10 THE MOKNIXG OKEGOXIAX, FRIDAY, JULY 23, 1920 ESTABLISHED BY HENRY L. PITTOCK. Fubll-hed by The Oreeonlan Publishing Co.. 135 Sixth Streat. Portland. Oreeon. C A. MORDEN. K. B. PIPER, Manager. Editor. The Oregonian Is a member of the Aim elated frees. The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publica tloo of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited In this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of republication of special dUpatcnes herein are also reserved. t ,. , . ' Ti Subscription Kates Invariably in Advance. 2 (By Mall.) Dally. Sunday included, one year ? IJ9 - Xaliy, Sunday Included, six months ... T Daily. Sunday Included, three months. 2.U5 Lally. Sunday included, one month .... Dally, without Sunday, one year 8 J Dally, without Sunday, six months .... ?' Dally, without Sunday, one month .... o0 J Weekly, one year J PS Sunday, one year 0.00 (By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday included, one year '" "Q Dally, Sunday included, three months. . 2.2j Dally, Sunday included, one month .... .i Dally, without Sunday, oi-.o year 7.f0 Dally, without Sunday, three months. . 1.9J laily, witNout Sunday, one month . . . .- .oo "x How to Remit. Send postofflce money 7. order, express cr personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postofflce address - In full, including county and state. . Postage Kates. 1 to 16 pages. 1 cent: w 38 to pages, 2 cents; S4 to 48 pages, S cents; 50 to 04 pages, 4 cents; 66 to 80 pages, 6 cents; 812 to 96 pages. 6 cents. Foreign postage, double rates. , Eastern Business Office. Verree Crink- lin. Brunswick building. New York; Verree C e Conklin, Steger building. Chicago; Ver 7. ree At Conklin, Free I'ress building. De- troit, Mich. San Francisco representative, R. J. Bidwell. SENATOR HARDING'S POLICIES. Senator Harding's speech accept ing the republican nomination for president is a declaration of purpose to restore government according to the constitution, and to administer It for the good of all the people. Some will call this reaction, but they are the ones who turned the government aside to the service of class interests in the name of prog ress or are those who set up auto cratic power In the name of human ity. All of these talk glibly of democracy, when fidelity to demo cracy demands fidelity to the con stitution under which Americans , enjoy more perfect liberty than any people on earth, the constitution ; which has remained without change whiloj other nations have made, un made and transformed new consti- - tutions, the constitution which yet has. met the needs of the nation while it grew from ocean to ocean. As an alternative to one-man rule , with which the miscalled demo ; cratic party has cursed the country, to the dictation of the proletariat -which wavers of the red flag would Inflict upon it, Mr. Harding promises "restoration of representative popu T lar government" in which "intelli gent, deliberate public opinion" will be "expressed through parties" but - in which "a people's will remains . the supreme authority," for "no . man is big enough to run this great '. republic." The one innovation that " he proposes is that the vice-president ' shall participate in the government. " It is a wise suggestion, for that official should be equipped by con-1- etant touch with public affairs to .' succeed to the presidency if neces V sity should arise. Accepting President Wilson's challenge to a "solemn referendum" cn the league of nations, Mr. Harding defines republican policy toward ' other nations in no uncertain terms. . He sees that the first duty of the , government is to serve America ; first, and that the initial mistake of Mr. Wilson was that he was so filled with the idea of serving all .'mankind as to subordinate this first ' duty and with it the constitution it- . . self. It is impossible to separate the question of constitutional rule from that of the league, for Mr. Wilson joined them by setting aside the constitution in order to frame the covenant and to force it on the ...senate. By so doing he challenged - the senate to scrutinize his work . most critically, aroused its suspicion and led it to find in the covenant that supergovernment of which Mr. Harding spoke. As by him "the ... torch of constitutionalism" was , . dimmed, to him are attributed "the delayed peace of the world and the tragedy of disappointment and Europe's misunderstanding of America." His definition, of foreign policy is a reassurance both to America and Europe, for he says: TVe donot mean to hold - aloof. We do not moan to shun a single responsl- ,.. bilily of this republic to world civilisa tion. As the first step he promises ? "formal and effective peace so soon as a republican congress can pass its declaration for a republican executive to sign." Leaving aside the league covenant, he would then "hopefully approach the nations of ;j Europe and of the earth, proposing that understanding which makes us witling, participant in the consecra tion of nations to a new relation ship, to commit the formal forces of the world, America included, to .peace and international justice, still leaving America independent and f.elf-reliant, but offering friendship to all the world." Senator Lodge's speech notifying him of the nomi. , nation suggested that such an agree v ment may include "extension of the - Hague conventions, upbuilding and codification of international law. establishment of. a world court international conferences in regard to non-justiciable questions and arrangements to bring about a I general reduction . of armaments." While this does not necessarily pre - elude membership in the existing league, it implies that radical revi sion would be required to gain American adhesion. Mr. Harding , evidently plans, as indicated by the platform, to begin anew ' at ' the' point where Mr. Wilson began at " ' I'aris. For constitutional and industrial reconstruction Mr. Harding offers a programme founded on .the true American principles of individualism and of making progress along those safe lines which were followed before the word "progress" was stolen to cover socialism. He recalls to mind homely but forgotten truths - which are the pet aversion of those who scorn the old, and whose ideas are imported from autocracies now .. lately emancipated. These phrases -W"- ... are worthy to be adopted as mottoes. as guides to conduct, for if they should be followed, many of our troubles would automatically 'fly ; away without intervention by the " government: Toll alone makes for accomplishment and advancement. There, is no progress except in the stimulus of competition. tr Join hand and brain In production, v' ' more production, honest production, patriotic production. r -r Profiteering Is a crime of commission; under-production is a crime of omission. He sees in mutual understanding J , I of their common interest and of the . " rights of the public the best hope of peafift between employers and workers, but no strike against the government can be permitted. There is no equivocation about the senator's opposition to government ownership of railroads. Under his guidance we may expect steady restoration of the efficiency of these necessities of commerce, but he sees that extension of highways and Improvement and greater use of waterways are essen tial to an adequate transportation system. One evidence of the senator's stalwart Americanism is his endorse ment of the plank declaring that American ships should have free use of the Panama canal. He thus pro poses to reverse a law which Mr. Wilson demanded for vague reasons that have never been made clear and for which the president fought most obstinately in flat contradiction of a . platform pledge. The . right to grant this privilege to American ships was not formally abandoned, and should be asserted at this time, when a great merchant marine has been acquired and when great foreign trade is developing. It is a subject in which the Pacific coast is especially Interested. The republican candidate's views on the remedies for the high cost of living and for waste in government are imbued with the common sense which is his strong characteristic. He knows, none better, that the best way to help the farmers is to help them to co-operate with each other. He is fully alive to the Importance of developing the west, and may be trusted to atone for neglect by the present administration. He disposes of the demagogue's cry that the republican party proposes a war of aggression on Mexico in a brief paragraph. Such a programme as Mr. Harding lays down comes with refreshing effect after the experiences of the last seven years. In a government headed by him there will be rest from the violent conflicts of the recent past, from the dictation of one-man power, from experiments that pretend uplift of mankind but inflict untold suffering. We shall' have a president who will respect the powers of the other branches of the government and will therefore work in harmony with them. He will serve 'mankind by giving it an example of democracy in its. mostJ perfect form in successful operation SOURCES OF COX'S STRENGTH. We are advertised by our loving friends. The word was passed around at San Francsico with many a wink and nod that Cox was per sonally dry but politically wet, and 't was enough. They disposed of Bryan's bone dry plank in double-quick time, when they got around to it, by the emphatic vote of 155 yeas to 929 nays. Then they got at Bourke Cockran's wet plank, with its highly agreeable proposal for light wine and real beer in the home, and the convention, not having the courage of its convictions, or desires, voted it down 356 yeas, 726 nays. Yet it is interesting to note that a grand total of 356 wet delegates were willing to stand up and be counted. You ask where they come from? From the original Cox states of course, and from those other wet states which went to the favorite sou of a wet Ohio just as soon as they could. The backbone of the fight for a wet plank was made up of the following states: Teas. Nays. . TS 32 New Tork . . i New Jersey Ohio Illinois Massachusetts Maryland ... 20 21 3 . ."-7 Connecticut IS Pennsylvania 44 32 Mr. Palmer withdrew after the thirty-eighth ballot, and the stam pede began. New Jersey had been consistently voting for Cox for many ballots, after it had dumped Edwards overboard and New York had steadily given Cox seventy of its ninety votes after it had jettisoned Smith. Then Pennsylvania, which was for Palmer, and Massachusetts with a majority for Palmer, and Connecticut for Cummings, and later for various candidates, all promptly landed in the lap of Cox. Maryland had given a majority for fhe Ohioan through the long contest. With scattering votes from various sources, these re-enforcements to the original Cox strength brought him up to 490 votes on the fortieth ballot, while McAdoo dropped to 467. On the forty-fourth ballot Cox got the necessary two-thirds (729) and was nominated. Who and what nominated Cox? The answer is made easy by a study of the balloting. THAT PLEA FOR DEBS. The sort of patriotism that ani mates members of the farmer-labor party may be judged from the letter of Parley P. Christensen, their presidential candidate, to Senator Harding and Governor Cox, asking them to join In a plea for the pardon of Eugene V. Debs. The socialist candidate did his worst by speech and writing to induce men to resist the draft and to dissuade men from volunteering and from subsaribing for liberty bonds. By so doing he aided prosecution of the war by the Germans and obstructed its prosecu tion by the United States. If Debs had been left free to continue this conduct, others might have followed his example, many might have fol lowed their advice, and the loyal citizens who were doing their duty might have been disheartened by the .indifference of . the government to the activity of the disloyal. In its effects Debs action was treason But Mr. Christensen says that Debs "is in prison for no crime other than an honest public expression of his political views" and the third party leader s conception of liberty includes tne right to think wrong. He draws no distinction between treason and political opinion: be tween the right to express opinions In differences between Americans as to domestic politics and differences between this whole nation and an other nation which are being fought out to the death. When the arm of America was raised to strike, Debs uieu 10 pun it Qown. This was a crime of the worst kind." For no less a crime several Frenchmen of high rank were executed. ' Debs' punishment Is slight by comparison with the enormity of his crime. Debs is not punished for thinking wrong, but for giving expression to his thoughts and for trying to in fluence the action of others by transplanting them Into other minds. This is a most effective weapon of modern war. By thus molding the wrman people's thoughts for the last half century the kaiser and his satellites wrought Uieui up to the fighting pitch which he believed to mean victory. The bolshevist chief Lenin has openly boasted that the red victories over Denikin and Kol chak were won, not by military superiority but by propaganda, which destroyed the fighting spirit of their enemies and won many white sol diers over to the red cause. Marshal Foch says that the first requisite of victory is the will to fight and to win. By inspiring doubt whether the cause was just Debs would, if left free, have weakened the will to fight and would have placed victory in doubt. The honesty of Debs opinion does not lessen the enormity of his crime, much less make it no crime. The law does not concern Itself with the honesty of a man's opinions nor with what a man thinks, provided he does not speak or write his. opinion, but with the effect of actual expression of opinion. If that effect be In jurious, it punishes the man, regard less of his honesty. No doubt mil lions of Germans who fought In the war were sincere believers In the justice of Germany's cause, but pur soldiers killed them; if they had not, the Germans would have killed them. The law should have been more severe with an American citizen who fought for Germany by word of mouth, but It was more merciful. THE HIGHWAY DECISION. There Is gratifying assurance given by a decision of the state supreme" court the other day that the orderly process of the highway commission's work of designating the routes of state highways will not be interfered with by local considerations. """' The highway commission act had been adopted before the people voted on the Initial bond issue of VC, 000, 000 for construction of cer tain designated state highways. It was the common understanding that the law had conferred upon the commission a certain discretion; that a strong point in favor of the bond ing act was that the highway com mission was to be free from the entanglements, local pressure and insistence upon favoriteness that county courts find it so difficult to ignore. Now this understanding of the law has been upheld by the highest court. A wholly proper function of the state highway commission has been sustained. In designating state highways it need not adopt as state highways only those roads through a county laid out by the county court, but may select the route that seems to it the most suitable for general public use Public confidence in the road build ing programme will be strengthened by the decision. ZIONISM AND PALESTINE. So definite and vital is the flame of nationality, of racial identity, tha the winds of centuries do not puff It out, nor long continued persecution snuff the persistent flicker. So it is with the w;indering race of Israel flouted and whipped and exiled in many lands, that turns its burning eyes of prophecy toward Palestine and speaks of a new Zion in that an cient province, a Zion that shall for ever be the national home of tho Jewish people. Britain made the promise when war was at its height and reaffirmed it when General Allenby rode into Jerusalem at the head of his victorious troops, down the same streets that knew the tread of the lawgivers of old, the imme morial city that witnessed the rise and fall of Jewry. So the embers of Zionism were fanned again and a hidden hope of the Jewish race burst into vigorous fire. In the campaign of Zionism, par ticularly in America, not all of Jew ish blood possess the same viewpoint regarding the advisability, the feasi bility, of re-establishing their ancient tion in Palestine. There are those who c'.ecry the movement as tending toward the sacrifice of spiritual at tributes for political expression and material gain who hold that by sor row and suffering the soul of their race has been freed, that their peo ple stand today at the doors of achievement and duty in the service of mankind and that to reconstruct their nation in Palestine would be to barter and forsake all that has been gained through the tedious cen turies. Somewhat difficult of con ception is this height of idealism. running beyond the scale of usual human motive, but it is deserving of honor for its sincerity and spirit uality.- And it is strangely similar to the very essence of Zionism itself, against which it Is arrayed, for Zion ism is a literal outpouring of the human heart. The persecution of the Jews is not yet finished, however happy and prosperous may be the lot of this admirable people in more enlight ened countries. With the lesson of war eastern Europe absorbed no pre cept of toleration for their race and Legan again the intolerable pro gramme of boycott, expulsion and persecution. The homeless have turned toward Palestine with faith in the promise that their land shall be restored to them. Unquestionably the pledge must and will be kept, but the many obstacles in the path of realization challenge the most adroit diplomacy and the most scrupulous consideration of all interests. There is no argument against Zionism in the fact that its way Is beset with difficulties and the Zionists repeat edly have pointed out that enlist ment in their cause does not imply actual immigration to Zion on the part of the partisan. The new Zion i3 for the refuge and happiness of those who seek it voluntarily and who, most unfortunately, are in dire r.eed of sanctuary. In Palestine there are at present 500,000 followers of Mohammed, 6i.000 Christians and 60,000 Jews. It is but natural that this prepon derant element of Moslems and Christians, alarmed by the belief that their country is to be bestowed on the Jewish race, with political control, should join in common pro test against such obliteration of their interests. But Zionism contemplates nothing of the sort, though it does look forward to 'the day when Pales tine shall be essentially a Jewish na tion. Its leaders, with the memory of oppression still smarting, would not carry in their turn a doctrine of intolerance to the soil where once their flocks grazed and their cooking fires gleamed through the desert evenings. The policy of Zionism is broad and sensible, recognizing the rights of property and of -religious and political freedom. Not only is immigration to be carefully winnowed and chosen, but 1 acquirement of land is to be through general purchase made by a national council, with selections drawing more heavily on uncultivated areas and on the preperties of the former Turkish government. Through natural devel opment, through the application of reclamation projects. It is designed to transform Palestine to the home of 6,000,000 people, giving political dominance, if at all, to the Jews through the evolutionary process of continued settlement and economic success. No follower of prophet is to be dispossessed, no Christian Sy rian Is to suffer discrimination for Zionism counts heavily on the aid of these in its plans for the rehabilita tion of the Holy Land. Pertinent . criticisms may be di rected against the Zionist movement, but in the main they are swept aside, or should be, by the natural logic of gradual economic progress and pos session. If Zionism can. bring the barren wastes to yield, the marshes to productivity, the desert to verdure and bloom, If It can provide suste nance and toll for 6,000,000 people, where there is now subsistence for but' a fraction of that number, then should the Jewish race enter into its heritage without cavil or dispute. In finding a political identity there Is no reason to assume that the Jewish people would sacrifice the poetic, spiritual components of their char acter, as some fear.- And it Is certain that a tide of human misery, flowing to the crest for twenty centuries. would wane and recede. A TASK FOR CALM MINDS. Subordination of the league of na tions to governmental efficiency and collective bargaining by the republi cans and to prohibition by the -democrats apparently justifies the view of the Villager that "the whole country seems to be concerned more about parish politics than about the servlce of mankind." European countries too have become absorbed in domes tic affairs and in international jeal ousies. Therefore it is argued that the time to form a. league of nations was while the war was on, not when it is over, for "it is only while we are in the midst of war that we realize war conditions." The only league that was possible during the war was a league of the allies. The neutrals would not have dared to go in, though the door might have been left open for them. Its foundation principles could only have been President Wilson's four teen points, but Britain would have balked at freedom of the seas, what ever it means, and probably Ameri can zeal for that phrase would have cooled, as we are in a fair way to become Britain's equal in naval power, shipping and foreign trade. Self-determination could not have been rejected, but it has proved a firebrand which has lighted all the small wars that followed the great cne and has started rebellions in the dominions of the nations which ap pla'uded it. But the allies were then so wrought, up that they might have pledged themselves to ideals that they are now disposed to subject to calm analysis. The time to form a league Is not during war nor when peace is being made. It is as the round-robin senators said, after peace has been made, but while the memory of war's evils is fresh In the peoples' minds and while they still bear the burden of its sorrows and debts. Then pas sion has cooled and reason has re gained its supremacy over the hys teria of altruism. Though The Hague treaties were framed under no impetus of a recent great war, they still live as a code by which peace shall be promoted and war re stricted. Elihu Root, one of their authors, is helping the league to shape the world court which they proposed, and when a new adminiH tration is able to approach the sub ject from a new viewpoint the United States, may join in reshaping the ex isting league with The Hague treaties as a foundation. A permanent league could not have been formed during the war. None could have been formed at the peace conference, and Mr. Wilson's haste tc form one there has only delayed Its ultimate completion, for without the United States it is incomplete. Nobody particularly will object to sending the thousand gallons of the best whisky made, confiscated- by Marshal Alexander, to the hospitals of the country. Why whisky is needed in a hospital Is not plain, but a "heap" of fellows will wish they were sick. The owner of fowls must pay for damage to a neighbor's garden. This is the legal way; the other Is to have a chicken dinner Sunday at the hen man's expense and without his knowledge. As long as we continue to tolerate grade crossings of railroad tracks, just so long will accidents occur like the one hear Harrisburg, when four persons in an automobile were killed on a crossing. Next thing government may be asked to redeem all the Confederate money that has gone into the hands of ignorant Russians. Nothing Is too much to ask of N your Uncle bamuei. Missing and unaccounted for One W. J. Bryan, prohibition nomi nee. But his alibi will be better than that of any other man. He has been sober the past two days. Destruction of crops by hail Is not more frequent except that there are more crops to be hit. About so many hail storms are due, and the wise grower gets insured. Still, there's one advantage to the 72 per cent increase in water rates just made effective in Roseburg. Cit izens won't have to buy moonshine now to get a kick out of a drink. . A woman who threw a brickbat at a boy was fined $50 for hitting him by Judge Rossman instead of getting a medal for marksmanship. If the Prinevllle plan of feeding raisin mash to rabbits becomes general the long ear will be a real bird with game flavor. Escaping from deputy United States marshals seems to be quite a popular little pastime with federal prisoners in Portland. There's a handcuffed negro loose seeking relief and if you aid him he is just smooth enough to steal your shirt. Two lightning storms in a week is something of a record hereabouts. Better than earthquakes, at that BY - PRODUCTS OF" THE TIMES Pooca Indians Dance to Muale of Hymn of Hate of Kaiser. The Intensity of the feeling of the Indian tribes of the United States against the former German kaiser has become known through the ren dition of a Ponca Indian song, com posed during the world war. The eong Is in the Ponca Indian language, the word "kaiser" being the only English word. The rendition of this song in Ponca City came through an Invitation to the Ponca Indiana to assist in the lo cal Fourth of July celebration by giv ing a series of their tribal dances on the business streets. This Is the first time Poncaa ever danced in a town or city. " The "Kaiser Song," as the Poncas term it, was composed by Fred Smith, a full-blooded Ponca, who also is the leader In singing when the Ponca dances are given and one of the five tom-tom beaters who chant the words whjle the Interpretative dance Is In progress. Among the Poncas who danced In the "Kaiser Song" here were four old men who have been dancing for more than a half century. One was John Bull, full-blood Sioux, who has lived with the Poncaa for many years. The others were Weakbone, Robert Wash ington and Goodboy, all full-blood Poncas. Of the young men who danced there were several who served in the army overseas. All of the younger dancers are boys who have gone through Car lisle or Chilocco or Haskell, but who believe in the tribal and religious dances of their people. It Is estimated there were 3000 In dians in town during the celebration, including Osages, Poncas, Otoes, Mis souris, Kaws, Tonkawas and some Cheyennes, Arapahoes and Sioux. Oklahoman. The city man who was the country boy of yesterday closes his eyes a few minutes and lives over again a sum mer afternoon of long ago, a day when his little crowd, equipped -with enough worms to feed a school of fish, betook itself to the pool -where It was annually reported and fervently be lieved the big bass were hiding. They didn't get the big bass. Bites came slowly, and those they landed were little sunfish. Is there anywhere in any lake 'a muskie big enough to give him as great a thrill as those little sunfish? He was late to supper, but there was supper kept for him. And mother didn't scold. She was pleased as punch, and told him to hurry and clean the fish and she would cook them. And she did. No other grown person praised his catch. In all the world he and mother alone recognised how worth while those five little sunfish were. And yet it didn't seem wonderful that she didn't ask him where the bass were. That was what other people did, It was a wonderful day, but as he looks back on It, he sees that the wonderful thing was not the little string of "boy's fish," but he mother who was so pleased that she stood over a hot stove cooking them. How glad she was to do it. How happy she would be if she could do it again today. But she lives too far away now. We wonder if he remembers to write and tell her of his discovery his discovery that mother's heart was big enough to make his little fish a splendid catch. Milwaukee Journal. m The oldest golf club in the world, founded in 1608 by James I of Eng land and the Sixth of Scotland, still exists at Blackheath, the home of the Royal Blackheath club. This club was established 127 years before the Edinburgh Burgess Golfing society and 146 years before even the Royal and Ancient club was formed. The course at Blackheath today Is similar to what It was when James and his cronies went there for exer cise. The course consists of seven holes which have to be played three times fot a complete medal round. There are no awe-inspiring bunkers, and the hazards consist of Iron rail ings, lamp posts, nurse maids and children. The clubhouse is a museum of his toric treasures relating to the game, The walls are hung with paintings, and there is a set of clubs 200 years old. In the collection is an iron club more than four feet long with a head as big as a two-handed battle axe. Ancient traditions are maintained at club dinners; members wear their red coats and there Is betting on who will sneeze most when the old snuff box is passed about. London Express. The hoary locks of United States Senator J. Ham Lewis, which dance about on the senator's head in aban don during his speeches, aiding In giving his hearers any thrills they may receive are false! I This was made known by Don Hunt,! secretary to United States Senator Reed, while Hunt was in the cltj and is, no doubt, cruelly disillusioning to those who have admired the states manlike air the locks give the senator from Illinois as he pauses after come weighty remark, to push them back frorn his brow. Hunt said intimate friends of Sena tor Lewis have seen the senator's bald "knob" with just a hair now and then and that the effect, after seeing the senator wearing his wig, is rather de pressing. The wig does not jibe with the rain bow color of Senator Lewis' whiskers, which In Washington are referred to the "aurora borealis." St. Louis Times. Industral discontent in Australia is puzzling arbitration judges, federal politicians and basic wage commis sions, and even In the northern terri tory there Is disturbance. . Mr. Lind say, the well-known explorer, had the whole question summed up for him most ably by an old Chinaman In the territory. Repeating the conversation to a representative of the Melbourne Argus, Mr. Lindsay said: "A Chinese who was a young man when I went to the northern territory In 1878, and is now keeping a store there, re marked to me: "When you and me young men, no wages, plenty fruit, plenty fish, plenty vegetable, every body happy. Now, high wage, no fruit, no fish, no vegetable, everybody growl, nobody happy.'" Christian Science Monitor. Grounds of Objection Stated. Houston (Texas) Post. "But. Mabel, on what grounds does your father object to me?" "On any grounds within a mile of our house." Those Who Come and Go. Fresh from South America, George Hyland arrived in Portland yesterday. He has been In the south since Janu ary. "Americans are not In the best of standing In the South American countries." said he. "The reason is that the Americans simply want to go there and sell stuff and get the money and leave. The business Is largely In the hands of British, who hnlld warehouses ana rauroaas uu trv tn develoo the country. This makes the British more popular than the Americans, naturally. Ana tne British finance by borrowing Ameri can money and Investing and lending It to the people of South America, ine native business men are usually fig ureheads. They get up at 9 A. M. and loaf around In their pajamas until noon; go to the office in their long tall coats at 1 o'clock and look orna mental for a couple of hours, and that day's work is done. These natives are used by the British companies as local representatives to make con nections." "Good roads are causing farmers to paint up and put in new fences." said David H. Looney, of Jefferson, mem ber of the legislature for Marlon coun ty, who Is In the city. "Before the highways were paved the roads were dusty and the farm houses were dusty and presented a dirty appearance, for it was considered a waste of time to try to keep a place looking neat when every passing wagon or automobile stirred up the dust. Now a change is coming over the landscape. As the farmer sees the fine highway and the machines scuttling past, he begins to take a new feeling of interest in the appearance of his place or maybe It is the farmer's wife who first starts the suggestion. Anyway, the farmer paints his house and straightens up his fence. Possibly there are a rew flowers planted and maybe a little lawn between the house and the high way. In short, the paved highways are forcing the people in the country to spruce up." "Fifteen tons of cherries was what harvested." beamed J. A Wester lund. of Medford, legislative repre sentative for Jackson county, who was in Portland yesterday. "Got 13 cents a sound for the cherries. Boys and girls who picked earned irom j.ou day up." Mr. n esterluna nas an orchard which he has been working on for about 14 years and in this orchard is a lane of cherry trees a mile and a half In length. Being In the hotel business, he Is concerned with the gasoline situation and he declares that there has been no rationing or gaso line in his city. "I want a bed where I can stretch out," directed a travel-stained tourist at one of the hotels yesterday. "I've been sleeping In the back seat of my automobile for several nights and It wasn't exactly comfortable. Why? Well, I did it as self protection. It Isn't safe to leave a machine in a garage or parked somewhere over night because someone is likely to steal the gasoline out of your tank. I knew that If I nestled in the back seat gasoline thieves would keep away for fear of arousing me." Edward Hines, one of the big lum ber operators of the United States, with sawmills scattered in many states, arrived at the Hotel Portland yesterday from Coos Bay, where he has been looking over mill property and timber. Accompanying him are M. L. Hudson. C R. Nelson, W. S. Bennet, Charles L Hall and Charles Mattson. Coincident with their arri val came a rumor that the Hines Lumber company may purchase prop erty in the Coos Bay district. "There's plenty of gasoline in As toria, although a shortage exists in Seaside," says M. K. Hardesty, a coun cilman of the summer resort. "Sea side people, when they want gas, go over to Astoria. While there may not be so many visitors at Seaside this year, the merchants all say that they are doing as much business as ever. This is partly explained by the fact that the permanent population of Seaside has greatly increased and the residents are prosperous and spend lng money freely." There are about $30,000 In warrants out issued by the town of Arlington. The 6 per cent limitation is holding the town down, so the mayor, ir. J. W. Donnelly, Is In town to see about selllnlg a bunch of bonds and taking the bond money to wipe out the warrant indebtedness. When this has been accomplished, then the town can handle itself to better advantage for the 6 per cent limitation does not apply to raising money for payment of interest and principal on bonded indebtedness. S. T. Helman of Louisville, Ky.. heads a party which is registered at the Benson. The Kentuckians are on their way to Alaska for a trip. .Mr. Helman had considerable amusement yesterday making purchases of a few cents and tendering a $100 greenback. which the dealers were unable to change. . He declared that as long as he had and exhibited the century note his credit was not questioned. For the purpose of having an x-ray picture taken. J. R. Woodford is in town. For eleven years Mr. Woodford was the postmaster at Medford and after ho built up' the business and made It a going concern, he quit Yesterday morning he was fasting un. til noon so that when the x-ray was taken It would not reveal a slice of toast, a couple of eggs and a side of bacon in his department of the in terior. John Bently, once upon a time sher iff of Umatilla county, and now wear lng a star of the Pendleton police force, is registered at the Perkins Another old-timer from Pendleton at the Perkins is John Estes. Tourists from Holland are F. X. Van Geye, of Rotterdam, and Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Godson of The Hague. In the past few weeks there have been an unusual number of visitors In Portland from the Netherlands. Mr. and Mrs. George Gates of West- port. Or., are at the Hotel Oregon while on a shopping tour. Westport was named after th man who first successfully canned salmon on the Columbia river. F. R. Beats, who won the nomina tion for representative in the legisla ture on the republican ticket. Is reg tstered at the Imperial from Tilla mook. James T. Shaw, attorney for the Pacific Telephone & Telegraph com pany, arrived at the Hotel Portland yesterday from San Francisco. F. W. Sumner, who has the Iron works at Everett, Wash., Is an ar rival at the Hotel Oregon, being here on a business trip. R. A Wernlch of Coquiile. Or., who operates extensively in timber, is reg istered at the Benson. Presidents' Surnames British. Indianapolis News. Considering the fact that the United States has kept practically an open door for a century and more to all comers-and that millions of Germans, Scandinavians, Italians and others have settled in the land. It is surpris ing that only two presidents have borne other than British surnames. These two were both Dutch, Van Buren and Roosevelt. SEARCH MADE BEHIND RETURNS Mr. Pnrdr Convinced That Democrats Are Dry, Republicans AVet. SALEM, Or.. July 21. (To the Ed itor.) As the national conventions of the two great political parties are over and the movies have enlightened the general public relative to the great demonstrations of the delegates and friends of the several speakers and candidates at each convention, it now behooves each party to get down to business and line up support for Its representative candidates, but it goes without saying that each should be fair with the other and not mis represent the party's candidates. The first thing to take Into consid eration Is, does a party control Its candidate for president, or does the candidate or president control the party to which he belonps? From the way " our respected citizen. Ste phen A Lowell, would make it ap pear by his article in The Oregonian of July 21, the candidate or president Is absolutely to control his party re gardless of congress or public senti ment. Mr. Lowell suggests a slogan. 'Cox and cocktails; Harding and home." Isn't this ridiculous In the face of the fact that the delegates at the democratic convention went on record by an overwhelming ma jority against even liht wines and beer, when on the other hand the re publican leaders refused even to let the delegates at Chicago take a vote on the floor of the convention on such a light beverage as light wines or beer. "Thou art the people who wish cocktails" and It is too late for re publicans to try to convince the peo ple to the contrary. As I said before, your rank and file would have proved It If it had had a chance at the Chi cago convention. On the other hand over 100 dele gates at San Francisco voted for a bone-dry plank to be placed in their platform, and I was one of that num ber. Republicans didn't have one dozen at the Chicago convention who would have offered and voted for a bone-dry plank, and at this time are too late to prove that they did have. So I consider my amendment to Mr. Lowell's slogan appropriate at thW time. Cox's Old Sox Harding's for Home. W'llL E. i'URDT. MAYOR'S SALARY 19 TOO SMALL Dclcgra.t Ions Who Call on Mr. Baker Ought to Enlarge Their Effort. PORTLAND, July 21. (To the Ed itor.) I note that a representative body of business men of Portland re cently called upon Mayor George L Baker at the city hall and presented a signed petition requesting him again to enter the race to become our mayor. This, of course, was a great honor to Mr. Baker and I am sure he recognized it as such. However, with all due reirpect to this worthy body of men, I wonder if they realize that the mayor of this city receives a salary of only $6000 per year, and that out of this he must necessarily entertain and be a good fellow. Mayor Baker happens to be the kind of a man who will be the right kind of a good fellow regardless of his salary. The officers of some private cor porations draw a salary several times larger than we F?" our mayor ana. besides this salary, they have an un limited expense account for entertain ment purposes. It seems unfortunate that a city the size of Portland In sists on receiving such valuable serv ices with such small pay for it. This worthy body of business men would have accomplished something really worth while had they Incor porated Into their errort some plan that would secure for the mayor a. salary commensurate with the serv- ces rendered, say JIL'.OOU per year. Then, when they called upon mm. their request wotrld have carried with it the proper dignity. 1 here is no question but the people of Portland would "be perfectly willing to vote an Increase to the mayor s salary 11 tney had an opportunity to do so. Is it asking too much that these petitioners be requested to finish the 1ob and get our mayor a reasonable salary. I. C CUNNINGHAM. 1967 East Alder street. ALL MUST WORK ON DAIRY KARM Farmer Dependent on Wife nnd Chil dren for Work In l'iclil. SHERIDAN. Or.. July 21. (To the Editor.) Just a few lines to endorse the sentiments of the correspondent, Mrs. W. K. Rice. I am a farmer's wife myself and find It impossible to make enough to live on off an JK00O place without my husband working out. I have three small children, too small to do much in the way of chores, so these fall to me. It I want fresh vegetables It is up to me to grow them ami my back is not a bit stronger than the average city woman's. . Then I have to help with all the hoed crops with out which the cows could not be kept In the dry summer, or have much succulent feed In the winter. How often have I heard one of these women now kicking at the high cost of milk tell of closing up her house or going camping for two months every summer with the children. My children would like it Just as well, but if my husband had to hire help at $5 a day to do the work that I and two of my small children do. I think milk would soon double in price, or worse still, the supply absolutely cease. It is a well-known fart that the infiustrial production of today Is only 60 per cent of the pre-war production, whereas wages have doubled; but the farmer and his family are asked to produce more than ever when by the actions of the industrial laborers in so raising wages, this same farmer is prohibited from enjoying his usual amount of help as he cannot pay the wages necessary to compete with those earned in town with far less exertion. A FARMER'S WIFE. I'mc of "Morr" and "Most." PORTLAND, July 22. (To the Ed itor.) 1. In comparison which is cor rect, "pleasant, pleasanter and pleas antest." or "more and most pleasant"? For example: The climate there Is pleasanter than here, or the climate there is more pleasant than here. 2. Also please state, when two or more articles are compared, is not one taller than the second one, or is It correct to speak of the tallest of the two men? Should not tallest be used only when three articles or peo ple are mentioned? INA PASCHAL. 1. "More" and "most" are used in forming comparative and superlative degrees. In consideration of euphony. As It Is hot particularly awkward to say "pleasanter" or "pleasantest," one may express the degree by either method. 2. Use the comparative degree in comparing" two "He is the taller of the two." Suit for Divorce. PORTLAND, July 21. (To the Edi tor.) Kindly advise what steps are necessary for me to take in order to secure a divorce. I was married and established my home In Brooklyn. N. Y., and went Into the army. Upon my discharge and return home I found my wife had sold out the house and had departed for parts unknown with another, man. How and when and where can application be made? SUBSCRIBER. You can sue for divorce in Oiegon if you have lived here .one year or longer. Engage a lawyer. More Truth Than Poetry. By James J. Montague. THE COOK AND THE JAZZ. In the days when Mr. Henry J. Lu cullus Used to have the boys to dinner at the club. Serving appetizing victuals, like pre olstead beer and skittles. They would slap him on the back n,. anl cry, "Some grub!" Old Lucullus never had the slightest worry That his dinner "guests would give his chow the rax; Even-thing he served was classy from hors d ouvre to demi-tasse. For his chef had never bothered with the jazx. nen tseisnazzar gave a quiet dinner Party, All the lads that sat around the festal board Set to work and ate as hearty as an old-time chowser party, "Which the councilman conducted in the ward. Not a diner turned his nose up at the beef-steak. Or passed up the .ham and spinach out of spite. There was never any jazzer In the days of old Belshazzar. So the eats the monarch served were always right. Francis Savarin, who cooked young Kiner T.nnia for UBed to fricasse the tripe with such a vim That, though long ago he perished. still his memory Is cherished. And we name our swellest grill rooms after him. If the king refused to eat his boiled potatoes. Or his ham and eggs, It cut him like a knife. He was never known to blunder, was this culinary wonder. And he never did a jazz-step In his life. So, although of course you often will be tempted To Invite your cook to go to cab arets, (For the ugly thought will strike r that you're nothing but a piker If you only take her out to photo plays). If you'll be advised by us you will not do it. Or your daily fare will go on the pazzaz. Be she skillful with the skillet with paint was Mr. Millet. She'll be rotten If she ever learns to jazz. . ' Alas, Poor Man! Cable reports say English women who possess 15 windows in their homes can vote. Men will now get as little use from windows In their residence as they formerly did of closets. Merely Reflection. "Georgetown Feels Quake." News paper headline. Probably only the dis tant rumble of proceedings from across the river at the White House during the recent convention. (Copyright by Bell Syndicate. Inc.) In Other Days. Twenty-Five Years Asro. From The Oregonian. July 23, 1S93. Helena. Mont. The Helena assay office today received the biggest sin gle deposit of gold dust ever made in Helena, It was over 3000 ounces and worth about $55,000. Tacoma The big Indian Institute for the territory west of the Missouri river opened today. The object of the institute is to consid-er Indian instruc tion. At a meeting of citizens in the Chamber of Commerce hall yesterday J15.000 was voted for an industrial exposition In Portland this fall. Petitions have been prepared and will soon be circulated asking the common council to pass a InW to pro- limit the Mowing of steam whistles within the city limits between the hours of 9 P. M. and 7 'A M. F"ifty Yenr Ako. From The Oregonian. July 23. 1870. .Berlin Two hundred French sol diers crossed the frontier on Tuesday on reconnoisanoe and were made pris oners after a skirmish. Salem Commencement exercises of Willamette university have been of unusual interest and show well for tho Institution. Taris The dogma of infallibility, of the pope was proclaimed at Rome yes terday. Ottawa Information received here is that the imperial government will guarantee a bwin for building a rail road from Montreal to British Co lumbia. PAY MORE OR DO "WITHOUT MILK Dairymen Cannot Stand Losses In definitely. Says Producer. FORKST GROVE, Or.. July 21. (To the KUitor.) I have been interested in the milk squabble now going on in Portland. We dairymen who are up against the real thing can see the mistake the city people are now mak ing by kicking about paying a living price for milk. I have been dairying lor 12 years and now have a herd of 15 cows. My herd Is the only herd in this part of Washington county that has not been reduced 50 per cent or more since 1916. Heifer calves are being knocked in the head as fast as they are born, so that calves are al most a curiosity on the farm. During the early part of tte war we grew potatoes to help food produc tion. My wife and children helped dig them while help was impossible to get. We sold these potatoes for less than wages for digging them. People quit growing potatoes and see what you got for. it. The time is coming, sure as fate, when you will go milk hungry. My cost of production is $ per 100 pounds, and we are forced to sell to the condenser for $2.80. If this keeps up my herd will be reduced the same as the neighbors. I have been hang ing onto my, herd because I need the manure for my prune orchard. Soil fertility is essential to all successful farming, but we cannot keep cows for the manure alone. D. C. LILLY. Walllnc to Be Convinced. PORTLAND. July 22. (To the Edi tor.) Stephen A. Lowell's article on slogan for Harding in The Oregonian of July 22 prompts me to answer. "Harding and Home" is very good and appropriate and should be adopted. As he will conduct his campaign at home I was considering it a good place to keep him. I will, however, agree to vote for Harding if Judge Lowell will Inform me where I can secure Information that will verify his statement that 'Cox and Cocktails" is the slogan of the democratic party. Fair enough? ON THE FENCE. She's His Boss Now. London Opinion. "What became of that girl Masher ton was flirting with last summer?" "You mean the girl that Masherton thought he was flirting with 7 bhe ' married him.