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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 11, 1920)
G TIIE MORXIXG- OREGOXIAX, MONDAY, OCTOBER 11, 1920 KNTABLISHEO BY HENRY L. MTTOCK. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.. ISi Sixth surest, i'urtliuid. Oresun. C A. MOHDKN, E. B. PIPER. .Manner. i.diior. The Orejsouian Is a member of the Asso ciated Press. The Associated Press is ex clusively entitled to the ue for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of republication of special dispatches hero in are also reserved. Subscription Rate Invariably In Advance. (By Mall.1 Dally. Sunday included, one year IJ "? iJaily. Sunday included, six months . . . l'aiiy, Sunday included, three month Jfz Daily. Sunday Included, one month Dally, without Sunday, one year vS.J: Daily, wit hout Sunday, six months .... Iaily. without Sunday, one month. .... "Weekly, one year J-'J" Sunday, one year (By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year Dully. Sunday Included, three monitn. x.-a Daily. Sunday Included, one month ... Daily, without Sunday, one year .. T.su Datlv, without Sunday, three months. .. I-' a Dally, without Sunday, one month How to Re-nilt Send postoffiea money order, express or personal check nm your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. dive poslofflce address In full. Including county and atato. I'ostnjre itnteh l to 10 ynsea, IS to 3 pases, a cents; 34 to 48 pages. 8 cents: 50 to B4 paves. 4 cents: 68 to 80 - .... . (.ft nacd. A Cf-ntS. oreiKn POSIUKW uuuute i L Eastern Business Office vmeest-onn-lln. Hrunswick building. New York; Verree Conklln. Steger building. Chicago; Ver ree Sc Conklin. Free Press building. De troit. Mich. San Krancisco representative, K. J. Bidwell. WHO IJf DOCBT. We are not by any means reassur red by the legal argument of the cor respondent who defended the anti medication measure in the Sunday Orrgonian. The proposed amendment provides that "no form of vaccination, Inocu lation or other medication," shall be a condition precedent to attendance a,t school, or college, or to employ ment or to the exercise of any right,, performance of any duty or enjoy ment of any privilege. The argument is that after the courts get through with the amend ment it will not be so bad as it sounds. There is a technical con struction, followed by courts, we are told, which is to the effect that when a general term is preceded by spe cific terms the general words must be construed as of the same or simi lar application as the particular words. Therefore "other medica tion" in the proposed amendment would mean only some form of vac cination or inoculation, and would not invalidate general quarantine or sanitary laws or practices, as has been charged by opponents of the amendment. The fact exists and is commonly known that there are persons who oppose all form3 of medication and .in me common uuutiaLauuuig tmo measure voices the opposition of such persons. In the strict sense oi the word, vaccination and inocula tion are not forms of medication. Medication is the plying of drugs or principles to remedy disease or ab normal physical condition from which a person is already suffering. Vaccination and Inoculation are de signed to prevent well persons from contracting a disease or to amelior ate its severity if they do contract it. .Here is a purpose in the use or the word "medication" which Is plainly contrary to that of limiting the scope of the amendment solely to vaccina tion and inoculation. The rule of construction the correspondent cites is not hard and fast but is Invoked only for the purpose of determining the legislative intent and Is not per mitted to limit or extend the opera tion of that intent. The intent of the amendment is, on its face, to prohibit a requirement that any form of medication be made a prerequisite for attendance at school, or for acceptance W employ ment, or for going about one's busi ness. If the amendment means what it says the leprous and the syphil itic may prepare our food without restraint, children afflicted with measles or chicken pox or scarlet fever or small pox may not be pre vented from attending school; women detained at the Cedars for medication could demand release to spread disease, the hygenicrnarriage law would become unconstitutional and the health and well-being of the community would suffer in othe ways. If the amendment does not mean what it says it should have been drawn to say what it does mean. There is suffciient precedent for de feating a measure on the latter ground alone. There is a voters' maxim with which all 'Xramers of Initiated legislation ought by this time to have become familiar with It is consistently obeyed. It is this When in doubt vote No. KEEP THE SIUPTARDS GOING, Tlecent reports of Uoyds show a treat decrease in construction of new ships in the United States, while British construction had been in creasing. This was to have been expected, for the British merchant marine lost more heavily in the war than those of all other nations com bined, and it was natural that Brit ish shipyards should turn from war. chips to merchant ships. Nor was it to be expected that the United States could continue building at the great pace set for the war. But the latest developments indicate that there is no good cause for the great slump that has come in American ship building. British costs have not fallen from war standards: rather they have risen. Sale of British tonnage at $72 a ton has given the impression that ships can be built in British yards at that figure, but it proves that the vessels in question were old, prob ably in need of repair and costly to operate, though the price paid for them was far higher than the pre war cost. Meel vessels are now said to be built on the Clyde at $110 of $115 per ton, but the cost is prob ably rising. Keferring to the slump in the business, Sir Frederick Lewis, chairman of Furness, Withy & Co., said at the meeting of stockholders that it was due chiefly to increasing cost of materials and to the irapos Bibility of making a reliable estimate of cost or date of delivery. This opinion is confirmed by that of Sir Thomas 1- lsher at the launching of . the new Canadian Pacific liner Km press of Canada. He said that ship cost 1,700,000, but before the war could have been built for 500,000 or less than a third of present cost. operating expenses naa also in creased 350 per cent, while passen Eer fares had risen only 185 percent. An estimate of the cost of steel ships built in British Columbia is , $155 a ton. which is considerably above that given for the Clyde, and - cost in American Pacific yards may De aoout tne same, tsut all the -conditions in this country favor decrease in cost, while those prevailing in Britain tend the other, way. Ameri can shjnwkers. who werfe green during: the war, must by this time have acquired skill, while the inef ficient have been weeded out. Cost of material in this country tends downward and the fall in ocean freight favors the shipbuilder though it reduces profits of the ship-owner. On the other hand, British yards operate under the uneconomic cost plus system, with chronic labor trouble and with men who practice ca'canny. A system of payment which would lead the American workman to put forth his best ef fort might enable American yards to do better than match British cost without change in wages. Though a slowing up in shipbuilding was in evitable, many old ships must be scrapped and before long commerce should so far exceed its pre-war vol ume as to give a new impetus to shipbuilding'. Slackening of the industry has been due to doubt as to the shipping policy of this country. The new ship ping law has established a policy with provision for fostering the ship building business, but the present shipping board, knowing its days are numbered, has delayed to act on it igorously, either as to operation or building. Much of its action has been injurious to American yards, as in sale of surplus steel from the Hog island yard to Clyde firms at a very low price. The new law provides a fund in aid of new construction, es pecially of vessels needed to make a well-balanced fleet, but nothing is done until the new board is appoint ed and takes office. That the Pa cific coast can still meet competition apparent from continued con struction at Portland, "Vancouver, Wash., on San Francisco bay and in British Columbia. " It is certainly not the wish of either party that this new industry should languish and die . All work and no play, the com mittee on recreation and rural health of the National Country Life Insur ance conference has rediscovered. makes Jack a dull boy. Thus it accounts for the fact that the coun try youth does not have the "neuro muscular reaction" of his city cousin and is otherwise physically defective. The principal trouble with the farm boy in the army, it seems, was that it was difficult to teach him to play. And yet, somehow, we confess a certain skepticism as to recurring tales of physical in efficiency in the country lad. He gave a rather good account of him self in the war, and he usually contrives to hold his own when he comes to town. When we see him pitching on a load of hay we are willing to let him solve his own play problems, if he cares enough about them. The business of reducing play to a formula can easily be over done. It smaks too much of health lifts and other scientific apparatus that city folk buy periodically and relegate to their attics after a fort night or so. Play would cease to be play the moment that it became didactic. The healthy boy ought to be able to take care of his own. TOO LATE FOR THE WAR. One thing can be said for the Wil son administration's conduct of" the J war. It tried to make the war an American war, fought by American soldiers with American arms and ammunition not only made but de signed in America. It was a beauti ful ideal, like many other Wilson ideals, but, also like many other Wil son ideals, it was never realized. The administration began to prepare two years too late. Poison gas is an example. The French and British had perfected the gas and the shells in which to shoot it, but in its laudable ambition to use only American weapons made according to American ideas, the war department rejected what the allies offered and proceeded to ex periment till it made gas, and had a plant making great quantities of it. Then it found it had no shells and, having learned to make them, it found them useless without boosters, which explode the shell and release the gas. Still refusing to use those with which the allies were smother ing lots of the enemy, the war de partment started to design and make an American booster. Meanwhile the allies begged us to use their boosters. but we refused. Pershing and the general of the gas division cabled for gas, and finally a little was shipped and used in British and French shells, but when the armis tice came, we were still trying to make boosters. Still we spent $116, 000,000 on gas. This is one part of the story of how we failed to make it a strictly American war, as told by Cyrenua Cole in "From Four Corners to Washington," a little book which comes from the Torch Press of Cedar Rapids, la. We supplied men the best men on earth rifles, am munition and machine guns, but be cause we tried to use only American weapons after starting two years too late, our men were late in getting Into the fight, many of them were killed for lack of aircraft and aftev all they had to fight with foreign weapons- We spent billions in mak ing American weapons, but they were too late to be used, and they will be obsolete before the next war. Probably they have been scrapped. THE WORST COXISM VET. Cox says. that Senator Lodge is "the basest conspirator in all his tory" and that "any man who signed the round robin against the most humane instrument in the world does not deserve a place in the senate." He seeks to convey the impression that the round robin expressed hos tility to the Wilson league, and that the thirty-seven senators were led by Mr. Lodge in a conspiracy to de feat it The round robin did not express opposition to the Wilson leasruA. It said that peace with Germany should first be made and then continued: The nroposal for a league of nations to insure the permanent peace of the world should be taken up for careful and ser ious consideration. At that time, March 3, 1919. there was no controversy as to whether there should be a league; practically the whole nation was agreed on'that point. Criticism of . the Wilson league related only to some points in it. The round robin only opposed inclusion of the covenant in the treaty with Germany, since the re sult would be that, in order to get peace, the United States must take the covenant and that, in order to get any league, it must accept the Wilson league. We hesitate to charge any man with conspiracy, but, if there was any conspiracy. It was formed by President Wilson and his lieutenants to make acceptance, of his league without change the price at which the American people should buy peace from their own executive. The round robin senators properly pro tested against this monstrous act of coercion. Speaking in Indiana of the demo cratic party at the same time as Mr. Cox was making his conspiracy charge, Herbert Hoover said: "No man would be so narrow as to con demn the patriotism of one-half of his countrymen." That is in effect what Mr. Cox is doing. The round robin senators represent certainly more than three eighths of their countrymen, but be cause they openly express their opin ion on a public question he says they are unfit to sit in the senate and he calls their leader a conspirator.. Though guilty" of this reckless dis regard of truth and this slander on men elected to represent many of the states. Cox has the effrontery to speak in this contemptuous manner of Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, who followed his great father's teaching by fighting against the enemy for whom Mr. Cox had made apologies: It Is a pltahle spectacle to see this son of a great aire shamelescsly paraded before the public. -Out of respect for -the memory of his illustrious father, some one should take this Juvenilis statesman aside and in primer fashion make plain what really ought to be obvious. When the man who received his early instruction in public affairs and patriotism from that "great sire" needs to learn more, he will not go to a man so careless of truth and proprieties as Cox. .... A HALF CENTURY OF EDCCATIOS. t Nearly 35,000 school children now enrolled in the public schools, of Portland owe more . than most 'of them realize to the determined cam paign waged half a century ago by a few advanced pioneers to establish the principle that the education of all is the concern of the whole com munity. The first law in Oregon authorizing the creation of school districts was passed by the terri torial legislature on September 5, 1S49, as the result of the recommen dation of Governor Lane. The rec ommendation itself was prepared at Governor Lane's request by the Rev. George H. Atkinson, of revered memory, and provided for the elec tion of three school directors on the first Friday in November following the passage of the law. There is conflict of historical authority, how ever, on the precise date at which the terms of the law were fulfilled. It is of record that the first board of directors of district No. 1 was composed of Reuben P. Boise, Anthony L. Davis and Alonzo Le land, who, it has been supposed, were elected on the first Friday in Novem ber, 1849. But it is disclosed by the archives of Historian Himes that Mr. Boise did not arrive in Oregon until November 27, 1850. It is known also that there were "rate bill" schools in Portland in 1850 and 1851. These were private schools, in the sense that the salaries of teach ers were paid by assessments on the heads of families, the assessments usually averaging: about $10 for each pupil for the term. There was, however, an interesting advertisement in the columns of The Oregonian of December 6, 1851, which seems to throw light on the controversy. It read: SCHOOL NOTICE! In pursuance of the vote of the Portland school district at their annual meeting, the directors' have established a Free School. The first term will commence on Monday, the 15th Inst., at the School House in this city, near the City Hotel. John T. Outhouse, teacher. The directors would recommend the fol lowing books to be used in the school, viz.: Sanders' Series- of Spellers and Readers. Goodrich's Geography. Colburn's First Lessons.- This was signed by the directors above named, including Mr. Boise, and seems to establish the beginning of free education in the Portland district forty-nine years ago. But there had been opposition to reali zation of the free school ideal, which was to continue for several years. The individualistic theory carried to the extreme, which had vexed the soul of Benjamin Franklin in pre revolutionary times, had many ad herents still. For five years after the passage of the legislative act meetings of taxpayers were held at frequent Intervals to obtain author ity to levy a tax to buy a block of ground and erect a building for school purposes. Discussion was often acrimonious. Bachelor tax payers, one of the leaders of whom was Benjamin Stark, for whom Stark street was named, strongly contend ed that only parents should be taxed for the maintenance of schools. Agitators in favor of public taxation included the Rev. Horace Lyman, Thomas Carter, Robert Porter, Jo siah Failing, Colonel William M. King, E. M. Burton, John C. Carson and other prominent citizens of that time. Not until 1856 did their efforts bear fruit at a hotly contested election in which the citizens of the district voted, 63 to 45, to buy land and build a school house. It is also significant that the original legis lative act authorizing establishment of a public school system was not passed unanimously, six negative votes being recorded. The fact makes more vivid the circumstances against which the advocates of free schools were forced to contend. It was not until 1869 that the first formal high school was insti tuted in Portland, but there is In the records of the Oregon Historical so ciety an illuminating letter written In May, 1861, by Sylvester Pennoyer, afterward governor of . Oregon, in which he alludes to three depart ments in the school and says: No one -will deny that a radical change Is needed, as the average attendance at present Is about thirty-five scholars to the teacher In the Higher Department, fifty two in the Intermediate, and over ninety m ine primary. jMominauy there are three departments In this school while prac tically there are but two, the great bulk of the school being of the primary and Intermediate departments. Mr. Pennoyer made a number of suggestions as to changes of build ing arrangement and employment of an additional teacher with a view of reducing the proportion to "forty scholars to the teacher" in the pri mary grades. He added: By placing the salary of the principal at one thousand, that of each of the two teachiers below at six hundred and that of each of two assistants at five hundred, the yearly expense of this corps of five, teachers would be three thousand two hun dred, the same as the expense of the present corns of. teachers, unless the board of directoft should deem it advisable to engage a gentleman as first assistant. In wliich case, of course, the expense wOuid be greater. ... I would also state to the board that I have the system of exam inations adopted by the board of educa tion of San Francisco and that any person applying for a situation in this school will have to undergo an examination before I grant a certificate. I Intend to make this a first-class school -and to be assured that none but practical, thorough teachers are employed. I would also suggest to the directors, as a precautionary measure, necessary for them in order to he shielded from liabilities, that they ascertain whether all the teachers now employed have cer tificates, and. f not. to ascertain why they have failed to secure one. I would further suggest that the board pursue a like course with the board of Ran Fran cisco. They give notice of vacancies and allow ail teachers to eompete for the posi tion, selecting the one that bore the best examination, other things being equal. Once having obtained their schools the people seem to have desired to utilize them to the limit. Protracted vacations were not in favor, as is Indicated by the suggestion, after ward acted on by the board: In conclusion. I would reiterate- my verbal suggestion of one year ago, that the scholastic year be divided into four terms of eleven weeks each, with one week's vacation at the close of three, of the terms and four weeks' vacation at the close of the fourth term. Another of the toresslng Issues of that year was "the speedy comple tion of the fence enclosing the school house yard." . "I have heard fre quent complaints," Principal Pen noyer wrote, "which can be effec tively stopped only by having sep arate and enclosed playgrounds for the boys and girls." And six weeks later he wrote as an afterthought on school policy: I believe it would be good policy on the part of the board of directors to engage all teachers hereafter with the understanding that, at the end of the year, such teachers should present their resignations, thus leaving the board at full liberty to accept r reject. Public education in Portland by this time had passed the trial stage, as is evidenced by abatement of the classic dispute over the principle of taxing bachelors for school mainte nance, and by intrusion of relatively minor issues into school elections and hjoard meetings. The battle for pub lic schools was fairly won in Oregon before the beginning of the civil war. Senator Harding's remarks on for eign, especially British movements tt control the petroleum supply of the' world are timely because news has, just come that Mexico has grant ed exclusive rights to explore and exploit for oil in Lower California to Britain and in Sonora to Japan. While President Wilson has been dreaming of a perfect world, Britain has been following the farsighted advicej of Lord Fisher, who saw that oil was the fuel of the future and would become necessary to naval supremacy. The nation, like the man, which attempts to follow high ideals while other nations are strictly practical will surely go un der. We tried idealism from 1914 to - 1917, but had to be practical enough to make war after all. So it will be in the rivalry of commerce. Sentimentalists would better let alone Governor Olcott with their ap peals for Hart and turn their atten tion toward the thousands not yet gone bad, but. in fair way to that destination. There are objects aplenty in the highways and byways. After being bandied back and forth for months, the Foster road paving project was finally put up to Mayor Baker and he settled it in less than one hour. It's characteristic of the mayor that he cuts the red tape and gets results. The operation whereby the verte brae of a New Jersey girl was re placed with a piece of her shinbone, and she soon will be as good as ever, is not so remarkable. One of Adam's ribs furnished material for vertebrae, shinbone and the whole works. Some people in the east who have not much else to do are advocating pedigreed lists for people as they have for thoroughbred animals. The plan might help the census in places, but who would care to have it known of himself? V - ..These revelations as to freewhiskv for the delegates to the democratic national convention go a lotig way toward explaining why so many fed eral office holders found "important business" calling them to San Fran cisco. The government has decided to give a last warning to the brewers who persistently turn out near-beer that is too near. In short, the au thorities are brewing a little trouble for the brewers. "Women," says Mrs. Crosby, pio neer leader in women's democratic circles in New Tork, "cannot afford to support what Cox stands for." That's plain enough and needs no explanation. With a gas furnace to warm the house and an -electric range to have breakfast cooked by the time the abode is comfortable, about all a man needs do is to wind the clocks regularly. A man can do many things while In art intoxicated condition, but to get married and not know it for ten days tasks credulity. Tet it might happen so in these days of bootleg whisky. i, " The proposal ti extend terms of county officers from two to four years has a lot of merit. The public is getting tired of this continual round of elections. The Eskimos are reported to hare become rich from the high prices for arrotic furs. Artd many a poor fellow here has become poor buying them for his wife- The dahlia vies"" with the ros. to round out the floral year. This, of course, does not take into consider ation the chrysanthemum, in a class of its own. Next time a democratic conven tion meets the boys will find the tim'e between drinks a whole lot longer than it was at San Francisco. That is a great political goulash opposed to McArthur. Politics does Indeed make strangle bedfellows. " Hearken! Clatsop county pulled off a-three-day fair and made it a success. Amphibious Astoria! Good idea a man must be dead to get into the hall of fame. Some might engineer the honor. At Marshfield a dairymen's league has purchased a creamery. May be that way lies a solution. Young Roosevelt seems to be get ting Cox's goat, for the candidate's come-back is weak. - t Montana is feeling shortage of coal, though coal was plenty three months ago. Back to the farm is losing its lure unless there is an irrigating ditch on the place. "War dogs at exhibit," says a headline. Let's hope they serve 'em hot. If Bergdollls in Holland, he will keep. Government sever forgets. BY-PRODUCTS Of THE TIMES Bright Lights of New York at Kicht Described by Aviator. Those who have lived only on the ground can have no idea of how the bright lights of a great city appear from above. New York at night from an airplane' moving northward of fers a wonderful panorama. An army aviator who flew over Manhattan and the Bronx described it as follows: "The Fourteenth street area of light loomed like a short sash of yel low. The theater district, bulging out on both sides of Lansacre Square from Forty-second to Fiftieth street, had the form of a brilliant golden heart. The next splash of vivid color was Columbus circle, which had the proportions of the hub of a wheel, that side on Central park being witfi" out spokes t light. I first circled to the west of the city, the reflection of Palisades park, cresting the Jersey shore, gleaming in the Hudson river. Perhaps the most striking view of all from the sky was at One Hundred Forty-ninth street and Third avenue, in the Bronx. It was like gazing down Into the outlines of a gigantic yellow star, for there are five thorT oughfares that diverge at this point." The same aviator had been over Brooklyn after dark, and he said that the view was less thrilling, the light patches being smaller and further be tween, until, the gorgeous aurora borealis of Coney island, on the back ground of the Atlantic was spread before the eyes. So there remains one new thrill New York at niifht from the seat of an airplane. Mr. Donald, a former editor of the London Chronicle, proposes a Joint body representing the English-speaking countries to serve the English language as the French academy serve.s the French language, existing as 'an authority on the use and con tents of the tongue. It would he a sort of league of language for the purpose of securing a governed Eng lish tongue. It would have no bind ing authority, of course. If the Eng lish "academy" ruled that "I'll say so" Isn't good literary expression, we may still say it without so much as the loss of a stroke in our gum chewing. What Mr. Donald hopes is that such an expression from such an authority would set a standard which good literature would follow, in the faith that the shape of the lan guage is finally to be determined by its enduring literature rather than by its transient slang. If Senator Borah finds that this is a British invasion of American llng-uaf sovereignty we shall have nothing to do with it. of course. Nebraska State Journal. "Few - things rise In value," re marked my friend. Matthew Baird Jr "faster than first editions of good authors." Then he ran over some of the quo tat ion a which soared as high as $15,000. "The thing for the hooklover to do, or perhaps I should say the financial investor," .continued this book ex pert, "is to buy first editions now of the best living authors. Death at once puts a premium upon them and in a few years they will be worth many times what they cost at pres ent." Mr. Ba'rd tells me one of the most discriminating book buyers jvho come to his shop is a very young girl whose dad gives her J5 a month for literature. Which, to some persons will seem to be quite as much of a feminine merit as to be able to do the latest step to a jazz band. Girard in Philadelphia Press. i Some say that faith Is dead, but The busiest beauty parlor in one town that I know of is run by a woman whose own face would stop a clock; And a barber In another town wears a toupee and sells more hair restorer than any two other barbers; vnd I have a friend who rodo through 200 miles of deserted desert homesteads to file on a claim where he expects to prosper; And I have another who is taking tuberculosis treatment from a doctor1 with one lung; And another who married a four times grass-widow;. , And another who traded liberty bonds for oil stock; And a bridegroom-elect who be lieves that two can live as cheaply as one Threl Fall in Los Angeles Times. The Kansas City Times reprints this estimate- of one of the hooks of the Bible, written by the late John J. Ingalls: "The book of Job is the oldest and. In my judgment, the highest produc tion of the human Intellect. It is es pecially interesting because. It shows that humanity at the dawn of his tory was engaged in considering the same problems that perplex us now immortality,, the existence of evil, the afflctions and misfortunes of the good in this world, and the prosperity of the wicked. We have made no progress in solving these problems. The barriers are Insurmountable. The centuries are silent. The soul strug gles, aspires, beats its wings against the bars, flutters and disappears. ' . Washington, D. C, has been fever ishly excited for nearly a month over changes in the board of district com missioners. The president ended the capital's agony today, by announcing the appointment of a colleague for Miss Mabel. Boardfhan a democrat, J. Thilman Ilendrick and the board now againis complete. Miss Board man is a republican and the law re quired the naming of a member of another party to fill the second va cancy. Mr. Hendrlck is a stock broker, and has lived In Washington for 27 years. He is a Tennesseean. . Massachusetts makes a pair of shoes for everybody In the United States every year. Spins a million bales of cotton every year. Grinds out cloth all wool and a yard wide enough to wind around the equator six times and some over. The statistics of New England's manufactures reminds me of the boastful swimmer, of whom it was said that he could "dive deeper and swim farther, and come up drier" than anyone else in the world. Out look. There Is one place in which a dollar will go farther than it ever did be fore, and that is in the government bond market. Liberty bonds are the only things that are cheap. They can be bought at a price far below their actual value, and the govern ment will pay the holder for keeping them. Topeka State Journal. Those Who Come and Go. The. advanced cost of railroad trans portation and Pullman tickets makes no difference to Charles Newhall, one of the leading business menof Phil adelphia, who maintains that'if a per son has to travel it shonld be done in comfort. When he decided to leave the Multnomah and continue his home ward journey after spending a few days in the city he requested George, the porter at the hotel, to secure him a ticket and a lower berth to Chicago. There was nothing left on the train but an upper a"hd the drawing room. "Get me the flrawing room," Mr. Newell instructed. "You will have to have two tickets," George informed him. "I don't care if I have to have seven. I am gotng to travel in comfort." Mr. Newell declared; -It cost him just $262.20 to get from Portland to Chicago. You couldn't fool Harry Woods of Norburne. Mo., as to the whys and whats of good horses, for Woods has probably started more race horses in more parts of the country than arwy other man in the United States. Mr. Woods, who sports a white flower in his buttonhole, came to Oregon to start the races at the state fair. Last week he performed similar duties at Gresham and now he is on his way to Jackson, Mississippi, for the state fair there. He was at the imperial yesterday. Besides spending his time standing in the judges' box and sound ing the gorvg. Mr. Woods gives con siderable attention to breeding fine horses at Norburne. Two familiar faces were missing around the Imperial yesterday. Harry Hamilton had taken Phil Metschan oil to Howell landing to demonstrate his new tin tub for duck hunting. Mr. Metchan, It is understood, celebrated the occasion by wearing the red hat that graced a recent deer hunting ex cursion. Instead of attracting the deer, the headpiece roused a collection of bees with disastrous results. Mr. Metschan is now trying it out on ducks. The rocking boat affair that the pair planned to use as a screen is Mr. Hamilton's own idea. It con sists in a galvanized tank the hunters climb into and shoot from, the top being open. On his way to Los Angeles J. L. Ly tell of Yakima stopped at the Mult nomah. He is connected with the United States reclamation service and is interested in the placintr of 300,000 additional acres under irriga tion ir the territory around Yakima. Mr. Lj-tell complains of the railroad sleeping car accommodations between his city and Portland and says if there were sleepers on the night trains the service would.be equal to that on the through trains to Seattle and would bring hundreds of people horo to do buying. Whenever Captain G. A. Whitehead, master of the steamer Montague, is in. town he puts up at the Oregon. He is just back from a trip to the Orient and is telling the folks around the hotel what an all-around pleasant voy age his last one was. The vessel made the fourth one of tha Admiral line steamers to arrive In port. It brought 600 tons of general cargo. "Happy" Ward Is what they call Frank S. Ward of Salem. He used to run a drug store In the capital city but now hespends part of his time here keening an office open forthe state druggists" association. He reg istered at the Imperial yesterday. Mr. Ward Is one of the people who knows just how much hair tonic is sold for light beverages. in Oregon. Nobody can deny that R. C. Evans of Spokane is some duck hunter. The insurance man came here Saturday, put up at tha Benson and was out on Sauvies' island first thins:. Most peo ple woirld have been satisfied with his catch that day. but not so Mr. Evans he went there again yesterday to have another try at the birds. Differences of opinion on internal questions of the British empire ap parently don't disturb two travelers from the Islands who were at the Benson yesterday. One was J. A. Cal len of Edinborough. Scotland, and the other was F. Pemberton. of Dublin, Ireland. C T. Klrcher. vice-president of the First National bank of Myton, Utah, is at the Multnomah. He will spend several days here in the interest of the bank and on business connected with his sheep ranch, which is one of the largest in Central Utah. Though his business relates to bod ies of the deceased W. H. Hagndorn of Los Angeles is far from being classed as a 'Mead one." The genial undertaker was to be found at the Imperial yesterday befor he took his departure for Denver.' Knights of Columbus from La Grande managed to occupy consider able space ork the register at the Port land yesterday. The delegation is made up of J. I. Peare. J. Clifford, Martin King, Ben Bassett, Henry Nurre and W. M. Peare. While Henry Teurlsh of Dulnth Is known for his activities In the lumber business, his wife is equally noted for her participation In the social affairs of her home city. Roth are at the Portland, also Miss Frances Teurish. Western business Interests brought together at the Portland yesterday T. E. Bibbins of San Francisco. C. W. Anpleton of New York city and H. A. Houtk of Schenectady. X. Y. They are connected with the General Electric company. Charles A Wallace, attorney for the Pacific Coast fc'teamship company, is registered at the Multnomah while here on business. He has headquar ters in San Francisco. Fred M. Warner, formerly assistant manager of the Osborne hotel in Eu gene is registered at the Imperial. He was for a year one of the clerks at the Multnomah. THE OAK TREE. Full-powered and strong the oak tree stands. Unmindful of storm and blast. As modest as strong, serene, at peace, Tet breathing a grandeur vast. For countless long years the oak has stood In majesty on the hill. When the first white man looked on the scene It reigned there, "rugged, and still. Th'e. summer sun shona lovingly down Through the centuries long untold. And autumns unnumbered dyed the leaves And fierce wintry winds blew" cold. Through spring's gentle rai'na, at spring's soft touch. Many times did it awake. It has cheered the hearts of countless men When all was at the stake. It has soothed, encouraged, helped and raised Mankind in divers mood. It has brought a peace, serene and deep. And shown that all is good. - EMEROI ST ACT. . , Death of Maud Powell. GRASS VALLEY, Or.. Oct. 9. fTo the Editor.) Please tell me whether Maud Powell, the violinist. Is dead or alive, and if dead, when she died. GEO.. H. WILCOX. ilaud I'oweU died January 's, 13.'0. JAPANESE VKBSIOS OF AFFAIR Government-General of Korea ls-sne Statement on Hrnman Incident. PORTLAND, Or., Oct. 9. (To the Editor.) With respect to an article appearing in the Sunday Oregonian under the caption "Hersman Explains Speech in Korea," I wish to produce the-actual facts in the case. I am en closing the statement as published by the Government-General of Ko rea, which I hope will he interesting to your readers. T. SUGIilORA. The governor-general of Korea has pub lished a statement reKardins the Hers man incident in Seoul during the visit of the congressional party to Korea. Ac cording to this statement Mr. lii Shozai and Mr. Shin Koryo. of the Y. .f-. C. A., called on tho party on the niornins of August 25 and asked for the presence of the American congressmen nt their re ception to be held at the Y. if. c. A. hall on the same afternoon. L'onsr,-s.mian John il. Small, head of the party, agreed to be present at the meetinp: on condition that Japanese should also be invite, 1 at the gratherinK and that no politics be d is- tusi-u ill iiiu iiieeLiiiK. 1 the fact that some of the Korean malcon tents intended to take advantage of the occasion to present a petition to the Amer icans rx-garding the independence move ment and the fact that malcontents were bent upon creatniK a disturbance so that the American vifitors rr.isht he shown the way in which the police dealt with the Korean agitators. In view of these and other disquieting symptoms the authori ties thought it advisable that the Ameri cans be acquainted with the prevailincr state of affair. The Americans were, therefore, informed of what was happen ing or what was golns to happen through the Kokusal Shinwa Wai. Thereupon, the Americans communicated their decision through the Kokurai Shinwa Kai to de cline their presence at the meeting. Mr. Kl Shozai then called on Mr. Small and again asked for the presence of the Americans ac the gathering, but he declined the offer through lr. Arnould. The Kor eans, assembled at the Y. M. C. A. hall, were about to disperse when about 4 o'clock Mr, Hersman and several other Americans of the party, out of curiosity, proceeded to the place of meeting in their individual capacity When -Mr. Hersman and the other Americans were Introduced to the assemblage by Mr. Ri Phozal. "Mansel" was shouted by the Koreans and Lr. Hersman's address elicited further shouts of "Mansel." Thereupon a tarre number of Koreans In the neighborhood were seen gathering near the Y. M. O. A. hall, and, as- the situation seemed to be taking on a serious aspect, the police de cided to act. At the same time the chief of the Shoro police station went into the hall alone and politely aked Mr. Hers man and otiiers to withdraw from - the hall. They concurred with the chief in spector's request and went out of the hall, and the puliee. explaining the outcome of the affair, ordered the Koreans to disperse. The police questioned Mr. HI Shoznl and Mr. In Ohlfto. but they denied having shouted- "Mansei." and the police gave up questioning them further. The Korean crowd was gradually dispersed without causing any disturbance. In the mean time, the rumor was spread by some that Mr. Hersman had been arrested and some of the congressional party were surprised on hearing the report. Later, however, the Americans were convinced of the er roneous nature of the report on hearing what had really taken place from the lips of Mr. Hersman himself and they ex pressed s-atis-faction nt the way In which the police treated the Americans. The authorities communicated to Mr. Small all the particulars of the Incident and he expressed) his regret at what had taken place. PlTr BALL IS EPIGrrtE'S DISH Mr. Woodward Guarantee It ind Tells) How to Cook It. PORTLAND, Oct. 9. (To the Kdl tor.) The writer, for many years an amateur though none tho less ardent, mycologist, has noted the interest on the part of the public in the collection of these toothsome additions to the bill of fare in many a home. The feathering of edible mushrooms, the discrimination as to the different forms and varieties, contact with na ture and outdoor life; these, indeed, constitute a wholesome and much needed variety in our dailv life. There arc non-edible and poison ous varieties of mushrooms the deadly Amanita of brilliant nue but among the bettor known edible, varie ties there are those so easily distin guished by even the casual seeker that their extended use may well be encouraged. The writer noted yesterday In his meandering afield that the humble puff ball had been discarded by those who had gone before, trodden into the earth or plucked and cast aside broken and woithless. This is not as it should be. The puff ball, while young, firm in texture- and white as to color, properly prepared, is one of the most delicious of the edible varieties in our fields and forests. After it has changed color, become yellow with age. it is. of course, impossible. This little note is to admonish those who have hitherto passed by these or destroyed them that they are missing the very best part of their trip. Take the puff ball, peel it and. If too large, reduce it in size to that of a marble,; place it in a skillet already hoti with a bit of butter melted, sea son to taste and , broil for minutes over a brisk fire, shaking from tinie to time and adding a bit more butter if necessary. Twenty minutes should be enough to furnish a C-ish which no epicure will refuse. WILLIAM F. WOODWARD 8 lie of Warships. PORTLAND, Oct. 9. (To the. Kdf tor.) (1) Please, tell me the length of the battleship California and if it Is the largest one afloat or Just the largest one in our navy. (2) How much larger is the Montana than the California? (3) Is Al Jolson a nejrro or a white man? (4) Wrhen a man is divorced from his wife, are her relatives any relation to him? (5) When a man's wife dies, are her relatives still related to him? For Inntanee. can be speak of "my brothor-in-law," etc ? E. L. Z. 1. The battleship California has a length on the load water line of 00 feet. Se'eral other vessels In the navy are or the name length and displacement. Including the Idaho, Mississippi, New Mexico and Ten nessee. The Arizona and Pennsylvania are also 600 feet long, but are sliphtly under the others in tonnaso displace ment. The new Iowa and Massa chusetts will be 6S4 feet over all and have a displacement of 43.001 tons- 2. The Montana is 502 feet loug. 3. White. , 4. No. 5. It would not be improper or un usual. Descent of Property. 'PORTLAND, Oct. 9. (To the Edi tor.) 1) Must a satisfaction of mortgage be recorded to make it law ful? (2) A, married, has real estate in his name.. In case either A or his wife dies, what share of A's estate would go to the heirs, if anv there are? - I'AID-l'P SUBSCRIBER. (1) No. (2) In this instance the wife has no estate to devise or to descend to heirs. If A dies the Rroperty will descend tp the wife if there are no children; if children exist they inherit all the property, subject to the wife's life interest in the income from one half the estate. Morrison Rrldyre Disaster . PORTLAND. Oct. 9. (To the Edi tor.) What was the date that the Morrison bridge fell in in 1900 at the swimming exhibition. A says it was July 4. B says it was not. Also state the condition of the weather of both- days and the time of the ac cident. . J. MYERS. " The disaster occurred on July 31, 1903. at 2:65 P. M. Tho weather was clear. It rained on July 1 uL that year. John Burroughs Nature Notes. a Vou Anxwer These Questions 1. Are birds social in winter? 2. When is Indian summer? 3. How do queen bees succeed each" other? Answers in tomorrow's nature notes. Answers to previous questions: 1. ATat birds ar eongless? The sone-Iess birds why has ntur denied them this gift? But they near ly all have some musical call or im pulse that serves them very well. Tha quail has his whistle, the wood-pecker his drum, the hawk his scream, the crow his sturdy caw. Only one of our pretty birds of tiie orchard is reduced to an ail hut inaudi-ble note, and that is the ced.tr bird. Vhen do most animals begin to h inernate me,' mid-October, most of tho rfin I an Winkles amonp our brine crea tures have Iain down for their winter nap. The toads and turtles have buried themselves in the earth. The wood chuck is in his hibernaculum. the skunk in his. tho mole in his: and tho black bear has his selected.' and will go in when the snow comes. 3 What is the difference between fall and spring rains? The fall ,-ir.ii winter rains are. as a rule, the most deliberate and peneral. but the spring and summer rains are always mor- or less immiistve ami capricious. But the great fact about the ram is that it is the most benefi cent of all tho operations of nature; more immediately than sunlight even, it means life and growth. mights reserved by Houghton Mifflin r-0 In Other Days. Twenty-five Tears Ago. From tha. Oregonian of October 11. 1!.V Portland E'.ks devoted the nay yes terday to honoring Past Grand Ex alted Ruler Edwin B. Hay oC Wash ington, D. C. Reports received by the rort of Portland commission yesterday indi cate that the channels over the St. Johns and Swan island bars are both deepening themselves. Last nisht was patriots' nierht at the industrial exposition and a record throng attended. Work of tearing- up the stone pave ment on First street and rreparintr to lay the new douVile-track street railway has been, started. Fifty Yean Ago. From Th- Or-gonlan of October 11. 1T. On Saturday the new Cosmopolitan hotel was opened for the reception of guests by Al Zieber and Dan Holton, proprietors. The Portland board of trade will hold an important meeting In the city council chamber this evening. -An engine of 20-horsepower Is be ing made by tho Willamett Iron Works to furnish power in the sash and door factory of Adams i Jonoa at MoMinnville. ' t WE- SACRIFICE 0H OR OTHER Either Constitution r Honor Pot in Jeopardy by Leagme. POR.TLANT, Oct. 9. (To the Ed itor.) President Wilson's address t the voters of our republic appears to be a sincere and earnest appeal In favor of the, league of nations cove nant. But I must confess that soma of his solemn asseverations puzzle- ma. He says: 'There Is nothing In th covenant which in the least interfere with the right of congress to declaro war or not declare war. according to its own independent judgment as our constitution provides." Let us see: Section 16, paragraph 3, says: "It shall be tho duty of the council in such case (where any mem ber resorts to war) to recommend to the several governments concerned what effective military or naval forces the members of the lea true shall sev erally contribute to the armaments of the forces to be used to protect the covenans of the league." Can lan guage bo plainer? In tho decisions reached by the council the United States has one vote to be cast by one- representative. Should a majority of congress dissent from his position, what would result? Either we would passively have to make our contribution of military or naval forces as directed and enter the war contrary to our constitution, or refuse to do so, thereby breaking faith as ono of the "high contracting par ties." and "be declared to be no longer a member of the- league by a vote of the council. " "Just how a normal and sincere man can give utterance- to the above declaration with 6uch plain and prom inent provisions before him is beyond my comprehension. J. L. LEE. . the noi.n-rp. i Haiti Hands up. you son of a toad! Throw out the box. and tha mail sacks too. Stick 'em up there and keep 'em up! None of your tricks or 1 11 bore you th rough! Watch the leaders there, pal o" mine; Shoot them down if they make a dash. What's a cayuso more or less When you play the ganio for easy cash? Cherokee i5ob, you stand by tho whoel And watch tho suy with the sawed off gun. If he wiggles a finger give 'em th lead That's a part of the game as well as the fun. Pull In your head or I'll tear it off Must be huntin' a chance to die. We.ll, I'll be hear how that woman laufrhs! She's sure a kid with a candy eye. Jack, old fellow,-you hustle em out And stand em close.. up here quick and and him lick up th such watches and rint;s And If any resists, why give nis oose. , Fourteen gents and a nervy girl, Laughin", too, with a grit that's preat! God! Eh? Ah. It's Laura Malone! Jack, old boy. Is my masn on straight? GUT FITCH PHELPS. Periodical Sent Without Order. WAUNA. Or.. Oct. 9. (To the Edi tor.) A few months hack I met a young laty in Portland and subscribed to a certain magazine for two months, paying her for same. A short time, afterwards I received a card from the magazine saying I was a member of a magazine club for a year, which I n--ri a.Ilswcieu- i I e. v, tri l ut iiii&a zine for two-months and not claimlnsr it any more a it was Mill sent I refused to take it out of the post office. Previously to that I wrote them not to send the magazine as I didn't want it and to do so was at their own risk. At no time did 1 sign a contract. Now today I reoevied a bill from same company, sayinit I was linder contract for a year itnd owed 11 for the past two months. What is your verdict on such a cawe and what would you do? STEADY" SUBSCRIBER. A publisher cannot collect subscriptions- for a magazine !ent with out ordJ-.