6
THE MORNING OREGONIAX, MONDAY, JULY 2G, 102O
ESTABI.ISHEO BY HENRY I- P1TTOCK.
Published by The OreKonlan Publishing Co.,
VJi Sixth Street, Portland, Ori-Kon.
C A. MC8UEX, E. B. P1PKR.
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J'ENALTV OF KAILROAI BLCSDEBS.
Though the railroads have been in
tl-e hands of their owners for almost
five months, the cost of government
operation continues to pile up. Final
settlement of claims of railroad com
panies for the standard return guar
anteed by law and for deferred main
tenance expense has only begun, and
tlitre will be a heavy bill for guar
anteed income for the six months
"-following March 1. The total amount
which the government will have paid
. out without possibility of recovery
" i3 estimated at Jl, 500, 000,000. The
government will also have invested
about $1,200,000,000 in railroad se
curities, payment of which will run
from one to fifteen years.
This is the price of the lack of
statesmanship, of yielding to dema
gogy, which marked the course of
the government for the last five
years before the war. Good policy
dictated that the railroads be per
mitted to earn enough revenue to
enable them, to expand as traffic in
creased, and that at'the same tims
Ihey be brought under strict regula
tion and that crimes of high finance
and mismanagement be punished.
But the New Haven and Alton crimi
nals went free and in the effort to
punish the railroads the government
punished the people by depriving
them of the facilities necessary to
carry their traffic. That billion and
a half is the penalty which the peo
ple pay.
Though the inefficiency of the
government In regulating the rail
roads has thus been demonstrated,
many intelligent people want it to
own and operate them. It is a safe
prediction that, if it should, the de
lays which had such disastrous re
sults in the war period would be mul
tiplied tenfold. The present conges
tion of traffic is a legacy of govern
ment operation and was aggravated
by delay at the very time of return
to private .operation. The labor dis
i pute was acute on March 1. made so
by delay on the part of Director-General
Hines, but President Wilson de
layed for six weeks the appointment
of the railroad labor board. - That
' delay provoked the outlaw strikes
which have blockaded eastern termi
nals with cars, and the blockade con
tinues. Under government operation
'delays, would be the regular practice,
for the typical bureaucrat above all
dreads deciding questions, because
. . he fears to decide wrong, not having
tie moral courage to take the risk
IHE REI rERIL OF POLAND.
The bolshevist peril which threat
ned Europe six months ago has be
come imminent, and the allies are
new about to do what they then re
fused to do go to the rescue of
Poland. France was willing to move
then, but Britain held back. The
British labor unions were at that
time so infatuated with what they
called a workingman's republic in
Russia that they were prepared to go
to any lengths to prevent active hos
tilities against it. From motives of
xpediency and in the hope of peace
and of relief from food scarcity by
opening trade with Russia, Lloyd
George induced France to consent to
commercial negotiations. He seem
to have learned that Russia had little
or nothing to export and was mak
ing trade relations a vehicle for se-
curing recognition of the soviet, i
fact of which he was amply warned.
He now faces the menace that
Poland will be overwhelmed and
that the bolshevists will join hands
across the frontier with the inde
pendent socialists of Germany. This
party quadrupled its strength in the
new reichstag. The people's party,
-composed of the plutocratic mon
archists, gained equally arid is
trongly represented in the present
cabinet. The independent socialists
would probably be ready to join the
spurtacists in a revolution to over
turn that government with the help
cf the Russian red army. The red
flood would then flow over Germany
tc the Rhine, and all the power of
the allies might be needed to prevent
it from pouring westward over Bel
gium, Holland, France and Italy. If
this should happen, nothing could
pi event an outbreak of radicalism in
Pritain. It would surely flow south
ward over Roumania, the Danubiarf
states and the Balkan peninsula.
European civilization would be in
danger of extinction by the vilest
- barbarism. This prospect has awak
ened Britain to the fact that Poland
has been fighting the battle of civil
ization.
Fortunately Lenin has played Into
Lloyd George's hand, so that he may
now do what he formerly found im
possible. After repeated refusals he
last spring granted passports for a
British labor delegation to visit Rus
sia and investigate conditions there.
The delegates were guests of honor,
but they saw enough to cool their en
thusiasm for the dictatorship of the
proletariat, though care was taken
that they should not see too much
' and should not talk with people who
'. would tell unpleasant truths. Lenin
asked them to prevent shipment of
munitions to Poland, and-they asked
for proof that such shipments were
made. After their return to England
' lie wrote them a long, bitterly sar
' rustic letter ridiculing this request
for proof, saying that it was in pos
session of the British government
ana actually urging them to start T.
revolution in order to obtair. it. Their
reports were decidedly unfavorable,
though they still recommended trade
and recognition. At the Vecent trade
union congress a proposal to affi
liate with Lenin's third international
was voted down by a majority of
twelve to one. British labor is losing
its illusion about the beauties of bol
shevism. When called upon to pro
vide men and munitions for the pur
pose of beating back the new inva
sion of the barbarians, it may now
respond.
THE 0"LY KOAD TO PEACE.
AVhat prospect of peace and of co
operation of the United States with
other nations In preserving peace
that being the main object of the
league is offered by the' democratic
platform and by the pledge of Gov
ernor Cox to continue President
Wilson's policy? Mr. Wilson has de
clared article 10 to be the heart of
the covenant; the platform, in saying
that the reservations were "designed
to cut to pieces the vital provisions
of the Versailles treaty," evidently
refers particularly to that article.
The reservation to article 10 is the
one on which the republicans were
nearest united and mosfunyielding.
Then if Mr.'Cox shoulH be elected,
he could not accept that reservation,
and the republicans could not aban
don it. He would hold in line with
him the ' main body of democrats,
but they could not muster a two
thirfis majority. Twenty-one demo
cratic senators voted with the repub
licans for reservations, but seven
more votes were needed to ratify
the treaty with those provisos. The
influence of a newly elected demo
cratic president would prevent more
from joining them and might win
over some of the democratic reserva
tionists to the stand-pat Wilson
policy.
If Senator Harding should be
elected and if'he should again send
the Versailles treaty to the senate
with recommendations that reserva
tions in line with those of Senator
Lodge be attached to the resolution
of ratification, it is highly probable
that the necessary two-thirds ma
jority would' be secured.- Only seven
more votes were needed "last March
to carry ratification according to re
publican policy. The democrats were
so disposed to compromise that al
most half of them voted for that
policy, and nothing but the influence
of the president, exerted to the limit,
prevented many more from joining
them. With a republican In the
White House working In free consul
tation with the senate, the repub
licans would be united and executive
pressure would be exerted to lead
the democrats in the direction in
which they are already inclined to
go. The prospects are good that the
treaty and the league would be
promptly ratified if Harding were
elected. The only prospect offered
by democratic victory is continuation
of the deadlock.
THE RETURN TO NORMAL.
Book publishers "in both England
and the United Slates who are said
to have detected a recession of inter
est in the occult, and who are de
clining to publish more books on the
general subject, may have been
moved by the recent warnings of Sir
Oliver Lodge, himself a convert to
spiritualism, that the topi'e with
which he deals is filled with potential
dangers, and that it is not one to be
recklessly approached by every im
pressionable and credulous seeker
after new sensations. A remnant of
the scientist of old persists in . Sir
Oliver, He still believes that the
spirit of impartial investigation is
everything. As for himself, he has
been convinced but is unwilling to
dogmatize. Research and not emo
tionalism must be depended on to de
termine the issue in the end.
Sir Oliver sees the peril of ungov-
erned and ungovernable gullibility.
Better the old faiths that made men
ztrong than a queer superstition
clung to without reason. As John G.
Saxe, poet of ' another generation,
wrote:
Time was when men bereaved of vital
breath
Were calm and silent In the realms of
death.
When mortals dead and decently In-urned
Were heard no more, no traveler returned.
Now all Is changed
the
musty maxim
the strangest
falls
And dead men .do repeat
tales.
The undesirable harvest of his own
propaganda the quacks and the
charlatans that prey on the weak
willed, the psychologically unstable
and the grief-stricken is as apparent
to Lodge himself as to any close ob
server on the side lines of the great
controversy. It is perhaps a sign
that as the gap widens between
his own bereavement and the ac
tualities of the present, as the
perspective becomes clearer, he him
self finds it possible to regard the
problem in a new aspect. Time is a
great physician. Not ready to recant.
it may be, however, that the scientist
sees more clearly the consequences
panic - stricken departure from
better-trodden paths. We have been
too long laying the bogies of ancient
superstitions, the hobgoblin and the
voodoo man, to substitute for them
nothing better than the dark cabinet
and the ouija board.
uemana tor books about the su
pernatural" wanes as sanity returns.
The world resumes the level of nor
mality. Sir Oliver's . warning is
timely. But it probably was also un-
needed. Aberrations of that kind
are usually a self-limited disease.
SLtMP IN DIAMOND BUYING.
The American trade commissioner
at Brussels reports to the depart
ment of commerce that the diamond
cutting industry at Antwerp is suffer
ing serious reverses, as a consequence
of practically complete suspension
of oraers from the United States,
The business, which normally gives
employment to about 13,000 highly
skilled workers, is working on a 50
per cent basis, and further curtail
ments are expected. Nor is this con
dition due to transference of gem-
cutting to the United States, for trade
journals report a similar condition
where the work has been undertaken
on our own side of the Atlantic It
means simply that the extraordinary
demand ' for diamonds which fol
lowed the signing of the armistice
has abated.
American buyers have heretofore
been depended on to take a large
proportion of the Belgian output.
Other nations affected by the war
have been too busy with the more
serious affairs of reconstruction to
concern themselves in any considera
ble degree with luxuries, such as
diamonds obviously are. With ces
sation of American trade, therefore,
the industry is threatened with col
lapse. It is an ill wind that blows good to
nobody. As much as the plight of
some six or seven thousand Belgians
may be regretted, this may be over
balanced on the whole by the change
of which cessation of diamond-buying
is the symbol. We' can even find
it in our heart to rejoice at this sign
of a return to thrift. For.it is no
secret that luxury purchases in the
past two years have been largely
made by persons who would have
served themselves better by laying
something by for the proverbial
rainy day, .And the false notion that
"diamonds are as good as a savings
bank account" has been frequently
punctured by those who have had
occasion to realize cash on their
precious stones.
ORGANIZE FOR AMERICANISM.
Valuable service is being done by
the National Civic federation in pro
moting organized work for promo
tion oi Americanism and to ombat
revolutionary conspiracy. Cessation
of outward evidences of disloyalty,
line tne beattle strike, the threats
of revolution which accompanied the
steel strike and the several outlaw
strikes have encouraged the belief
that the revolutionary conspiracy
has died down, but there is good rea-
son to believe that the reds have
turned to propaganda and political
activity, for which the presidential
election gives them a good opportu-
nuy. in its Review the federation
reminds us of certain facts of the
situauon.
First, there is a definite menace,
wnich it would be foolish to under-
estimate or ignore. Second, "the
radical element is purposeful, well I
organized, fairly well financed, nu-
merous" and in large part "danger-
ously sincere." Third, "general
public conditions offer favorable soil
for the propagation of radicalism." I
Fourth, the presidential campaign
presents large possibilities to obscure
clear thinking by appeals to preju-
cliee. b lfth. the great mass of the I
population is patriotic, intelligent,
industrious and law-abiding.
The federation proposes that every
organization, business, labor, profos-
slonai, social form of national service
committee with local committees,
pledged to work in defense and
propagation of American ideals, of
wnicn me cniet are: liberty, repre-
sentative government, supremacy of
emigmenea ruie or tne major-
lty. It cites the example of the Na-
tional Board of Fire Underwriters,
which sent the following pledge to
its members for signature:
To exercise my Influence as opportunity
may offer for the suppression of disloyalty
and the promotion of Americanism:
To support the widest possible dissem
ination of American ideals through the
schools, the press, the pulpit and In public
lucctaiKH.
That pledge was quickly signed by
between 25,000 and 30,000 members.
The federation suggests that each
organization and its subdivisions-be
aliened in the same manner, and that
all appoint national service commit
tees, which should be co-ordinated
by a national advisory committee.
Each would work in its own way in
its own field with that part of the
public with which it came in contact.
would have a sub-committee on pub
licity and would seek co-operation
or its class ami trade publications,
would "vigorously attack centers of
disloyalty or lukewarm patriotism
within its own sphere." The next
object is particularly appropriate at
tne present time. It is:
r.acn snouia take Immediate steps to
see mat tne question oi unqualified loy
alty to American Ideals be kept actively
to the fore during the present political
campaign. To this end It should sub.
ordinate partisan politics to an ahanlutn I
insistence upon untainted loyalty as the
sine qua non for every candidate and every
platform.
The I. W. W. appears to have sus-Iany
pended its campaign of strikes, sa-
botage and resistance to law and tolTnft present American rate is seven
have directed its members to flock
to the ranks of the non-partisan
league. The latter oromotps revoln-
tion by political mans and takea nrl-lian
vantage of the direct primary to ap-I
proprlate the name and organization
of one of the old parties in several
states, then to Introduce its socialist
system. It followed that plan In
North Dakota, attempted It in Idaho
and Is now about to seek control of
the republican party In Washington,
Yet it is frankly socialist, scouts re-
publican principles, is brazenly dis-lr
loyal and is affiliated with the social-
ist party. In spite of these notorious
facts, it is possible that the league
may win through division among its
opponents and through lack of or-1
ganized opposition.
In many countries determined. ,or-
ganized minorities have gained con-
trol through apathy and lack of or-I
ganizatlon on the part of the major-
lty. in this manner the bolshevists
won power in Russia. Notwithstand -
ing the superior intelligence of the
American people, there would be
danger of such an outcome " in this
country If patriotic Americans should
not unite their efforts to awaken the
latent patriotism of the mass of the
population. In face of the threat to
American democracy, patriotism must
not remain latent, but must become
active.
OCB FUTURE SUGAR SUPM.Tr.
t-uoan sugar planters, who re
ceived three and a half cents a pound
for their product a vear hefore tho
war, and who are said to have agreed
recently not to sell below twenty.
four cents, or about seven times the
former price, are hardly to blame for
taking advantage of the comnlais-'
ancy of their American, customers.
With us there never has been a seri-
ous question what we should do in
the face of any price demand. We
would pay it, of course, if there were
nc other way of getting the goods,
We might get along on a half ration
as we did by comparison with
present standard of consumption
a few years ago but apparently we
have no intention of doing so. Still,
there is no doubt that we chafe while
we buy, and are ln a mood to go to
any lengths, short of self-denial, to
solve our problem.
It Is vaguely known that crystal-
lized sugar is not always the product
of cane. Beet sugar is a staple sub-
stltute,,but not the only one. We are
accomplishing something with corn,
lough not enough to influence the
tiarket price of cane sugars in gen -
erai. But the present' situation
serves as a reminder that at the
close of another war in the late
'60s we had a sorghum boom,
which came near to answering the
question for the future. The United
states department of agriculture.
moved by the sugar scarcity of that!
time, although per capita consump
tion was far under that of the pres
ent, conducted a long series of exper
iments both to develop a higher
sugar content in sorghums and to
periect a process for extracting,
ciarujmg ana crystallizing it. In
the former it was conspicuously suc
cessful. By seed selection extending
over several years it produced varie
tier yielding as much as 20 per cent
sugar, but sorghum never became
more than locally important as a
source of syrup because of the great
difficulty experienced in purifying
the juice by any known process ex
cept that recommended by the de
partment, a process that failed to
attract investors because its principal
factor was alcohol and this was sub
jected to regulations unfavorable to
its production for industrial pur
poses. Notwithstanding this, a num
ber of sorghum sugar factories were
erected in Kansas and elsewhere
about 1S90. Production in that year
exceeded 25,000,000 gallons. Con
trary to popular belief, the sugar ob
tained from sorghum differed not at
all in sweetening power or in chemi
cal quality from that obtained from
cane, since it consisted of more than
99 per cent of cane sugar and less
than 1 per cent of impurities. The
problem was entirely a commercial
and an industrial one
But sugar at three and a half cents
a pound at the mill and sugar at
twenty - four cents are two entirely
different propositions. Even at ten
cents a pound, or nearly three times
the pre-war price, sugar would look
cheap now and could be offered to
consumers at less than half the pres
ent price. . Never in the history of
the country did opportunity so nro
ttude itself before the graze of the or-
Eranic chemist. We are relatively in
the same position that the world
found itself in when Napoleon began
to foster industrial . science and by
subsidy encouraged research that re
suited in the discovery that we were
not dependent on the tropics for our
sugar. The sugar beet, which since
then has been crossbred until its
saccharine mission has been highly
specialized, brought about a sugar
revolution similar to that which we
would like to see in the case of sor-
trhum.
An important additional stimulus
to new sorghum research is that
whereas the plant is capable of being
grown over almost the entire temoer-
ate zone, it reaches high productivity
in retrlons not favorahu tn our nrin
Id pal bread grains wheat in partic
ular. There are grounds for suppos
ins that in the eternal conflict be
tween the necessities, wheat will
claim an Increasing proportion of the
area adapted to it, encroaching on
sugar Jbeets in proportion as labor
costs of producing the latter and
their influence on soil depletion turn
the scale in favor of the grains.
From the point of view of the
grower, sorghum has many advan
tages over beets, and it is at its best
in regions that find wheat, barley
and rye unprofitable. To discover
a method of making sorghum sugar
profitably would be to increase our
supply of the latter without trench
ing on the "bread supply of the na
tion
It has been suggested that there is
one other way to get cheaper sugar,
that being to reduce consumption to
the. point at which It stood a genera
tion ago. We do not suppose that
this will be done. Even at last year's
prices, for all the hubbub that was
made over them, consumption
mounted to record heights. Obvi
ously, the only way left to curb the
rftPclty of thoso Cuban planters is
to find a new source of supply. Un
less our chemists can save us, it is
hard to see - how -the: thing is going
to be done.
Figures prepared by the British
chancellor of the STrheniior shnw
that the rate of taxation ner head 15
" . . . f 'axauon per neaa is
nigner in the United States than in
ether country among the princi-
naI belligerents except Great Britain
times that of 1914, the British rate
more than six times, the French
rate four and a third times, the Ital
four and a quarter times, the
Clerman fourteen times, measured at
l!ie current rates of exchange
Though Germany has the highest
proportionate increase, its present
I rate per capita Is less than a fourth
of that of the United States, less than
I a third of that of France, only one
seventh of that of Great Britain, but
U r.early one and a half times that
Italy. In fact, the average Ger-
I maa pays less taxes than the people
oI anv of the four principal allied
1 countries except Italy,
Ir. Gompers is dissatisfied with
I the wage award and calls it a "sop'
I to the individual worker. True, it is;
I but it is pretty good sop to wallop
ne dodger in these times, and it is
1 not to be despised
1 LTruguay contemplates bringing
about prohibition "gradually," but
I any old soak who ever tried to re-
I form by the tapering-off process
I knows that the scheme won't work.
I A. woman who leaped from a run
I away" trolley car has a fractured
1 knee cap; another with four children
I stayed aboard until the car stopped
I Women are temperamental.
The imagination of a Verne was
needed to contemplate a flour mill a
few miles south of the Arctic circle
But no longer. They grow the wheat
and the min ia on the way
Oregon paid more than $27,000,000
ln federal taxes in the last fiscal
"ear. which was doing very well to
1 support a government run on tho
extravagant plan
Tne French government is auc-
tioning off eight million - bottles of
champagne and Atlantic liners are
abIc to accommodate only 600 pas-
sengers a day.
Linn is not tha only county that
ca" start a war on thistles. The roil
begins: Baker, Benton, Clackamas,
I Clatsop, and continues to Yamhill,
I W. J. Burns there s only one o
I him is in the city today, but as far
as noticeable there was no extraor
1 dlnary exodus last night
I Parley P. Christiansen played his
hand in the matter of asking co
1 operation for release of Debs and
Harding trumped him.
Money penalty for passing a street
car discharging passengers is not
erough. That is the one big danger
point in city life
Albany should not grieve ln disap
pointment over the census. The 4840
allowed her are pretty live ones and
make a noise.
One need but recall the "old joga-
free" days to realize what a $10,-
I 000,000 fire did to Bombay.
BY-PRODUCTS Oir THIS TIMES
Village Play In Esglaad 11 as Lose
and Noble Tradition Behind It.
The village play in England has
a long and even noble tradition be
hind it. In many countries, even be
fore the war. there were signs of
an attempt to revive something of
this tradition. Enthusiasts for local
folklore were discovering traces, still
remembered by the older Inhabitants,
of "St. George and the Dragon" and
other mumming plays, which derive
from a past as remote as that of
any other art older, perhaps, than
any, eince these plays have developed
from religious rites and ceremonies
us ancient as humanity itself. There
are many versions extant of the old
St. George play but none. It may be.
more accurate than that unearthed
and acted to the huge delight of the
villages by Miss Beatrice Home of
Anstye in the county of Sussex.
In comes I, little Billy Twin Twan,
Just come from Press Gang;.
Not very stout.
Not very tall.
But I think myself best man
Amongst you all.
Room, room, I pray.
For I'm the noble captain
That'll lead Kins George and all his men
this way.
In Cornwall, too, there is a flour
ishing school of local drama of a
more or less traditional type. Morton
Nance has dramatized many of the
old Cornish "Droll" legends, and he
finds that his Cornish neighbors
take to acting and seeing his versions
like the proverbial duck to water!
As may be imagined, this anti
quarian spirit is not in evidence in
most of the village plays, which are
of quite modern origin. "Sometimes
the plays are written by a native of
the village, and here, however poor
in quality, one feels the effort is
always worth while. Often recourse
Is had to one of the printed comedies
qr farces. Among these plays there
is a great diversity of literary and
dramatic merit, and there is still a
deal of spade work to be done by
way of training the taste of those
so-called "educated" people, who are
responsible for the choice of village
plays.
Without necessarily implying that
the village play need always be a
"classic" it is all too rare to find
village courage rising high enough
to tackle a play of Shakespeare;
though where this has been tried, as
in the little village of Winchelsea,
the results have been amazingly sat
isfactory, at any rate from the stand
point of those taking part in the
performance, and they, after all, are
he chief people concerned. As a
matter of fact, much of the language
f Shakespeare Is nearer country
dialect than it is to the educated
peech of the present day, and pro-
ucers of Shakespearean drama in
country districts have often been
astounded to find that the yokels
have rejected their explanations of
what seemed obsolete phraseology
as quite insulting to the local in
telligence! Christian Science Mon-
tor.
It is said that Kipling's "Reces
sional" was rescued from his waste-
paper basket.
Had It not been for the Interven
tion and pleading of a friend that
magnificent fragment, "Hyperion,"
would have been put Into the fire
by Keats.
The still more famo9 "Ode to a
Nightingale" was discovered by the
same friend behind a pile of books.
Newman thought nothing of his
'Dream of Garontius." He wrote to
please himself and would forthwith
have burned it; but a friend saved
poem which Edgar has set to splen
did music and which provides one of
the finest hymns in the language.
Praise to the Holiest In the Height."
One day Tennyson wrote to "Omar"
Fitzgerald, casually mentioning that
he had left a few verses behind him
in his cupboard at his late lodgings
and would be rather glad to recover
them. Fitzgerald found them among
the butter and sugar, written in an
old butcher's book. They were "In
Memorlam."
Fitzgerald thought a great deal
about Alfred's" verses, but very lit
tle about his own. He translated
Omar Khayyam in all its haunting
beauty long before his death, and
had a few copies printed, but seems to
have told nobody about it. Another
poet found a copy in the 2-penny box
of a second-hand book shop and
boomed it Into deserved fame.
Browning destroyed everything he
wrote before "Pauline," and tried to
withdraw that from publication" in
order to burn the last copy left. He
did not succeed; but he made it so
scarce that a first 'edition sold re
cently for 2400.
Scott threw the first copy of "Lay
of the Last Minstrel" Into the fire
and was only persuaded to rewrite
it from memory by two friends to
whom he had formerly read it. Even
the first of his novels, "Waverley,
was accidentally fished out of some
umber where it had lain for years,
little regarded.
A puzzle in nationality had the
marine recruiter ln Tulsa, Okl
guessing:
Louis C. Minette. applicant for the
"Leatherneck Legion," said that his
mother was an American who mar
ried a Frenchman ia Italy. He was
born on a ship flying the Spanish
colors while lying In the English
channel. At the age of 5 his par
ents died in bweden and he was
adopted by a German, who brought
him to the United States. His adopt
ed father is not a naturalized citizen.
"Would you class him as a man
without a country?" the recruiter was
asked.
"Man without a country, nothing."
said the sergeant; "I'd class him as
a league of nations." Fleet Review.
Favorable action is being attracted
throughout the country to the "con
servation of vision" classes in the
Cincinnati public schools, according to
Dr. W. H. Peters, health officer of
that city. Applications have come
from other cities for admission cf pu
pils. One child, brought all the way
from the state of Wyoming by its
parents, has been admitted.
Sixty-two children are enrolled in
the conservation of vision classes
that Is classes whose members are
bordering on blindness. Class rooms
are selected for their favorable light;
the desks ar.e movable, so that they
can be adjusted to get the best light
at different times of the day; text
books are printed in larger t;-pe than
usual, to obviate eye strain. Some
children become so Improved in vision
that they are able at the end of the
year to return to their regular classes.
Those Who Come and Go.
"Tired but happy" is the slogan
of the returning Elks from the Salem
convention who are resting up in
Portland, following their strenuous
experiences in the capitol city. Den
ton Burdick of Redmond, state repre
sentative and candidate for re-election,
was at the Imperial yesterday,
and swore that although he was in
Salem only three days, he had spent
fully 99 nights there during the same
period. "It's a great life." was his
comment, as he suppressed a yawn.
Burdick has a reputation as a fish
erman in his home town. He knows
fish from A to Z and from tadpoles
to sharks. When told about 20-pound
rainbow trout that are said to in
fest the waters of that district, he
want the story one better and said
that he himself had seen Dolly Var-
den trout that tipped the scales at
no less than 30 pounds. Roy W. Ritt-
ner, state senator, of Pendieton, wno
is also slowly making his -way back
to his home town from the conven
tion, backed up the story. He and
Burdick had fished together, he said.
both before and after the state went
dry.
There is one man in Portland today
who Is the victim of a great regret.
and that is J. A. Ebbers of Chicago,
who is a Shriner and was called east
the very day the Shrine convention
began. Mr. Ebbers is the vice-president
of the Overseas Trading cor
poration of Chicago, which maintains
a branch office in Portland. When
everybody was waiting for the great
Shrine festivities to begin and the
visiting nobles were swarming into
the city, Mr. Ebbers received a wire
calling him back to Chicago. He
missed all the fun and all the parades
n'everything. In the east and all the
way back from the east he was met
by returning nobles who told him of
the wonders of the "convention city
of the west" and how the city was
turned over to the Shriners and all
glorious times they had had. Mr.
Ebbers is leaving for Japan Tuesday
for a tour of the entire' orient, after
which he will make his permanent
residence in Japan. He Bays he will
never outlive the regret that he
missed the "greatest convention ever
held in Portland or anywhere else."
R. A. Long of the Long-Bell Lum
ber company of Kansas City, which
modestly admits the charge of be
ing the largest producer of lumber
in the world, has returned from a
trip made to Astoria last week and
is registered at the Benson. Mr. Long
is still shy about admitting juel
where and when the Kansas City
company will install its first mill, but
he intimated that the site would be
selected in the next few weeks. The
first mill will have a capacity of
100.000.000 feet annually, he said, and
the total annual output of the three
or four mills to be installed in the
state will approach the 500.000,000
mark. This would raise the total
yearly output of the Long-Bell mills
to the billion mark. "There is plenty
of timber left in this country." Mr.
Loner said. In reply to a question
about timber resources. "This gen
eration won't see the end of the sup
ply, nor the next, nor even the next.
Tf that nroblem was all that this
country has to worry about, it would
be a great life.
Mm. J. W. Butler of New York be
lievesMn seeing America firBt. and
one of the dnaior requirements
seeing America first is to make a trip
over the Columbia highway, sne sajs
Shp arrived in Portland yesterday
after an extended tour over the Ca
nadian Pacific which included visits
at Banff. Lake Louise, points of in
terest in the Canadian Rockies, Van
couver. B. C. and Victoria. The en
tlr trln wan maDDed out for her by
tourist agency in New lorK. wno
arranged a trip over tne msnwuj ao
one of the major scenic attractions
of the west. After the trip up the
Columbia today, Mrs. Butler is going
to- California, taking In the osemue
park and all the scenic attractions
down to southern California. Including
Lake Tahoe. returning east via the
Grand Canyon and the Yellowstone.
Mrs. Butler has been abroad, out sne
declares that there are no scenic vis
tas in all the world that can compare
to the grandeur of the western moun
tains. Flushed with victory, gained through
the election of Dr. J. tt. liosenDurg
of Prineville as president of the Ore
gon State Elks' association, fc.. f.
(Pat) Mahaffey. is now on nis way
home to Bend from Salem where he
attended the third annual Elks' state
convention. Pat was one of the lead
ers in one of the most vigorous
political campaigns ever waged in
Oregon Elkdom? but his opponents are
taking their defeat with good grace
and have pledged support to his cam
paign to construct a $125,000 hunting
and fishing lodge at the neaa oi tne
Metolius river. This project has
already received the support of the
grand lodge of Elks and final support
of the plan will be sought at the next
grand lodge convention at Los An
geles next summer.
"It Germany had followed the
teachings of Martin Luther our boys
would not have died ln France.
We're going to see to It that we
don't make the mistake the Germans
did," said Dr. W. P. White, regional
director of the Moody Bible institute
for the Pacific coast, who is regis
tered at the Portland. Dr. White is
at the head of the Bible study move
ment, which begins its sessions at
Gladstone park today. The movement
was 'naugurated more or less as an
experiment, said Dr. White, ln an
effort to lead the people to spend
their fall vacations in Bible study.
He will remain here all this week
and over Sunday. Next week he goes
to Ashland on a tour which takes him
to Mt. Vernon, Cal.. and back again
to Vancouver, B. C.
A large delegation of Klamath
Falls Elks motored down from the
oonvention to spend a few days in
Portland "resting." The party in
cludes G. W. Houton, E. J. Bodge,
C. J. Martin, M. Lovenik. C. E. Riley,
R. M. Nlckerson, J. J. Johnston, C. A.
Hayden and O. W. Robertson. All
the party, with the exception of
Robertson, who hails from the land
c& sagebrush, rlinrock. coyotes and
wheat. In the vicinity of Condon, are
from Klamath Falls. C. A. Hayden
was re-elected treasurer of the state
association of Elks at the convention.
The fame of the Columbia river
highway has penetrated to far-off
Nippon. Yesterday when T. Ikeda
and M. Tsukasaki, departmental of
ficials from Japan, arrived in Port
land from Seattle en route from
Tokio, the first thing they thought
about and did was to take a trip
over the highway, about which they
had heard so much. They returned
to the Portland hotel last night de
claring that the highway was "indeed
splendidly beautiful." Today they are
paying an official visit to T. Sugi
mura, local Japanese consul.
Qulclc Cooling; Ifelnn Glsm.
London Tit-Bits.
The brittleness of glass Is due to
the quick cooling of the hot sub
stance. It is known that constant
motion tends to rearrange the mole
cules in any substance and similar
effect is observed when glass ?& b-j'lcd
in a weak solution of salt in water
and allowed to cool gradually. The
toughness of the glass is increased
very much and the effect of quick
heating is less disastrous to it. This
is easily applied to articles such as
glass tubes for lighting purposes snd
prevents much breakage. ,
t.OV. COX I.M1KRITS SO ASStTSI
Wilson l.tra Him .Notblna: on Wiles'
to Build Ilia Campaign. ,
PORTLAND. July 24. (To the Ed
itor.) Though long blinded and
stupefied by the absolute dictatorship
of President Wilson, the democrats
now find themselves doubly be
wildered .at their sudden leap from it
directly into the arms of tiie very
men who fought it tooth and nail.
They must now follow the old power
that has arisen again in the east bear
ing the ancient name of Tammany.
The new triumvirate they must fol
low is made up of 'Tammany. Coxism
and booze." The circumstances and
incidents of that harmonious and
peaceful meeting between Cox and
Wilson are as yet obscure. The litthe
light that filters out from its dark
ness gives us the cheering news that
Wilson is not sick and that Cox and
he are absolutely one regarding "the
league of nations."
ln general scope. Wilson is of the
opinion that the platform will have
the united support of a united party.
Wilson has evidently not had his ear
closely to the ground of late. Tho
mutterings of resentment to his un
satisfactory administration come out
of the mouths of many of his own
party; thousands upon thousands
have left him for reasons more than
one. it is not alone his ou tre, cui
dance that has sickened' them but
his woeful lack of buwiness per
spicacity as well. He does not leave a
heritage of even ordinary adminis
tration accomplishments as an asset
for Cox to use in the foundation of
his campaign.
How can Cox defend Wilson's league
of nations idea when it already has
disrupted the democratic party?
How can. the Wilson Idea of Mexico,
of Armenia, be defended by him? Yet,
he pledges himself to uphold and sup
port them.
would Tammany, in the race oi
these questions that already have
split the party, permit such thing?
No, a thousand times no.
Cox must gloss over these great
blunders with wily sentences de
signed to catch the beer vote. He
will smoothly cover them up with
innuendo to the element that wants
light wine. If the wonderful accom
plishments of Wilson's policies are to
be exploited again this year, the ex
ploiters might do well to adverse to
1913-1914. when we had reached tne
lowest political vitality in years
under his rule. They might tell the
dear people why these millions of
idle men were searching the country
for work Just before the opening of
the European war. Can you imagine
Cox or any other democrat referring
to those wretched conditions? Tet,
they are directly chargeable to the
Wilson administration. Republican
speakers likely will have much to say
on this particular point.
The democrats this year have a
multiplicity of rankest blunders to
defend. Tammany even repudiated
Wilson and his weakness. It wants
something stronger. It wants wine
and beer. How would "Wilson kept
us out of war" transformed to "Cox
kept trs in boose" sound for their
campaign war cry?
J. W. COWG1LL.
IvING SUGAR HKICiNS IX CIB
Great .Crops, II lab Prleea. low Pro
duction -Coat Enrlrk Planter.
Sugar, like shoes, we once took for
granted. Now procuring enough for
the preserving season may be a prob
lem and sugar "speak easies" are no,
uncommon in lands where the supply
is rationed.
Writing to the National Geographic
society, William Joseph Showalter
says:
"With a sugar production nearly
doubled and prices more than quad
rupled since J J.1 1'. one can readily see
why Cuba is the world's El Dorado of
190, and why sugar is its king.
"The imagination is almost over
powered in attempting to comprehend
the vast proportions of the sugar in
dustry of the island as it exists this
y;ear.
"The cane produced is of such tre
mendous volume that a procession of
bull teams four abreast, reaching
around the earth, would bo required
to move it. The crop would suffice
to build a solid wall around the en
tire 2000 miles of the island's coast
line as high as an ordinary dwelling
house and thick enough for a file of
four men to walk abreast on it.
"The sugar extracted from this cane
would load a fleet of steamers reach
ing from Havana to New York, with
a ship for every mile of the 1200
miles.
"How much net profit the cane
grower reaps at 1920 prices is hard to
estimate, but that it is large will ap
pear when the methods of cane grow
ing are stated. To begin with, after
the first crop the planter does not
have to bother with seed time for
abort ten years. The soil is so deep
and so fertile that one planting pro
duces ten harvests. Neither does
cultivation bother him after the first
season, for the blades stripped from
one crop form a mulch that keeps the
weeds from competing with the next
one.
"Think of the profits that the
American farmer would make out of
corn if he could get ten crops from
one planting, and did nit have to
plow nine of them at all to keep
down the weeds.
"Another item in the low cost of
oroduclng sugar is the cheapness of
the motive power. The cane is hauled
in ox-carts. The oxen live from six to
ten months a year on the blades
stripped from the harvested stalks,
and the remainder of the year on suc
culent guinea grass. Think how
DrosDerous would be the American
farmer if he could have animal motive
power requiring not a pound of grain
to feed it.
A BABY SOMEWHKKE.
I knew she'd borne a baby
By the sweet light in her eyes.
For 'twas soft as morning breaking
On the brow of summer skies:
Tes. 1 knew she'd borne a baby
By the sweet light in her eyes.
I knew she'd borne a baby-
By the brightness of her face.
For 'twas like the Virgin Mary's,
All divine ani full of grace.
Ah. 1 knew she'd borne a baby
By the beauty of her face.
I knew It by the halo
Which lay warm upon her hair;
By her lips, forever smiling.
And her throat so white and fair;
Oh. I knew it by the halo
That lay soft upon her hair.
I knew it by the queenly strength
Around her spirit thrown.
Which conies to those who walk with
God
In noble pain alone:
I knew it by the queenly strength
Around her plrit thrown.
I knew it by the kiss she gave
The man whom she had wed:
1 knew it by .he things he did
And by the things he said;
Oh. I knew it by the kiss she gave
The man whom she had wed.
GUf FITCH PHELPS
Indiana .o Hume Builders.
Exchange.
The 350,000 American Indians in the
United States are gradually being
"absorbed in the body politic of the
nation." They have changed from
game hunters and wanderers to land
holders and home builders. About 37,
000 farmers are cultvating almost
1.000.000 acres and 47.nnn own live
stock worth about $38.0tm.00. It .s
said that there are a few Indian stu
dents In almost all colleges In the
couutry.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By Jaiura J. Muntagur.
1KRE IIIMOH.
I've heard of star - reporters, who,
when liquor freely flowed,
Would roost around a gin mill till
they'd laid aboard a load.
Then stagger to their office desks
and, with a foolish smile.
Dash off exciting stories that were
oears ior zip and smile,
though some seven thousand
star-reporters I have met.
never seen a single stew writs
But.
I've
one real story yet.
I've heard of gifted speakers who,
w hen they were nicely sloughed.
Could move to tears or lauchter al
most any sort of crowd.
Who, once the fires of eloquence were
lit with alcohol.
Could make applause re-echo through
the brilliant banquet hall.
But, though" with many orators and
speakers I have mingled,
I never yet have met one who spoke
well when he was jingled. t
I've heard of mighty statesmen who
would flop into their chairs
And, with the aid of liquor, straighten
out the world's affairs.
I've heard how they have labored
with the bottle every night
io gam the strength they needed
when they steered the nation,
yet
I've met a lot of statesmen, but I
can't recall to mind
A one of my acquaintance who was
this especial kind.
I've often heard John Barb ycorn has
been the patron saint
Of many famous gentlemen who write,
and sculp and paint;
That if he quit and left them flat.
their inward drive would cease,
we would straightway be de
prived of many a masterpiece,
though I know some geniuses.
And
But,
i ve never met one
ever built a masterpiece, to-
Who
gether with a bun.
Inalienable.
Paramount among state rights is
that of Ohio to ship a president,
F. O. B., to Washington every now
and then.
Iroof PoKitive.
Hereafter everybody who went to '
the democratic convention will be
lieve what Californiana have been
saying about their climate.
The Difference.
The candidates of three parties
want to get in. Debs wants to get
out.
(Copyright, 1920. by the Bell Syndi
cate, Inc)
Little Boy Scout.
By Grace E. Hall.
Little Boy Scout, where the dank
woods are calling
We see the dim footprints you left
on the trail:
Ota streams where you fished are the
v autumn leaves falling.
The grouse broods are crooning
there's sound of the quail.
We listen oftimes for your laughter
and whistle.
There comes but an echo our lone
hearts to chill;
The breeze is a sigh as it touches
the thistle
And tosses its white floss against
yonder hill.
Little Boy Scout, did you pledge your
devotion
In secret to one who commands
from on high?
Ah. well you have kept it! . With
tender emotion
Tou took up the last march and
bade us good-bye.
We would not recall you to pathways
or sorrow.
Too rugged the trails for a laddie
like you:
We'll meet you in camp on that happy
tomorrow.
When all of your dreams and ours
shall come true.
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Trara Ako.
From The Oreeonlan of July 21. 1S95.
Pocatello. Idaho. Reports from
Market Lake today stated that nine
white persons were killed by the Ban
nock Indians near Jackson's Hole
yesterday.
Tokio. Cholera is raging in Japan
and nearly every province in the em
pire reports a heavy death rate from
the disease.
Now that it is practically certain
that Third street is to be paved with
asphalt, property owners are anxious
that the work be started.
Some important changes ana im
provements have been made to the
Morrison-street bridge since it was
made free to the general public
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Oresonian of July 26, laTO.
Berlin. Italy issued a proclamation
of neutrality at Florence today. There
have been demonstrations in favor of
Prussia at Milan, Padua and Genoa.
Raleigh. N. C. The Ku Klux fired
on a body of negro militiamen here
last night and the militia returned
the fire. The militia slept on their
arms throughout the night.
Railroad surveyors crossed the Wil
lamette near Milwaukie yesterday
and are now running lines toward
Hillsboro to determine the desirabil
ity of building a road into that dis
trict. Grain and all crops of early plant
ing ln eastern Oregon are doing well,
but all late crops were Injured by the
extreme heat and drought.
WET, DRY SLOGANS ENLArtGED
Driirni Offered for Democratic and
Republican Buttons.
HOOD RIVER. Or.. July 24. (Spe
cial.) Judge Lowell's campaign slo
gans seem to have hit the right spot.
Now allow me to suggest as appropri
ate sentiments for button pictures of
the two candidates the following in
terrogatories and answers: Beneath
Cox' picture, "Wet?" "You bet!" Be
neath Harding's, "Dry?" "Aye, aye!"
A picture of each with its motto
could be placed on one button as a
constant reminder to the wearer, the
unsophisticated follower of Cuckoo
Cox, that there is a tremendous dif
ference between those two candidates
on the indirect but vital issue of the
18th amendment to the constitution
of the United States.
Tammany knows! Bourke Cock
ran knows! Tom Taggart knows!
Governor Edwards knows! The 356
Immovable advocates of the Cockran
wet plank at the San Francisco con
vention know! And William Jennings
Bryan knows! They don't need a
button to remind them where the wet
and wily Cox stands. They know!
No one need be deceived. W. J. P.
A "latter of Xante.
Birmingham A?2re-Herald.
"This man is a naturalist, you say?"
"Tes, madam, -lis favorite animal li
the hippopotamus." "How extraor
dinary! And he has such a pretty
wife."