TltE MORNING OREG OXI AN, "WEDNESDAY, SEPTE3IBER 22, 1920 10 itlornutjpi (Drmttmt ESTABLISHED BV HENRY I- PITTOCK. Published bv The Oregonian Publishing Co.. 13J Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon. C. A. MOBDIS, E. B. PIPER. Manager. tailor. The OreKonlan Is a member or me ao elated Press. The Associated Press la ex clusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper and also Hie local news published herein. All rlsnts of republication of .special dispatches here in are also reserved. Subscript Inn Rate Invariably in Advance. I By Mail. D.tllv: Sunday Included, one year IS.oO Pail". Sundav Included, six months . . l'aily. Sunday included, three month Ijaily, Sunday Included, one month . J 'ally, without .Sunday, one year Daily, without Sunday, six months . Daily, without Sunday, one month . . . Weekly, one year Sunday, one year (By Carrier.) . Dallv. Suniiev Included, one year . . . . L).iil, Sunday included, three months. lally. Sunday Included, one month .. . DallN. without Sunday, one year Dally, without Sunday, three months.. Dallv. w Ithout Sunday, one month . . . How to Kemlt Send postofflce money order, express or personaj check on your local bank- Stamps, coin or currency are at owners risk. (Jive postofflce address in full. Including county and state. IVmtiise Kates 1 to IK pages. 1 cent: 1Q irt nair.. " cents: 34 to 48 pages, .1 .em- .V) to B4 nazes. 4 cents; 61! to t,ac-f n cents: .SJ to Ott pages, 0 Foreign postage double rates. Katem Hmlnes Offirc Verree 4 Conk ! n. Hrunsw u k buildlnK. New York: erree & Conklin. Steger bui:ding. Chicago: V cr- X. ',.nb in f ree cress nunuiiiB. i-r .1 . 2.5.1 . .7.1 . 6 00 . 3.2-- . .00 . 3.00 . 6.00 .19.00 2 " '. 7.1 . 7 . SO . 1.9.1 . .63 80 cents ognize the owners' property right and only to claim an equal part in man agement. Whether they will be content with this arrangement, or whether the owners will find it work able is doubtful. If Russian expe rience is to be a precedent, produc tion will fa.ll off and cost will rise. The United States and France re main the greatest industrial nations which cling to individualism, and they show no sign of changing, for the reds in these two countries, though ready for any desperate deed, are fe.w. We may have a practical test of socialist and individualist nations in competition, and may dis cover what truth is in the boasted superiority of socialism in efficiency and in improving the lot of the work men. Admissions of Lenine that bolshevism will perish unless it be comes world-wide imply a belief of its high priest that it could not win in such a contest. trolt. ft. Mich. San Francisco representative, Bidwcll. CAl'SKS OF I)r..MOK.TIC UI.OOM. While Governor Cox is winding tip his western trip, reports from inde pendent sources are that gloom has spread over democratic headquar ters, and with good cause since the Maine election and the New Hamp shire primaries. The latter two events tell that the solemn referen dum on the league has gone against him, and that general discontent with democratic government has swollen the adverse vote. Maine has been the unfailing pur litical barometer for many years, and political straws in other states con llrm its verdict.. Democrats have , - J 1. .- . . i- '1 I wt lliAV given up iiuiju i.itv -....-. turn to the west for cheer, but ob servers agree that Cox has not been a winner. Ills talk of the league has not caught on, his campaign fund scandal ha been a dud. he has been heckled on the wet and dry question and his dodging answers have an tagonized the rirys more than ever. There ha-s been no popular outburst of enthusiasm such as Koosevelt and Wilson evoked. President Wilson's 'supreme confidence" before Maine spoke has been followed by an ad mission of "ovcrconfidcnce," and now there is.no confidence among demo crats. The worst danger to republicans is overeoufldence on their part, for they have taken to counting major ities and to predicting that these will be unprecedented. Their high! hopes cause them to underrate some unfavorable facts. For example in New "York they have in their favor dry disgust with Cox and his Tam many ally, Italian disgruntlement with Wilson's Fiume meddling, Irish and German opposition to the league and general discontent with demo cratic rule. These will militate against Gompers' influence with labor and will weaken Tammany's hold on its following. But republicans have to contend with Governor Smith's personal popularity, with the great foreign-born wet vote, with Senator Wadsworth's wet and anti-suffrage record in the dry upstate districts, nr..! -n'itVi nraiiiHifo nroimnrl hv A reputed reactionary nominee for governor. .The drift is strongly toward the republicans, but there are enougfl cross currents to keep them fighting. New Jersey and Con necticut were considered by demo crats to be theirs, but they now admit that they must right hard while republicans are sure of these states. Having won in 1916 by combining the almost solid west with the solid south against the solid east, extend ing to the Mississippi river, demo crats turn from this gloomy prospect to the west with hope, but here is more gloom for them. Probably as reliable a survey as any is that made by the Fidelity & Casualty company of Baltimore through its 900 agonts. It finds the general sentiment to be republican all along the Pacific coast, and that of the mountain states is pronounced as "republican but considerable democratic and doubtful," though since 1892 these states have almost invariably gone democratic except in 1901 and 1908. But most significant is the statement that the south Atlantic states are "democratic with considerable re publican sentiment," and that in the east south central division, compris ing Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Alabama, sentiment is "demo cratic but strongly divided." This suggests decided possibility that the republicans may win one or more of the border states, which have shown a growing disposition to wob ble in the last twenty-four years. If there should be a landslide might sweep them into the repub Lean column. ON fiOING IT ALONK. 'Portland newspapers are friendly toward the big Columbia basin proj- ct in Washington; perhaps in time we can line them up behind some thing for Oregon like the John Day project," says the Pendleton East Oregonian. It is natural enough that the news papers of Portland should view with friendly eye development of the great Columbia basin. It is not pos sible that the Pendleton paper would xpect them to oppose a reclamation plan which means population, wealth nd growth for a territory directly tributary to this city. The only uestion is as to the feasibility of the Columbia basin enterprise. It is undoubtedly practicable, but it will cost a large sum ot money. But mere size, should be no bar, pro- ided the results are sure to be com mensurate with the investment. The experience of Oregon with the reclamation service of the govern ment has not been altogether satis factory or fortunate. The sense of eglect and discrimination voiced by the Pendleton paper is strong. Mil lions realized from the sale of Ore gon lands have been expended else where. There are projects, like) the John Day, which deserve considera- ion, and they have not had it. it they have had support, from ortland. What is to be done? Shall each state or community make its own fight for recognition? Or shall they oin with others in the same general erritory and make the interest of one the common interest of all? The state has been going it alone for ears, and has got nowhere at least not anywhere commensurate with its deserts. Possibly a pooling of influ ence, of method, of propaganda, of effort will have better results. If Oregon goes it alone, and Wash- ngton goes it aione, and the other states of the Pacific northwest go it alone, there is no prospect that reclamation as a national enterprise, now in the doldrums, will soon get under headway again. and set the vessel aside for a day or so. With the grape juice so ob tained he made his persecutor tipsy, so that the wretched old rascal tumbled from Sinbad's back and was slain. Fermented grape Juice Is as old as the history of alcohol, and older. Judge Rossman of the municipal court does well to Impose drastic punishment on those who seek to evade the law through the sale of illegal grape juice. It represents one of the last-ditches into which drink has been driven. It should be sup pressed, as rigorously as the sale of whisky in an open barroom. COX, THE PERFECT THIRTY-SIX. The other day, to our pleased sur prise, we were informed that Candi date Cox "has the deep insight and profound analyzing power of an Elihu Root. He has the progressive conviction and the dynamic force of a Theodore Roosevelt. He has the idealism and humanism of a Wood row Wilson. He has the Christian conceptions and the high sense of justice of an Abraham Lincoln." In short, that mentally and morally, if not physically, the democratic can didate is a perfect thirty-six. The pleasure with which this in formation was received is now some what depressed by the researches of the Corvallis Gazette-Times. It has discovered that the romantic chron icler of the perfections of Candidate Cox once wrote deprecatingly of his nomination. It was, it will bere called, the Portland Journal that discovered that Candidate Cox pos sessed more pure and soulful attri butes than were ever before rolled into one man, yet the editor of that newspaper, while attending the San Francisco convention in the capacity of a contributor to his newspaper, said, before the nomination of-Can- didate Cox: The wet delegates are operating on the convention floor and are a part of the utrorig opposition to McAdoo. Another force is a minority of delee-ates who are at heart reactionary and wedded to old political Ideas. They are the force that nominated Parker In 1004. After the nomination of Candidate Cox the editor wrote to his Portland newspaper: The wet delegates In New York and the group ot states around New Tork. and the Murphy delegates didn't want Alc Adoo because he had been Indorsed by the autf-saloon leag-ue. These and nu merous southern delegates who were. In the same boat circulated about the con vention hall last night printed slips saying that a t.ox speech in Ohio was used as a mpaia-n document In the fight against prohibition. It also contained a letter from th liquor men indorsing Cox. as a candidate for governor. And the editor also said that it was not true that Tammany.-Nugent, Tom Taggart and that crowd nomi nated Cox "entirely" to spite the ad ministration, but "they went to Cox because they believed htm to be wet." The nomination was further ex cused by. the same writer on the ground that the delegates were tired out and, as sometimes happens when a convention Becomes all but ex hausted; it went on a "rampage. Of course the Journal may have been spoofing at one time or the other about Cox. but again it may be that it is entirely consistent. If, as now said, Cox is a perfect thirty six mentally and morally, no con vention ever before had under con sideration & person of such excep tional virtues and such perfect at tainments. Hdw- it would act under the circumstances history fails to disclose, because history, not know ing, cannot disclose. Maybe any super-man would be thought wet by Tammany. Who knows? Even now, after we have it on sucj unimpeachable authority that he is a demi-god, he looks wet to us and acts wet. Perhapsto a reactionary, a super-man would ap pear to be reactionary. Who knows otherwise as to that? Bear in mind that this is a unique experience. We never before had with us the best THE LOSER'S ALIBL Candidate Cox complains that the newspapers of the west have treated him unfairly, in that they have failed to report hi3 speeches fully, that one of them did not publish his speech of acceptance, and that another maintained a mysterious silence about his itinerary and presence when he was in what might be called the editorial midst. Let us refrain from defending the offending papers by saying that they were doing Cox a service by quoting him as little as possible. It was un- ntentional, and they are entitled to no credit. How much of the Cox indictment against the newspapers is merely a oser's alibi? So tar as The Orego nian has noted, the press of the west has given Cox generous and impar tial attention in its news columns. Here in Portland, for example, the I attributes of Root, Roosevelt, Wil full text of his main address, occu- 1 son and Lincoln rolled into one pying many columns, was printed by I Maybe super-men and demi-gods The Oregonian and alsoa large part I are in fact wet and reactionary. It of his second speech, .which was in I is a startling thought. It is almost some respects a repetition of the enough to make anybody go on a first. - Yet, painful as it is to recount 1 rampage. the facte, the candidate did not scruple to refer to The Oregonian co-operation ihe AMKRICAN l'L.N. hi uiaicfiuctLLui ieiiii, aiiu-iu inane at least one outright misstatement about it. We will be charitable about it and use no harsher term. Doubt less he to the victim of. the wily and secret misrepresentations of that certain local sponsor, whoever he was, that coached him on Oregon conditions. Only one newspaper of importance in any northwestern city is for. Mr. Cox. Most California papers are against him. Does Mr. Cox think that there is a common duty of Journalists to stand together? If so. how about his persistent, ill-devised. Ill-natured, impolite, unethical and groundless assaults on his fellow- editor, Mr. Harding. American agriculture will be destroyed. It cannot endure on such prices as have been paid during the past year. . In time the southwestern growers, who have been lamentably alow to awaken, may learn that they must organize politically if they are to drive out the gamblers who now juggle prices, and that the non partisan league plan offers the only way out. It is not sufficient In fighting the league to expose its fallacies, its waste. Its socialist character and its disloyal leadership. An adequate alternative must be offered which will better remedy the evils that it professes to cure and which will confer the benefits that it pretends to give. The Co-operative marketing system is recommended at the same time by the American Farm Bureau federation, composed of practical farmers, and by Senator Flarding, who is something of a farmer him self, though he has not so much as Governor Cox to say about stone bruises. It. is an eminently Ameri can plan, for by it farmers combine their individual effort, to help them selves by helping each other, and it does not require construction of a costly but inefficient government machine. By contrast the league system Is of distinctly foreign origin. which in perfect flower is proving a disastrous failure in Russia; it is un- suited to the American character and it divides those who should be united in common devotion lo a com mon country. If the size of his subscription measures his desire for the success of his party. President Wilson's anxi ety for the election of Cox in 1920 is only one-fifth as great as that, for s own election-in 1916. Perhaps he does not believe the country needs Cox more than one-fifth as badly as it needed himself; perhaps he thinks the nation needs chastisement for having embarrassed him with a re fractory senate, or he may think the democratic party would make a fail ure without himself to lead it. and perhaps he hates to back a loser. We could go on speculating without limit, but the impressive fact is that Mr. Wilson put up $2500 to elect himself, but only $500 to elect Cox. There's a little valley in southern Wasco where they grow pretty much all one needs outside of Paradise, and for years it has had a fair that was more than satisfactory in ex hibits and all els: but this year the county fair at The Dalles rather overshadowed it until a week or two ago. Then the people of Tygh Valley decided to go ahead with their show, claimed a date, and are hustling to the usual finish. That's the proper spirit. BY-PRODUCTS OF THE TIMES. Needs of Small Towns Are Xow Re ' cclvlna; More Attention. Despite the fact that 8,000,000 Americans live in villages, the needs of the'small town have not received due attention, declares the Minneapo lis Journal. This conviction prompted the bureau of municipal research in Whitman college to gather data on village needs. One hundred and thirty mayors of villages claiming from 300 to 3000 inhabitants responded to the question, "What do you think your town most needs?" One mayor replies that two or three funerals would most benefit his 'vil lage, while another wants fewer I. W. W.'s. Some of the answers call for better public buildings, more pav ing and sewerage, while others ask for more "live wires." A few of the mayors would like to have more schools, parks, lights and hospitals. TJie total number demanding public improvements is 65. Few of the village mayors note any such house famine as is troubling the large cities. Most of them are im pressed wholly by the material needs of their towns. Only 34 speak of any moral or intellectual shortcomings, and few express any desire for li braries or better amusements. V The American village today faces the problem of existence. And yt the small town offers unprecedented opportunities. The town-meeting plan originated in the email towns of New England The people gathered, discussed their affairs and appointed officers to carry out their will. The clue to greater success in the management of villages lies, perhaps, in retracing the way to direct communal action of this sort. And then the small town offers un excelled opportunities for neighborll ness and friendship. A poem recently reprinted in the Journal sings the praises of Those Who Come and Go. Why anybody should want to sco a man hanged is one of the unsolv able problems. A atieriff who has such an affair in prospect can be excused on the ground of learning how to do it; but since the state attends to the task, even that officer need not be present. Warden Comp- ton does well to deny requests. Free eight years, a prisoner who escaped from Salem, where he was serving from one to five years, has been, retaken. Hrf ought to be glad of it. His eight years of fear of re capture must have been worse than the time he should have served. While the divorce courts show how easy it is to ' get married, the wonder is that anybody bites on a mail proposition. There is one good, old-fashioned way to marriage that sticks, and it is hardly necessary to tell it- . Professor Irving' Fisher, Tale econ omist, predicts that the republicans will be snowed under by a demo cratic landslide. ' In view of what has already happened in Maine, he'd better stick to economics. Financial conditions in the orient are such that failures are being re ported every day, according to A. Ia. Fenton of Yokohama, who is at the Multnomah. Mr. Fenton is an im porter and. exporter of steel and iron in Japan. , The financial crisis, par ticularly in Japan, he explains, is due to speculation. The break began when the raw silk market went to pieces ar few months ago. This car ried to ruin scores of banks and im poverished thousands of business con cerns and Individuals. The situation was very grave when Mr. Fenton sailed for the United States, but he says that there is hope that in the near future normal conditions will be restored. Adjustment and retrench ment is being undertaken and in practically all lines new business is rigidly avoided. The money market stands at a deadlock, as it did last March, and the official report of the department of agriculture and com merce says the bankers' attitude is one of extreme caution and fear. The stock market is practically lifeless, the volume of daily transactions hardly going beyond 50,000 shares. with operators becoming disgusted and apathetic. When Colonel X. W. Flaisig's un'on command was surrounded by an over whelming number of confederates. commanded by his brother, the fed eral officer, in reply to an order for surrender, sent this note: "'Colonel N. N. Flaisig will please accept the compliments of his brother Bill, who wants to say that if you take these forces it will be after one of the d st fights you ever had. The confederates attacked and were routed w'th great losses and the con federate colonel was captured by his younger brother Bill. Colonel Bill Flaisig is at the Hotel Portland. He sells needles and has been on the road for one house since 1858. save for the war period. . He has been in every country and his circled the globe seven times and traveled a million miles. The record of Colonel Flaisig as a traveling man is probably with out parallel. However, owing to the The little, small-town sympathy thatlline of soods he carries, he does not runs across the fields In 1lue-checked gingham aprons, and with flour on its hands. That bakes and brews, and sweeps and dusts, that wakeful serves and shields The little, small-town sympathy that knows and understands. This, indeed, is a pearl of great price, too often lacking in city life. While the London Daily Mirror boasts of having received photographs pocket wallet contains a complete as sortment of samples. With improved transportation fa cilities between the coast and the Hawaiian islands, the hotel managers In Honolulu are expecting a record breaking business the coming winter. For the past couple of years, due to war conditions and a shortage of passenger ships, the travel to the inlands fell off. although at that the ships which did touch at the islands were carrying all the passengers which their licenses permitted. A. C by cable, the London Daily Mail has Luke of Honolulu, at the Multnomah, Glen Sawyer did naturally what any father will do when he saw his little daughter adrift- in a boat. Though he knew he was not much of a swimmer, he did his besL and lost his life. SOCIAL RKVOLITION IK ITALY. ivunds ot Americans are so occu pied with their own affairs that th industrial revolution which is i progress in Italy has not received the attention that its importance de serves. By seizing the metal works and holding them with arms, also by threatening to wreck them if at tacked, the workmen have forced th government to intervene and to ar range that they shall share in control of the industries. ! This is socialism in practice, and it comes at the same time as British labor threatens a general coal strike. supported ty railroad and transport . workers, to compel nationalization of - .1 l.Al. . . . .. 1 1 inline, cii'i . iiviivio uut a. Buiiuar menace to prevent military aid to Poland". It is a result of the pre tended . triumph of communism in Russia r-though in fact Russian labor has been gnslaved by the most grind ing oligarchy and of the recent visit of a delegationof Italian social ists to that country. The revolt has ' been hastened by the economic trou- hla, nf Ttalv- 1 1 i .- .. n.nt.11.111... , . l . T VI . ........ ' V. 1. . 1 . 1 III. llVllllfllle prices, the same is true in only less degree as to imported materials, and depreciation of the currency aggra vates these evils. Socialism has taken a stronger hold on the Italian .. working people than on those of other countries of western Europe, and a combination of causes has In stigated them to action. We cannot expect that the movement will not ' extend to other industries the peas- . .- . , . . . , . -. . i , i i ' and a social revolution is afoot. TheYe lias been moderation, evpn in this radical movement. In Russia factories were confiscated and both . owners and managers were driven out, workmen undertaking to run the business, only to realize their Incapacity and call the executives back. Italian workmen seem to rec- The success of the non-partisan league among the farmers Is due to conviction that present methods of marketing crops are too costly 'and are marKeci Dy exaction and specu lation on the part of middlemen. As substitute the league gives North Dakota and offers other states system where the state stores and markets crops and lends money on them. -The fruitgrowers of California and to a large extent those of the other Pacific states and of some southern states have formed voluntary asso ciations to pack and market their crops, and in California these asso ciations market 88 per cent of the raisins, 83 per cent of the prunes and 96 per cent of the berries. The league plan is managed by men who have won distinction as political organizers and orators, and it is. promoted by inspiring class hatred among farmers toward mer chants, brokers, millers and bankers. San Francisco has had to cut down its streetcar" service to save -electricity, because the streams from which li gets. its power are so low. After all, ji. rainy climate has compensations. The cost of living is coming down. A local bakery announces its dough nuts at five cents less a dozen. Though not statod, it is presumed the size of the hole remains the same. JIU'K OF THE GRAPE. Sale of fermented grape juice in fourth-rate soft drink bars has brought to municipal court the same old company of thralls to alcohol. Their plight proves that the price of prohibition is eternal vigilance. 1 It is overloaded with officials at high Drunkenness will not be downed in a salaries who have no skill in the line day. 'Hut it does, not prove that prohibition is unsuccessful. Quite to the contrary it offers proof that the thirsty are forced to seek less potent substitutes, that have not yet been spotted and suppressed by the authorities. The fact that it over comes its devotees, this mild but ef ficacious drink in itself serves as an aid to prohibitory enforcement by exposing the source of supply. Jail of business that they conduct and who lack incentive to good service since their retention in office depends on political influence, not on business ability and business success. Co-operative marketing associa tions employ good business men of proved ability and skill to manage their affairs, and these men have every incentive to give good service. managing affairs with economy and sentences and finesowill remove both efficiency, widening t,he market and pleasure and profit for the appre- maKing money ror the producers. If hended vendors of fermented grape ! they do not, they lose their jobs, for juice and will make this beverage as hard to find as are the whiskies and brandies of yesteryear. Grape Juice, as a healthful, invig orating drink, is probably all that Mr. Daniels and Mr. Bryan have declared it to be, in its unfermented state. The unscrupulous vendors have taken advantage of its fair re pute, stored it away until the proc ess of fermentation evolved the kick." and blandly proffered it a a soft drink. Thus they have had the comforting knowledge that crusaders would pass it by as harmless, while the wise old taproom loungers would slink in and quaff a glass to mem ory, led by infallible instinct straight to the forbidden fount. Fermented grape juice, as the north end parlors dispense it, is merely the cheapest of cheap wine. Were it prune juice, or loganberry, or the rich fluid from a two-quart jar of peaches, subjected to the same process of fermentation, the result would be the same. There is noth ing novel about this thrifty and un lawful recourse to it. The weakest plea in court is for the dealer to protest that he was unaware of its alcoholic content. Sinbad, in his adventure with the Old Man of the Sea, crushed wild grapes in a gourd business results are the sole test. The evils from which farmers suf fer, whether in the fruit belt of the Pacific coast or in the wheat belt of the middle west, are due to lack of efficiency and economy. Tliey are offered two alternative methods the league plan of North Dakota and the co-operative plan of the coast. The success of the co-operative plan is proved, by the fact that the league has been unable to gain a foothold in California, where co-operation is most extensively practiced, and that its greatest strength is in states where lhat system is almost un. known. Co-operation has the fur her recommendation that, instead of inflaming farmers with class hat red for the business men of the cities and towns, who are their customers, it extends, its system to consumers, benefits them also, and thus binds together producers and consumers in friendship. How the league Is using the bait of higher prices for wheat to be ob tained through political co-operation is indicated by the following from the Fargo Courier-News, a league organ: Farmers are becoming more aroused tha ever before to the necessity of oowibinl if they are to secure justice in the markets. They have to untie or, at the present rate. The best engineers in the country report the Burnside bridge is good for several years. The old bridge was one of the first official jobs and good work was put into lt The dangers of automobiling are not all in speeding. There is the case of the man in Texas whose head was blown off by explosion of the tire he was inflating. The writer of a letter to The Ore gonian declares that all Candidate Cox's ideas are borrowed. The whole batch of them doesn't leave h4m much in debt, either. Officially it has been determined the fire at Klamath Falls was caused by rubbish. Are there other hotels in the state that have rubbish to burn? The women of Condon are deter mined to elect a full set of city offi cials, just to assert their right, of course. Go to it, sisters; it is your right. v The Scotch are reported to, fear a soviet plot to seize their coal mines. If there really is any danger, a few volleys of highballs should remove it. The man in Argentina supposed to be Leroy, the trunk murderer, turned out to be the one he said he was. His finger prints saved his neck. given news aseignments to its report ers by wireless telephone. One of the staff of the Mail was halted recently in Hempstead Heath by a voice from the upper air ordering him to report a fire at Bishopsgate. Though he wore a "light loop aerial,"- an instru ment of about the size of a corset, and at times held a receiver to his ear, the voices he caught were spirit voices the spirit voices of a new age. Wireless telephony is a socializing influence of high effectiveness. No longer can man escape the supervision of friend wife. Even in the depths of Africa he can be assailed by aerial voices bidding him not to stay out too late and not to take off his chol era band- Inevitably men are drawing to gether. The occult magnetism of civ ilization increases. The wireless tele phone is an instrument, devised by hu man destiny to solidify the human race. It is part of the irresistible cen tripetal energy of civilization. m The peculiarity of the cardinal's hat is that it Is not intended to be worn. On one occasion only is it to be seen on the head of a cardinal, and that is when the pope himself places it. there as a symbol of its owner's elevation to the sacred college. When th cardinal dies it is placed upon his coffih. The hat is of a deeper red than that or the robe worn by a cardinal. It has long heavy silken cords, each with 15 tassels at the end, hanging on either side. There are at present three "red hats" in Westminster ca thedral. They are those of Cardinals Wiseman. Manning and Vaughan. The crimson robes, which, like the hat. denote the cardinal's office, ere made of a cloth which for several generations past has been supplied by firm of cloth merchants at Burt scheid, near Aix-la-Chapelle. The process by which the dye is distilled is a jealously guarded secret. ' m m In these days of high prices, when everything in general and shirts in particular are so dear, it makes one envy the natives of New Granada, ho are" provided with ready made shirts free of charge. 'The Song of the Shirt" is not ap plicable in Oronoko, which is situa ted on the Cerra Drida slope. New Granada, for it is there that the na tives wear nature's ready-made shirts. No stftches are needed in these shirts, and as they grow they are carefully watched until they have become large enough to be utilized for clothing purposes. The marina tree is shirt-producing, palm, cies of tropical palm. fiborous red bark. When an Indian wants a shirt, all he has to do is to cut off a peice of one of these palms, about eighteen Inches or thereabouts in diameter. He next removes the bark, taking par. ticular care that he does not cut it in any way, and tnus ne now pos sesses a hollow cylinder of flexible bark, which somewhat resembles sack without a bottom. He -next makes a small slit in each side for his arms to go through, and nature's ready-made shirt, which re quires no stitching nor laundering, is complete. tLondon Answers.) brings word hotel men. of the hopes ot the Two chaplains are enough for any stiit e institution, and in most of them thy service might be volunteered by clergymen with zeal. 'Wilson's contribution shows his idea of Cox's chances, and what's the use of sending good money after bad? , Mr. Bryan should cheer up. His heart may still be in the grave, but so are Governor Cox's chances. California must be a little envious of the spot that "enjoyed" a quake that lasted two hours. Jack Johnson has been put away for a year .at last. Going to Pendleton? to go. Good place the wonderful it being a spe- having a thin The sportsman strode into a poul terer's shop, and with the air of a man who meant, business, said: "Can you sell me a nice, plump pheasant?" i "I'm sorry, I have not a pheasant left, sir," replied the shopman, "but here are some fine sausages that I can highly recommend. I'm sure your wife will be delighted with them." "Sausages be blowed!" yelled the sportsman. "How can I tell my wife I shot sausages?" Los Angeles Times. He hated having his photograph taken but his wife, indirectly, had force'd him to undergo the"" much dreaded ordeal. Whe she saw the pho tograph she "cried out in horror, "Oh, George, you have only one button on your coat!" "Thank heavens," replied friend husband, "you've noticed it at last. That's why I had the photograph taken." San Francisco Argonaut- Gophers and moles In Oregon have an arch-enemy m Vernon Bailey, who arrived with Mrs. Bailey from Washington, D. C. yesterday. Mr. Bailey is assistant United States biologist and is making a survey of the mole and gopher situation in the Beaver state. If Mr. Bailey can give ure-fire remedy for ridding lawns of moles lie will confer a boon oh several thousand Portlarrd household ers. Mr. Bailey is at the Benson. Before the days of prohibition Crescent City, Cal., was a wild, wet town. There were more saloons than there were grocery stores or butcher shops. Wherfprohibition finally .over took Crescent City a bartender walked out to the end of the long wharf in the harbor and Jumped into the bay. Crescent City is now adjusting itself to the dry era. B. C. Kndert, from Crescent City, is an arrival at the Hotel Oregon. Tn 21 day Mr. and Mrs. John H. Miller have covered the distance from Chicago to Portland by automobile. They could have made the 'trip in four days by train, but tney wouion i have had so much fun. Mr. Miller is real estate dealer and intends re maining on the Pacific coast lor tne winter rather than face the storms which sweep Michigan boulevard and the rest of Chicago. Shanghai, China, is about the live liest spot in the orient. It has the r.in and DeD Ot a inorouaniy cucum- politan city and Is in snarp contrast to Hongkong, according to j-i. ur- shall Sanderson, who is registered at the Multnomah from Shanghai. In Hongkong there are conservativeness and sedateness foreign to Shanghai. Ttoosevelt. Wash., is represented at the ImDpriat by Mrs. J. Lugenbuhl. while Taft, Or., Is represented at tne MuiinAmih bv H. P. George. ROose- velt 1 a short distance DacK irom the Columbia river. Dut to ream Taft one must go to Grand Ronde. then cut over about 36 miles toward the coast and then journey down tne coast half a dozen miles. To examine the Malheur lake bird rMprVA H. t . istone ot lYHniiiiiiwii, r c . arrived in Oregon and is .t th. Renson. iHe is with trie mam m.t anfl bira preservation ourenii. nhn. th Malheur lake proposition Is not the only reason for his advent in the state, it will receive his pro fessional attention. With h's wife, three boys and a dog, L. E. Jxjomis ot ucean r-arn.. Wash., is at the Perkins. Mr. Looinis. who is areal estate dealer in tne North Beach region, is the son or l.. A. Loomis, who used to do. most ot the operating and managing force of the little railroad which trickled its way along the beach years ago. Know has already set 'n at Glacier park and cut short the season, reports Robert Mcsworiey. who ui ucc.i perlntendent of service and train master at the park for the past five vears. M r. .Mcowonej, w ou . M,,lt nomah FSYS that It was a grca.1 season for tourists at the park. On his way to China to combat the philosophy of Confucius. Bishop L J. Birney and nis wub ... Seward from Boston. The Bishop nas been recently appo-ntea to station and leaves on the F.mness of Russia this-week irom Vancouver. B. C. Long Creek is rather remote from Portland, but Mr. and Mrs A F. Meyer were willing to make the trip to see what the Rose City looks like after a long absence Mr Meyer is a merchant at Long Creek. Or. The couple Is registered at tne oev.i.u. He is the mayor, the chief of po lice, the banker, the merchant and all the' rest at Lone Rock, Or., is John Madden, who is at the Seward for a few days. Mr. Madden s a sort of e plurlbus unum at home. All the way from Devil's Lake. N IX, comes the Baker family by automobile. The party consists of V. A Baker, Mrs. Baker and the five Baker children. They chugged up to the Perkins and registered yesterday. Honeymoontrs at the Nortortia are Mr and Mrs. R. M. Wood of Bend. Mr. Wood is chief clerk of the Pilot Butte inn and the bride was formerly Miss Phyllis Painter of Salem. r. A. Walmsey, who is a timber op erator at Kelso, Wash., is among the arrivals at the Perkins. W. W. Baker, who is a banker at Walla Walla, Wash., Is registered at the Benson. t COTTSfTIlY'S CONDITION VIEWED Prosperity and Soundness in All Sec tions Shown by Survey. A most instructive survey of the condition of the country, industrial, agricultural, financial and political, has been made by the Fidelity & Cas ualty company of Baltimore, primar ily tor the information of its directors but finally for general information. Instructions were sent to 900 of its representatives to interview bankers. morchants, professional men, farmers, industrial leaders and chambers of commerce and telegraph a consensus of their views. These were tabulated on September 15 in the shape of an swers to 32 questions, divided among nine sections of the country. Bearing on industry, the first ques tion is whether building operations are increasing or decreasing. They are increasing in New England, south Atlantic, east south central Ken tucky, Tennessee, Mississippi and Alabama west south central Arkan sas, Louisiana, Texas and Oklahoma and the Pacific coast, and decrcas ing in the middle Atlantic, north ccn tral and mountain divisions. In al most all sections the most activity is in building low-price dwellings warehouses usually ranking next, then factories and stores. The west norm central division the grander states reports high-grade dwellings and apartments, and the west south central and mountain states erect of fice buildings. Cost of labor has risen since 1919 most on the Atlantic coast and in the north central states, the range beinir irom xu to bu per cent in three divi sions, 20 to 40 per cent in another, 10 to 40 Br cent in yet another. In the central south the rise has been 5 to 50 per cent. The mountain region shows 5 to 30, the Pacific coast 10 to iv. But this increase in wages has not been accompanied by Increase in productivity per man anywhere ex cept in one part of the middle west and there it is but slight. There l. shortage of labor in the middle Allan tic and a slight shortage in the south Atlantic states, but nowhere else i it reported. Nor is there evidenc of unemployment except that -it i slight in the middle Atlantic division Almost everywhere wholesalers and ret.-iilersrcsard the prospect for fall anu winter as good, the exception being 'uncertain'' In the middle At lanttc. 'fair to good" In the east north central and mountain divisions. Man ufacturlng plants are well filled wit orders everywhere except that New n-ngland reports some cancellation and the west south centra divisio answers "jo." Nowhere Is thcr suen shortage of raw material would curtail production, but ther is a positive shortafte of coal through out the east, middle west and Foutl tnougn only slight on the south At lantic. Only In the mountain and I'a fine divisons Is there no shortage enortatre or freight cars is bclrir sub More Truth Than Poetry. By James J. Montague. MortftTsisres. A grandmother sits by the window. With tremulous tears on her cheek. And says with a sigh that she knows she will die From grief and starvation next week. The audience -weeps on beholdlns? The woe that has furrowed her brow. And the air of despair that Is regis tered there Because she has mortgaged the cow. The artist bends over the cello (Or tuba or trombone, mayhap). And you see at a glance that he hasn't a change From the pallor that's spread on his map. He might have won fame and a for tune. For at classical stuff he's a bear. But, alas, he will not: he complied with the plot And foolishly mortgaged his hair. The gambler looks down at the river. While the gallery gazes aghast. For it's painfully clear that his lurid career Will soon be a thinjr of the oist And yet he has rings on his fingers. And also a horse-choking roll. And he only has need of this desper ate deed Because he has mortgaged his soul. Oh, Mortgage! Oh, terrible Mort gage: The most of us start ud in bed When we think of your Doner snd shudder and cower In deep and perspiring dread! We are taught from our earliest childhood To shrink at the sound of name. Too would never be missed if vou didn't exist. But 'twould bust up the playwr't ing game! Propheer. Lloyd George would have been rieht had he said to MacSwinev, This will hurt me more than it will you. your Canny. The reds are invading they keep out of Fiume. Italy, but A fhanffed Man. The ex-kaiser is dodging photogra phers, fie used to decorate 'era. tCopyrlght, 19l!0. by the Bell Syndi cate. Inc.) In Other Days. sittniiHiiy reoucc in all divisions ex cept the. south central and mountai divisions, where the improvement Slight, and general transportatio ronaiiions are Improving overywh industrial concerns carry larg aiuuums ot tneir customers naDer wic oasiern nair or tne country ex cept the middle Atlantic, but not I tne west south central and Pacifl ana tney discount their bills in all I divisions except the west south tral. The whole country opposes cov ernment ownership of railroads. Gen nrai co-operative movement are fu vored in the middle Atlantic, we north central, south central and A nnnc. oiipr'sea in cew I'.ngland an Pacific and divided in the east nori central. The condition of farmer in nil tions is pronounced good, and the are well supplied with fjjnds every wnere. except in tne west north cen tral division, where oronH nri hmK., They are favorable to co-onerative movements in all, sections except the Pacific division, where sentiment is growing favorable. The recent drop in grain prices has had no effect ex cept that in the east north at.d mountain divisions farmers hold crops, and in the mountain region de pression results. In all parts of the country banks have funds to lend. Rates of inter est are 6 to S per cent in all sec tions, except that 8 to 10 per rent rules in west south cenlrnl and Pa cific divisions and 8 to 12 per cent in the mountain region. Banks are wen loaned up everywhere. Deposits nave increased during the last six months throughout the east inri mid dle west, the west south central and r-acine divisions, are stationary in the south Atlantic and east south central -and nave decreased in the mountain division. Corporation ac counts are stationary generallv. hut have increased iji the middle Atlan tic and south central divisions. In dividual savings accounts have in creased throughout the country. Al most everywhere the excess profits tax is condemned, but a sales tax as a substitute is favored decidedly only in JSew Lngland. middle Atlantic and east norm central divisions, la op posed in the mountain region and opinion is divided in all other divi sions. Tirenty-flve Years Aro, Km-n The Orecronlaji of Sortero'ber 22. 1o. Tacoma The Multnomah Amateur Athletic club won first honors at the championship games of the Pacific Northwest association of the Amateur Athletic union, taking nine of 1j firsts. A verdict of manslaughter wa? re turned by the jury in the Lllaworth murder trial. United States Senator McESride ar rived yesterday, going to St. Helens by boat in the evening. St. Johns. N. F. The steamer Kite has arrived here having aboard Lieu tenant Peary, who failed in his at tempt to make a land expeditiun northward. Fifty Venn. Ago. Krom The Oremnian of September 22, 170. Florence Rome has been occupied hy the Italian army without blood shed, the pope having forbidden resistance. Three young met of the city a few days aco captured a deer in a hand hand encounter. The Whistler and Live Tankee have th gone to sea with full cargoes for San Francisco. PARDON NOT FITI.L RUCOMPHA SH State Should Pay Men Jailed and Then Found Innocent. GOLDEN-DA LB, Wash., Sept. 20. (To the Kditor.) The governor of Oregon has probably done what he considers his whole duty in freeing fencer and Branson and has m-ob ably done about all he can do under existing laws althuuzh, as he admits. it nas taken nim a long time to act after having made up his mind that lender was Innocent. But the question arises very strong ly in my mind as to whether society has done its full duty when it taken nine years from en innocent man's life and then turns him loose bare handed with the impression that it is doing him full justice. A man tiither Innocent or guilty. If guiltv he ought not to be pardoned without some good and sufficient reason. But f he is innocent he deserves not onlv pay for his lost time but something for his suffering and loss of reputa tion. We probably have the best govern ment in the world, but the only way to keep it best is to administer full Justice to all of its citizens and it seems to me that in our system of trying supposed criminals we fall far short of this. Sometimes an innocent man i convicted and although this may not very often happen it is" the common practice to keep a man penned up ror weeks and sometimes months awaiting trial, (especially he chances to be a man not rich enough to furnish bail), finally to be found not guilty and turned loose with more or less stain On his reputation and not a red cent in his pocket to show for all of his loss of time and trouble. Why should one innocent man be made to suffer more than another be cause some crime haj been committed by some one else. 11 Is necessary of course to hold men awaiting trial and innocent persons wiU sometimes be convicted but it setmn to me. when they are found to have been, innocen there ought to be some way provided bv law to pay them well for thei time and suffering. If the state i tinable to determine a person's guili or innocence immediately and with out causing him inconvenience then the burden ou:rht to be borne by the state as a whole and not by the vie tim. It too often happens that of ficials will juggle a man's life and happiness to bolster up their own i pulitical reputations. I , J. C. BUKER, AinM,AH COJIPANY WAS UIPEIJ ConDlTsnee In Dropping: t.eaf1es Over Clly Denic-d by Manager. PORTLAND. Sept. 20. To the Edi tor: Last Saturday evening, Septem ber IS, my attention was called to an article in your newspaper headed 'Theaters Attacked by Using Sea plane" and followed by an unsigned criticism addressed to you. Sunday morning in a later edition of your paper this criticism was duplicated, but was signed. As manager of the Oregon. Wash ington and Idaho Airplane company I wish to offer this statement and apol ogy to the public and particularly any responsible business interests or indi vidual affected by the dropping of leaflets from one of our flying boats by an unknown party. While Mr. H. C. Charlton, assistant manager, and myself were absent. from the company s field the purchaser of an airplane ride over the city ap peared, presented his ticket to our pilot on duty at that time, who imme diately honored said ticket, as he should have doife. The pilot noted a package of leaflets carried, but saw no objection to their being dropped. presuming a permit had been secured from the proper authority, and po one connected with this company had any knowledge of any printing on said leaflets until one was picked up from a street. As manager of the Oregon, Wash ington and Idaho Aplane company I strongly resent any implication or in sinuation by any newspaper or indi vidual to the effect that this company connived with the distributor of these leaflets "to break the law. The public will judge them, as well as this company, correctly. V. VKRXOX, Manager Oregon, Washington and Idaho Airplane Company. JKFFERSON I" FRANCE IX 17S7 Mr. Cox S-t Klpht as to the Making of the Constitution. PORTLAND. Sept. 21. (To the Edi tor): The Oregonian says "Governor Cox cannot be accurate about even so simple a fact as the length of Presi dent Wilson's illness." Of course not. Inaccuracy in his middle name. In his Portland speech he said that "Thomas Jefferson wrote the billof rights in the American constitution and gave the people the right of as sembly." etc. The truth is that Jefferson was in France from 1TS4 until 1789 five ycars and had nothing whatever to do with the formation of the consti tution. He was a great statesman, to be sure, but there were others Washington, Madison. Hamilton and a few such men who were more or les prominent in that day. . The constitutional convention eat and did Its work in 1787. Have a heart. Governor Cox. T. T. GEEK. In Gratitude for an Omlxnion Klehtrd. PORTLAND, Sept. 21. (To the Edi tor.) We are always ready to com plain when things are not right are we just as ready to say "thank you" when they are righted? This reminds me how I hated to pass the union depot before June of this year. 1 always thought and many times said:- "It's a disgrace to Portland beautiful." I always no ticed it. and now as I pass it from day to day I can't help saying: "How attractive," and thanks to the one who made it so. I am grateful each day for just such and many other things and want to voice it., I M. H. M. '