8" TIIE MOttNING- OTlEGOI AN, TUESDAY, JUNE 29, 1920 DEMOCRATIC PARTY STANDS ON ITS RECORD OF ACHIEVEMENT tv "We Insist That the Forward Course Is the Only Righteous Course," Says. Chairman Cummings, Addressing San Francisco Contention. .':. i 'A J - i I : -.t -1 i 4 t : . .i f 'i '1 SAN FRANCI! Associated of Homer ; I AN FRANCISCO, June 23. (By the. Press.) The" address S. Cnmmlngrs as tem porary chairman of the democratic convention follows: Ladies and gentlemen of the convention: At this hlsh hour when the destinies not only of political parties but of peoples are a t etalcc ; w hen social un rest is every v here apparent; when exlftitlnff forms of frovernment are being challenged, and their very foundations disturbed or swept away, it is well for us, here In America, to pau for a period of solemn delibera tion. We, who assemble in this great con vention, counsel together, not merely as members of a party, but as children of the republic. Love of country and devo tion to human service should purge our hearts of all unworthy or misleading mo tives. Let us ferevently pray for i divine blessing upon all that we do or undertake. Let us pledge ourselves anew to equality of opportunity; the unity of our country above the Interests of groups or classes: and the maintenance of the high honor of America in her dealings with other nations. The people will shortly determine which political Instrumentality Is best suited to their purposes, most responsive to their needs. They will have before them many platforms and many promises. In what ilirection will they turn? There is no better way of judging the future than by the past. We ask, therefore, that the people turn from the passions and the prejudices of the day to the consideration t a record as clear as it is enduring. Republican Leadership. The republican party was un .successful rn the election of 31)12 because it had per sistently served special Interests and had lost touch with the spirit of the time. Those who had controlled Us destiny de rived their political Inspiration from "the roo1 old days of Mark HaTtna' and neither desired a new day nor were willing to recognize a new day when it had dawned. To each pressing problem,, they sought merely to reapply the processes of an tiquity. There were elements in the republican party which were intolerant of .its mental s-lnth and moral Irresponsibility. These influences sought to gain party control in 1 912 and again, in 1016. They renewed the hopeless etrungie at the convention recently held at Chicago. Despite these efforts, the leaders who have manipulated the party mechanism for more than a generation, are still in undisputed control. The republican platform, reactionary and provincial. Is the very apotheosis of polit ical expediency. Filled with premeditated slrtndcrs and vague promises, it wi.'I be searched in vain for one constructive sug gestion for the reformation of the condi tions which it criticises and deplores. The oppressed peoples of the earth will look to it in vain. It contains no message of hop for Ireland ; no word of m:cy for Armenia; and It conceals a sword for Mexico. It Is the work of men concerned more with material things than with human riphts. It contains no thought, no .. purpose which can give Impulse or thrill those who love liberty and hope to make the world a safer and happier, place for the average man. .Democratic Achlejreoients The democratic party is an unentangled party a free party owing, no allegiance to any class or grouf of special Interest. We were able to take up and carry through to success the great prosresaive pro gramme outlined In. our platform of 3112. During the months which intervened be tween March 4, 1913, and the outbreak of the world war, wo placed upon the statute hooks of our country more effective, con structtve and remedial, legislation than the republican party had placed there in a generation. ; The income tax was made a permanent part of the revenue producing agencies of the country, thereby relieving out law of the reproach of being -unjustly burdensome to the poor. The extravagances and in equities of the tariff' system were re moved and a non-partisan tariff Commis sion was established so that future re visions might be made in the tight- of Accurate information, m scientifically and Impartially obtained." Van-Americanism was encouraged ; and the bread thus cast upon the international Waters came back to us many fold. . -The great reaches of Alaska were opened up to commerce and development. Dollar diplomacy was de stroyed. A corrupt lobby was driven from the national capitol. An ' effective sea man's act was adopted, , .ThA federal trade commission was created. . Child labor leg islation was enacted. The parcel post and the rural free delivery were developed. A good roads bill and a rural credits act were passed. A secretary. joI . labor was given a eat In the cabinet of the presi dent. Kight-hour laws were adopted. The Clayton amendment to the Sherman anti trust act was passed, freeing American labor and taking it from the category of commojijties. The Smith-Lever bill for the. improvement of agricultural conditions was enacted. A corrupt practice act was adopted. A well considered warehouse act was passed. Federal employment bureaus w ere created. Farm loan banks, postal savings banks and the federal reserve sys tem were established. These enactments, and many other pro visions of a remedial character, had a cleansing and quickening effect- upon the KEYNOTE SOUNDER AT SAN FRANCISCO'. V it? 9l I : ! " if if 1 ' "o." i - lt I ' V II ,,; ' n ' jl II ys . , , v i fi iil sP-sr 'h -tr jl I.-- f SI f If y P HOMER S. CIM.MIXGS. Photo by Underwood. tlon of General Per.hlng as leader of our forces, and no military commander In his tory was ever given a freer hand or more unflagging supports The1 policy of select ing officers through training camps avoid ed the use of political favorites and guar anteed competent leadership for the youth of the land. Ten million men were reg istered within three months from the declaration of war and 32 c,mp cities, complete In every municipal detail,, were built in 00 days. In France we had to construct our own docks; railroad lines, storage depots, hos pitals and ordnance bases. We had to cut down the forests for ' our barracks. ' In June, two months after the declaration of war, our fighting men Were in France; In October, Americana were on the firing line; In scarcely more than a year we had 2.000,- 000 men in France, had whipped the enemy t Bel le a u wood, beaten them back at Chateau Thierry, wiped out the St. Mihiel salient and delivered the terrific hammer blow at Sedan that virtually ended the war. Less than two years ago General' Halg, with the bluntness of a soldier, said: "The British army is" fighting with its back' to bhe wall"; Lloyd George was crying: "It Is a race between. .WUspn .and, burg" ; and France ciung like a drowning man to the Rock of Verdun, turning agon ized eyes toward America. And .America came. We challenge .the critics pf.the ad ministration to point out how, within the limits of human possibility, tne war couia have been, won more promptly or with less loas. of .American, ife. . . . .t . t .... i 1 1 was not by mere chance that these things were accomplished. To readjust the processes of peace so as to serve the activi ties of war required leadership of unex- tmpled skill. Petty criticism of- minor defects and individual officials may tor a time attract a superficial attention, but the significant things, tba grsat outstand ing facts plead eloquently for the demo cratic cause. Let no one misunderstand us. These -d which overtook the proceedings frustrated the initial purpose. In more senses than one, the recent Chicago convention has left the, democratic party as the sole custodian of the honor of the country. The Cost of the War. There are men so small in spirit, ao pitifully cramped in soul that they sug gest that the war cost too much. The re publican . platform, echoes this complaint. It was Indeed, an expensive war' War is the most wasteful thing in the world. But Is money to be measured against the blnnd of American ifaldier!"? Would It not be better to spend a "tfllfoh dollars for shells that were never- exploded, than to have one American boy on the firing line minus an essential cartridge? "Was it not better to prepare for a long war and make It short, than to prepare for a short war and make it long? When criticism Is made of the expense of war, let us not forget that we bought with it the f redom and the safety of the civilization of the world. Preparedness. Again, they say that we were not pre pared for war. " In a strict military sense, a. demncrflpv In nsver oreDnred; for war: Jl;nden- DUt Ajnerlca. made ready in a way that was lar more eirective man Dy maintain ing, at enormous cost, great armaments, which neither party advocated and which our people would never approve. Wars are not fought by armies alone. They are fought, by nations. It 1 measuring of the economic strength of nations. - The front . line trench is no stronger than the forces which lie behind the trench. The line of communication reaches back to every village, farm counting house, factory and home. America of opposition, ' making it Imperative that, he take up In his own country, a struggle ' for the preservation of that which had been won at such Incalculable cost. Fol- , lowing the superhuman labors of seven years of unexampled service, this meant the wreck of . Ms health", sickness for months upon a bed of pain, and worse than the physical sickness, the sickness of heart which comes from the knowledge that political adversaries, lost to the larger sense of things, are savagely 'destroying not merely the work of men's hands, but the world's hope of settled peace. This was the affliction this the crucifixion. , As he lay stricken In the White House, the relentless hand of malice beat upon the door of the sick chamber. The ene mies of the president upon the floor of the senate repeated every slander thafr envy could Invent, and they could scarcely con trol the open manifestation of their glee when the great man was stricken at last. The congress was Jn session for months while the president lay in the White House, struggling with a terrifying Illness and, at times, close to the point of death. He had been physically wounded. Just as surely as were; Garfield and McKinley and Lincoln, for. It is but -a difference . of degree be tween fanatics and partisans. The con gress, durfng all this peried, when the whole heart of America ought to have been flowing put. In love and sympathy, did not find time, amid their bickerings, to pass one resolution of generous Import or extend one kindly inquiry as to the fate of the president of their own coun try. - And what was his offense? Merely this that he strove to redeem the word that America had given to the world; that he sought to rave a future generation from the agony through which this generation had passed; that he had taken seriously the promises that all nation had made that they would unite at the end of the war in a compact to preserve the peace of the world; and that he relied upon the good faith of his own people. If there was any mistake, it was that he made a too generous estimate of mankind, that be be Heved that the idealism which had mad-e the war a great spiritual victory, could be relied upon to secure the legitimate fruit of the war the reign of universal peace. In one sense, it Is quite immaterial what people say about the president. Nothing we can say can add or detract from the fame that will flow down the unending channels of history. Generations yet un born will look back to this era and pay their tribute of honor t6 the man who led people through troublous ways out of the valleys of selfishness up to the moun tain tops of achievement and honor, and there showed them the promised land of freedom and safety and fraternity. Whether history records that they en tered in or turned their backs upon the vision, Jt is all one with him he is immortal. . The Requirement of Honor. There are men who seem to bi annoyed when we suggest chat American honor Is bound up in this contest, and that .good faith requires that we should enter the league of nations. The whole republican case is based upon the theory. that we may, with honor, do as we please about this matter and that we have made no prom ises which it is our duty to redeem. Let us turn again to- the record. " The republican party in Its platform in 1916 had declared for a world count, "for the pacific settlement of international dis putes." The progressive party in lt12 and in 1919 had likewise declared . tor an ar rangement between nations to make peace permanent. The democratic party in. 1916 had specifically declared In favor-of the establishment of a league of naions. : The if.T0"!;.!1 .1ur S?"-'"'!?; "he. timulu .of. American, patriotism, .up- ported by the courage and the spirit of our was freed from the deadening effects" of usurious financial control. Labor was given its Magna Charta of liberty. Business and finance were released from the thraldom of uncerta'nty and hazard. The economic life of A merica was refreshed by the Vitalizing breath of economic freedom. This extraordinary narration sounds like a platform of promises. The sober fact Is that It is an Inadequate recital of actual performance. It constitutes democracy's response to the demands of social justice. It is our answer to the antiquated slander that the democratic party is unable to understand the great affairs of the conntry, The Federal Reserve (System. Tf the democratic party had accom plished nothing more than the passage of 1 he federal reserve act, tt would be en- titled to the enduring gratitude of the ha t;on. This act supplied the country with an elastic currency controlled by th American people. Panics the recurring phenomena of disaster which the re pub Itcan party could neither control nor ex riain are now but a memory. Under the republican system, there was an average of one bank failure for every I'l days for a period of nearly 40 years. After the passage of the federal reserve system there mere. In 10l.", four bank failures; In 1916 end 1017, three bank failures; in 191S, one bank failure, and In 19-0, no bank failures at all. The federal reserve system, passed over the opposition of the leaders of the republican party, enabled America withstand the strain of war without shock or panic; and ultimately made our country tne great creditor nation or the world. Achievements in TV'ar. ' And then the great war came on. TJlti mat fly, by the logical steps of necessity. our peace-loving nation was drawn into the cont 1 let. The necessary war lcgisla lion was quickly supplied A war finance corpora. tion was Created. W ar risk insurance was provided. KhiP' building laws re-established America's supremacy upon the teas. The office of alien property custodian was created. A wax industries board was established. A war trado board was created. Food and fuel regulations were formulated. Vast loans were successfully floated. Vocational training was provided. A national council of defense was created. Industry was sue cei.;s fully mobilized. A imoKt over night the factories of the nation were made a part of the war ma chine, and tho miraculous revival of the shipping Industry filled the ocean lanes with our transports. Our fleet laid the North sea mine bar rage. We ent fighting craft to every sea. and brought hew courage and Inventive genlut to the crucial fight against the U-boat. In transporting our troops to France we never lost a man in a ship convoyed by the American navy. One of the first decisions was between the "volunteer system" and the selective draft. Many patriotic citizens strongly deprecated conscription and dreaded Its possibilities. The administration, however. tj laced its influence behind the measure, recured Its pasag and made possible the winning of the war.' It proved a democratic system, assuring equal service, equal danger and eqfcal op portunity. At one stroke of trre pen, bounty Jumping, and the hired substitutes that had disgraced the -management of the civil war were made Impossible. The selec tion of men to go to the front Was placed not merely in the hands of civil author! t:cs, but actually in the hand of the friends and neicrvbors of the men eligible for servlc. No fundamental law was ever administered with such scrupulous honor. ;ot one breath ol scanaai toucnea thii legislation: and so cheerfully was it ac cented that today, the term 'draft aodgr Js an epithet of reproach in any com munity. Pfcrttsanfthip Put Anlde rsxtlsaoshJp was put . aside m the ocl&c- senate itself, on August 8, JOluby uanan- imous vote, passed a measure requesting the president to take the lead in such a world movement. On December 18. 1916. the president ad dressed an identic note to the nations at war, requesting them to state the terms upon which they would deem it possible to make peace. In this note he proposed the creation of a league of nations, saying: In the measures to be taken to' secure the future peace of the world, the people and government of the L'nited States are as vitallv and directly Interested as the governments now at war. . . . iney irtand ready and even eager to co-operate in the accomplishment of these ends when the war is over with every influence and resource at their command This was four months before America entered the war. To this identic note the central powers answered evasively, but the antes, in their reply dated at Paris, January 10, 1317, declared : Their whole-hearted agreement wtn the proposal to create a league of nations which shall assure peace ana jusuce thrnuchout the world. dressed the senate with reference to these reDlles.- and said 'In every discussion of the peace that must end this war It is taken for granted that the peace must be followed by some definite concert of power which shall make It virtually impossible that any euc-n ca tastrnnhe shall overwhelm us again." Speaking of tne legaue or peace wnicn was to follow tne war, ne saia: if .the oeace oresentlv to be made is to endure, it must be a peace made secure a nollticAl ouarrel In" the Balkans? Im mediately the unthinking applaud and the orator records a momentary trtumpn. Have we forgotten that that is precisely what America has already done? Have we tor gotten that we sent more than two million men to France, spent more than 20 billions of dollars and sacrificed nearly a hundred thousand Uvea to settle a Balkan dispute? There was a controversy between Serbia and Austria. Territorial questions, polit ical rights and boundary lines were in volved. The crown price of the house of Austria was assassinated. A little flame of war licked up into the powder house of Europe, and in a moment the continent was in flames. It took all the power of civilization to put out the con flagration. How idle to inquire whether we wish to send our boys to settle political disputes in the Balkans? It is extraordinary that men should waste ouf -time and vex our patience by suggesting the fear that we may be forced Into future wars while forgetting entirely that America was forced into this great est of all wars. No league of nations ex isted when we entered the war; and -it was only when we formed in haste, in the midst of battle, a league of friendship, un der unified command, that we were able to win this. war. This association of na tions, held together by a common purpose, fought the war to a victorious conclu sion, dictated .the terms of the armistice and formulated the terms of peace. If such a result could be achieved by an Informal and temporary agreement why should not the association be continued in a more definite and binding form? What plausible reason can be suggested for wast ing the one great asset which has come out of the war? How else shall we pro vide for international arbitration ? How else shall we provide for a permanent court of International Justice ? How else shall we provide for open diplomacy? How else shall we provide safety from external aggression? How else shall we provide for progressive disarmament? How else shall we check the spread of bolshevlsm? How else shall industry be made safe and the basts of reconstruction established ? How else shall society be steadied so that the processes of healing may serve their beneficent purpose? Until the critics ,of the league offer a better method of pre serving the peace of the world, they are not entitled to one moment's consideration in the forum of the conscience of man kind. , Not only does the covenant guarantee justice for the future, but it holds the one remedy for the evils of the past. As It stands today, war is the one way iri which America can express Its sympathy for the oppressed of the world. The league nations removes the conventional hackles of diplomacy. Under the cove- ant rt is our irienaiy rigut to protest gainst tyranny and to act as counsel for the weak nations . without an effective hamplon. The Existing League. The republican platform contains a vague promise to establish another or a dlffer- nt form of association amongst nations of a tenuous and shadowy character. Our pioposed co-partners in sncn a project are nnamed and unnamable. It is not statea whether it is proposed to Invite the na tions that have established the present eaa-ue to dissolve ft and to begin anew, or whether the purpose is to establish a new association of a competitive charac ter, composed of the nations that repu- iated the exist in r league. The devital izing character of sdeh an expedient re- uires no comment. Fatuous lutmty couia be carried no farther. There is no mental dishonesty more transparent than that which expresses realty to a league oi na- lons while opucslng the oniy league oi nations that exists or la ever apt to exist. Why close our eyes to actual world con ditions? A league of nations already ex ists. It Is not a project, it is a fact, jve must either enter it or remain out of it. What nations have actually signed ana ratified the treaty? Brazil, Bolivia, . Tireat Britain, canana, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, In dia, Cxecho-SIovakia, Guatemala, Liberia, I'anama, Feru, Uruguay, feiam, oreece, Po land, Japan, Italy, France and Belgium. Wrhat neutral states. Invited to Join the league, have 'actually done so? Norway, enezuela, the ietnerianos. Denmark, Colombia, Chile, Argentina, Pa- aguay, Persia., Salvador, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Even China, will become a member when she ratifies the Austrian treaty. Germany has signed and is preparing to take thn pjace which awaits her in the lertpue of nations. what nations stand outside 7 Revolu tionary Mexico, Bolshevist Russia, Un speakable Turkey and the United States of America. It is not yet too late. Let us stand with the forces of civilization. The choice is plain. It is between the democratic par ty'! support of the league of nations, with its programme of peace, disarmament and world fraternity, and the republican party's platform of repudiation, provincialism, militarism and world chaos. prepared by making the economic life of j by the organized major force of mankind.' people. All this is freely and gladly ac knowledged, but surely the time has come when, because of the calculated criticism and the premeditated calumnies of the op position, we are entitled to call attention to the rcat mat an ot tnese tnings were accomplished .under the leadership of a great democrat and a great democratic ad ministration. We have no apologies to make not one. We are proud of our great navy, we are proud of our splendid army, ! we are proud of the power of our country 1 and the manner in which that power has been used; we are proud ot the work that America has done In the world, we are proud of the heroism of American men and women, and we are proud of the in spired and incomparable leadership of Woodrow Wilson. Has not the time come when all Ameri cans, Irrespective of party, should begin to praise the achelvements of our country rather than to criticise them? Surely a just and righetous sense ot national prlda should protect us from the Insensate as saults of mere partisans. We fought a great rar, for a great cause, and we had a leadership that carried America to great er heights of honor and power and glory than she has ever known before In her en tire history. If the American f'.evg must be lowered it will be hauled down in a re publican convention and not in a demo cratic convention. Partisan Investigations. It Is this Shining record of tremendous achievement that republican managers and the Chicago Platform seek to shame and besmirch. Various congressional commit tees, which for want of a more appropri ate term, are called "smelling commit tees, were appointed for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not there was any graft in the conduct of the great war. Over 80 Investigations have been made, over $2,000,000 have been wasted, and the one result has been to prove It was the cleanest war ever fought in the history of civilization. Through the hands of a democratic ad ministration there have passed more than $40,000,000,000 dollars, and the finger ot scorn does not point to one single demo cratic official in all America. It Is a rec ord never before made by any political party in any country that ever conducted war. If republican leaders are not able to re joice with us In this American triumph they should have the grace . to remain silent, for it does not lie In the mouths of those who conducted the Spanish-American war to Indulge In the luxury of criticism. What was there in this war to compare with the typhoid-infested camps and the paper-soled shoe controversy of 1898 7 What waa there in this war to compare to the embalmed -beef scandal of the Spanish' American war? Despite all their invest! gatlons, not one single jdemocratlc official has either been Indicted or aceused or even suspected; and the only dignitary In Amer ica, of any outstanding political signifi cance who Is moving in the direction of the penitentiary is Truman Newberry of Michigan. The very power of the republican party to conduct a partisan Investigation of the war, to criticise the president, to control the organization of the senate . and to wreck the prospect of world peace, rests upon a bare majority of one, secured through the tainted senatorial vote from Michiean. The republican party became ao fixed in US Incorrigible- habit ot conducting in vest 1 Rations that it finally turned to the fruitful task of investigating Itself. For the first time since they entered upon this programme, they discovered fraud and graft and gross and inexcusable expend! tures. The revelations disclose the fact long understood by the Initiated, that th meeting at Chicago was not a cbnvention but an auction. The highest bidder, ho aver, did bQt get the pre. The publicity the country sound. What would have been our situation. If. prior to the outbreak of the war. we had not prepared so that our farmers were able to feed the armies of the world? What would ' have been our situation If labor had not been willing to follow the leadership of the president? What -would have been the situation if we had not established a currency system which made it possible for us to finance the war? What would have been the situation If the republican party had been in control and had maintained its old attitude toward legislation? There would have been an inevitable breaking down of the economic structure of our country. We would have been caught in the throes of a panic more Ized and the tasks of war, difficult as j tically identical in language with the pro evastating than any we had ever known. ndustrial lire would have been disorgan- Acting upon these proposals, both the French and the B-ritish governments ap pointed committees to study the problem while the war m-as still In progress. On April 2, 1917, the president delivered his famous war message to congress, and thrilled the heart of the coun-try anew by his announced purpose to make the content war agalnat war. High above all or our other alms, ne piacea a universal dominion of right by such a concert of free nec-Dles as shall bring peace and safety to all nations and make the world itself at last free." Following this message, the congress by resolution, passed April 6, 1917. recognized the state of war.- On January 8. 1918. the president wen before congress and set forth his famous 14 points. The 14th point, wnicn is prac they were, might then have become alto gether impossible. Republican Record Since 1918, The republicans have now been in con trol of the senate and the house for more than a year. They won the election of 191S upon the faith of alluring promises. They said that they would earnestly sup port the president, at least, until the tasks of war were finished. It was their con- ention that they would enter ' upon the work of reconstruction with superior in telligence and even with greater patriotis han would be possible under democratic leadership. They gave publicity, when they entered upon the recent session, to detailed and ambitious statements as to their programme. If we are to be judged as I hope we may be, by the record, let them also be judged by the record. What have the republicans accomplished since their political success in 1918 ? What beneficial results have flowed to the American people?" What promises have been redeemed? What progress has been made in the settlement of foreign or do mestic questions ? Twice the president went before con gress. since the termination of hostilities. calling attention to needed legislation. He urged the passage of laws relating profiteering; measures to simplify and re duce taxation ; appropriate action relative to the returning soldiers; the passage of a resolution concerning the constructive plans worked out In detail by former Sec retary Lane, and the measures advocated by the secretary of agriculture. He sug gested that the congress take counsel to gether and Drovide legislation with ref erence to industrial unrest, and the mutual relations of capital and labor. After more than a year of sterile debate, our country has neither peace nor reconstruction. Barren of achievement, shameless In waste of time and money, the record of the present congress Is without parallel for its incompetencies, failures and repudla tmns. Are the American people so unjust or so lacking in discrimination that they will reject the service of a party which nas Kept its word, and place trust In party which merely renews the oroken promises of a previous campaign? Attacks Upon the President. Republican leaders have been moved by a strange and inexplicable jealousy of the president. Their feverish animosity, ex pressed in gross abuse and through secret intrigue, has been productive of one of the most unhappy chapters in American his tory, recalling the similar experiences of Lincoln and Washington. Political malice followed, the president to the peace table. A senatorial "round robin" was widely circulated. E,very device which partisan ship could develop, waa employed for the purpose of weakening the Influence of our commission at Paris, and making the task there still more difficult. At a time when every Instinct of fairness pleaded for whole-hearted support of the president, po litical antagonism and personal envy con tronea the anti-administration forces. The president made every sacrifice -for the cause of peace. The long continued strain while composing differences abroad; the expenditure of nervous vitality and in tellectual force in building a new order of human relationship upon the ruins of the md, laid heavy toll upon his reserve powers. Then came the return In triumph , only lo find here a widespread propaganda "It HIGH LIGHTS OF KEYNOTE SPEECH BY DEMOCRATIC CHAIRMAN AT CONVENTION YESTERDAY. Party called on to put Interests of country above those of spe cial groups and to maintain national honor in foreign relations. Republican platform declared to be "filled with premeditated slanders and vague promises." Democratic legislation reviewed. Including lnc6me tax, tariff revision and . tariff commission, seaman's act, trade commission established and other measures. ' Panics declared to have been abolished by federal reserve sys tem. Wartime legislation and American achievements in war reviewed. American success in war. declared to be due, not to any chance, ' but to clear vision of administration. Millions declared wasted In investigations of scandals that are never found. . Chicago convention' declared to have left democratic party sole custodian of country's honor. Economic preparation for -war pronounced adequate and better than great armaments. Republicans said to have accomplished nothing beneficial since their polftical success in 1918. , As a consequence, there is now neither peace nor reconstruction. Republican leaders accused of being moved by strange and inex plicable Jealousy of president. Contention is advanced that good faith requires United States to enter league of nations. - Critics of league declared not entitled to consideration until they offer a better method of preserving the peace of the world. Cove nant guarantees justice for the future and holds the only remedy c' for the evils of the past. Republican proposals regarding "associations amtmg nations" pronounced "tenuous and shadowy." League of nations ' already exists and United States must either enter it or remain out of it. Argument as to United States not having? equal voting power with Britain in league of nations is pronounced Insincere and super ficial. United States can be involved in no- enterprises except on her own choosing. United States, in fact, has more votes in the league of nations than any other nation. Senator Lodge said to have been resolved from outset to muti late the treaty and frustrate the purposes of the administration. - Real trouble with the treaty of peace said to be that It was negotiated by a democratic president. Statement that President Wilson refused to permit the dotting of an "i" or the crossing of a t" is called a foolish Invention, repeated so often that many honest people believe in its truth. President said to have frequently stated entire willingsness to accept reservations not incompatible with America's honor and true interests. - Defeat of treaty laid to Senator Lodge and declaration made that "no blacker crime against civilization ever soiled the pages of our history." Old guard declared to have sold honor of America for the privi lege of nominating a reactionary for president. Democratic party said to stand squarely for the safne ideals of peace as those for which the war was fought. Democratic party will not submit to repudiation of treaty, or to whittling It down to the vanishing point. visions of Article X of the covenant, pro vided that a general association of na tions must be formed under specific cov enants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political Independence and territorial integrity to great ana sma.i states alike." Senator Lodge -himself, before the ex! gencies of politics forced him to take the other side, said that an attempt to man a separate peace would "brand us with everlasting dishonor" and that "the lnten of the conaress and the intent of the presf dent was that there could be no peace until we could create a situation where no such war as this could recur. Former President Roosevelt, on July 18, 1918, said: . Unless we stand by our allies who hav stood by us. we shall have failed In mak lng the liberty of well-behaved, civilized peoples HtJ I O biiu t tj ouail 1 1 a v i w vr . that our announcement about making th world safe for democracy was an empty boast. On November 4, 1918. the armistice was agreed to and it was concluded upon th basis of the 14 points set forth in th address Of President . Wilson delivered to consrress on January 8, 1918. and the prin ciples subsequently enunciated by him. At no point, at no time, during no period while this history was In th making was one responsible American voice raised in nrotest. Thus, before we entered the war we made the pledge; during the war we re stated the pledge; and when the armistice was signed, all of the nations, ourselves included, renewed the pledge; and it wa UDon the faith of these promises that Ger many laid down her arms. Practically alt of the civilized nations M the earth have now united in a covenant which con- stitutes the redemption of that pledge, j We alone have thus far failed to keep our word. Others may break faith ; the senate of the United States may break faith; the republican party may break faith ; but neither President Wilson nor the democratic party will break faith. The Fundamental Purpose. In this hemisphere, the mere declara tion of our young republic that the at tempt of any foreign power to set foot on American soli would be considered an unfriendly act has served to preserve "the territorial Integrity and the political in dependence" of the nations of Central and South America. The treaty pledges all of the signatories to make this doctrine ef fective everywhere. It Is the Monroe Doc trine of the world. The purpose of the league Is to give no tice that If any nation raises Its menacing hand and seeks to cross the line into any other country, the forces of civilization will - be aroused to suppress the common enemy of peace. Therein lies the security of small nations and the safety of . the world. Every war between nations that has ever been fought began in an attempt to seize foreign territory or to Invade political In dependence. If, in 1914. German, had known that In the event of hostilities Oreat Britain would have entered the war; that France would go In; that Italy would go . Jn; that Japan would go in: and that the United States would go in there would have been no warr Objections to the Treaty. The opponents of the treaty cry out. Equality ot Voting, tfbere la great pretense of alarm because the United Statea ha one vow in the International assembly. jra(nst the sx votes of Great Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand. South Africa and India. This Popular argument against the league of nations Is as Insincere as it is superficial It Ignores tne fact that tne executive coun cil, and not the assembly, is the govern ing body of the league, and that our coun try is one of the five countries having permanent memoerahtp in the council, i ne colonial votes exist only in tne assemoiy. X6r should we foriret that France has but one vote; Italy has but one vote, and Jaoan has but one vote. If there were any Injustice In the arrangement, surely 1 these nations would have sensed it ana objected to it. No affirmative action can be taken in any essential matter without a unanimous vote of all members of the council of the league. No decision of the league, if America joined 'it, could be made effective or even promulgated without our consent. Like every other nation, we have a veto power upon every 'resolution or act of the league. We can be involved in no enterprise except of our own choosing; and if we are not satisfied with the league, we can sever our connection with it upon two years notice. . The risk exists only In the imagination, the service Is incalculable. Moreover, the United States Insisted that Cuba, Haiti, Liberia, Panama, Nicaragua, Honduras and Guatemala should each be given a vote, as well as the nations of South America, great and small. Including the nations which are bound by vital inter ests to the United States, or. Indeed, di rectly under our tutelage, we have more votes In the league of nations than any other nation. How could we, in good faith, urge that these nations be given a voice lind deny a voice to such self-governing nation as Canada,' New Zealand and the rest, which, relatively speaking made far more sacrifices in the war than our own country ? It la desirable that all coun tries should have an opportunity to be heard In the league; and" the safety of each nation resides In the fact that no action can be taken without the consent of all. Keftpohsibtltty for Defeat of Treaty. It was the design of Senator Lodge, from the outset, to mutilate the treaty and to frustrate the purposes of the adminis tration. And yet Senator Lodge, with the help of the irreconcllables, having torn the treaty to tatters and thrown its fragments In the face of the world, has the effron tery to suggest, in his address at Chicago, that the president blocked the ratification and postponed peace The trouble with the treaty of peace is that it waa negotiated by a democratic president. It is not difficult to assess the responsibility for Its defeat. The re sponsibtllty rests, not upon its friends, but upjr Its eneml The foreign relations committee, imme diately following the last election, was reorganized with a peraonnel consisting of the open foes of the treaty. Amongst the number was Senator Borah, who declared that be would not be for a league ra tions, were the savior of mankind to advocate it. Senator Johnson, Senator Knox and Senator Moses, whose hatred of the president amounts to an obsession were alo members; and Senator Lodge was chairman. . The treaty was referred to the commit tee thus studiously prepared for its hos tile reception. The members of this com mittee adopted every subterfuge to represent the document which they were supposed to be considering as statesmen Deputations of foreign -born citizens were brought to Washington in an effort to color and exaggerate the impression of popular opposition". The senate had even begun the discus slon of the treaty months before its ne gotiation was concluded, and did not tor minate its debate until nine months after the submission of the treaty. It took the Senate nearly three times as long to kill the treaty by protracted debate and oy confusing and nullifying amendments and reservations as it tooa the representa tives of Lhe allied governments to draft ft, It wos not the business of the president, when he brought this treaty back from France, to join with Mr. Lodge and Other republican leaders In their deliberate pur- post to destroy It. tiad he initiated, sug gested or assented to changes which would hiivt substantia li v attcrca ira nature, I faith with his associates of the peace council and a violation of American pledges. Everyone acquainted with diplo matic usages, or with the plain require ments of honesty understands this. The foolish invention that the president lefuaud to permit the dotting of an "i" or the crossing of a t" has been ao oTcen re-1 peated that many honest people believe in its truth. In every speech made daring hhi tour, the president stated entire willingness - to accept any and all reservations not In compatible with A merit-as honor and true interests. It la the plain intent of tho cov enant that the Monroe Doctrine is ex cluced, that domestic questions are ex empted, that not one American can be nt out of the country without formal action by congress and that the right of withdrawal is absolute. If tht?r aic words which can make these meanings clearer, they will be welcomed. 1 is not reservations tht the prewident stands against, but nullification. Sordid Story Told. When the president came back from Paris in February, 1919, he brought the first tentative draft of the covenant of tha league of nations. He gave publicity to It. It was published throughout the land. He invited the friends of such a league to submit criticisms. Former Pres ident Taf t offered four amendments ; for mer senator Hoot offered six amend ments, and Mr. Hughes suggested seven. At a meeting of the committee on foreign relations at the White House in March. 1919, other changes were suggested. Xhesa amendments were taken back by the president to Paris and their substance was actually incorporated' In the revised draft ot the league. Dr. Lowell, presi dent of Harvard university, in his joint debate with Senator Lodge, invited the latter to suggest constructive amendments which the president might incorporate in the draft, but he refused so to do. At no time has he offered constructive amend ments. At no time has he failed to offer destructive criticism. So intolerant was his attitude that he would not even con sider a com prom ise proposed by former President Taft of his own party and which waa assured of the support of 4U demo- 1 cratic senators. Senator Lodge knew that he controlled the senate and that In his own time and way he could destroy the treaty. This is the sordid story of Its defeat. No blacker crime against civilization has ever soiled the pages of our history. The last chapter was written at Chicago. The republican platform not only re pudiates the league of nations, but praises, without discrimination, all of the repub lican senators who participated In its de feat. Its words of benediction fall alike upon the irreconcllables, the Lodge reser- t on sts. the mud reservation ibis ana those who proposed a separate peace with Germany. It is consistent In one hlng only, the recognition oi tne xaci mat me open foes of the treaty, tne secret loes oi the treaty and the apparent friends of the treaty who conspired with Its enemies, are equally responsible for the destruc tion of the instrument Itself. It wouid be Idle to inquire by what political legerde main this meaningless and yet ominous declaration was prepared. it is enouga to know that the "old (fuara sold tne honor of America for tne privilege ot nominating a reactionary for president. The Cause of Peace. The war had set a great task for states manship. The beat thought or tne woria demanded that a serious miempi muw by the leaders of the allied governments to formulate a treaty oi PW-" Should prevent the recurrence ui Kvery rightful impulse ot tne nunmn "Shall we send our bvi'S abroad to settle would have been a distinct breach of was in accord with that purpose. From time immemorial, men have dreamed of peace; poets have sung of it ; philoso phers have written about it; statesmen have discussed it ; men everywhere have hoped and prayed that the day might come when wars would no longer bo neces sary In the settlement of international differences. For the first time in the turbulent an nals of the human race such a project had become feasible. The destruction of militarism, the crumbling of thrones, the dinsolutlon of dynasties, the worlu-wide appreciation of the inner meaning of war and the final triumph of democracy had at last made it possible to realize the dear est dream that ever crossed the night of man's dark mind. The opportunity for service waa as great as the need of the world and the failure to render it must stand as a reproach for all time. It is said that if the dead who died in the great war were placed head to feet they would stretch from New York to San Francisco and from San Francisco back again to New York; and if those who perished from starvation and from other causes collateral to the war were placed head to feet they would reach around the great globe Itself. At this very hour mil lions of men and women and little chil dren are the victims of our hesitancy. How can the heart of America be closed to these things ? I have been many miles In thin country and it has been my fortune to visit most of the states of the Union. It has so hap pened that I have been In many of thee states when the boys were coming from the front. 1 have seen the great ave nues of our splendid American cities lined with the populace, cheering and cheer ing again as these brave lads marched by. happy that they had come triumphantly home. But 1 have never witnessed thee inspiring sights without thinking of the boys who did not come home. They do not rest as strangers in a st range land these soldiers of liberty. The generous heart of France enfolds them. The women and the children of France cover their graves with flowers and water them with tears. Destiny seized these lads and led them far from home to die for an ideal. And yet they live and speak to us here In the homeland, not of trivial things, but oi immortal tnings. rieverence and pity and high resolve surely these remain to us. In that heart ot hearts where the great works of man are wrought, there can be no forgetting. Oh, God, release the Im prisoned soul of America, touch once more the hidden springs of the spirit and reveal to us ourselves. Let the true purpose of our party be clearly understood. We stand squarely for the same ideals of peace as those for which the war was fought. We support without flinching the only feasible plan for peace and justice. We will not sub mit to the repudiation of the peace treaty or to any process by which it is whittled down to the vanishing potnt. We decline to compromise our principles or pawn our immortal souls for selfish purposes. We do not turn our backs upon the history of the last three years. We seek no ave nue of retreat. We Insist that the for ward course is the only righteous course. We seek to re-establish the fruits of victory, to reinstate the good faith of our country and to restore it to its rightful place among the nations of the earth. Our cause constitutes a summons to duty. The heart of America stirs again. The ancient faith revives. The Immortal part of man speaks for us. The services of the past, the sacrifices of the war,- the hopes of the future, conitute a spiritual force gathering about our banners. We shall release again the cheeked forces of clvlli ! zation and America shall take up once 1 more the leadership of the world. by a republican senate And dsned by. a republican president. Convention week opened In San . Francisco with overcast skies and & temperature of 66 decrees, which mounted to more than 60 when the convention was called to order. An Innovation for the opening: of the democratic national convention was the silencing; of the great gather ing by a buelo call instead of the usual pounding with the gravel. A detachment of marines in front of the platform raised the national colors and presented arms, 'while the band played the Star Spangled Banner. Service men among convention del egates today perfected plans for ob taining the indorsement of the demo cratic party for bonus legislation. Richard Seelye Jones, chairman of the Washington etate , delegation; . Major Bennett Clark of Missouri, son of Representative Champ Clark; Colonel Barry of Tennessee, and E. W. Robertson of Spokane, Wash., Were selected to appear before the resoiu tions committee. a a Senator Pomerene of Ohio, today disclaimed all responsibility for the statements in explanation of Gover nor Cox" divorce proceedings of 10 years ago, s published this mronirtg; in the San Francisco Chronicle. "I am not responsible for that story," said Senator Pomerene. "Some of the statements in it regarding the divorce proceedings are absolutely new to me. I never heard of them. For instance, the statement that Mrs. Cox married her ex-lawyer." Senator Pomerene said he had dis cussed the governor's divorce case privately with a few delegate, but has given no statement for publica tion. Photographs of the opening of the democratic national convention for middle west newspapers, were dis patched from here at 2 P. M. today in an army airplane to catch the overland limited train at Reno. The airplane waa furnished by the army recruiting service and was piloted by Major Carl Spatg, one of the transcontinental flyers in the army endurance tests last fall. All arrangements fof the trip were made by the army recruiting service. CANDIDATE RIPS LEAGUE SEXATOR COM AX SATS NON PARTISAN" BODY MEXACE. Taxation In AVashlnpton Has Al ready TWaclicd Point of Con fiscation, Says Banker. Because of inroads beingr made by almost prohibitive taxes, coupled -with the ever-present menace of the Non Partisan league, the state of Wash ington at the present time needs the application of a business man's view point to the solution of public Ques tions as it never did before. This, briefly, sums up the beliefs of Ed T. Coman, state senator from Spokane county, Washington, and candidate for the republican nom ination for governor at the Wash ington primaries, September 14. Senator Coman was in Portland yesterday on a brief visit, while wind ing up a campaign trip through the eastern part of the state. "The most important matter is tax ation, which in the state of Wash ington, has about reached the point of confiscation," said Senator Coman. '"In face of the present high taxes, it is now proposed to vote $30,000,000 more of bonds for road purposes when there is such a scarcity of labor that the agricultural industry in the state is seriously handicapped for lack of sufficient workers to handle crops. "While I am thoroughly in favor of good roads and the expansion of the road programme as rapidly as possible, I believe the policy of pay as you go will accomplish better re sults and relieve us from the heavy burden of debt. "Under the present sources of rev enue, supplemented by appropriations likely to be made by various coun ties, there will be approximately $S, 000,000 annually for road improve ments. This is as large a sum as can be employed efficiently at the present time." Senator Coman is president of the Exchange National bank at Spokane and is also president of 11 other smaller banks in Washington and Idaho. He is also a member of the board of regents of the Washington state college. NOTES OF TRISCO CONVENTION s AN FRANCISCO, June 28. (Spe-1 could express themselves. As it is, iney lose. - How the accumulation of wealth has changed Mr. Bryan. It waa 20 years ago that he exclaimed in Chicago, "You shall not crucify mankind upon this cross of gold."' For one solid week he saw it done by Chicago hotel keepers during the recent republican convention and not one word of pro test did he utter, and the San Fran cisco taxi drivers must be handing him some more of it, and yet he sits silent. rial. Franklin Roosevelt, slstant secretary of the "navy. lays claim now to being as much of rough rider as his distinguisnea cousin, the late xneouoro nucvciv. Franklin's claims rest on hfs having traveled all the way from Chicago to San Francisco in an upper berth. . Mrs. Atey Scott Baker, leader of the National Woman's party button holders, is not impressed with Attor ney-General Palmer's sense ot humor. "There are two classes of delegates here," Mrs. Baker said to tne attor- ney-general. "Delegates at large and those who brought their wives." When someone inqu-lred: "Did he smile?" Mrs. Baker replied: "No, he drew the corners of his mouth down and tied theni in a bow knot under his chin." William Jenings Bryan was enter ing his automobile yesterday in front of the Palace when a flock of visit ing Shriners who had Just reached here from the Portland convention, suddenly surrounded him. The com moner was detained in his car for ten minutes while the Shriners, . with splendid harmony. ' sang "How Dry I Am." -j. s Eddie Rickenbacher, the great American ace, confesses he docs not know much about politics, but he sees a need of reform in the presidential nominating system. The famous flier thinks there should be some uniform primary system for the entire coun try, and this Is what he says about it: "There is ho doubt that the major ity of the people of this country want It must have been momentarily pleasing to Kaynoter Cummings to see the way the audience rose to his mention of President Wilson as "im mortal." However, not so pleasing when it was shown that many of them had risen to depart. "It was too much for me," said a well-known woman U. S. AFTER STAMP THIEVES Federal Indictment9 to Be Report ed Today by Grand Jury. Several indictments which will re veal the scope of a coast-wide theft and sale of war savings stamps last winter will be reported by the fed eral grand jury some time today, it was reported yesterday at the fed eral building. Somo of the indict ments, it is indicated, will be secret, inasmuch as a few of the defendants are not aware that they have been under investigation. The probe of the war savings stamp scandal started several months ago, and according to federal officials has almost unlimited ramifications. Brok ers, merchants, known crooks and others have been connected up with the sale of the stamps, it is asserted. At least one member of the Portland police department has likewise been involved in the investigation. War savings stamps valued at thousands ot dollars were stolen dur ing a series of raids on Willamette valley banks and postoflices last win ter and spring. Later, federal operatives found that these stamps had been altered and sold in both. Portland and San. Fran cisco. Two of the alleged stamp .. i . i from the national capital who lives Ha,"mB" v L Jl,, .t within a few blocks of the White at unjLlr.bo"l8,,.T,t?lie, otler House. Two delegates from Oregon declared In the state delegation conference yesterday that prohibition is a dead issue. Net so around, the hotel lob bies, where the delegates from every where are mingling. The conversa tion would lead one to believe that tifis convention is nothing but a meet ing called by the distillers to salvage the saloon. Keynoter Cummln?-s bcasted today of the establishment of a department of labor with a member of the cabinet at the head and mentioned it as a democratic achievement. Chairman Cummings' historical information on this subject, like tome others, was very faulty. The most active pro moter of the separate department of labor was Senator William E. Borah of Idaho, who was chairman of the Ffnate committee on education and Leonard Wood for president. If they labor at the time. The bill was passed arrests are expected to follow imme diately after the grand Jury reports the indictments today. Siinlsterial Association Elects. ALBANY, Or., June 28. (Special.) Rev. J. C. Spencer, pastor of the First Methodist church of Albany, has been elected president of the Albany Ministerial association for the com ing year. Dr. Wallace Howe Lee. dean of men at Albany college, was chosen secretary-treasurer. Ample Coal Assured Baker. BAKER, Or., June 28. (Special.) Baker coal dealers are receiving lib eral supplies of coal and Baker, at least, need have no immediate fear of a coal shortage because of mine strikes or railway tie-ups An automattc device-has vpnted to keep .railroad cleaned aud lubricated. been in-ewUches A T