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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 22, 1920)
TIIE MORNING . OREGONIAN, MONDAY, 3IARCII 22, 1920 BRITAIN APATHETIC TO TREATY DEFEAT Action and Many Officials. SOME COMMENT CRITICAL United States senate, says that the 'Tout of President Wilson is for the time being: complete," and expresses fear that the prospect of the treaty and league of nations being the lead ing issue in the coming American presidential campaign must be ac cepted. "It is a regrettable prospect for all the world and particularly for ourselves." says the Times. "None ', the less, we adhere to the belief, FiTlPrtpH hV Pllhlifi! which we share with Lord Grey, that i-AJJCllCU Ujf I UUIIW Am... n-nnlB in unlikely In the long run to withdraw their In fluence in world affairs or to be satisfied with playing only a small part in the league of nations." Referring to the warning of Its Washington correspondent that Eng land in the campaign will be de nounced as the oppressor of Ireland, Persia. India and Egypt, and the supporter, together with France, of the "new imperialism," the Times says: "We have gone through the same sort of storms before, though this one promises to be exceptionally vio lent, and they have not hurt us very much." The Morning Post, after remarking that "President Wilson's attempt to force the peace treaty down the throat of the senatorial mule again has been unsuccessful," refers to the Irish res ervation, to which this newspaper alone of the morning journals alludes. "Lincoln." it says, "had some cause to complain of British expressions of sympathy for the south during the civil war. Here we have a case that pretty nearly coincides, for the Brit ish government stands, if not for union, at least for common sover eiunty in the United Kingdom. The unity of these islands under one su preme government is as important to the British people as the unity of the United States was and is to the Amer ican people." Reiterating its hostility to the league of nations, the Morning Post says: "We can only congratulate the Americans with a wry face for hav ing wiser men in the senate than we have in our government." Tact Regarded by Others as Bet ter Dead Ttian Mangled by Uuitcd States Reservations. BY JOSEPH W. GKRiJ. (Copyright by the Nw York World. Pub lished by Arrancement. ) . Ii U LJ. .Mill I II X . ' ' . . ' Cable.) So far as the general public is concerned there is only apathetic 9 interest taken here in the United .States senate's defeat of the treaty. Hoth in official and unofficial quar ters such action had been fully ex pected. All tonight's papers relegated the news Into their inside pages without comment, except In two brief in stances. The Pall Mall Gazette, under the heading, "An Old Amusement," eays: "There Is still a penchant in Amer ica for twisting the lion's tail. The senate has just adopted a resolution favoring the inclusion of a self-governed Ireland as an independent member of the league of nations. The humorous part is that this follows on a protest against Canada and Aus tralia having separate representation on that body." Constitution Called ,ulnrr. The Westminster Gazette, in an ed torial note headed "Democracy an foreign Affairs," says: "The American constitution was no invented for an efficient transactio of foreign affairs. Its system checks and balances is a nuisance for that purpose. If more than one third of the senate is opposed to the president and both sides are adaman no treaty can be carried. "Proper democratic control of a for eign policy is very necessary, but it Is clearly equally necessary to be most careful in inventing machinery to en able it to operate. For there must a any moment be some person or bod of persons legally and politically en titled to speak and bargain for nation." Welcome I'aef Death. In responsible quarters the opinion Is expressed that the treaty is bette dead than that the United States should come into it manacled as was by its reservations. Among the most sincere supporters of the league of nations the opinion was voiced that the relegation of the treaty to an American presidential campaign months hence is a severe blow to the league at a time when Amefican moral strength was never more neces ary to bolster it up. The question is asked how much of the Versailles treaty will be left by the time the people of the United States get an opportunity to voice their attitude toward it. It is still hoped that America will come in. but it is generally thought it will be with reservations. But meanwhile all the forces of reaction are at work in Europe and long before the American people speak expediency probably will hav won the day. Clone Vndrtandina; Sought. Whatever action America eventual ly takes toward the treaty and the league, the keynote of British for eign policy will he a close under standing with the United tates. This was emphasised by Lord Curzon, the foreign secretary, at a dinner given on Tuesday by the Pilgrims to Sir Auckland Geddes. when Curzon, evi dently in view of the senate's prob able action, said: "The aim of America and ourselves chilli ha tn Knr nur filtnulHpra tn the common burden and aim at the same solutions. The friendship of America and tireat Britain, sun more me friendly and constant and continuous co-operation of the two. is, believe me sneak iner from the point of view of the foreign office, more valuable to the world at this moment than any stipulation, or than any principle; more important than any display of armed force1 than you can possibly produce. Mending of Fences Urged. "It is certain that apathy is grow- and is being influenced by the anti league feeling in France. America's aloofness at this juncture therefore gives weight to the argument that it is for Europe to mend its own fences in the face of American failure to co-operate." Professor Gilbert Murray, vice- chairman of the league of nations union, describes the senate action as "one of the greatest disasters in hu man history." and adds: "The liberal rnrj-oa in FTnrnnp nlrpnHv wnrV in? against heavy odds for the principles of peace, common sense and interna tional honesty, in which America be- lleves. are now deserted in the time of dire need." "tirrat Pity." Says Editor. George Lansbury, editor of the labor organ, the Daily Herald, said: "I think it a great pity that Amer ica, which played such a big part in making the treaty, should now re fuse to ratify. But America cannot wash her hands of the mess in which central Europe is left. A negative policy won't do. What is needed is an affirmation of principle, and that should be the right of peoples not governments to form a real league of nations. If the president went to Paris and gave in to our government in making a bad treaty, then he should now issue me terms on wnicn tne right sort of peace should be based and call the allies together to revise the treaty accordingly." Prolonged Delay Regretted. Lord Weardale. a noted advocate of the league of nations, said: "I am unable to express any opinion on the action of the senate, but most profoundly regret the prolonged de lay. I had hoped for the co-operation of the American people in taking a worthy and commanding share in the urgent task of pacifying a distracted world and gradually restoring gen eral confidence to posterity." Lord Parmoor, an eminent Jurist, aid: "The treaty is one which cannot ctand without bringing fresh ruin and famine, and revision of a drastic character is essential." J. R. Clynes, member of parliament and one of the best-known labor lead ers, said: "There are blemishes and wrongs in the treaty, but they cannot be re moved unless America stands with the allies and helps Europe to emerge from war and destruction. The choia Is between continued co-operation r infinite harm to all peoples." uOftiEElG HUN ALA11 F1IC E Treaty Rejection by America Changes Policy. POWER BALANCE QUIVERS Wilson Called "Agitating Shadow' by Frenchman Who Emphasizes Unity of Republics. STOCK CONTROL FOUGHT Government Supervision of Cattle Industry Is Opposed. WASHINGTON, March Zl. Govern. mental control of livestock traders accounts and prices would be un American and unnecessary, the bouse agricultural committee was told to day by Charles E. Day, representing commission men in the Chicago, Kan sas City, Omaha and other western stockyards. Control of the traders is proposed in the pending packer regu latory bill. The traders, Mr. Day said, added necessary speculative influence to the market. GUNMEN CLASH; TWO DIE Principals in Duel in Restaurant Killed; One Other Hurt. NEWARK, N. J., March 21. Two gangs of gun men ' clashed in a restaurant here today When the smoke cleared away the leader of each faction was found dead and another man. said to have been a participant, was taken to a hospital in a serious condition. EX -SOLON DROPS DEAD Tliotnas V. Steele of Iowa Victim of Heart Failure. SIOUX CITY, Iowa, March 21. Thomas W. Steele, former represen tative in congress from the eleventh Iowa district and a resident of Sioux City, dropped dead here today. Mr. Steele served one term in con gress beginning 1915. THREE THOUSAND KILLED (Continued from First Pase.) "ROCT OF WILSOX COMPLETE" London Times Accepts Prospect of .'Treaty as Campaign Issue. LONDON', March 22. The London Times, in jection of long editorial on the re- district, where the communists are reported to be in power. The reports declare that peaceable citizens were waylaid, robbed and shot in the streets of Leipsic. The Volkshaus in Leipsic, headquar- ers of the communists, capitulated today after a hard fight with the reichswehr, according to dispatches received here. Part of City Set Afire. Five persons are dead, 12 were seri oualy wounded and 50 taken prisoner by the troops. Conflicts continue in other quarters of Leipsic. Many parts of the city have been set on fire by the com munists, who are hindering the work of firemen with machine gun fire. It is reported from the Rhineland that at least four towns, Dortmund, Essen, Mullheim and Buer, are gov- rned by soviet councils. In Essen bombardments and street combats lasted more than 20 hours. Several streets are badly demolished and property damage is enormous. STUTTGART, March 21. (By the Associated Press.) Gustav Noske, minister of defense in the Ebert gov ernment, before leaving here last ight for Berlin, said he would soon restore order in Germany. Bridges Are Closed. Reports from Mannheim say the bridges on the south side of the Neckar river have been closed to pre- ent the spread of unrest that has ppeared in the factories of Mann heim. The workmen are said to have greatly lowered production to enforce their demands for increased power for their workmen's councils. Precaution ary measures are being taken by the military officials. Reinforcements are reported to be gradually reaching General von Wat ter, who will command the govern ment forces of 10,000 men being con centrated against the red army that took Essen. Official reports say that most of the reichswehr escaped from Essen, but that some were captured and disarmed and some shot. Indications are that it will prob ably be four days before General von Watter will be ready to begin his campaign. BERLIN", March 21. Three editors of the East Prussian Zeitung have been arrested for high treason at Koenigsberg, the home of Dr. Wolf gang Kapp. LONDON. March 21. The leaders of the strike movement in Berlin yes terday Issued a manifesto stating that the aim of the workers was social ism, according to a dispatch to the Exchange Telegraph company. Though the proletariat despises the use of might, the manifesto said they will continue the fight which has been forced on them and use all means to secure a victory for socialism. (Copyright by the New-York World. Pub lished by Arrancement.) PARIS, March 21. (Special Cable.) The American senate's rejection tne treaty of Versailles caused no surprise in France. It startled neither official circles nor the public, for it was generally expected. Some of ficials when approached declined' to comment on the senate's defeat of the treaty further than to say it would undoubtedly prolong the agony of the world's suffering. The most extreme view expressed was that conditions have already become so bad because of America's failure for so long to act on the treaty one way or the other that they cannot become much worse no matter" what course America decides to take now. That France long since discounted American absence In European af fairs has been no secret. Frenchmen have regarded the attitude of the United States as one that meant that Europe was to be left to stew in its own juice, although high officials admit they have been hoping against hope that something would happen to change their pessimism. V'nreprntant Germany 1'Varei At the foreign offices the United States senate's action passed almost unnoticed in the larger Interest, as far as France is concerned, attending events in Germany. The only ques tion asked is whether America will now remove her troops from the Rhine and leave practically the whole burden there except for the steadily diminishing British forces to France and Belgium. This question is re garded as all the more important, it may have a great and permanent influence on French policy in other parts of the world. ith an unrepentant Germany as her next door neighbor, ready to jump at France's throat at a moment's no tice if she thought she could get away with it as the 'events of the last week prove only too plainly many Frenchmen are beginning to feel that their country's very life demands the concentration of all her forces at home rather than in Asia and else where. So, if Fiance is forced to adopt this policy, Great ! itain, apparently. will be left uncha Mended in any policy she may pursue toward Asia. Strongest Urt SpoilM. America had been regarded as the balance wheel around which the world problems might revolve with out resorting to the old diplomacy. 'to the strongest go the spoils." But with America definitely declining to accept responsibility, the world is without a balance wheel as far as Europe is concerned. Those familiar with international politics, who have had special oppor tunity tot1 study the events imme- i diately preceding the British occu pation of Constantinople, declare the Americans could not have done more to encourage and aid British aspira tions to world domination than by the rejection of the treaty. What little further comment is heard takes the form of an attack on President Wilson for his unwilling ness to accept the reservations made by the senate. Stephen Lauzanne in the Matin, under the heading "A Sick President, a New Secretary of State and a Dead Treaty," is one of the most bitter commentators on Friday's note. Wilson Called "Agitating Shadow." "America has a sick president," he writes. "But who can call that agitat ing shadow in the White House i president? America has a treaty which is aeaa. inus that country has a president in the clouds and a treaty that la going to rot. Nevertheless America remains America, Colby or no Colby, treaty or no treaty. The American people should know that the ties uniting the two nations will remain intact forever. It takes more than a sick man to cast a cloud in the clear sky of two republics. There is no need of an official paper to know that America would send us more of her boys if we were threatened again as in 1918 and that we should send more La Fayettes if the United States were threatened as In 1770." Other newspapers advise closer co operation between European entente to take whatever steps may be neces sary to safeguard the peace of the world now that America refuses to participate. Still others, such as the Eclair, point out that the defeat of the treaty will be comforting news in Germany. The various parts played framing the treaty by Premiers Lloyd George and Clemenceau and President Wiison are again receiving their share of criticism. La Petite Republique reminds the French people that: "One cannot blame President Wil son for failing to gather a sufficient number of votes to bring about the ratification of the treaty, but rather for the concession Lloyd George and Clemenceau were able to draw from him." "Everything will have to be done again" is Saint Brice's lament In thej Journal. "The defeat of the treaty and the absence of America in enforc ing its fulfillment means the com plete downfall of all projects for the reconstruction f the world." I ward to take his turn. With a brusqueness that was close to anger he said to the audience: "I refuse to believe that you are expressing dis approval of a Christian act. If you are. you are not fit to be Americans. Are you people going to deny food and clothing to starving Europe? If you are, you are unfit to live under the American flag." Instantly the audience came out with tense and prolonged applause. It had been -on the general's part an utterance of honest and spontaneous indignation. In his circumstances It called for courage. It showed that while the occasion might be a joint debate, it was not, so far as the general was concerned, a contest in popularity, a competition in winning the favor of the audience. Or if it was such a competition, he was willing to risk losing it in order to show his honest feelings and express them forcefully. And the audience, recognizing th courage and honesty of the act, in etantaneously gave the general tha greatest burst of applause of tha evening. Thereafter, everything the general said won increasing volleys of ap plause so that his closing speech was almost a continuous ovation. Sen ator Poindexter's bellicose determina tion to make the occasion a real de bate had forced the general quite unwillingly out of his set speech, and then an unpremeditated incident had tricked him Into a state of feeling. Both these things had the happiest consequences for him. He was forced away from his set speech, which had sounded a good deal like the Ten Commandments ' and story on the constitution reduced to the terse brevity of army orders. He was forced to show the audience his real personality, and the audience dis tinctively and emphatically liked what it saw. Wood Showa Humanity. Having expressed feelings and hav ing been assured that the audience was with him at heart, the general calmed down and proceeded to draw an accurate distinction between an act of Christian charity on the one hand, and on the other hand the things that we ought not to do in Europe. "I don't want anything to do with boundaries in Europe," he said. "I think it has been a fright ful mistake to intervene in questions of boundaries." In fact, after the general described all the limitations he would put on his league of na tions, there wasn't much difference between him and the senator. But he did cling to the idea of some kind of institution to prevent or postpone war, and he expressed his idea en gagingly when he said: "Are you un willing to talk things over with your enemy? Are you unwilling to agree to sit down at a table and try to fix up your differences before beginning war?" The one other point on which Sen ator Poindcxter sought to crowd the general into a fight was the open shop. "I am for the open shop," said the senator. "Will General Wood say he Is for the open shop?" Gen eral Wood didn't say that in so many worfls. He had the air of being quite willing to say it, but not wanting to give his opponent that much sat isfaction. He said he believed every laborer who wants to work is en titled to protection against work men who try to prevent nim irom working. He said that was the po rtion he took at Gary when he was called on to suppress rioting there Altogether General Wood showed himself a man of ideas and convic tions, and in addition, very quick with his fists in an intellectual scrimmage. The honors of the debate were with him, though Senator Pom exter got plenty of tributes as one f the heroes of the fight against the league of nations. So far as the primary next Tues- av is concerned, the debate means othing. Senator Poindexter cuts little figure In this primary. That fight is wholly among General Wood Governor Lowden and Senator John son. Very probably the fight is really between General Wood and Governor Lowden. That Is what all the detached observers here believe. Senator Johnson has no organization and such votes as he gets will be wholly in the nature of a personal tribute. If he should get enough to give him second place, that would be a remarkable and significant event. It is not probable. General Wood 1 I and Governor Lowden both have or ganizations stimulated by high feel ing and abundantly supplied with re sources, rather too abundantly, in fact. No one charges or believes that a cent has been used corruptly, but everybody says it has been used too lavishly. 1 is GIBSON TO CONTROL LIFE g Artist Whose Work Once Was Re jected Buys Publication. NEW YORK, March 21. Charles Dana Gibson, the artist, it became known today, has bought a controll ing interest in Life, the weekly hu morous publication, and will take control on April 1. Thirty-four years ago Mr. Gibson sold his first drawing to Life for ?4. Encouraged by this, he went home that night and produced 12 more sketches, all of which were rejected by Life next day. Soon after, how ever, he became a frequent contrib utor. 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March 21. A rather strong earth shock was felt here early this morn ing. No damage was caused. the two candidates having screed to abandon their plnn for a democrat to caucus as soon as tha treaty dbat wm endd Democratic Leaders Call Truce. WASHINGTON, March 21. No ef fort to break the deadlock between Senator Hitchcock of Nebraska and Senator Unrlerwooii of Alabama for W. L. Andrews Dies. NEW YORK. March 21. William Back-Ache Limber Up With Penetrating Hamlin's Wizard Oil WOOD HAS DEBATE HONORS (Continued From Flrt Page.) Lincoln Publisher Dies. LINCOLN. Neb., March 21. Henri William Enderis, for many years manager of the Lincoln Freie Presse, formerly in the publishing business at Chicago and Milwaukee, died here today. A brother, Guido Enderis, Is connected with the Associated Press at Berlin. Germany. . S. & H. Green Holman Fuel Co. Adv. Stamps for cash. Main 353. 660-2L the. peace treaty by the J aUk, S. & H. Green Holman Fuel Co. Stamps for- cash. Main 353. 560-21. .ra tions and willing to lose something In order to stand by his convictions: and the episode got for him the kind of enthusiastic and affectionate ap proval that goes out to a man who does an act of spontaneous courage. Senator Poindexter had been mak ing it clear that he was opposed not only to the league of nations, but to all traffic with Europe whatever. In expanding on this he expressed his disapproval of the recent gift by con gress of $100,000,000 to Europe. With strong irony he contrasted congress' easy generosity to Europe with its niggardliness about giving a pension to the widow of a wounded soldier. Hewaid there were plenty of ways to spend that money in America. He enumarated the ways, and most of them were ways calculated to appeal to an audience of about the latitude and longitude of Pierre, S. D. He said that money could be spent here at home in building roads, -in irri gating dry prairies, in finishing the Alaska railroad, in building schools, In providing farms for returned sol diers. All of these are things that the west wants, and the aadieaoi ap plauded them. This happened to come just at the close of one of. Senator Poindexter's periods an,d Geneai Wood, came for- Cuticura Soap Complexions Are Healthy SMO.Ointmnt.TrBa).3. f her Par MnnlM TbmilDISIF Wkelesaaie. Oeatslnj. "llW'ilr1-' lelreshlna aai Hcillnf Leliea Murine for Red ness, Soreness, Granula- L. r5rC twn.Itching and Burning TOURxYtJof the Eyes or Eyelids; 2 Drops" Attar tne mom. Motonnc or ooir will win your .confidence. Ask Your Druaguc for Murine when your Eras Need Care. 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