s
THE MORNING OKEGONIAN, FRIDAY. APRTL 2, 102O
PACKER'S METHODS
SCORED IW HOOVER
Confidential Report to Presi
dent public.
C0MPETIT10N.1S "AVOIDED"
Growing and Dsngcrous Domina
tion In Handling of Foodstuffs
Charged in. Investigation.
grains of morphine to Mrs. Josephine
Graham of 334 East Third street.
Hawkins, driver of a milk delivery
truck, was recently released from the
county jail, where he served a short
term for embezzlement. He - told
Deputy United States Attorney Flegel
that he gave Mrs. Graham the drug
for the -use of her husband, Charlee
Graham, who is serving a sentence.
Hawkins asserts that he formed the
drug habit in Jail, and that the mor
phine was griven to him by a Chinese
prisoner, who was discharged re
cently. Since leaving prison, he said,
he had met this man and received
supplies of morphine. These he had
taken to Mrs. Graham, presumably
for- her husband.
In the county Jail, when he began
his sentence, declared Hawkins, there
were 2a drug addicts. Later the num
ber decreased to nine or ten. with ap
proximately that many remaining at
the time of his discharge.
KEW YORK, April 1. A confiden
tial report to President Wilson by
Herbert Hoover in which the food
administrator outlined his position on
control of the Chicago packing in
dustry, was made jmblio tonight by
the Hoover nationai republican club
with the announcement that the
president has directed its publication.-
The announcement stated that the
eport, dated September 11. 1919. was
made six months ago, in response to
President Wilson's request for Mr.
Hoover's observations in recommen
dation of the federaj trade com
mission with regard, to- the. five large
packing firms.
"I scarcely need to repeat the views
that I expressed to you nearly a year
ago. that there is here a. growing
and dangerous domination of the
handling of the nation's foodstuffs,"
the re-port said.
. Mr. Hoover said he did not feel that
the government '-should -undertake
the solution of the problem by the
temporary authority conferred under
the war powers of the railway and
food administration," but rather that
it "should be laid before eonnrress for
searching consideration, exhaustive
debate and development of public
opinion, just as has been necessary in
the development of the public inter
est in our banks, insurance companies
and railways."
Underlying Economics Viewed.
The report reviewed the "underly
ing economics.' of the growth of the
packing industry and with regard to
the packers' control of refrigeration
operations, said:
"Provision of stockyards and car
services have naturally fallen in con
siderable degree to the larger and
more wealthy packers who have used
their advantages as in effect a special
and largely exclusive ratrway privi
lege with which to build up their own
business."
Entirely aside from the cpiestlon ef
conspiracy to eliminate competition,
the report said the packers "certainly
avoided such competition to a consid
erable extent," and power is in their
hands "to fluctuate prices by mere
refusal te buy.'
The economic efficiency of these
businesses "in the period of comepti
tive upgrowth." the report did not
question, but believed "as time goes
on this efficiency cannot ail to
diminish and like all monopolies begin
to defend itself by repression rather
than by efficiency."
The worst social result of this
jtrowth in domination of trades is "the
undermining of the initiative and the
equal opportunity of our people and
the tyranny which necessarily fol
lows in the commercial world."
Stockyard Control Not Liked.
Mr. Hoover said he agreed with the
federal trade commission s recom
mendation that the government take
over the etockyard terminals and
thought they should be "entirely dis-
MnfiatH f mm t V-t cur Iml nf t h o
packers."
"If the government acquires the
railways it would appear to me that
It should, as a part of the system,
acquire the yards," he added.
Absolute assurance to- the . food
trades that terminal facilities would
allow any manufacturer or dealer in
any food product equal opportunity
to handle and store his goods pend
ing final distribution was needed, he
said. The usefulness of public, whole
sale or retail markets "is a matter
of great division of opinion," he be
lie-red, and added:
"The most predominant feeling In
the independent trades is that if sites
can be made available, adjacent to
railway facilities, the trades them
elves would solve the matter."
Discussing the great centralization
ef the industry as a cause of decline
in slaughter near many large cities
and towns, he said:
"If proper abbattorirs could be ex
tended near the larger towns, pos
sibly with municipal help, and the op
erations therein protected from il
gitimate competition, I believe they
could not only Bicceed, but would
greatly stimulate the local produc
tion of meat animals.
Equal Opportunity Urged.
"One, effect would be a great sta
bilisation of prices by a wider based
market than that now so largely de
pendent upon a small group of buyers.
"In summation, 1 believe that the
ultimate solution of this problem is
to be obtained by assuring equal op
portunity in transportation, equal op
portunity in the location of manufac
turing sites and of terminal sites, and
the limitation of the activities of these
businesses. In this situation I believe
that the 50 minor meat-packing es
tablishments and the hundreds of oth
er food preservers could successfully
expand their interstate activities and
that local slaughter would increase
with economic gain to the comunity,
and all through continued competition
constantly improve our manufactur
ing and distributing processes to the
advantage of both producer and con
sumer. "The detailed methods, except in the
manifest case of car and stockyard
control, require much more thought."
TICKET LACKS ONE MAN
Clackamas Legislative Candidates
Too Few for Vacancies.
OREGON' CITT, Or., April 1. (Spe
cial.) The legislative ring is still one
hat short in Clackamas county, for
only two men have made known their
intention to become candidates for
representative, M. J. Lee of Canby
and William M. Stone, Oregon' City at
torney, who said today he would be a
candidate. Phillip L. Hammond has
given up the idea of running for the
house of representatives. Others men
tioned as prospective candidates are
E. W. Bartlett of Estacada and E. P.
Carter, who served one term as rep
resentative. County Judge Anderson,
whose term expires in January, and
John B- Cole of AIola.Ha are being
urged u run. Clackamas has three
seats in the house of representatives.
PRESBTTERIAXS OTP DISTRICT
HOLD MEETING.
Sirs- J. "W. McMichael
President Gather In g
tended by 60 0.
About 600 persons attended the all-
day session of the Portland Presbyte
rian society, held yesterday in the
First Presbyterian church, and 500
were present the preceding night at
the young peoples rally. The meet
ing was for the purpose of hearing- re
ports and electing officers. Mrs. J.
W. McMichael was elected president
of the organization, which covers aU
of this section of the state.
Some of the features- of the day
were the "pot-luck" lunch at noon, an
address on the interchurch world
movement, by Ralph C. McAfee, and
another talk by Miss Isabel Crawford.
The treasurer made her report, which
showed the presbytery had handled
foreign and home revenue amounting
to $10,884.57 during the past year.
Officers elected yesterday included
the following: President, Mrs. J. W.
McMichael: 12 vice-presidents, Mrs.
H. M. Colborne. Mrs. W. O. Ashby,
Mrs. l. A. Killam. Mrs. W. C. Lyman,
Mrs. A. E. Simmons, Mrs. Henry Han
son, Mrs. Robert S. Williams, Mrs. W.
H. Ferris, Mrs. Harvey Smith, Mrs.
Ward Willis Long, Mrs. r. M. Davies.
Mrs. James Garson; recording secre
tary, Mrs. Fabian Byerley; corre
sponding secretary, Mrs. O. G. Ed
wards: Christian Endeavor secretary.
Miss Stella Higgins; children's work
secretary. Miss Janet Phillips; secre
tary Westminster guild, Mrs. W. L
Paul; missionary secretary, Mrs.' T. J.
Keenan; literature secretary, Mrs.
William Yeo; assistant secretary of
iterature, Mrs. A. H. Dean; treasurer
of home and foreign work, Mrs. Rich
ard W. Williams.
SOCIETY ELECTS
Chosen
At-
ITALY VOTES CONFIDENCE
CARMEN FACE . CUT
liJ WAGE, IS RUMOR
Trolley Company to Open
Scale Agreement.
WORKERS AGAINST MOVE
SEX AT OR ATTACKS CABINET IX
OPPOSITION SPEECH.
Premier Nitti Spiritedly Defends
Government and Alleges
Flame Eas Well.
ROME, April 1. The senate today,
after an address by Premier Nitti on
the government programme, adopted
vote of confidence in the govern
ment. The vote was 107 to 11.
The senate then began a discussion
of the general policy of the cabinet.
Senator Mazzlotti made a strong
speech in opposition, declaring he did
not consider the present cabinet able
to cope with the grave situation of
the country.
Senator Mazziotti deplored that
government had not yet succeeded in
iiavuig viie peace ireaiy wiin Austria
ratified by France and England. He
criticized Premier Nitti's frequent ex
pressions of friendship for the Jugo
slavs, declaring the Jugo-Slava did
not reciprocate this sentiment.
Premier Nitti interrupted the sen
ator, saying:
It has been reciprocated manv
times."
Senator Mazziotti expressed resrret
at the painful economic conditions in
Flume, whereupon Premier Nitti declared:
"It is not true. I will demonstrate
that Flume has been eating twice as
much as Italy."
Report Current That Corporation
Would Make Vp Million
Dollar Deficit.
Rumor has it that the Portland
Railway, Light & Power company
has given notice that it will reopen
the existing wage agreement with the
carmen on April 30, the date of ex
piration of the six months' award of
the board of arbitration, which be
came effective last November.
Confronted with an annual deficit
of $1,000,009, according to- the re
port of J. Pi Newell, employed as
traffic expert in the investigation
conducted by the city, the suggested
reopening of the wage agreement by
the company gives rise to wide con
jecture, not only among the employes
but throughout the general public.
The findings of Mr. Newell were sub
sequently checked and approved as
correct by the publie service com
mission. Under the provisions of the wage
agreement, operative to April 30. the
same would continue in effect unless
either the carmen or the company
gave 30 days' notice of intent to re
open, prior to the date of expiration.
The maximum award of the board of
arbitration was 62 cents an hour for
platform men, the rate now be ins
paid.
Reduced Waare Is Aim.
Concerning the latest phase of tfce
streetcar situation, prominent union
officials say that the company intends
to reopen he agreement on the date
of expiration, with the view of nego
tiating with the men for a reduced
wage scale to aid In curtailing oper
ating expenses.
According to the findings of the
board of arbitration it would be nec
essary to reduce the hourly wage
of platform men to 40 cents, with a
corresponding reduction in all other
classes of company labor, if the
deficit in revenue be recompensed by
a reduction in operating expenses.
The company had placed in effect.
months ago. all of the various forms
of economy, suggested by the public
service commission, that could be ap
plied without actual detriment to the
interests of ear riders.
In other words, according to the
figures of the arbitration board, a re
duction of 1 cent per hour in the wage
oi ptatrorm men, with a correspond
ing reduction in all other labor, would
result in an annual raving of $18,000.
To wipe out the annual deficit of
$1,000,000, It is indicated, a reduction
of 22 cents per hour in all classes of
company labor would be required.
Carwen Avers to Reduction.
The situation Is already being
widely diecussed among carmen, who
have possession of the rumor, ap
parently well authenticated, although
the matter has not yet been laid of
ficially before the councils of the
union.
'The street car men cannot consider
any reduction In the present wage
scale, while living costs remain at
their present altitude," said A? H.
Stein, vice-president of the union. "It
is obvious that as the November
award was based upon living con
anions tnen ana was considered a
living wage, no reduction is logically
indicated at the present time, for the
very sufficient reason that the cost of
living has not lowered since then."
BELA KUN REFUSES FOOD
former Dictator On Hunger Strike
to Gain Freedom.
VIENNA, April 1. Bela Run, the
former Hungarian dictator, and his
associates, who are under detention
in Austria, have gone on a hunger
strike to enforce their demands for
liberation. The Austrian government
has refused to meet their demands.
taking the ground that it would be
unable' to guarantee their safety.
To this the Hungarian communists
Have replied that they are willing to
put themselves under the protection
of the workmen's councils, taking all
risks themselves and relieve the Aus
trian government of all responsibility.
Kotarians to Give Souvenirs.
Rotarians attending the northwest
conference at Victoria. B. C next
week will receive beautiful Portland
souvenirs in the form of sets of four
colored prints of Oregon scenes. The
local men are planning to distribute
1250 envelopes of these while on the
trip. The views were taken from
Samuel C. Lancaster's book, "The Co
lumbia River Highway," and are
copyright photos by Gifford and H.
Berger. Jr. Printing was contributed
by C. G. Bruntsch and J. L. Wright
and envelopes were furnished by W.
D. MeWaters and C. IL Freer, all rto
tarians. The pictures are so delicately
tinted that they suggest pastels. They
are mounted for framing on heavy
white art paper.
HEARING AT BEND OPENS
TESTIMONY- TAKEN ON IRRIGA
TION CONTROVERSY.
fees instead of 80 cents, and $1 an
acre provided for In the Central Ore
gon irrigation contracts with the in
dividual settlers.
Attorneys for the Irrigation dis
trict. Harrison Allen and John R. Lat
ourette of Portland, and H. H. Dear-
mond and Charles W. Ersklne of
Bend, objected to the introduction of
all testimony on the grounds that the
commission has no jurisdiction, as the
company is not a public service corporation.
Chief among the arguments of the
counsel for the company, Jesse
Stearns and Denton G. Burdick. was
the introduction of the fact that wa
ter for municipal use in Redmond and
Bend is furnished by the company.
The queston has been referred to
Attorney-General Brown for an opin
ion. In the meantime taking of tes
timony, subject to the general objec
tion, is progressing.
SUGAR FIRMS UTtDLR FIRE
CONSPIRACY IN RESTRAINT OF
TRADE ALLEGED.
Prosecution In TJtat Case to Seek
to Establish Proof of l'also.
Statements.
SALT LAKE CITT, Utah... April 1.
That it will be the aim of the federal
trade commission to prove that the
Utah-Idaho Sugar company and the
Amalgamated Sugar company have
eonspired unfairly to hamper inde
pendent sugar companies in Utah and
Idaho in their- enterprises while en
gaged in interstate commerce, was
declared by Henry Ward Beers, spe
clal attorney for the commission, who
opened the hearing of the complaint
against the sugar companies before
Judge Dunham, examiner, today.
Mr. Beers stated that it will also be
the purpose of the prosecution to
prove that the respondents have con
spired to circulate false statements of
competitors and prospective competi
tors; have canvassed the beet growing
territory in Utah and Idaho and en
tered into long time contracts with
beet growers; have caused banks to
refuse credit to competitors and pros
pective competitors and have used
their influence and money power to
prevent the building ef spurs and
tracks for the use of competitors.
POINDEXTER IS OPPOSED
Washington University Resent
Urges Senator Be Dropped.
TACOMA, Wash., April 1. (Special.)
John A. Rea, regent of the Univer
sity of Washington, urged that Sena
tor Potndexter be dropped as a repub
lican presidential possibility. He urged
this at a General wood luncheon giv
en in Tacoma today. It was attended
by 60 Wood supporters, who lauded
the general as a man who would get
things done.
- "I have no doubt that the republic
ans of this state are for Wood." said
Mark E. Reed of Shelton, republican
floor leader of the house. "General
Wood is a man who never has fallen
down. I have every respect for the
ability of Senator Polndexter. I think
the delegation from this state should
cast a vote for him in the convention
and then give their support to General
Wood."
Easter Event
FreelFreel
Clever basket containing
candy, Easter eggs with
i i
eacn -purcnase m our
Misses ancTChildren's de
partment.
Friday Saturday
Very special prices for this
event have been made, so
don't overlook this oppor
tunity.
Clever, beautiful hats in Mi
lan, Leghorn, basket weave
and hand-made hats of crepe,
ribbon and braids.
Prices ?2.95 to 510.
Your
Easter Hat
Tvill be a success if selected from the clever assembly
of varied styles at
Positions of Settlers and Company
Are Reversed From Four Years
Ago Rate Increase Asked.
BEND, Or., April 1. (Special.)
Pour years ago the Central Oregon
Irrigation company denied the right
of the state public service commis
sion to interfere in the conduct of its
business, while attorneys for the set
tlers on the project asked that the
commission prevent discrimination in
the delivery of water and enforce
proper maintenance. Today these po
sitions were reversed when Fred A.
Williams and H. H. Corey, members
of the commission, opened in Red
mond the hearing of the application
of the company to be allowed to
SENATOR'S FRIENDS BUSY
Plans Being Made lor Polndexter
Rallies In. Oregon.
Friends of Senator Polndexter who
formerly lived In the state of Wash
ington or who came into direct con
tact wirti him personally have called
a meeting for Tuesday, April 8. at
7:30 P. M. at the Poindexter head
ouarters in the Morgan building, room
835. They will lay plans for the com
ing of Senator Poindexter to the state
of Oregon and arrange for his recep
tion.
Arthur B. Balnes and T. P. Tebbetts,
old friends of the senator, have taken
the meeting in charge.
Senator Poindexter will be In Ore
gon at least two weeks before the
primaries. He will make a thorough
speaking tour of the state and meet
as many people as possible while here.
DIVORCED WOMAN LOST
Message by Telephone Followed by
Mysterious Disappearance.
VANCOUVER, .Wash.. April 1.
(Special).-Mrs. Dorothy Otto, daugh
ter of Mr. and Mra W. K. Church,
left their home about 6 o'clock last
night, and has not been heard of
since. It is thought that despondency
over the separation from her hus
band, who has the custody of their
6-year-old daughter, may have led the
young woman to commit suicide, or
may have deranged her mind.
Some time ago Mr. and Mrs. Otto
were divorced and she has been vis
iting her parents. She received a
elephone oaH from her former hus-
ART AWARDS ARE MADE
Orejjon University Extension Stu
dents'' Win Recognition.
Several students taking extension
work in architecture from the Uni
versity of Oregon have received
awards in New York by the Jury of
the Beaux Arts Institute of Design.
Three problems on "A Mountain Hunt
ing Lodge" were sent in March and
the following received recognition;
Thayne Logan, first mention placed;
A. Gambell, first mention; A. G. Stan
ton, mention.
The award given. Logan is that of
the highest rank in the competition.
The local students, who work under
the direction of the Portland Archi
tectural club atelier., compete with
many other similar organizations and
charge J2.80 an acre maintenance ! schools all over the country
iKUG TRAFFIC ALLEGED
Addict Sajr.nori" ii and Yenshee
Supplied '5 irisoners.
Charges that an organized traffic
In morphine and yensiee prevails in
Multnomah county jail were made
before federal officials yesterday by
Calvin Hawkins", 21, folwtng his ar
rest for the alleged itassing of two
Portland Has No Unemployed.
Portland is not faced with an un
employment situation and any man
wishing to work can be accommo
dated, according to Arthur W. Jones,
director- of the -municipal employment
bureau. According to the monthlyvre
port filed by Director Jones with
Commissioner Bigelow, in charge of
the bureau. 32o8 applicants in the
men's department were furnished with
work during the month of March. Ac
cording to Mr. Jones, the work on
railroads, general construction and in
mills brings the demand for labor
practically equal to the,, supply.
Anthorities Will Speak.
The meeting of the City club at the
crystal room, Benson hotel, at 12:13
o'clock today will be devoted to a
hearing of the aims and principles
of the JL.ana and labor league, from
two authorities on the subject F. K.
Coulter and Otto Hartwig. This is
new movement which all citizens
should understand and a full attend
ance is expected.
Phone your want ads to The Oreco
nian. Main 707. A SOS 5.
If You like The
Taste Of Coffee
Yoxill like
MSTANT
TTUM
and ymill like it better
if you are one of those
wiH wKora coiTee dis '
agrees.
cTHe flaLVOT is similar
hvut Pos-tizxrt. does not
coivtair. caffeine or any
oiiKer drug.
Better health follows
the change.
Sold by all Grocers
Mhde by Pos turn Cereal Co, Battle Creek.M5ch.
It's great to watch the baby
chicks in our corner window.
rati
The Wonder Millinery
Featuring al moderate prices
$75o$o$250
New Easter
Trimmed and Tailored HATS!
Nearly all hats are flower trimmed for
nearly every woman likes flower trim
ming; still there are others with wing
and feather trimming that are sure to
be much admired.
Hats of cellophane Raffia maline and
straw. Of course, a visit here is really the only
way to realize how splendid the values are and
how very moderately we have them priced.
Li I
band, who was speaking from Hay
mond, saying that he was going to
start for Holland with the daughter
at once.
Road Bonds Oversubscribed.
OKEOOM CITT. Or.. April 1. (Spe
cial.) The first block of $360,000 of
Clackamas county road bonds, which
went begging at the hands of the
bond buyers of the northwest when
they were offered for sale several
weks ago, has been oversubscribed,
the county court now having propo
sals in excess of that amount at par.
The court Is advertising for new bids
and has added $58. SCO to the initial
installment, making the first block
J 18.000. W. P. Hawley has sub
scribed for $100,000 of th bonds.
To Break Op a Cold
Mrs. William Ackerman, Col
linsville, 111., writes: Chamber
lain's Cough Remedy ' will break up
a cold on the lungs the quick
est of anything I know of."
"WE HAVE NEVER FOUGHT WOMEN & CHILDREN"
Herbert Hoover
The American Friends Service Committee, 20 South Twelfth Street, Phila
delphia, representing the Quakers of America, has assumed entire responsibility
of feeding; the undernourished children of Germany, in addition to their general
relief work in France, Serbia, Vienna, Poland and the Baltic provinces.
Appeal for German Children
1 The Friends are working in close co-operation with the European Children's
Fund, which is giving one supplementary meal each day to nearly 3,000,000 chil
dren in nine countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The Quakers will follow the
same methods in Germany. An extra meal is given daily to those children who
are shown, by medieal examination, to require additional food. The work is car
ried on without distinction of a religious or a political character,
"Gravest Food Crisis Will Be in March, April & May"
(Cabi from Friend.
There are today 10,000,000 undernourished
children in Germany. A single meal costs-5
cents. To feed 1,000,000 children six months,
January to June, until the next harvest, will
cost $9,000,000.
Special work planned for children's hos
pitals and children's homes will require an ad
ditional $3,000,000. - ,
Unit, Jan. 30, 1920)
The Friends pay for personnel, office and
overhead expenses. The European Children's
Fund, of which Herbert Hoover is Chairman,
provides out of a special fund all expenses of
transportation.
Every dollar given in America means a
dollar's worth of food in Germany.
American Quakers are supervising the dis
tribution of this food.
CBMg
In appealing for funds to provide food for undernourished
children in Europe at the present time, Herbert Hoover said:
"Last year the American people spent literally billions of dollars in saving
the whole of Europe from famine. The present cry is but an echo of that which then
existed. We cannot allow our greatness to be marred by a failure to meet this last
remaining call upon our hearts."
Send your Contribution at one and make aU e hocks payable to Charles F Jenkins, Treasurer
THE AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE
RUFUS M. JONES, Cbalrmani WILBim K, THOMAS, Eea. Secretary! CHABXE3 F, JBNKINS.Traasurer
20 South Twelfth Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Approved by the National Information Bureau, 1 Madison A venae, New York