10,
THE 3IORXIXG OTtEGOXIAX, TUESDAY, 3fAT
1020
ittormnjj rmrian
JSTABUSHED BV HENRI L. rlTTOCK.
iTubllehed by The Oreponlan Publishing Co..
' 135 Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon.
,.'P. A. MORDEX. E. B. PIPER,
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,,. T1K SI-CAR CALAMITY.
', The two important commodities
Ernest prominent in the public eye
tbecause of the record prices they
ow command are sugar and pota
"Vors, but they occupy widely differ
ent positions in their relation to the
Ufood problem. It probably is true
that potato prices are to a large
extent legitimately influenced by the
'"'law of supply and demand. There
l-re signs, indeed, that total stocks of
"the tubers at present in existence are
'-!fr below normal for this time of the
year.
Z ; , There is therefore the choice be
ftween going ahead and using them
Slavishly, wasting a good portion as is
our wont, at the old rrices, and cur
tailing consumption, through high
r prices, to the point where all will
be impelled to check waste and
-: many forced to go without. The
latter will meanwhile extract such
comforts as is possible under the cir
cumstances from "the reflection that
until Queen Elizabeth's time pota
toes were not eaten by civilized men
and that for a hundred and fifty
years after that the potato was
practically unknown to the masses.
It was not mentioned in works on
agriculture as late as 1720. and
people' contrived very well to get
along with a potatoless bill of fare.
But although sugar has a some
what similar 'history as a popular
commodity, having been chiefly, and
then in the form of raw cane, a curi
osity in the time of the same Queen
Elizabeth, it has entered so largely
into the processes of preserving
other desirable foods for future use
that Its ascension to a practically
prohibitive price attains the propor
tions of a national calamity. It- is
not alone the taste of sugar In its
simple form of which we are de
prived, but also the vehicle for the
exercise of one of the highest forms
of waste nrevention. There is a
seasonal example of this in rhubarb.
or pie plant, a highly desirable ar
ticle in the diet because of the min
eral salts that it contains. Rhubarb
ordinarily Is easy to grow and is
relatively cheap. Thrifty housewives
not only serve It on their tables in
tile spring but can it in quantity. It
Requires, however, a good deal of
sugar to make it palatable and at
present prices of sugar rhubarb is
being used only sparingly in its
fresh state and is not being canned
at all
JJt is difficult to gee. indeed, what
4s going to become-of the home can
ning industry unless sugar - goes
-Jown, 6r what will come to pass
. In the fruit-growing industry in gen-
eral. If we are to be restricted td
--eating each fruit in its season only,
there will inevitably be vast curtail
ment of an important food supply,
just at the time when we can least
afford to waste a single thing that
""Tvas made to eat. Commercial can-
-ning, notwithstanding its great
growth in the past decade, repre
,:. sents less a process of turning to ac -
.count commodities that otherwise
would be wasted than does the can
- ning that is going on in millions of
.Jhomes. These -absorb the greater
part of the fruits that decline in
.5 iprica when the market for immedi-
'.ate consumption becomes glutted.
tWith the home canners no longer
buying fruit because they cannot af-
ford to use sugar in preserving it,
Z millions of pounds of small fruits
J and berries will, rot in their con-
tainers, if they are picked at all.
There are. it is true, other ways
of" preserving fruit. Drying is one
i method, which does not, however,
lend itself readily to home economy
I on a. small scale, and preserving
J- without sugar . is another, but the
latter also has serious drawbacks in
the hands of the inexperienced. rOur
ii-hole domestic system of fruit-can-
ning revolves around the sugar sup-
ply. It is impracticable to revolu
f J-'pnize it in time for the forthcoming
Ifjjrop. The wholajbusiness is threat
jawed by the present and prospective
status of the sugar market.
!!The Issue will be important from
;;2Ke time that June strawberries ap
;1ar until the last October peach is
JJjrot away in its glass jar. Sorrow-Jf-uily
enough, housewives are al
.ieady beginning to. revise their sum
i 'mer canning programme. The im
Iportant fact that every jar of fruit
"CIuat is not put up this year probably
J twiU represent the equivalent amount
; .that will be absolutely wasted will
give a iunp to -tne .interest that all
- Americans are taking in the an
nouncement made a few days ago
I that Attorney General-Palmer had
instituted inquiry to determine
whether the advance in sugar prices
is the result of criminal conspiracy.
v The potato famine means nothing
', - but disappearance of the potato from
the menu; sugar at thirty cents a
" pound carries down with it the sur-
-plus product of every orchard in the
-land.
-'further extension of war inven
tions to peace uses is reflected by
the United States bureau of fisher
ies in its announcement that an ar
rangement has been perfected be
V tween the bureau and the aviation
service of the navy by which naval
; 'seaplanes will be utilized for spot-
; ting and reporting schools of fish
for the benefit of fishermen. Ves
; sels of the fishing . fleet are to be
eq-ulpped with radio instruments and
seaplanes will use the latest type of
communication developed for theiful Balkan confederation, which -will
purpose of locating: and reporting want an outlet on the Adriatic sea
submarines during: the war. Experts j for all its members. Greece will ba
believe that there is no practical jealous of Italy's possession of Av-
reason why the scheme should notiona and of her protectorate over
succeed, and, with the element of. Albania, and will want eaual power
chance largely eliminated from the
fishing industry, there ought to be
art immense increase in our annual
catch. It is pointed out that there
is no danger of exhausting tha sup
ply of food in this manner, since
the depths of the sea contain in all
probability so vast a supply that hu
man efforts would be unlikely to
deplete it But Americans are not
a fish-eating people, and there Is
some prospect that more fish will
be caught than the market can ab
sorb. .
ACADEM1C.
A favorite argument of the anti
capital punishment cult is that there
were fifty-nine murders committed
in Oregon in the five years preceding
abolition of the death penalty, and
in the five years following there
were but thirty-six murders.
Those figures are interesting, if
true. Who knows if they are true?
What authority has been keeping the
homicide record in the state?
But let us suppose that the statis
tics are authentic. It follows then
that murder flourishes most and
best when the punishment is most
severe, and diminishes when it is
milder. Probably the murderer mur
ders in sheer resentment at the
threat of the gallows, and probably
he ceases to ply his wicked pursuit
when he has only a term in prison
to fear.- It is queer logic if it is
logic. But it is not logic. It is non
sense.
It would be more pertinent to the
great need of the times if the investi
gators who have been tracing the
Story of Oregon murders for ten
years would let us know how many
of the fifty-nine were convicted and
were hanged and how many of - the
thirty-six were convicted and are
now in prison.
The real reproach to our judicial
system is not that -men are hanged
for murder, but that they are set
frt;e and neither hanged nor sent to
prison. The question of capital pun
ishment is almost entirely academic.
There is no such thing, except on the
rarest occasions.
A I.n.L IX SHIPBUILDING.
The peak of American shipbuild
ing for private account is at hand,
according to a bulletin from the At
lantic Coast Shipbuilders' associa
tion. This is the inference from the
small volume of new orders in March
as compared with October. The bulk
of new construction is tankers.
which show an increase of 130,000
gross tons in March over February,
while freighters show a decrease of
nearly 60,000 tons. Owing to the
great demand for oil all over the
world, and probably to the increased
number of oil-burning ships, 104
tankers of 722,000 gross tons were
imder construction at the end of
March.
These facts hardly justify belief
that American shipbuilding is to ex
perience a decline as sudden as its
rise. Cost is high, freights tend
downward and the general business
outlook is - uncertain. The emer
gency fleet is yet to be sold, no man
can foretell when or at what prices.
These conditions do not encourage
shipping men to contract for new
tonnage. All are waiting to see which
way the cat will jump before as
suming heavy obligations.
But world tonnage has only about
recovered the actual loss during the
war. It still has to make up the
normal increase which should have
been built during five years. Many
ships were so overworked and neg
lected that they must have expensive
repairs or be junked. When the
world does settle down to work, so
many nations will have great defi
ciencies to make up in the way. of
necessaries that the ocean-carrying
business should be very active for a
few,years.- A lull is at' hand in ship
building, but it should be followed
by renewed activity, which may con
tinue Indefinitely.
nOIE AS A Bl'FFER STATE.
Acceptance by Italy and Jugo
Slavia of President Wilson's plan
for settlement of the Fiume dispute
j is a diplomatic success for the pres-
ident. It prevents Slavs from be
ing put under Italian rule, Italians
from being put under Slav rule, and
it blocks the scheme to compensate
Jugo-Slavia . for the loss of Flume
by giving it Scutari, which would
have been taken from Albania.. The
principle of self-determination is
thus followed In the sense that the
people of the Fiume state are not
to be under alien rule, but the Ital
ians are denied union with Italy
which they desired, and the Slavs
are denied union with Jugo-Slavia,
which they desired. The only sat
isfaction gained by either party is
that the other does not get the
prize. -
If the history of the state of Fiume
should resemble that of other buf
fer states its lot will not be a happy
one. The purpose of a buffer state
is to keep apart two nations which
cherish such bitter enmity that each
is likely at any moment to leap' at
the other. But the nations in ques
tion regard the buffer as something
to be smashed in order that they
may get at each other, and they
smash it. That is what Germany
did to Belgium, and it took the
power of half the world to break
the German grip. Belgium has re
fused to be a buffer again, has re
jected its former neutral status and
has asserted its full sovereign right
to make any alliance it pleases.
When Russia and Prussia became
great powers Poland sank to the
status of a buffer state, and they
removed it by dividing it between
them and with Austria. A small
state would betler take the risk of
alliance with one or other of its
big neighbors than, to be a stand
ing invitation to invasion by the
more aggressive of them.
Flume will be in a worse position
for it will be between two nations.
each or which claims it as right
fully its own. There will doubtless
be Italian and Slav parties, which
will keep the racial fued to the
front and will agitate for annexation
to Italy or Jugo-Slavia. The pros
pect is that there will be constant
agitation and propaganda. As col
onizing is an old game, practiced
when Hungary had control, it may
be practiced again in order to cre
ate a majority for annexation to one
country or the other. Each nation
will be anxious to remove the buffer
by absorbing it. Jugo-Slavia is no
match for Italy at present, but it
may become a member of a power.
on the Adriatic. Roumania may
tire of having frontage on the Black
sea only and may help the Jugo
slavs in exchange for maritime
rights on the Adriatic.
Fiume's troubles are not ended,
for it has still to dispose of
D'Annunzio, the mad poet. Its trou
bles may have just begun, for it will
be an object of contention at the
meeting point of two rival nations.
It is reduced to the position of
Berwick on Tweed, which was al
ternately English and Scotch for
hundreds of years and ended by be
ing neither, for It is separately
named in royal proclamations as
"our royal borough of Berwick, on
Tweed." Peace reigns there, for
England and Scotland have become
in effect one nation, but there is
no possibility of such a merger be
tween Italy ,and Jugo-Slavia.
.ALL'S FAIR ITS' POLITICS?
In some of the Oregon newspapers
there was published in 'April, on au
thority of the Hiram Johnson cam
paign, an advertisement containing
this suggestion
"If the voter now registered as
'democrat,' 'prohibitionist' or 'inde
pendent' wants to be sure of his
rights to cast a ballot for Johnson
he should change his party affilia
tion to 'republican' by April 20."
Here we have an illustration of
the Johnson idea of party integrity
and the square deal. Political party
clothes are donned to be shucked
for any passing reason or fancy.
Nomination as a republican may be
sought openly from others than re
publicans. In the state of California, re
formed and purified, so we are led
to believe, by the almost unaided
personal efforts of Mr. Johnson
when governor, the voter registered
as a democrat or a prohibitionist
or indepeirdent need not go to the
humiliating trouble of pretending
that he has changed his political
mind if he desires to vote for a can
didate on some other ticket than his
own. The democrat or prohibition
ist or independent in California may
ask for a republican ballot at the
polling booth, and get it and vote it
without question.
But in Oregon we have'' aimed at
a different kind of political ethics.
The voter is required to state his
party affiliation, if any, at the time
he registers, and he is also required
to make oath to the statement that
he has registered as a member of
that party in good faith. It is fur
thermore provided that any voter
who falsely swears to any affidavit
required by the act shall be deemed
guilty of perjury and be punished
accordingly.
The f ramers of the law did not de
fine as corrupt practices attempts
to. induce voters to violate their
registration oaths. Perhaps it .was
assumed that the general criminal
statute relating to subornation of
perjury covered it. But it is written
into the statutes of Oregon, in the
preamble of the direct primary law
there placed by vote of the people
that "it is as great a wrong to the
people, as well as to the members of
a political party, for one who Is not
known' to be one of its members to
vote or take any part at any election
or other proceeding of such political
party, as it is for one who is not a
qualified registered elector to vote
at any state election or take any
part in the business of the state."
The Johnson appeal for an'in
vasion of the republican party by
members of other parties exhibits a
loose regard for the spirit and in
tent of Oregon law.
DISCUSSION' IS OPES TO COMMUNISTS.
Communists seem to advocate rev
olution in the United States in des
pair of winning by constitutional
means or of doing so without an in
tolerably long wait, but if they have
confidence in the soundness of their
principles they should not despair of
success by any . means other than
bloodshed. The British labor party
proposes adoption of communism in
substance, but by constitutional agi
tat ion it has gained such strength
that it has voted down direct action
by an immense majority and has de
cided on political action as the short
est and easiest way to victory.
So thoroughly communist is that
party that It aims "to secure for tht
producers the common ownership of
the means of production and control
of each industry or service." It de.
mands that the supplies of food and
other necessaries of life and all pub
lic utilities "shall be acquired by the?
state and it also demands "national
ization of all land." It proposes to
"establish democratic control of in
dustry, giving every man and woman
a share in the control of their daily
work . . as well as a voice in the man
agement of their affairs as citizens
and consumers. It would not permit
the individual citizen to have "more
than a fair share of the national in
come" and proposes "public appro
priation of the surplus continually
arising above the national minimum'
and to "divert all surplus wealth to
the service of the community."
This i3 as outright communism as
that of Russia, but by constant and
skillful propaganda the labor party
has won recruits in the middle class.
It has . won several bye-elections
since the general election in Decern.
ber, 1918, and in others its candi
dates have run a good second to
those of the coalition. It is now ree
ognized as the second party in
strength, and Lloyd George and
Churchill have summoned all other
parties to combine against it as the
champion of bolshevism. Yet they
do not question its right to advocate
its principles by free speech and a
free press.
If the communists were to pro
mote their theory by lawful means
only In this country, the same free
dom would not be denied them. They
could talk, write and print commun
ism without restraint, and no officer
of the law would Interfere with
them. The law's quarrel is not with
.their principles but with the means
which they propose for putting those
principles in effect. Communism is
probably opposed by 99 per cent of
the American people, but they would
not forbid any person to advocate it;
they only refuse to permit resort to
force in imposing it on them against
the will of the majority, or to per
mit advocacy of force.
While communists protest that the
rights of free speech and free press
are violated, they ignore the distinc
tion between advocacy of their prin
ciples and advocacy of revolutionary
means to put those principles into j
effect. They lead their opponents
also to ignore that distinction. The
result is that any communist is re
garded as a revolutionist and that
communists forfeit rights which they
might enjoy without hindrance if
they would confine themselves to
constitutional means.
The American people have no fear
of open discussion of the compara
tive merits of democracy and com
munism, for the latter theory is so
fundamentally unsound that there is
no danger of its acceptance by so
intelligent, educated a people as the
Americans. It has been imposed by
force only on Russia, which is two
thirds illiterate and has been thrown
off its mental balance by oppression,
war, revolution and famine. Methods
of voting in the British labor unions
make their ballots no true indication
of opinion, but spread of communism
in Britain has been aided by class
divisions, which are sharpened by
class ownership of land and by the
power of the labor unions and the
ambition of their leaders. Spread
of that theory has also been, hastened
by the war, the revolution and the
prevailing distress in Europe. The
British people are so well grounded
in devotion to personal liberty that
they do not fear open debate- with
the communist. Americans, whose
republic is founded on the same
principle, have still less cause for
fear. Let the communists stick to
democratic methods and they may
have unlimited freedom of speech
and writing. By rejecting those
methods and resorting to revolution.
they confess the weakness of theif
case.
MAKING IT KAST.
There is almost no limit to the
possibilities suggested by the an
nouncement of the federal director
of the national park service that
work will be begun immediately on
installation of an elevator from the
floor of the Tosemite valley to the
crest of Glacier point. The perpen-
icular distance is 3164 feet. Some
thing like this feat is achieved by
hoists in deep mines, but nothing
remotely approaching it exists in any
machinery made for lifting men
above the surface of the earth. The
height of Glacier point, which it is
proposed to reach by elevator, above
the floor of the valley is nearly six
times that of the Washington monu
ment; it is a dozen times as great
as that of a good many buildings in
the skyscraper class.
The tendency to make it easy to
commune with nature in her loftiest
moods is in keeping with the spirit
of the times. It is doubtful, on the
whole, whether nature study will
suffer greatly by being thus made
more convenient to larger numbers
of people. The notion that moun
tain climbing is inspiring only be
cause it requires a lot of hard work
is out of date. It is true that one
is in the main more likely to appre
ciate the things he has been com
pelled to strive for, but it is also true
that the hardships of many ventures
are so great as practically to exclude
from enjoyment of them all but the
hardiest of outdoor sportsmen. The
automobile stage and the modern
hotel have done much to popularize
the scenery of our national parks
by making them accessible to mil
lions who otherwise would never see
them.
Relatively few men or women can
spare the time nowadays to view
the wonders eft nature in the old
fashioned ways. Those past middle
age are excluded from the' mountain
tops by their - physical limitations.
For the younger set, the natural-
born mazamas of the world, there
will always be peaks to climb; It
will not detract from their pleasure
to have a few wonder spots brought
within reach ' by cable and cage, as
journeys have been otherwise short
ened by railroads to the very gates
Spiritual eagerness is wholly com
patible with physical inability to toil
painfully upward over a rude trail
to an altitude of 3164 feet.
Vain Is the beauty of the sky, said
Wordsworth, unless we have also
learned to love it, or words to that
effect. But love of nature is not
necessarily non-existent in the indi
vidual who is compelled by clrcum
stances to take a short cut to it. The
fight to exclude modern means of
transportation from the great parks
was founded on the idea that only
pedestrians and hardy climbers de
served to enjoy grand scenery. The
Tosemite park elevator commands
attention not only as a striking me
chanical accomplishment, but also as
a means of bridging the gap between
a marvelous nature picture and the
many who would otherwise never be
able to see it at all.
If Chief Flynn of the secret ser
vice has any more windows on four
teenth floors, he can solve a knotty
affair by leaving them to other
anarchists and bombth rowers for
suicidal purpose. It will be a sav
ing of time, trouble and money.
When Americans in Mexico are
compelled to board American war
vessels to assure safety, it is time
this nation did more than wire or
write to somebody down there about
it. That is a real job for the White
House, Inc. .
In the three states of Alabama,
Georgia and Tennessee during March
447 illicit stills were seized and de
stroyed, thus damaging a profitable
industry. "Them revenooers" are
mighty industrious.
The ex-kaiser is about to move
from Amerongen to Doom. Bill
seems to have changed his mind per-
manently about taking up quarters
In Paris.
Nineteen preachers turned down
offers to take the pastorate of an
Albany church. Must figure Albany
is so good it doesn't need any pastors,
Enough murders are charged to
Huirt now and why not release him
to the state of Washington, where he
has a brisk chance of being hanged?
The walkout of the bakers may
knock down a long row of bricks.
Let us hope the trouble is over be
fore the festal days begin.
"Maryland, My Maryland!" sang
Leonard and Hiram, but not in
unison nor in harmony.
Too bad General Pershing didn't
try kissing 'em In Nebraska before
the election.
We will venture to guess that the
striking bakers are after more
dough.
BY -PRODUCTS OF THE TIMES
It Vaa Chamee That Led Geaeral I
PeraktnK Into Soldler'a Life. ,
"Chance made John Pershing a sol
dier, as chance directs the destinies of
all great men," remarked Robert A.
Hunter of St. Louis. "If it hadn't
been for the burglary "of Pershing's
home in Laclede, Mo., John Pershing
would not have commanded the Amer
ican expeditionary forces in France.
He would have been a school teacher,
perhaps. There were six children in
the Pershing family three boys and
three girls.
"John Pershing received a country
school education, and when he was
about IS he entered the normal school
at Kirksville. It was while he was
at Kirksville that the Pershing home I
and store were robbed. John's father
was away from home at the time and
his mother became so nervous over
the robbery that she sent for John to
come home. He went immediately.
"Lounging around the house Persh
ing's eye caught an announcement in
the paper that there was to be an ex
amination for West Point at a town
called Trenton, 40 miles away. He
told his mother he would like jto go
over and find out what a boy had to
know to get into West Point. Next
day he hitched up a team and drove to
Trenton. When he returned he had
passed the examination and was ap
pointed. It was pure chance.
"Had not the store been robbed
and his mother frightened int4 send
ing for her son, John Pershing never
would have seen the announcement of
the West Point examination and
never would have been a soldier.
Pershing once was a section hand
on a railroad, and he was a good sec
tion hand, I am told." Washington
Post.
The story of how the order of Elks
turned itself into a big brother so
ciety for the benefit of the disabled
soldiers Is one of the most inspiring
narratives that have come out of the
war. As told before the house com
mittee on education by J. W. Lysons
of the war relief commission organ
ized by the Elks, it shows a combina
tion of sympathy and practical assist
ance that deserves to stand as
model. Finding itself at the signing
of the armistice with unappropriated
funds, the commission selected from
numerous suggestions for the dlsposi-
tlon of this money the plan of aiding
in the work of the board for voca
tional education. The sum of $100,-
000 was set aside for this purpose, and
an additional sum of $200,000 was
made available as a revolving fund to
be lent to young men In training who
were in need of aid. There were
many soldiers who" were unable to en
ter training because they did not have
money for their first month's ex
penses. What have be$n the results?
Of the total of 26,000 men in training
under the vocational board, no fewer
than 32,574 have received help from
the Elks. The amount loaned to them
has reached over $400,000, of which
over $200,000 has been repaid.
This is the smaller half of the story.
What the Elks really gave was some
thing rarer and more precious than
money human sympathy and persis
tent personal effort. This was needed
in a special manner. Men had to be
persuaded to take up vocational train
ing. Some of them had the feeling
that the country owed them a living.
Some were earning good incomes by
selling or even begging on the street-
Some were disheartened. In many in
stances, representatives of the Elks
went before the board and worked to
shorten the delay that hung over it
like a curse. All these activities re
quired tact and patience as well as
the will to help. The Elks have given
a notable demonstration of true com
munal effort. New Tork Evening
Post.
Gray Gables, the famous summer
estate of the late President Cleveland
at BuzzaVds Bay, not so far from
Woods Hole, has gone back to its
original owner, Mrs. Tudor, from
whom Mr. Cleveland purchased it
many years ago," said "Willie" Jef
ferson, son of the late Joseph Jeffer
son, who was America's greatest com
edian. Mr. Jefferson gained consider
able fame about 15 years ago when he
stepped in one night when the elder
Jefferson was taken sick and played
the part of Bob v Acres in . Sheridan'
"The Rivals." "Willie" made some-
) thing of a hit sin the part, and from
that time on he took up his father's
work every season after the latter
had played for a few weeks each
spring. He continued to play "The
Rivals" for seven years.
"My father and President Cleveland
were close friends, as I presume most
persons know," continued Mr. Jeffer
son. "Cleveland spent a year and a
half at our home on Buzzards Bay be-
fore he purchased Gray Gables, and
he also was for several months at the
Florida plantation. Whenever they
got together they didn't wait to con
sider what they would do, but the
president and. father would pick up
their fishing tackle and start for
some fishing ground. It didn't mat
ter where it might be; all they wanted
was the pleasure of casting a line.
They would fish for days, and some
times wouldn't get any, but 'that
didn't matter if they could, talk and
smoe. vvasmngion rosu
It may be that the great and con -
stant gamble with bugs, weather and
markets la on. of the thine that
, , . . ... ,
makes farming so fascinating. Ths
general public, does not realize that
agriculture Is Just about as certain
as speculating in oil stocks. Observe
these facts and doubt the statement
if you can:
One day of unusual heat at the
critical time may reduce the yield of
an oat field 25 per cent. "
A few hours of rain can half ruin a
crop of wheat.
Potato yield may be reduced from
23 to SO per cent by a short dry spell.
One cold rain can ruin an apple
crop.
One hot, muggy day may entirely
spoil a crop of beans.
And to these features must be add
ed the fact that countless insects are
at constant war with the farmer and
that, after he has brought his crop
through all these dangers, he has
practically nothing to say about the
prices he gets. The Nation's " Busi
ness. It casts a light on Russian affairs to
knov that there is no word for "effi
ciency" in the Russian language. Al
though some nations exaggerate the
importance of efficiency until It be
comes a mania Germany, for ex
ample -the lack of the Idea in Rus
sian speech is reflected in most Rus
sian activities. Kansas City Star.
Those Who Come and Go.
With 100. 000 tons of TNT the rocky
canyon on the Roseburg-Coos bay
road is being blasted. M. S. Boss,
who is the "Co." of John Hampshire
Co.. was in the city yesterday and
reported progress of the job. The
firm has a 14--mlle section between
Camas valley and Remote, the touRh
est, worst part of the entire road be
tween the Umpqua valley ana ine
r-.oast. Two steam shovels are at
wor) and there are 150 men in action
By June 1 the right-of-way will be
cleared and the heavy rock work fin
ished and the steam shovels will be
spt aitarkiiiF at each end of the job
and workinir toward the middle. The I
highway through the canyon will
have a 20-foot roadbed. bince No-
v ember, when the contractors went in.
the road has been closed ana tnc
stage had to use the old Coos bay
military wagon road when the weath
er permitted. Today, tor tnc itrsi
time this year, the stage will resume
operations.
Roy Klein, secretary of the etate
highway commission, imparted such
cood news to J. S. Stewart ot Lor-
vallis yesterday that Mr. Stewart, to
celebrate, due uo his Panama hat.
Mr. Klein says that the commission.
at its next meeting, will call for bids
for grading and surfacing with ma
cadam the seven-mile stretch of
highway between Thirty Mile and
Mayville. Mr. Stewart has' been pes
tering the commission lor months to
have this work let. but a shortage of
engineers caused a delay. when a
rough estimate was made of the prob
able cost, and the county's share was
more than available. Mr. Stewart
passed the hat and raised' $3000 from
the ranchers, stockmen and merchants
in the section affected. The action of
the commission means that the seven
bad miles will be in good shape by
next winter, if satisfactory bids are
received. Mr. Stewart arrivea at me
Perkins yesterday.
Twenty-seven machines were
camping in Roseburg a automobile
tourist park one night last week
says W. J. Weaver of the Umpqua
hotel, who is at the Imperial. "This
shows that the tourist travel is al
ready moving. Mr. weaver says
business is so good that people have
to wire for reservations now, and
later he doesn't know whether a res
ervation will do any good. "And it
costs so to build and furnish a hotel
now that Los Angeles ' prices would
have to he charged to make it pay.
says he. "Town south they ask if
you want a $10, $15 or $20 a day room
Travelers who come to Portland arc
tnanKtui mat me noiei rates are so
reasonable. They appreciate the Tort
land hotel rates after going up
against the prices In southern Call
fornia."
"I live in the east, but think I'll
sell and move west, probably some
where in Oregon," stated H. J. Ries.
who arrived at the Imperial from
Long Beach, Cal., yesterday, with his
wife and daughter. Inquiry revealed
that "east" is Billings, Mont., but out
on - the Pacific coast Mr. Ries con
aiders himself an easterner, an opin
ion which must shock those "west
erners" from Chicago and Philadel
phia. "The tourists are beginning to
leave southern California, says Mr
Ries, "but there are still plenty of
them left. This is the first winter
we have been in California, as for
years we have been coming to Ore
gon, and like this place.
Those who are In the dairy game
say that Harry West has brougnt
more Jersey cattle to Oregon than
any other man. Mr. West, who was
in town attending the dairy council
yesterday, doesn't do things by
halves. He would buy a herd on the
Island of Jersey and bring 'em over
to the United States. Thirty years
ago Lily Langtry did more to ad
vertise the island than all of its cows.
Miss Langtry is said to have dropped
a hunk of ice down the back of the
Prince of Wales, but ehe denied the
tale when she played in vaudeville
in Portland.
Andy Greiner, one of the oldest
ranchers in Gilliam county. Is In Port
land taking a look around. Mr.
Greiner4 has a big ranch and runs
some eheep. That he has been suc-
:essful is attested by tne tact mat
Condon Saturday.
and gives that town as his residence,
although his ranch Is on Mayville
flat. Mr. Greiner reports that there
was a fall of snow and some rain at
Condon Satorday.
They don't often come from Biggs,
although in a public meeting in Port
land a few years ago a man an
nounced that anyone could improve
his condition by going in any di
rection from Biggs. James Riley, at
the Imperial, is one of the few who
emblazon the name of that place on
a hotel register. Biggs people have
a kind of hazy notion that maybe
the John Day highway may join the
Columbia highway at their town.
S. Benson; chairman of the state
highway commission, is on his way
home from California, and was at
Medford yesterday, where he was
loined with his colleagues on the
commission and State Highway Erf-
srineer Nunn. The commissioners plan
to make a personal inspection or tne
Pacific highway northward and will
arrive In Portland some time during
the week.
It is said- that E. M. Brownell of
Oakland. Cal.. has the distinction of
having sold the first talking machine
that was nut on tne marKet. jm
Brownell, who Is at the Multnomah,
is representing a device which wa
used on the N-C hydroplanes when
they crossed the Atlantic, the device
being something to enable them to
keep in direct communication with
the warships and the shore during the
flight-
..-tr. o,r.tnll.. r.f a cent
I for every pound of cheese in adver-
1 Using the Tillamook product." de-
clares Carl O. Haberlach, the cheese
man. "mat ts wny tne lUiamooK
brand Is so well known. A friend
" . . , ... met tourist
w-ho saii that the only thing he knew
I about Oregon was Tillamook cheese.
President Welnacht and S. O. Rice
of the Mount Angel creamery were
Portland visitors yesterday. This
creamery is said to be one of the
most successful co-operative enter
prises of the sort in the Willamette
valley.
Charles G. Miller, until last week
manager of the Marion at Salem, is
at the Multnomah while on his way
to take charge of the Government
Hot Springs, about 15 miles back of
Carson Wash.
J. H. Van Kleek, who is distin
guished among dairymen for present
inir Lulu Alphea to the milking world.
a champion cow in ita class, was in
Portland from Beaverton yesterday.
I. J. Woods, a merchant' of Grass
Valley, is registered at the Perkins
while looking around to see what the
wholesale houses have to offer in
the way of new supplies.
Mr. and Mrs. Walter R. Bilyeu of
Albany have been spending the week
end in Portland and were quartered
at the Multnomah. At home Mr.
Bilyeu. is a dentist.
C. C. Dickson, who has one of the
finest dairy herds in Oregon, located
at Shedds. was among tha dairymen
in Portland yesterday.
JIST LIKE MEXICAX BANDITRY
Lrgrat Execution of Murderers en
Same Order nm Massacre of Innocents.
PORTLAND. May 3. (To the Edi
tor:) Genevieve Parkhurst once said
"No money which bears the govern
ment stamp Is irredeemable. There
are no greenbacks, no bills so polluted,
so soiled, so tattered that they are not
redeemable. So no matter how soiled,
how, polluted, how tattered ho may be,
no human being who bears the stamp
of his maker's image is irredeemable.
No man can stoop so low, can be so
vile, can be such a criminal, that the
divine image in him is effaced. That
is inviolable, indestructible. Immortal.
God's image cannot be stamped out of
his creation and it will be redeemed.
It was fortunate that I ran acress
that paragraph just at this time. How
many readers agree with Genevieve
Parkhurst? Offhand. I would venture
to say 9J per cent of them agree with
her. if that paragraph is left by it
self. The question is, how many
actually do agree, under circumstances
calculated to test the belief? Tha
actual test and the answer will come
In May, on election day. Because no
one can possibly vote for the proposed
constitutional aendment to reinstate
capital punishment in Oregon and
believe In that paragraph above.
The bandits in Mexico hang a man
or woman or child now and then,
through savage instincts. Out news
papers tell about it in flaring head
lines. We are all worked up about it.
Yet we are asked o vote for the
same thing in our states. W hat's the
difference who does it. the state or
the bandits? Results are the same.
Soviet Russia has abolished thn death
penalty, yet civilized, democratic Ore
gon would re-establish it. Are the
Russians so far ahead of us? Are
we no farther advanced than the
Mexican bandits?
Those questions will receive your
answer when you vote ou the capital
punishment amendment in May. Be
fore you vote yes, be sure you know
why you so vote. Nobody can prove
a single benefit society ever derived
from the death penalty, but statistics
Uo show there are more convictions,
justice is more positive, where capital
punishment is unknown.
MARY BOWMAN MORGAN.
IIADICAL TWIST GIVEN SPEECH
Dr. Pence Corrects Report of His
May Day Address.
PORTLAND, May 2. (To the Edi
tor.) May I ask a correction of the
report made of a portion of my speech
on "Americanism" at the auditorium
on Saturday night. May 1? I was re
ported as saying: "The day is coming,
and God speed it when no man
having amassed millions of dollars
will dare die without making provi
sion to hand back those dollars to the
community which gave him oppor
tunity to make those dollars."
What I actually said, and not thus
rather freely phrased, was what was
in my mind to say, namely, "When
no man having amassed millions of
dollars will dare die without having
made some return to society for the
opportunity to make those dollars."
I recognize that a man's greatest
moral return to society is In the
economic going concern, permanent
ly established and employing the pro
ducing energies of the largest num
bers of men which he leaves as the
monument of his genius and energies.
I referred to the joy a really great
man feels In amassing' a surplus
extracted, not out of Inadequate
wages or Inferior products, but out
of his own legitimate earnings from
his invested money and brains and
because his to give, given out of love
for his fellowmen and in gratitude for
living.
This Is a meaning very different
from that which might be drawn
from the reported account. My zeal
is not that I be corrected, but that
no statement in connection with that
great occasion on May day should be
tortured into an un-American mean
ing with an un-American intent.
EDWARD H. PENCE.
PL.AIN MARY NOT WORLD-BEATER
Jersey's Butterfaf Record Exceeded
by Two Guernseys.
HUBBARD, Or., May 2. (To tha
Editor.) In The Oregonian it is
stated that "the record for butterfat
has swung to 'Plain Mary," a Jersey,
to stay until someone brings forth a
Holstein to dispute her." This leaves
the Impression that Plain Mary's but
terfat record is a world's record of
all breeds.
Allow me to call your attention to
two Guernseys who several years ago
exceeded this record, viz.: Murne
Cowan 19597, who made 1098.18 pounds
of butterfat, and May Rilma 22761.
who made 1073.41 pounds of butterfat.
In this connection I would like to
state that Murne Cowan was eight
years and nine months old when the
year's test began, an age when many
of our farmers think a cow has passed
her years of use-fulness. But off top of
this. Murne Cowan carried a calf 202
days during the 363 days she was on
test, a record that to our knowledge
has never been equaled by any cow of
any other breed. It would be Interest
ing to know how many days Plain Mary
carried a calf during the year sue was
on test. OCTAV VOGET,
Secretary Oregon Guernsey Cattle
Club.
Tribute From St. I, on Is.
ST. LOUIS, Mo., April 2fi. (To the
Editor.) Please let me add my word
of tribute to the memory of Miss
Isom. She stood among the foremost
of the librarians of the world. Nona
had a broader vision than she of what
could be accomplished through library
service for the furtherance of human
happiness and knowledge.
No library ranks higher than Port
land's in efficiency in method and
result. The people seem to feel that
it is their library, authority In rules
and regulations being reduced to a
minimum. But not alone as a librar
ian will Miss Isom's memory be
cherished. She was a fine example
of noble womanhood. Thousands
loved and respected her.
A letter I received from Tier when
the end was nearing showed her to
be a woman of transcendent courage.
For months past no sign was given
of her suffering. - I count her friend
ship as one of the great Inspirations
of my life.
LUTIE E. STEARNS.
Troublesome "I fa" for Speculation.
ALGOMA. Or., May 1. (To the
Editor.) If Ben W. Olcott, secretary
of state, ehould resign, to whom
would he tender his resignation? If
he should resign and appoint a sec
retary of state, would not his appoint
ee's term of office expire In January,
1921? Suppose then, the governor
should become -incapacitated or die
In December. 1920, would his ap
pointee inherit the governor's office
and hold same until 1923? Would
not the secretary of state-elect have
some claim on the governor's office
if the above supposition should hap
pen?
Wr. O. BINNS.
Gee, man, why ask us? We're just
a newspaper, not the supreme court.
How She Landed Him.
London Tit-Bits.
He was looking for a chance to pop
the question and the girl was not
averse. "Did you pay my little broth
er to remain out of the parlor?" she
asked. "Yes: 1 hope I was not pre
suming." "You were not. But if you
paid him, I won't." They're engaged
now.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Mootacae.
THE PRICE MAKES A DIFFERENCE
Before the first of last July,
When all our world was turned to
water,
A very little cash would buy
A most complete and thorough
totter.
When cops along the avenue
Encountered persons with a jag on
They laid them by the heels and blew
The whistle for the hoose-gow
wagon.
The jugs were full or shabby cents
Who in the gin-mills had invested
Some forty-five or fifty cents
And subsequently got arrested.
We'd never even bat an eye
When pickled people crossed our
vision.
The simple drunk, when he passed by.
Excited only our derision.
But now that there exists a ban
On all the forms of piff lication,
We gaze upon a drunken man
With reverence and veneration.
Two bucks a shot for Scotch and rye
Has been the toll, since the em-
oargo.
And as we watch him reel we cry.
"He must be rich, to have that
cargo:"
For we're but human, after all:
There still must lurk the lackey in
us:
For riches we will always fall.
And wealth has never failed to
win us.
Though soaks a few years back were
scorned
Throughout a righteous minded na
tion. It ''y.0"-'1 b long till getting corned
Will be an honored occupation.
m w
Plenty of Aspirants.
The electoral college never needs to
advertise.
Read One or Two of Them.
t-ome of the proposed platform
planks are so thin that you couldn't
even make good ouija boards out of
them.
We're StrletlT Neutral.
Our best restaurants continue to
serve Irish potatoes with English
mutton chops.
ro.yright 100 by the Bell Syndlcnts. Inc.
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Yearn Aco.
From The Oreeonian. Slay 4. 195.
Jackson, Miss. Governor Stone to
day made public a letter from Presi
dent Cleveland in which he declares
that advocacy of free silver by the
democratic party means an easy
inarcli to victory for the republicans.
London. It is reported here that
the British government lias agreed to
accept the guarantee of Nicaragua for
the payment of 10.000 under the.
guarantee of the United States and
will withdraw its squadron from
Nicaraguan waters.
w ith butter at 12H cents per pound.
eegs. 10 cents per dozen and flour
$2.40 per barrel, there" arc few places
where living should be cheaper than
in Oregon.
A move has been started bv Forest
Grove and Hlllsboro men to build a
motor line between the two towns.
and eventually to extend to Portland.
Freight traffic for farm products is
the chief business they have in mind.
Fifty Years Ago.
Prom Th Orexonlan. May 4. 1S70.
Washington. The senate passed a
bill to make up deficiency of land
grant in aid of the construction of a
railroad from connection with the
Central Pacific to Portland, Oregon.
The republican county convention
of Yamhill county, held day before
yesterday, placed in nomination a full
county and legislative ticket.
There Is talk of operating the stages
on the line between the lines in Ore
gon and California In connection with
the Oregon & California railroad as
soon as it is completed to Dry Creek
in the upper Sacramento valley. Tim
bers for the bridges at Dry Creek and
Butte Creek have been taken to the
end of track, according to advices
from Marysville.
Plans are about completed .for 12
new stores, two stories in height, to
be built at Pine, Front and First
streets, by Dr. R. Glisan and Captain
A. P. Ankeny.
MOSES OF THE THIRSTY TRIBES
Mr. Shillock's Candidacy Just Begin
ning of TreW Across Desert.
PORTLAND, May 3. (To the Edi
tor.) In the leading editorial . Sun
day, entitled "Everyone His Own Plat
form," The Oregonian made reference
to my candidacy for state senator and
raised the question c what should ,1
do if elected on a wet platform, which
I advocate, and stated that my posi
tion Is "hopeless, yet rebellious."
If elected. I do not expect to accom
plish anything other than to give the
people an 'opportunity to express
their views upon the present prohibi
tion laws, and if I am correct, they
will so express themselves that two
years from now the legislature will
turn about face on this prohibition
question. All big things start in a
small way.
The state and federal prohibition
laws as existing toilay are bad. unfair
and pernicious, to deprive an old man
or woman, who is ready for the grave
of a stimulant. It would be a more
kind and humane act to take thera
back of, the hills and shoot them.
.My slogan, "Light wines and beer,
whisky for medicine and not medicine
for whisky." is not a hopeless and re
bellious platform, and I assure you
I am just as competent to help make
good laws as any candidate in the
field, and also just as poor ones.
JOHN C. SH1L.LOCK.
Why They Like Cuba.
A speaker at a recent interchureh
meeting was telling the audience
about conditions in Cuba.
"Do you know what American
brewers are. doing?" he demanded.
"They are shipping all the liquor they
can to Havana. Why, within the past
few weeks they have chartered so
much cargo space that it would fill
the entire Woolworth building from
the lowest sub-basement to the 20th
floor."
The speaker gave the audience tims
to gasp at the wickedness of the
brewers, then he went on:
"Yet Cuba has a great future. Only
recently 88,000 Americans have asked
for passports to Havana."
Then he wondered why the audi
ence interrupted by shouts of
laughter.
I.nw Not Vnlform.
RAINIER. Or., Hay 2. (To the Edi
tor.) On the editorial page of The
Oregonian in answer to a question
about swearing in un-registered
voters on primary election day, you
stated that a person could swear In
his vote "on the attestation of six
freeholders who are qualified voters."
Beg to call your attention to chapter
225. section 5. 1915'laws, which pro
vides that a person may register on
election day upon the affidavit ot
two freeholders, except that in coun
ties of more than 10U.00O inhabitant
six freeholders are necessary.
FRED W. HERMAN.