10
TIIE ttORXING OREGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1C, 1920 '
ESTABLISHED BY HENBV L. I'lTTOCK.
Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.,
lo.'t fixth Street. Portland. Oregon.
C. A. MORDEN, E. B. FIPKR,
Manager. Kditor.
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WRONG WAYS TO HELP RAILROADS.
The Interstate Commerce commis
sion has evidently been impressed by
the arguments that the proposed
horizontal advance In freight rates
la unjust, for it has granted further
time to the far west to present Its
opposition. The advance is unjust
because it assumes things to be
equal which are unequal. The pur
pose of the advance is to Increase
the revenue of the railroads to an
amount equal to the standard return
on Investment specified by the Esch
Cummins law. The deficiency varies
greatly in different sections of the
country, hence varying percentages
of increase in rates would make good
that deficiency.
Any excessive advance of rates
would bear more heavily on the west
than on the east and south, because
of the greater distances that freight
Is hauled and the higher basis or
calculation from which the advance
will start. The transcontinental roads
originally charged a higher rate per
ton-mile than did those of the east
and middle west, because cost of con
struction and operation was higher,
and sparse traffic made the cost per
unit of traffic higher. Only on a
few staple commodities like lumber
have these rates been revised to
agree with the lower cost of opera
tion and the greater density of traffic
which now prevails, for this reason
a horizontal percentage advance In
rates would add greater burden to
traffic in the west than in the rest
of the country. The roads have in
creased rates on structural steel from
Chicago to the Pacific coast from 65
cents to $1.25 since 1916, and the
percentage -would be based on this
high rate, which has been more than
doubled in less than four years. They
have also raised class rates with the
same effect. Justice demands that
the percentage be calculated on the
basis of conditions as they are now,
not as they were thirty or forty years
ago, when railroad development in
the northwest was just beginning.
In their applications for relief the
railroads have ostensibly conceded
the justice of varying percentages
for three sections of the country, and
they ask for a smaller advance in
the west than in other sections, the
percentages being: For the east, 30.4:
for the south. 30.9, and for the west,
23.9. But in dividing the country
into three regions they have thrown
Into the western region two sections
where the needs of the roads are not
the same. In the southwest thirty
eight roads have declared 23.9 per
cent not enough. to give them the
standard return, and they have peti
tioned for 32.82 per cent. Examina
tion of the returns of the transcon
tinental roads in the northwest shows
that the advances of 14 to 16 per
cent would be sufficient to yield the
standard return. Fair treatment to
both sections requires that the in
creases vary according to their vary
ing needs.
Not alone would an excessive ad
Vance Injure the shipper and con
sumer; it might defeat its own pur
pose, which is to increase the net
Income of the railroads. For exam
ple, the steamship line which is be
ginning to bring sulphur from the
gulf coast to Portland might take
return cargoes of lumber to New
Orleans or Galveston for trans-shipment
over the short rail route to the
middle west, or lumber might make
a return cargo up the Mississippi for
the craft which bring coal from
Pittsburg to New Orleans. If 24 per
cent were added to the present ex
orbitant rate of $1.25 on steel from
Chicago, it might come by the same
route. The railroads need to be care
ful lest by charging more than the
traffic will bear they lose It alto
gether. Use of the canal route has
just begun and abundant tonnage
Is available. The tendency to use
that route is already growing, and if
traffic should be diverted io the
water It would not readily return to
the all-rail route.
The railroads propose to advance
freight rates alone, and to make no
change in passenger rates or other
sources of revenue. The effect is
shown in the following extract from
the Traffic World:
Railroads In eastern territory estimate
the need of an increase in all revenue at
31.1 per cent or 80.4 per cent in freight
rates. Southern railroads propose to ad
ZZ fre,Bht rf 30.0 per cent to provide
20.7 per cent larger revenues. The needed
freight advance in the west Is put at 23.9
per cant to increase all revenues by 17
Why should freight traffic bear
the whole burden? Why should not
passenger traffic bear its share? For
many years railroad men have said
that passenger traffic was carried at
a loss or barely paid its way. If
passenger rates were raised to a
point where they paid the standard
return. It would better accord with
good business principles and would
give relief to industry. A the needs
of the northwestern roads would be
met by an. advance .of 14 to IS per
cent In freight rates alone, it might
prove that 10 per cent on freight
would suffice if passenger rates were
advanced in the same proportion
The same principle mlsht be applied
to different classes of freight, for
some might bear a larger increase
than others, which already, pay all
that they can bear and let industry!
live. Tne railroads should beware
lest they crush some industries under
a greater load than they can carry.
and thus dry up their own sources of
revenue.
Adjustment of freight rates is an
economic problem, which cannot be
solved by simply adding a fixed per
centage all along the line. It re
quires consideration of the particular
case, not only of each section of the
country but of each industry and of
each commodity, also of competitive
conditions In both transportation and
industry, which are now undergoing
rapid change.
SIX MONTHS IN JAIL.
Six months of Jail is well designed
to induce reflectiveness in the most
haphazard mind. It was this' sen
tence that Judge Rossman, of the
municipal court, gave to a speeding
motorist whose reckless career
claimed a human life. Unless the
prisoner is brother to the beasts, his
soul sheathed in callus, he will have
with him for company the memory
of the man who died by his criminal
carelessness. The whisper of regret
win rise to the shout of self re
proach, and Jthe fellow who once was
the nonchalant pilot of a hurtling
motor menace will stand before the
bar of his own judgment a moral
convict.
Laws serve the best ends, if they
are good laws, when the judicial au
thority takes cognizance of the ag
gravated nature of a particular of
fense and applies the penalty with
out stint. This man got the limit.
even as he went. For the purpose
of example he Is sufficient, if others
will keep his case well in mind. Now
that his lunacy for speed has taken
its toll, and with pitiful thorough
ness, his only service to the cause of
motor sanity is to serve his term that
others may take precantionary
profit. A most unfortunate object
he is, with blood-guilt on him be
cause he would not heed the first
principles of caution and the traffic
laws.
it is incomprehensible, as it is
true, that motorists find speeding
tne suDject for jest and count it a
most felicitous day when they evade
arrest, though openly violating the
law. io any one of them, these un
fuuiBucu oi tenders, may come a
Dreamless, terrible moment such, as
came to the man now serving sen
tence. And the contrition of a life
time will not retrieve the error or
efface the memory.
NOT AN TMTAS8K.
Things really 'worth having are
seldom dropped as plums from the
tree of providence. Those who ob
tain them are forced to climb, reck
less of thorns and tumbles.' When
they are won after this fashion their
value is enhanced. They have been
made more than ever worth while
by work, an alchemic agent that
transmutes effort to gold. It is so,
doubtless, with thtj financial drive
for the Oregon State Chamber of
Commerce, which "has not gone for
ward as speedily as the campaign
ers would desire. If ever commer
cial champions entered the lists in
a good cause it is in this drive, and
these are the men. That they have
not lost heart through the vexations
of retarded progress may be taken
as assurance that they will crown
their labors with success.
The constructive programme of the
state chamber calls for fin anHal
brawn. Dollars recruited to its serv
ice will work for the entire state,
declaring dividends that will endure
and multiply. The doner will waste
his time who nicks a coin to see if
ever it returns to him. For it
win not directly. But indirectly,
through stimulation of land settle
ment, development of industrial proj
ects, ana increased tides of tourists.
it will come back with many others
of the dollar family, to tinkle in the
tin irom whence one went forth
We've an obligation to be nractical.
to judge investment by probability
of return, to double the safeguards
against unwise outlay. But to the
piea ror state development funds the
most conservative may listen with
attentive ear and answer with liberal
hand. State loyalty and sound busi
ness judgment come to their r-on
fluence In the financial cammim fnr
the state chamber. No principal citv
is
greater than . the lands that H
peyona it. And no state surname
the self-imposed limitations of its
citizenry,
GENERAL PERSHING'S RETIREMENT
General Pershing is to retire from
service. In his letter to the secre
tary of war he begs leave to lay
aside i the uniform. "The assign
ments tnat have fallen to my lot
during recent years have been more
or less important," he wrote. "It has
long Been my desire to return to
11 t, n m
mo. oeiore another year
passes the man who directed Amer
ica's forces in France will be simply
a citizen, with the plain prefix of
mister. By perpetual Donular hr
vet, however, he will retain his mili
tary ime, ror me custom of the pub
tic win not admit a lesser rank. Was
there a hint of stern militarv drol
lery in General Pershing's reference
to the "more or less important" du
ties that devolved upon him as his
military career drew to its close?
America knows how transcenrlentlv
important, those duties were, and it
is nor empty chauvinism to hnnst
that this wearied, grizzled veteran 1b
or tne type that makes the land for
ever safe from aggression or invuinn
ne popularity of General Pershing
uaa un, attacKed, in some degree
uy men wno served under him. But
to the majority of the American c-.it.
lzenry nis record stands unsmirchori
He was and is the first soldier of
tne nation, who led their sons to
death and victory, and the occasional
rancor that lingers to upbraid him
is but the natural product of times
so troubled that all was not done
wen, perhaps, because the course
was rougn and unprepared. It has
Deen said tnat General Pershing is
i.no epitome oi military sever! rv a.nrl
exactitude, and that his heart was
callous to his men. Those who hav
estimated the intrinsic attributes of
nis cnaracter reply that the Spartan
strain applied to himself, as well,
and that American men in the field
never possessed a finer friend. pnrt.
land saw the) general upon the occa
sion of a recent visit, when he had
Deen mentioned for the presidency.
j. ne city was . ted up" on military
uigu.ta.rit-3, ana inough his audito
rium audience welcomed him with
spontaneous enthusiasm, it withheld
an indefinable something essential to
full tribute. The trouble was that
t-ortiana people had heard the nebu
lous stones then current. Yet Gen
eral Pershing conquered Portland
with a teai- surely a strange weapon
for so stern a soldier. A little airl.
whose father never came home from
war, touchad his heart so surely that!
the cold eyes filled with instant tears.
The tribute came then, with noth
ing lacking.
Sorrow and service have been this
man s portion. Destiny bereft him
of his family circle in a peculiarly
cruel and fearful manner. He bore
that loss like a soldier, and answered
America In an hour when his own
grief had not dimmed if ever
such sorrow wanes. "Black Jack"
Pershing, soldier, going overseas with
the fate of his country in his keeping
- not a genius in tactics, perhaps,
but a first-rate fighting man in every
inch, of his lithe stature. He brought
back victory. What more can be
asked? In human hearts and na
tional history there is a well-won
place for Pershing.
MR. BURLESON'S DEFENSE.
Postmaster-General Burleson's re
ply to the censure passed on him In
the republican platform for- his bad
administration of the telegraph and
telephone systems during the war
and for his disorganization of the
postal service would have more
weight if he did not quote in his
support the very men who influenced
him in his policy with regard to the
wires. Mr. Vail and Mr. Carlton
were the executive heads of the Bell
telephone and Western Union lines,
and had been working for years to
extinguish competition and establish
a monopoly. Mr. Burleson put them
in charge of the wires and backed
them In taking possession of the pos
tal lines and ousting the officials of
those lines, in order that all" wires
might be operated as one system.
That would have been a preliminary,
from their standpoint, to private
monopoly, and from his standpoint
to government ownership, for which
he has been working ever since he
took office. By passing the law re
turning the wires to their owners the
republican congress defeated both
schemes and established a claim to
public gratitude for saving the coun
try. from private monopoly and from
Mr. Burleson's socialist policy.
The postmaster-general's advocacy
of a high maximum salary for letter
carriers and his opposition to a hori
zontal increase show that the great
vice of his administration is incur
able. He wants to hold down the
average salary in order to make
record for economy. The general
advance of wages in other occupa
tions and the great increase in the
cost of living had left' the general
scale of wages in the postal service
so far below that of occupations re
quiring equal skill, expert mce and
fidelity and so out of line with liv-
ng conditions that the best men
were leaving the ervice in droves.
Green hands were hired as tempo
rary, employes at wages far higher
than were paid to trained men and
fficiency was seriously impaired.
The situation demanded a horizontal
ncrease, which Mr. Burleson con
demns, but which the republican
congress granted.
Mr. Burleson and men of his type
have Irritated government employes
to the point of forming labor unions
and asserting the right to strike,
which would place the government
at the mercy of its own employes.
and therefore cannot be tolerated,
While denying the right to strike,
which Mr. Burleson has also denied.
the republican party declares that
the rights and interests of all gov
ernment employes must be safe
guarded by impartial laws," which is
contrary to the Burleson practice.
it has -proved its sincerity by the
enactment of the pay increase for
postal employes, which Mr. Burle
son opposed, and by enacting the
civil service retirement law, which
secures a competence in old age and
disability to old employes and leaves
the government free ' to fill their
places with younger, efficient men
and women.
FIGHTING THE PLAGUE.
The brief news dispatch from Vera
Cruz on Sunday telling of the deaths
of two persons from bubonic plague
will be interesting chiefly for its yet
undetermined sequel, by which the
capacity of the Mexican people for
social action in a crisis may be fairly
judged. The bubonic plague Is ter
rible when uncontrolled but has rela
tively few terrors for the enlightened
community willing to adopt repres
sive measures promptly and to pay
the cost in temporary curtailment of
minor liberties. In this manner in
New York in 1899, when a case was
received from Brazil, there was no
spread of the disease because the
federal authorities in . co-operation
with city officials promptly declared
and enforced drastic quarantine, and
in Han Francisco in the following
year, when bubonic plague was im
ported from the orient and found
lodgment in that city's Chinatown,
it was practically confined to that
area, in which forty-two deaths oc
curred. England in 1899 escaned
with four deaths, though a virulent
case was imported from the East
Indies.
The result, when' comnared with
about fourteen millions of deaths in
a single epidemic in Europe of the
middle ages, with the record of
86,000 cases and a mortality rate of
o per cent at Marseilles just two
centuries ago this year, is in itself
a sufficient tribute to the sanitrv
scientists who have been making con
sistent progress for almost three-
quarters of a century in their efforts
to prevent the spread of disease.
Though bubonic plague has a high
rate of mortality, and derives some
of its sinister reputation from the
circumstances that it was called
the "black death" 700 years ago, it
is far better understood, for nimnu
than influenza and a number of other
maiaoies, and its specific germ has
been isolated and observed in every
eyeje of its development, while sun-
pression has been shown to depend
on the promptness and thoroughness
with which anti-plague measures are
taken. No-country whose health of
ficials are alert and whose people are
reasonably law-abiding need greatly
fear recurrence of the terrible bu
bonic plagues of the past.
Whether Mexico, admittedly in a
state more like anarchy than orderly
government, win be able to cope with
the situation remains, as has been
suggested, for the ' next few weeks
to disclose. Other important Latin
American countries whose popula
tions have a smaller Infusion of ab
original blood and which have not
been torn by revolution, have re
cently made considerable progress in
sanitary reform and stand a chance
of excluding the disease now that
they have been warned in time.
That the increasing importance of
meeting at their source some of the
other diseases of filth and malnutri
tion which are not readily combated
once they have obtained a foothold
is realized by health officials gen
erally is Indicated by the action of
British. French and American physi
cians at a recent conference in Paris
at which it was decided to leave no
measure neglected by which cholera
may -be . kept within its present
bounds in Europe. American inter
est calls for severely restricted im
migration from the Infested districts-
Arrangements which are reported to
have been made for clearing all pros
pective Polish emigrants through the
single port of Warsaw, where their
passports can be vised by respon
sible American Inspectors, are-good
so far as they go, but they should
be extended to cover the entire bat
tle area of central Europe. The
newly organized Jugo-Slavian and
other republics also must be required
to assemble their emigrants at a few
central points of embarkation for the
same purpose. - Roumanian and Bul
garian ports should be provided with
quarantining and disinfecting facili
ties on an adequate scale as a prime
condition of permitting their pas
senger ships to clear for the United
States.
An even more important, require
ment, however, is one that has been
made apparent only with recent
knowledge of the part that animals
play in the dissemination of disease.
A point for the international health
conference to consider at its session
in Paris in October will be the ad
visability of continuing quarantine
restrictions, not only untiK existing
human cases have been cleared up,
but until there is time to have de
stroyed the last rat and mouse in
the affected area, as virtually was
done in San Francisco in 1900. The
world is still somewhat handicapped
by the theory enunciated in The
Hague international health treaty of
191 Z, to the effect that a quarantine
may be lifted five days after the
last human victim is reported as
cured. There is ample reason for
believing that this is too liberal, and
tnat there are instances which war
rant much more drastic "restrictions.
One merit of the strictest possible
quarantine is that it furnishes an
incentive for the people of infected
ports to co-operate fully with munlci
pal and federal authorities in making
eradication speedy and effective.
Let all gather in convenient places
and "make medicine." that the in
jury to Mayor Baker's ankle shall
speedily be healed, for the mayor's
personality must greatly be In evi
dence In the next ten days to come.
Women dissatisfied with treatment
at Chicago would better not appeal
to ban Francisco. The average dem
ocrat does not consider woman in
politics whatever, though a few of
them maneuver him.
The lower Missouri valley is the
warmest section of country this week,
but this is corn weather and hot days
are to be expected. The people are
lucky to escape cyclones and tor
nadoes. The democrats will , have a won
derful chance If they only nominate
the right man, says William J. Bryan
Presume his ouija board has told
him the right man should have the
Initials W. J. B.
The Spokane iceman who inher
ited $60,000 and an English earldom
should be abundantly fortified against
a cold reception by his British cous
ins when he goes to claim his estate.
A jury of his peers having found
Dempsey not guilty, 'one may sup
pose the proper thing for the cham
pion to do will be to "trim" Mrs.
Dempsey on favoring opportunity.
The Spanish government has -issued
an edict against speeding. First
intimation we've had since Santiago
that any Spaniard anywhere was
exceeding the speed limit.
In the coming campaign we are
likely to hear a good deal from both
sides about 100 per cent American
Ism, and very little from either side
about 2.75 per cent beer.
The price of ice is to go up at
Hood River. Here is a chance for
A. Mitchell Palmer to make a melt
ing' appeal to the delegates at San
Francisco.
Having heard what the republican
party thinks' of the democrats, we
shall now be edified by what the
democratic party thinks of the re
publicans. The Louisiana house settled for a
time hope for the suffrage amend
ment. When will women realize
nothing can be gained from a south
ern state?
There will be two "fights" next
week, arranged for convenient nights.
part of .the general programme In
which nothing has been overlooked.
Wilson Is doing seme hand-picking
toward the close of his reign. Yes
terday he chose a Princeton man for
minister to Greece.
Portland settled down to the 8
cent fare yesterday, while Seattle
is talking of a 10-cent fare to visitors
and casuals.
Election day In November is Hard
ing's birthday. Some celebration
that! Why did not somebody call
tne turn. 7
The school election comes as the
city Is tiring for the week and unless
stirred and spurred many will neglect
io vote.
The Seattle bootlegger who offered
to sell to a "sparrow cop" tackled
the wrong "bird." which is unlike
Seattle.
There Is hardly as much as a piece
of string for a clew to the Dubinsky
mystery, put u it is a murder it will
out.
mats proper, Mr. Wells. Start
the winds up the compass and the
weather win take care of Itself.
Chinooks are entering the river
and visitors will eat fish that is roy-
, I . It, ' 1 1
tu iu tiuuuiy as wen as name.
, Mr. Burleson seems to think the
republican party should have pinned
a goia meaai on tiim.
Wireless men in London threaten
to strike and wireless men can. hit
uncer tne guareu
The nickel still has its uses but
more dimes are needed. '
BY.PRODCCTS OF THE TIMES.
Tie Bible Still the World's. Beat Sel
ler, Judged by Every Standard.
The Bible is still the world's best
seller, owned by more peonle and
actually read by more people than
any other book ever written or com
piled. This is its record year after
year. The figures of the American
Bible society show that in 1919 that
society printed 3,400,000 volumes, of
which 350.000 were complete Bibles.
650,000 were complete New Testa
ments and 3,600,000 were portions of
the Scripture. During Its existence
of 104 years It has printed 140.000.000
volumes,' of which 6.678,301 were New
Testaments distributed to soldiers of
our and other armies. This Is a great
record, but there are other large pub
lishing houses which isue Bibles in
various sizes and styles, chiefly in
the United States and England. These
add hundreds of thousands to the
number of Bibles and Testaments is
sued every year.
No book in all the ages has stood
the test of popularity and run the
gauntlet of criticism as has the Bible.
Profound volumes of criticism of the
Bible from those who reject it ut
terly as or divine origin and find
great fault with its contents, to those
which are of the "higher criticism"
and give it varying degrees of humaa
and divine origin, have been written
and more or less read, but they are
scarcely to be found anywhere save
on library shelves or In the window
of second-hand bookstores. The Bible
has outlasted them all and will conn
tlnue to do so, because It gives some
thing to suffering, groping, tolling
humanity which they do not. No
other book of any religion or of no
religion can compete with It in what
it offers to the human soul, and there-
rore notning can crowd It out or
take Its place or make It void so long
as man gropes in darkness and tor
row and needs a hope and help which
human words and hands cannot give.
Regardless of belief In the verbal in
spiration of the words it contains.
there is that in the Bible which gives
rest and peace and hope to the human
soul, and a book which does that can
not be destroyed. St. Louis Globe
Democrat.
The brilliant Robert Underwood
Johnson, who has been appointed to
the Italian ambassadorship, was one
day condemning "high art." He said:
'The artist who self-consciously
turns .out works that the general pub
lie can'.t understand well he deserves
the rebuke that Carlyle once got
without deserving it.
"Carlyle was showing an old Scotch
friend his sound-proof room built on
the top of his house In Chelsea. The
old fellow examined the room whence
nothing from the outside could either
be seen or heard, and then said with
a chuckle:
man, ivs grand! Here ye may
study and write all the rest of your
life and nobody be one bit the wis
er.' " Knickerbocker Press.
A certain young man, extremely
well known in club and sporting cir
cles, was so stirred the other day by
tne thoughts of the nationwide
drought that he sat him down
and composed, a lament, which he
fondly believed to be poetry, and
called it "A Cocktail." He sent It to
a weekly journal with a wide circula
tion among society folk and the edl
tor appreciated the value of the young
man's name as a contribution, also
the value of his contribution.
The "poem" duly appeared and then
the proud author received a communt
cation bearing the letterhead of-the
paper.
Ah, my check!" he thought, and
hastily opened, the envelope. Sure
enough, there was the check and i
note, which read:
Dear Sir: A man of your expert
ence, of course, knows what a cock
tall is worth. We inclose the regu
lar price." San Francisco Chronicle.
Sir Auckland Geddes, the new Brit
tsn ambassador at Washington, was
a splendid athlete in his college days.
and excelled at rugby.
T. P. O'Connor, the brilliant Irish
journalist and politician, is now the
oldest member of the house of com
mons In point of service.
Arnold Bennett, one of the highest
paid authors in the world, was
struggling lawyer before he turned
to literature as a profession.
A legend has grown up that Georges
Carpentier, the European champion
pugilist, now touring America, worked
In the mines In his native town of
Lens. This Is incorrect. Carpentier
Invested his savings in the mines of
Lens before the war, but he began
life as an office boy. Rocky Moun
tain News.
It is estimated that the gross yearly
Income of moving picture theaters In
this country is about 750 million dol
lars. In 26 years' time the public has
been educated to spend this huge
sum. There are 15,000 theaters, with
a total seating capacity of eight
million. This year 1200 more theaters
will be built at an aggregate cost o
72 Viillion dollars. San Francisco
Argonaut.
a
. The following appeared a few days
ago In the State Register, Springfield,
IU.: Many are the stories of Henry
Ford and his automobile, but HiMs
boro is relating what is called th
best of the season and the facts in
the ease are true. It happened In one
of the leading churches of the city
that the pastor took for the text o
his sermon, "Better Church Attend
ance." The pastor held that the au
tomobil had taken more people away
from the church than any other thing.
He concluded with the exclamation
"The Ford car has taken more peopl
to bell than any other thing that
can mention." .Whereupon an old lady
in the congregation began to clasp
her hands and moan: "Praise - the
Lord! Praise the Lord!" "What's th
matter?" asked the pastor, to which
he replied:
"The Ford never went any place It
couldn't make the round trip and I'm
sure that all those people In bell will
be back.- So praise the Lord!"
a
A rare and splendid collection of
92 drawing by old masters, owned by
Lord Lansdowne, were sold at auc
tion In London recently. These were
a. remarkable find, having been dis
covered at Bewood, after having bee
put away and forgotten tor many
years. They were probably purchased
by the third marquis between 1810
and 1830, and include works by Cas-
tague, Holbein, Rembrandt, Van
Dyke. Poussln, Guard! and Boucher.
One of the Holbeins was In the collec
tion of the earl of Arundel, who was
buying works of art to the time of
Charles I.
Those Who Come and Go.
"Here is a sample of the courtesy
shown strangers," said one of the
T. P. A. visitors. "I knocked the
rubber heel off my shoe going up in
the elevator last night. It was five
minutes-to six, and the shoe simply
had to be fixed. I inquired of several
bootblack stands where the shoe
could be repaired, and one chap
directed me to a repair shop. When
I arrived it was after 6 o'clock. The
man behind the counter looked tired
and cross. I asked him to attach the
rubber heel, and he refused. 'I've
been worked to death and should
have left here an hour ago,' he de
clared. 'But.' I explained, I am a
stranger in your city, here attending
the- convention, and I have an en
gagement tonight and this is the only
pair of shoes I have.' Give me the
aeel and shoe.' said the man. and in
minute he had the heel on again.
As you're a stranger.' said he. T
won't charge you a cent.' So I gave
him the best cigar I had In my
pocket."
Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Silkwood are
honeymooning at the Imperial. Mr.
Silkwood la a T. P. A. who makes
Portland his headquarters The bride,
Maude Elizabeth Whitmore. of Aurora,
Nebraska, arrived at 7 o'clock Mon
day night and was married within
an hour. It was a trying day for
the groom, however. When he ap
plied for his license, he was told
about a physician's certificate, and
it was two hours before he could find
physician In an office, and then he
had to go back to the courthouse,
present the health diploma and re
ceive the license from the cupld in
charge. Then, -after the bride-to-be
arrived, Mr. Silkwood had to hustle
around, to flna a minister, for It
appears tnat most or inem were away
from home just when he wanted one
most..
"Riding from Condon to Arlington.
yesterday, the country looked as
beautiful as the Willamette Valley
ever did, owing to the soaking rain
we have been having." says J. E.
Crowe, of Condon, at the Imperial.
There will be a great wheat crop
In our county this year." Mr. Crowe
has about finished his new hotel and
will have the opening around the
middle of July. Except for the cur
tains, shades and carpets, everything
In the place has been made in Oregon,
The gasoline shortage is noticeable
In Gilliam county, continues Mr.
Crowe, for the boys who used to
chug into town two or three times
a week In their gas wagons are now
riding In once a week on horseback.
and are conserving the gasoline for
the farm machinery.
While his friends were planning a
big wedding breakfast for him in
Condon yesterday, Phil Newman and
his bride were at the Multnomah
hotel. Mr. and Mrs. Newman stole a
march on their friends and will prob
ably have to par the consequences
when . they return home. Some 13
years ago Mr. Newman arrived at
conaon from Erin. Now he is a
wealthy sheepman and one of the few
who sold his wool this year at a good
rtgure. while other growers were
holding off, a buyer made a price to
Mr. Newman and he accepted it on the
spot. Getting married is likely to
rattle anyone, and yesterday at 3:45
I. M. Mr. Newman, In the midst of
receiving congratulations. remem
bered that he had forgotten to eat
breakfast.
w. E. Earnst of Waldport. Or., is
at the Hotel Oregon and Is in no
hurry to return home. Waldport Is
typical ocean village, on the shore of
beautiful bay, and there Is more
sea food available at Waldport than
at almost any other coast town in the
state. Waldport Isn't much of a Dlace
for summer vacationists because it Is I
difficult to reach, but going south
from there to Yachats a vacationist I
will find all the scenery, game, fish
and agates desired. The forest serv
ice has decided to Improve another
mile of the road to Waldport.
If the visiting Shriners starve for
meat next week it isn't the fault of
William Gross and Clarence Edwards
of Condon. Mr. Edwards brought four
carloads of cattle to Portland yester
day, and Mr. Goes escorted three car
loads. The shipments will come In
handy, as Portland will have to serve
many extra meals every day next
week. If 75,000 visitors come, as ex
pected, it will mean 225.000 extra
meals daily.
Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Marks and fam
ily of Canyon City and Mr. and Mrs.
William Schroeder, also of Canyon
fltl, m A t n n ... TT 1 3 .
the Imperial. Each family needed an
individual car. They report that the
gasoline shortage is not as bad as the
roads. Mrs. Marks is the daughter of
E. P." Gray, pioneer sheriff of Grant
county, and Mrs. Schroeder Is the
daughter of John Blake, a pioneer
merchant of Susanville, Or.
Mrs. Macgenn and daughters, of
Empire City, Or., are at the Perkins.
Men. Macgenn Is the wife of the skipper-bard
of the steamer Rose City.
To get to Empire City the traveler
must go from North Bend and the
route is over planks laid end to end.
in two narrow strips, for otherwise
the wheels of a machine would sink
in the sand.
"There doesn't appear to be a
gasoline shortage In the backwoods,"
says George H. "Kelly, member of the
Port of Portland commission, who
returned home from an outing trip
yesterday. "I was 60 miles back In
the woods, 25 miles beyond Oak
Ridge, and bought gasoline without
trouble. When I arrived at Eugene
I found gas available."
F. J. Miller gets to Portland from
Albany pretty frequently. If It isn't
road work that commands his atten
tion. It is chamber of commerce
duties, or business for his iron works.
At present the excuse for coming to
Portland is that he Is grand sentinel
of the 'grand chapter of the Order of
Eastern Star.
J. R. Clinton of Astoria. Is mingling
with the crowds in Portland. Mr.
Clinton was born in Astoria and says
that his family were there so far
back that they had to 'help dig a
channel in the mouth of the Columbia
so the expedition of Jack Jacob
Astor could come in-and establish
the settlement.
"Berry" Wann, who used to be an
Instructor at the Oregon Normal
school, breezed into Portland yester
day after an absence of about 15
years, more or less. He Is now an
Insurance agent at Oakland, Cal., and
Is here attending th Kiwanls conven
tion.. S. L. Newell, a stockman of "Madras.
Or., Is at the Perkins, having brought
a shipment of stock to feed the
visitors next week.
J. R. N. Bell of CorvaIlls. who has
been chaplain for the grand lodge
of Masons in Oregon for a quarter
of a century or more, is at the Im
perial. Sam Mothershead of Burns, one of
the democratic stalwarts, is in town
to attend the festivities, accompanied
by Mrs. Mothershead.
Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Deaper and
Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Collohan, motored
from Yakima. Wash., to the Hotel
Portland, on a business trip.
AMERICANISM OP" CONSTITUTION
rreeflom to Rime Is Essence of Lib
erty. Saya Republican Candidate.
Warren G. Hardin In address before Ohio
bociety.
Certain fundamentals are unchange
able and everlasting. Life without
toil i.ever was and never can be.
Ease and competence are not to be
seized in frenzied envy: they are the
reward of thrift and industry and de
nial. There can be no excellence
without great labor. There is no re
ward except as it Is merited. Lowered
cost of living and increased cost of
production are an economic fraud.
Capital makes possible while labor
produces, and neither ever achieved
without the other, and bu..i of them
together never wrought a success
without aenlus and management. No
one of them, through the power of )
great wealth, the force of knowledge,
or the might of great numbers, is
"kbove the law, and no one of them
shall dominate a free people.
There can be no liberty without se
curity, and there can be no security
without the supremacy of law and
the majesty of just government. In
the gleaming Americanism of the con
stitution there is neither fear nor
favor, but there are equal rights to
11, equal opportunities beckoning to
every man, and Justice untrammeled.
The government which surrenders to
the conspiracies of an influential few,
or yields to th intimidation of the
organized many, does justice to neith
er and none, and dims the torch of
Americanism which must light our
way to safety.
Governmental policies change, and
laws are altered to meet the changed
conditions whloh attend all human
progress. There are orderly pro
cesses for these necessary changes.
Let no one proclaim the constitution
unresponsive to the conscience of the
republic We have recently witnessed
its amendment with less than 18
months intervening between submis
sion and ratification, with some man
ifestation of sorrow marking the
fundamental change. It promptly re
sponds to American conviction, and
is the rock on which is bullded the
temple of orderly liberty and the
guaranteed freedom of the American
republic
The insistent problem of the day
magnified In the madness of war and
revealed In the extreme reaction from
hateful and destroyed autocracy to
misapplied and bolshevlst democracy,
like the pathos of Impotent Russia,
la the preservation of civil liberty
and all its guaranties. Let Russia ex
periment in her fatuous folly until
the world Is warned anew by her
colossal tragedy. And let every clam
orous advocate of the red regime go
to Russia and revel In its crimson
reign. This is law-abiding America!
Our American course is straight
ahead, with liberty under the law, and
freedom glorified in righteous re
straint. Reason illumines our onward
path, and deliberate, intelligent pub
lie opinion reveals every pitfall and
byway which must be avoided. Amer
ica spurns every committal to the
limits of mediocrity, and bida every
man to -climb to the heights and re
wards him as he merits it- This is
the essence of liberty and made us
what we are. Our system may be im
perfect, but under it we have wrought
to world astonishment, and we are
only fairly begun.
firk riGinufa in the old day,
Mr. Colics TTss Strang Recollection of
Deep Mad and Bard Work.
PORTLAND, . June 15. (To the
Editor.) As one of the real old time
members of the Portland volunteer
fire department I was very much
interested In reading the very enter
taining sketch of its early history,
with much of which I was personally
conversant, as published in the maga
zine section of the Sunday Oregonian.
While I do not claim to bo the oldest
member of that department, I will
state as a matter of fact, that I was
a member of old Multnomah No.
from 1857 to I860. We first had the
little old Vaughn tub, after which
we got our new machine which was
heavy draught and a man-killer on
the brakes.
Frank Goodwin was our first fore
man and Brooks Trevett, assistan
and secretary. Later on A. B. Hal
lock was foreman and. If my memory
is correct, Joe Buchtel assistant.
recall, among others, as members at
that time George L. Story, A. L.
Davis. Steve Skidmore. Joe Bachman.
C. L. Ripley. Henry Leraine and Abe
Stuart.
It was no picnic to run with the
machine in those days, when tbe
streets were not paved, and often
knee deep in mud. A portion of the
time I ran with the hose and It was
no uncommon thing to be called out,
perhaps on a false alarm, on a Sun
day evening, when a fellow had on
his Sunday-go-to-meeting clothes pre
paratory to taking bis best girl to
church. After running a mile to the
fire and unreeling 500 or 1000 feet o
hose in tbe mud foot deep, and
reeling it up aga'n and hauling
back to the station, at the expense
of a good suit of clothes, he was
neither in presentable shape nor
pious frame of mind to attend the
evening services.
I recall an Incident: Returning
from Vancouver on the steamboat one
very hot day, I heard the clang o
the fire bell Just as we were landing
at the dock. Losing no time.
rushed post haste to the engine house
at Second and Oak streets. The fir
was in the old California house, on
Second near Morrison. There wer
only six ot us to pull tbe old machine
out and a few more joined us on the
way. It was a very hot day and an
extremely hot old fire and we were
very short handed. We worked like
Trojans for two hours in. the awfu
heat and as usual, about the time we
got the fire out, the shirkers cam
flocking In to be In time for roll call,
and being fresh themselves they got
hold of the ropes yelling "shake he
up boys," and started on a big run
for the engine house. Of course, w
who had pulled the engine out and
put out the fire, "were all in," and
when we reached the engine hous
a. number of us collapsed.
Such were some of the experiences
of pioneer fire life.
JOHN W. CULLEX.
733 Fourth street.
Error In City Founder's Name.
PORTLAND, June 15. (To the Ed
Itor.) In an article entitled "Rose
Festival Falls on City's 75th Birth
day," in The Oregonian. mention
made of Amos L Lovejoy as one of
the founders of the city.
Mr. Lovejoy's name was Asa L.
Lovejoy. This error I have noticed
several times lately in articles about
the early history of Portland and
also occurs In the history of Oregon
by Eva Emery Dye.
Amos L. Lovejoy Is a son of the
founder of Portland and was not born
until several years after the city
was founded.
Asa L. Lovejoy also had a younger
brother named Amos L. Lovejoy, but
who never was in Oregon.
A. C. GOWDY.
261 Blandena street.
) .
Citizenship and Realdenee Abroad.
WIVLOCK. Wash., June 15. tTo
the Editor.) John Thompson, born in
Canada and a naturalized citizen of
the United States, went back to Can
ada in 1906. remained until 1919 and
did not register with the United
States consul. Does he lose his citi
zenship in the United Ststes?
A CONSTANT READER.
Failure to register with a. consul
while absent from the United States
does not forfeit one's citizenship.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Montague.
A Chang of Heart.
I mind that In the days of old.
A certain spite I used to harbor,
A certain grouch I used to hold.
Against my soft voiced friend, the
barber.
He knew that I despised shampoos
I always savagely repel them
H knew that tonics I. won't use.
And yet he'd always try to sell them.
He'd talk about my thinning hair.
That tactful people do not mention:
He'd make a bald spot here and there
A subject of verbose attention.
And every time the barber shop
Became a bit subdued
He'd say, "Tour hair la c-rav on inn
For half a dollar I can dye it."
How often I have longed to rise.
in a burst or Indignation,
Pour down his throat his dopes and
ayes .
And thereby end the converasf inn
But when a razor's poised above
"ne 9 neck a blade of deadly
keenness .
fs best to be most careful nf
A temper that Inclines to meanness.
But now my barber's on a strike.
iiy disposition is more mellow:
do not hate. I rather like
The kindly, gentle fina-ererl fellnw
He clips my hair and gives me shaves.
tsui noids with me no more com
munion: And rm rejoiced because he eaves
xiis conversation for the union.
Loklna; Oa.
Russia hasn't been admitted t
league of nations, but she knows
where all the knot holes in the '
fence are.
s
Especially In Campaigns.
An altruist and his money ara mm
parted.
s
Tbe Open Season.
Crows fly high In convention time.
(Coprrlrbt. 1SC0. by Bell 6yndleat Inc
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Yearn Ago.
From The Orea-onian of June 15. lsng.
Seattle In the first of ths roast
championship baseball games played
nere yesterday tne Portland Amateur
Athletic club defeated the Seattle
Athletic club. 17 to 1.
Congressman W. R. Ellis of Hepp-
ner, accompanied by his wife and son,
is at the Perkins hotel.
The Protestant Episcopal conven-
tlon of the diocese of Oregon com
pleted Its labors yesterday, after a
session of two and a half days, and
adjourned.
The O. R. & N. will run a special
coach Monday for the benefit of Port-
and Elks who will visit Cascade
Locks.
Fifty Y ears Ago. '
From The Oresonlan of June 15. 1S7V
Washington The present consump
tion of wood in the United States Is
enormous. In a single year the loco
motives consume $56,000,000 worth of
wood and 150.000 acres are cut an
nually for railroad tics.
The grand lodge. A. F. and A. M..
will meet next week at Astoria and
excursions to Cape Disappointment
and Fort Stevens are on the pro
gramme. Dr. Glissn will soon commence work
upon his brick block at the corner of
First and Ash streets.
Mrs. F. F. Victor, author of "The
River of the West." returned last
evening from a tour up the Columbia
nd snake rivers.
FR.E-WAW KKKICIKN'CY' ABNORMAL
Competitions for Jobs Forcrd Men to
Work Beyond Their Strength.
COTTAGE GROVE, Or, June 14.
(To the Editor.) Rarely Indeed do I
read the editorial page of The Ore
gonian without finding Interesting
and valuable information on one. or
more often several, live topics of the
day. The editorial on "Doing Justice
to Labor" is a splendid example of
the service an editorial page may
render. It should be read by every
workman and employer In the state
as an agent for clarifying the indus
trial situation.
But there is one phase of the ques
tion I have never seen discussed. The.
"pre-war efficiency" of labor was, to
some extent, the result of highly un
desirable conditions. Business was
In a bad way and low returns to both
capital and labor had curtailed pro
duction to the point that there was
not enough active industry to keep
labor occupied and the competition
for jobs was keen. Many men, driven
by the needs of their families, worked
beyond their strength to hold their
jobs while other men hung around
waiting tor tne pace to compel men
to fall out and leave an opening for
them. Let us sincerely hope that
conditions will never again force
labor to a full 100 per cent of "pre
war efficiency."
Most worklngmen take a pride In
doing a good day's work and with
sturdy American honesty try to earn
their pay. Men who claim only 60
per cent or 60 per cent efficiency
from their employes will do well to
start a reform around the office and
maybe they will discover that the
trouble is close home. Management
Is half the game. OMER MOORE.
Waaea of Employe Who Quits.
WAUN'A. Or.. Juno 15. (To the Ed
itor.) A. says that when a man quits
his job the company can withold his
pay for three days. B. says 24 hours
and C. says that the man has to re
ceive all that is coming to him Im
mediately. Who is ris?ht?
A SUBSCRIBER.
When an employer discharges an
employe or where the employment Is
terminated by mutual agreement
wages earned are payable immediate
ly. When an employe not under con
tract sees fit to quit all earned and
unpaid wsges are payable Immediate
ly, provided he has given three days'
notice: if such notice has not been
given such wages are due and pay
able three days after he quits. When
employes enter upon a strike wages
earned are not due or payable until
the next regular payday, but must
be paid in 30 days if the regular
payday does not fall within that time.
The law for the foregoing is chapter
24, general laws of Oregon, 1919.
Secret Service Positions.
PORTLAND, June 15. (To the Ed
itor.) Please inform me in reference
to getting an appointment with the
secret service and to whom I must
apply. WILLIAM ANDERSON.
Write to Chief of Secret Service.
Treasury Department. Washington.
D. C.
Qualifications for Chrlstealsg.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
"We want some girl to christen
this ship."
"What are the qualifications. Gov
ernor?" "Almost any girl will do who has a
bottle of champagne."