, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Olve postoffice address in full, including; county and state. Pontage Rates 1 to 16 pages. 1 cent: 38 to 'i'l pages. 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages. 3 cents; 50 to 64 pages, 4 cents: 66 to 80 pages. 5 cents: 82 to 96 pages. 6 cents. Foreign postage double rates. Eastern Business Offire Verree Conk 11 n. Brunswick building. New York: Verree at Conklln, Steger building. Chicago; Ver ree Conklin. Free Press building. De troit, Mich. San Francisco representative. B. J. Bldwell. AN APPEAL TO COMMON SENSB. The) purpose of the symposium of opinion on the anti - medication measure published In the Sunday Oregonian was plain enough. It was to set against the persistent efforts of a few Individuals to create preju dice in Oregon against established disease preventives, the results of the researches of men who are de voting their lives to human welfare and also the results of the researches cf another class of scientists em ployed by institutions to which the good health of the community Is a cold, practical matter of dollars and cents. The United States health bureau I was created by law and Is main tained by the people. It Is a bureau under the secretary of state at "Washington D. C. The head of the bureau has the title of surgeon-general. The surgeon-general protests, on the behalf of the public health of the entire United States against adoption by Oregon of the anti-medication measure. The Rockefeller Institute for Med ical Research is a privately endowed Institute the namtftl which indicates Its purpose. It Is not a profit mak ing establishment. It represents solely the efforts of a very wealthy man to put a portion of his fortune to public good. The name of its ui rector is a household word. Dr. 5imon Flexner informs the Oregon public that the menace of this legis lation would be particularly great in a state with ocean ports at a period in the world's history in which de structive epidemic diseases threaten from every side. It is to such men as Surgeon-Gen eral Cumming, Dr. Flexner and. others that the safety of this coun try is entrusted against invasion of typhus, cholera and other disease from those countries of Europe, which so war toron that sanitation and prevention have fallen down and disease is epidemic. If they do not know what they are talking about then private endowment and public money are wasted and there should be put In charge somebody from Oregon whose ideas on medi cation are based not on scientific re eeach but on suspicion and prejudice. There was included Sunday the testimony of Dr. Victor Heiser who speaks from experience as director of health for the Philippine islands during the period In which smallpox was stamped out and who is now at the head of the International Health Hoard, another endowed and non profit taking institution. There was an emphatic warning from Dr. Milton Joseph Rosenau, probably the foremost bacteriologist In the United States. He is medical advisor of the Red Cross and served in similar capacity in the navy dur ing the war. He was one of those to whom the physical well-being of countless American sons was en trusted and it was he wlth'others who brought the navy and the army through the war with a minimum of infectious and contagious disease by application of the exact preventive measures that it is proposed Ore Con shall now discountenance. The insurance companies of the United States are in the business of making money out of the good health of the people. They have or ganized statistical bureaus which keep a record of medical experience in the control of epidemics and the prevention of disease. The commit tee of public health of the associa tion of life insurance medical direc tors inform the people of Oregon that the statistics of life insurance companies are abundant and exten sive and that all of them support the contention of the best medical scien tific opinion of the world. The com mittee asserts that In every instance in which vaccination has been aban doned outbreaks have occurred, usually promptly. The insurance medical directors speak from a selfish standpoint, if you are pleased to call it that- The pood health of the people means greater profits for the companies. If vaccination and inoculation pro mote disease, as the Oregon objec tors to those forms of preventive measures assert, the life insurance companies would have found it out j Ions:, long apro. On another occasion, an anti-vac-. cination measure was defeated in Oregon by a narrow vote. There is on this occasion no excuse for ignor ance or prejudice on the subject. The common Sense of the voters of Oregon oupht to speak emphatically. AHOIT YAP AND MANDATES. r!scussion about the island of Yap, which Is a sort of halfway house for trans - Pacific cables. brings into prominence article 22 of the leajue covenant, regarding man dates. Japan claims Yap tinder the mandate covering all the Pacific islands north of the equator, but President vN ilson 6aid he made a special reservation regarding final disposition of that island, and the state department now claims unre stricted use of the cables, which Japan claims with the island. This little dot on the ocean may play a great part in the future of the Pacific. By holding it and control ling Its cables Japan would have considerable power over our com munications with the Philippines and China, which might work to our detriment in commerce and certainly would do so in case of war, improb able as that may be. Article 22 pro vides that mandates be held as a sacred trust for the Inhabitants, but fit divides them into three classes. Certain communities formerly be longing to the Turkish empire can be provisionally recognized as Inde pendent nations subject to the ren dering' of administrative advice and assistance by a mandatory until they are able to stand alone." As regards "other peoples, especially those of central Africa, the mandatory must be responsible for the -administration of the territory" under certain con ditions. . .. . "which will secure equal opportunities for the trade and commerce of other members of the league." The third class is "terri tories such as Southwest Africa and certain of the South Pacific Islands which ... can best be adminls tered under the laws of the manda tory as integral portions of its terri tory subject to the safeguards above 1 mentioned in the interests of the in digenous population." Yap seems to fall in the third class. The provision as to "equal oppor tunities for trade and commerce ap plies only to the second class, there fore would not cover unrestricted right to use the cables landing; at Yap. but that right might be se-' cured under the following provision The degree of authority, control or ad ministration to be exercised by the man datory shall, lr not previously agreed upon by the members of the league, be ex plicitly defined in each case by the council. The clause, however, Is,, not con strued In practice as It reads. In stead of being agreed on by the members of the league or defined by the council the terms of a man date are drawn up by the mandatory power Itself and presented to the league for acceptance. That Is the method adopted by Great Britain as mandatory for Mesopotamia, stated by Premier Lloyd George. By the same rule Japan might make rules for use of the Yap cables and. if any other nation protested, it would have to fight the matter out before the league. That might cause some friction and occupy much time during which the mandatory would follow Its pleasure. Unless a mandate Is to be a mere blind for annexation. Its terms should be laid down by the league .itself, not by the mandatory, and equal op portunities for all nations should be secured in all territory under man date, not in the second class only. The manner In which . Britain is di viding Mesopotamian oil land and Is excluding American oil men goes to show the need of protection for the rights of nations. ALWAYS PUTTING ON THE BRAKES. The Columbia River highway was built to the Multnomah county line over the panicky protests of a moss back element that regarded the In vestment as waste, extravagance, an "orgy" of speculation devised by idealists and real estate promoters. What have they to say about It now? The Interstate bridge, across the Columbia, was constructed over the objections of the same mossback ele ment, which said that the old ferry was good enough, and the $1,250, 000 in bonds from Multnomah coun ty was a foolish project of spend thrift idealism, a needless burden on the groaning taxpayers. What have they to say about it now? The Broadway bridge, costing $2, 000,000. was fought by the hold backs on the ground that there were enough bridges and its estimated cost was four to five times too muctwl What have they to say now? I Less than four years ago, far-see- 1 ing enterprise devised the 36,000,000 bonding road plan, and put It throug-h the legislature over the panicky opposition of the mossbacks. I It marked the end of talk about good roads for the state, and the be ginning of work work which as sures the state of a worth-while sys- tern of highways. What have the objectors to say about it now? Now, after years of discussion I about ways and means to make of I foriiana a great port, a comprenen- slve proposal is made for port con- solidation, for channel betterment, and for inner harbor improvement. Gloomy objectors see nothing but bankruptcy in it. Everybody who was against the Columbia River highway, against the interstate bridge, against the Broadway bridge. against road bonds, is of course against the $10,000,000 port project. though, doubtless, they do not in clude all the opposition. But with out the chronic objectors, the greater port plan would have easy sailing. Progress is never promoted by the do-nothings,, the try-something-elses. and the wait-awhiles. A MINORITY ATTEMPTS TO DICTATE, The strike of British miners Is far more than a gigantic industrial con flict; it is part of a concerted effort on the part of labor leaders to force socialism on the country. Behind all the talk about wages, the price of coal and the cost of living is the demand for nationalization of mines. That Is the aim of the spokesmen for the miners. It marks a revolu tion in the policy of the British labor party. The early labor mom hers of parliament were staunch ad herents of individualism, and their chief demands were that the law should recognize the equal right of workingmen to combine for collec tive bargaining with employers. They now take advantage of gov eminent control over mines, which survives from the war, to endeavor to force the government to buy the mines and give the miners an equal voice in running them. That was the demand made in the spring of 1919, and it is still held in the back 'found, not abandoned. The labor party has only about fifty out of 670 members in the house of commons, but this minority tries to impose its policy on the majority. In a less degree the concessions made by the British government have had the same effect as the communist system in Russia. By re moving the incentive of self-interest it has led to reduced production. In July, 1919, wages were raised 30 per cent and hours were reduced to seven a day with an implied under standing that the miners would compensate, at least In part, for the lost hour by greater industry. Of late they have not done so. Produc tion in the first quarter of 1920 was at the rate of 24S.000.000 tons a year but it has since fallen to a rate of 'S' snn nnn tnn -oa.ouu.uuu tons. -ne miners insist that they should have higher wages to correspond with the increase in cost of living. The government re plies that they have not produced as much coal for the last wage increase as before. It proposes a minimum output, which it calls a datum, and offers to raise wages in proportion to increased output above this da turn, even to a higher point than the J miners ask. The miners insist that they are entitled to the demanded increase regardless of' output, and offer, after this is given, to negotiate further for larger output, evidently I aiming at a further increase. Against this succession of demands the gov ernment is firm. The miners have, allied themselves with the railroad men and transport workers in the hope of forcing the government to surrender, but they are far from united, and their allies may hesitate to arouse the govern ment to a finish fight by going on a sympathetic strike. A considerable minority of the whole number of miners voted against the strike, in some districts there, was a bare ma jority in its favor, and well authen ticated cases of intimidation indicate that many who voted for the strike are opposed at heart. The govern ment has quietly prepared to keep the people supplied with food, to keep traffic .moving- and to husband reserves of coal. As it used motor transport to fight the railroad strike a year ago. it may do likewise on a larger scale. The great body of the people resents this attempt at dic tatorship and may rally to the gov ernment - as it did most effectively against the railroad strike, for it realizes that not miners' wages but majority rule is at stake. DODGING. '' Dr. Lovejoy's statement that she Is not committed to the Plumb plan for the railroads does not compare well with the courageous denuncia tion of that plan by Representative McArthur and with his support of the Cummins-Esch railroad bill. Dr. Lovejoy's statement is evidently framed to cultivate doubt in the minds of those who are inclined to support ber for congress bnt who oppose the Plumb plan whether she would support It If It came In con gress. The fact remains that she has ac cepted the support of advocates of the Plumb plan, that she Is In the hands of people who try to promote It and that no reasonable doubt ex ists that she would be led by her ob ligations to these people to vote for it in congress. Dr. Lovejoy runs on the prohibi tion as well as the democratic ticket, although there is no need of prohibi tionists In congress since the prin ciple for which they stand has been embodied In the constitution and In the Volstead law. The prohibition party never advanced the cause of prohibition one Inch. It was not en acted till it was taken out of the hands of that party and made a non partisan question. It would gain nothing by the election of Dr. Love joy In place of Mr. McArthur, for the present congressman has promised to oppose any weakening of the Vol stead act., mo atxacic on Mr. McArthur on the score of his prohibition record is particularly discreditable, for those who make it Justify their course by the fact that he stood by a promise to vote according to the wishes of his constituents as lndi cated by their vote on the state amendment. Having kept that prom ise, he can be trusted to keep the one which he has now made. SEX AND INTELLIGENCE. That psychologists should deem It necessary to conduct elaborate series of tests to support the thesis .that Intelligence does not rest on sex, but is a matter of the individual, indi cates that certain of the hoary no tions of a bygone age preserve their vitality by repetition. But even those who are willing to concede, from their own observation, that the men tal capacity of men and women Is equal will be Interested in the con- elusion of Dr. Daniel Starch, asso- elate professor of osvcholosrv In the University of Wisconsin, that equal- Ity does not imply identity in every particular. We do not need to be told, as Dr. Starch reminds us, "that most of the (great geniuses of the world have 1 been men." But this may be due to the fact that men have had the lion's share of the opportunities to develop genius. The so-called weaker sex I ought to derive comfort from the I statistics which show that whatever I may be said as to the numerical pre 1 ponderance of male genius, "at the other end of the scale, among crimi nals and Idiots, the men far outnum ber the women." Nor Is it fair to measure genius only with the man- made yardstick: it is a quality far too subtle to be gauged that way. or, as Dr. Starch observes: It rather seems to me that even in. this matter oi genius we do not aake a lal comparison. we Judge women by their attainments in what have been for cen turies the specific activities of men: art. science, medicine, law. statesmanship, ora tory, war. business. . . . iut why make the comparison there, since women's fields have been the home amd society? Wouldn't it be more reasonable to Judgs them by the capacities they have shown in those fields? If we did, I think we would find more geniuses among women than we have sup- posed, it seems to me that there is as extraordinary a range of capacity among mothers, simply aa mothers, as there is among doctors, or lawyers, or business men in their occupations. Other traditions suffer by scienti fic analysis. The "vanity" of women. for Illustration, may be but emphasis upon that which in the past has been woman's chief source of power her personal appearance. His ap pearance having ceased to matter much as a factor of success, man has stopped thinking a great deal about it. He is not called vain because he thinks and schemes to increase his ability in directions that count, but this again is because men have set the standard of appraisement. Both sexes are trying to develop the sources of their power. And it Is In teresting to recall that it is only a century or two since men dressed with quite as much display as women in colored silks and velvets. THE MAIN ISSCK. The real issue of the campaign is. the utter failure of the democratic party to deal successfully with the great problems of war and peace, and the enormous expenditure im posed on the people with very little to show for it in material of war or In service for peace. The facts can not be successfully denied, but in the face of them the party which has this unprecedented record of failure pretends that on the subject of the league Its leader is infallible and that this covenant must not be changed except to clarify it. We marvel that a man endowed with such unerring wisdom makes even that concession. The duty of the president is to i inmate policy irom nis Knowledge I and study of conditions both in this I country and in the world at large, and to execute them as congress gives them expression in legislation, Mr. Wilson had an unexampled op portunity not only to initiate but to execute his own policy, for he was supported by a majority In both sen ate and house from March, 1913, to March, 1919. That period covered the whole period during which he should have prepared for war, made war, made peace and prepared for and begun reconstruction. He musf I be judged, and his party with him. I by the extent of this opportunity and by the manner In which he used It He refused to prepare for wat throughout the period from August, 9 la, to March, 1917. After congress declared war, he inexcusably delayed preparation and In consequence the army had not been supplied from this country with the most, necessary implements of war artillery shell, airplanes, tanks. gas and more than half the expedi tionary force had been transported In foreign ships, when hostilities ceased. He neglected to ask congress for authority to reorganize the govern ment for. war purposes till the war had continued for almost a year. When criticism drove him to ask it. he, was given authority more unlim ited than had been given, to any former president. He used it to cre ate nineteen new boards, commis sions and agencies outside the regu lar departments . which employed more persons and cost more money than all the regular departments of the army and navy. This organiza tion scattered authority, overlapped functions, caused confusion and de lay and was' wasteful in the extreme, where centralization under one head, clear definition . of power, prompt action and economy where billions were involved were essential. The same power which was grant ed -for war could have been used to ,re-organlze the government for peace reconstruction, for the Over man act granting it extends it six months after proclamation of peace and peace has not yet been pro claimed. Tha cumbrous organization created for war lias not been fully abolished, but It prepared no plans for reconstruction or demobilization. The administration was as unready for peace as It had been for war, The Initiative to dissolve the war boards, which should have been taken by the president, had to be taken by the republican congress. the meeting of which the president delayed for two and a half months after its term becran. Continuation of war expenditure long after the war ended was the re sult.' For the fiscal year 1920, which began nearly eight months after the armistice, department estimates for war activities were $4,400,000,000 For the fiscal year 1920 which opened almost twenty months after the war ended, the estimates were $3,217,000,- 000, for war activities, but congress appropriated only $1,854,000,000 for thi3 purpose. In spending, the gov ernment continued to fight lone after the last shot had been fired. The president failed to make peace. though in the round robin the ma jority party in the senate pointed out how peace could quickly be made. If the president had con sented to divorce the league from the treaty, peace would have been established .at least a year ago and a world conference could then have formed a league of nations. By in sisting that it should be done his wayi the president has brought it about that we are still formally at war and are isolated from the league. Parties, like men, must be Judged by the results that they produce. The democratic party has failed in all the duties imposed on it by the war, and the people still pay the heavy cost of its failure. For that party to ask the people to trust it with the work of reconstruction which it should have done v and which it had the opportunity to do in the last two years is too great a tax on their confidence. Knowing that he has a poor case, Mr. Cox selects the league as the means of making a smoke barrage to bide the real issue, which is the utter failure of the democratic party to make either war or peace with efficiency. Expenses of forthcoming or pos sible "drives" should be reduced to the minimum- Men .without other support - than coupons cut from bonds ought to do the managing and women of assured income the cleri cal work. Make it "classy," if need be, and keep every dollar for the main purpose. There Is no war to insplre'contributlons. Judge Wilson of The Dalles circuit is shocked at the moral degeneracy manifest in the metropolis. So are others, not on the bench. Perhaps one reason Is too much paroling- of criminals. A really merciful judge needs to be stern and unrelenting and does not need be told of it. There are 231,336 registered re publicans in Oregon. Some of these are democrats who have the habit for voting at a primary; but the number Is small. Perhaps that grand total will go to the polls next week. If they do "it's all over," to use the worn-out 'phrase. That "the heathen Chinee is pe cullar Is proverbial, but when a jury finds one guilty of selling nar cotics be is no different from the American in that he takes the- full course of law as exemplified by his attorney. The Portland business excursion ists who returned yesterday found the region "east of the mountains" all they expected and more in men and material things. There are no files on Bunchgrass at this time of year. A millinery course is provided for the wives of the faculty and women connected with the college . at Cor vallis, and" that is downright mean on the local milliners, for obvious reasons, mainly financial. The new republic of Lienz in the Austrian Tyrol may not have been founded in vain. At least it will bring Joy to the hearts of the phi latelists. General White, compelled by "ne cessities of war" to sleep in a barn, found himself a classical hobo when the irate owner appeared armed with the time-honored hayfork. "Why should the spirit of mortal be proud?" "Why should a hen cross the trail?" Why should "Pat" Mc Arthur, congressman, worry? There are no answers. A Kentucky preacher is on a hun ger strike to compel his daughter to join the church. He should know better. Leading beats driving a woman. .Three secret indictnaents were re turned by the grand Jury, and has anybody left town that you know of? Recall the fine-toothed comb of your boyhood? They cost 10 cents now, but results are the same. Spokane is first to lead with dol lar eggs. The season begins early this year. - Indian summer at last. Those Who Come and Go. Arthur BulHn Johnson, owiler of ; the Lumber. Review of Chicago, who i - travels 10 months in the year i throughout in o uuiieu c in Lea auu Canada, thus living largely at hotels. on leaving the Multnomah hotel the other day said: " I think you folks on the Pacific coast do not appreci ate how little oano profiteering there Is done by the hotels of this section. compared with the Mississippi valley and the middle west generally. Ac commodations east are nearly double the rate of those here. I find. This comparison of charges is true for the entire coast. I am glad to be Hn a section' Vh ere I can find relief from i profiteering; that touches me person ally, I can assure you. Yesterday 'was such an attractive outdoor sort of day that most of the tourists who are making their way to California , at this time of the year and who were in Portland made their way to the parks and out on the hills and highways. Among the visitors at the Hotel Portland who were lav ish in their praise of the scenic beau ties of the vicinity were Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Emraeluth of Ossinlng. N. Y and Mr. and Mrs. J. D. Bradford of Oxford, O. These couples, who have many friends who will make the same trip later will recommend that they break their journeys in Portland so as to view the eountry. Canadian, operators In timber are Interested at this time in the situ ation on this side of the line, as it will govern their activities almost en tirely, states William Baker, presi dent of the Crows' Nest Pass Lumber company of Wardner, B. C-, who, with his manager, C M. Pennock. Is at the Hotel Portland. Offshore export trade Is flourishing In the north, these men say, and goodly orders are being booked from the British possessions in the Pacific ocean. F. D. Henshaw of Seattle, brother of the Inventor of a rota-y plow that they believe will revolutionize the farming industry. Is at the Benson hotel after a trip east In the interests of their business. He reports thct business conditions are excellent at Pittsburg- and that he had little diffi culty in getting a manufacturer there to take up the proposition of caring for their Interests. George M. Brown, the newly ap pointed associate justice of the state supreme court, was in Portland for the first time since his appointment yesterday as he and the other mem bers of the court passed through the city on their way to open the eastern Oregon session of the court at Pen dleton today. Presiding Justice Mc Bride did not accompany the party who stopped at the Imperial. Mr. and Mrs. H. F. Behrendsen and Miss Esther Kretman returned last week from an extensive trip abroad, and report conditions In Europe greatly Improved. The party visited England. Ireland. Wales, Holland Germany and France. Charles Hall president of the state chamber of commerce, who signs the Benson hotel register from Coos Bay will be a busy man for the next few days as he has a great mass of detail work to clear in connection with the state boosting work that his chamber is doing. Walter K Taylor, ex-mayor of Cor vallls, realty operator and prominent ly Identified with the state dairy as sociation. Is at the Multnomah. His mission in the city is fraught with secrecy and he refused to divulge trie nature of his business. It. H. Hosklns who sells fruit and produce at Astoria is at the Multrfo man hotel. Winter contracts for per. ishable vegetables are . interesting mm at this time and he states that the Indications are for a good holiday season. Ci. Gennell of Panjalo and F. St. Gebhie of Bombay, India, are on'an observation tour of the United States and are studying Oregon's business interests while they remain here at tne Hotel Portland. Peter Connacher of Taeolt. Wash. well known in timber circles, is at the Multnomah, where he will be for few days arranging for materials and contracts in his line. Charles M. Gunn, president of th Guna-Carle company, dealers in pig iron and steel and one of the best known business men of San Francisco, is at the Multnomah. C W. ATWard, a Seaside druggist and O. D. S. Wade, a merchant Eugene, are spending a few days In the city with their headquarters at the Oregon hotel. Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Grotke, after spending the summer at Gearhart and Astoria, have returned to Portland and are stopping at the Nortonia, Mr. Grotke is a well-known news paper man of Astoria. J. W. Condon, who operates th telephone exchange at The Dalles, and Mrs. Conden are registered at th Imperial. Mr. Condon is on one of his frequent business visits to the city, H. G. Wilson, formerly In charge of the Indian agency at Roseburg and who is yet in the Indian service in Montana, is at the Imperial. Mary Boeschen and Wilda Salmon of Salem are registered at the Benso hotel. A YEAR FROM MY WINDOW. Spring. The madrigal of meadowlark. The sheen of greening grass. The odors sweet from everywhere, Say spring's about to pass. .Summer. The dust hangs thick on leaf and bough. Both beast and bird are dumb. The sun hangs molten In the sky, Midsummer day has come. Autumn. The sun folds rosy pinions close. And sinks to rest full soon; While in the sky play baby stars, Nursed by the crescent moon. Winter. The last dead leaf floats slowly down To its home beneath the sod; The naked branches eeem to lift Imploring hands to God. MARIAN D. MERRY. Strange Rose-Growth Stated. London Tit-Bits. Flowers seem so highly specialized that one does not associate them with the vegetative or growing part ,of the plant. Yet there Is no doubt that blossoms have had a leafy origin even though this Is not always very obvious. A strancre case of a flower breaking away into a shoot is re corded. A rose bush growing in a garden in Natal, South Africa, was responsible for the curiosity. The bud. instead! of expanding1 Into a flower, sent up a stalk, at the end of which was borne a rose that was finely developed. Horse" Bread Liked. London Star. - Pumpernickel is the rye bread used by the Westphalian peasants, which in some other parts of Germany is regarded as a delicacy. The loaves are sometimes 60 pounds In weight. The name is said to have originated in the saying of a French cavalry soldier, who rejected the bread with disgust, saying it was only "Bon pour Nicholas" that is, lit or good for Nicholas, his horse. RECOMMENDATIONS ON MEASURES The Oregonian' Analyses State Bills . .. .t a , r, rMnin'i - ,vsi. of the, several measures on tnB ,tat) ballot and ita recommends- tions thereon. Compulsory "Voting and registration amendment. S00 yes; 301 no. Thlsmendment establishes nothing except the authority of the legisla ture to compel by subsequent enact ment all qualified persons to register and vote. Similar measures in other countrteshave failed of their purpose and even to approach effectiveness in tnis country wouia require wimmu ment of some form oTpoHce espion go antagonistic to American Ideas of liberty. . Vote 3S1 no. , Regulating legislative sessions and payment ' of legislators, oui yes; 303 no. Constitutional amendment length ening the legislative term from 40 to 60 days, and, increasing the pay of members from $120 to $300 and for bidding in most instances the Intro duction of new bills after the 40th ay. Adoption would'prornote a more rderlv consideration of laws. This prospective Improvement is worth the additional cost. . Vote SOS yea. Oleomargarine bill. 304 yes; 305 no. The bill Is an attempt to legislate oleomargarine, cocoanut butter and all other butter substitutes from the market by Imposing? a hisrh license upon sale and upon, use in public places. State and federal laws now amply protect the consumer from de ception. The bill is defective in that it prescribes no license lor retailers and Its effect would largely be to transfer manufacture of wholesome butter substitutes in this state to other states but still permit retail of imported products. Bad in both principle ana aeiaix. - Vote 305 no. Single tax amendment. 306 yes 307 no. Eliminates all taxes except taxes on land with the ultimate but unstated object of expropriation through high taxation of all lands and conversion of all farmers into tenants of the state. It is a measure heretofore re jected by the voters on numerous occasions. Similar measures adopted in Canadian provinces have proved an economic failure and are being abandoned as rapidly as .possible. It is a aream ox tneorists, some ox wnora have money, and has been worked to death in Oregon by propagandists in need of meal tickets. Whether Its proponents have been subsidized this yeasKhas not been disclosed. Vote 307 no. Amendment fixing term of certain county officers. 388 yes; 309 no. An amendment giving to five county officers the same tenure of office as other county officers and state and city officers in general. Corrects an unreasonable discrepancy and would promote better performance of county business. Vote 30S yes. " Port of Portland, dock commission consolidation. 310 yes; 311 no. Provides for the "consolidation of two commissions performing the same functions and authorizes the single commission to issue bonds for river channel and Inner harbor improve ment, and for acquirement, reclama tion and disposal of low lands in and abutting harbor. While approval bf the entire state is required it involves no statewide' taxes or issuance of state bonds. Is wholly local in its application to the Port of Portland. Does not specifically commit port commission to the much discussed Swan island project. In its progres sive -and investment character it is similar to the Interstate bridge, Co lumbia highway and general road pro gramme. Vote 310 yes. j Anti-compulsory vaccination meas ure. Amendment. 312 yes; 313 no. Title of this amendment is a mis nomer. It is an antl-medlcatlon measure and is plainly designed to permit freedom of movement in pub lic places of disease carriers. There is no Compulsory vaccination In Ore gon and none suggested. Amendment is denounced by scientists of national repute as a menace to publio health and as a distinct backward step. ' Vote 313 no. Amendment fixing legal rate of In terest, 311 yes; 315 no. Fixes the legal rate at 4 per cent and the contract rate at not , more than 5 per cent. Attempts by law to reduce Interest rates are as old as history and have never failed to pro mote a money stringency, and ac tually Increase the rate of interest by compelling borrowers to resort to un scrupulous lenders. No home owner with a mortgage on kis place would be able to renew it if this amendment passed, except by violating the law and paying a higher rate for the at tendant risk. Vote 31S no., ( Roosevelt bird refuge measure. 316 yes; 317 no. Cedes Malheur lake to the govern ment for a perpetual bird reserve. Out of the irreconcilable evidence at hand The Oregonian has reached the conclusion that part of Malheur lake area is valuable for agriculture and part is not; that adoption of this measure would mean surrender of certain valuable property held in trust for the public schools, in return for which countless aquatic and marsh birds, some of which are enemies of farm pests, would be better per petuated. It Is a transaction on which the voter should use his own judg ment No rrcommrndatioa. Divided legislative session amend ment. 318 yes; 319 no. The aim of this amendment Is the same as that of 302 yea-303 no, here inbefore discussed, but it seeks to at tain it in a diiierent way. It pro vides for a recess of nearly 60 days after the legislature has been tn ses sion 40 days and for reconvening of that body thereafter for ten days in which only final action would be per mttted on bills considered in the first period. Does not increase 'per diem of members but adds somewhat to cost of legislature by lengthening ses sion and increasing mileage traveled, Those in favor of this nreasure should also vote 302 yes, as widespread dis crimination between the two by those who favor an improvement In legisla tive procedure will mean the defeat of both. If both pass the one receiv ing the largest affirmative vote will prevail. Vote 318 yea. State market commission act. 320 yes; 321 no. This measure gives state encourage ment to co-operative and other methods of reducing the spread be tweerrwhat the producer receives and the consumer pays. It is in the in terests of both classes. Vote 320 yea. . At Forty Dollars a Throw? Glendale News. ' We just knew the women of this country were endowed with becoming modesty as well as gooa sense. Not single one has shied her miillinery into the presidential ring for the election four years nance. .. WHAT PORTLAND BALLOT OFFERS City Hesurarra Explained and Reeosa mendatlona Made Thereon. The Oregonian presents herewith the results of its study of the ordin ance and charter amendments to be voted on In Portland November 2, to gether with ita recommendations thereon: Zoning Ordinance. 600 Yes; E01 No. A measure heretofore adequately discussed by the press. It establishes districts wherein certain types of buildings and property users are per mitted or prohibited, the object being definitely to fix the character of these districts as regards erection of factor ies, business houses, flats, apart- 1 ments. residences or other structures. It is in line with the best ideas of civic improvement and betterment. Vote 500 yea. Amendment authorizing' additional municipal judge and establishment of night sessions. 02 yes; 503 no. An incident In city growth. The present municipal court is so over burdened with work that proptr con sideration cannot be given to cases and it is constantly running behind in its work. Vote SOS yea. Amendment authorizing five-year lighting contracts. 504 yes; 505 no. Contracts may be entered into for lighting streets and publio buildings now for only two years. A lower rate can be had on a five-year contract. An economy measure- Vote S04 Amendment ratifying reinstatement of certain civil service employes. 606 yes; 607 no- Involves the civil service standing of 84 city employes who at orre time left the service, but have been re-employed. A perfunctory measure in volving no new principle. Vote SOS yes. Amendment authorizing levy of three mills annually in addition to the maximum of 8 mills authorized by the present charter. 508 yes; 509 no. This Is a re-submlsston of a meas ure adopted one year ago. It merely authorizes a continuance of the pre sent tax rate, the Increase of a year ago having been made temporary in the hope that municipal living costs would come down. Therevtoaving been no reduction in the cost of materials or labor the extra three mills are as necessary as they ever were. Vote 50S yea. Charter amendment authorizing transfer of property under control of dock commission to port commission oiu yes; 511 no. This amendment permits transfer of property as provided in the port and dock commission consolidation mea sure on the state ballot. 'It will be without effect if the state measure fails but will be necessary if it car ries. Vote S10 yes. Amendment authorizing progress payments on street and sewer con struction work. 613 yes; 513 no. Street and sewer construction con tractors" must now await comple tion or tneir work before receiving payment from the city. Larire con tracts are therefore bid on only by concerns having strong financial backing, and competition is thus lim lted. this amendment authorizes in surance of warrants up to 80 per cent oi tne worK perrormed during tne progress of the work. The warrants draw 6 per cent which would be paid by tne Improvement district until re tired by sale of improvement district bonds. It is believed that despite this nterest charge for a short period the property owners would profit by ob taining a lower contract price on the work. As progress payments are optional with the council the plan can be abandoned if it does not make the predicted saving. It is a safe measure and Worth trying. vote oi- res. OLD - TIME .VIRTUES EXJOIXED Example Set by Mrs. Harding Should Become Widely Popular. PORTLAND. Oct. 23. (To the Ed itor.) Your editorial, "O'd-Fashioned Virtues," is to the point- But why should one be a subject for jeers'and bruises if he "advocated a renais sance to the old-iashioned virtues of simplicity and thrift which were once taught in the nomeT The creator of the universe com mands his people to live along these lines. I do' not know what the dis ciples did with the 12 baskets of scraps which Jesus told them to save. but I do know that if church people really loved the Lord It would be a pleasure for them to "gather up the fragments that nothing be lost." While there is no ecriptural authority for wearing uniforms or disfiguring oneself, Christ and his apostles clear ly taught simplicity and thrift. Wo men are told to "adorn themselves in modest apparel, and not in costly ar ray." Therefore, if the church wants to start a worth-while reform it can become more efficient in righteous- if it will obey these old-fash ioned virtues.- It is true that women have not added to their personal ap pearance by squandering millions ot money on costly raiment- However, foolishness along this line has reared an unworthy standard, for many peo ple appear to think that clothes make the person. We have been told that women can transform the world. Why consume time with such talk? Men can reform the world by obeying divine law. It is woman's business to help him do this work. Church people should recognize the fact that while they are gratifying their own vanity they are contributing to the delinquency of others. - Of course, we are our brother's keeper. However, one may deceive himseif when - giving-. great sums of money for foreign work and then fail to present his own body a living sac rifice. But God is not mocked, there fore one will reap as he sows. - When touring thi3 month with Sen ator Harding it is said that Mrs. Harding wore her summer hat, to the amazement of the women who re ceived her. "My goodness! She is still wearing her summer hat!" they exclalmed. "Well, that in Itself Is enough to show you that she'll make a good president's wife." returned one. To be sure, the women will fall in line if this good work becomes popular. We hope Mrs. Harding will star many needed reforms when she be comes mistress of the White House. A. B. M. CAMPAIGN (NURSERY) RHYMES. Sing a song of candidates Talking till they're hoarse. Using up their rightful breath A-taklng us by force. When November 'lection comes Two will be left out. Isn't that a eorry thing For them to think about? . A second Jack Horner Sat in his corner Not caring to go "on the stump." But his porch solved his plight And be epeaks there each night While the people just come on the Jump. There was a little man And he had a little can Full of good rich mud he had bor rowed. But he got In a fight And he came out a sight. For the way he did "sling mud" wae horrid. eGRACE ELIZABETH HAINES. More Truth Than Poetry. By James J. Montague. TO A LITTLE BOY AND GIRL. And so you think the robin's child Ha not a thing- to do But chirp and flutter, free and wild. The happy hours through. And bathe himself in crystal brooks And fill the air with song. While you must bend o'er lesson books In school, the whole day long! But you are wrong, my little friends. For where the branches sway The school the robin's child attends -Makes yours seem merely play. And if he fails to learn to fly Or firmly clutch a limb, ' Old Mr. Pussy Cat comes by' And that's the last of him! And he must train his beady eye For almost half a year J'ith watchfulness to scan the sky, V When Old Man Hawk Is near. And oh, the weary weeks of work Before he knows the sound mat tells where worms and dinner lurk. Beneath the grassy ground. And if one lesson's left unlearned Out yonder in the wood. Well up his little toes are turned And SCbOOl is nut for o-nn The school the robin's child attends Is hard, and stern and srrim. And not for worlds, my little friends. Tuuiu jgu exchange Wltn mm! a An Edjje on Baseball. Most wrestlers know lasa limit throwing their adversary than they do about throwing the match. a KlpUnsrlxlngr. They are now callinsr tha, OanaAtui border the "far flung bottle line." Proverbs for Chauffeur. The more fines the less speed. (Copyrlgh by the Bell Syndicate. Ine. John Burroughs Nature Notes. Can Yon Answer These Questions? 1. Is the red fox a native Ameri can? 2. How does Kentucky blue grass grow? 3. By what la the flavor of an an imal's flesh determined. Answer in tomorrow's nature notes. Answer to Previous Questions 1. Are birds adept in pursuing other birds? When one bird pursues another, it has the power to tack and turn, and to time its movements to that of the bird pursued, which is quite marvel oua Tin-sparrow might as well dodge its own shadow as to dodge the sharp shinned hawk. It escapes, if at all. by rushing into a bush or a tree where the movements of its enemv are impeded by the leaves and branches. 2. What pleasure does the study of nature bring? In nature are "all manner of tastes," science, art. poetry, utility, and good in all. The botanist has one pleaaere In her, the ornithologist an other, the explorer another, the walk er another and the sportsmen an other; what all may have is the re freshment and the exhilaration which comes from a loving and intelligent scrutiny or ner manilold works. 3. IIow doe3 nuts? squirrel harvest One October morning I was w'alk-' ing along the road on the edge of the woods when I came into a gentle shower of butternuts; one of them struck my hat brim. I soon aw the explanation; a red squirrel was at work gathering his harvest. He would seize a nut, give It a twist, when down it would come; then he would dart to another and another. tnignts referred by Houghton Mifflin Oo.) In Other Days. Twenty-five Years Ago. From The Oregonian of October 25. 1S95. A. B. C. Dennlston, city passenger and ticket agent of the Great North ern railroad, returned to the city yes terday morning from a brief visit to San Francisco, accompanied by a bride. Johnny Staver, the Multnomah club's crack class B rider, leaves this evening for California, to ride on tne southern circuit. Salem. A. C. Cheneworth was run over by the southbound overland train at Hubbard last night, his left leg being cut entirely off half-way be tween the knee and akle joints. Several members of the council street committee were examining the new railway on First street yester day. Fifty Years Ago. , From The Oreg-onlaa of October 25. 1870. The actual official population of New York city it 930.856. We observed Harry Nevlson in the city yesterday making fall purchases for the trade in Yakima valley. Mr. Nevison informs us that there are now about 250 prosperous families on .the Yakima. The Portland Dray & Hack com pany, of which F. Cant is president and Ed F. Albright is secretary, are launching out gorgeously in the hack line. We understand that the celebrated trotting horse Mohawk- was stolen from Ladd's stable Sunday night. Author of "Millions for Defense." PORTLAND, Oct. 23" (To the Edi tor.) Please give the author of the words, "Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute"; also the year In which and the circumstances under which they were spoken. E. F. WESCOTT. The words are attributed to Charles Cotesworth Pinckney when ambassa dor to the French republic in 1797. Proclamation of the Jay treaty with England, on March 1, 1796, had threat ened a rupture between the United States and France. Pinckney was sent to France In September of that year. The directory refused to re ceive him, or received him with studied discourtesy, according to bn torians of the period. Tallcyiand is said to have intimated that a payment of money might be n necessary pre liminary to negotiations, and that a refusal might bring war. To this Pinckney made the reply that has been handed down in the epigram matical form given. Pinckney him self Is said to have denied the literal truth of the story. "No, my answer was not a flourish like that," he Is quoted, "but simply, "Not a penny; not a penny.' " Identity of Poem. ST. HELENS, Or.. Oct. 23. (To the Editor.) Do you know of a poem by John G. Whittier entitled "The Hunter a Legend?" J. P. C No poem of that title is indexed In Whittier's complete w.orks. i 1